ADVERTISEMENTS. 



DXTES^W IKTVE3\rTIOW. 




This Shirt possesses desiderata — long wished for, — opening neither at the back nor 
in front, — and comprises comfort and conveniences hitherto unattained in what 
"U T <Vubtedly constitutes the most attractive article of a gentleman's dress. Made 
only to measure, — without extra charge, — at 

36 PARK STREET & 2 HUNTER STREET. 

1||ak:er by Appointment 

TO THE EIGHT HON. SIR JOHN YOUNG, Bart., K.C.B., Governor-in-Chief of N. S. W. 

. M— — 

W. SMITH, SHIRT MAKER, 

JPJ^TfZZ STREET, 

Respectfully notifies that, for the convenience of Merchants, .Captains of Vessels, and others whose 
business lies north of the Post Office, he has opened a Branch Establishment as above, where he 
will be happy to receive and personally attend to their orders. W. S. begs also to state that he has 

a select assortment of 

i aicy mnm, mmm mmu, 

HOSIERY, UNDER-CLOTHING, TURKISH TOWELS, 

10ILGC AM® LAW 71 HA.JNIPllCEReHDIEFS* 

NECK-TIES, SCARFS, COLLARS, CARPET AND LEATHER BAGS, 

grwamg €&m, ^txfxxmm, Cmkt Stoap*, 'Set., 

Which will be supplemented by monthly mail parcels, of all NEW and CHOICE GOODS, as they 
appear in the fashionable circles of London and Paris. 



Kept ready made, with Gauntlet, Cambridge, Rifle, and other fashionable Wristbands, at 

42s., 45s., 50s., and 57s. per Half Dozen. 



*ST 36 STREET, 

ANB 

2 HUNTER STREET, first House from George St. 

ESTABLISHED A QUARTER OF A CENTURY. 




ADVERTISEMENTS. 



TURKISH BATH, 




ii a O Q QQQQO Oat ■ 

(c But the Bath is of still greater importance to the healthy than the 
sick ; for to be kept well is better than to be cured, and a harmless, 
luxurious, invigorating, and life-prolonging recreation, is better than all 
medicine." " The bath is to the individual man, comprising his liver, 
kidneys, and skin, what the sun is to the world and its inhabitants." — 
Dr. Erasmus Wilson. 

" I am more and more, every day persuaded, by my experience of the 
great value of the Turkish Bath. I have been boiled, or rather roasted, 
again into youth." — Sir John Fyfe, M.D., introducer of the bath into 
the Newcastle Infirmary. 

" In Cyprus, where there is a mixed Mahometan and Christian popu- 
lation, the Mahometans, who use the Turkish bath, are almost free from 
consumption ; while the Christians, who do not use it, fall frequent 
victims to that disease." — Dr. Barter. 

" Gout and rheumatism are hardly known among the bathing popu- 
lation of Turkey." — Urquhart. 

" The Turkish bath is looked upon so much in the light of a panacea, 
that the lower orders never dream of consulting a physician when taken 
ill." — Dr. Milligen, Physician to the Sultan. 

Extensive alterations have recently been made, embodying all the 
late improvements, by which the bath, according to the highest medical 
and scientific authorities of England can now cure many cases formerly 
considered hopeless. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



HUNTER RIVER 

(Incorporated by Act of Council, 1852.) 

CAPITAL PAID UP £55,000. 

DIRECTORS : 

BENJAMIN LEE, Junr., Esq., M.P., Chairman. 
GEORGE VINDIN, Esq., J. P. i PATRICK O'KEEFFE, Esq. 

J. B R. ROBERTSON, Esq., J. P. j WILLIAM WATSON, Esq. 

JAMES CAMPBELL, Esq., J. P. 

MANAGER: F.J. THOMAS, Esq. SECRETARY: L. BARBER, Esq. 

SUPERINTENDING ENGINEER : 

JOHN FYFE, Senr., Esq. 

BANKERS : 

THE COMMERCIAL BANKING COMPANY, Sydney and Morpeth. 

AGENTS : 

Morpeth Mr. L. BARBER. I Clarence Town... Mr. W. BROAD- 

Raymond Terrace Mr. W. E. SHAW. | RICK. 

Paterson Mr. W. CORNER. I Newcastle, Mr. W. K. LOCHHEAD. 

Singleton Mr. P. CULLEN. | Miller's Forest. ..Mr. W. MARTIN. 

FARES: 

Between Sydney and Morpeth, either way, Saloon £1 o o 

,, ,, Fore Cabin o 12 6 

Between Sydney and Newcastle either way, Saloon O 17 6 

,, ,, Fore Cabin o 10 O 

An uniform rate, 2s. 6d. Saloon, and is.6d. Steerage for all River passages. 
For days and hours of starting, see daily papers. 

FREIGHTS : 

(To and from the Hunter.) 

Dead Weight, per ton 10s. and 12s. 6d. 

Measurement, per ton... 
Wool, per bale... 
Hay, per bale of 35 feet 
Hay, per bale of 35 feet, Droghed 
Hay, every additional 5 feet ... 
Hides, each 
Hides, Droghed 
Tallow, per ton, gross weight 



12s. 6d. and 15s. 

9s. 6d. 

4S. 

4s. 6d. 

6d. 

6d. 

V*ti$" 7d 

- iSs. 

Certain Packages, Live Stock, Vehicles, Sec, according to printed Lists of Fares and Frei ghts % 
which will be forwarded post-free on application to the Manager or Agents. 

The Directors being anxious to facilitate, and render as inexpensive as possible, the trans- 
mission of Wool or other produce by the Hunter River New Steam Navigation Company, desire to 
inform the public that any instructions respecting payment of Wool Carriage, or forwarding goods up 
Country, will be promptly attended to by the Company's Agent at Morpeth ; and these services being 
performed without any extra charge to shippers, the expense of employing intermediate Agents may 
be avoided by consigning goods direct to the care of the H.R.N. S.N. Company's Agent at Morpeth. 

Shippers of Wool will perceive by the Railway "Wool Rates," that it is to their advantage to 
send via. Morpeth, where large and commodious sheds are erected at the Company's Wharf for its 
reception, instead of sending via Newcastle, where there is no storage accommodation, the Train 
Carriage more, and the Freight equal to that charged from Morpeth. 

If special instructions are given to the carriers to forward your goods per Hunter River New- 
Company, any misunderstanding will be avoided . 

By order of the Board. 



F. J. THOMAS, Manager. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



fMtttillt COB? FAST, 

279 GEORGE STREET, SYDNEY, 

OPPOSITE HUNTER STREET, 

Are in receipt of regular monthly shipments of the best and newest 
style of goods, such as are used in the first London Houses. 

The principles upon which their business is conducted are to supply 
for Cash the very best goods and at the lowest possible price. 

W. SMITH & CO., 

Proprietors. 

"I never played on a better table in my life." — John Roberts, Champion Billiard 
Player of the World. — First Match played in Victoria, vide Argus, Aug. 30, 1864. 



ALCOCK & Co. 




SHOW ROOMS, 95 Little Bourke-street East, 

MANUFACTORY, 132 RUSSELL STREET, MELBOURNE. 

Agent for New South Wales— Mr. JAMES GRAHAM, Produce 
Merchant and Auctioneer, Victoria Chambers, and Circular 

Quay, Sydney. 



ADVERTISEMENTS 



THE 

CAPITAL ^2,000,000. 



ACCUMULATED FUNDS, ,£800,000. 
Head Offices : LONDON, ABERDEEN, and MELBOURNE. 



DIRECTORS FOR AUSTRALASIA: 

Hon. W. C. HAINES, M.L.C. I ALFRED ROSS, Esq. 
JAMES GILL, Esq. | ANDW. B. WHITE, Esq. 

Medical Referee: Dr. PUGH. Auditor: GEORGE BUTCHART, Esq. 
Acting Secretary : ALFRED GEORGE DAVY. 
FiRE Insurances effected at current rates of Premiums. 

Life Department. — The rates charged are the same as in England ; are calculated 
on the latest data of mortality there ; and will be found peculiarly favorable to young 
assurers. 

The Participation Branch : For those who wish to share in the profits,. combines 
all the advantages of the Mutual system, without individual liability. 

SYDNEY OFFICES : 62 MARGARET STREET. 

ROBERT HENDERSON, Res. Sec. 

mm®, brothers. 

BILLIARD TABLE MANUFACTURERS, 

IMPORTERS OF ALL KINDS OF MATERIALS 

C€)MME€TI£® WITH THE 1TBA®E a 
XjiOKrx>oaxr; 

AND 196 LITTLE BOURKE STREET EAST, 
MESLBOURNB. 



All orders per post punctually attended to. Charges Moderate. 
EVER! ARTICLE GU1RAMTJEED. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 




TO THE 

SURVEYOR GENERAL DEPARTMENT, OBSERVATORY, ETC. 



HP I: f? 



CHRONOMETER MAKERS, 

SSft SEOBSH STBSKT, SYBKZT. 



ONE DOOR FROM HUNTER STREET. 



EVERY DESCRIPTION OF NAUTICAL AND SURVEYING INSTRUMENTS REPAIRED 
AND MADE TO ORDER ON THE PREMISES. 



CHURCH BROTHERS 



WINE AND SPIRIT MERCHANTS, 



{Successor to J. M. LEIGH & CO.) 



Macro i$m|mttt anir §mp;ta; 

284 GEORGE STREET, SYDNEY. 



Country Orders will receive prompt attention. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 




ILLCOX & PIBBS, 



FAMILY 




The superiority of these Machines over all others 
is universally acknowledged. They are the MOST 
SIMPLE, the BEST, the CHEAPEST, and MOST 
EFFECTIVE of all Sewing Machines. They FELL, 
HEM, BRAID, GATHER? TUCK, QUILT, and do 
more work in a given time than any other Machine. 
They are divested of that everlasting click and noise 
that renders a Sewing Machine so intolerable to a 
nervous person. They are so simple in the con- 
struction that a child may work them. 



SOLE AGENT FOR THE AUSTRALASIAN COLONIES, 

432 GEORGE STREET, 

AND 

292 PITT STREET, [SYDNEY. 




THE SOUTHERN 



mmmu 



.JIM 



Incorporated under the Companies' Statute, 1864. 



HEAD OFFICES: 31 QUEEN STREET, 

MELBOUENE. 

CAPITAL: ONE MILLION. 

Paid-up Capital — One Hundred Thousand Pounds. 



The Hon. S. G. HENTY, Chairman. 
FRANCIS JOHN BLIGH, Vice- Chairman. 



J. H. BLACKWOOD. 
JAMES LORIMER. 
HAROLD SELWYN SMITH. 



W. K. THOMSON. 
PHIPPS TURNBULL. 
JAMES WHITE. 



BRANCH OFFICES. 

LONDON BOAED OF DIEECTOES. 

OFFICES : No. 2 Moorgate Street, E.C. 

THOMAS HARBOTTLE. JAMES RAE. 

JAMES McEWAN. TOM RAY. 

WILLIAM A. OGG. HENRY WHITE. 

SYDNEY - BOAED OF DIEECTOES. 

OFFICES : No. 22 Bridge Street. 

GEORGE KING. | R. G. MASSIE. | GEO. PARBURY. 
J. S. WILLIS. 



ACE 

Calcutta, Shand, Fairlie, & G 
Mauritius, Richardson & Co. 
Adelaide, Joseph Darwent. 
Brisbane, Henry Box & Son. 
Swan River, Bickley & Co. 



CIES. 

Launceston, W. K. O'Keeffe. 
Dunedin, Dalgety, Rattray, & Co. 
GeeloNG, C. J. Dennys & Co. 
Portland, S. G. Henty & Co. 
Warrnambool, Aitkin & Bostock, 




On every description of insurable interest accepted at current rates; and 
losses payable, at the option of the Assured, either at the Head Office, 
Melbourne, or at any of the Agencies of the Company in Great Britain 
or the Colonies. 

DAVID MOFFAT, Secretary. 

Melbourne, ist January, 1866. 



ESTABLISHED 1843. 



BLUNDELL & FORD, 

IS0411ISI STAT lOHBBS, 

PRINTERS, 



HI 

< LITHOGRAPHERS AND ENGRAVERS. 



DC 

q STEAM PRINTING DEPARTMENT, 

z 

This Department being replete with the most extensive selection of Type and 
Machinery of the latest improved construction, offers unusual facilities for the 
expeditious and satisfactory execution of every class of Printing, comprising — 



Book Work 



Pamphlets 
^_ Periodicals 
Q- Parliamentary Bills 
O Appeals 
f— Newspapers 



Forms of Public Corn- 



Tables and Statements 
Ship Cards 
Show Cards 
Charter Parties 
Policies 
Bills of Lading 



panies 
Prospectuses 
Circulars 
Hand Bills 
Mercantile Reports 

Jf Brokers' Catalogues, Bond and Custom House Forms, &c, &c 

Z 

1 MAHOTACTOIRim 8 ELLUSTIATEID) €ATA1 (DOTES, 



o 

Prices Current, Market Reports, & Freight Lists, 

IN ALL LANGUAGES. 
With the most scrupulous regard to punctuality and expedition. 

O 
O 

0 Posting Bills or Placards (in all colors, and of any dimensions,) 
Contract Notes, Share Certificates, Cheques, Coupons, Bonds, Eeceipts, 

w &c., numbered consecutively and perforated, 

ce 

§ 

1 z .. : ::: . i : 

E 

| ^.GOOTJIsrT BOOKS. 

The manufacture of Account Books commands the especial attention of 
(0 Blundell and Ford, whose selection of only first-class materials, aided by the 
most experienced workmen in the various branches, ensures the judicious 
application of the various patents, and all the new improvements which have 
of late years been introduced, to ensure durability, elasticity, and that most 
desirable feature to the Book-keeper, a perfectly free and even opening. For 
all first-class Book3 a scrupulous regard is paid to the quality of the paper, pro- 
curing a smooth surface and such an amount of tenacity as to leave nothing 
to be desired. 



M^?s XJF^CTTJIillSra STATIOXEE3. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



AUSTRALIAN TEA MART. 




METCALFE & FOSS, 

(Late Metcalfe & Lloyd), 

Hipping ani fi\i\\\ 

GROCERS, 

Will & SPIRIT »EE€IAHTS 



478 GEORGE STREET, 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



SYDNEY EYE INSTITUTION. 
FOR THE CURE OF DISEASES OF THE EYE AND EAR. 

PATRON. — His Excellency Sir John Young, Bart., Governor-in-Chief. 
PRESIDENT. — His Honor Sir Alfred Stephen, Chief Justice. 
VICE-PRESIDENT S. — The Lord Bishop of Sydney, Hon. Charles Cowper, Esq., M.P., Hon. E. 

Deas Thompson, C.B., M.L.C., Rev. Archdeacon M'Encroe, &c. 
PHYSICIAN, SURGEON, OCULIST, AND AURIST :— Dr. BERNCASTLE, Member of the 
Royal College of Physicians, London ; Member of the Royal College of Surgeons ; L. A. C, &c. 
For Terms, &c, apply to Dr. Berncastle, 229 Macquarie-street, from 9 to 12, or 3 to 4. 

OPINIONS OIF 1 TIKE PRESS. 

To Dr. BERNCASTLE, Surgeon, Oculist, and Aurist.— "Mrs. Elizabeth Neville, aged sixty- 
six, wishes publicly to express her thanks to Dr. Berncastle for the late successful operation of Cat- 
aract. Mrs. Neville had been blind for nearly three years, and for the last year had not been able 
to go about. The operation took place December 8th, at the residence of Dr King, Church Street, 
Mudgee ; it lasted but a few seconds, without any pain, and was for both eyes. Twelv© days 
after when the bandages were removed, Mrs. Neville could see distinctly, recognizing every colour 
and object shown to her, the sight being perfectly restored. She wishes thus publicly to express her 
acknowledgments to Dr. Berncastle for his skill and success." — Mudgee Newspaper, Jan. 11, 1S64. 

"To Dr. BERNCASTLE, Surgeon, Oculist, and Aurist, Sydney.— Sir,— I am happy to inform you 
that my little boy Robert, who has been afflicted with deafness for these five years, and for whom I 
consulted you last month, has benefited very much by your treatment. After the first or second 
application he could hear very much better, and at the end of a fortnight, as he seemed to hear quite 
well, I gradually discontinued the treatment. He seems quite cured, and I trust will continue so. 
I beg to acknowledge through this public medium our deep gratitude to you for the benefit he has 
received at your hands. I remain, yours gratefully, D. FINLATSON." — Kiama, Aug. 20, 1862. 

SUCCESSFUL OPERATION ON THE EYE.—" "We have much pleasure in hearing that one of 
the oldest and most respected inhabitants of this district, Henry Hall, Esq., J. P., of Charnwood, 
Queanbeyan, who for some time past has been blind from cataract of the right eye, the left having 
been lost from a previous unsuccessful operation performed a year ago in Sydney by another surgeon, 
was operated on for extraction of the cataract by Dr. Berncastle, of Sydney, on Tuesday the 28th of 
June, at his own residence, Charnwood, near Queanbeyan, in presence of Dr. Hayley, J. P., and five 
days after the operation the dressings were removed for the first time, when perfect sight was obtained, 
the successful issue of the case being proved by his having no pain during the operation and week 
following, and his being able when the eye was opened on the fifth day, to distinguish immediately 
minute objects shown to him. The above is not a solitary instance in which Dr. Berncastle has 
succeeded in restoring sight to persons resident in this district, who have been afflicted with cataracts 
or other diseases of the eyes." — Tass Courier, 10th July, 1864. 



IMPORTERS OF 

PRINTING PRESSES, TYPE, AND MATERIAL, 

AND 

PRI1TE B§' STATIONERY, 

Inform the Trade that their SPECIMENS PRICE LIST may be had Gratis on Application. 

WYNYAED SQUARE, SYDNEY. 



PYRMONT BONEDUSTSTEAM MILLS. 

DUST 

Can be obtained in any quantity, on application to the undersigned, or to Messrs. 
GUILFOYLE & SON, Exotic Nursery, Double Bay Sydney ; Messrs. J. GRAHAM 
& CO., Markets ; or Mr. JOHN BAASS, at Messrs. Billyard and Curtis', 32 
Hunter Street Sydney, at the following prices : — 

Bone Dust, No. 2 £5 per Ton, without Bags. 

Bone Dust, No. 1 £6 per Ton, „ 

Other Qualities in proportion. 

JONES & CO., 

MURRAY STREET, PYRMONT. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



AMERICAN TOBACCO WAREHOUSE, 
275 GEORGE STREET, 

OPPOSITE HUNTER STKEET, 




(Successor to W. H. ALDIS,) 



Has constantly on hand every description of 

AMERICAN TOBACCOS, HAVANNAH & MANILA 
CIGARS, ENGLISH & FOREIGN SNUFFS, 

Also Meerschaum Pipes, a large assortment ; Myall-wood, Brier, and Clay Pipes, 
in almost endless varieties. Matches, Fusees, and Tobacconists' Gooda in 
general. 

Storekeepers and others are invited to inspect the stock at the above old 
established Tobacco Warehouse, before purchasing elsewhere ; the quality will be 
found first-rate, and the prices low enough to defy competition. 

Barrett's Twist, Aromatic, and Cavendish Tobaccos cut by machine. 

THE TRADE SUPPLIED. 

1. JR. ^®TOB)2M<£ 9 ^S€>fr§<e Street, 

OPPOSITE HUNTER STREET. 




OPPOSITE THE PIT ENTRANCE OF THE PRINCE OF WALES 
OPERA HOUSE, 

STRKKT ®AST B !>Y®MI£Y. 



LUNCHEONS, DINNERS, AND SUPPERS. 

$vabt#Bis tit-Sit fele&raijir M\ik Shod J5|rarg. 

mimm mwm mmim t» »»b 



ON THE SHORTEST NOTICE. 



DEJEUNERS, DINERS ET SOUPERS A LA CARTE. 

PHILLIPS & SMITH. 

Proprietors. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



COLONIAL 




{FOR THE SALE OF SUGARS, RAW AND REFINED, AND OF RUM, WHITB SPIRITS, 

IVORY BLACK, ETC., ETC.) 

24 BRIDGE STREET. 



Sugar IkKmrg atttr $)isfilforg : 
PAKRAMATTA STREET, SYDNEY. 

LONDON — Messrs. F. Parbury and Co. 
BRISBANE, QUEENSLAND — E. B. Forrest, Esq. 
ROCKHAMPTON — Messrs. Headrick, Livermore and Co. 

<§XmtGXB : 
EDWARD KNOX, Esq., Chairman. 
Hon. WILLIAM WALKER, Esq. 
WALTER LAMB, Esq. 
FREDERICK FANNING, Esq. 
THOMAS BUCKLAND, Esq. 

Patter : 

J. GRAFTON ROSS. 
Messrs. WANT AND WANT. 
BANK OF NEW SOUTH WALES. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



WEST E1STE HOUSE. 



&. PURSE, 
TAILOR, WOOLLEN DRAPER, 




SYDNEY. 

f 

6 Doors "West of the English, Scottish, and Australian Chartered Bank:. 



ALDERSON & SONS, 

lIMtlAOTffllSlS * mMNtVBBS 

OF 

SADDLERY, 

COACHMAKERS' MATERIALS, 



3STS 3£1 ELIZABETH STREET, 
SYDNEY. 



■ 



) 



SYNOPSIS. 



THE MOST RECENT AND ACCURATE INFORMATION" 

AS TO 

EVERY TOWNSHIP, VILLAGE, AND HAMLET, 
EVERY RIVER, CREEK, MOUNTAIN, LAKE, GOLD PIELD, ROAD, AND RAILWAY IN 
NEW SOUTH WALES, 
WITH ITS BOTANICAL, GEOLOGICAL, AND PHYSICAL FEATURES. 
THE DIVISION OP THE COLONY INTO COUNTIES, AND ELECTORAL, 
POT TCE, PASTORAL, MINING, AND MUNICIPAL DISTRICTS, 
WITH THKiP BOUNDARIES AND STATISTICS. 
THE NAMES, AREAS, OCCUPIERS, POSITIONS, RENTALS, NEW APPRAISEMENTS, 
AND GRAZING CAPABILITY OF THE SQUATTING STATIONS, 
WITH THE BEST MEANS OP REACHING THEM. 
ALSO, PARTICULARS OF THE COAST SURVEY. 
STATISTICS OF THE PORTS, MANUFACTURES, AND AGRICULTURAL, PASTORAL, 
AND MINING (QUARTZ AND ALLUVIAL) PURSUITS. 
CENSUS OF DWELLINGS AND POPULATION, AREAS IN ACREAGE AND MILES, 
AND COMPREHENSIVE AND CORRECT ELECTORAL, MUNICIPAL, ROAD BOARD, AND 
POLICE INFORMATION. 
ALSO, A COMPLETE ROAD ITINERARY, 
SHOWING THE EASIES"" MOST EXPEDITIOUS, AND CHEAPEST METHOD OF TRANSIT 
AND CONVEYANCE OF GOODS TO AND FROM EVERY PLACE IN THE COLONY, 
BY RAIL, COACH, BOAT, DRAY, OR HORSE. 



%ai there iP. P/*H W 
BAILLIEEE'S 

NEW SOUTH WALES GAZETTEER 

AND 

ROAD GUIDE, 

CONTAINING 

THE MUST RECENT AND A CO V KATE INFORM ATI OX 

AS TO 

EVERY PLACE IN THE COLONY. 



COMPILED BY ROHT. P. WHITWOP.THT 



WITH MAP. 



SYDNEY = 

F F. P> A ILLIBR E , GEORGE STREET 

MELBOURNE : 104 COLLINS STREET EAST. 
LONDON: H. BA.ILLIERE, REGENT STREET. 
1 8 6 6. 



1962 



SYDNEY : 



GIBBS, SHALLARD AND CO., 
PRINTERS. 




As in the case of the " Victorian Gazetteer/' but little need be said in the 
form of introduction in presenting the following work to the notice of the 
public. The favourable reception accorded to the former work fully 
justified the publisher and compiler in advancing another step in carrying 
out their original idea of issuing Gazetteers of all the Australian colonies in 
succession. The much larger size of the book, and the addition of a new 
feature, in the form of an index to the names of squatters, will, it is hoped, 
prove the desire of the projectors to omit nothing that can enhance its 
value ; whilst the mass of information will, it is confidently trusted, afford 
to readers an accurate and comprehensive idea of the state — physical, politi- 
cal, and social — of the vast Colony of New South Wales, and of her pro- 
ductions, capabilities, and immense resources. 



* 



EDITOR'S ADDEESS. 



Stimulated to further exertion by the large demand and rapid sale of, 
as well as "by the nattering notices unanimously accorded to, the "Victorian 
Gazetteer," the proprietors of that work, in accordance with their expressed 
intention, lost no time in progressing another step in their original design 
of issuing Gazetteers of the whole of the Australian Colonies, by at once 
commencing that of New South Wales. In doing so, it became necessary 
to face many grave, and, in some instances, discouraging difficulties, which 
had not, to the same extent, stood in the way of the compilation of the Gazet- 
teer of Victoria. In the first place, the greater area of the Colony of New 
South Wales, the longer period of settlement, and, consequently, the infi- 
nitely greater amount of matter to be dealt with, involved considerably 
more outlay, whilst the comparative lack of facilities for travelling into 
the interior of the Colony rendered the necessary information much more 
difficult of attainment. 

It was, at first, intended that the work should be published at the 
beginning of the year, but this intention unforeseen circum stances pre- 
vented. Amongst those circumstances may be mentioned the fact that, 
as the volume progressed, it was found that its bulk would be greater than 
had been anticipated, and that, in order to secure the latest authentic infor- 
mation relating to the pastoral interest, it was necessaiy to wait longer than 
had been provided for. 

It is hoped that the various additions to, and modifications in, the work, 
as compared with that of Victoria, may be found advantageous, experience 
having taught the Editor, as he trusts, the benefit to be derived from their 
adoption. The alphabetical table of pastoral tenants, referring to the stations 
occupied by them, and the naming of the police, as well as of the electoral, 
district, in which each township is situated, may be specially pointed out. The 
geological information, whilst not so full as the Editor could have wished, 
partly in consequence of the difficulty in obtaining reliable information, and 
in part from the limited amount of space which could be afforded it, is, it is 



Editor's Address, 



hoped, sufficiently diffuse for all practical purposes. The portions of the 
Colony appropriated for agricultural purposes have received considerable 
attention, and the condition of the various tracts of land taken up under 
the free selection clauses pf the Land Act (setting aside all reference to the 
policy of that Act), has been fully and fairly stated. Gold, coal, copper, 
and iron mining, have been copiously dealt with, and the latest statistics 
bearing upon them given, so as to show the advancement made in the 
development of the mineral wealth of the Colony. With regard to the 
pastoral interest, the work will be found to contain all the information, 
statistical and otherwise, necessary. Every station, with the district in 
which it is situated, its occupier, area, grazing capability, rental, and (in 
those cases where a new appraisement has been made) new appraisement, 
being given, also, as often as practicable, the nearest post town ; the latest 
official information in this, as in every other part of the work, having been 
taken as a basis. 

As in the case of the " Victorian Gazetteer," it cannot be expected 
but that some errors will have crept into the work, but it is hoped and 
believed that those errors may be unimportant, and such as will not mate- 
rially impair the value of the book. The map given with the work is 
unhesitatingly put forward as authentic, having been corrected by the 
Government of New South Wales up to the latest possible date. 

The Editor, in conclusion, begs to tender his warmest thanks to the 
following gentlemen, who, personally, or by their influence, have aided him in 
the compilation of the work, by affording him information, or by placing 
at his disposal facilities for obtaining it : — The New South Wales Ministry 
generally; W. R Davidson, Esq., Surveyor-General; Major W. H. Christie, 
late Postmaster-General ; A. O. Moriarty, Esq., Chief Commissioner of 
Crown Lands; W. Keene, Esq., Senior Examiner of Coal Fields ; T. J. 
Jacques, Esq., Registrar-General ; and G. R Smalley, Esq., B.A., 
F.RA.S., in particular; and G. Denman, Esq.; J. Field, Esq.; S. R 
McDermott, Esq. ; T. Lewis, Esq., Survey Department; F. Campbell, M.D., 
M.A., M.RC.S., Superintendent Lunatic Asylum, Tarban Creek; W. A. 
Duncan, Esq., Collector of Customs ; his Honor the late Mr. Justice Wise ; 
J. W. A. White, Esq., Narrabri ; R Cousins, Esq., Kelso; the various 
postmasters, and several other gentlemen. 

The following maps and works of reference have been used in the 
compilation of the work : — " The Government Map of New South Wales,'* 
Owen's " Map of New South Wales," Arrowsmith's u Map of New South 



Editor's Address. 



Wales," Lawson and Pearson's " Map of the Riverine District of Aus- 
tralia,'' " The Map of Port Jackson," the County Maps, as issued, Back- 
house's "Australian Colonies," Bennett's "Wanderings in New South 
Wales," Wentworth's " New South Wales,^ Cunningham's " New South 
Wales," Strzelecki's "New South Wales," Hovell and Hume's "Jour- 
ney to Port Phillip," Dr. Lang's " History of New South Wales," 
Mitchell's " Australian Expeditions," " Handbook to Australia," Woods' 
"Australian Expeditions," Flanagan's " New South Wales," Wilkins's 
"Geography of New South Wales," Jevons' " Essay on the Climatology of 
Australia," Well's " Geographical Dictionary of Australia," Clarke's 
"Southern Gold Fields," the metropolitan and provincial journals, and the 
" Government Gazette," Statistical Register, and Parliamentary Papers* 
The Editor, in presenting to the public the result of his labours, which, he 
may be allowed to state, have been protracted and arduous, trusts that the 
indulgence of readers may be extended to any errors or omissions which 
may appear in its pages, and hopes that they may be ascribed rather to the 
many difficulties in the way of obtaining information than to lack of 
diligence or care on his part. 

R. P. WHITWORTH, 

Editor " New South Wales Gazetteer." 

Sydney, 26th March, 1866. 



THE NEW SOUTH WALES GAZETTEER, 

18 6 6. 



[Note. — The following abbreviations are used in this work: — Co. for county ; lat. for 
latitude; long, for longitude ; mag. var '. for magnetic variation ; the initial letters of 
the points of the compass for the bearings ; temp, for temperature ; max. for maxi- 
mum, and min. for minimum. 



ABBOTSFORD STATION (Lachlan district); occupiers, De Sailly, F. and G-. 
P. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The nearest post- 
town is Booligal. Charges, £31. 

ABERBALDIE STATION (New England district); area, 17,920 acres; oc- 
cupier, Scott, John ; grazing capability, 8,000 sheep. The old charges were £80 ; the 
recently appraised rental, £112. 

ABERCROMBIE (Co. Georgiana) is the name of an alluvial gold workings 
situated on the Abercrombie river, and lying 14 miles N. of the village of Bigga. 
Metamorphic slate, and granite. 

ABERCROMBIE RIVER (Co. Georgiana) is an important auriferous stream 
rising by two heads in mount Werong, and flowing by a devious course in a general 
N.W. direction about 90 miles through rugged scrubby country, with occasional 
wooded ranges and grassy downs, into the Lachlan river, about 16 miles E. of Cowra. 
It flows through much fine pastoral country and several patches of good agricultural 
ground taken up by settlers. Its upper portion is in the county of Georgiana, and 
its lower separates that county from that of Bathurst. The Abercrombie flows 
through the township of Bombah and the Tuena gold fields, also through the villages 
of Bunmango, Bingham, Cullalong, and Crabine. It is crossed by the road from 
Bathurst to Tuena and Binda, at Bombah, that from Bathurst to Bolong at the Tambo- 
rambora ford, about 10 miles N. of the latter place, and that from Bathurst to Goul- 
burn, via Tarlo, about 16 miles from its source. The Abercrombie is fed by the Bolong 
river and the Burra-Burra, Isabella, Cook's Vale, Tuena, Thompson's, Copperhania, 
Blackman's or West Branch, Rocky Bridge, Piesley's and Davis creeks. This stream 
has generally a stony bottom, and its flood waters remain nearly perfectly clear. The 
geological formation is micaceous schist, with bars of trap and granite. 

ABERDEEN, 32° 12' S. lat., 150° 58' E. long. (Co. Brisbane), is a borough postal 
township in the parish of Russell, electoral district of the Upper Hunter, and police 
district of Scone. It is situated on the E. bank of the Hunter river, 160 miles N. of 
Sydney, on the main line of road between Musclebrook and Scone. The Page 
river flows 5 miles N.E. of the township, and Dartbrook about 3^ miles S. ; on the 
W. , about 8 miles distant, lies a large mountain called Gallagher's mountain ; on the 
N., about 3 miles distant, is the Sugar Loaf ; 6 miles E. is the Samson range ; and 
2 miles S. the Bill's mountain. The district is a pastoral one, with some good flats of 
cultivation ground. On the W. bank of the river is the Blairmore estate, which 
covers an area of 3000 acres of excellent grass and cultivation land. It consists 
principally of an alluvial flat. There is a steam flour mill in the township, not work- 
ing as such at present, but engaged by Mr. Hopkins as a cordial manufactory. The 
Denison diggings lie 40 miles N. of the township. The nearest places to Aberdeen 
are Mugclebrook (the nearest telegraph station on the Great Northern road, about 74 
miles S. ), and Scone 7^ miles N. ; with both places, there is communication by mail 
coach daily. With Sydney, 160 miles S.E., the communication is by coach to Single- 

B 



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The yew South Wales Gazetteer. [Abe — Ade 



ton, thence by rail to Newcastle, and thence hy steamer. Aberdeen has a post office 
and lockup in the township, also a good store, and one hotel — the Australian inn. The 
surrounding country is very mountainous, with many large flats of excellent alluvial 
soil suitable for agricultural pursuits. The geological formation is micaceous con- 
glomerate, comprising granite and felsparic trap, with many quartz ridges. The 
population numbers about 100 persons. 

ABERFOIL STATION [New England district) ; occupier, Clarke, R. N. ; area, 
70,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old charges, £250 ; new appraise- 
ments, £249 10s. 

ABERF0YLE RIVER {Co. Gresham) is a W. tributary of the 'Guy Fawkes 
river, rising in Chandler's peak and flowing N.E. through rugged pastoral country, 
well timbered with cedar and other valuable trees. It is fed by the Boundary and 
Bullock creeks. Sandstone and shales. 

ABEEXxLASLYXT {Co. Northumberland) is an agricultural settlement lying on 
he S. bank of the Hunter river, about 4 miles W. of W. Maitland. There are 
veral fine alluvial flats on the river, taken up by small settlers. Sandstone. 

ABINGDON STATION [New England District); area, 76,800 acres ; occupiers, 
Morse and Brothers ; grazing capability, 12,000 sheep. The old charges were £120; 
the recently appraised rental, £162. 

ACACIA CBEEK STATION {Clarence district) ; occupiers, Reid and Marsh ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4,000 sheep. Old charges, £31 ; new appraise- 
ments, £85. 

ADAMINIBY [Co. Wallace). See SeYMOTJB, 

ADAMINDAMY STATION [Monaro district) ; occupier, Cosgrove, John ; 
area, 11,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1,000 head of cattle. Charges, £86 17s. 6cL 

ADAM ISLAND {Co. Clarence). See Harwood Islands. 

ADAM'S PEAK {Co. Northumberland) is a high point in the Hunter range, in 
the parish of Dalton, and on the W. bank of the Wollombi brook, near the junction 
of Drew's creek, and about 5 miles S. of Broke. The country is rugged and scrubby. 
Sandstone. 

ADELONG, 151° 19 s S. lat., 148° & E. long. {Co. Wynyard), is a postal mining 
township in the parish of Adelong and electoral and police districts of the Tumut, 
being the chief town of the Adelong goldfields. It is situated on the Adelong creek, 
the Murrmnbidgee river being 15 miles N., and the Nackie-Nackie creek 7 miles W. 
The district is a mining one, quartz and alluvial, the former being worked on 
numerous reefs in the neighbourhood, and the latter for 20 miles upwards along the 
banks of the creek. The principal diggings in the locality are Sawyers, 10 miles dis- 
tant, alluvial ; and Sharp's creek, alluvial and quartz, 8 miles distant. There are 3 
crushing-machines in or near the township ; also, a flour mill ; all worked by water 
power. The nearest places are Gundagai, 24 miles N.E., and Tumut, 12 miles S.E. 
A mail runs thrice a week to Tumut and Gundagai, and the communication with 
Sydney is by cross road to the Adelong crossing place, 12 miles distant on the great 
Southern-road, and then by the mail coach to Picton, whence trains run several times 
a day. The total distance is 252 miles. There is a benevolent asylum, kept up by 
private subscription aided by Government. There is a post and money order office, 
a court house, and a branch" of the New South Wales, and agency of the City Bank. 
The nearest telegraph station is at Tumut. The hotels are the Commercial, Pride of 
Galway, Adelong, and Star. There is an odd fellows' lodge in the township (Golden Age 
lodge). The surrounding country consists of elevated ranges of hills, running from N. to 
S. There is not much land available for agricultural purposes, and the geological 
formation is granitic, with numerous quartz reefs breaking through. On one of the 
ranges lying to the W. of the township is a large bed of slate visible, with distinct 
cleavage N. and S. The population of the township numbers about 400 settled in- 
habitants. 

ADELONG CREEK {Co. Wynyard) is an important auriferous stream, rising in 
the N. slope of Moore's range, and flowing N. about 45 miles through the Adelong 
gold fields and the township of Adelong. To the N. of the latter it expands into a 



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3 



large swampy lagoon about 6 miles in length. This creek is worked from about 30 
miles from its source to its fall into the Murrumbidgee. It is crossed by the maia 
Sydney and Melbourne road (via Albury) and the branch road to Adelong and Tumut. 
It falls into the Murrumbidgee river about 5 miles S. W. of Gundagai. It is fed by the 
Hindinarsh, Wondalga, and Black creeks. There is little or no agricultural ground 
on this creek until below the swamp above named, but after that the land on both 
sides the creek is taken up by numerous settlers, chiefly for small farms, many of 
them of less than 100 acres. The largest purchased land owners are the Messrs. 
Stuckey and the Messrs. Johnson. The geological formation consists chiefly of 
metamorphic slate, and clay shales with granite, and occasional beds of limestone. 

ADELONG CROSSING PLACE {Go. Wynyard) is a postal township in the 
electoral and police districts of Tumut, situated on the Adelong Creek, distant 3 miles 
from its junction with the Murrumbidgee river, and on the main Southern road 7 
miles S.W. from Gundagai, Tumut being S. 57° E. 164 miles, and Adelong S. 24° E. 
12 miles distant. Mount Minjary bears S. 60° E. 10 miles, and Snow hill 6 miles 
distant in the same direction. The district is agricultural, pastoral, and mining, the 
latter, both quartz and alluvial, being carried on at the Adelong diggings, 12 miles S.E. 
There is a horse mail to Tumut thrice a week and a coach (Cobb's) daily, via Gunda- 
gai to Picton, the communication with Sydney being thence by rail, and the entire 
distance 250 miles. There is one hotel and coach and post office, the " Home" (J. Be 
Faye's). The surrounding country is generally hilly and elevated, there being ex- 
tensive alluvial cultivation flats in the neighbourhood along the banks of the Mur- 
rumbidgee river. The geological formation is mostly granitic and trappean. The 
population is small and scattered. 

ADSLONGr GOLD-FIELD {Co. Wynyard) is a vast tract of auriferous country 
lying to the S. of the Murrumbidgee river and along the course of the Adelong creek 
and the W. bank of the Tumut river. It comprises the upper, middle, and lower 
Adelong and the Gilmore gold-fields, and is both quartz and alluvial. The quantity 
of gold received by escort from the Adelong gold-fields during the year 1864 was 
18,720 ozs., which at £3 17s. 8d. per oz. was of the total value of £72,696 
19s. 7d. 

ADELONG - STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Johnston, Daviit ; 
estimated area, 6,000 acres ; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Adelong. The old charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental 
is £20. 

ADG0MAN PLAINS STATION [Gwydir district) ; area, 51,200 acres ; occupier, 
Blake, Andrew ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £50 ; 
the recently appraised rental, £60. 

ADICUMBENE STATION (Monaro district); occupiers, Rourke and Delaney; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 head of cattle. Charges, £25. 

ADINE MOUNT {Go. Cook) is a lofty peak of the Blue mountain range, attain- 
ing an elevation of 3736 feet above the level of the sea. Sandstone. 

ADJTJNGBILLI CREEK {Co, Buccleuyh) is an E. tributary of the Tumut 
river, rising in mount Tumorrama by several heads, and flowing N. W. about 36 miles 
through rough pastoral country. It is fed by the Irish, Oaks, Spring, Sandy, Paddy's 
Rock, and Blind creeks. This creek falls into the Tumut river, near its junction, 
with the Murrumbidgee, and crosses the road from Coolac to Tumut at its confiuen-e, 
where there are rapids known as the Sandy falls. There is but little agricultural 
land on this creek, that little being in the parish of Darbalaba at its mouth Granit e, 
trap rock, and limestone. 

ADJEHBILLY (or Bogojtgo) STATION (Murrumbidgee district); occupier, 
Smith, W. R. ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The nearest pt st 
town is Tumut. Charges, £117. 

ADJ0MING TALB0T0NG STATION (Wellington district); area, 16,000 
acres ; occupier, Lee, William ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The oil 
charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental, £60. 

JELLALONG [Co. Northumberland.) See Ellalong. 



4 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



[Ail — Alb 



AILS A {Co. Bligh) is a small agricultural harulet in the police district of 
Cassilis ; it is situated on the Kriui river, 117 miles N.W. of Maitland, and 16 miles 
E. of Cassilis. Sandstone. 

AINSLIE MOUNT ( Co. Murray ) is a lofty peak on the Limestone plains, at 
the head of M'Laughlins creek, and about 8 miles 1ST. of Queanbeyan. It attains an 
elevation of 500 feet above the level of the surrounding plain. Granite and lime- 
stone. 

AIRDS {Co. Cumberland) is the name of one of the original districts of the county 
of Cumberland, bounded on the N.W. side by Bunbury Curran creek, Minto, and 
Upper Minto districts ; on the W. side by the Nepean river to a small rocky creek ; 
on the S. by that creek to the N.W. corner of Woodhouse's farm, and from thence, 
in an E. line, to George's river ; on the E. by George's river. 

AITKEN'S FLAT STATION (New England district); occupier, Bowman, 
George ; area, 51,200 acres ; grazing capability, 920 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £120 ; the recently appraised rental £80. 

ALBEMARLE AND HENLEY OUTER STATION Colbert district); occu- 
pier, Phelps, Joseph, jun. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. 
Charges, £30 10s. 

ALBEMARLE STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Phelps, Joseph, jun. ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £34. 

ALBEMARLE E. BLK. C. STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Phelps, 
J. J. ; area, 64, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, uncertain. 

ALBEMARLE E. BLK. D. STATION (Barling district) ; occupier, Hogg, 
Edward James ; area, 64, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
uncertain. 

ALBERT DISTRICT is a squatting district lying in the N.W. corner of the 
colony. It comprises a vast extent of country, much of which is, however, unavail- 
able. It is mostly flat, consisting of immense sandy plains, almost totally devoid of 
water. In the E. part are the Darling and Paroo rivers, on which are numerous 
stations, and in the W. are the Barrier and Grey ranges, whence flow several small 
streams. Albert does not contain any townships, the nearest post offices being at 
Menindie and Bourke. This district contains an area of 30,000 square miles, and 
grazes 6S5 horses, 21,475 horned cattle, and 361,517 sheep. It has a population of 
238 persons. Pliocene tertiary. 

ALBERT TOWN (Co. Cumberland) is a township reserve in the parish of Wil- 
loughby, on Middle Harbour, Port J ackson. 

ALBERT WATERHOLE STATION (Wellington district); occupier, Pittman, 
W. J. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £25. 

ALBI0K PARK (Co. Camden) is the name given to an agricultural and pastoral 
district in the electoral district of Kiama. Albion park is the name which was given 
to that portion of Illawarra at the time the estate of Mr. Terry Hughes was sold 5 
years ago ; it is situated near the Macquarie river, the only stream of importance in 
the neighbourhood. There are no large mountains in the immediate locality. Lake 
Illawarra lies H miles N.E. from the centre of the district. There are no mills or 
manufactories in the neighbourhood. The nearest places are Shellharbour, 5 miles E. ; 
Jamberoo, 6 miles S. ; and Dapto, 7 miles N. With these places there is com muni - 
cation by the mail car every day except Sunday. The nearest telegraph station 
is Kiama, 10 miles S., and the communication with Sydney is either from that 
place by steamer, or by coach to Wollongong, 16 miles N., and thence by steamer, 
or mail coach and rail, per Appin and Campbelltown, the total distance being 
72 miles. There is one hotel, the Albion Park, whence a dray and spring con- 
veyance start for Wollongong on Tuesday and Thursday. Albion park is under 
the control of the Shellharbour road board. The surrounding district consists of 
rich flats, with occasional spurs running up towards the Illawarra ranges to the W. 
The whole of the district is bounded on that side by high table land. Albion park 
is a rapidly improving locality of very recent formation ; it has now two stores, a 



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The New South Wales Gazetteer: 



5 



good hotel, a post office, and a thriving population of about 1000 persons. The 
^geological formation is chiefly carboniferous sandstone. 

ALBURY, 36° 5' S. lat., 146° 55' E. long., mag. var. 10° 30' {Co. Goulburn), is 
an important border town and crossing place into the colony of Victoria, in the 
parish of Albury, electoral district of the Hume, and police district of Albury. It 
is situated on the Murray river, and on the Bungambrawatha creek, and is on the 
main road from Sydney to Melbourne, 351 miles S. from the former, and 205 miles 
N.E. from the latter place. The Bowna creek is distant 12 miles N.E., the Mountain 
creek 24 miles N. E. , the Ten-Mile creek 40 miles N. N. E. , and the Billabong creek, 40 
miles X. The Black Range mountains are 5 miles distant N. , and the Table Tod 
mountain 16 miles N. The district is agricultural, pastoral, and mining, the latter 
both quartz and alluvial, the nearest diggings being the Black Range diggings, 5 miles, 
and the Nail Can diggings, 5 miles ; at these diggings a 20-horse power quartz 
crushing machine is in course of erection. In the township there are 2 steam flour 
mills and a brewery, all in work. The nearest places are Howlong, 20 miles, and 
Corowa, 40 miles W., both on the Murray river; Bowna, 12 miles; Woomargama 
and Germanton on the Sydney road; and Tumberumba, 85 miles N.E., on the 
Upper Murray. These places are reached, those on the Murray by river steamers, 
and the others by the mail coach. The communication with Sydney, 351 miles N., 
is by mail coach to Picton, and thence by rail. Albury has a fine commodious 
hospital, a mechanics' institute and library, a good national school, and three 
places of worship. There are branches of the Commercial, City, and New South 
Wales Banks, and the European, Sydney, Liverpool and London and Globe, and 
Australian Mutual Insurance Companies in the township, also a post and money order 
•office, a telegraph office, and a district and petty and quarter sessions courts. 
The hotels are the Imperial, Exchange, Globe, Royal, Horse and Jockey, Hume, 
Rose, Sportsman's Arms, Bridge, and Empire, the booking office for coaches being at 
the Exchange and Horse and Jockey, whence passengers and parcels are transmitted 
to all parts of New South Wales and Victoria. There are 2 newspapers published in 
the township, the Albury Banner and the Border Fust. Albury was proclaimed 
a miinicipality on the 4th June, 1859. The surrounding country is exceedingly 
diversified, consisting of flat and undulating plains, and rugged, precipitous, 
and well timbered ranges. The Table Top mountain is especially picturesque. 
A large quantity of land surrounding the township, particularly to the N.E., 
is taken up in small allotments as agricultural farms, about 50,000 acres having 
been taken up under the Free Selection Act. About 200 acres is under culture 
as vineyard land, the wine manufactured from the grapes growing in the neigh- 
bourhood having taken prizes at the Great Exhibition of 1861. A considerable 
quantity of tobacco is grown in the district, the cultivation of that plant having 
recently created much attention, and the soil and climate both being favorable 
to its successful growth. Albury has a fine piece of land reserved as a public 
botanical garden, in which a monument to Mr. Hamilton Hume, of the Hovell and 
Hume exploration, in commemoration of the discovery of the Upper Murray river, 
has been erected. There is a Masonic lodge (Hume lodge, 909 E.G.), and an Oddfel- 
lows' lodge in the town. There is also a good racecourse and a cricket club. The 
population of the municipality numbers about 2000 persons. Mean shade temperature, 
49° ; mean max. , 74° ; mean min. , 48° 9' ; depth of rain, 35. 5 inches. Mortality in 
registration district, 1 in 76. The geological formation of the surrounding country 
is generally schistose, with granite and winstone (trap) cropping out towards the 
summits of the ranges. 

Albury police district embraces part of the pastoral district of Murrumbiclgee, 
-and bounded on the south by the boundary between New South Wales and Victoria, 
being the Indi river, downwards, from its source in the great dividing range to its 
•confluence with the river Murray, and by the Murray, downward, to a point south of 
Werinmunah, or Woore's hill; on the west by a line "north to Woore's hill, and thence 
by a direct line, northerly, to the confluence of the Colombo and Billabong creeks, 
including the whole of Atkins's run on the Billabong ; on the north by the boundary 
line between those runs fronting on the Billabong creek, and those fronting on the 
Cookejedong creek, the Urana lake, Urana and L T rangeline creeks, and on to Wollan- 
doon hill, thence by the leading range round the southern sources of the Urangeline 
creek, and the range dividing the Mittagong and Yerong creeks, from Doodle Swamp 



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[Alg — Alu 



falls and Buckargina falls, until that range joins the main range, hetween the Murray 
and Murruinbidgee, thence by that range, easterly, until it joins the great dividing 
range ; and on the east by that range, southerly, to that source of the Indi river 
which divides the colonies of New South Wales and Victoria aforesaid. The places 
of petty sessions in this district are Albury, Meragle, Tumberumba, and Corowa. 

ALGGMERA CEEEK (Co. Dudley) is a small S. tributary of the Nambucca 
river, flowing through good swampy cedar country. Sandstone. 

ALICE (Co. Diake) is a small agricultural village, situated at the junction of the 
Alice creek with the Clarence river, and about 16 miles S. of Tabulam, on the road 
to Grafton. Sandstone. 

ALICE CEEEK (Co. Richmond) is a small E. tributary of the Clarence river,, 
falling into it at the township of Alice. Volcanic trap rock and limestone. 

ALLAN'S CEEEK {Co. Fitzroy) is a small E. tributary of the Don Dorrigo 
river. Sandstone. 

ALX0NAYONYIGA CEEEK {Co. Argyle) is a small stream rising in the 
W. slope of the Australian Alps, and flowing S.W. about 8 miles through fertile 
country into the E. of Lake George. It is crossed by the road from Goulburn to 
Bungendore. 

ALIGNAYOKYIGA MOUNT (Co. Argyle) is a peak of the Australian 
Alps, lying N E. of Kenny's point on lake George, about 2 miles distant. It runs in 
a S. E. direction, and attains an altitude of 1500 feet above the level of the bed of the 
lake. The geological formation is red, white, and yellow sandstone, the latter good 
for building purposes. 

ALLEN'S CEEEK (Co. Hardinge, New England district) is a small E. tributary 
of the Gwydir river, crossing the road from Bendemeer to Inverell. Hornblendic 
granite. 

ALL JOE'S CEEEK (Co. Townsend), a small aim of the Edward river, at 
Deniliquin. It is bordered by sparse box, cherry tree, and gum forest. .Alluvial and 
nuviatile drift over older pliocene beds. 

ALLFCTJ CEEEK (Co. Clara ee) is a small S. tributary of the Clarence river, 
flowing through good agricultural land into the main stream at S. Grafton. Sand- 
stone and shales. 

ALLYN, MOUNT (Co. Durham) is a peak of the Mount Eoyal range, at the 
head of the Allyn river, and about 16 miles N. of the village of Eccleston. Sand- 
stone. 

ALLYN RIVER (Co. Durham) is a branch of the Paterson river, rising in the 
Mount Boyal range and flowing S. into the main stream through Eccleston. It is fed 
by Lewin's brook. Sandstone and metamorphic slate. 

ALMA STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Bald, Geo. T. ; area, 128,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4,000 sheep. The nearest post town is Booligal. 
Charges, £30. 

ALMA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, De Sailly, F. and G. P. ; area,. 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4,000 sheep. The nearest post town is Booligal. 
Charges, £31. 

ALMA NO. 1 STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Brougham, John ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Booli- 
gaL Charges, £32. 

ALMA NO. 8 STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Brougham, John ; area, 
25,600 acres ; grazing capability, 4,000 sheep. The nearest post town is Booligal.. 
Charges, £32. 

ALNWICK (Co. Durham) is a small agricultural village, lying near the town- 
ship of Eaymond terrace. Carbonaceous sandstone, the coal lying in well defined 
strata. 

ALUM CEEEK (Co. Clarence) is a small N. tributary of the Clarence river, 
flowing through good agricultural land into the main stream at Grafton. Sandstone and 
shales. 



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7 



ALUM CREEK (Co. Cowley) is a small tributary of the Upper Murrumbidgee 
river, rising in the rugged E. slope of mount Phillips, and flowing S.E. about 10 miles 
through rough but richly-grassed and well-timbered country. The geological forma- 
tion is granitic and basaltic, the former slightly hornblendic and schistose. Below 
Mondegong the creek passes through a series of gullies of slate and quartz, in which 
the rocks are full of undulations ; alum effloresces in the crevices of the blue slates, 
giving the name to the creek. 

AMERICAN CREEK {Co. Camden) is a beautiful stream, flowing from the 
Coast range, opposite Wollongong. It is celebrated for the kerosene works which 
have recently teen established on its banks, a short description of which may not be 
out of place. The American creek kerosene works, the property of Mr. John Graham, 
of Sydney, are situated in the district of Illawarra, lying due west from Wollongong 
about six miles, and are at an elevation of 520 feet above the sea level. The kerosene 
shale is cropping out of the side of the mountain range, and has been known to exist 
there for about twelve years. By the recent discoveries in mineral oil, attention was 
drawn to this mineral about six months since, and Mr. Graham having had it tested, 
found it contained kerosene oil in large quantity, the net amount of which has not as 
yet been properly ascertained. About the middle of July, 1865, Mr. Graham com- 
menced operations, by driving two adits — or drives — of 8 feet wide, to ascertain the 
quantity and quality of the shale ; and being satisfied on this point, works were com- 
menced on or about the 1st of August, for the purpose of producing kerosene oil — ■ 
since which time active operations have been carried on. At an elevation of about 25 
feet above the kerosene works rests the bed of shale, and is 1 feet 9 inches thick. 
The first or upper 3 inches is very poor in oil, and will probably not pay for working ; 
but as it comes out in large pieces will answer well for chimney pieces, washstands, 
dressing tables, and many articles of furniture for which marble is used and it only 
requires to be known to be appreciated ; the remaining 18 inches is rich in oil, 
increasing as it descends. Its specific gravity is greater than common coal, weigh- 
ing 88 lbs. to the cubic foot, or over 21 cwt. to the cubic yard ; and, as there are 
4,844 square yards to an acre, 1 acre contains about 2,550 tons of oil bearing shale, 
and as it has already been proved that it contains 50 gallons to the ton, the net 
produce of one acre will be 127,500 gallons. Underneath the oil shale is a black 
shale 2 feet 6 inches thick, which is filled with smooth joinings, and comes down in 
squares or diamond form ; this has to be removed, when the oil shale is taken down 
with wedges and iron bars in large sheets from three to nine inches thick. . As it will 
require about 12 tons per week of common coal to carry on the operations, an adit 
or drive has been made into a seam of anthracite coal, which is about 70 feet above 
the kerosene. The drive is made about 7 feet high and 7 feet wide. The entire 
seam is about 15 feet thick. The drive is at present about 15 yards, and the coal is 
beginning to assume a good appearance. The works are being erected by Mr. Robert 
Longmore ; and the working, when complete, will be under the superintendence of Mr. 
Hammel, a gentleman of considerable experience in the business. 

AMY0T (or Cameebeedaxg) MOUNT {Co. Ashburnham) is a lofty mountain 
lying between Goobang creek and the Lachlan river. From its summit an extensive 
view may be obtained over the vast tract of country known as Hamilton's plains and 
Princess Charlotte's crescent. Metamorphic slate and sandstone. 

ANA BRANCH (Co. Courullie, Gwydir district) is a watercourse, conveying the 
overflowof the lower end of the Gwydir river into the Goonul swamp, and flowing 
through good pastoral country. Granite with alluvial drift. 

ANA BRANCH CREEK (Co. Wentworth, Barling district) is a W. mouth of 
the Darling river, having also tributary drainage from Hawdon's plains on the N.W. 
of the township of Wentworth. There is also another small creek of the same name 
near Mount Thorlabool, on the W. bank of the Darling, about 100 miles below Fort 
Bourke, falling into that river. Older pliocene. 

ANA BRANCH EAST STATION (Albert district) ■ occupier, Crozier, John ; 
area, 53,760 acres ; grazing capability, 1,000 head of cattle. The nearest post town 
is Wentworth. Charges, £95 15s. 

ANA BRANCH STATION [Albert district) ■ occupier, Crozier, John ; area, 
38,400 acres ; grazing capability, 6,000 sheep. The nearest post town is Wentworth. 
Charges, £187. 



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[Ana — Aps 



ANALARRA STATION {Albert district) ; occupiers, Jamieson, H. and B. ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4,000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

ANDERSON'S CREEK {Co. Murchison, Gwydir district) is a small N. tri- 
butary of the Cobbadah creek. Upper palaeozoic. 

ANEMB0 STATION (Monaro district); occupier, Harnett, Maurice; area, 
38,000 acres ; grazing capability, 5,000 sheep. Charges, £120. 

ANG0TJRIE POINT {Co. Clarence) is a small rocky headland on the coast, 
lying about 4 miles S. of the entrance to the Clarence river. Sandstone. 

ANGTJLA CREEK {Co. Murchison, Gwydir district), is a small S. auriferous 
tributary of the Gwydir river flowing in the Bingara gold fields. The geological 
formation is upper palaeozoic, connected with serpentine charged with chromate of 
iron, and affected by greenstone diorite. 

ANNO VALE STATION {Lachlan District) ; occupier, Campbell, W. D. ; area, 
26, 880 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £25 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £37. 

ANN RIVER ( Co. G-resham) is an auriferous stream, flowing through the Oban 
diggings, in a N. E. direction into the Sara river. Quartz and sandstone. 

ANTILL'S CREEK {Co. Murrray), a small drainage creek, flowing N.W. in 
the S. part of the Molonglo plains into the Primrose Valley creek. Limestone. 

ANTONIO CREEK {Co. Westmoreland) is a small S. tributary of the Solitary 
creek, rising in the E. slope of the Blue mountain range, S. of mount Lambie, and 
flowing N.N.W. along the foot of the range, through rugged country across the old 
road from Hartley to Bathurst. Sandstone and limestone formation. 

ANVIL CREEK {Co. Northumberland) is a small E. tributary of Black Creek, 
flowing through the village of Greta, into the main stream near the main N. road. 
Sandstone, with fine beds of excellent coal, second to none in the country, and being 
worked profitably. 

A0TEA STATION {Lachlan District) ; occupier, Broderibb, Wm. Adam ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

APPIN {Co. Cumberland) is a small postal township in the parish of Appin, 
electoral district of Narellan, and police district of Campbelltown. It is situated at 
King's s, at the spot where the Tuggerah creek crosses the Illawarra road, about 
45 miles S.S.W. of Sydney, and 10 miles S. of Campbelltown ; the communication is 
by coach to the latter place, and thence by rail to Sydney. Appin is a pleasant little 
roadside township, containing 2 hotels, and a small and scattered population of agri- 
cultural farmers. The country is undulating, and well timbered, and the soil suitable 
to the growth of all kinds of farm produce. 

APPIN is one of the original districts of the county of Cumberland, bounded on 
the E. by George's river; on the N. by the district of Airds ; on the W. by the 
Nepean river to the eastern branch thereof ; and on the S. by the east of Cataract 
river, a branch of the Nepean river, to the point crossed by the Illawarra road. 

APPLETREE HILL {Co. Waljeers) is a low hill, covered with stunted timber, 
and lying to the N. W. of Oxley, on the lower Lachlan. Pliocene tertiary. 

APSLEY (or Bathurst) FALLS {Co. Vernon) is a tremendous waterfall on the 
Apsley river, about 16 miles S.E. of Walcha, and on the E. side of the road from that 
place to port Macquarie. This waterfall was discovered by Oxley on his second 
journey, and is described by him as being the finest cataract of those found in the 
district ; surpassing all the others in splendour and magnificence. At this spot the 
mountains seem cleft in twain, and divided to their very foundations. A ledge of 
rocks, two or three feet above the level of the other side, divide the waters into two, 
which falling over a perpendicular rock 240 feet high, forms a grand cascade. At a 
distance of 300 yards from the fall, the party were wetted by the spray, which arose 
like a small rain from the bottom. The noise was deafening, and if the river had been 
full, so as to cover its entire bed. would have been much more grand and sublime. 
But thi3 was not the whole of its beauty and sublimity. Oxley and his men looked 
down upon a series of falls, rapids, and cascades, which made the windings of the 



Aps — Ara] 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



9 



stream seem now frosted — and again, like burnished silver. After the first fall, the 
water wound through the cleft rocks for about 400 yards, and then fell again about 
100 feet in a single sheet. It then continued in a succession of smaller falls, about a 
quarter of a mile lower, where the cliffs were of perpendicular height, on either side 
exceeding 1000 feet, and only about 200 yards wide. From thence the stream descended 
as a fall, and is then lost to view, because of the narrowness and depth of the gullies 
through which it ran. What gave the scene a more romantic aspect was, that the rocks 
were all in stratas, whose grey or blue colour made the dark chasms much more sombr 
in character. They were divided by jagged refts, which would seem almost to fit into 
each other if they were joined again. The whole country has undergone changes 
which give it a jjeculiar character, and no one can dismiss from his mind the impres- 
sion, when gazing on the wild confusion with which the rocks are piled, that these 
changes have been of a very violent character. The geological formation is of hard 
altered sandstone. 

APSLEY MOUNT DIGGINGS (Co. Bathurst) is a small gold working, lying 
about 1 mile E. of Evans's plains. 

APSLEY RANGE (Co. Hawes) is a chain of lofty and extremely rugged 
mountains, spurring to the E. from the New England range, near Walcha. The 
highest peak attains an elevation of 3800 feet above sea level. Oxley, who discovered 
these mountains in his second journey, describes them as broken into perpendicular 
rocky ridges, and divided by deep and impassable gorges, the precipices abutting on 
fine open forest land with good soil. He describes one ravine as being from one to two 
hundred feet wide at the bottom, whilst its separation at the outer edges was from 
two to three miles. It was 3000 feet deep, and fissured by enormous glens and rifts, 
timbered with gum and she-oak. Hard altered sandstone. 

APSLEY RIVER, (Co. Vernon) is a noble stream rising near the Basaltic Column 
in the New England range, and flowing N. about 20 miles, when, at the township of 
Walcha, through which it passes, it takes an E. and S.E. direction to its junction 
with the Tia river, about 20 miles further, when it flows in a N. direction into the 
Macleay river. There are several fine waterfalls on this river, (See Apsley falls) and 
its course is through deep defiles and stupendous chasms ; its bed, in one part, being 
thus described by Oxley, who discovered it in his second journey, on the 15th Sep- 
tember, 1818 : — " This tremendous ravine runs nearly N. and S. ; its breadth at the 
bottom does not apparently exceed 100 or 200 feet, whilst the separation of the outer 
edges is from two to three miles. In perpendicular depth it exceeds 3000 feet. The 
slopes from the edges were so steep, and covered with loose stones, that any attempt 
to descend them, even on foot, was impracticable." The Apsley is fed by numerous 
streams, the principal of which are the Tia river, and the Swampy, Ohio, Mylady, 
Emu, Stony, Tiarra, Wilson's, Trinidad, Peter's, 'and Yarro witch creeks. The whole 
of the district is thickly overgrown with gigantic timber and shrubs, and creeping 
vines. Granite and dark blue slate. 

A&TJILA MOUNT (Co. Wellington) is a peak in an E. spur of the 'Stony creek 
range, lying at the head of the Muckerwa creek, and 3 miles E. of the Iron Balk 
diggings. Metamorphic slate and granite. 

ABAAL STATION ( Darling district) ; occupier, McKenzie, Donald ; area, 32,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Euston. Charges, 
£31. 

ARABLE CREEK (Co. Wallace) is a small tributary of the Wullwye river, falling 
into it near Wullwye hill. Trap rock. 

ARABLE HILL (Co. Beresfonl). See Arapool Hill. 

ARABLE STATION (Mpnaro district) ; occupier, Hamilton, Alexander ; area, 
22,677 acres ; grazing capabilitv, 1000 sheep. The nearest post town is Cooma. 
Charges, £150. 

ARALUEN, 35° 40' S. lat., 149° 44' E. long. (Co. SU Vincent), is a postal 
mining township, in the parish of Araluen and electoral and police districts of Braid- 
wood. It is situated in the valley of the Araluen creek, immediately behind a high 
table land, and on the W. slope of the hill, and is surrounded on all sides by the high 
mountains of the coast range. The district is an alluvial mining one, and comprises 
the whole extent of the Araluen valley, which runs in a N. N. W. and S. S. E. direction 



10 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Ara — Arc 



for a distance of about 16 miles, there being the Upper, Lower, Waterfall, Crown Flat, 
and Mudmalong, and several other diggings in its course. Most of these workings are 
on private land, the mining being carried on upon the co-operative system, by means 
of stripping the ground to the auriferous bottom, and washing the dirt in paddocks, 
engines being used to pump the water from the paddocks. There is supposed to be a 
vein or lead of gold having an eccentric course, and running through the valley, the 
width of the wash dirt averaging about 130 feet, and the depth being about four feet 
on the average. In some cases, when the depth from the surface to the wash dirt is 
greater, tunnelling has been resorted to, but, from the friable nature of the ground, 
it requires to be carefully slabbed and propped. The yield of gold of late has 
been somewhat over 1200 ozs. weekly, which gives about an ounce to a man, the 
number of miners being about 1200, inclusive of 100 Chinamen in the old workings 
between Crown flat and Mudmalong. In the township of Araluen there is one saw 
mill at work, and a brewery of hop beer has lately been established. The nearest 
places are Major's creek, 4 miles, and Braidwood 16 miles distant. To these places 
there are no regular means of conveyance, and the roads are exceedingly heavy and 
rugged. The means of communication with Sydney, 201 miles N., are by coach from 
Braidwood to Picton, and thence by rail, the journey taking about 28 hours, or by 
coach direct to Nelligen, and thence by steamer, in about 24 hours. There is a post 
office, a telegraph station, a coach office for the Nelligen coach, a Freemasons' 
and two Odd Fellows' lodges in the town. The township consists of one long 
street, there being about 7 miles of residences, more or less scattered, in which 
there are 28 hotels and public houses. There is a branch of the A. J. S. bank, 
and a good racecourse. The surrounding country is exceedingly mountainous, the 
town being very difficult of access. Fish is brought from Moruya, a seaside town 
30 miles distant, over heavy mountain horse tracks. There are a few stations in the 
neighbourhood, and in some small patches of good agricultural land attention is being 
directed to the cultivation of the vine, there being about 4 acres taken up for its 
growth, and promising well. The flat below Araluen is supposed to have been, at one 
time, a lake, there being no fewer than seven alternations of sand and clay deposits on a 
small creek at its entrance into the valley, and from its being, until recently, overgrown 
with reeds. The population of Araluen numbers about 3500 persons. The geological 
formation of the valley in which the town is situated is highly micaceous sandstone, 
with steep spurs of hardened bands of quartzose or porphyrinic rock, having veins 
of trap running from the ranges of hornblendic granite, passing into syenite and por- 
phyry, in which the proportion of quartz is remarkable, which border the valley. 
The depth of this valley, from the summit of the mountain to the bottom of the creek, 
is 2006 feet. 

ARALUEN CREEK {Go. St. Vincent) is an important auriferous tributary of 
the Moruya river, rising near the township of Elrington, and flowing through the 
rugged and precipitous valley of the Araluen diggings in a S.E. direction, about 16 
miles. It is fed by the Major's, Bell's, and Dirty Butter creeks, all of which are auri- 
ferous. Granite, trap rock, and metamorphic slate. The granite is hornblendic, and 
has many bars of intrusive hardened siliceous trap rock. 

ARAEAIN CREEK {Go. Clarence) is a small W. tributary of the Coldstream 
river, flowing through good agricultural land. Sandstone. 

ARAP00L (or Arable) HILL {Co. Beresford) is a lofty hill at the head of 
Arable creek, and on the road from Cooma to Eden, and situated about 7 miles S.S.W. 
of Cooma. The geological formation is bedded quartz conglomerate, rugged, wild, and 
barren, standing up in walls which may be traced for a considerable distance, and 
passing into grit and sandstone, scarcely differing, except in colour, from many of the 
carboniferous rocks, and to which they may eventually be referred. 

ARBUTHNQT RANGE {Liverpool plains district). See WARRABUNGLE Range. 

ARBUTHNOT VALLEY {Liverpool plains district) is a low lying flat, situated 
on the E. side of the Warrabungle range. It is covered with alternating quicksands 
and. stony hills and overgrown with dwarf gum and cypress trees. Pliocene 
tertiary. 

ARCHER'S FLAT STATION {Monaro district) ; occupiers, Newtome, M. A., 
and M'Evoy ; area, 3,840 acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. Charges, £29 
Is. 3d. 



Ard — Ari] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



11 



ARDENNES STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, De Sailly, G. P. ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4,000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

ARGALONG STATION (Murrumbidgee district); occupier, Johnson, David,- 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4,000 sheep. Charges, uncertain. 

ARGYLE is a county in the settled district, having the counties of Westmore- 
land and Georgiana on the N., Murray on the S., St. Vincent and Camden on the E.,. 
and King on the W. ; it is bounded on the N. by the river Guinecor from its junction 
with the Wollondilly to its source, near Burra Burra lagoon on the dividing range ; on 
the W. by the dividing range from Burra Burra by Cullarin to lake George, including 
the three Breadalbane Plains ; on the S. by the northern margin of lake George to 
Kenny's station, from lake George to the Alianyonyiga mountain by a small gully 
descending to the lake, from Alianyonyiga by the ridge extending S. E. to the hill of 
Wolowolar, and from Wolowolar by Boro creek to the Shoalhaven river ; on the E. 
by the Shoalhaven river to the junction of the rivulet from Barber's to its source 
across a narrow neck of land to the head of the Uringalla, by the Uringalla to its 
junction with the Wollondilly, and by the Wollondilly to the junction of the Guinecor 
above mentioned. This county contains 1,248,600 acres, and is in length from N. to 
S. 60 miles, and in breadth from E. to W. 36 miles. It is divided into the following 
48 parishes, viz., N. parishes — Guinecor, Pejar, Upper Tarlo, Khyana, Wayo, 
Turrallo, Tarlo, Strathard, Bunnaby, Bourke, Kerrawarry, Eden Forest, and Cook- 
bundoon ; E. parishes — Uringalla, Billyrambeja, Marulan, Bungonia, and Inverary ; 
S. parishes — Nerrinunga, Jerralong, Oallen, Cululla, Mullengulluga, Boro, Nadge- 
goniar, Covan, Mulwaree, Willeroo, Currawang, and Collector ; W. parishes— Tarago, 
Millbang, Wologorong, Breadalbane, Gurrunda, Mummel, and Pomeroy ; and central 
parishes — Norrong, Nattery, Narrangarrel, Baw-Baw, Jerrara, Towrang, Gundary, 
Quialigo, Goulburn, Mangamore, and Terrana. The principal towns and villages in 
the county are Goulburn (the capital of the S. districts), Bungonia, Marulan, Collector, 
Tarago, Mummel, Currowang, Pejar, Towrang, Baw-Baw, Terrana, and Pomeroy. 
The number of freehold landholders in this county is 297, and of leaseholders 
214. The extent of land in cultivation is 12,261 acres ; under wheat there are 7,333- 
acres, under maize 852 acres, under barley 647 acres, and under oats 811 acres. The 
live stock in this county is 10,157 horses, 39,453 horned cattle, 108,986 sheep, and 
5265 pigs. The total population numbers 9713 persons, of whom 665 are occupiers 
of land. 

ARGYLE electoral district embraces the county of Argyle, and the southern 
portions of the counties of Georgiana and Westmoreland ; and is bounded on the north, 
from the confluence of Murruin or Settler's creek with the Wollondilly river, by that 
creek to its head at mount Murruin, by the range thence to the main head of the 
Abercrombie river, east of mount Werong, and by the Aberbrombie river, down- 
wards, to the confluence of the Bolong river ; thence on the west by the range forming 
the western watershed of the Bolong river, and dividing its waters from those of 
Cook's vale creek, and the range dividing the waters of the Abercrombie and Crook- 
well rivers, to a source of Kangaloola creek, at the village reserve, and by that creek 
to its confluence with the Crookwell river, by the Crookwell river to its source, and 
by the range dividing the eastern and western waters and the Cullarin range to Lake 
George ; on the south by lake George to the village reserve at Kenny's ; thence by a 
small gully descending to the lake, to the Alianoyonyiga mountain, and by the ridge 
thence, extending S.E., to mount Wollowolar, and thence by Boro creek to the 
Shoalhaven river ; on the E. by the Shoalhaven river, downwards, to the confluence 
of Barber's creek, thence by Barber's creed to its source, and by a line bearing N. E. 
to Uringalla creek, and by that creek, Paddy's river, and the Wollondilly river,., 
downwards, to the confluence of Murruin or Settler's creek, aforesaid ; but excluding 
therefrom the electoral district of Goulburn. This electorate comprises the police 
district of Goulburn and returns 1 member to the legislative assembly, the present 
representative being P. Dignam, Esq. The number of registered electors in this 
district is 1914, of whom 1084 voted at the last general election, 1864-1865. 

ARI AH, MOUNT ( Co. Cooper) is a solitary hill lying on the vast plain between 
the Lachlan and Murrumbidgee rivers. Pliocene tertiary. 

ARIAH STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Laidlaw, Thomas ; area, 25,600 
acres ; grazing capability, 4,000 sheep. The nearest post town is Young. The old 
charges were £30 ; the recently appraised rental, £60. 



12 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



[Aei — Arm 



ARIPILES BACK STATION {Warrego district); occupier, Bloxham, Harry 
D. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post 
town is Bourke. Charges, £30. 

ARIPILES STATION {Albert district); occupier, Bloxham, H. D. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4,000 sheep. The nearest post town is Bourke. 
Charges, £32. 

ARMIDALE, 30° 36' S. lat., 157° 22' E. long. {Co. San don), is an important 
postal town in the parish of Armidale and electoral district of New England, and is 
the central town of the New England district. It is situated on the Dumaresq creek, 
Tilbuster ponds, being about 5 miles N.E., and Mihi or Miles' creek flowing on the S., 
and Saumarez creek, 5 miles distant, in the same direction. Duval's mountain stands 
10 miles N.W., and the Devil's pinch, a steep rise on the great Northern-road, is 15 
miles N. , in the parish of Exmouth, and near the head of the Tilbuster ponds. Armi- 
dale is situated in an agricultural, pastoral, and alluvial mining district, the nearest 
diggings being those of the Rocky river or Uralla, Oban, Puddelock, Cameron's creek, 
and Gara, all of which are within 20 miles of the township. There are 3 flour mills 
in the town, 1 brewery, 1 sodawater, &c, manufactory, and 1 tannery, all in work. 
There are 2 newspapers published in the town ; the Armidale Express and the Armidale 
Telegraph. The nearest townships are Uralla, 15 S. ; Falconer, 28 miles N. ; and 
Walcha, 40 miles S. With Uralla the communication is by mail coach, with the 
other places by pack horses, bullock, or horse teams, and private conveyances. 
The means of communication with Sydney, 313 miles S., are by mail coach to Single- 
ton, thence by rail to Newcastle, and then to Sydney by steamer, or by horse 
or dray to Grafton, 130 miles along a bad road, and thence by steamer. Armidale 
has a good hospital, an excellent and rapidly improving school of arts, and 3 schools. 
A new bridge is also about being erected over the creek, which will connect the town- 
ship with the great Northern-road. The Commercial Banking Company, the City 
bank, the Joint Stock bank, and the European, Colonial, Life, Sydney, Northern 
Fire and Life, Liverpool and London and Globe, and Australian Mutual Insurance 
companies have branches, and there is a court house, a post and money order office, 
and a telegraph office in the town. The hotels are the Wellington (G. D. Cooper's), 
Freemasons' (Tysoe's), New England (Mather's), Royal (M 'Lean's), Gold Diggers' 
(Millis's), Daniel O'Connell (Galvin's), Plough (Gordon's), Lord Nelson (Callaghan's), 
and Victoria (Mulligan's). The mail coach office is at the Armidale store (Moore's), 
and the office of the Express waggon and the Tallyho coach, running twice a week to 
Uralla and the Rocky river diggings, at the Wellington hotel. Armidale is under the 
control of a municipal council, it having been proclaimed a municipality on November 
13th, 1863. The surrounding country is elevated and mountainous, the country being 
rugged and well grassed and timbered. It occasionally, however, suffers severely from 
longdroughts and heavy frosts, which cause a scarcity in meat and dairy produce. The 
soil is rich and productive, the wheat crops being usually satisfactory to the growers. 
There are numerous sheep stations in the surrounding district, and Armidale is likely 
to become a place of the highest consequence as the colony advances. The neighbouring 
country is celebrated for the rugged picturesqueness of its scenery, the mountains 
being lofty, well wooded with stringy bark, and rugged, and there being several 
beautiful waterfalls within a few miles of the town ; the principal of these are the 
Dangar's falls, 600 feet deep, on the Saumarez creek, in the parish of Tiverton, about 
15 miles S.S.E. ; and the Mihi falls, at Starr's outstation, on the Mihi creek. Height 
above mean sea level, 3278 feet. Mean max. temp., 71° 2 V ; mean min. temp., 54°. 
Depth of rain, 41 inches. Mortality, 1 in 78. Armidale has a masonic lodge (lodge 
Unity 595 E. 0. ). The population of the township numbers about 1,000 persons. The 
geological formation of the district hornblendic granite, in the detritus of which 
gold is found. 

Armidale police district embraces the southern portion of the pastoral district 
of New England, and part of the pastoral district of Macleay ; and bounded on 
the N. by the range forming the southern watershed of the Clarence river, westerly, 
to Ben Lomond; thence by the range dividing the waters of the Macintyre and 
Gwydir rivers, the range dividing the waters of Cope's creek and Tienga creek, 
and the northern watershed of the latter creek, to the confluence of that creek 
with the Bundarra or Gwydir river ; and thence by that river downward, to the 
western boundary of the New England district, being the western extreme of the table 



Arm — Ash] 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



13 



land ; on the W. by that boundary, southerly, to the great dividing range, and by 
that range, southerly, and the mount Royal range to the source of the Manning river ; 
on the S. by the Manning river, to its confluence with the Barnard river ; and on the 
E. by a line thence, north-easterly, to mount Sea View ; by a line thence, northerly, to 
mount "Werrikimbe, and by a line thence, N. by compass, to the range forming the 
southern watershed of the Clarence river, aforesaid. The places of petty sessions in 
this district are, Armidale, Uralla, Bendemeer, Walcha, and Bundarra. 

ARMYTREE STATION {Bligk district); occupier, Jude, P. ; area, 16,000 acres, 
grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; the recently ap- 
praised rental is £50. 

AR0JEL (or Old Man's Creek) STATION (Marrumbidgee district); occupier, 
Osborne andLeitch; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. Charges, 
£16 2s. lOd. 

ARRAMAGrONGr STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Murphy, Miles ; area, 
25,600 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Tumut. 
The old charges were £50 ; the recently appraised rental, £70. 

ARRAWARRANG VALLEY (Co. Buccleuch) is a deep valley or mountain 
gorge, at the head of the Mungola creek, a small tributary of the Tumut river. Cliffs 
of water-worn marble abound in this valley, with schists and quartziferous porphyry 
between. The marble is either white or red, and there are several stalactitic caverns 
of great beauty, the floors being strewn with calcareous nodules of all sizes. 

ARRARAMIE STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Lloyd, Edward 
H. ; area, 92, 160 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £35. 

ARRAROWNIE STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Morehead and 
Young ; area, 20, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £28. 

ARRAWATT A is the name of a county in the pastoral district of the Gwydir ; 
it contains 1082 acres alienated, and 1,230,918 acres unalienated. The boundaries of 
this county are, however, open to modification. 

ARRAWATTA CREEK {New England district) is a small S. tributary of the 
Severn river, flowing through good agricultural land across the road from Wellingrove 
to Warialda, near the junction of the Strathbogie road. Hornblendic granite. 

ARROWSMITH MOUNT {Albert district) is the highest peak of the Grey range; 
it lies to the S. of the range, and attains an elevation of 2000 feet above the level of 
the sea. Highly magnetic specular ironstone. 

ARTHUR MOUNT ( Co. Durham) is a tolerably high mountain, lying a few miles 
S. of Musclebrook. Carbonaceous sandstone. 

ARTHUR, MOUNT {Co. Gordon) is a high hill, lying on the W. bank of the 
Bell river at its confluence with the Macquarie, and 14 mile W. of Wellington. 
Metamorphic slate and granite, with much sandstone. 

ARTHUR'S CREEK {Co. Roxburgh) is an auriferous stream rising in the 
Limekiln range, and flowing N. through the Palmer's or Oakey creek gold fields into 
the Turon river at Dulabree. It is fed by Spring creek. The geological formation is 
sandstone, limestone, and slate, with occasional outcropping quartz ridges. 

ARTHUR'S STATION {Co. Wellington) is a gold workings on the Turon dig- 
gings, lying 7 miles from the township of Sofala. The population is included in that 
of that place. 

ARUMPO STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Scott, James ; area, 32,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Wentworth. Charges, 
£60. 

ASHANTEE STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Morris, Wm ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Walgett. 
Charges, £30. 

ASHBURNHAM is the name of a county in the pastoral district of Wellington. 
It contains 17,985 acres alienated land, and 1,374,015 acres, unalienated. The boun- 
daries of this county, are, however, open to modification. 

ASHBY( Co. Clarence) is a small agricultural village, lying on the N. bank of the 



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The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Ash — Ast 



Clarence river, near the entrance to the Broadwater, and opposite the Rocky Mouth 
creek. It is inhabited by a few settlers, the soil being good. Sandstone with allu- 
vial drift. 

ASHB? STATION (Clarence district); occupiers, Exors. of Clarke Irving; area, 
04.000 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Lawrence. Charges, £187 10s. 

ASHFIELD [Co, Cumberland) is a postal village and railway station, in the 
parish of Petersham and electoral district of Canterbury. It is situated on the road 
and railway from Sydney to Parramatta, and is bounded on the N. by the Parramatta 
river, on the E. by Long cove, on the W. by Iron cove creek and the village of Bur- 
wood, and on the S. by the village of Canterbury. The district is an agricultural 
•one, the greater portion consisting of good arable land, well suited for market garden- 
ing, which branch of industry is extensively carried on in the neighbourhood. 
There is 1 steam flour mill and bakery (Boylson's), and a bone dust and soap and 
candle manufactory (Tancred's) in Ashfield. The nearest places are Five Dock, 
distant 1 mile -N.W. ; Burwood on the W. ; Enfield on the S.W. ; Canterbury on the 
S. ; and Petersham on the E. , all distant about 2 miles. The means of communica- 
tion are to Burwood and Petersham by rail, and to Five Dock and Canterbury by 
good well made roads. With Sydney, 5 miles E. , the communication is by rail, eight 
times daily, and by Alexander's coach once daily. There is a post office in the village, 
and 1 Episcopalian and Wesleyan church ; also a private church in which the Pres- 
bj^terian congregation occasionally holds service. There are 2 non-vested national 
and 2 private schools. The hotels are the Terminus, Dove, and Plough Inns. The 
roads are under government control. The surrounding country is elevated and 
undulatory, and is a great resort of persons in search of health and a change of 
air. Ashfield has improved much within the last few years, and houses are rapidly 
springing up in all directions, its convenience to the metropolis by means of the Great 
Southern railway and Great Western road rendering it a favourite place of residence 
for merchants and others having their business in town. There is a commodious 
station and waiting shed, and Ashfield is destined, at no distant day, to become 
a place of considerable importance. The population numbers about 1000 persons, 
the number of dwellings being about 200. The geological formation is ferruginous 
sandstone. 

ASHFORD, 29° 25' S. lat., 151° 10' E. long. (Co. Arraicatta) is a small postal 
township in the electoral district of Tenterfield, and police district of Wellingrove. 
It is situated on the Frazer creek, the Macintyre river being 7 miles W. ; the Sove- 
reign river 2h miles E. ; and the Severn river 15 miles N.E. The district is an 
agricultural and pastoral one, the nearest places being Inverell, 40 miles S. ; Glen 
Innes, the nearest telegraph station, 60 miles E. ; and Warialda, 49 miles W. With 
these places there is communication by horse or dray only. With Sydney, 423 
miles S. , the communication is by horse to Armidale, thence by Gill's mail coach to 
Singleton, thence by rail to Newcastle, and thence by steamer ; or by horse to Bende- 
meer, and then by coach as in the other route. There is a court of petty sessions 
held monthly in Ashford, the quarter sessions being held at Armidale, and the 
district court at Glen Innes. The hotels are the Squatters' Home, the Ashford, and 
the Travellers' Eest. The surrounding country is elevated, the soil of a light loamy 
nature, and the geological formation of granite, limestone, and occasional quartz. 
The population numbers about 60 persons. 

ASH ISLAND (Co. Northumberland) is a large island lying in the lower part of 
the Hunter river, about 3 miles W. N. W. of the city of Newcastle, and opposite the 
town of Hexham. It is about 5 miles in length from E. to W., and 2 miles in width, 
from N. to S. The E. part is cut up into small allotments, but the W. , about 2560 
acres, is the property of Mr. A. W. Scott. The island is celebrated for the excellence 
of the oranges which grow upon it, and which are well known all over the country as 
the Ash Island oranges. It consists of raised sand with alluvial drift, and has a 
large swamp in its midst. This island, together with Mosquito and some other small 
islands, divide the stream of the Hunter into two parts, called respectively the N. 
and S. channels, the former being the one used by steamers. 

ASTON STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Mathieson, Sir J. ; area, 24,800 
acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £105. 



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15 



ATTUNGA STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Bosseley and Bur- 
dekin ; area, 40,960 acres ; grazing capability, 2400 head of cattle. Old charges £150 ; 
new appraisements, £157 10s. 

AUBURN VALE CREEK {Co. LTardinge, New England district) is a small 
tributary of Cope's creek rising near Inverell, and flowing S. through rugged aurife- 
rous country past the village of Borthwick, about 16 miles. Hornblendic granite, 
and decomposed volcanic rock, with deep rich red soil. 

AUBURN VALE STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Borthwick, Mrs. 
Anne ; estimated area, 76, 800 acres ; grazing capability, 400 sheep. The old charges 
were £140 ; the recently appraised rental is £200. 

AUCKLAND (Co. Durham) is a small agricultural village or hamlet, lying a 
short distance to the W. of Singleton, on the road to Leamington. It is on the Hunter 
river, at the junction of Rix's creek. Sandstone. 

AUCKLAND county is situated in the S.E. corner of New South Wales. It 
embraces the S.E. portion of the pastoral district of Monaro, and is bounded on the 
N. from the mouth of the Bega river, by the range dividing the waters of the Bega 
and Bargo rivers from those of the Bermagnee and Dry rivers ; on the W. by the 
range dividing the waters of the Snowy and Murrumbidgee rivers from those falling 
to the Genoa, Towamba, and Bega rivers to the boundary line between New South 
Wales and Victoria ; on the S. by that boundary to the sea, at Cape Howe ; and on 
the E. by the sea, to the mouth of the Bega river aforesaid. It is about 60 miles in 
length, and 40 in breadth, and contains about 1,536,000 square acres. It is divided 
into the following 20 parishes, viz., N. — Mumbulla, Brogo, Meringo, Bega, Wallagat, 
E. parishes — Boranda, Bambula, Youaka ; S. parishes — Bimmil, Eden, Nullica, Kiah, 
Boyd, Imlay, Towamba, Burragate ; and the central parishes, Kameruka, Wolunka, 
Gurrupa, Wjndham. It contains 47,038 acres, alienated land; and 1,213,762 acres, 
unalienated. 

AVISFORD, 32° 45' S. lat., 149° 28' E. long. (Co. Wellington), is a postal town- 
ship in the parish of Hargreaves, electoral and police districts of Mudgee. It is 
situated on the Meroo creek, at the junction of the Goorangore creek, 166 miles N. W. 
from Sydney, and 20 miles from Mudgee on the main line of road from Mudgee to 
Hargreaves. The district is essentially a gold mining one, alluvial and quartz digging 
being the chief source of employment. There is a quartz crushing machine at work 
at present, to the S. of the township, called Gorrie's flat ; and the Maitland Bar dig- 
gings lie 2 miles W. There is but little agriculture carried on in the neighbourhood, 
there being only about 35 acres under cultivation. The nearest places are, Mudgee, 
20 miles N. N. E. ; Hargrave, 4 miles S. ; Windeyer, 7 miles E. ; and Grattai, 6 miles 
N. ; with which places there is communication by a spring cart. The nearest tele- 
graph station is at Mudgee. With Sydney, 166 miles S.E., the communication is by 
Cobb's coach from Mudgee to Penrith, and thence by rail. Avisford has a post office 
and 3 hotels, the George and Dragon, the Welcome Home, and the Brickmakers' Arms. 
The surrounding country is mountainous, and the geological formation of micaceous 
sandstone with hornblendic granite, and many quartz reefs. The population 
of Avisford numbers 129 Europeans, and about 150 Chinese. 

AV0NDALE STATION (Lachlan district)-, occupier, De Sailly, F. and G. P.; 
area, 64, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is BooligaL 
Charges, £31. 

AVON RIVER ( Co. Gloucester) is a fine S. tributary of the Gloucester river, 
flowing through rough agricultural and pastoral land into it at the township of 
Gloucester. Sandstone and shale. 

AWABA (Co. Northumberland.) See Lake Macquame. 

AYTON HILLS (Co. Auckland) is a range of low hills lying near the coast, and 
running N.E. and S.W. 20 miles S. of the township of Eden. Sandstone and 
trap rock. 

BAALP00L STATION (Murrumbidgee distric 1 .) ; occupier, Bryant, Matthew ; 
estimated area, 48,000 acres ; grazing capability, 11,000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Moulamein. The old charges were £110 ; the recently appraised rental 
is £180. 

BAAN BAAN STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Allinson, R. A, 



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The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Baa — Bad 



and Young, M. M. Estimated area, 102,400 acres ; grazing capability, 6,000 sheep. 
The old charges were £60 ; the recently appraised rental is £196 6s. 4d. 

BAAN BAA S. STATION {Liverpool plains district.) ; occupier, Button, John 
Charles ; area, 107,520 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental, £90. 

BABATHERHTLE CREEK ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Martell, Florent ; 
area, 24,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4,000 sheep. Charges, £31. 

BABBAGE, MOUNT (Albert district) is a solitary hill, lying in the vast desert 
W. of the Darling river, and between the Barrier and Grey ranges. Sandstone. 

BABBINB00N (or Uriari) MOUNT (Co. Buckland) is a detached volcanic 
hill, lying to the S. E. of the township of Carroll. Ferruginous sandstone. 

BABBY WERRILAK {Co. Murchison) is a small alluvial diggings in the 
Bingara gold fields, lying about 4 miles S.S.E. of the township of Bingara. Horn- 
blendic granite. 

BABINDA N. STATION (Wellington district); occupiers, Morehead and 
Young ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4,000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

BABINDA STATION {Wellington district) ; occupiers, Morehead and Young; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4,000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

BACK CREEK (Co. Ashburnham) is a small E. tributary of the Goobang creek. 
Lower silurian, with recent drift. 

BACK CREEK {Co. Bathurst) is a small tributary of Brown's creek flowing in 
the parish of Bringellet. Palaeozoic. 

BACK CREEK {Co. Goulburn), a small N. territory of the Billabung creek, 
draining some swampy country to the W. of Billabung. Mica schist. 

BACK CREEK {Co. Harden) is a tributary of the head of the Demondrille 
creek, rising in the rugged range of low hills to the S. of the Burrangong gold fields, 
and flowing S.E. about 6 miles. This creek has low alluvial flats on each side, which 
are taken up as agricultural ground, and divided into small allotments in the parish 
of Wilkie. 

BACK CREEK ( Co. King) is a small S. tributary of the Pudman creek, rising 
in the Boorowa plains and flowing N. Granite and limestone. 

BACK CREEK (Co. Rous) is a small tributary of the Leycester's Creek. 
Sandstone. 

BACK CREEK (Co. Wallace) is a small tributary of the Upper Murrumbidgee 
river, rising in the S. slope of mount Phillips, and flowing S. about 6 miles through 
scrubby well grassed country. 

BACK CREEK STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Perry, Mary ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

BACK CREEK STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Atkins, William ; area, 
28,160 acres; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old charges were £50 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £80. 

BACK FOREST CREEK ( Co. King) is a small drainage creek of the Boorowa 
plains, flowing N.E. into the Forest creek. 

BACK MARTHAGUY STATION {Bligh district). See Marthagtty Back. 

BACK MERIWYNEBONE STATION (Liverpool plains district). See Meri- 

WYNEBONE BACK. 

BACK NARAMA STATION {Bligh district). See Narami Back. 

BACK PLAIN STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Peterson and 
Sargood ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4,000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Narrandera. Old charges, £30 ; new appraisement, £80. 

BACK WARRAN STATION (Bligh district). See Warran Back. 

BACK WOGONGA STATION (Lachlan district). See Wogonga Back Sta- 
tion. 

BADGER BRUSH (Co. Roxburgh) is a tract of scrubby land, much of it 



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suited for agricultural purposes, lying in the parish of Cullen Bulleu, and to the E. of 
the Kirconnell gold fields, from which it is separated by a range of scrubby hills. 
Sandstone and limestone. 

BADGER BRUSH CREEK {Co. Roxburgh). See Prying Pax Creek. 

BADGER CREEK ( Co. Cumberland) is a small W. tributary of the upper part 
of the South creek. Sandstone and shale. 

BADGORY SWAMP {Co. Weilesley) is a marshy flat, lying to the S. of the 
township of Cathcart, and draining into the Coolumbooka river. Upper volcanic, 
with fluriatile drift. 

BAGNELL LAGOONS {Co. Goulburn) are several lagoons lying in a swampy 
flat between the Murray river and the Bagnell range. Most of the flat is taken up by 
J. Dight. Micaceous schist and granite, with alluvial deposit. 

BAGNELL RANGE {Co. Goulburri) is a range of low scrubby hills, lying to 
the W. of Albury, and near the X. bank of the Murray river. Schist and granite. 

BAGO CREEK {Co. W^nyard) is a small E. tributary of Tarcutta creek, flowing 
N.W. through pastoral country from the N. of Mane's range into the main stream, 
near the village of Bago. 

BAGO HILL {Co. Wynyard) is a peak in Mane's range, lying on the N. of the 
Bago reserve, and on the "W. side of the track from the Upper Murray to Cundagai. 
The neighbouring country is more or less auriferous. Met amorphic slate and granite. 

BAGO STATION [Murrumbidyee district) • occupier, Solomon Emanuel ; area, 
3S,740 acres; grazing'capability, 800 head of cattle. The nearest post town is TVagga 
Wagga. Charges, £33. 

BAKALONG MOUNT {Co. Weilesley) is a high ridge on the Brugolong 
creek, lying about ten miles 2ST. of the township of Bombala. Metamorphic slate. 

BAKER'S CREEK ( Co. Gloucester) is a small tributary of the Belbora creek. 
Sandstone and limestone. 

BAKER'S CREEK {Co. Hardinge, Tfew England district) is an auriferous W. 
tributary of the upper part of the Ghvydir river, rising in the N.W. slope of mount 
Lowry and flowing N.E, about 30 mil es into the main stream to the E. of mount 
Drummond. The geological formation is hornblendic granite, sim il ar to that found 
on the Ovens gold fields. It is associated by garnets, sapphires, and tin ore, the gold 
being usually found in the detritus of the granite. 

BAKER'S FLAT {Co. Gordon) is a small flat lying on the Newrea creek, about 
12 miles S. of Wellington, and 4 miles S. of Newrea. 

BAKER'S PEAK {Co. Clarke) is a peak of the New England range, lying on 
the E. bank of the Gyra river, about 14 miles S.E. of Falconer. Sandstone, granite, 
and quartz. 

BAKER'S SWAMP STATION {Wellington district); occupier, Furguson, 
Alexander ; area, 6400 acres ; grazing capability, 6400 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £20. 

BALABLA (or Lower Balabla) STATION [Lachlan district) ■ occupier, 
Caldwell, S. ; area, 19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £54 13s. 9d. ; the recently appraised rental is £70. 

BALABLA (now Upper Balabla) STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, 
Caldwell. S. ; area, 30,080 acres; grazing capability, 900 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £42 16s. 3d, ; the recently appraised rental is £65. 

BALABLA STATION [New England district) ; occupiers, Morse and Towle ; 
area, 96,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle and 2000 sheep. The old 
charges were £261 17s. 6d. ; appraised rental is £330. 

BALABLA STATION [New England district) ; occupier, John Gill; area, 30,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges are £74 5s. 

BALD CREEK {Co. Parry) is a small E. tributary of the head of the Mulue- 
rindie river. It is fed by the Cobrabald and Running creeks. Hornblendic granite. 



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BALD HEAD (Co. Wallace.) See GuNGARLlN Mt. 

BALD HILL (Co. Argyle) is a high peak lying to the N.W. of the village of 
Mutmutbilly. As its name imports, its summit is devoid of timber. Metamorphic 
slate. 

BALD HILL CREEK (Co. Harden) is a small W. tributary of the Jugiong 
creek, falling into it at Bogolong. T. Drummond has 480 acres of land taken up on 
this creek. 

BALD HILL CREEK (Co. Wellington) is a small auriferous E. tributary of the 
Tambaroora creek, flowing through the S. portion of the Tambaroora gold fields. 
Metamorphic. 

BALD HILL STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Power and Davenport ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £30 ; new- 
appraisements, £65. 

BALD HILL STATION" (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Trust and Agricul- 
tural Company of Australia, limited j area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 
sheep. Charges, £70 2s. 2d. 

BALD HILLS (Co. Bathurst) is the name given to two prominent hills which 
lie to the S.W. of Bathurst, distant about 2 miles. Granite. 

BALD HILLS (Cos. Dampier and Murray) is a range of lofty hills running in a 
S. direction, on both sides of the Shoalhaven, to the head of the Wianbene creek. 
The surface of this range is very rugged, and is clothed with dwarf casuarina scrub, 
about 1| feet high. There is no grass, but abundance of pebbles suitable for road 
making. The geological formation is porphyry, with a whitish base of felspar, 
decomposing with cold wastes of pipeclay perfectly naked, and studded with crystals 
of quartz, whose forms are double hexedral pyramids. 

BALD HILLS STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Boland, Thomas ; area, 
44,800 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The nearest post town is Condobolin. 
The old charges were £60 ; the recently appraised rental is £65. 

BALD HILLS STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Towns, Wm. 
and Andrew ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. The old charges 
were £50 ; the recently appraised rental is £200. 

BALD HILLS STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Campbell, John B. ; area, 
4000 acres ; grazing capability, 1250 sheep. Charges, £27 10s. 

BALD HILLS STATION (Monaro district); occupier, Moses, Joseph; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. Charges, £53 18s. 96L 

BALD HILLS (or The Gullen) STATION (Monaro district) ; occupiers, 
Williams, G. E. and "Wm. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 450 head of cattle. 
Charges, £80 10s. 

BALD HILLS STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Stratford, F. A. ; 
area, 76,800 acres ; grazing capability, 10,000 sheep. Charges, £100. 

BALD (or Snowy) MOUNTAINS (Cos. Wallace and Selwyn) is a part of the 
Muniong range of mountains lying between the counties of Wallace on the E. and 
Selwyn on the W. These mountains run nearly N. and S. , and form the highest 
land in New South Wales. In average height they attain a height of at least 6000 
feet, some of the summits exceeding 7000 feet, and rising nearly to the level of per- 
petual snow, which, in the same latitude, and under similar physical conditions, is 
about 8000 feet above the sea. Snow may constantly be seen on this range from May 
to October, and though it is not ordinarily seen during the summer season, it occa- 
sionally falls in the months of December and January. This range consists of steep 
broken peaks surmounting steep ridges, the culminating point being mount Kosciusko. 
The Bald mountains extend from the S. part of the range northwards to Gianderra 
or Kiandra, the principal peaks in its course being, besides Kosciusko, the Ram's 
Head, Crackemback, Bull's Peak, Gungarlin, Bald hill, and Table Top. In this 
range the Snowy, Moyangul, Tongaro, Crackemback, and Brungubugee rivers, and 
numerous small creeks have their rise. The general character of these mountains is 
that of high and exceedingly rugged, steep, and broken ranges, densely timbered and 
intersected by scrubby patches, and in some places by mossy flats. Many of these 



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ranges are precipitous in the extreme, and divided by deep and gloomy rifts, in many 
cases overhanging at immense heights. The geological formation is metamorphic 
slate, granite, and basalt, the summits being composed of coarse syenitic granite, 
partly concretionary, much jointed, and rising in denticulated masses and rounded 
bosses, so as to present, in connection with the slopes of snow, the outline of a true 
■"Sierra Nevada." 

BALD NOB (Co. San don) is a lofty peak in the parish of Eastlake, at the head 
of Graves's creek. Hornblendic granite. 

BALD NOB CREEK ( Co. Gryte) is a small N. tributary of the Mitchell river. 
Sandstone. 

BALD RIDGE STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Atkinson, James ; esti- 
mated area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £38 2s. 6d. , the recently appraised rental is £50. 

BALFOUR MOUNT ( Co. Burnett) is a solitary peak lying on the W. bank of 
Oxley's creek, about 12 miles N.E. of Warialda. Granite and schist. 

BALGrOWLAH ( Co. Cumberland) is a township reserve on the shore of the N. 
harbour of Port Jackson, in the parish of Manly. It is about 7 miles by water and 
11 by land from Sydney, via St. Leonaids. Sandstone. 

BALLAB0W BACK RUN STATION (Wellington district); occupiers, Went- 
worth and Christie; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. 
Charges, £30 10s. 

BALLAD0RAN STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Bishop, James ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old charges were £40, the 
recently appraised rental is £40. 

BALLAGALAR STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Reardon, Jeremiah ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

BALLALABA, 151° 35 N S. lat., 142° 35 x E. long. (Co. Murray), is a small postal 
town in the parish of Bendoura, and electoral district of Braidwood, situated on the 
E. bank of the Shoalhaven river, 16 miles S. from Braidwood, and 4 miles N. of the 
mouth of the Oranmeir creek. The district is an agricultural and pastoral one, the 
nearest diggings being those on Major's creek, 7 miles distant in an E. direction; 
with that place there is communication by horse only, with Sydney, 196 miles N., the 
communication is by horse or dray to Braidwood, thence 35 miles by coach to 
Nelligen, and thence by steamer, or by Cobb's coach from Braidwood via Goulburn to 
Picton, and thence by rail. Braidwood is the nearest telegraph station and quarter 
and petty sessions and district court township. The surrounding country, or, as it is 
called, the valley of Ballalaba, consists of rich agricultural land, the farmers occupying 
it finding a good market for their produce in the diggings about Araluen, which lies 
E. about 10 miles. The valley is surrounded by mountains of considerable height, 
and mostly of granite and trappean formation. The population is small and 
scattered. 

BALLALA CREEK (Gwydir district) is a small tributary of the head of the 
Gilgil River. Pliocene tertiary over palaeozoic rocks. 

BALLAND00L RIVER (Warrego district.) The upper part of the Birie 
river in Queensland is usually known by this name. Its whole course is, however, 
indifferently called by either. See Birie River. 

BALLANBILLAN STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Onas, 
Thomas ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

BALLANDRY STATION (Lachlan district); occupier, Rankin, J. G. R. and A. ; 
area, 19,480 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. The nearest post 
town is Condobolin. 

BALLAREE STATION (Wellington district); occupier, Richardson, T. L. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31 10s. 

BALLAST POINT (Co. Cumberland) is the W. head of Waterview bay, lying 
on the S. side of Port Jackson. There are good sandstone quarries at and in the 
neighbourhood of this point. 



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BALLENGAR {Co. Macquarie) is a small agricultural settlement, lying on the 
Wilson river, 12 miles above port Macquarie. Sandstone. 

BALLIMBINYID STATION ( Warre<jo district) ; occupier, Eager, Geoffrey ; 
area, 19,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £55. 

BALLINA (or Richmond River) HEADS ( Co. Richmond) is a small settlement 
in the electoral district of Clarence, and police district of Eichmond. It is situated 
at the mouth of the Richmond river, 4 miles S. of Lennox head, and is divided by the 
river into two parts, E. and W. Ballina. It is 85 miles by water, and 30 by land, from 
the township of Lismore, the communication being by horse or small boat. Sandstone. 
See also Richmond River Heads. 

BALLINBILLIAN BACK STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Eather, 
Charles ; area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32. 

BALLINDEAN STATION {New England district); occupier, Watt, J. Brown;, 
area, 60,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle, and 5000 sheep. Charges, 
£90. 

BALLINGERAMBIL STATION (Lachlan district) ; comprising blocks A, B, 
and C, each of 16,000 acres; occupiers, Kirk and Goldsbo rough ; area, 48,000 acres ; 
grazing capability, 1920 head of cattle. The old charges were £66 12s. ; the recently 
appraised rental is £111. 

BALLI0 MOUNT ( Co. Camden) is a high conical peak of the Mittagong range 
of hills lying on the N. bank of the Wingecarribee river, and on the road from Berrima 
to Bathurst, via Taralga. It is about 18 miles W.N. W. of the former place. Trap> 
and sandstone. 

BALL'S HEAD (Co. Cumberland) is a large precipitous mass of sandstone 
rock jutting boldly out from the north shore of Port Jackson, opposite Goat island 
and the entrance to Waterview bay. Off this point is 18 fathoms of water, nearly 
the deepest in the harbour. The W. of the head lies a deep indentation known as 
Bali's Head bay, and to the E. another known as Berry's bay. 

BALL00 ARM (Co-. Buccleiich) is a S. tributary of the head of the Gooburra- 
gandra river, rising in the inaccessible country to the N. of the Bogong ranges, and 
flowing N. 

BALLOON MOUNT {Co. Auckland): See Mount Imlay. 

BALMAIN ( Co, Cumberland) ; one of the suburbs of Sydney, is situated on the 
W. side of Darling harbour, one of the many inlets of Port Jackson. The name 
having reference originally to but a comparatively small area, at the present time 
includes within its signification an extent as great perhaps, as belongs to any of the 
suburbs. Properly speaking, Balmain is a peninsula ; on three sides it is bounded by 
water, the boundary on the land side being a line drawn from the head of J ohnson s 
bay W. to the waters of Long cove, an arm of the Parramatta river. Its E. or rather 
N.E. portion consists of three smaller peninsulas, lying respectively between 
Johnston's bay and Waterview bay, Waterview bay and Snail's bay, and Snail's 
bay and the entrance of the Parramatta river. It is in the first of these three 
divisions that the bulk of the population is to be found. This is much 
more extensive than either of the other two, is more accessible from Syd- 
ney, and is the part where settlement first took place. Balmain owes much of 
its progress, and this has been considerable within the last few years, to the 
dry dock situated at the head of Waterview bay, and the property of Mr. T. 
S. Mort. The undertaking, considered as the result of private enterprise, ranks 
among the greatest in the colony ; its cost having been probably not less than 
£100,000. The dimensions of the dock are as follows: — length over all, 365 feet; 
width at entrance, 75 feet; and depth at high water, 19 feet. It is thus capable of 
receiving ships of the largest class that ordinarily frequent our harbour ; in fact the 
monthly repairs to the Peninsular and Oriental Company's mail steamers of this route 
are made here. As the fall of tide is but small, 5 or 6 feet at most, the greater 
part of the water has to be pumped out of the dock. For this purpose, a 2 feet 
Appold's centrifugal pump is employed, driven by a high-pressure engine of 40 horse 
power. The lift from the bottom of the dock to the discharge pipe is 24 
feet, and the pump can throw about 20 tons per minute. A set of common lift pumps 



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21 



is worked by a smaller engine to keep down the leakage at the caisson. By these 
means the dock can be emptied of its contents in six hours, and kept tolerably dry. 
In connection with the dock, but further down the bay on its N. side, is a pair of 
powerful shears, capable of lifting 30 tons, suitable for removing boilers or other heavy 
machinery, masts, &c. In proximity to the dock are the works of P. X. Russell and 
Co., employing, on the average, 40 or 50 men, but in time of emergency, over 100. 
These works are capable of turning out all classes of machinery, but from their posi- 
tion with respect to the dock, marine work is that mainly followed. On the shore of 
the same bay is the ship building yard of Mr. George Thomson, formerly that of Cap- 
tain Rountree. On the S. side of Balmain, fronting Johnston's bay, is Booth's steam 
saw mill ; 45 hands are employed on the average, and the mill is capable of turning 
out when in full operation, 60,000 feet of timber weekly. In a small nook of the 
Parrainatta river, on the W. side of Balmain, and very judiciously removed from the 
centre of population, are the vitriol works of Elliott Brothers. These are of compara- 
tively recent date, having only been in operation since May of the present year, 1S65. 
In addition to the various establishments enumerated above, may be mentioned those of 
Messrs. Reynolds, Looke, Bell, and others, where boats of all descriptions are built 
from the slight wager skiff to the ship's long boat, and of hrst class workmanship. 
From the number and extent of the various works in and about Balmain, it may be 
inferred that a very large proportion of its inhabitants are mechanics, whose employ- 
ment is furnished by such works. Shipwrights, boat builders, engineers, boiler 
makers, carpenters, &c. , will thus form the bulk of the population. Not by any means 
a small portion, however, consists of clerks and mercantile men who, although occu- 
pied in the city, have been attracted to Balmain by its proverbial healthiness and 
agreeable scenery. Communication is effected between Sydney and Balmain by means 
of steam ferries, three in number — by small watermen's boats, and an omnibus. The 
distance by water varies from 1 mile to If mile, or 2 miles. By the omnibus the 
distance is most probably not less than 3 miles. The steamers, during the day, run at 
intervals of about half an hour ; the omnibus at much longer intervals. Balmain con- 
tains a school of arts, an odd fellows' hall, with working men's institute attached, 
a branch insurance office, (the Northern fire and life) and a branch bank (Commer- 
cial). Each of the principal religious denominations has its place of worship ; and 
there are two large public schools — the denominational, with an attendance of 111 ; 
and the national, having an attendance of nearly 300. There is a masonic lodge (Bal- 
main lodge, No. 868 E.C); and an oddfellows' lodge, (Balmain lodge, No. 4329). 
Balmain has been a municipality, since February, 1S60 ; the petition for its incorpo- 
ration having been presented in October of the previous year. The first election of 
councillors took place in April, 1860. The benefits of the municipal system are 
marked in the case of Balmain ; for previous to its introduction, the roads and ap- 
proaches were, without exception, far more picturesque than practicable. Now, 
however, in almost every direction, well constructed roads have been formed, and 
kept in such good repair as to merit the admiration of visitors, and the gratitude of 
those whose lot it was to be compelled to stumble through them in then primitive 
state. Balmain forms part of the electoral district of the Glebe (which see.) The 
population of Balmain is stated at about 4000. It contains 800 or 900 electors, and 
in conjunction with the Glebe, returns one member to parliament. The geological 
formation is chiefly sandstone. Balmain municipality was proclaimed 21st Feb., 
1860. The estimated annual value of rateable property within it is £31,453, from 
which (including government aid) it derived in the year 1864 an income of £3061 5s. 6d. 
Its expenditure during that year was £3075 4s. 9|d. The extent of its roads and 
streets is 53 miles, and the number of registered electors 700. 

BALRANALD, 34° 34' S. lat., 143° 15' E. long. (Co. Cairo) is a postal town- 
ship in the parish of Balranald, and electoral and police districts of Balranald. It is 
situated on the Murrumbidgee river, about 18 miles N. of its junction with the 
Murray, the former river being navigable for any of the steamers so long as the navi- 
gation of the other is practicable. The Lachlan river joins the Murrumbidgee about 
40 miles above the township, and the Paika lake lies about- 10 miles N., the Waldera 
lake 18 miles S.W., and the Yonga lake about 6 miles S.E. The district is entirely 
a pastoral one, the nearest places being Euston, on the Murray, 70 miles W. ; Maude, 
on the Murrumbidgee, 60 miles N.E. ; Moulamein, on the Edwards, 50 miles E. ; 
Talbitt's crossing place, on the Wakool river, 25 miles S.E. ; and Swan hill (Victoria), 
■65 miles S.E. There is no communication with these places by land, except on horse- 



22 



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[Bal 



back, but the Murray and Murrumbiclgee river steamers call at the places on those 
rivers. The mail goes once a week to Euston, and twice a week to Moulamein, 
Mande, and Swan hill. The nearest telegraph station is at Swan hill, but it is 
intended to establish a station at Balranald, on the completion of the line now in 
progress from Deniliquin to S. Australia. With Sydney, 554 miles N.E., the 
communication is by horse, or occasional river steamer, to Wagga Wagga, thence 
by horse or private conveyance to Tarcutta or G-undagai, thence by Cobb's coach 
to Picton, and thence by rail. Balranald has a post office, a court of petty sessions, 
and a non- vested national school. It is the place of nomination for the electoral 
district of Balranald. The hotels are, the Balranald (Russell's), and the Royal 
(Young's). There are no coach offices in the town, and the carrying by the 
river steamers is done through the agency of Sparks, Cramsie, & Co., store- 
keepers. There are two commodious punts for crossing the Murrumbidgee, Balranald 
being the principal crossing place for stock from S. Australia to Victoria. The 
surrounding country is sandy and flat, and lightly timbered with mallee scrub, gum, 
box, and pine. The geological formation is older pliocene tertiary. The population 
numbers about 100 persons. 

Balranald electoral district embraces the pastoral districts of lower Darling and 
Albert, and portions of those of Murrumbidgee and Lachlan ; and is bounded on the 
S. from the boundary between New South Wales and South Australia, by the Murray 
river, upwards, to the confluence of the Wakool river, and by that river to the con- 
fluence of the Edward river ; thence by the boundary between Messrs. Sylvester and 
Smith's, and Mr. Guerson's runs, N., and the N. boundary of all the runs fronting on 
the Edward river, below the confluence of the Billibong creek, and on that creek, E. , 
to a point exactly S. of the boundary between M'Leay's Mulberrygong run, and 
Clarke's Burrabogie run ; on the E. by a line, N. , to that boundary, and by that 
boundary to the Murrumbidgee river, by that river downward, to the boundary 
between Rae's Uardry run, and Oake's Beabula run, thence by a line, N., to the 
Lachlan river, at a point 5 miles below the Ballanjerambal reserve, thence by the 
Lachlan river, upwards, to the confluence of Kalingalungaguy creek, thence by a line, 
N.W. to fort Bourke, on the river Darling, and by that river, upwards, to the point 
where the 30th parallel of S. latitude meets it ; on the N. by that parallel, W. , to the 
boundary between New South Wales and South Australia ; and on the W. by that, 
boundary, being the 141st meridian of E. long., S., to the river Murray, aforesaid. 
This electorate returns 1 member to the legislative assembly, the present repre- 
sentative being J. J. Phelps, Esq. The number of registered electors in this district 
is 1061. 

Balranald police district embraces an eastern portion of the pastoral district 
of Darling, and is bounded on the S. from the confluence of Taila creek by the 
Murray river, upwards, to the Wakool river, and by that river, upwards, to 
the confluence of the Edward river, thence by the boundary dividing Messrs. 
Sylvester and Smith's Salisbury plains (Moolpur) run, now Salisbury plains and 
Burrawang runs, and Mr. Guerson's Tararie run, northerly, and the N. boundary 
of Messrs. Sylvester and Smith's run aforesaid, easterly, to its north-eastern corner ; 
thence on the E. by the south-eastern and northern boundaries of Winter run, north- 
easterly and westerly, and the southern boundary of Moulamein block B run, to the 
south-eastern corner of Moulamein block A run, thence by the boundary dividing 
Moulamein blocks A and B runs aforesaid, northerly, to the S. boundary of Nap Nap 
block B run, thence by the southern boundary of that run, westerly, to the boundary 
dividing Nap Nap blocks A and B, and thence by that boundary, northerly, to the S. 
boundary of Nap Nap run, thence by the southern boundary of that run, westerly, 
and by the western boundary of that run, northerly, to Wangora creek, and by that 
creek, downwards, to its confluence with the Murrumbidgee river, and thence 
by that river and the Lachlan river, upwards, to the S. boundary of the reserve at 
Oxley, at a point on the Lachlan river, about 12 miles above its confluence with the 
Murrumbidgee, thence by the S. boundary of that reserve, westerly 1 k mile, and the 
W. boundary of that reserve and its northerly prolongation, being in all a line bearing 
N. 112 miles, being the boundary dividing the pastoral districts of Lachlan and 
Darling ; on the N. by the boundary dividing the pastoral districts of Darling and 
Albert, bearing N. 76° 30' W. about 20 miles to the boundary dividing Kilfera blocks 
J and K runs ; thence on the W. by the boundary dividing Kilfera blocks K, L, M, 
N, and north Clare 3, from those of Kilfera J, H, F, D, and A runs, southerly, to the 



Bal— Ban] 



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23 



south-western corner of north Clare run 3 aforesaid, at the south-eastern corner of 
Kilf era block A run, thence again on the N. by S. boundaries of Kilfera blocks A 
aforesaid and B and C, westerly, and by a line in continuation, westerly, to the E. 
boundary of north Panban run, and thence by the E. and N. boundaries of that run, 
northerly and westerly, to the north-western corner of that run ; on the W. by the 
boundary dividing north Panban, Panban, Garapung, Golgalow, north Turlee, north 
Turlee block A, and outer back Turlee block C runs from west Panban blocks, B and 
A, east Tarcoola, east Tarcoola block A, outer back Bullanmong, Arumpo, and 
Baraguy runs, southerly, westerly, and again, southerly, to the south-western corner 
of outer back Turlee block C aforesaid, thence by the S. boundary of the latter run, 
easterly, to the north-western corner of outer back Turlee block B, and thence by the 
western boundaries of that run and Boomiaricool run and the continuation of that line 
bearing S. to the N. boundary of Caringi run, thence by the N. and W. boundaries of 
that run, westerly, and southerly, to its south-western corner, and thence by a line 
bearing S. to the confluence of Taila creek with the Murray river, aforesaid. The 
place of petty sessions in the district is BalranalcL 

BALTIMORE STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Flood, Edward ; area, 
15,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the recently 
appraised rental, is £40. 

BAMBAH STATION ( Warrego district) • occupiers, Hay and Campbell ; area, 
25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 5s. 

BAMB0 CHEEK {Go. Dumpier) is a small N. tributary of the Tuross river, 
falling into it about 8 miles S. W. of Coila. Sandstone and trap rock. 

BANANDRA STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Peter, John ; area, 
58,000 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. The nearest post town is Narrandera. 
The old charges were £80 ; recently appraised rental, £286. 

BAN BAN (or Canalga) STATION {Wellington district) ; area, 23,689 acres ; 
occupiers, Oaks and Josephson ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Bourke. The old charges were £47 10s. ; the recently appraised 
rental, is £95. 

BAN BAN STATION {Wellington district); area, 25,600 acres; occupiers, 
Christie and Wentworth ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Bourke. The old charges were £50 ; the recently appraised rental, is £130. 

BANDALLA CREEK {Co. Argyle) is a small tributary of the WindeUama 
creek. Limestone. 

BANDALLA CREEK {Co. Gowen, Bligh district) is a N. tributary of the 
Castlereagh river, rising in mount Cowang, a detached peak belonging to the Warra- 
bungle range, and flowing S. through the villages of Uraldabinia and LarrOn, at the 
latter of which places it is crossed by the road from Mundooran to Tinandry and 
Mingery. Its course is through flat plains of good pastoral country. Basalt, with 
deep alluvial deposit. 

BANDAM0RA CREEK {Co. Roxburgh) is a small E. tributary of the Round 
Swamp creek, flowing through ground taken up by small settlers for agricultural 
purposes. The geological formation is sandstone, limestone, and slate, with good 
alluvial deposit in the bed, and on the banks, of the creek. 

BAND0N GROVE, 32° 25' S. lat., 151° 42' E. long. {Co. Durham), is a small 
postal township in the electoral district of the Williams, and police district of Dungog. 
it is situated on the E. side of the Chichester river, at its junction with the Williams 
river. There is a tobacco factory (W. A. Smith's) in the township, which lies in an 
agricultural district. The nearest township is Dungog, distant about 8 miles S.E., 
the communication being by horse or dray only, the mail being conveyed on horseback, 
thrice a week. With Sydney, 131 miles S.S.E., the communication is by horse or dray 
to Dungog, thence to Clarence town by mail cart, and thence by steamer twice a week, 
or through Gresford or Stroud, 20 miles E. and W. respectively. The surrounding 
country is an elevated broken mountainous one, with numerous agricultural farms 
in the immediate neighbourhood, and on both sides of the river. A few parties are 
employed on the slopes of the ranges cutting cedar, which grows in occasional place3 
and attains a considerable size. The geological formation of the district is generally 
ferruginous sandstone. The population numbers about 200 persons. 



/ 



24 



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BANDON STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Newell, James ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 300 head of cattle. The old charges were £24 Is. 3d. ; the 
recently appraised rental, is £45. 

BAND0 PLAINS STATION {Liverpool plains district) • occupier, Francis, J. 
and White, H. C. ; area, 51,200 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. The old 
charges were £S0 ; the recently appraised rental, is £160. 

BANFIELD ( Co. Gloucester) is a small agricultural settlement, in the electoral 
district of the Hastings, and police district of Dungog. It is situated on the Williams 
river, about 7 miles N. of the township of Clarence town, and has a small population 
of settlers engaged in the cultivation of small farms. The commimication with Clarence 
town is by horse only, the Williams being crossed at Banfield by a fallen tree bridge, 
or forded, except in time of flood. Much of the land at Banfield is reserved for church 
and school purposes. Sandstone and limestone. 

BANGALAL STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Barry, Lawrence ; area, 
1700 acres ; grazing capability, 300 head of cattle. The old charges were £14 13s. 
2d. ; the recently appraised rental, is £25. 

BANGALAL STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Conway, Matthew ; area, 
4600 acres ; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. The old charges were £14 13s. 
9d. ; the recently appraised rental, is £20. 

BANGALORE CREEK {Co. Argyle) is a small tributary of the Mulwaree ponds, 
flowing through the rich pastoral country of. the Gotdburn plains. Granite and 
limestone. 

BANGAL0EE GAP {Co. Argyle) is a passage through the ranges, on the road 
between Goulburn and Braidwood. Sandstone, slate, and limestone. 

BANGANBAN {Co. Wynyard) is a small agricultural settlement lying 7 miles 

N.W. from the township of Adelong. 

BANGAR00 STATION (Wellington district) ; occupier, Icely, Thomas ; area, 
15,620 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental, is £60. 

BANGA STATION {Wan-ego district); occupier, Allen, George; area, 24,600 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £370. 

BANGA STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Broadhurst, E. ; area, 375,000 
acres : grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £72. 

BANG-BANG CHEEK {Co. Monteagle) is a small E. tributary of the 
Crowther creek, falling into it at the township of Koorawatha, through which it 
flows in a W. direction. Metamorphic. 

BANGHEET STATION {G-wydir district) ; occupier, Alexander H. Richardson; 
area, 9900 acres, grazing capability, 1800 head of cattle. The old charges were £111 
17s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental, is £110. 

BANG0 CREEK {Co. King) is a N. tributary of the Yass river, rising in the 
low scrubby ranges to the N. of Yass, and flowing S. about 5 miles into the Yass 
river, at the township of Yass. It waters rugged pastoral and agricultural country. 
Metamorphic. 

BANGUS STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Thomas Walker ; area, 
25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £80 ; the recently 
appraised rental, is £75. 

BANKEET STATION (Warrego district); occupier, Forrester, George; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £36. 

BANKEET UPPER STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Forrester George ; 
area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. 

BANKS CAPE, 34° S. lat., 151° 16' E. long. {Co. Cumberland), is the N. head 

of the entrance to Botany Bay. 

BANKSTOWN, 33° 55' S. lat., 150° 59 E. long. (Co. Cumberland), a postal 
township in the parish of Bankstown, and electoral district of central Cumberland, 



Ban— Bar] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



25 



13 miles S.W. from Sydney on the Southern road. The George's river (brackish) 
flows past the town at a distance of about 2 miles S. The district is an agricultural 
one, the industry being chiefly market gardening, the land is, however, poor, and a 
number of persons subsist by cutting the timber which grows upon it. From this 
cause the Crown lands are rapidly becoming cleared. The nearest places are, Liver- 
pool, 7 miles S.W., and Burwood and Enfield, small villages, suburban to Sydney. 
With, these places, as with Sydney and all other towns on the line, the communication 
is by rail from Haslem's creek station, distant 4 miles from Bankstown. There is 
also a coach to Sydney, leaving at 7 '30 a.m., and returning at 7 '15 p.m., every day, 
which is by far the most direct way. The nearest method of reaching Liverpool is also 
by the Southern road (although there is no coach), the distance by rail being consider- 
able. The hotels are, the Globe (Leech's), and the St. Patrick (McQuillan's). The 
surrounding country is moderately hilly, and intersected by several small unimportant 
creeks. The soil generally is hard and stony, and overlies beds of clay, from this 
cause, and from there being no proper control exercised, the roads are in a deplorable 
state, and almost totally impassable in wet weather. There is a small bridge at Banks- 
town, but it is at present out of repair. The population of the neighbourhood numbers 
about 1000 persons. The geological formation is principally sandstone. 

Bankstown is the name of one of the original districts of the county, it is bounded 
on the E. side by Botany bay district ; on the N. side by the Liverpool road ; on the 
W. and S. sides by Prospect creek and George's river. 

BANNOCKBURN STATION (New England district ; occupier, William 
Durham; estimated area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The 
old charges were £111 17s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £120. 

BANNOCKBURN STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, James Dickson ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

BANN00 RIVER (Co. Macquarie) is a small stream flowing from Mount 
Bolumbain into the Ellenborough river on its E. side. Sandstone, shale, and 
limestone. 

BANTRY BAY (Co. Cumberland) is the KE. branch of the head of Middle 
Harbour. It is a favourite place for pleasure excursions. Sandstone. 

BARAB00L PLAINS {Co. Baradine) is the name given to a large tract of open 
flat grazing country lying in the W. part of the Liverpool plains, and between the 
Baradine creek on the S. , and the Namoi river on the N. The road from Coonobara- 
bran to Walgett passes over these plains. Pliocene tertiary. 

BARA CREEK (Co. Phillip) is a N. tributary of Lawson's creek, rising in the 
W. slope of the Australian Alps, and flowing through some land well adapted for 
cultivation, past the foot of mount Bara, into the main stream at C. Roberts's 1280 
acres. Ferruginous sandstone and conglomerate. 

BARADINE (Co. Baradine) is a small newly proclaimed, and recently sold, 
township, in the parish of Baradine, electoral district of Gwydir, and police district of 
Wee Waa, situated on the confluence of the Bogledi and Baradine creeks, about 30 
miles N.W. of the township of Coonabarabran, and on the main road from that place 
to Walgett and Bourke. With these places there is communication by horse or dray 
only ; that with Sydney being via Coonabarabran to Cassilis on horseback, thence by 
coach to Singleton twice a week, thence by rail to Newcastle, and thence by steamer. 
There are as yet only a few buildings in Baradine, the nearest post office and hotel 
being at Coonabarabran. The country is flat and wholly pastoral, although there is 
some good agricultural land on the banks of the creeks. The general geological for- 
mation is basaltic, with deep black alluvial mould, and sandy drift. The population 
numbers about 30 persons. 

BARADINE is a county in the pastoral district of Liverpool plains, the 
boundaries of which are open to modification. It contains at present an area of 
1432 acres of alienated land, and 1,326,568 acres unalienated. 

BARADINE (or Bungle Gully) CREEK (Co. Baradine, Liverpool Plains 
district) is a S. tributary of the Namoi river, rising in the Warrabungle range (the 
Arbuthnot range of Oxley, 1818), and flowing N.W. about 80 miles through flat 
pastoral country, intersected with belts of small timber and brigalow scrub, into the 
main stream in the Barabool plains. The road from Coonabarabran to Walgett runs 



20 



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alongside this creek for a considerable distance, crossing it in several places. The 
Baradine is fed by the Dandry, Bogledi, Spring, Worrigal, Polebangi, and Cabangoola 
creeks. The geological formation of its upper part is basaltic, with ironstone and deep 
alluvial deposit, that of the lower part granitic, with pliocene tertiary drift. 

BARADINE STATION (Liverpool plains district) i; occupier, Walker, Mrs. 
Robina R. ; estimated area, 19,840 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. 
The old charges were £40, the recently appraised rental is £50. 

B ARAM A (or Exmouth) MOUNT [Go. Leichhardt) is the highest peak of the 
"Warrabungle range. It attains an altitude of 3000 feet above the level of the sea, and 
lies 10 miles W.N.W. of Coonabarabran. This mountain presents a perpendicular 
cliff of at least 1000 feet high, when its descent becomes more gradual to its base in 
the beautiful valley beneath. It is principally composed of the ironstone found upon 
it. Its perpendicular cliffs, according to Oxley's description, are basaltic. 

BARAMBOLA STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Gordon, John ; 
area, 40,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6,000 sheep. The old charges were £60, the 
recently appraised rental is £150. 

BARA MOUNT (Co. Phillip) is a high peak in a S.W. spur of the Blue 
Mountain range, lying on the W. bank of the Bara creek, and about 12 mile3 
N.E. of the town of Mudgee. It is well wooded with gum and stringybark. 
Sandstone. 

BARATTA, or TEN MILE WATERHOLES (Co. Wakool), is a small 
roadside pastoral hamlet, lying between Moulamein and Deniliquin, 35 miles S.E. of 
the former, and 37 miles N.W. of the latter. The surrounding country consists of 
level salt bush plains, intersected by belts of myall scrub and gum and box forest. 
The population is small and scattered, being employed on the squattages of the 
district. The coach between the two places mentioned passes through the hamlet 
twice a week. Pliocene tertiary. 

BARBER'S CREEK {Co. Camden) is a small creek rising to the E. of Marulan 
and flowing into the Shoalhaven river. Trap rock and limestone. 

BARBER'S CREEK {Co. Harden). See Talmo Cheek. 

BARBER'S GAP {Co. Harden) is a passage over some rough scrubby hills, at the 
head of the Oak creek, in the parish of Talmo. A horse track from the junction of 
the Murrumbidgee and Goodradigbee rivers to Jugiong crosses at this gap. The 
geological formation is of granite and limestone. 

BARBERGAL (Co. Lincoln) is a small agricultural settlement, lying 15 miles N.E. 
of the township of Dubbo. 

BARBXGEL STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Cornish, B. E. ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. The old charges were £40, the recently 
appraised rental, is £50. 

BARB0RAH CREEK (Co. Northumberland) is a small tributary of the Man* 
grove creek near its source. Sandstone. 

BARBTJNGA HEAD (Co. Dampier) is a sandstone promontory standing out 
from the coast opposite mount Dromedary, about half way between the Tuross and 
Bega rivers. 

BARC0M GLEN (Co. Cumberland) is the name given to a deep gully lying 
on the E. side of the city of Sydney (Darlinghurst), and leading from Victoria-street 
into the Vale of Lacroza, across the Rushcutter's creek. Sandstone. 

BARE HILL (Co. Welleslcy) is a peak of the south coast range, lying in the 
rugged pastoral country to the S. of Bombala, about 12 miles distant from that place, 
and on the W. of the road from Gipps Land, via the Genoa river, to New South 
Wales. As its name implies, this hill is devoid of timber. The geological formation, 
is upper silurian, with broken basalt and metamorphic mica, chlorite, and talc. 

BARENOSE STATION (Wellington district) ; occupier, Smith, J. ; area, 
6000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £21 5s. ; 
the recently appraised rental is i.'40. 

BARG0 BRUSH (Co. Camden) is a tract of fine, thickly timbered, agricultural 



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land, lying on the Bargo river, between the townships of Picton and Mittagong. 
Much of the land is taken up by settlers. 

BARGO RIVER [Go. Camden) is a small stream rising near Mittagong, and 
flowing in a X. direction through the Bargo brush into the Nepean river, on its W. 
bank, a few miles S. of Picton. Sandstone. 

BARHAM STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Lee, B., and Suther- 
land, A. ; estimated area, 61,000 acres ; grazing capability, 200 head of cattle. The 
nearest post town is Deniliquin. The old charges were £160 ; the recently appraised 
rental is £400. 

BARIGAN (Co. Phillip) is a small hamlet on the creek of the same name, lying 
on the road from Dungeree to Merriwa. Sandstone and clay slate. 

BARIGAN CREEK (Co. Bligh) is a fine stream of water rising in the dividing 
range, near Dabee, and flowing N. past the village of Barigan into the Wollar creek ; 
it is fed by the Dernen and Botobolen creeks. Carbonarous sandstone. 

BARIGAN STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Kennedy, W ; area, 
35,840 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Merriwa. 
Charges, £45. 

BARLOW'S CREEK {Co. Hardin r/e, New England district) is a small E. tribu- 
tary of the upper end of the G-wydir river, rising near the village of Abingdon, 
and flowing W. through a generally auriferous country. The geological formation is 
hornblendic granite, in the detritus of which the gold is usually found. 

BARMEDL1AN STATION [Lacblan district) ; occupier, Simmons, W. ; area, 
36,000 acres; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Forbes. The old charges were £50 ; the recently appraised rental is £95. 

BARNES'S (Go. Wallace). See Buckley's Crossing-place. 

BARNARD RIVER (Co. Gloucester and Macquarie) is a fine N. tributary of the 
Manning river, rising in the dividing range near Hanging rock, and flowing W. past 
the township of Gyra into the main stream at the junction of the roads from 
Wingham to Nowendoc and Gloucester. Sandstone and limestone. 

BARNEY DOWNS (Co. Clive) is a tract of fine pastoral land lying at the head 
of the Demon and Cataract rivers, and to the E. of Tenterfield, over the ranges. 

BARNEY DOWNS STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Dixson, D. ; 
area, 43,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1S00 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Tenterfield. The old charges were £111 17s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental i3 
£120. 

BARNEY'S HILL (Co. Gresham) is a high detached hill on the Boyd river, near 
the junction of the Guy Fawkes river. Sandstone. 

BAR0NNE CREEK (Co. Gowen, Bligh district) is an E. tributary of the Cas- 
tlereagh river, rising in mount Moorogan, and flowing W. through the Baronne plains. 
It is fed by the Tinandry creek. Pliocene tertiary. 

BARONNE PLAINS (Co. Leichhardt), is a large tract of open, flat pastoral 
country, lying on the E. bank of the Castlereagh river, to the S. of Coonamble. 
Pliocene tertiary. 

BAR0NIA CREEK (Co. Gloucester) is a small drainage creek flowing into Port 
Stephens on its N. shore. Sandstone. 

BAROO CREEK (Co. Gmgh) is a small N. tributary of the Mitchell river. 
Sandstone. 

BAR POINT (Co. Northumberland). See Broken Bay. 

BARRABADEAN STATION (Wellington district) ; occupier, Strathorne, J. ; 
area, 96,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old charges, £40 ; new 
appraisements, £40. 

BARRABA, 30° 24' S. lat., 150° 35' E. long. (Co. Darling) is a postal town- 
ship in the parish of the same name, electoral district of Liverpool plains, and police 
district of Tamworth. It is situated on the Manilla river, Bell's mountain lying 5 



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miles N. , and Ironbark creek flowing into the Manilla river 7 miles below the town- 
ship. The district is agricultural and pastoral, there being also alluvial diggings at 
Crow's mountain, 12 miles distant, and rich quartz reefs at Woodsreef, 9 miles E. 
The nearest places are Woodsreef village, 9 miles E. ; Cobbadah, 12 miles Is. ; 
and Manilla, 30 miles S. ; with which places there is communication by horse or dray 
only, the mail being conveyed on horseback twice a week. With Sydney, 303 miles 
S. E. , the communication is by horse or private conveyance to Tarn worth (the nearest 
telegraph office) 60 miles S. , thence by Gill's coach to Singleton, thence by rail to 
Newcastle, and thence by steamer. There is a post office, a court of petty sessions 
once a month, and two hotels — the Barraba Inn, and the Stockman's Arms. The 
surrounding country consists of valleys and plains, stretching S. from the neighbour- 
hood of the township. The geological formation is generally of silurian shales, the 
mountains and ridges to the N.E. and W. consisting of altered schists (slates and 
flagstones), with quartz, sometimes auriferous, in many places. The population 
numbers about SO persons. 

BARE ABA CREEK (Co. Darling) is a small S. tributary of the Manilla creek, 
flowing through pastoral country into that river at the township of Barraba. Granite, 
with alluvial deposit. 

BARRABA STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier. Adams, A. A. ; area, 
28,200 acres ; grazing capability, 1440 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Barraba. Old. charges, £90 ; new appraisement, £270. 

BARRABA STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Hoskinson, John ; 
estimated area, 76,800 acres ; grazing capability, 1920 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Barraba. The old charges were £60 ; the recently appraised rental is 
£80. 

BARRABA DETACHED STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, 
Hughes, Esther ; area, 37,760 acres ; grazing capability, 160 head of cattle and 4000 
sheep. The nearest post town is Barraba. Old charges, £50 ; new appraisement, 
£120. 

BARRABA STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Hughes, Esther ; 
area, 40,4S0 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Barraba. Old charges, £60 ; new appraisement, £87. 

BARRAD00N STATION [Gwydir district); occupier, Sullivan, Thomas; area, 
25,600 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £33 ; the recently 
appraised rental is £75. 

BARRAHINEBIN [Co. Northumberland), a large swamp lying nine miles from 
Newcastle. 

BARRAMI (or James's) CREEK (Co. Hunter) is a S. tributary of the Goulburn- 
river. Sandstone. 

BARRANEAL STATION [Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Richardson and 
Wrench; area, 19,840 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £33. 

BARRARA STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, McLeod, James ; area, 
24,320 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Wentworth. 
Charges, £33. 

BARRARA E. STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, McLeod, J. ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Wentworth. 
Charges, £30. 

BARRARA E. DIVIDED STATION [Darling district) ; occupier, McLeod, J. ; 
area, 26,450 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Went- 
worth. Charges, £30. 

BARRENGARRY (Co. Camden) is a high peak of the Illawarra ranges, attain- 
ing an elevation of 2500 feet above the level of the sea. Sandstone. 

BARREN JACK, or BELOWHU {Co. Harden) is a lofty and detached moun- 
tain, covered at the base with rough scrub and thick timber, and consisting of a 
huge mass of bare and rugged rock at the su mmi t. It lies on the N. bank of the 
Murrumbidgee river, near the junction of the Goodradigbee river, and about 10 
miles S. of the town of Bookham. The geological formation is of granite and 
limestone. 



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BAEEENJUEY HEAD {Co. Cumberland) is a point of land situated in the 
parish of Narrabeen, in the hundred of Pakenham. It is a rocky peninsula, 
bounded by the sea on the E., and Pittwater on the W., extending E. and W., and 
joined to the main land by a narrow isthmus of land. This remarkable spot is 
inhabited by fishermen, who supply the settlers of the Hawkesbury as far as the 
river admits of navigation. They also ferry travellers across Broken Bay to Brisbane 
Water. Coasting vessels and steamers often put in here for safety, and when weather- 
bound from the northward, Hunter river, Port Maccpaarie, Port Stephens, Moreton 
Bay, the Clarence, Richmond, Macleay, and North Australia, they cast anchor in 
Pittwater, whence passengers prefer walking across to Balgowlah, and getting to 
Sydney that way, there being a ferry across Middle Harbour, from whence there is a 
track to Milsom's and Billy Blue's point, opposite to Sydney, where there are other 
ferries. Sandstone. 

BAEBEN JUMBO [Co. Dumpier) is a lofty, bare, rocky peak in the main 
dividing range, and at the head of the Tuross river. Trap and sandstone rock. 

BAEEIEE RANGE {Albert district). See Stanley Range. 

BAEBINGTON RIVER {Co. Gloucester) is a fine stream rising near the head 
of the Manning river, and flowing E. about 36 miles into the Gloucester river. It is 
fed by the Rawdon stream, which forms one of its sources. Sandstone. 

BAEEONA W. No. 2 STATION {Warreyo district) ■ occupier, Bloxham, Edward 
J. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

BAEEY'S STATION [Nexo Enjland district); occupiers, Cook and Stephens; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

BAEWAEEING STATION (Lachlan district) • occupier, Wellman, J. C. ; 
area, 15,200 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £60. 

BAETLEY'S CEEEK STATION {Wellington district) ; occupier, Thomas, 
Tom ; estimated area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £80. 

BAEUNGEEL STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Newcomen, Henry ; 
area, 38,400 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31. 

BAEWANG CREEK {Co. Harden) is a small tributary of the head of the 
Spring creek. It waters Welman's 160 acre and 320 acre lots. 

BAEW0N (or Upper Darling) RIVER {Warreyo and Liverpool plains district) 
is a fine stream flowing from about 29° 10' S. lat., 148° 50' E. long., in a S.W. 
direction, about 150 miles to the confluence of the Culgoa and the Bogan, the three 
forming the Darling river. It is formed by the junction of the Macintyre, Boomi, 
Whelan, and Gilgil rivers. It flows through a varying country, sometimes consisting 
of dense scrub, and at others of arid plains, covered with reeds in dry weather, and 
in winter forming a vast swamp. The road from Walgett to Calandoon, via Caidmurra, 
runs along the E. bank of this river. The Barwon, after the confluence of the rivers 
which form it, is fed by the Mooni, Gwydir, Namoi, Castlereagh, Macquarie, Narran, 
and Bokhara rivers, and the Thalaba, Pagan, Wanouri Ana, and Marra creeks. The 
Barwon divides the district of Warrego on the W. from that of Liverpool plains on 
the E., and flows past the counties of Benarba, Denham, Baradine, and Leichharclt, 
and through the township of Walgett, at the junction of the Namoi river. The 
geological formation is lava, palaeozoic, and pliocene tertiary. 

BASALTIC COLUMN {Go. Howes) ; as its name imports, this is a lofty and 
steep basaltic hill, cropping out from the surrounding sandstone in the New England 
range, on the road from the Manning river to Walcha, about 20 miles N.W. of 
Nowendoc. 

BASIN CREEK {Co. Goulbum) is a fine mountain stream, flowing through 
deep gullies from the E. spur of the Jergyle mountain into the Murray river, a few 
miles E. of Dora. The formation of its course is principally schist at the bases, and 
granite at the summits of the hills. 

BASS POINT [Co. Camden) is a rocky promontory standing boldly out into 
the sea to the N. of Shellharbour, and to the S. of the Illawarra lake. Sandstone. 

BASTOBEICK STATION [New England district); occupiers, Clogher and. 
McLeod ; area, 15,160 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31 Is. lid. 



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BATEMAN'S BAY, 35° 39' S. lat., 150° 12* E. long. (Co. St. Vine* it), is a 
postal and road board township in the police district of Broulee and electoral district 
of Eden. It is situated on the estuary of the Clyde River, which takes the name of 
Bateman's Bay. Mount Budawang stands about 12 miles N.W. O'Hehir's cutting, a 
pass through a low range, on the S.W., and Cabbage Tree creek 8 miles S.W. The 
district is agricultural and pastoral, the Mogo diggings (alluvial and quartz), being 8 
miles distant. The nearest places are the village of Mogo 8 miles S. and the town- 
ships of Nelligen 14 miles N.W. and Moruya 20 miles S. With which places there 
is communication by horse and dray, and by spring cart to Moruya twice a-week, 
the mail being conveyed on horseback twice a-week. With Sydney the communica- 
tion is by the Hunter and Kembla steamers, twice a-week. There is one hotel in the 
township, the Bateman's Bay Hotel. The surrounding country is undulating and 
the soil poor and sandy. The township is situated in an alluvial flat, over which it 
appears as if the tide had flowed at one time. Coarse gold has been found within 4 
miles at a place called Deep creek, which has, however, never been much prospected. 
The geological formation is sandstone and trap. 

BATH'S CREEK {Co. Bathurst) is a small tributary or head of the Queen 
Charlotte Vale creek, flowing in the Church and School lands, in the parish of 
Ponsonby. Palaeozoic. 

BATHURST, 34° 28' S. lat., 149° 38' E. long. (Co. Bathurst), is a postal 
borough town in the parish of Bathurst, and the electoral and police districts 
of Bathurst. It is situated on the S. bank of the Macquarie river, the 
Queen Charlotte's vale creek running 1ST. and emptying itself into the river 
at the N.E. end of the township. Mount Rankin lies about 9 miles N.W. and 
the Bald hill 2 miles S.W. Bathurst is the principal town in the W. 
district of New South Wales, and one of the most important in the colony. 
The site was fixed upon by Governor Macquarie on May, 1815. That governor 
reached the present site of the town on the 4th of that month, and was at first 
occupied in giving directions for the founding of the new town on the left bank 
of the stream. During the week he was also occupied in making excursions on 
various sides of the plains, and on the 7th he named the town in honour of Lord 
Bathurst, the then Secretary of State for the colonies. From that time it has 
gradually increased in size and importance, until it is now, without exception, the 
finest of all the inland towns of the colony. It is laid out in wide streets, the cross 
streets intersecting the others at right angles. The town is built on a gently undu- 
lating plain, intersected by a deep watercourse, which in some of the streets is 
bridged over. There is sufficient slope for the purposes of drainage, a matter which 
is looked to with a considerable degree of attention. The district in which Bathurst 
is situated is agricultural, pastoral, and mining. Most of the surrounding country- 
consists of large and valuable estates, and in this respect this district may be said to 
contain a larger number of wealthy men than any other in the colony, that is, esti- 
mating property as wealth, some of the estates being almost princely. It is owing to 
this, to some extent, that Bathurst holds the position it does as the first town of the 
New South Wales interior, although the main cause is the great wealth of the dis- 
trict in all the productions that find a ready market in Sydney. As a wheat growing 
country it is second to the district of Orange, but with this exception is inferior to 
no part of the colony. The extent of cultivated land is very great ; almost every 
spot available for the plough, except the large properties before referred to, having 
been enclosed and cropped. Many of the farms are purchased, others rented, and 
31,320 acres have been allotted to 561 free electors under the three clauses of the land 
act, since the passing of that act, being an average of about 55 acres to each selector. 
The gold fields in the neighbourhood are the G-lanmire, distant about 9 miles E. ; the 
Napoleon reef, about 1 1 miles S. E. ; and Cherry Tree hill on the mount Pleasant estate, 
about 4 miles W. These workings are extensive, and afford employment to about 
1700 miners, of which number about two-thirds are Chinese. The mining 
population is settled as follows : — Mitchell's creek, about 100 ; Napoleon reef, 150 ; 
Winburndale creek and its tributaries, 100 ; Glanmire, 350 ; King's plains, 300 ; 
Flyer's creek, 50 ; Millewa, 100 ; and Rockley, about 550. The quantity of gold 
received by escort from the Bathurst gold-fields during the year 1864 was 17,679 ozs., 
which, at £3 lis. 3d. per oz. was of the total value of £62,982 10s. Id. Duringthe 
year 1864 were issued 424 miners' rights, 13 business licenses, and 5 leases, under which, 
latter 600 yards of quartz vein were let. The nearest places to Bathurst are Peel, 18 



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miles N.E. ; Sofala 27 miles, and Wattle Flat 19 miles, lying K. ; Carcoar, 28 miles, 
Blayney 20 miles, and Balmoral 5 miles S.W. ; and Hockley 18 miles S. ; Kelso, 1 
mile E. , and Dunkeld 5| miles W. With, all these places there is communication by 
coach, van, or spring cart ; and with Sydney, 122 miles E. by Cobb's coach daily to 
Penrith, and thence by rail. Bathurst has a post and money order office, a telegraph 
station, a commodious court house (where the quarter and petty sessions and district 
courts are held) and a gaoL Many of the shops and stores are large, well built, and 
equal, both in point of architecture and also with respect to the stock of goods dis- 
played in the windows, to many of those in the metropolis. The churches are all 
handsome structures and are tolerably numerous, the Episcopalians, Roman Catholics, 
Presbyterians, and Wesleyans having all elegantly designed and well-built places of 
worship, and the other religious bodies having also smaller and plainer structures. 
There are numerous public and private schools, and a roomy school of arts, the front 
consisting of shops. The banks are magnificently built structures, and are branches 
of the Commercial banking company, City bank, Savings bank, Australian Joint 
Stock bank, and the bank of New South Wales. There are also branches of the fol- 
lowing insurance offices in the town : — London and Liverpool Fire and Life, Euro- 
pean Assurance society, Imperial Fire Insurance company, Pacific Fire and Marine 
Insurance company, Victoria Insurance company, Colonial Life Assurance company, 
United Fire and Marine Insurance company of Sydney, Sydney Insurance company, 
Northern Fire and Life Insurance company, Liverpool and London and Globe 
Insurance company, and Australian Mutual Provident society. There are 2 newspapers 
published in the town : the Bathurst Free Press and the Bathurst Times. Bathurst has 
a masonic lodge, the Independent lodge, No. 621 E.C., and an odd fellows' lodge, ^fche 
Kincora. It has an acclimatisation society, a branch of the Bible society, a volun- 
teer corps, a cricket club, and an excellent racecourse. At a distance of 3 miles to 
the S. of the township are 51,787 acres of unsold church and school land, lying in the 
parishes of Apsley, Ponsonby, and Oakley. There is a theatre, opened occasionally 
by companies from Sydney. The hospital is a fine capacious building, situated in a 
healthy part of the town and conducted in an excellent manner ; it is sup- 
ported partly by voluntary subscriptions, and partly by a grant from Govern- 
ment. The hotels are numerous and many of them large and well conducted. 
Cobb and Co. have a coach office in the town, where passengers and parcels are 
booked for all parts of the colony ; and Fox and Co., and J. Manning have carrying 
offices for the conveyance of goods by van or dray. Bathurst is under the control of 
a municipal council, consisting of a mayor and councillors. The municipality was pro- 
claimed 13th November, 1862. The estimated annul value of rateable property within 
it is £34,000, from which, including government aid, it derived in the year 1864 an 
income of £3422 2s. ll^d. The expenditure during that year was £4876 10s. 5d. 
The extent of its roads and streets is 25, and the number of registered electors, 809. 
The surrounding countiy is undulating, consisting of a large plain 14 miles long by 7 
miles broad, beyond which rise sloping hills bounded on the E. by the rugged and 
towering Blue mountains. The geological formation is principally sandstone and horn- 
blendic granite, with numerous quartz veins. The population of Bathurst numbers 
about 5000 persons. Bathurst lies 2333 feet above the level of the sea, the mean shade 
temp, is 55° 5\ the mean max. 69° B\ and the mean min. 41° 7'. The prevailing winds 
are S. and W. ; the fall of rain, 29. 62 inches and the rate of mortality, 1 in 42. 

Bathurst police district embraces the S.W. portion of the county of Roxburgh, 
a W. portion of the county of Westmoreland, the E. portion of the county of 
Bathurst, and the N.E. portion of the county of Georgiana ; and bounded on the 
N., from the confluence of Williwa creek with the Turon river, by that river 
downwards to the confluence of Bound Swamp creek, and thence by the range 
forming the W. watershed of that creek, the range for min g the S. watershed of 
Warragunnia creek, and a spur range to Cunningham's creek, opposite to the 
confluence of the tributary falling into it from mount Corcalgong ; by Cunningham's 
creek and the Turon river to its confluence with the Macquarie river, and by that 
river downwards to the confluence of Lewis Ponds creek ; thence on the W. by 
the range forming the E. watershed of Lewis Ponds creek, to the range dividing 
the waters of the Macquarie and Belubula rivers, and by that range S. to the range 
dividing the waters of the Abercrombie and Macquarie rivers ; and on the S. by that 
range E. to the Great Dividing range, at the source of Campbell's river, thence on 
the E. by the Fish River creek to the Fish river, and by the Fish river to the 



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confluence of Solitary creek, thence by Solitary creek upwards to BydaL where the 
Bathurst road crosses that creek, by that road W. to the Great Dividing range, by 
that range X. to the source of Williwa Creek, and by that creek to its confluence 
with the Turon river aforesaid. The places of Petty Sessions in the district are, 
Bathurst, Sofala, Bockley, and Bullock Flat. 

Bathurst electoral district embraces the town of Bathurst ; and is bounded on the 
S., from the Macquarie river by the X. boundary of James Vincent's grant of 62 acres 
to the Vale creek : by that creek, upwards, to the X. boundary of Sir" John Jamison's 
100 acres ; and by the X. boundary of Sir John Jamison's 100 acres, fa rming the S. 
side of Busby-street. W. to Havannah-street ; by the extension of Havannah- street, 
S.W., forming the X.W. boundaries of Austin's. Crilly's, Thompson's, and Mutton's 
purchases, by the ZST. boundaries of William Mutton's 11 acres 1 rood and 23 perches, 
and David Gordon's IS acres and 11 perches, and by the W. extension of that line, to 
the E. boundary of colonel Stewart's grant ; on the W. by that boundary, X. , to the 
S. W. corner of T. J. Hawkins' 320 acres : on part of the X. by the S. boundaries of 
that land, and of James Blaekett's 320 acres, and James Walker's 320 acres. E. . 
to the S. E. corner of Walker's 320 acres : again on the W. by part of the E. boundary 
of that land : again on tne IN . b^ the S. oouno.ary of J. Medleys 100 acres ; again on 
the W. by the E. boundary of that 100 acres. IN". , to the Macquarie river : again on 
the X. and on the E. by the Macquarie river, upwards, to the X. boundary of James 
Vincent's 62 acres aforesaid. It returns one member to the legislative assembly, the 
present representative being J. B. Kemp. Esq. The number of registered electors in 
this district is 1139. of whom 5S9 voted at the last general election. 1364-1365. 

BATHUEST is a county of Xew South Wales, bounded on the X.E. by the 
river Campbell from Pepper creek, and the river Macquarie to the junction of Lewis's 
ponds : on the W. by Lewis's ponds creek to Blaekmams swamp, and thence by the 
range to the Canobolas mountains, thence by the Panuara range and Panuara rivulet, 
to the Belubula stream, and by the stream to its junction with the Lachlan ; on the 
S. by that river to the Abercrombie and the junction of Bocky bridge creek, also by 
that creek to the river Campbell as aforesaid This county is 65 miles in length and 
40 in breadth, and contains 1,190,400 acres. It is divided into the f ©Bowing 63 
parishes, viz. . X. parishes — Aberf oil Coleridge, St. David, Lennox, Ophir, Worcester, 
Clinton. Ereemantie. Byng, Cadogan, Anson. Orange ; E. parishes — Malmesbury, 
mount Pleasant. Bathurst. Crantham. Apsley. Oakley, ArkelL Bonsonby, Lowry, 
Bringellet : S.E. parishes — Xapier. Gall caitli. Three Brothers. Osborne. Shaw. Somers, 
Xeville. Egbert, Boseberg : S.W. parishes— Belubula, Lyndhurst, Lucan, Purfleet, 
Dunleary. Braeebridge. Wangoola, Hampton. Malongulli, Walli, Elenilworth, Tintern, 
Milburn, Coota, Cowra, Tenandra, Chaucer, Canowindra, Billiniari, Glenlogan, Ban- 
garoo ; W. parishes — Clarendon, Carlton, Blake, Beneree. Waldegrave ; and central 
parishes — Errol, Lindsay, Torrens, Cole, Vittoria, Colville, Graham, Beaufort, 
Calvert, Huntley, Shadforth. The number of freehold landholders in this county is 
364, and of leaseholders 231- The extent of land in cultivation is 22,253 acres. 
Under wheat there are 14,202 acres ; under maize, 26594 acres : under barley. 332 
acres ; under oats, 802^ acres : and under tobacco, 3A acres. In the county there 
are 136. 157 acres of unsold church and school land. 

BATHUEST '- Cumberland) is the name >i one of the original districts : 
the county o: Cumberland, bounded on the S. by Prospect Hill and Melville districts; 
on the X.W. sides by the South creek to the bridge : and on the X.E. side by the 
Windsor and Toongabbee roads. 

BATHUEST EALLS (Co. Vernon). See Apsley Falls. 

BATHUEST LAKE (Co. Argyle) is a fine sheet of water, lying amid the 
fertile plains of the S. table land, 2000 feet above the level of the sea, about 20 
miles S. of the city of Goulbum, and 14 mile E. of the township of Tarago. It is 
fed by numerous small streams ; its size, which varies from 3 to 5 miles in diameter, 
depending on the volume of water brought down by those streams. The water is 
clear, although, from its having no visible outlet, slightly brackish. The platypus is 
found in great numbers in this lake, as is also an animal somewhat resembling a seal, 
which comes occasionaBy to the surface to breathe. Lake Bathurst was discovered 
by Hume in 1^17. It lies l'i miles E. from lake George, being separated by the 
Dividing range, which passes between the lakes. The surrounding country is all 
taken up, either by large landowners or, as is the case on the S. side, by small 



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33 



farmers. There is an island or sandbank in the lake, and a small rock above high 
water level, exactly in the centre. The geological formation is sandstone and 
slate. 

BATHIJR3T PLAINS {Cos. Bathurst and Roxburgh) is an extensive tract of 
fine agricultural and pastoral country, about 20 miles in length and 8 miles wide, 
containing about 120 square miles of naturally cleared land. These plains, or rather 
downs, consist of a series of gentle elevations, with intervening plains of moderate 
extent, the surrounding forest country being generally very thinly timbered, and 
patches of forest stretching, at irregular intervals, a considerable distance into the 
plains, like points of land into a lake. These plains are traversed, in the direction of 
its length, by the river Macquaiue, which pursues a meandering course along them, 
having its banks occasionally ornamented with handsome swamp oak. The plains 
are upwards of 2100 feet above the level of the sea — an elevation which compensates 
for 10° of lat. Sandstone and slate. 

BATMAR00 CREEK {Co. Murray). See Bulmaroo Creek. 

BATTERY, THE, STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Napier, Robert ; 
area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capabilities, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 4s. 

BATTERY POINT {Co. Cumberland) is a rocky promontory projecting into 
Port J ackson on the S. side between Farm cove on the E. , and Syduey cove on the E. 
It is situated to the N. of the government house domain, and has a large and well- 
built stone fort with a lofty octagonal tower, the fort mounting 5 forty-two pounder 
guns, and 1 twenty-four pounder, mounted and ready for action, and also 6 six 
pounder guns, unserviceable. The time gun, fired every day at one o'clock, the time 
being taken from the dropping of the ball at the observatory on the flagstaff hill, is 
fired at this battery. A fine stone wharf has been built on the three sides of the 
point abutting on port Jackson, and a stone jetty for the convenience of the 
boats belonging to the men of war lying in port, is constructed on the E. side of the 
point. 

BAUI/KH AM HILLS ( Co. Cumberland) is a small roadside village in the parish 
of Castlehill, hundred of Parramatta, electoral district of central Cainbsrland and 
police district of Liverpool. It lies on the road from Parramatta to Windsor and 
Pitt town, about 5 miles from the former place and 19 mile3 N.W. from Sydney. 
This place is noted for its orangeries, which are extensive and productive. The popu- 
lation is small and scattered, consisting chiefly of small settlers. Sandstone and 
basalt. 

BAYLIT'S STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Peters, Joseph ; area, 6400 
acres ; grazing capability, 2500 sheep. Charges, £55. 

BEARDY PLAINS ( Co. Gough) is the name given to a large tract of fine pas- 
toral country lying to the N. E. of glen Innis and consisting of open undulating downs 
well grassed, and watered by the Beardy waters and its tributaries, the Furrucabad, 
Rocky ponds, and other creeks. Trap rock. 

BEARDY WATERS {New England district) is a fine stream rising in the W. 
slope of the Australian Alps, at the head of Graham's valley, near Stonehenge, and 
flowing N. along the foot of the range for about 30 miles into the Severn river at 
Ranger's valley. It crosses the main road and telegraph line from Sydney to 
Brisbane at Yarrowford, about half way between Glen Innes and Severn, and flows 
through fine land, much of which has been taken up by small farmers. The 
Rocky ponds and Furrucabad creeks empty their waters into this stream to the 
N.E. of Glen Innes. The geological formation of the country through which it 
flows is chiefly granitic. 

BEANPORT STATION {Lachlan district); occupier, Shepherd, Isaac; area, 
18,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. The nearest post town 
is Condobolin. 

BEARBONGr STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Rouse, George ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

BEARBONGr NEW STATI ON {Bligh district) ; occupier, Rouse, George ; area 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

BEBRUE BIABENDO STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Egan, Brian ; 
D 



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area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 600 bead of cattle. Old charges, £40 ; new 
appraisement, £100. 

BECXERNBEENIE STATION {Bligh district); occupier, McPhillamy, Charles; 
area, 60,570 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The old charges were £60; the 
recently appraised rental is £35. 

BECKETT CATARACT ( Co. Vernon) is the name of one of the waterfalls on 
the Apsley river, lying 12 miles S.E. of Walcha. See, also, Apsley Cataract. 

BECTIVE {Go. Ivglis) is a small township reserve, lying 14 miles N.W. of 
Tamworth, on the river Peel, and on the road from Tamworth to Somerton. Sandstone. 

BEDDING GROUND {Co. Wellesley) is a tract of country lying on the Bombala 
river, and supposed to be exceedingly rich in mineral treasure. It lies 8 miles W. from 
Bombala, but has never been properly tested as yet. Trap and granite. 

BEDLAM CREEK [Co. Northumberland) is a small tributary of the lower end 
of the Mangrove creek. Sandstone. 

BEDLAM FERRY [Co. Cumberland) is the name of the ferry over the 
Parramatta river, on the road from Sydney via Ashfield and the Five Dock road 
to Gladesville, or Tarban creek, Ryde, Pennant hills, and Parramatta. It is situated 
about 7 miles W. of Sydney. See also Gladesville. 

BEEMARANG MOUNT {Co. Cook) is the loftiest peak of the Blue mountain 
range. It is 4100 feet in height. Sandstone. 

BEEOWHU MOUNT {Co. Harden). See Barren Jack. 

BEGA, Se^S. lat., 149° 51' E. long. {Co. A ucHand), is a postal township in the 
parish of Bega, electoral district of Eden, and police district of Bega. It is situated 
on the banks of the Bemboka river, at the junction of the Brogo river, the two form- 
ing the Bega river. The Mumbulla mountain rises to a height of about 2000 feet 
above sea level, at a distance of about 5 miles N. , and the Wolunila peak lies about 
14 miles distant S. There is one steam flour mill in the town, and one at a distance 
of about 3 miles ; there is also a steam saw mil], and a printing office. The district is 
an agricultural and pastoral one. It is occupied by a number of farmers and graziers 
on a small scale, occupying land that formerly constituted the run of a company. 
Considerable quantities of grain, cheese, butter, and wool, of excellent quality, are 
exported. The river lands are equal, in their producing capabilities, to any in the 
colony. Coal and kerosine shale mines have been discovered about 10 miles distant 
from the township, on the road to Merimbula. The nearest gold diggings are those at 
the Gidf, distant 51 miles N.W. The nearest places are Panbula, 25 miles S. ; Me- 
rimbula, 21 miles S. ; Tathra, 9 miles E. ; Eden, the finest sea port in the S. district, 
37 miles S. ; and Bodalla, 70 miles N. There is also a new township laid out about 
12 miles S.W., and called Candelo. With Eden the communication is by sailing 
vessel from Tathra, the port of Bega ; and with Merimbula, by weekly steamer from the 
same place. The mail is carried on horseback to Eden via Merimbula and Panbula; 
and also to Bodalla, on the Tuross river, twice a week. With Sydney, 250 miles N. , 
the communication is by steamer from Tathra or Merimbula, weekly ; or, from Eden, 
fortnightly. The hotels are, the Victoria (Mrs. White's) ; The Bega Family (Rixon's); 
and the Traveller's Home ; also a new hotel in course of erection. There is a carrying 
office at the Bega stores, whence a horse dray conveys goods to Merimbula once a 
week. A coach for passengers also runs from the post office stores occasionally, 
usually when ordered only. Bega has a new court house, a church of England, and 
a Roman catholic church ; also 1 national and 2 denominational schools. It contains 
6 stores, and the other usual buildings in a small flourishing town. A court of petty 
sessions is held twice a month ; the nearest district court being at Eden. _ The sur- 
rounding country is elevated, there being several mountain ranges in the district, the 
principal of which are the coast range and the Monara mountains. The country in the 
neighbourhood of Bega is formed of low undulating hills, not unlike the scenery in 
parts of Sussex and Kent. Since the passing of the new land bill, 50,000 acres have 
been taken up in the locality, by free selectors. The geological formation of the dis- 
trict is principally trap and porphyritic granite. The population of the township and 
its immediate neighbourhood, is about 600 ; and of the entire district about 2000. 
The number of voters in the Bega portion of the electorate is about 700. Bega has 



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branches of the European, Liverpool and London and Globe, and Australian Mutual 
Provident societies. 

Bega police district embraces an E. portion of the pastoral district of Monaro, 
and is bounded on the N. from the mouth of the Bega river by the range divid- 
ing the waters of the Bega and Brogo rivers from those of the Bermaguee and Dry 
rivers ; on the W. by the range dividing the waters of the Snowy and Murrum- 
bidgee rivers from those falling to the Towamba and Bega rivers S. to a point due 
W. from Wolumla Peak ; on the S. by a line bearing E. to that peak, and thence by 
the boundary dividing the parishes of Wolumla and Bournda from Cobra and Panbula, 
as shown on the map of the county of Auckland, published by the Government, 
N. and E. to the sea ; and on the E. by the sea to the mouth of the Bega river 
aforesaid. The place of Petty Sessions in the district is Bega. 

BEGA (or Bemboka) RIVER (Cos. D ampler and Auckland) is an important 
stream rising in the S. coast range near mount Nimmitabel, and flowing in a gene- 
ral E. direction for about 60 miles through fine pastoral and occasionally agricultural 
country, into the sea at Tathra. It drains an area of about 550 square miles, and its 
estuary is navigable for small craft. It is fed by the Brogo river, and the Sandy, 
Sheep station, Colombo, Black's flat, Butler's Candelo, Tandawangalo, Wolumla, and 
Jella Jellel creeks. The town of Bega is situated on this river, which is generally 
called the Bega below, and the Bemboka above the township. Trap rock and 
porphyry. 

BEGA STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Tooth, Robert ; area, 1840 acre3 ; 
grazing capability, 100 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Bega. Charges £10. 

BEERY STATION (Bligh district); occupier, Brown, Andrew; area, 16,000 
Acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were, £40 ; the recently ap- 
praised rental is £50. 

BELAR STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Rundle, J. B. ; estimated area, 
16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were, £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £40. 

BELAR CO WELL STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Brown, John ; 
Area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £50. 

BELAR CREEK (C>. Goweri, Bligh district) is a W. tributary of the upper 
part of the Castlereagh river, rising in mount Boreable, in the Warrabungle range, 
and flowing S. E. about 30 miles. Basalt, with deep black alluvial deposit. 

BELBULA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Cornish, E. B. ; area, 32,000 

Acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old charges were £ ; the 

recently appraised rental, £450. 

BELB0RA CREEK (Co. Gloucester) is a smaU S. tributary of the Manning 
river, receiving the waters of the Millbrook and Baker's creeks. Sandstone and 
limestone. 

BELERADA CREEK (Co. Bathurst) is a small E. auriferous tributary of 
the Lewis Ponds creek, flowing into it near the Belerada pass. Sandstone and slate. 

BELERADA PASS (Co. Bithurst) is a pass over or through the low scrubby 
hills bordering the lower end of the Lewis Ponds creek, on the road from Ophir to 
Tambaroora. Granite. 

BELERINGA CREEK (Co. Qxley, Bligh district) is a S. tributary of the 
Gunningba creek, rising near the W. bank of the Macquarie river, and flowing N.W. 
about 50 miles through flat, scrubby country, mostly taken up by squatters. It is 
fed by the Cookaburra creek. Pliocene tertiary, over lower palaeozoic. 

BELERINGA (or Gartjle-Garule) STATION. See Garule-Garule. 

BELF0RD (or JumpHTp), 32° 40' S. lat., 151° 21' E. long. (Co. Northumber- 
land), is a postal village in the parish of Belford and electoral and police districts of 
Patrick's plains. It is situated on the Jump Up creek, within 3 miles of the Hunter 
river and 12 miles of the Wollombi range of hills. The district is an agricultural and 
pastoral one, the cultivation of the grape receiving considerable attention in the 
neighbourhood. The nearest places are Branxton, 4 miles S.E. , and Singleton, 10 
miles N.W., the communication being by rail to both places, there being a platform. 



36 



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[Bel 



on the great Northern railway at Bslf ord, beyond the Branxton station. With Sydney 
the communication is by rail to Newcastle and thence by steamer. There are no 
hotels in the village, the nearest being at Branxton. There are no regular carrying 
offices in Belford, although horse and bullock teams and drays may always be had for 
the conveyance of goods up the country ; the road is, however, at present much in need 
of repair. Much of the surrounding land is reserved for church and school purposes, 
but it appears to be a generally expressed wish in the neighbourhood that that land 
should be put up for sale, as it is the belief that the locality would be greatly 
improved thereby. The surrounding country is undulating, consisting of flats and. 
ridges. The geological formation is ferruginous and carbonaceous sandstone. The 
population is small, and scattered over the various small farms of the district. 

BELGAMILL CREEK {Co. Ashburnham) is a small S. tributary of the Billa- 

bong creek, flowing N.E. through rough pastoral country. Lower palaeozoic. 

BELG9REEN STATION {Bligh district) ; occupiers, Christie and Wentworth • 
area, 76, SOD acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. The old charges were £80 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £120. 

BELLABULLA CREEK {Co. Denison), a small tributary of the Tuppal creek, 
flowing into it from the N. E. near the Tocumwal. Pliocene tertiary. 

BELLABULLA (or Bolabulla) INN {Co. Denison, Murrumbidgee district), a 
wayside accommodation house near the township of Tocumwal, at the junction of 
the" Tuppal creek and Murray river, and on the road from Albury to Deniliquin. 
Pliocene tertiary. 

BELL AL ABA CREEK {Co. Murray) is a small tributary of the head of the 

Molonglo river, rising in the W. slope of the Australian Alps. 

BELLA-LEPPA CREEK {Co. Bligh) is a small W. tributary of .the Krai 
river. Micaceous sandstone and schist. 

BELLAM3I {Co. Camden) is a rocky promontory, and the name of a celebrated 
mining village lying on the sea coast about 4 miles N. of Wollongong. Bellambi is 
best known as a place of shipment for the coal produced in the Illawarra district. 
Carbonaceous sandstone. 

BELL CREEK {Co. Roxburgh) is an auriferous W. tributary of the Tanwarra 
creek, rising in the Wattle Flat gold field, and flowing N.E. through rough, scrubby 
country. The geological formation is sandstone, limestone, and slate, with occasional 
outcropping quartz ridges. 

BELLIMB0PINE STATION {Macleay district) ; occupier, Chapman, Aim ; 
area, 9800 acres ; grazing capability 300 head of cattle ; charges, £11. 

BELLINGERAMBLE (or Dttckama) STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, 
Ramsay, David ; area, 28,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£67 12s. 

BELLINGER AMBEL STATION, S. {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Kirk and 
Goldsborough ; area, 28,000 acres ; grazing capability; 1200 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £92 16s. 3d. ; the recently appraised rental is £300. 

BELLINGER RIVER {Co. Raleigh) is a small stream rising by two arms N. 
and S. , and flowing in an E. direction through low swampy cedar country into the 
ocean about 24 miles N. of Trial bay. It has a shallow shifting channel at its mouth, 
and is only frequented by small vessels trading in cedar. Sandstone and shales. 

BELLOURI CREEK {Co. Gordon) is a W. tributary of the Wambangalong 
creek. Sandstone. 

BELL RIVER {Cos. Wellington and Gordon) is a fine S. tributary of the Mac- 
quarie river, rising to the N. W. of Orange and flowing N. into the Main stream at 
Wellington. It has numerous reaches of limpid water, which fall over gravelly 
pebbles or large boulders, and eddy into smooth pools. It is fed by numerous tribu- 
taries, many of which are auriferous ; the principal are the Catombul, Newrea, Two 
mile, Native dog, Molong, Larcas lake, Weandre, Boldadura, and Cugaburga creeks. 
Sandstone, granite, and slate. 

BELL'S CREEK {Co. St. Vincent) is a small N. auriferous tributary of the 
Araluen creek, flowing into it near the road from Braidwood to Moruya, in the Ara- 



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37 



luen gold-field. This creek is only about 5 miles in length, and lies at an elevation of 
2000 feet above the level of the sea. Granite, trap rock, and metamorphic slate. 

BELL'S CREEK (Co. Gloucester) is an E. tributary of the head of the Hunter 
river. Sandstone and clay slate. 

BELL'S MOUNTAIN (Go. Darling) is a lofty peak of the Mundewar range of 
mountains, lying about 10 miles S. from Cobbodah. Granite. 

BELL'S PEAK (Co. Wellesley) is a lofty peak at the head of Spring Flat 
creek, about 9 miles S. of Nimmitabel. Metamorphic slate, and basalt. 

BELLTHEES (Cos. Durham and Brisbane) is the head station of F. White, 
Esq. It is a polling place for the upper Hunter electorate, and lies 15 miles S.W. of 
Moonan, and 20 miles E. of Scone, on the banks of the Hunter river. It is delight- 
fully situated, possessing the advantage of having 9 miles of river frontage, being 
embedded in a beautiful amphitheatre, through which the Hunter winds, and ap- 
proached by a romantic pass between two conical mountains ; and the lands being 
divided into equal parts, one on each side the river. The geological formation is chiefly 
ferruginous sandstone. 

_ BEL0KA CREEK (Co. Wallace) is a small S. tributary of the Snowy river, 
falling into it near Buckley's crossing place. Trap rock. 

BEL0WRA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, De Sailly and Francis ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £25. 

BEL0WRIE STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Byrne, Charles J. ; area, 
11,800 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Bega. 
Charges, £55. 

BELUBULA GOLD FIELD (Co. Bathurst) is a tract of auriferous country 
lying on the upper part of the Belubula river, between Blayney and Carcoar, and 
between the Cowriga and Coombing creeks. Metamorphic slate. 

BELUBULA RIVER (Co. Bathurst) is a fine large auriferous and important 
stream, rising in the hilly country bordering the King's plains gold field, which it 
drains by several small creeks, and flowing in a S. W. and W. direction for about 90 
miles into the Lachlan River at Bangaroo. Its course is through rugged and scrubby 
pastoral country, with numerous patches of agricultural land, and it waters the town- 
ships of Blayney, Carcoar, and Canowindra, at all of which places it crosses the road 
from Bathurst to Forbes. It also drains the King's Plains and Belubula gold fields, 
and receives the waters of numerous tributary creeks on both sides, the principal of 
which are Neale's waterholes, Coombing, Cowriga or Conibul, Mandurama, Errowin- 
bang, Cadiangalong, Grubbenbun, Marangulla, Limestone, Davy, Liscombe Pool, 
Carrangle, Cargo, Limestone Valley, Panuara, Nyrang, and Gum creeks. The lower 
part of the Belubula river, from the Panuara rivulet to its embouchure, forms the 
division between the counties of Bathurst on the S.E., and Ashburnham on the N.W. 
The banks and bottom of this stream are covered with, rich black soil, which causes 
the flood waters from it to assume almost a black tinge. Nearly the whole of the 
land on both sides the river is taken up for agricultural farms, which are numerous, 
and of all areas. The principal holders, commencing at the head of the stream, are, 
J. Stirling, T. Hassall, T. Icely, W. Lawson, F. J. Rothery, W. M. Rothery, 
J. Grant, T. H. Genings, H. Hughes, T. Winder, and H. Norton — all occupying more 
than 1000 acres. There are also very many farms, varying from 20 to 1000 acres. 
The land to the N. of the river, between Carcoar and Blayney, comprising 84,370 
acres, in the parishes of Calvert, Lindsay, Errol, Branfort, and Belubula, is unsold 
Church and School land. The geological formation of the course of this creek is 
generally sandstone, with black alluvial deposit. 

BELUBULA STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Hennessey, P. ; area, 
3200 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Deniliquin. The old charges were £61 17s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is 
£147 6s. 

BELUBULA STATION ( Wellington district) • occupier, Grant, John ; area, 
10,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. It lies on the Belubula river, near 
Canowindra. The old charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £16 13s. 



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[Bem — Ben 



BEMA CREEK (Co. St. Vincent) is a small E. tributary of the Deua, or upper 
part of the Moruya river. Granite and metamorphic slate. 

BEMBOKA RIVER (Co. Auckland). See Bega River. 

BENANDRA CREEK (Co. St. Vincent) is a small stream rising near the town- 
ship of Currowan, and flowing in an E. direction into the sea, by a wide estuary near- 
point Upright. Sandstone. 

BENANEE (or Taila) LAKE (Co. Taila) is a swampy lagoon, expanding in wet 
weather into a large lake. It lies on the N. bank of the Murray river, about 8 miles 
N.E. of the township of Euston. Pliocene tertiary. 

BENANGROOA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Dwyer, Timothy ;, 
area, 12, SCO acres ; grazing capability, ICO head of cattle. The old charges were £14 
13s. 9d. ; the recently appraised rental is £40. 

BEE" ABBA is the name of a county in the pastoral district of Gwydir, the 
boundaries of which are open to modification. It has at present an area of 1,600,000 
acres, none of which has been alienated. 

BEN BUCKLER (Co. Cumberland). See Bondi Bay. 

BEN BULLEN SWAMP (Co. Roxburgh) is a tract of swampy land, in the hilly 
country, in the parish of Ben Bullen, and forming the head of the Turon river. 
The village of Cullen Bullen lies about 4 miles to the S.W. Limestone, granite, 
and clay slate. 

BENDARB0 STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Sheahan, John P. ; 
area, 6580 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £47. 

BENDEMEER, 30° 58' S. lat., 151° 6' E. long [Co. Tnglis), is a postal town- 
ship in the parish of Bendemeer, electoral district of Liverpool Plains, and police 
district of Tamworth. It is situated on the Muluerindie river, and on the main road 
and telegraph line from Sydney to the N. parts of the colony. The nearest places 
are, Moonbi, 12 miles S. ; Tamworth, 24 miles S. W. ; Uralla, 30 miles ; and Armidale,. 
50 miles N. N. E. ; with which places there is communication by coach. With Sydney,. 
273 miles S., the communication is by coach daily to Singleton, thence by rail to 
Newcastle, and thence by steamer. The district is a pastoral one, with gold 
workings — those of Congai, 7 miles distant. There is a post office, a telegraph office, 
a court of petty sessions, and 3 hotels in the town ; the latter are, the Royal Oak, 
Macdonald, and Woolpack. There is also a steam flour mill in work. The 
population numbers about 150 persons. The surrounding country is mountainous, 
and generally more or less auriferous ; there is every appearance of payable gold, and 
the neighbourhood would, if well prospected, in all probability open up a good gold 
field. Gold has been found in the river, and specks can be obtained in nearly every 
dishful of dirt. The soil is not well suited for agricultural purposes, being poor and 
cold, although the climate is such as to render it profitable in some places. The 
geological formation is granitic, hornblende being widely diffused throughout the 
rocks. 

BENDEMEER STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Perry, Thomas ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Bendemeer. The old charges were, £60 ; the recently appraised rental is £65. 

BENDINNE STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, O'Brien, Cornelius j area 
9250 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. Charges, £25. 

BEND0C RIVER (Co. Wellesley). See Little Plain River. 

BENBOLBAH (Co. Durham) is an agricultural settlement, situated on the 
Williams river, 7 miles above Dungog. Sandstone. 

BEND STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Jones, Edward ; area, 28,200 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head cattle. The nearest post town is Forbes. 
Charges, £31 17s. 6d. 

BEND STATION (Warrego district) ; occupiers, M'Leay, Little, and Co. ; area, 
1 1,080 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £44. 

BENDUCK MURREL STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Marina, Carlo ; 



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area, 12,160 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Hay. The old charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £45. 

BENDUCK STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Barber, Samuel ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Hay. The old charges were £61 17s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £328. 

BENEREE LAGOON (Co. Balhurst) is a sheet of fresh water, about half a 
mile square, lying in the parish of Beneree, about 7 miles S. of Orange township. 

BENGAMBY STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Flood, Edward, jun. ; 
area, 23,040 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £22 10s. 

BENGERALBIJONG STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Icely, Thomas ; 
area, 22,400 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40; the 
recently appraised rental is £75. 

BENILKLY STATION {Darling district); occupier, Tyson, Peter ; area, 64,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Booligal. 
Charges, £60. 

BEN LOMOND MOUNT {Co. Sandon) is a lofty peak of the main dividing 
range, situate at the extreme N. point of the county of Sandon, and in the parish of 
Ben Lomond. It lies about 16 miles N. of the township of Falconer, and on the W. 
side of the main northern road from Armidale to Glen Innes. Ben Lomond is the 
highest point of that part of the dividing range known as the New England range, 
attaining, according to the measurements recorded by the Rev. W. B. Clarke, an 
elevation of 5000 feet above the level of the sea. The Gyra river rises in this 
mountain, and the geological formation consists of greenstone, diorite, felstone, and 
felspar porphyry. 

BERAGO (or Grattai) GREEK {Co. Wellington) is a fine stream rising in the 
ranges lying between the Meroo gold fields and the township of Mudgee, about 10 
miles S.W. of the latter. It flows through W. Reeve's 921 acres, and through the 
Meroo gold fields into the Meroo river. The geological formation is metamorphic. 

BERADY CREEK {Co. Gloucester) is a small S. tributary of the S. mouth of 
the Manning river. Sandstone, with alluvial deposit. 

BERAMBAH STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Strachan, James ; esti- 
mated area, 140,000 acres; grazing capability, 2000 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £123 15s. ; the recently appraised rental is £413. 

BERCHEN LAGOONS STATION {Wellington district); occupier, PhiUips, 
Thomas; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

BEREMAGAD STATION {Murrumbidgee district); occupier, Hay, John; area, 
79,800 acres ; grazing capability, 10,000 sheep. Old charges, £100 ; new appraise- 
ment, £280. 

BERESF0RD is a county in the pastoral district of Monaro. It contains 16,249 
acres of alienated land, and 895,751 acres, unalienated. Its boundaries are, however, 
open to modification. The principal town is Cooma. 

BERSW0MAINIA STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Mort, Cameron, 
and Buchanan ; estimated area, 26,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. 
The old charges were, £61 17s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £80. 

BERGEN-0P-Z00M CREEK {Co. Vernon) is a W. tributary of the Ohio creek, 
joining it about six miles N. of Walcha. Granite and slate. 

BERGEN-0P-Z00M STATION {New England district) ; occupiers, Boulton and 
Bell; area, 44,800 acres ; grazing capability, 16,000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Walcha. Charges, £134. 

BERIARH STATION ( Wellington district); occupier, Cope, Joseph ; area, 14,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 100 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Cannonbar. 
Charges, £23 2s. 6d. 

BERICO CREEK ( Co. Gloucester) is a small S. tributary of the Gloucester river. 
Sandstone and shale. 

BERKELEY {Go. Camden) is the name of a small agricultural settlement lying 
about 6 miles distant from the township of Wollongong. Sandstone. 



40 



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[Ber 



BERN AIT A PLAINS ( Co. Bligh) is a tract of fine pastoral country, lying at the 
lower end of the Coolaburragundy river, N.E. of Cobborah. Granite, with deep 
alluvial deposit. 

BERNARD RIVER STATION {New England district); occcupiers, Cobb, A., 
and Mackay, John ; area, 7680 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Charges, 
£24 8s. 

BEROWRA CREEK ( Co. Cumberland) is a small creek falling into the head of 

Broken bay on its S. side. Sandstone. 

BERRARY STATION [Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Rusden, Francis ; 
area 31,360 acres ; grazing capability, 6,500 sheep. Old charges, £47; new appraise- 
ment, £60. 

BERRELL'S CREEK ( Co. Georgiana) is a S. tributary of Phib's river, flowing 
N. through scrubby country. It is crossed by the road from Bolong to Binda. Sand- 
stone and granite. 

BERREMBEEL STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, John Lupton ; area, 
76,160 acres; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old charges were £61 17s. 6d.; 
the recently appraised rental is £150. 

BERRENDERRY CREEK {Co. Bligh) is a smaU W. tributary of the head of 
the Krui river. Sandstone and metamorphic slate. 

BERRIMA, 34° 29' S. lat., 150° 17' E. long. {Co. Camden), is a postal town in the 
parish of Berrima, and electoral district of Camden, and police district of Berrima. 
It is situated on the Wingecarribee river, at an altitude of about 2,300 feet above the 
level of the sea, the Jellore mountain bearing N.N.W., distant about 10 miles. It is 
situated on the great S. road, 81 miles from Sydney; the village of Sutton forest 
lying 8 miles S.E. ; New Sheffield, 10 miles; Bowral, 7 miles ; Bong- Bong, 6 miles ; 
and Marulan, 28 miles distant. With these places, also with Picton and Goulburn, 
there is communication by daily coach. The communication with Sydney is by coach 
to Picton, and thence by rail, the distance being 81 miles. Berrima is the centre of 
an agricultural district ; it contains 2 flour mills, and an extensive iron foundry, the 
Fitzroy ; it has a court house, probably the most commodious and best constructed one 
out of Sydney, a telegraph office, police station, post and money order office, and gaol, 
the latter a second-class one, having stone walls 18 feet high, and enclosing an area of 
80 yards square. It is constructed in three wings $ having the form of the letter T, 
and has two stories of cells, there being 42 in the lower, and 26 in the upper story. 
The hotels are the Crown, Commercial, Surveyor general's, Coach and Horses, and 
Victoria ; Cobb and Co. have a coach office in the town, and Fox and Co. a parcels 
receiving office at Powell's stores. There are branches of the Sydney and Northern 
insurance companies in the township. Berrima has a masonic lodge (Union lodge, 981 
E. C. ) The township of Berrima is not as yet incorporated, the roads being under the 
control of the Government. The surrounding country is mountainous, the district 
being considered one of the healthiest in the colony, very rich in minerals, especially 
iron ; it includes the Yarra Wah brush recently taken up by free selectors, numbering 
about 300, the majority of whom are men of respectability and means, this brush is 
perhaps, one of the richest tracts of land in the colony, and will, doubtless, ultimately 
become a great and wealthy producing district. There is a good church of England, 
and also a Roman catholic church, both built of stone. Berrima contains about 700 
inhabitants, and has about 200 dwelling houses. The geological formation is trap and 
richly ferruginous and carbonaceous sandstone. There are coal and iron mines in the 
neighbourhood, as Summersleigh and Fitzroy (Nattai). During the year 1864, the 
Fitzroy coal mine produced 3000 tons of coal, of the value of £1500; and the iron mine 
at the same place produced 2000 tons of iron ore, of which 80 tons were manufac- 
tured into pig, and 200 tons into bar iron, of the value of £672. 

Berrima police district embraces a south-western portion of the county of Cam- 
den, and is bounded on the north by a line bearing S.W. from the confluence 
of Cordeaux creek with the Cordeaux river to Lupton's Inn ; thence by a line, 
S.W., to mount Jellore, from mount Jellore by a line bearing N.W. to the Wol- 
londilly river in a line with mount Colong ; on the W. by that river upwards to the 
confluence of Paddy's river, by that ri^er upwards to the confluence of Uringalla 
creek, by that creek upwards, and by a line thence, bearing S. W. , to the source of 
Barber's creek, and by that creek to its confluence with the Shoalhaven river j on the 



Ber — Bib] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 41 



south by that river downwards to the confluence of the Kangaroo river, and by that 
river to its middle source in the Illawarra range ; and on the E. by that range N. to 
mount Murray, and by a line thence to the confluence of Cordeaux creek with the 
Cordeaux river aforesaid. The place of petty sessions in the district is Berrima. 

BERRXMA (or Burramandara) RANGE {Co. Wallace) is a high mountain 
lying in the S.W. corner of the county near the Victorian boundary line. It is on the 
route to Gipps Land and the Omeo, via Forest hill. Mr. M. T. Pratt, of Bombala, 
in a letter addressed to the S. M. Herald, and dated May 13th, 1854, describes this 
mountain as " a great mass of granite." 

BERRY ABAR N. STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Campbell and 
Hay; estimated area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £100. 

BERRY ABAR S. STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Bundle, J. B. ; 
estimated area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £62. 

BERRY JERRY STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Osborne and 
Leitch ; area, 86,400 acres ; grazing capability, 1600 head of cattle. The nearest post 
town is Wagga Wagga. The old charges were £100 ; the recently appraised rental, 
is £245 5s. 

BERRY'S (or Blue's) BAY {Co. Cumberland) is an irregular indentation lying 
on the N. shore of Port Jackson, between Ball's head and Blue's point. It is 
named after A. Berry, Esq. , who has property lying at the head of the bay. There 
is a good ballast quarry on the E. side of the bay. Sandstone. 

BERTJDBA RIVER {Monaro district). See Good-Good River. 

BETEALWEEN MOUNT {Co. Phillip) is a high peak on the Blue Mountain 
range, at the head of the Moolarben creek, and about 9 miles N. W. of Barigan. It is 
rugged and scrubby, and covered with gum, stringybark, and honeysuckle. Sand- 
stone. 

BETHUNGrRA {Co. Clarendon) is a small township in the parish of Beth- 
ungra, electoral district of the Lachlan, and police district of Gundagai. It is 
situated on the main road from Junee to Coramundra, about 15 miles S.W., of the 
latter place, with which there is communication by horse and dray only, and from 
whence there is communication with Sydney by mail coach to Picton, and thence by 
rail. There is one hotel, the Bethungra (Palmer's). The land is, however, unfit for 
agricultural purposes, and the place has advanced but little for many years. The 
population numbers about 20 persons. Granite and shales. 

BETHUNGrRA CREEK {Co. Clarendon, Lachlan district) in a small E. tribu- 
tary of the Billabong creek, flowing through the township of the same name, about 
6 miles S.W. Granite and metamorphic slate. 

BETHUNGrRA MOUNT {Cos. Harden and Clarendon) is a lofty mountain 
lying on the W. side of the Muttama creek, about 9 miles S.W. of Cootamundry. 
Granite, limestone, and metamorphic slate. 

BEVERIDGE'S ISLAND STATION ( Murrumbidgee district ) ; occupiers, 
Beveridge, Andrew; area, 10,240 acres; grazing capability, 300 head of cattle. 
Charges, £25 12s. 

BEVERLY STATION {New England district) ; occupiers, Blaxland, C, and 
Cooper, T. ; area, 80,000 acres ; grazing capability, 12,000 sheep. The old charges, 
were £140 ; the recently appraised rental is £152. 

BEXC0UNT {Co. Wellington) is a small agricultural settlement, lying on the 
Bell river, at the j unction of the Native Dog creek. Metamorphic slate. 

BIALA CREEK {Co. King), a small drainage creek of the N.E. of the Yass 
plains, flowing into the Lampton creek. Sandstone and limestone. 

BIAMBIL STATION {Bligh district) ; oocupier, Walker, Mrs. R. ; estimated 
area, 22,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4,000 sheep. The old charges were, £25 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £56. 

BIBBENLUKE MOUNT {Co. Wellesley) is a hill lying on the Bombala 



42 



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[Bib— Big 



river, about 7 miles N*. of Bombala, and near the land of Messrs. D. Gunn and W. 
Bradley. Metamorphic slate and basalt. 

BIBBENLUKE STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Bradley, William ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 0000 sheep. Charges, £120. 

BIBBENLUKE STATION (Monaro district); occupier, Hibbard, WiUiam ; 
area, 10,673 acres ; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. Charges, £57 10s. 

BIBBIGIBBERY, BACK (Bligh district) ; occupier, Hassell, Jonathan L. ; 
area, 18,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

BIDDI STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, M'Guigan, Mrs. E. ; area, 10,000 
acres ; grazing capability uncertain. Charges, £10. 

BIDEE CREEK {Co. St. Vincent) is a small tributary of the upper end of the 
Endrick river, falling into it above Nerriga. Schistose. 

BIDGEMTJNNIGEE ( Co. King) is a small agricultural settlement, lying about 
5 miles from the township of Boorowa, in an E. direction. 

BIDTJRA STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Ross, William; area, 76,800 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £22. 

BIDURA W. STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Flood, Edward ; area,. 
61,440 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31. 

BIGBADJA HILL (Cos. Beresford and Dampier) is a lofty peak of the dividing 
range lying on the boundary line of Beresford on the W. and Dampier on the 
E. It is in a rough scrubby country, timbered with dwarf eucalyptus, and at the 
head of the Bigbadja river. Trap rock. It attains an elevation of 4000 feet above 
the sea level. 

BIGBADJA RIVER (Co. Beresford) is a N. tributary of the Umarella river, 
rising in a swamp in the Monara plains, lying at the E. foot of Bigbadja mount in the 
Australian Alps, and caused by the drainage from that range. It flows S.W. about 
16 miles through excellent pastoral country, being fed at its upper end by Pepper's 
creek. Trap rock. 

BIG BADGER STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Haslington, Edward 
area, 13,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £25. 

BIG BADGER STATION (Monaro district) ; occupiers, Mahoney, T., and Smith, 
M. ; area, 28,000 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Charges, £44. 

BIG BEND STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, White, James ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

BIG BOGONG, MOUNT (Co. Selwyn). See Jagungal. 

BIGGA, 34° 6' S. lat. 149° 10' E. long. (Co. Geortjiana), is a postal village in 
the parish of Bigga and electoral and police district of Carcoar. It is situated on the 
Sandy creek, the upper branch of the Lachlan river being 7 miles W. Bigga is 
situated in an agricultural and pastoral district — chiefly the latter. The Abercrombie 
alluvial diggings lie within 14 miles N. of the village. The nearest places are Tuena, 
25 miles; Binda, 30 miles S.E. ; and Goulburn, 70 miles E. With none of these 
places is there any communication by conveyance, all travelling being performed on 
horseback. With Sydney, 200 miles, the communication is from Goulburn by Cobb's 
coach to Picton, and thence by rail. There are no hotels at Bigga, and the post office 
is only established there for the convenience of the surrounding settlers, and of the 
diggers and storekeepers at the Abercrombie diggings. The surrounding country is 
elevated, the geological formation generally granitic, and the population small and 
scattered over the small farms of the district. 

BIGGAM STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Cassells, Mrs. H. ; area, 
15,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £35. 

BIGGAM STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Jardine, William ; area, 
12,000 acres ; grazing capability ; 1000 head of cattle. Charges, £25. 

BIG HILL (Co. Cowley) is a lofty detached peak, lying on the W. bank of the 
Murrumbidgee river, between Tinker's and Swamp creeks, and nearly opposite the 
confluence of the Molonglo river. Granite and metamorphic slate. 



Big— Bil] 



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43 



BIG HILL (Co. Harden) is a high hill lying in the parish of Talmo, and on the' 
N. bank of the Murrumbidgee river, near the junction of Oak creek, and about 10 
miles S.W. of Bookham. Limestone. 

BIGLEATHER STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Fitzgerald, Robert ; 
area, 35,600 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £190. 

BIG-LEATHER W. STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Town, John ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges £31. 

BIG RIVER STATION. See Cotjrongowra. 

BIG SWAMP (Co. Goulburn), is a tract of marshy ground on the Murray river 
to the W. of the Jingellee township reserve. It is bounded on the W. by a very high 
scrubby range, principally schist at the base, and granite at the summit. 

Also a similar tract of ground lying under the N.E. slope of the Jergyle 
mountain. 

Also a large swamp (a lagoon in rainy weather), at the head of the Dead Horse 
creek, in the parish of Gerogery, and 8 miles N. W. of Red hill. 

BIG SWAMP CREEK (Co. Goulbvm), is a drainage creek from the swamp 
lying to the W. of Jingellee township, and flowing into the Murray river. Granite,, 
with alluvial drift. 

BILILINGERA STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Cosgrove, John ; area, 
18,000 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. Charges, £87 10s. 

BILLAB0NG (Co. Cook). See Dttrrajong. 

BILLAB0NG CREEK (Co. Ashburnham) is an E. tributary of the Goobang 
creek, flowing W. through the scrubby and rugged pastoral country lying to the N.E. 
of the Lachlan gold fields. It is fed by the Gulf, Oatgrass, Bindogandri, and 
Belgamill creeks. The geological formation of the country through which it flows is 
generally lower palaeozoic, with recent drift, the bare sandstone in many places 
cropping out of the upper deposit. 

BILLAB0NG CREEK (Co. Clarendon, Lachlan district) a N. tributary of the 
Murrumbidgee river, rising about 6 miles N.W. of the township of Bethungra, and 
flowing S. about 25 miles through well-timbered pastoral country. It is fed by the 
Mitta-Mitta and Bethungra creeks, and is crossed by the roads from Bethungra to 
Jewnee, and from Binalong to Wagga Wagga. Granite, limestone, and metamorphic 
slate. 

BILLAB0NG FOREST (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Gemmell, J. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. The nearest post town is Deniliquin. 
The old charges were £23 14s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £53 2s. 6d. 

BILLAB0NG FOREST, No. 2 STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, 
Kennedy, Edward ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old 
charges, £30 6s. ; new appraisement, £53 2s. 6d. 

BILLAB0NG FOREST A STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Glass, 
Hugh ; area, 19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £65 5s. 

BILLAB0NG STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Lee, Thomas ; area, 
19,000 acres ; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Forbes. The old charges were £42 16s. 3d. ; the recently appraised rental is £75. 

BILLAB0NG LOWER STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Lee, T. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

BILLAB0NG BACK RUN (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Lee, T. ; area, 16,000' 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

BILLAB0NG, No. 2 STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Marsden, James ;. 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Forbes. The old charges were £61 17s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £75. 

BILLAB0NG STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, M'Laurin and 
Sons ; estimated area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £130 ; the recently appraised rental is £247 10s. 



[BiL 



BILLABQNG STATION NO. 2 (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Trust and 
Agricultural Company of Australia (limited) ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 
2080 head of cattle. Old charges, £.120 ; new appraisement, £157 10s. 

BXLLAB0NG STATION {Wellington district) ; occupiers, Webb, T. G. and E. ; 
estimated area, 70,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were 
£40 ; the recently appraised rental is £150. 

BILLABUNG (Billybong or Billebong) CREEK (Murrumbidgee district) 
is a long and important creek, flowing through, and, with its tributaries, draining 
the extensive flat pastoral country which lies between the Murrumbidgee on the N. 
^-nd W. , the Murray on the S. , and the Mane's range on the E. The Billabung creek 
rises in the low scrubby hills known as Mane's range, a few miles to the N. of the 
township of Billabung, at which place it crosses the main road and telegraph line 
from Albury to Sydney, and flows S. E. , and then nearly E. , about 250 miles into 
the Edward river at Moulamein. Its course is through the counties of Goulburn, 
Hume, Denison, Townsend, and Wakool, and it passes through the townships of 
Billabung, Morven, Wallandoon, Conargo, Baratta (or Wanganilla), and Moulamein. 
It is fed by innumerable creeks and watercourses, the principal of which are Little 
Billabung, Dean's, Yarra-Yarra, Upper Forest, Pulletop, Back, Jerra-Jerra, Ten 
Mile, Seven Mile, Woomargarma, Major's, Piney range, Serpentine, Cockejedong, 
Colombo, and Yanko creeks, the two last being N. branches of the main creek, and 
connecting it with the Murrumbidgee river. There are several patches of good 
agricultural land along the course of this creek, much of which is cut up into allot- 
ments and sold. A number of dams have been constructed on this creek for the 
supply of water in seasons of drought. The geological formation of the country 
through which this creek flows is schistose, with outcropping granite, quartz, and 
whinstone, and occasional swampy alluvial deposit. 

BILLABUNG (Co. Goulburn) is a small government village, in a parish 
unnamed, electoral district of the Hume, and police district of Albury. It lies on 
the Billabung creek, and on the main road from Sydney to Albury, 42 miles N. N. E. of 
the latter place, and 7 miles E. of the township of Germanton. The communication 
with both places, and with Sydney, being by mail coach. The population numbers 
about 50 persons, chiefly engaged in pastoral and agricultural pursuits. The soil is of 
a, rich red, and well adapted for the growth of the vine, the cultivation of which is 
receiving considerable attention in the district. The geological formation is chiefly 
schist, with granite on the upper part of the ranges. 

BILLIP ALULA MOUNT (Co. Bucleugh) is a lofty hill lying about 10 miles 
■distant from Tumut in a N.E. direction. Granite and slate. 

BXLLAEBIGAL STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, M'Phillamy, Charles j 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

BILLEB00 STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Loder, George ; 
area, 19,840 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

BILLEB0Y STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Colville, Charles ; area, 
18,000 acres ; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. Old charges, £31 ; new appraise- 
ments, £65. 

BILLEB9NG STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Cummings, William ; 
area, 8000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

BILLIBUNGBONE BACK STATION ( Warrego district) ■ occupier, Sullivan, 
Patrick ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

BILL0NG CREEK (Co. Cook) is a small W. tributary of the Hawkesbury 
river. Sandstone. 

BILLY BLUE'S (Co. Cumberland). See Blue's Point and Berry's Bay. 

BILLYB0NG STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Johnstone, D. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

BILLYBONG BACK BLOCK STATION (Murrumbidgee district) • occupier, 
Patterson, Robert ; area, 76,800 acres ; grazing capability, 10,000 sheep. Charges, 
£45. 

BILLYEERA STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Cox, George 



Bin] 



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45 



Henry ; area, 22,400 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. Charges, 
£109 13s. 

BIM3ERI, MOUNT (Co. Co why) is a high peak of the Murrumbidgee range, 
lying near the head of the Goodraclijbee river. Granite and trap rock. 

BIMBLE (or Turidgerie), N., STATION (Bllgh district); occupier, Adames, 
Henry, junr. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

BIMBLE STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Eeardon, Jeremiah ; estimated 
area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post twon is 
Coonamble. The old charges were £400 ; the recently appraised rental is £110. 

BIDOIIL MOUNT {Co. Auckland) is a solitary mountain, situated on the coast 
a few miles S. of Panbula, and forming a prominent landmark for vessels making 
Twofold bay. This mountain attains an elevation of about 700 feet above sea level. 
Its formation is brownish sandstone and red slate, overlying a vein of porphyry, which 
breaks out on the summit of the mountain. 

BINAGrONG STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Peter, John ; area, 
30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 600 sheep. The nearest police town is Narranderra. 
Charges, £50. 

BINALONG, 34° 40' S. lat., 149° 38' E. long. [Go. Harden), is a postal township 
in the electoral district of the Lachlan, and police district of Binalong. It lies on the 
Bangalla creek, and on the road from Murrumboola to Yass, about 20 miles, or equi- 
distant from the two places. The district is pastoral and agricultural ; and with 
Sydney, 203 miles N.E., the communication is by the Yass coach to Picton, and 
thence by rail. There is a branch of the Sydney Insurance company in the town. 
The population numbers about 210 persons. Granite, with deep alluvial soil ; excel- 
lent for growing wheat. There is, however, a lack of permanent water in the neigh- 
bourhood. 

Binalong police district embraces a S.W. portion of the county of King, and 
part of the pastoral district of Lachlan ; and bounded on the east by the Lachlan 
river, from the confluence of Crowther creek to the confluence of Old Man creek, 
at Walla Walla, thence by that creek to its head in the range, dividing the waters 
of the Boorowa and Lachlan rivers, by that range, S. , the S. watershed of Pud- 
man creek and the range dividing the waters of Kangaroo and Laing's creeks, 
to a point on the Boorowa river, 1 mile below the N.W. corner of N. Pv. Bes- 
nard's 326 acres, thence by the Boorowa river upwards to the confluence of 
HassalTs creek, thence up Hassall's creek to its source in the range dividing the Yass 
and Boorowa rivers, thence by that range to the point where it joins the range 
dividing the Yass river and Jugiong creek falls, thence by that range to the point 
where the spur branches, which terminates on the Murrumbidgee at the confluence of 
the Yass river, and thence by that spur to the said confluence ; thence on the south 
by the Murrumbidgee river, downwards, to the confluence of Jugiong creek ; thence 
on the W. by the spur range, and the range dividing the waters of Jugiong creek 
from those of Kitticarrara creek, to where the road from Muttama, via Beggan- 
Beggan to Murrimboola, crosses it, thence by that road N. , crossing Cunningham's 
creek, to the south boundary of the reserve on account of the population of the town 
of Murrimboola, which boundary is distant 2 miles from the south boundary of that 
town ; thence by that boundary E., and the E. boundary of that reserve N., to the 
S.W. corner of the Cunningar reserve from lease, at the S.W. corner of portion 128, 
parish of Civnningar thence by the S. boundary of that reserve E. , 3 miles ; thence 
on the W. by the W. boundary of the Galong reserve from lease (No. 90, notified 
28th December, 1861) N., 5 miles, to its N.W. corner, and by the N. boundary of 
that reserve, for min g partly the S. boundary of J. C. Wilman's 320 acres, and its 
continuation, bearing E., to the spur range forming the E. watershed of Barwang 
creek, thence by that spur and the W. watershed of Douglass's creek, N., to the 
range dividing the waters falling to the Murrumbidgee from those_ falling to the 
Lachlan river ; thence by that range, and the range forming the W. watershed of 
Crowther creek N. , to the confluence of that creek with the Lachlan river aforesaid. 
The places of petty sessions in the district are Binalong and Boorowa. 

BINBEN MOUNT (Co. Phi/lip) is a high peak of the Blue mountain range, 
lying in the S.E. corner of the coanty, at the head of the Cudgegong river. Sandstone. 



46 



Tlie New South Wales Gazetteer. 



BINDA, 34° 20' S. lat., 149° 25' E. long. (Co. Georgiana), is a postal village in 
the parish of Binda, electoral district of Yass plains, and police district of Goulburn. 
It is situated on the Binda Creek, about 50 miles N.N.W. of Goulburn, on the line of 
road between that place and Tuena. The Crookwell river flows about half a mile 
below Binda. The district is both agricultural and pastoral. The nearest towns are 
Laggan, 12 miles, and Tuena, a gold digging township, 25 miles N. With these 
places there is communication by horse and dray, the mail being carried on horseback. 
With Sydney, 185 miles N.N.E., the communication is by horse via Wheeo to Goul- 
burn, thence by Cobb's coach to Picton, and thence by rail. There are 2 hotels in 
Binda, the Farmer's Home and the Flag. The surrounding country is mountainous. 
The geological formation is principally metamorphic slate and limestone, and the 
population numbers about 50 persons. 

BINDA CREEK (Co. King) is a small N. tributary of the Crookwell river, 
forming part of the boundary between the counties of Georgiana and King. It flows 
in the N. part of the Yass plains, and falls into the main stream at the township of 
Binda, where it is crossed by the Bolong and Wheeo, and Tuena and Crookwell 
roads. 

BINDA CREEK (Co. Westmoreland) is a small E. tributary of the Fish river, 
rising in the E. slope of the Blue mountain range, and flowing W. about 8 miles. 
Sandstone. 

BINDI CREEK (Co. St. Vincent) is a small E. tributary of the Shoalhaven 
river, falling into it near the confluence of the Corang river. Limestone and trap 
rock. 

BINDOGrANDRI CREEK (Co. Ashburnham) is a small N. tributary of the 
Billabong creek, flowing S. about 10 miles, through rugged pastoral country. Lower 
palaeozoic. 

BINDOURY MOUNT (Co. Wellington) is a solitary peak on the N. bank of 
the Grattai creek, about 1^ mile E. of its confluence with the Meroo creek. Trap rock. 

BINGrA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Forsyth, George ; area, 4000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

BINGAG0NG BACK PLAIN STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, 
Campbell and Wildash ; area, 28,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old 
charges, £25 ; new appraisement, £448 10s. 

BINGAR No. 1 STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Rankin, J. G. R. and 
A. ; area, 25,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

BINGA-BINGE POINT (Co. Dampier) is a rocky headland, standing boldly out 
into the sea, about six miles N. of the entrance to the Tuross river. Sandstone. 

BINGARA, 29° 53' S. lat., 150° 35' E. long. (Co. Murchison), is a postal township 
in the parish of Bingera, electoral district of the Gwydir, and the police district of 
Warialda. It is situated, on the confluence of the Gwydir river and the Bingera creek, 
and is nearly surrounded by mountains. The district is agricultural, pastoral, and 
mining. The gold workings are alluvial, and are situated on the S., and are known 
as Spring creek, 2 miles; Boorah creek, 6 miles; Main creek, 12 miles ; and Top dig- 
gings, 15 miles distant. There is also a diggings situated 4 miles N.E., and known as 
the Babby Werrilak diggings. The nearest places are Warialda, 28 miles N. ; Cobba- 
dah, 28 miles S. ; and Upper Bingera (or the top diggings), 15 miles S.S.E. There 
are no regular conveyances to these places, and the mails are conveyed on horseback 
twice a week. With Sydney, 356 miles S. E. , the communication is by horse or dray 
to Tamworth, about 100 miles S. , thence by Gill's coach to Singleton, thence by rail 
to Newcastle, and thence by steamer. Bingera has a post office, having a boat for the 
conveyance of the mails over the the river during time of flood ; a pound, a lockup, 
and a court of petty sessions once a month. The only public institution is a mutual 
improvement society, which is in a tolerably flourishing condition. There are some 
good stores, and one hotel, the Bingera. The township is situated on an alluvial flat, 
and is surrounded by mountains on the W., S., and E. sides, and by undulating ridges 
on the N. The mountains are precipitous, and in many parts very thickly timbered 
with ironbark, pine, and green wattle ; good useful timber is, however, very scarce. 
The geological formation is generally upper and middle pakeozoic, connected with ser- 
pentine, charged with chromate of iron, affected by greenstone diorite. Quartz, lime- 



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•47 



stone, and slate are all to be found. The flats are evidently formed by flood 
deposits, and a superabundance of silica pervades the whole of them. The population 
of Bingera township numbers about 150 persons. 

BINGARA CREEK (Co. Mnrchison, Gwydir district) is an auriferous stream, 
flowing alongside the road from Cobbadah to Bingara, and falling into the Gwydir at 
the latter township, on the gold field of the same name. The geological formation of 
the country through which it flows is generally upper palaeozoic, connected with 
serpentine, charged with chromate of iron, and affected by greenstone or diorite. 

BINGARA STATION (Gwydir district)', occupier, Hall, George; area, 44,800 
acres; grazing capability, 1600 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Bingara. 
The old charges were £100; the recently appraised rental is £100. 

BINGARA UPPER (Co. Murchison). See Upper Bingera. 

BINGHAM (Co. Georgiana) is a township reserve, lying on the Isabella river, 
15 miles N. from the township of Bolong. 

BINJTJRA LAGOONS (Co. Beresford) is the name applied to two fine fresh 
water lagoons, a large and a smaller one, lying about 2 miles N. of Cooma, on the 
road to Bunyan and Queanbeyan, and S. of Jew's or Reid's flat. Trap rock. 

BINNI CREEK (Co. Bathurst) is a small E. tributary of the Wangoola creek, 
falling into it about 3 miles N. of the township of Cowra. It is fed by Back creek. 
Lower palaeozoic, with recent alluvial drift. 

BINNI A STATION (Bligh district) ; occupiers, McMasters, D. and J. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1600 sheep. Charges, £40. 

BINNIGUY STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupiers, Eaton and Crawley ; area, 
33,280 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Ihe old charges were, £60 10s.; 
the recently appraised rental is £110. 

BIRAGMABIL (Co. Phillip) is a small private hamlet, the estate of George 
Rouse, Esq., in the parish of the same name, and electoral and police districts of 
Mudgee. It is situated on the W. bank of the Cudgegong river, and has an area of 
20,000 acres. It lies 176 miles N.W. from Sydney, on the main road from that place, 
via Mudgee to Dubbo, the nearest place being Guntawang on the opposite bank of the 
river. Mudgee, the nearest telegraph station, lies 16 miles S.E. ; Cobbara, 32 miles 
N.W. ; and Wyadere 12 miles W.N.W. The nearest hotel is at Guntawang. The 
population of the district numbers about 200 persons. Excepting the extensive banks 
of the river and a few creeks, the surrounding country being hilly, is better adapted 
to pastoral than to agricultural pursuits. There is a steam flour mill lately erected 
(G. Rouse's) in the hamlet. Alluvial gold mining is carried on in the district. The 
river in many parts is very picturesque, and much of the land is under cultivation, 
and of the richest and most fertile description. The communication with the neigh- 
bouring places, and with Sydney, is by means of a weekly coach. 

BIREN STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Newcomen, H. ; area, 38,400 
acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31. 

BIRD ISLAND (Co. Northumberland) is a small rocky islet lying in the Cab- 
bage tree harbour, between Bungaree Norah, and Pier head. 

BIRD'S EYE CORNER (Co. Cumberland). See MENANGLE. 

BIRIE (or Ballandool) RIVER (Warreyo district) is a branch stream flowing 
from the C ulgoa river, in Queensland, in a S. direction into the same river again, in New 
South Wales. It is fed by the Bubbermore creek, and has high well-timbered banks and 
deep water, flowing through indifferent country. The geological formation is lower 
palaeozoic, with pliocene tertiary deposit. 

BIRIE No. 1 STATION (Warrego district) ; occupiers, McLeay and Taylor; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31 Is. 

BIRIE No. 2 STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Orr, Eben; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31 Is. 

BIRKENHEAD (Co. Cumberland) is a small surveyed village in the Five 
Dock estate, occupied only by a few agriculturists, who supply the Sydney market 
with fruit and vegetables. It is situated on the Five Dock road, in the parish of 



48 



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[Bir — Bla 



Concord and electoral district of Canterbury, about 9 miles from Sydney, and 3 from 
Aslifield, the nearest railway stations. The district is rapidly becoming a place of 
residence suburban to Sydney. Sandstone. 

BIRREBOOLA CREEK (Co. BmMand). See Taylor's Creek. 

BIRRIE STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Scott, James ; area, 44,800 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £48 

BIRR00 STATION (Gwydir district) • occupier, Pearse, Joseph; area, 32,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31. 

BISHOP'S BRIDGE, 32°45'S. lat. ; 151° 30' E. long. (Co. Northumberland) is 
a small postal township in the parish of Allandale, electoral district of the Hunter, 
and police district of Maitland. It is situated on the Bishop's bridge creek, and is in 
the heart of a good agricultural district, the land being rich and productive, but sub- 
ject to inundation, which has a depreciating effect on its value. It is principally taken 
up in small farms. The nearest places are West Maitland, 6 miles N.E. ; Lochia var, 
34 miles N. ; and Cessnock, 12 miles, S.W. The means of communication with the 
two first-named places is by rail, from Stony creek station, 4 miles distant E. ; and 
with Cessnock, by horse or dray only. With Sydney, 105 miles S.S.E., the communi- 
cation is from Stony creek station to Newcastle, by rail, 26 miles, and thence by 
steamer. The hotels are, the Traveller's Rest and the Sir John Young. The sur- 
rounding country is undulating, and unsuited for either pastoral or agricultural 
pursuits being carried on to any great extent, but excellent timber is grown in abun- 
dance. The population of Bishop's Bridge numbers about 100 persons. The geological 
formation is chiefly carbonaceous sandstone. 

BXTTANGABBEE HEAD (Co. Auckland) is a rocky promontory, jutting boldly 
out into the sea, and lying about 12 miles S.S.E. of Twofold bay, and 5 miles N. of 
Green cape. Sandstone. 

BLACK BOB'S CREEK (Co. Camden) is a small stream flowing through the 
Wombat brush into the Wingecarribee river. Sandstone and slate. 

BLACKBURN COVE (Co. Cumberland) is a small indentation on the E. side of 
Double Bay. Sandstone. 

BLACK CREEK (Co. Buccleugh) is a small E. tributary of the Tumut river, 
rising in the W. slope of the Blowering range, and flowing W. about 5 miles 
through broken scrubby country. 

Also a small drainage creek flowing through agricultural land in the parish of 
Bogong into the Tumut river. 

BLACK CREEK (Co. Northumberland) is a small S. tributary of the Hunter 
river, rising near Cessnock, and flowing in a N. W. direction through excellent agricul- 
tural country, taken up by settlers, and well adapted for dairy purposes and the 
growth of maize. It is fed by the Stony, Deadman's, and Anvil creeks. Sandstone 
and black alluvial drift. There are good beds of coal in the neighbourhood. 

BLACK CREEK (Co. Wynyard) is a small auriferous creek, flowing into the 
Adelong creek. Some land suitable for agriculture exists at one or two spots on this 
creek. 

BLACK CREEK STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Hamilton, 
Edward ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £75. 

BLACKFELL0WS CREEK (Co. Westmoreland). See Butcher's Creek. 

BLACKGUARD GULLY CREEK (Co. Monteagle) is a small auriferous tribu- 
tary of the head of the Burrangong creek, flowing into it at the township of Young. 
Lower palaeozoic, with tertiary drift on the older rocks. 

BLACK HEAD (Co. Camden) is a rocky promontory, jutting out boldly into the 
sea at Gerringong, and forming the N. boundary of a fine sandy beach which lies 
between that place and the Shoalhaven river. Sandstone. 

BLACK HEAD ISLANDS (Co. Gloucester) is the name given to three small 
rocks lying above the sea off the coast, between Port Stephens on the S. and Treachery 
head on the N. Sandstone. 

BLACKHEATH (Co. Cook), a high sandstone plateau of the Blue Mountain 
range, on the Great Western road, lying about 14 miles S.E. of the township of 



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Hartley. It attains a height of 3400 feet above sea level, and is covered with scrubby 
timber. From the road at this place are occasional glimpses into a profound valley or 
gulf, of which, from the steepness and depth of its sides, it is impossible, except very 
rarely, to see the bottom. Ferruginous sandstone. See also Weatherboard and 
Govett's Leap. 

BLACKHEATH CREEK {Co. Westmoreland) is a small E. tributary of Cox's 
river, rising in the magnificent rocky plateau of Blackheath, on the main western 
road,' and on the Blue Mountains, and flowing W. through a rugged gorge and over a 
tremendous waterfall into the main stream. Sandstone. 

BLACK HILL CREEK {Co. Bathurst) is a small W. tributary of the Rocky 
Bridge creek, flowing through rough swampy country about 10 miles S. E. J. Smith has 
138 acres of land suitable for agriculture at the mouth of this creek. Lower silurian, 
with fluviatile deposit. 

BLACKMAN'S CROWN {Co. Roxburgh) is a lofty peak of the Blue Mountain 
range, in the parish of Bandamora, near the head of the Turon river, and about 6 
miles N. of Cullen Bullen. The road from that place to Sofala, via Keene's swamp, 
and other places in the neighbourhood, passes over the shoulder of this mountain. 
Limestone, granite, and clay shale. 

BLACKMAN'S SWAMP {Co. Wellington) is a tract of marshy land on the 
upper part of the Frederick's Valley creek, and to the E. of the township of Ophir. 
It is situated in the parish of March. S. Lord has several blocks of land at this 
place. Alluvial deposit over sandstone and slate. 

BLACKMAN'S SWAMP CREEK {Co. Bathurst) is a W. tributary of the 
Frederick's Valley creek, rising intheN.E. slope of the Canobolas mountains, and 
flowing N.E. through the township of Orange, where it is crossed by the road from 
Bathurst to Wellington. There is good agricultural land on both sides the creek, 
most of which is taken up by Messrs. Moulder, Lord, Simpson, and numerous small 
farmers. Sandstone and schist. 

BLACKMAIL'S (or W. Branch) CREEK {Co. Georgiana) is a small S. tributary 
of the Abercrombie river, flowing from the scrubby and swampy country S.W. of the 
Tuena goldfield. It is crossed by the road from Tuena to Bigga, and flows into the 
main stream near the village of Cullalong. 

BLACKNOTE MOUNT {Co. Sandon) is a small peak of a spur of the dividing- 
range in the parish of Blacknote, about 20 miles S.E. of Uralla. Hornblendic granite. 

BLACK RANG-E {Co. Goulburn) is a range of high hills in the parish of Mun- 
galarina, about 5 miles N. of the township of Albury. This range obtains its name 
from the dark appearance which it presents from the S. Gold is found on the N. and 
S. slopes; the Black range diggings lying on the N. and the Nail Can diggings on the 
S. E. The Seven Mile, Eight Mile, and numerous other small creeks rise in this range. 
The geological formation is schistose at the base and granite at the summit, quartz, 
frequently auriferous, being abundant. 

BLACK RANGE {Co. Harden) is a range of high, rugged, and scrubby hills, 
running from N. to S. nearly, in the parish of Bowring, and about 7 miles S.W. 
of the town of Bowring. The main southern road from Yass to Gundagai crosses the 
N. end of this range, at a place known as Flinter's gap, and the Yass river flows past 
the S. extremity, at a place called the Devil's pass. The geological formation is of 
granite and limestone. 

BLACK RANGE CREEK {Co. Harden), a small creek draining some rugged 
country S. of Bogolong, and falling into the Talmo creek. Sandstone and meta- 
morphic slate. 

BLACK RANGE STATION (Lachlan district); occupier, Laidlaw, Thomas; 
area, 13,600 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £50. 

BLACK ROCK {Co. Beresford) is a rocky hill on the road from Bunyan to 
Nimmitabel, about 5 miles S.E. of the former place, and on the W. side of the Rock 
Flat creek. Trap rock. 

BLACK ROCK, 32° 19' S. lat, 148° 59' E. long. {Co. Wellington), is a private 



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[Bla 



postal township in the parish of Newrea, and electoral and police districts of "Wel- 
lington. It is situated on the E. bank of the Bell river, Blathery creek being 3 miles, 
and Catombal creek 1 mile distant, and the Macquarie river flowing 4 miles N.E. 
The steep and rocky Catombal mountains lie 10 miles distant S.W. The district is 
an agricultural and pastoral one. The nearest places are Newrea, a government 
township distant 1 mile, and Wellington 9 miles distant, at the junction of the Mac- 
quarie and Bell rivers ; with these places there is communication by mail coach, and 
with Sydney, 210 miles E., by mail coach, via Mudgee to Penrith, and thence by rail. 
The hotel is the White Horse Inn. The surrounding country is generally elevated, 
with extensive rich flats on the banks of the creeks and rivers, most of the available 
land being taken up under the Free Selection Act for agricultural purposes. The 
geological formation is slate, ferruginous sandstone and limestone. The population 
numbers about 50 persons. 

BLACK'S FLAT CBEEK (Co. Auckland) is a small 1ST. tributary of the Bem- 
boka River. Trap rock. 

BLACK SPRING CREEK {Co. Bathurst) is a small tributary of the Coombing 
creek, in the parish of Shaw. The banks of this creek are taken up by small agri- 
cultural farms. Sandstone with alluvial deposit. Also a small auriferous E. tributary 
of the lower end of the Lewis' Pond creek, in the parish of Aberfoil. Metamorphic. 

BLACK SPRING CREEK {Co. Parry) is a smaU E. tributary of the Muluer- 
indie river. Hornblendic granite. 

BLACK SPRING CREEK [Co. Wynyard) is a small E. tributary of the 
Yaven-Yaven creek, draining boggy country to the S. of the Murrumbidgee river. 
Granite and slate. 

BLACK STUMPS STATION {BUgh district) ; occupier, Jones, Alfred T. ; esti- 
mated area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £30 ; the recently appraised rental is £40. 

BLACK SWAMP CREEK {Co. Roxburgh) is a small creek on the KirkconneU 
gold-fields, draining into the Lucky swamp. Sandstone. 

BLACKT0WN, 33°42'S. lat., 150° 56' long. {Co. Cumberland), is a small postal village 
and railway station on the great western railway, in the parish of Prospect and electoral 
district of Liverpool. It is situated 3 miles S. of the Eastern creek, and in the midst of 
an agricultural district, there being no mills or manufactories in the district. The town 
of Parramatta lies 7 miles S.E. ; and with that place, and with Sydney, 21 miles 
distant, there is communication twice a day by rail. The hotels are the Albert 
(M'Culloch's) and Fitzsimmons'. Blacktown is known as being the place where the great 
volunteer encampment was held. The surrounding country is slightly elevated and 
undulating, and the geological formation is red sandstone, with alluvial deposit. The 
population numbers about 120 persons. 

BLACKWALL {Co. Richmond) is a small agricultural and cedar-cutting settle- 
ment in the electoral district of the Clarence, and police district' of Richmond, situated 
on the Richmond river, 75 miles S. E. by water from the township of Lismore, the 
communication being in a small boat. The land is scrubby, and the geological for- 
mation silurian sandstone. 

BLACKWALL POINT {Co. Cumberland) is a rocky promontory on the S. side of 
the Parramatta river, forming the W. head of Five Dock, and the E. head of Fig Tree 
bays. Sandstone. 

BLACKWATEE CREEK {Co. Philip) is a tributary of the head of the Weddin 
brook, rising in mount Coricudgy, and flowing N. about 16 miles. Sandstone and clay 
slate. 

BLACKWATTLE COVE {Co. Cumberland) is a long E. arm of Johnstone's bay, 
lying between Pyrmont and the Glebe, on the S. W. side of the city of Sydney. This 
cove is crossed by an embankment, having a fine wooden bridge in the middle, which 
forms a road from Pyrmont to the Glebe, and in conjunction with the Pyrmont road 
makes a short cut from Sydney to the Glebe and Camperdown. The Blackwattle 
creek flows into the head of the Cove ; and on its S. W. bank is situated the Lyndhurst 
college (Roman Catholic). Sandstone. 

BLACKWATTLE CREEK {Co. Cumberland) is a stream rising in the suburb 



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of Redfern and flowing across Parramatta-street, Sydney, into the head of Blackwattle 
cove. It forms the boundary between the Glebe and Ultimo. Sandstone and shale. 

BLACKWILLOW CREEK (Co. Wellington) is an E. tributary of the Macquarie 
river, draining, with its affluents, the W. part of the Louisa creek gold fields. The 
lower portion of its course flows through very rugged country, and is not definitely 
known ; it, however, falls into the Macquarie, near the Burrandong gold fields. It is 
fed by numerous small creeks, of which the principal are the Waramagallan and 
Smith's creeks. Metamorphic. 

BLACKWOOD PEAK {Albert district), a peak of the Grey range, which see. 

BLAIR'S HILL {Co. Gough) is a peak of the New England range, lying about 2 
miles W. of Stonehenge. Sandstone, granite, and trap rock. 

BLAIR HILLS STATION {New England district) ; occupiers, Dumaresq Brothers, 
and M'Innis ; area, 24,960 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges 
were £92 16s. 3d. ; the recently appraised rental is £125. 

BLAKEBR00K STATION {Clarence district) ; occupier, Cheeke, Alfred; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £55. 

BLAKENEY'S CREEK {Co. King), is a drainage creek, rising in and flowing 
through the Yass plains in a W. direction into the upper part of the Lachlan river, 
-and being fed by Daley's, Middle, Urumwalla, and Dry creeks. 

BLAKE'S CREEK STATION {Clarence district) ; occupier, Yuille, William ; 
area, 15,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £21 6s. 

BLAKE'S RIVER (Co. Fitzroy) is a small W. tributary of the head of the 
Nymboi river. Sandstone. 

BLANDE0RD (or Murulla), 32° 48' S. lat., 150° 54' E. long. (Co. Brisbane), 
is a small postal township, built on private property, in the parish of Murulla, elec- 
toral district of upper Hunter, and police district of Murrurundi. It is situated on 
the Page river and Warland's creek, on the great Northern-road, between Sydney and 
Armidale, and is distant N.W. from the former, 186, and from the latter, 127 miles. 
Warland's, Scott's, Splitters', and Sandy creeks, the 3 latter dry in summer, all 
flow near Blandford ; Warland's creek retains water in the driest seasons. The Mur- 
rula mountain, the highest in the district, is distant 3 miles W.S.W. ; mount 
Wingen, or the burning mountain, a remarkable 'natural phenomenon (see Wingen: 
Mount), is distant about 7 miles S. The district is chiefly an agricultural one, there 
being a large number of free selectors settled in the neighbourhood ; there is, also, 
fine pastoral country in the neighbourhood. The nearest diggings are the Denisort 
diggings (quartz), about 20 miles distant. The nearest places are Murrurundi, 3 miles 
N. ; Wingen, 7 miles S. ; and Scone, 21 miles S. With these places the communica- 
tion is by coach ; and with Sydney, 186 miles S.E., by coach to Singleton, thence by 
rail to Newcastle, and thence by steamer. There is a township marked out on the 
opposite bank of the river Peel, called Murulla, but none of the allotments are as yet 
built upon. The surrounding country is very mountainous, the township being situ- 
ated in a lovely valley. The geological formation is sandstone and shale. 

BLAND is a county in the pastoral district of Lachlan, containing 300 acres o£ 
alienated land, and 1,359,700 acres unalienated. Its boundaries are, however, open to 
modification. 

BLAND STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Atkins, Thomas J. ; area, 
17,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were, £61 17s. 
Qd. ; the recently appraised rental, £216. 

BLAND STATION, No. 2 (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Chisholm, John ; area, 
23,040 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. Old charges, £61 17s. 6d. ; 
new appraisements, £216. 

BLAND, E. , STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Gibson, Mrs. Alice ; area, 
44,800 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; 
the recently appraised rental, £100. 

BLAXLAND is a county in the pastoral district of the Lachlan, the area of which, 
is at present undefined. 



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BLAXLAND MOTTNT {Co. Cook) is a lofty peak of the Blue Mountain range, 
attaining an elevation of 3256 feet above the level of the sea. Sandstone. 

BLAXLAND'S CREEK [Co. Fikzroy) is a line stream rising in the scrubby 
countrv to the S. of Grafton, and flowing S.W. into the Nymboi river at Nymboida. 
Sandstone. 

BLAXLAND'S SWAMP [Co. Westmoreland) is a tract of swampy agricultural 
country, lying on Lockyer's line of road between Hartley and Bathurst. Alluvial 
drift. 

BLAXLAND VALLEY [Co. Northumberland) is a grassy low lying tract of 
grazing country in the parish of Blaxland. Sandstone. 

BLAYNEY, 33° 35' S. lat,, 149° 20' E. long. {Co. Bathurst), is a postal township 
in the parishes of Lindsay and Errol, and electoral and police districts of Carcoar. It is 
situated on the Belubula river. 144 miles W. from Sydney, and 22 miles S.W. from 
Bathurst, on the main road from that town to the Lachlan. The Belubula river 
bounds the township on the E. side, running through a flat country and having a slow 
current. The district in which Blayney is situated is an agricultural, pastoral, and 
minin g one. The sod. particularly of the more elevated portions, is of a rich red cha- 
racter° and is suited to the growth of wheat, which is grown in abundance, and of 
excellent quality. The entire country abounds in fine pasture lands. There are gold 
workings, alluvial and quartz, vrithin 4 or 5 miles. The "King's plains gold field lies 
on the X.'. and the Belubula gold field on the S. Carcoar is the nearest township, it 
is about S miles distant S.W., there being communication by mail coach thrice a 
week. With Sydney, 142 miles W., the communication is by Cobb and Co.'s coaches. 
Blavnev has a post 'office, a national school, with an average attendance of about 45 
children, and 3 hotels, the Royal i Davis's : the Farmer's (Clement's); and the Eitzroy 
(Doyle's). The nearest telegraph station is at Bathurst. There was formerly a road, 
board in existence at Blayney, but it is now defunct, although there has lately been 
some correspondence with the government on the subject of its revival. The surround- 
ing country consists of an elevated plain, with some undulating country, the average 
elevation being nearly 3000 feet above the level of the sea. The geological formation 
consists of secondary rocks of the carboniferous period. The population of the town- 
ship numbers 91 persons. 

BLIGrH is a county of New South Wales, bounded on the X. by the Liverpool 
ran^e from mount Macarthur to the head of the Coolaburragundy river, by the Coola- 
burrasnndy and Talbragar rivers, to the junction of a small creek two nudes E. of 
Balara ; and on the W. by a connected ridge extending from the head of the creek 
aforesaid, to a hill 5 mdes north of the junction of the Bell with the Macquarie ; and 
thence by a line S. to the Macquarie; on the S.W. by the Macquarie to the junction 
of the Cudgegong river; and on the S.E. by the Cudgegong river and Wialdra creek 
to the source of the latter in the dividing range at the head of the G-oulburn ; thence 
by the G-oulburn and Krui rivers to mount Macarthur, or Liverpool range. It is in 
lenoth about 80 mdes, and in width 40 nudes, and contains 1,683 square miles, or 
1,077,120 acres. The number of freehold landholders in this county is 82, and of 
leaseholders, 15. The extent of land in cultivation is 1162 acres ; under wheat, there 
are 727 acres; under maize, 197 acres; and under barley, 11 acres. live stock: 7SS1 
horses, 22,709 homed cattle, 131,870 sheep, and 6S2 pigs. 

BLIGrH is the name of a pastoral district, bounded by the Warrego district on the 
N., the Liverpool plains district on the E., the \\ eUington district on the W., and the 
Lachlan and settled districts on the S. It contains about 5.000.000 of acres of pastoral 
land, and has scattered over it 1476 horses. 25.556 horned cattle. 10,656 sheep, and 
217 pigs. The principal postal townships in this pastoral district, with their distances 
from Sydney, are — Dubbo, 226 mdes ; Coonamble, 29S mdes ; Mundooran, 212 miles ; 
Wellington, 198 miles ; Collie, 272 mdes ; Denison town, or Talbragar, 262 nudes ; 
Walgett, 426 mdes ; Cobborah, 196 mdes ; Coonabarabran, 294 mdes : Coolah, 242 
mdes ; and Warren, 312 mdes. The number of freehold landholders in this district 
is 18, and of leaseholders, 6. The extent of land in cultivation is 390 f acres ; tinder 
wheat there are 286 i acres ; under maize, 10 acres ; and under barley, 34 acres. Stock 
depastured last year— 3691 horses, 149. 7S0 horned cattle, 16S.063 sheep, and 692 pigs. 

BLIND CREEK [Co. Buccleugh) is a small tributary of the Adjungbilli creek, 



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rising in the Kangaroo hill and flowing N. W. about 10 miles into the main stream 
near its fall into the Tnmut river. Granite and metamorphic slate. 

BLIND CREEK (Co. Harden) is a small E. tributary of the Murrumboola 
<3reek, flowing through Cunningham's plains. Granite, slate, and limestone. 

BLIN'S RIVER ( Co. Richmond) is a local name given to the upper part of the 
Clarence river. 

BLOCK B STATION ( Warrego district); occupier, Lang, Gideon Scott ; area, 
70,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Balranald. Charges, £30 5s. 

BLOODS WORTH PLAIN STATION (Wellington district); occupier, Baird, T. 
D.; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

BL0WCLEAR STATION (Wellington district); occupier, Watkins, James; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old charges, £40 ; new 
appraisements, £75. 

BL0WCLEAR STATION, No 2 (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Sweeny Brothers ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

BLQWCLEAR, BACK WEST STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, 
; area, 14,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, uncertain. 

BLOWERING CREEK (Co. Buccleugh) is a small E. tributary of the Tumut 
river, rising in the Blowering mountain, and flowing W. about 4 miles through 
rugged country. Granite and metamorphic shales. 

BLOWERING (or Bogoxg) MOUNTAINS ( Co. Buccleugh) is a range of hills 
running from N.W. to S.E., and being an E. spur of the Tumut range. These 
mountains lie in almost inaccessible country, and are covered with snow for many 
months in the year. They are frequented by the blacks at the proper season, who 
repair thither for the purpose of eating the bogongs — large moths, found in great 
numbers in the lofty ranges. The highest peak of this range is situated at the S. end, 
-and the next highest, Blowering mountain, at the N. end, on the W. bank of the 
Tumut river, near the Log Bridge creek, and in the parish of Blowering. Metamor- 
phic slate and granite. 

BLOWERING, E., STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Whitty, John 
Charles ; area, 25, 600 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£53 8s. 9d. 

BLOWERING, W., STATION (M urrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Brown, Mrs. 
Charlotte ; estimated area, 25, 600 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The 
old charges were £33 8s. 9d. ; the recently appraised rental is £35. 

BLUE GUM CREEK (Co. Cumberland) is a small E. tributary of the upper end 
of the Lane Cove river. Sandstone. 

BLUE GUM FLAT (Co. Northumberland) is a tract of fine land, lying near the 
township of Gosford ; it is heavily timbered with blue gum trees, whence its name. 
Alluvial deposit over sandstone beds. 

. BLUE MOUNTAIN ( Co. Sctndon) is a detached peak lying in the parish of 
Lawrence, and on the E. side of the road from Port Macquarie to Armidale, about 
18 miles S.E. of Uralla. Hornblendic granite. 

BLUE MOUNTAIN RANGE (Cos. Cook, Roxburgh, and Westmoreland) is a 
chain of lofty and rugged mountains, consisting of sandstone escarpments, with 
dark chasms and gloomy ravines. The Blue Mountains are so named from the 
appearance they present when viewed from a distance. The portion of the great 
dividing chain, generally known by this name, is very limited in extent, but in these 
p>ages will include all the mountainous tract stretching from the Liverpool range to 
Lake Burrah Burrah, south of the 34th parallel. Near the commencement the range 
is not high, being lower probably than any other part of the o^viding chain. Its 
course, though generally southerly, is very irregular, and though 150 miles from the 
sea at starting, its average distance is not more than 70 miles. In the middle part of 
their course the Blue Mountains consist of two ranges running nearly parallel, and 
separated by a deep narrow valley. The western range exceeds the eastern in altitude, 



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[Blu — Bob 



and the mountains, though less steep on the "whole, rise into distinct peaks and- 
summits. Owing, probably, to the fact of these mountains being composed, on their- 
eastern face at least, of sandstone rock, they present more the appearance of a table 
land having few elevations rising much aboA'e the general level. Even these are for the 
most part rounded in form, instead of being notched or serrated, or rising into pointed 
peaks, as occurs in mountains composed of older rocks. But the surface of the Blue 
mountains is, so to speak, scored with vast chasms and deep ravines, with precipitous 
walls of rock on each side. ' ' K arrow, gloomy, and profound, these stupendous rents 
in the bosom of the earth are enclosed between gigantic walls of sandstone and rock, 
sometimes receding from, sometimes frightfully overhanging, the dark bed of the 
ravine and its black silent eddies, or its foaming torrents of water. " Some of these 
ravines open out into narrow valleys, which contain good soil, and are watered by a 
perennial stream, though generally inaccessible except at one entrance. Many of the 
precipitous sides of these ravines have a depth of 1500 feet. To the early settlers in the 
colony the rugged nature of the Blue mountains long interposed an impassable barrier 
between the coast and the interior. A passage was first discovered in 1813 — twenty- 
live years after the original settlement of the colony. The average height of this 
portion of the great dividing chain is about 3300 feet, though some of the peaks attain 
a somewhat higher elevation. The highest point is probably Beemarang, 4100 feet, at 
the head of Campbell's river, a little to the north of the 34th parallel. The upper- 
regions of this range rise gradually from 1000 feet above Emu plains to 4126 feet at 
its maximum near King's table land, 25 miles further W. This range is a mass of 
sandstone, seamed by ravines, deep in proportion to its height, and having a profound 
depth of valley adjacent to Weatherboard and Blackheath, which valleys are enclosed 
"by rocky precipices. The whole mass consists of ferruginous sandstone, composed of 
angular or slightly worn grains of cpiartz, cemented by oxide of iron. It is totally 
unfit for cultivation. There is an inn at half way down from the summit, lying 2S00 
feet above the sea level. 

ELITE NOBBY [Go. Burnett) is the name of a prominent solitary peak, lying on 
the W. bank of Oxley's creek, and near the road from YTarialda to Bengalla, about 25 
miles S. of the latter place. It takes its name from the peculiar dark blue appearance 
it presents at a distance. Sandstone and niet amorphic slate. 

BLUE NOBBY STATION [Gwydir district) • occupier, Russell, Win. and 
John We ; area, 19,200 acres ; grazing capability, uncertain. The old charges were 
£6 ) ; the recently appraised rental, £175. 

BLUE PEAK (Co. Beresford), is a lofty peak of the Monara range, lying amidst 
thick undulating forest, about 4 miles E. of the township of Bunyan, and on the E. bank 
of the Bock Flat creek. It is covered with scrub and gum and ironbark timber, and 
derives its name from the blue appearance it presents at a distance. Trap rock. 

BLUE'S BAY {Co. Cumberland). See Berry's Bay. 

BLUE'S POIXT (native name TTaruxg — Co. Cumberland) is a prominent tongue 
of land jutting out from the north shore of Port Jackson, and situated in the TV. part of St. 
Leonard's, opposite Sydney. There is a ferry at this point, either by waterman's boat 
or by small steamer, the distance across being three eighths of a mile. This point 
derives its name from an old inhabitant, William Blue, a coloured man, who resided 
upon it, and to whom the point and a considerable tract of land in the neighbourhood 
were granted. Carboniferous sandstone. 

BLUFF, THE ( Co. Cl'xve), is a prominent hill on the road from Severn to Tenter- 
field, about 10 miles S. of the latter place. Granite and metamorphic slate. 

BOAR HILL {Co. Narromine) is a high hill on the road from Obley to Condobolin, 
and on the W. bank of the Cookopie ponds. Granite. 

B0ATHARB0UR CREEK {Co. Rous) is a small tributary of the N. arm of the 

Richmond river. Sandstone. 

BOBBARA MOUNT {Co. Harden) is a lofty peak, lying at the S. end of a 
range of low scrubby mountains, and situated about 3 miles N.W. of the township of 
Binalong. The geological formation is of granite and limestone. 

B0BBERA MOUNT {Co. Murray) is a steep, narrow range, crested by quartzose 
conglomerate, traversing beds of red slate, which possess cleavage, but which, below 



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55 



the summit, are extremely hard. These are, towards the base of the slopes, full of 
epidote. Mount Bobbera lies to the E. of the Jingery mountains. 

BOBEROY STATION [Darling district) ; occupier, Shepherd, Isaac ; area, 
25,600 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £64. 

BOB HXGKHNS CREEK ( Co. Westmoreland) is a small W. tributary of the 
Wollondilly river, flowing into it near Burragorang. Sandstone. 

B0BIALLA CREEK ( Co. Bligh) is a smaU W. tributary of the Bow creek. 
Sandstone. 

B0B0YAN STATION" (Monaro district) ; occupiers, Crawford and Brayshaw ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £28 15s. 

BQB0YAN FLAT [Co. Cowley) is a small tract of lightly timbered pastoral 
land, lying to the W. of the Murrumbidgee river, near Clinton. Granite and 
metamorphic slate. The geological formation is granite, overlaid and surrounded by 
schists and sandstone, into which it has protruded in a broad base, hardening and 
breaking up the latter rock into fragmentary lumps. The slates and granite wedge 
into each other in low ranges, clear of trees, in the schistose localities, ranging N. 
and S. 

B0BRAH (or Morlie) STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Jackson, Richard ; 
area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £40. 

BOB'S CREEK {Co. Gresliam) is a small S. tributary of the Sara river. Sand- 
stone. 

BOB'S CREEK {Co. Wellington) is a small auriferous W. tributary of the 
Molong river. Sandstone, shale, and limestone. 

BOBUNDARAH, 36° 27' S. lat., 149° 6'E. long. {Co. Beresford), is a small postal 
township in the parish of Bobundarah creek, electoral district of Monaro, and police 
district of Bombala. It is situated on the Bobundarah creek, the Snowy river flowing 
12 miles distant in a S.E. direction. The district is strictly a pastoral one. The 
nearest place is Cooma, 20 miles N. , with which place the communication is by horse 
or dray only. With Sydney, 315 miles N.E., the communication is by mail coach 
from Cooma to Picton, and thence by rail. There is one hotel, the Woolpack Inn. 
The surrounding country is gently undulating, with lightly undulating hills. The 
geological formation is granite and quartz-bearing slate. The population numbers 
about 40 persons. 

B0BUNDARA CREEK {Co. Wallace) is a N. tributary of the Snowy river, 
rising in the E. slope of Mount Jinny bruthera, and flowing S.W. about 30 miles. 
Granite and quartz-bearing slate. 

B0BUNDARA HILL {Co. Wallace) is a solitary hill, lying On the W. bank of 
the Bobundara creek, in the midst of fine grazing plain country. The hill lies about 
8 miles E. of Buckley's crossing place. The geological formation is lower silurian and 
trap rock, the latter being younger than the former. 

BOBUNDARA STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, O'Mara, Timothy ; area, 
4800 acres ; grazing capability, 1500 sheep. The nearest post town is Bobun- 
dara. Charges, £31 8s. 2d. 

BOBUNDARA STATION, No. 2 {Monaro district) ; occupier, Wright, Charles ; 
area, 12,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Bobun- 
dara. Charges, £65, 

B0C0BLE (or Scott) MOUNT {Co. Wellington) is a remarkable peaked hill, 
which may be seen from a great distance on all sides, and is a guide to stockmen, 
miners, settlers, and others travelling in the district. It lies at the head of the 
Cudgegong and Four-mile creeks, on the S. bank of the Cudgegong river, 3^ miles W. 
of Cudgegong township, about 14 miles S. E. of Mudgee, and 136 miles W.N.W. of 
Sydney. The geological formation is trap rock, schist, and ferruginous sandstone. 

B0C0C0 CREEK (Co. Dudley) is a small N. tributary of the Macleay river. 
Sandstone and shale, with deep alluvial deposit. 

B0C0 CREEK STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Silk, Mrs. M. ; area, 



56 



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[Boc — Bog 



8000 acres ; grazing capability, uncertain. The nearest post town is Kininiitabel. 
Charges, £53 2s. 6cL 

B0C0 ROCK {Co. Wellington) is a rocky peak in the rough hilly country on the 

Boco creek, lying to the W. of NimmitabeL Basalt. 

B0C0 ROCK STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Bradley, William ; area, 
12,500 acres ; grazing capability, 1500 sheep. The nearest post town is NinmritabeL 
Charges, £26 5s. 

B0DALDTJRA CREEK {Co. Wellington) is an auriferous E. tributary of theBell 
river. Sandstone and metaniorphic slate. 

BODALLA, 36° 5'S. lat., 149 a 59' E. long. (Co. Dampier), is a postal village 
in the parish of Moruya, electoral district of Eden, and police district of Broulee. It 
is situated on the Tuross river, the Moruya river being 14 miles N., the Wogonga 
river 12 miles S. , and Gulf creek (auriferous) 12 miles W. ; mount Dromedary, the 
valleys of which are auriferous, lies to the S.E. The district is agricultural and 
pastoral, and is known to be auriferous, but has not yet been worked efficiently ; 
reefs are, however, known to exist in the neighbourhood. Mr. T. S. Mort's extensive 
estate of Comerang, on which the now well-known Bodalla cheese has been for some 
time manufactured on scientific principles, is situated in this district. A powerful 
saw mill is in course of erection, which will send into the market the splendid timber 
abounding on all sides in profusion. A tannery has for some time been carried on, 
but the supply of hides has hitherto been inadequate to the carrying on of a large 
business. The river abounds in oysters and fish — immense quantities of the former, 
of the finest quality, being sent in to the Sydney market. A party of Chinamen have 
been for some time employed in fishing, and have supplied the Araluen and Nerri- 
gundah, or Gulf gold fields, with fresh and cured fish in large quantities. The nearest 
places are Moruya, 14 miles N. ; Neirigundak, or Gulf diggings, 12 miles W. ; and 
Wogonga, 12 miles S. The communication with these places is by means of 
tolerable roads, but they are in need of formation and repair ; there are no convey- 
ances beyond drays. With Sydney, 212 miles N., the communication is by the LS.JST. 
Co. s steamer Comerang, to the Tuross river. There is a post office and one hotel, 
also a store, in the village — the Bodalla Inn (Clarke's). There is no coach office, but 
drays leave the Tuross steamer's store, at the government ferry, for various places, 
on the arrival of the steamer. The roads are under the control of a committee. The 
surrounding country is on the seaboard, and is of an undulating, thickly wooded 
character, with magnificent alluvial flats along the valley of the Tuross. It 
gradually rises to the W. until it culminates in the coast range. The tourist, for 
either botanical or geological purposes, or one in search of health or picturesque 
scenery and invigorating exercise and air, would be amply repaid by a visit to this 
beautiful neighbourhood ; which only requires a trifling outlay on the bar at the 
mouth of the river to render it easy of access from Sydney. Divine service has been 
regularly held for some years past in the house of Mr. Mort, Comerang. The popu- 
lation of Bodalla is small and scattered. The geological formation consists of 
granite, basalt, trap, and sandstone, the two latter predominating. 

B0D0KGARIE STATION f Bligh district) ; occupier, Aarons, Joseph, jun. ; area, 
36,000 acres ; grazing capability, 12,400 sheep. Charges, £50. 

B0EB0NG SWAMP STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Jones, John ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £33. 

B0GABILLA {Co. Stapylton) is a small agricultural settlement lying on the 
Macinryre river, lying 7 miles above its confluence with the Callandoon brook, and 75 
N. of Warialda. 

B0GALAR0 STATION [Lothian district); occupier, Barber, Samuel ; area, 
29,440 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old charges were £50 ; the 
recently appraised rental, £100. 

B0GAB0GIL STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Colletts, Joseph ; esti- 
mated area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1200 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £77 10s. ; the recently appraised rental is £130. 

B0GAG0 STATION [LacMan district) ; occupiers, O'Sullivan, D. and S. ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 



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57 



BOGALA STATION {BUgh district) ; occupier, Gillies, John ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £30 2s. 6d. ; new appraise- 
ments, £75. 

B0GAL0NG {Co. Harden). See Bogolong. 

BGGALONG STATION (Lachlan district) • occupier, Armour, Matthew ; area, 
17,280 acres; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. The old charges were £38 
2s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental, £70. 

B0GAL0NG STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Drummond, Thomas ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. The old charges were £38 
2s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental, £80. 

B0GANDXLLAN LAGOON {Co. Gipps) is a small swampy waterhole on the 
Manna creek, and lying between lake Cowal and the Lachlan river, about 30 miles 
S.E. of Condobolin. Pliocene tertiary. 

B0GANDILL0N STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Miller, Joseph ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £40. 

B0GAN electoral district embraces the greater portion of the pastoral districts 
of Wellington and Bligh, and is bounded on the north by the Barwon river, down- 
ward, from the confluence of the Namoi river, to the confluence of the Bokhara river ; 
thence on the E. by a line due N. till it is cut by the prolongation of a line from 
Pockatroo to the Eocky ford on the Narran river, in latitude 29° 20' S. ; again on the 
N. by the last described line, till it meets Mr. Kennedy's return track from the river 
Warrego, by that track to the 29th parallel of S. lat. , and by that parallel to the river 
Warrego ; on the W. by the river Warrego, downwards, to the 30th parallel of S. 
lat. ; on the S. by that parallel to the river Darling or Barwon, at the confluence of 
the Bogan river ; again on the W. by the Darling river, downward, to fort Bourke ; 
and by a line thence, S.E., to the confluence of Kalingalungaguy creek, with the 
Lachlan river ; again on the S. by the Lachlan river, upward, to the confluence of the 
Belubula river, and by that river, upwards, to the confluence of Panuara rivulet ; 
again on the E. by the Panuara rivulet, upward, to its source in the Cauobola moun- 
tains ; and thence by the range forming the W. watershed of the Bell river, to the 
Coutombal mountains, at the boundary of the settled districts (which is a curved line 
W. of the town of Wellington, including all lands within ten miles from any point of 
the outward limits of the town) ; by that boundary to the W. boundary of the county 
of Bligh, and by that boundary to the Liverpool range, and by that range, the Warra- 
bangle range, and the range dividing the waters of the Castlereagh and Namoi rivers, 
to the confluence of the last-mentioned river with the Barwon, aforesaid. This electorate 
comprises the districts of Dubbo and Molong, and returns 1 member to the legislative 
assembly, the present representative being G. W. Lord, Esq. The number of regis- 
tered electors in this district is 2113. 

BOGAN BIVER ( Warrego, BUgh, and Wellington districts) is an important 
river, rising in the Goonambla hill, about 40 miles S.W. of the township of Obley, and 
flowing N.W. through vast pastoral plains into the Darling river, of which it is one of 
the heads. It forms the division between the pastoral districts of Bligh on the E. 
and Wellington on the W. ; flowing through the unsettled counties of Narromine, 
Kennedy, Flinders, Oxley, and Grego, in the two districts named ; and also of 
Clyde, in the district of Warrego, through which it runs for a short distance at its 
lower end. There are no towns situated on the banks of this river, and it falls into 
the Darling about 36 miles N.E. of fort Bourke. It is fed by Cookopie ponds, Cargi 
ponds, Ten-mile, Tomingley, Bullock, Gunningba, and Duck creeks, and has no tri- 
butaries for the last 100 miles of its course. The Bogan river flows about 450 miles, 
and drains an area of about 8300 square miles. It was on this river that Cunningham 
the botanist and explorer was murdered by the blacks, in April, 1835. For the 
greater portion of the year this river is only a chain of good ponds, having fertile 
banks. The geological formation is lower palaeozoic, with pliocene tertiary over the 
older rocks. The soil is clayey, which in summer dries into soft dusty earth, full of 
cracks and fissures. That in the bed of the creek contains much calcareous concre- 
tion and selenite. At its upper part the detritus of its basin is rich in the peculiar 
minerals that distinguish all the known gold fields of the colony. Amongst others 
are gold, tin, and magnetic iron. 



§8 



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[Bog 



BOGAN, E., BACK BLOCK STATION ( War re go district) ; occupier, Macdonald, 
J. W. J.; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle ; situated on the 
Bogan river. Charges, £36. 

BOGAN, E., No. 1 STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Brown, John; area, 
20,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep ; situated on the Bogan river. Charges, 
£142 10s. 

BOGAN, E., No. 2 STATION {Wellington district); occupier, Morehead and 
Young; area, 20,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep; situated on the Bogan 
river. Charges, £480. 

BOGAN, E., No. 9 STATION {Wellington district); occupier, Cornish, E. B.; 
area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 10,000 sheep ; situated on the Bogan river. 
Charges, £155. 

BOGAN, E., No. 10 STATION ( Warrego district ); occupier, Cornish, E. B.; 
area, 17,000 acres; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle; situated on the Bogan 
river. Charges, £155. 

BOGAN, E., No. 11 STATION {Warrego district); occupier, Cornish, E. B. ; 
area, 18,000 acres; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle; situated on the Bogan 
river. Charges, £125. 

BOGAN, E., No. 12 STATION {Warrego district); occupier, Cornish, E. B. 
area, 22, 500 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep ; situated on the Bogan river. 
Charges, £84. 

BOGAN, E., No. 13 STATION {Warrego district) ; occupiers, Howe and Doyle; 
area, 25, 500 acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep ; situated on the Bogan river ; 
Charges, £165. 

BOGAN, E., No. 14 STATION {Warrego district) ; occupiers, Howe and Thomp- 
son ; area, 2400 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle ; situated on the Bogan 
river. Charges, £175. 

BOGAN, No. 15 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, Palgrave and Bigge ; 
area, 43,000 acres ; grazing capability, uncertain ; situated on the Bogan river. 
Charges, £105. 

BOGAN, E. No. 16 STATION ( Warrego district); occupier, Donaldson, Setter 
T. ; area, 31,000 acres; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle; situated on the 
Bogan river. Charges, £60. 

BOGAN, E., No. 17 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Donaldson, Setter 
T. ; area, 14,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle; situated on the 
Bogan river. Charges, £95. 

BOGAN, E., No. 20 STATION; occupier, Forlonge, William ; area, 43,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep ; situated on the Bogan river. Charges, £95. 

BOGAN, E., No. 21 STATION {Warrego district); occupier, Hughes, William 
Thomas ; area, 42,000 acres; grazing capability, 6000 sheep ; situated on the Bogan 
river. Charges, £85. 

BOGAN, E., No. 22 STATION {Warrego district) ; occupier, Hughes, Charles 
William ; area, 54,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle ; situated on the 
Bogan river. Charges, £90. 

BOGAN, E., STATION No. 23 {Wan-ego district) ; occupier, Forlonge, William; 
area, 35,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle; situated on the Bogan river. 
Charges, £30. 

BOGAN, E. , STATION No. 24 ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Forlonge, William ; 
area, 14,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep ; situated on the Bogan river. 
Charges, £30. 

BOGAN, E. , STATION No. 25 ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Forlonge, W. ; area, 
10,880 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep ; situated on the Bogan river. Charges, 
£43. 

BOGAN, E., STATION No. 26 {Warrego district) ; occupier, Forlonge, W. ; area, 
19,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep ; situated on the Bogan river. Charges, 
£165. 



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BOGAN, E., STATION No. 29 ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Forlonge, W. ; area, 
19,500 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep ; situated on the Bogan river. Charges, 
£130. 

BOGAN, E., STATION No. 30 ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Forlonge, W. ; area, 
27,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep ; situated on the Bogan river. Charges, 
£170. 

BOGAN WEST STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Aarons, Joseph, jun. ; 
area, 46,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1200 head of cattle ; situated on the Bogan 
river. Charges, £51. 

BOGAN, W., STATION No. 1 ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Labelliere, Charles 
O. ; area, 47,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1200 head of cattle ; situated on the Bogan 
river. Charges, £73. 

BOGAN, W., STATION No. 2 ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Penser and 
Gardiner ; area, 47,500 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep ; situated on the Bogan 
river. Charges, £85. 

BOGAN, W. , STATION No. 4 ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Morehead and 
Young; area, 45,000 acres; grazing capability, 6000 sheep; situated on the Bogan 
river. Charges, £ 

BOGAN, W., STATION No. 5 {Wellington district)-, occupier, Holland, Henry 
Edward ; area, 47,000 acres ; grazing capability, 10,000 sheep ; situated on the Bogan 
river. Charges, £85. 

BOGAN, W., STATION No. 6 {Wellington district); occupier, Richardson, 
William W. ; area, 47,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep ; situated on the 
Bogan river. Charges, £91. 

BOGAN, W., STATION No. 7 ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Readford, James ; 
area, 44,500 acres ; grazing capability 4000 sheep ; situated on the Bogan river. 
Charges, £69. 

BOGAN, W., STATION No. 8 {Wellington district) ; occupier, uncertain; area, 
50,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep ; situated on the Bogan river. 

BOGAN, W., ( Wellington district) ; occupier, uncertain ; area, 48,500 acres ; grazing 
capability, 8000 sheep ; situated on the Bogan river. 

BOGAN, W., No. 10 STATION {Warrego district) ; occupier, uncertain; area, 
48,500 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep ; situated on the Bogan river. 

BOGAN, W., No. 11 STATION {Warrego district); occupier, uncertain; area, 
48,500 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep ; situated on the Bogan river. 

BOGAN, W., No. 12 STATION {Warrego district); occupier, Cornish, E. B. ; 
area, 43,500 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep; situated on the Bogan river. 
Charges, £83. 

BOGAN, W., No. 13 STATION {Warrego district); occupier, Robb, W. S. ; 
area, 43,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep ; situated on the Bogan river. 
Charges, £73. 

BOGAN, W. , No. 14 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, uncertain ; area, 
44,500 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep ; situated on the Bogan river. Charges, 
uncertain. 

BOGAN, W., No. 15 STATION {Warrego district) ; occupier, uncertain; area, 
45,500 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep ; situated on the Bogan river. 

BOGAN W., No. 16 STATION {Warrego district) ; occupier, Longmore, R. P. ; 
area, 39, 500 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep ; situated on the Bogan river. 
Charges, £109. 

BOGAN, W., No. 17 STATION {Warrego district); occupiers, Howe and 
Thompson ; area, 45,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep ; situated on the 
Bogan river. Charges, £85. 

BOGAN, W., No. 18 STATION {Warrego district) ; occupiers, T. and W. Kite ; 
area, 35,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep ; situated on the Bogan river. 
Charges, £155. 



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BOGAN, W., No. 19 STATION ( Warrego district) ■ occupier, Readford, James ; 
.area, 24,500 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep; situated on the Bogan river. 
Charges, £65. 

BOGAN, W., No. 20 STATION ; occupiers, Readford and Terence ; area, 
40,000 acres, grazing capability, uncertain ; situated on the Bogan river. Charges, £65. 

BOGAN, W., No. 21 STATION {Warrego district); occupiers, Beid, W. L. 
and T. ; area, 38,600 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep ; situated on the Bogan 
river. Charges, £70. 

BOGAN, W., No. 22 STATION {Warrego district); occupiers, Reid, W. L. 
and T.; area, 43,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep ; situated on the Bogan 
river. Charges, £75. 

BOGAN, W., No. 23 STATION {Warrego district); ^occupier, Forlonge, W. ; 
area, 44,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep ; situated on the Bogan river. 
Charges, £35. 

BOGAN, W., No. 24 STATION {Warrego district); occupier, Forlonge, W. ; 
.area, 45,000 acres : grazing capability, 4000 sheep ; situated on the Bogan river. 
Charges, £70. 

BOGAN, W., No. 25 STATION {Warrego district) ; occupier, Forlonge, W. ; 
.area, 44,500 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep ; situated on the Bogan river. 
Charges, £85. 

BOGAN, W., No. 26 STATION {Warrego district); occupier, Forlonge, W. ; 
area, 46,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep ; situated on the Bogan river. 
•Charges, £90. 

BOGAN, W. , No. 27 STATION {Warrego district); occupier, Henderson, E. ; 
area, 53,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep ; situated on the Bogan river. 
Charges, £154. 

BOGAN, W., No. 28 STATION {Warrego district); occupier, Forlonge, W. ; 
area, 17,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep; situated on the Bogan river. 
Charges, £83. 

BOGAN, W. , No. 29 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, uncertain ; area, 
39, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep ; situated on the Bogan river. 

BOGAN, W., No. 30 STATION {Warrego district); occupier, Reid, W. L. and 
"T. ; area, 41,700 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep ; situated on the Bogan river. 
•Charges, £90. 

B0GEE {Co. Roxburgh) is a small alluvial gold diggings, on the Capertee river, 
near the township of Rylstone. A few miners have been at work there for several 
years, the field being small but payable. Granite, metamorphic slate, and limestone. 

B0GEN0NG, K, BACK [Bligh district) ; occupier, Britton, Thomas; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

BOGENONG, W., BACK {Bligh district) ; occupier, Britton, Thomas ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

BOGERIA STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Cheetham, jun. ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 10s. 

BOGERIA STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, White, F. H. C. and E. ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

BOGERIA BACK STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, Macleay and Taylor ; 
.area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

BOGERIA BLOCK (A) STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Eagar, Geoffrey ; 
area, 26,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £27 15s. 

BOGERIA, BLOCK (B) STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Eagar, Geoffrey; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £29. 

BOGERIA BLOCK (C) STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Eagar, Geoffrey; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £29. 

BOGERIA, E. , STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, Macleay, Taylor, and 
Co., ; area, 8000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31. 



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61 



BOGERIA, E. (A) STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, jMackay, G. E. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

BOGERIA, E. (B) STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, Macleay and 
Taylor ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

B0GGABRI {Co. Pottinger) is a small, newly proclaimed township in the parish 
of the same name, electoral district of Liverpool plains, and police district of Gun- 
nedah. It is situated on Cox's Creek, 11 miles N.W. of the postal township of 
Gulligal, with which place there is communication twice a week by coach. It 
contains at present only 7 or 8 houses and an hotel, the Australian Arms, and a 
population of about 50 persons. The operation of free selection will, however, it is 
anticipated, induce a larger number of inhabitants to settle down in the neigh- 
bourhood, as there is, on the banks of the creek particularly, some good agricul- 
tural land. 

BOGGIBRI (Co. Brisbane) is a small roadside village on the upper end of the 
Boco creek, and lying about 8 miles W. of Merriwa, on the road to Mudgee. Sand- 
stone and clay slate. 

B0GGIBRIE STATION [Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Mort, Thomas S. ; 
estimated area, 61,440 acres ; grazing capability, 1600 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £153 2s. ; the recently appraised rental is £153 15s. 

BOGGI PLAINS STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Wright, J. S. ; area, 
10,000 acres ; grazing capability, 300 head of cattle. Charges, £13. 

BOGGY CREEK ( Co. Jamieson) is a small agricultural hamlet in the neighbour- 
hood of the Namoi river, a short distance from the township of Narrabri. There is 
one hotel in the hamlet, Munro's. Basalt and metamorphic slate, with deep 
alluvial drift. 

BOGGY CREEK [Co. Jamieson, Liverpool plains district) is a small drainage 
creek, supposed to flow into the Ghean creek. Granite, with alluvial drift. 

BOGGY CHEEK STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Nicholson, John, jun. ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. Charges, £31 14s. 5d. 

BOGIA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, West, Joseph T. ; area, 30,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges £31. 

B0GI BOGALONG STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Gibson, Mrs. Alice ; 
area, 30,720 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£61 17s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £80. 

BOGIE PLAINS, N., STATION (Wellington district); occupiers, Christie and 
Wentworth ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges 
£30 10s. 6d. 

BOGIE PLAINS, S., STATION (Wellington district) ; occupiers, Christie and 
Wentworth ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£30 10s. 6d. 

B0GLEDI CREEK (Co. Baracline, Liverpool plains district) is a W. tributary of 
the head of the Baradine creek, rising in mount Boreable, in the Warrabungie range, 
and flowing N. about 35 miles into the main stream at the township of Baradine, 
where it is crossed by the road from that place to Coonamble, the road from Coona- 
barabran to Baradine having run along its W. bank for most of its course. It flows 
through rich pastoral country. The geological formation is basaltic, with deep black 
alluvial deposit. 

B0G0LARE WATERFALL (Co. Harden) is a small cataract on Barber's creek, 
under Hunt's Look-Out hill, and about 2\ miles S. of Bookham. The geological 
formation is of granite and limestone. 

B0G0L0NG STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Julian, Richard ; area, 
12,800 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. The old charges were £33 Ss. 9d. ; 
the recently appraised rental, £55. 

B0G0L0NG (postal name Bookham) (Co. Harden), is the name of a small 
township reserve and bush police station, lying in the neighbourhood of the Bogo- 



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long station, for the protection of the district. It is situated on the Bogolong creek, 
about S miles W. of Yass, and on the road from that place to Jugiong. 

BOGOLONG CREEK (Co. Harden), a small E. tributary of the head of the 
Jugiong creek, falling into it at the township of Bogolong. It flows through good 
land, cut up into small allotments. Granite, slate, and limestone. 

BOGQNG (or Round) MOUNTAIN (Co. Selwyn). See Jajungal. 

BOGONG MOUNTAINS (Co. Buccleugh). See Blowering mountains. 

BOGONG PEAKS (Co. Buccleugh) is the name given to two peaks divided by a 
narrow gully, and standing in the high, rugged, and almost inaccessible country lying 
to the S. W. of Tumut. They derive their name from a species of large moth called 
Bogongs, of which the blacks are exceedingly fond, and which are found in great 
quantities in elevated regions. These mountains are covered with snow for many 
months in the year. Granite and metamorphic slate. 

BOGEWON STATION (Bligh district); occupiers, Britten, C., and Bernard T.; 
area, 24,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £72. 

BOIGA CREEK (Co. Wellington) is a small auriferous stream flowing in the 
Louisa creek gold field. It is overhung by the Boya mountain, a hill standing 7 miles 
S. of Windeyer. 

B0KEMAR STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Elliott, Samuel ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £35. 

BOKHARA CREEK ( Warrego district) is a small watercourse, often dry, con- 
necting the Mogila creek with the Bokhara river, on the border of Queensland. The 
country is indifferent, and the geological formation lower silurian, with pliocene 
tertiary deposit. 

BOKHARA RIVER (Warrego district) is a N. tributary of the Barwon or 
upper Darling river, flowing from the Birie river in a S.W. direction, through in- 
different sandy polygoneum fiats into a large swamp, whence it drains into the Barwon 
by two mouths, the W. one being called the Bokhara, and the E. one the Kito river. 
The geological formation is pliocene tertiary, overlying lower silurian rocks. 

B0LAGAMY GULLMAN STATION (Lac/dan district) ; occupiers, White, J. 
and T. ; area, 38,000 acres; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Charges, £34 7s. 6d. 

B0LAIRA HILL (Co. Wallace) is a detached peak, lying in the parish of Bo- 
laira, near the junction of the Goorudee rivulet with the Murrumbidgee river. The 
surrounding country is flat and swampy. The geological formation consists of gra- 
nitic, schistose, and quartziferous rocks, with porphyries and some trap. In the 
plains that occur amidst the ranges there are vast outbreaks and overflows of basalt 
in the granite and quartziferous slate. 

B0LAIRA SWAMP (Co. Wallace) is tract of marshy land, lying at the W. foot 
of Bolaira hill, and formed by the flow of the Goorudee rivulet over a small plain, 
near its fall into the Murrumbidgee river. Granite, trap, and quartz. 

B0LAMBLE STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Suttor, W. EL ; area, 
24,600 acres ; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. Charges, £42 16s. 3d. 

B0LARDIA ISLAND (Co. Clarence.) See Harwood Islands. 

B0LAR0 STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Lowe, William ; estimated area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £75. 

B0LAR0 STATION, No. 2 (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Elood, W. ; area, 
15,360 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £30 10s. ; the 
recently appraised rental £29 15s. 

B0LAR0 STATION, No. 3 (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Flood, William; area, 
23,040 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £ — ; the 
recently appraised rental, £29 15s. 

BOLERO STATION (Monaro district); occupier, Barrett, William; area, 19,200 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £86 17s. 6d. 



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03 



BOLERO STATION, No. 2 (Monaro district) • occupier, Chippendale, Thomas ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £173 8s. 9d. 

BOLERO STATION, No. 3 {Monaro district) ; occupier, Rourke, Thomas ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £40. 

B0LGERA STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Campbell and Hay ; 
area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. 

B0LIVA STATION (Darling district) ; occupiers, Reid, William L. and R. T. ; 
area, 64, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £60. 

BOLIVIA STATION (M. E. district) ; occupier, Irby, Edward ; area, 50,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 10,000 sheep. The old charges were £100 ; the recently 
appraised rental, £150. 

BOLONG 34° 50' S. lat., 150° 25' E. long. [Co. Camden), is a postal hamlet, in 
the police and electoral districts of Shoalhaven. It is situated on the N. bank of the 
Shoalhaven river, 113 miles S. of Sydney, near the main line of coast road. Bolong 
is bounded on the S. by the Shoalhaven river ; on the W. by the Bainberra creek ; 
on the N.E. by Broughton's creek, a navigable tributary of the Shoalhaven river ; 
and on the N. by the Cambewarra range of mountains, distant 4 miles. The district 
is an agricultural one, the nearest places being Nowra, the government township, 
distant 3 miles S. on the coast road, and on the opposite bank of the river, Terrara 
and Numba, also on the opposite side of the river ; and Bomendary, distant 1 mile, 
on the same side. With these places the communication is by horse or dray only, the 
river being crossed by a good punt. With Sydney, 113 miles N., the communication 
is similar to that to Nowra and Shoalhaven ; namely, from Greenwell point, where 
the Company's wharf is situated, by steamer. There are no hotels in Bolong, the 
nearest being at Nowra. The district was until recently under the municipal govern- 
ment, but owing to an informality, which has caused considerable trouble and several 
law suits, and which had at length to be settled by the Supreme Courts in England, 
the municipality is at present defunct. The surrounding country is mountainous and. 
considerably elevated above sea level, except the river flats, which are liable to inun- 
dation. On one of these flats, excellently adapted for agricultural and dairy purposes, 
Bolong proper is situated. The geological formation is of sandstone. A vein of coal 
crops out above ground at intervals along the face of the Cambewarra range to the N. 
The population, including that of the surrounding agricultural district, numbers about 
1500 persons, most of whom are employed on the numerous farms in the locality. 

BOLONG RIVER (Co. Georgiana) is a fine stream rising in the W. slope of the 
Australian alps, and flowing N. through scrubby country for about 40 miles into the 
Abercrombie river. It passes through the township of Bolong, where it is crossed by 
the road from Bathurst to Crookwell and Goulburn, and where it receives the waters 
of Phil's or Philip's river. Sandstone, metamorphic slate, and limestone. 

BOLONG (Co. Georgiana) is a small postal township lying on the Bolong river, 
and in the police district of Goulburn, 60 miles S.W. of Bathurst. Slate and lime- 
stone. 

B0L0C0 CREEK STATION (Monaro district;) occupier, Coleman, Charles; 
area, 13,000 acres; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. Charges, £68 2s. 6d. 

B0L0C0 No. 2 STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Coleman, Charles ; area, 
6000 acres ; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. Charges, £43 15s. 

B0LUMB0M, MOUNT (Co. Macquarie) is a peak of the Hastings range, lying 
on the S. bank of the Hastings river, and on the S. side of the road from Port Mac- 
quarie to Walcha, about 36 miles W. of the former place. Sandstone. 

B0LWARRA (Co. Durham) is a highly cultivated agricultural district on the 
N. bank of the Hunter river, about 2 miles N.W. from Morpeth. Large quantities 
of maize and lucerne are grown on the rich alluvial river flats. Sandstone and 
shale. 

B0IGA CREEK (Co. Wellington) is a small auriferous N. tributary of the 
Pyramul creek. The geological formation is trap rock and metamorphic slate. 

B0IGA, MOUNT (Co. Wellington) is a lofty peak in the rugged table land of the 
Louisa creek gold field, at the head of the Boiga creek, and about 6 miles S.S.W. of 
the township of Windeyer. Trap rock and metamorphic slate. 



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BOM AD AH Y {Co. Camden) is a small agricultural village on the estate of the 
Messrs. Berry, of Shoalhaven, in the parish of Bomadary, and electoral district of 
Shoalhaven. It is situated on the N. side of the Shoalhaven river, 4 miles W. by N. 
of the village of Numba. The surrounding country is generally undulating, with 
much flat and occasionally swampy ground. The population numbers about 50 
persons, almost exclusively engaged in agricultural pursuits. The geological forma- 
tion is chiefly sandstone. 

BOMBALA, 36° 50 7 S. lat., 149° 21' E. long {Co. Wellesley), is a postal township, 
in the parish of Bombala, electoral district of Monaro, and police district of Bombala. 
It is situated on the Bombala river, Saucy creek being 1 mile S., the Delegete moun- 
tains 20 miles S. , and the Black lake about 6 miles N. ; there are, also, several small 
lagoons in the neighbourhood. There is a steam flour mill, a water-power flour mill,, 
and 2 tanneries in the township, all in full work. The district is a pastoral and agri- 
cultural one, the land being well adapted for the former pursuit. Gold mining is 
carried on at the Delegete and Nelbothery diggings, 18 miles S., and at several quartz, 
reefs in the neighbourhood. The newly worked lead and copper mines at Quedong 
also lie within 16 miles S.W. During the year 1864 these mines produced 300 tons of 
copper, of the value of £7500. The nearest places are Cathcart, 10 miles E., and 
Merimbula, 55 miles E. , with which places there is communication by a two-horse 
vehicle. With Sydney, 345 miles N.N.E., the communication is by steamer from 
Merimbula, or by horse to Cooma, about 50 miles, thence by Cobb's coach via Quean- 
bey an and Goulburn to Picton, and thence by rail. There is a court of petty sessions 
weekly, and a district court twice a year. It is in contemplation to erect a hospital 
in Bombala, the want of one having been long felt in the district. The hotels are the 
Australian Arms, Royal, Bombala, Rose, Shamrock and Thistle, and Harp of Erin. 
The surrounding country is of an undulating character, lightly timbered, and well 
grassed, with numerous beautiful bald hills. Bombala has a branch of the Liverpool 
and London and Globe Insurance Company, it has a masonic lodge (Mountain lodge 
No. 920, E.C. ) and a newspaper (the Monaro Star). The geological formation is 
hornblendic granite and trap rock. The population numbers about 500 persons. 

Bombala police district embraces a portion of the pastoral district of Monaro ; 
and bounded on the N. by the range dividing the waters falling to the M 'Laughlan 
river from those falling to the Umaralla and Snowy rivers, to the confluence of the 
M 'Laughlan and Snowy rivers ; thence by the Snowy river to the confluence of the 
Tongaro or Jacob's river, and by that river, upwards to the great dividing range ; 
on the W. by the great dividing range to the boundary between New South Wales 
and Victoria ; on the S. by that boundary, E. , to the range dividing the waters of 
the Snowy river from those of the Towamba, Genoa, and Bega rivers ; and on the E. 
by that range, N. , to the range dividing the waters falling to the M 'Laughlan river 
from those falling to the Umaralla and Snowy rivers, aforesaid. The place of petty 
sessions is Bombala township. 

BOMBALA RIVER {Co. Wellesley) is an E. tributary of the Snowy river, rising 
in the W. slope of the S. coast range, and flowing S.W. about 50 miles through the S. 
part of the Monaro plains. It is fed by the Undowah, Coolumbooka, Brugolong, 
Cambalong, Maharatta, and Slaughterhouse creeks, and the Delegete river. The 
township of Bombala lies at the junction of the Bombala river and the Coolumbooka 
creek. Granite and trap rock, with quartz -bearing slate. 

BOMBALA STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Campbell, Ronald ; area, 
15,000 acres ; grazing capability, 7500 sheep. The nearest post town is Bombala. 
Charges, £144 7s. 6d. 

B0MBALDERY STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Hope, Abraham ; 
area, 7680 acres ; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£50 ; the recently appraised rental, £67. 

BOMBA STATION ( Warrego district) : occupier, Dodds, Alexander ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31 5s. 6d. 

B0MBI POINT {Co. Northumberland) is a rocky promontory, forming the outer 
N. head of Broken bay. Sandstone. 

B0MB0 CREEK {Co. Dampier). See Bumbo Creek. 

B0MERA STATION ( Liverpool plains district ) ; occupiers, Towns, William 



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and Andrew ; area, 20,000 acres : grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental, i'81 8s. 6d. 

BONAD CREEK {Co. Wellington) is a small auriferous tributary of the Eagle 
Beagle creek, 3 miles W. of Burrendong. 

BONAR STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Lee, William ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

BONDI BAY {Co. Cumberland) is a fine open bight in the coast, having a shal- 
low sandy beach, exposed to the heavy ground swell from the ocean, and therefore 
useless as a place of shelter for vessels. The N. head of this bay, a bold cliff, known 
as Ben Buckler, lies about 4 miles S. of the entrance to port Jackson, the bay being 
about half a mile across, and its S. head being a rocky point, known as the Boot. 
Bondi bay lies about 4 miles from the centre of Sydney, and is a favourite place of 
resort for pic-nic parties. The surrounding district is studded with villa residences. 
Sandstone. 

BONDI PEAK {Co. Auckland) is a high hill on the creek of the same name, and 
on the road from Gipps land via the Genoa river. It lies about 7 miles N. of the 
dividing line. Trap rock. 

BONDI STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Stevenson, John ; area, 40,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. Charges, £60. 

B0ND0B0LLA STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Lloyd, G. C. 
and C. W. ; area, 25,600 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were 
£40 ; the recently appraised rental is £66. 

B0ND0 STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, unknown ; area, 12,800 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. 

B0NE-B0NE STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Eouse, Geo. ; estimated 
area, 19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 2400 sheep. The old charges were £47 12s. 6d. ; 
the recently appraised rental is £50. 

BONE CEEEK STATION {Liverpool plains district). See Premer Station. 

BONE STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Allan, Street, and 
Norton ; area, 48,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were 
£40 ; the recently appraised rental is £173. 

B0NG-B0NG, 34° 32' S. lat., 150° 28' E. long. {Co. Camden), is a smaU hamlet 
and outlying post office in the parish of Bong-Bong, electoral district of Camden, and 
police district of Berrima. It is situated on the Wingecarribee creek, about 80 miles 
S.W. from Sydney, and is distant about 5 miles from Berrima, and from Bowral 
about 2 miles. It is also distant about 8 miles from the newly-settled brush district 
of Kangaloon. The inhabitants are exclusively occupied in pastoral and agricultural 
pursuits, for which the soil and climate are admirably adapted. The nearest telegraph 
and money order office is Berrima, with which place there is no regular communication. 
Sydney is reached by coach from Berrima to Picton, and thence by rail. The Winge- 
carribee river traverses the district from S.E. to N.W. The country is undulating, 
varying froom 2000 feet on the river to 3000 feet at the summit of the Menigarg 
range, above the level of the sea. The geological formation is the Wianamatta shale, 
and the upper beds of the coal formation traversed by numerous dykes of trap, to the 
presence of which the district owes its rich soil and abundant water. 

B0NG-B0NG STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Campbell, Geo. ; area, 
30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £60. 

B0NGEAB0NG, NEW {Bligh district) ; occupier, Cheetham, J. L. ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, .£30. 

BONGEABONG STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Cheetham, J. L. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £45. 

B0NG0NGAL0NG CPJEEK {Co. Harden) is a smaU W. tributary of the 
Muttama creek. It is fed by the Mitta-Mitta, Burra-Burra, and Bongondong creeks. 
Granite and metamorphic slate. 

p 



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[Bon — Boo 



BONGAEALABY CREEK (Co. Argyle) is a small tributary of the head of the 
Mulwarre ponds, flowing in the rich pastoral country of the Goulburn plains. 
Granite and limestone. 

BONLAY OUTER STATION" [Albert district) ; occupier, Crozier, J. ; area, 
93,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

B0NLEY STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, McRae, Ronald ; area, 60,460 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £85. 

BOKONGIE STATION" (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Chadwick, Nicholas ; 
estimated area, 44,800 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The old charges were 
£80 ; the recently appraised rental is £150. 

BONONGLE S. STATION (Murrumbidgee district); occupier, Chadwick, 
Nicholas ; area, 32, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

BQNOEAH UPPER STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Healey, Michael ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £3-5. 

B0NSHAW STATION (X. E. district) ; occupiers, Keys and Etherington ; 
area, 160,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£123 15s. ; the recently appraised rental is £180. 

B0FYE0 STATION fLachlan district) ; occupier, Salting, S. K. ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were, £40 ; the recently 
appraised rental is £60. 

B0G3ABIL STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Sivil, James; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

B0QBALA CREEK (or Yamsrman) STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; 
occupiers, Towns, "William and Audrey/; area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 7000 
sheep. The old charges were £70 ; the recently appraised rental is £113 12s. 9d. 

B00B0EGWXE STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, Bouchart, K., and Dog- 
herty ; area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £35. 

B00DA STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Douglass, Walter; area, 18,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. Charges, £32. 

B0QGENDEEEA, E., STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Adams, Henry; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Charges, £31. 

B00GANDEEEA, E., STATION, No. 2 (Warrego district) ; occupier, Adams, 
Henry ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31. 

BQOGAKDEBRA, W., STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Adams, Henry; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Charges, £31. 

B00GANBEEEA, W., STATION No. 2 (Warrego district) ; occupier, Adams, 
Henry ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31. 

BOOK-BOOK {Co. Wynyard) is a group of three detached peaks, lying to the 
E. of Livingstone gully, W. of the Kyaniba creek, and about 22 miles S. of Wagga- 
Wagga, in rugged pastoral country. Granite and slate. 

B00KHAM (Co. Harden) is the postal name of the township of Bogolong, 
which see. 

B00K00K00EAEA STATION (Clarence district) ; occupier, Richardson, N. ; 
area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £70. 

B00LEMDILE (or Harrison) MOUNT (Co. Leichardt) is a lofty peak of the 
Warrabungle range, lying about 8 miles W. of Coonabarabran. Granite and 
metamorphic slate. 

B00LIGAL (Co. Nicholson) is a postal township in the electoral district of 
Murrumbidgee, and police district of Wagga-Wagga. It is situated on the E. bank of 
the Lachlan river, 50 miles N. of Hay, and 440 miles S. E. of Sydney, in a large flat 
plain, with scarcely a tree in it. There is one well-kept hotel, the One Tree (Finch's). 
There are 2 punts over the river at Booligal. Coaches run weekly to Sydney via 
Denilicpiin and Albury. The population is small and scattered, the district being 
wholly a pastoral one. Pliocene tertiary. 



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BOOLIGAL STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, McMullen, J. F. ; area, 
11,920 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Booligal. The 
old charges were £30 ; the recently appraised rental is £183. 

BOOLOLAGXJE'G MOUNT ( Co. Rous) is a peak of the Macpherson's range, lying 
on the boundary between New South Wales and Queensland, about 8 miles W. of 
point Danger. Sandstone. 

B00L00MBAG0 {Co. Gloucester) is a small hamlet in the parish of the same 
name, electoral district of the Williams, and police district of port Stephens. It is 
situated on the Booloombago creek, and on the W. border of the Myall lakes, and has 
a steam saw mill employed in sawing up the valuable timber of the district, of which 
great quantities are sent to the Sydney market. The nearest places are the village of 
Bullah-dellah, 6 miles W. , and the township of Stroud, 28 miles W. , the communica- 
tion being by horse along a bush track. With Sydney the communication is from 
Stroud by coach to Raymond Terrace, and thence by steamer. The population of the 
hamlet and neighbourhood numbers about 100 persons, chiefly engaged in the timber 
trade, although there are several small settlers on the alluvial flats on the banks of the 
stream. The geological formation is sandstone and granite. 

B00L00REE STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Jeffreys, Wm. ; area, 
16,640 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old. charges were ±'40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £91. 

B0QL00R0Q STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, King, Richard ; area, 40,960 
acres ; grazing capability, 1600 head of cattle. The old charges were £80 ; the recently 
appraised rental is £140. 

BGQICAGRIL STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Brown, John ; area-, 
SI, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

B90MAGRIL BACK STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Brown, J. ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

B00MAGRIL, W., STATION {Wellington district); occupier, Christie and 
Eyrie; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, i'30 5s. 

B00MAH STATION {Albert district) ; occupiers, Henty and Sampson ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

B00MANGABAK, S., STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, Richardson and 
Wrench; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

B00MARTH0NG STATION {Darling district); occupier, Tyson, Peter; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £60. 

B00MERA CEEEK {Co. Napier, Liverpool plains district) is a W. tributary of 
the Turrabeill creek, draining fine pastoral country, and flowing into the main stream 
in Bowen plains. Alluvial mould on basalt. 

B00MIARXC00L STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Taylor, William. ; 
area, 38,400 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £45. 

B00MI CEEEK {Co. Murchison, Gwydir district) is a small W. tributary of &3be 
Noocera creek, rising in the Nundawar range, and flowing W. N. W. about 20 miles. 
Upper palaeozoic. 

B00MI EIVEE (Co. Benarba, Gwydir district ) is a branch of the Maeintyre 
river, flowing out of it at Boolonga, and after a course of about 70 miles, joining it ag; 
at its lower end, near its fall into the Barwon river. It flows through scrubby and san< . r 
country, interspersed with polygonum flats and reedy swamps, and but little available f. r 
any purpose. The geological formation is lower palaeozoic, with pliocene tertiary a&d 
alluvial deposit. 

B00MLEY STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, McViccars, Archibald ; esti- 
mated area, 15,000 acres ; grazing capability, 200 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £30 ; the recently appraised rental is £33. 

B0QNABILLA VALLEY {Co. Durham) is a deep valley, lying between mount 
Carrow and Cobrabald, at a distance of about 25 miles N. from Bandon grove. It con- 
tains fine soil, suited for agriculture, and mostly taken up by settlers. 



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B00NALD00N STATION [Gwydir district) ; occupier, Napier, Robert ; area, 
39,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 bead of cattle. Cbarges, £32. 

B00NAL STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupier, Digit, J. B. ; area, 48,000 acres;, 
^razing capability, 1440 bead of cattle. The old cbarges were £90 ; tbe recently 
appraised rental is £115. 

BOON ANGER STATION (Gwydir district) • occupier, Nowlan, John Robinson ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£50 '; the recently appraised rental is £75. 

B00NARN00MAN STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Jeffries, 
Herbert C. ; area, 76,800 acres ; grazing capability, 10,000 sheep. Charges, £100. 

B00NB0UR0TJBI MOUNT (Co. Gourallie) is a lofty and precipitous peak of 
the Nundawar range of mountains, lying about 36 miles to the N.E. of the township 
of Narrabri, and to the W. of the Horton river. Red trap rock. 

B00NDI LAKE [Go. Auckland) is a small saline lagoon, lying on the sandy 
beach about 1 mile S. of Wallagoot lake, and 7 miles S. E. of- Bega. 

B00NIARIC00L BACK STATION (Darling district); occupier, Taylor, 
William ; area, [6 1,440 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

B00NINGII STATION (Macleay district) ; occupiers, Kemp, W. H. R. A. H. 
and E. R. ; area, 12,800 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £10.. 

B00N00-B00N00 GOLD FIELD (Go. Butler) is an alluvial diggings lying on 
the road from Tenterfield to Queensland, via Maryland, about 10 miles N. of the 
former place. This diggings is usually included in the Timbarra gold field. Granite 
and metamorphic slate. 

B00N00K, N., STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Butchard, James ; 
area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £22. 

B00RABA STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupier, Dangar, Henry ; area, 13,440 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

B00RAH CREEK DIGGINGS {Go. Murchison) is a small alluvial gold 
workings in the Bingera gold fields, lying 6 miles S. of the township of Bingera. 
Hornblendic granite. 

B00RAL (Go. Gloucester) ; is a small agricultural hamlet in the parish of Booral 
and electoral district of the Williams ; it is situated at the head of the navigation of 
the Karuah river, and lies about half way between Stroud and Gloucester. Sand- 
s tone. 

B00RAMBIL STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, O'Sullivan, D. and S. 
estimated area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Condobolin. The old charges were £42 16s. 3d. ; the recently appraised 
rental is £166 13s. 

B00RANDAH STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Healy, Michael ; estimated 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The old charges were £60 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £40. 

B00RANDARA STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Sigar, E. W. ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

B00RANDARA STATION, No. 2 ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Smith, J. T. ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

BOOR ANG ALLEN PONDS {Go. King) is a stream rising in the W. slope of 
the Australian Alps, near Mutmutbilly, and Sowing in a general W. direction, crossing 
and recrossing the Goulburn and Yass road into the Diamond creek. This creek does 
not run for a great portion of the year, but subsides into a chain of deep ponds 
of good water. 

B00RANIBIRRA STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, Loder and Capp ; 
area, 32,000 ; grazing capability ; 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

B00RANIBIRRA STATION W. (Warrego district) ; occupier, McKenzie,. 
Colin ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £10. 



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The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



09 



BOORAL AND TEN MILE CREEK STATION ( Wellington district) ; occu- 
pier, Forlonge, W. ; area, 51,200 acres; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £60. 

B00RARAN STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Forlonge, "William ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

B00RAR0 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, Bricknell, C. W. and W. 
W.; area, 19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £21. 

B00RCEBIL STATION (Lachlan district); occupiers, O'Sullivan, D. and S.; 
area, 26,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £35. 

B00REE BOGAN STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Keeman, James ; 
area, 12,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £47. 

B00REE NOIR MOUNT {Co. Wellington). See Canobolas. 

B00REL (Co. Gloucester) is a small agricultural settlement on the Karuah river, 
7 miles from Stroud. Sandstone. 

B00REN CREEK (Co. Ashburnham) is a N. tributary of the Bourimbla creek, 
rising in the rugged country W. of the Canobolas, and flowing S.W. It is crossed by 
the Orange and Forbes road. Metamorphic slate. 

B00R0BEL MOUNT (Co. Nandewar) is a peak of the Peel range lying on the 
bank of the Namoi river, about one mile N. of the township of Carroll. Sandstone. 

BOOROOBAMLLY, E., STATION (Murrumbidgee district); occupiers, Watson 
and Hewitt ; area, 6400 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

B00R00BANILLY STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Virgoe, 
Richard William ; area, 19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, 
£34 10s. ; new appraisements, £60. 

B00R0L0NG CREEK (Cos. Hardinge and Sandon, New England district) is an 
auriferous N. tributary of the Rocky river, rising in a W. spur of the Australian Alps, 
in the N. of the parish of Exmouth, near the Devil's pinch, on the road from Armi- 
dale to Falconer, and flowing in a general S. direction about 25 miles through the 
village of Borolong into the main stream of Yarrowick village reserve (Rollins's old 
station). This creek is of the same nature as the Rocky river, its bed being nearly 
filled with vast granite boulders, beneath or between which the gold is found. There 
are some falls in the course of this creek, which is through rugged, broken country. 
The geological formation is hornblendic granite, gold in association with garnets, 
sapphires, and the ore being found in the granitic detritus. 

BOOROOK STATION (Clarence district) ; occupier, Wheatley, G. ; area, 15,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £21. 

BOOROOMBA STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, White, J. F. H. C. and 
E. ; estimated area, 80,000 acres; grazing capability, 3000 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £190 ; the recently appraised rental is £195. 

BOOROOMBA STATION (Monaro district); occupier, M'Keachnie, Charles; 
.area, 21,000 acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. Charges, £38 2s. 6d. 

BOOROOMUGGA STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Duffy, C. G. ; area, 
64.000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

BOOROOMUGGA, E. B. of B. STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, 
O'Grady, M. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

BOOROOMUGGA, E. B. of B. STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, 
O'Grady, M. ; area, 50,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

BOOROOMUGGA, N., STATION (Warrego district); occupier, Duffy, C. G. ; 
area, 32,000 icres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

B00R0VA (or Bujrrowa) 34° 27' S. lat., 149° 46' E. long. (Co. King) is a postal 
township in he parish of Boorowa, electoral district of the Lachlan, and police dis- 
trict of Binabng. It is situated on the Boorowa river, and on the road from Sydney 
to Wagga Wagga, 222 miles S.W. from the former place. The river, whence the 
township talcs its name, flows in a semicircle round the S. side of the town from W. 
to E. . Then are numerous creeks in the neighbourhood, the largest of them being 
known as Pulman's creek. There is also a very pretty lake lying about 2 miles from 



7!> 



[Boo 



the township, where good shooting may be had. Two beautiful volcanic hills lie near 
the township, known as large and small Carramumbola ; on the latter are interesting 
traces of extensive and violent eruptions, well worthy the attention of the tourist, be 
he travelling in pursuit of scientific information, or merely as a sight- seer and plea- 
sure-seeker. The former of the two hills has an area of about 1500 acres, which land 
is reserved by the government as a town common. The district is a pastoral and 
agricultural one, and, as free selection has been allowed to a large extent in the 
locality, the latter branch of industry has considerably advanced within the last 3 or 
4 years, and the agricultural resources of that part of the colony are becoming well 
developed. There are 2 flour mills in the town (Scott's and Hayes's) which supply 
the requirements not only of Boorowa, but, to some extent, of Young and other 
neighbouring townships. There is an excellent copper mine 6 miles from the town, 
which was worked to advantage before the discovery of gold in the colony, but which 
was then, and has been since, neglected ; also a gold working 20 miles E. , which 
promises well. The nearest places to Boorowa are Binalong, 16 miles S.S.W. ; 
Marengo, 18 miles on the road to Cowra ; Young, 27 miles jST.E. : Yass, 35 miles 
S.E. ; and Gunning, 50 miles S.S.E., on the direct road to Goulburn. A coach runs 
thrice a week to and from Yass, calling at the village of Bowning on its way. With 
the other places the communication is by horse or dray, the mails to those places 
being carried on pack horses. "With Sydney, 222 miles X.E., are by Cobb's coach via 
Yass to Picton, and thence by rail, or on horseback to Goulburn via. Gunning, and 
thence by coach to Picton, the latter route being 15 miles shorter, and the roads more 
level. There are no benevolent institutions in Boorowa, the fines for petty offences 
and unclaimed impoiinding monies being applied to the support of the Yass hospital. 
The hotels are the Royal, Burrowa, Queen's Arms, Commercial, Times, and Railway, 
at the first of which passengers and parcels are booked for the mail coach. Boorowa 
has a post and money order office, a good court house, and several large stores. A 
district court is much needed in the township, and application has repeatedly been 
mate of late for the establishment of one. Telegraphic communication is not as yet 
extended so far, although it would be a great boon to the district. The nearest tele- 
graph station is at Yass. The roads are in many places out of repair, and bridges 
over the larger creeks are wanted, there being none except the one over the Boorowa 
river, adjoining the town; some of the roads are impassable in the rainy season, in con- 
sequence, a fact to be the more regretted as the country in many parts near the town 
i3 not surpassed in point of beauty or scenery by any in the colony. The Boorowa 
plains, in particular, are spoken of by travellers in high terms, both for their beauty 
and fertility, and' have been often compared with the celebrated "Downs "of the 
Home country. There are 3 churches, Episcopalian, Roman Catholic, and Wesleyan, 
but no resident clergyman except the Roman Catholic one. There are also 2 schools, 
a Roman Catholic denominational one, and a Church of England private one. The 
surrounding country is undulating, well grassed, watered, and timbered, and admir- 
ably adapted for agricultural pursuits, which are extensively followed, and are yearly 
increasing. The geological formation is granite and limestone. The population 
numbers about 1500 persons, including those engaged in farming pursuits in the 
neighbourhood of the town. 

BOOROWA FLAT CREEK (Co. Harden) is a small tributary of 1 the _head of 
the Spring creek, in the parish of Nurung, flowing S.W. M. Murphy his 670 acres 
at the lower end of this creek. 

BOOROWA PLAINS (Co. King) is a tract of fine undulating pastcral country, 
lying between the Boorowa river on the W. a)id the Pudman creek on the E. The 
township of Boorowa is situated in the N. part of these plains, which are well grassed 
and watered, and afford excellent grazing for cattle. Granite and limestme. 

BOOROWA RIVER [Cos. Jlonteagle, Harden, and King) is a fine S. tributary 
of the Lachlan river, rising in the elevated country to the S. of the Bocrowa plains, 
and flowing N. about 65 miles through good undulating pastoral country, and forming 
the division between the counties of Monteagle and Harden on the W. , aid King on 
the E. It flows through the township of Boorowa, at which place it is c:ossed by the 
road from Binalong to Binda. It is fed by Crosbie's, Corcoran's, Geegulalong, Pud- 
man, Goba, Stoney, Xarellan, and Cookoomingala creeks. 



BOOROWA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Allnian aid Laidlaw ; 



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area, 3925 acres ; grazing capability, 350 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Boorowa. The old charges were £61 ; the recently appraised rental is £55. 

BOOTH HILL {Co. Cowley) is a high peak, lying to the W. of the Naas valley, 
about 12 miles W. of Michelago. Granite. 

BOOT THE [Co. Cumberland.) See Bondi Bay. 

BOOYAMUREA PLAINS {Co. Napier) is a tract of pastoral land situated on 
the Coolaburragungy river, and in the S. part of the district of Liverpool plains. 
Granite and deep alluvial drift. 

BORU STATION" {Liverpool plains dstrict) ; occupiers, Morehead and Young ; 
area, 32,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40; the 
recently appraised rental, £110. 

BOE AH CREEK {Co. Darling) is a W. tributary of the Manila river, rising in 
and flowing through the good pastoral country N.E. of Gulligal, in an E. direction 
about 20 miles. The geological formation is hornblendic granite, resembling that of 
the Ovens gold fields, with rich black alluvial mould. 

B0EAH CREEK {Co. White, Liverpool plains district) is theE. head or tributary 
of the Brigalow creek, rising in the Kerewally springs, near the village of Berambulla, 
and running N. about 50 miles to its junction with the Yanimba creek. It flows 
through a fertile plain, with excellent grass, and occasional patches of open box 
forest and brigalow scrub. The geological formation is basalt, with swampy alluvial 
deposit. 

B0EAMBIL CHEEK {Co. Bligh) is a small E. tributary of Manmurra creek. 
Sandstone. 

B0SAMBIL CREEK {Co. Buckland) is an E. tributary of the Conadilly river, 
rising in the W. slope of the Australian Alps, near Doughboy hollow, and flowing 
N.W. through good pastoral and occasional agricultural ground, much of the latter 
taken up by Andrew Loder and others. Towards its lower end the Borambil creek 
subsides in summer into a mere dry watercourse, with a few ponds, scarcely traceable 
in places. In wet weather it receives the waters of the Jack's and Warrah creeks, 
and of the Chilcott's and Colly creeks, the Willow Tree inn, on the road from 
Murrurundi to Quirindi, being at the mouth of the latter. The geological formation 
is upper and middle palaeozoic, with pliocene tertiary drift. 

B0EAMBIL STATION {Wellington district); occupier, Suttor, W. H. ; esti- 
mated area, 19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £40 ; me recently apj^raised rental is £86. 

BOEiMBXL, No. 2 STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Suttor, W. H. ; 
area, 37,423 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£42 16s. 3d ; the recently appraised rental is £166 13s. 

B0RAITA STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Trust and Agricul- 
tural Comoany of Australia (limited) ; area, 60,000 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 
sheep. Oil charges, £80 ; new appraisement, £200. 

BORATTA, N., STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Trust and 
Agricutural Company of Australia (limited) ; area, 9829 acres ; grazing capability, 
8000 sleep. Charges, £35. 

B3EBE RUN STATION {Warrego district); occupier, Forlonge, William; 
area, .2,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31 Is. 

K)REABLE MOUNT (or Vernon's Peak) ( Co. Leichardt) is a lofty peak of 
the A'buthnot or Warrabungle range, lying about 10 miles W.S.W. of Coonabarabran. 
Grante and metamorphic slate. 

30REE {Co. Ashburnham) is a fine grazing tract of country, situate to the 
N.W of the Belubula river, in the district of Wellington. There is in this country a 
very remarkable natural bridge, formed by the limestone rock, across the Boree 
strean, which stream receives in its course various subterranean tributaries. Meta- 
mor]hic slate and limestone. 

B0EEE CARBONNE STATION {Wellington district) ; occupier, Smith, John; 



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[Bor — Bos 



area, 44,000 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. The old charges were £26 5s. • 
the recently appraised rental is £36 5s. 

BOREE CREEK STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Jackson, John ; 
area, 15,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £31 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £12 10s. 

B0EEE HOLLOW CREEK (Co. Wellington) is a small auriferous W. tribu- 
tary of the Molong river. Sandstone, shale, and limestone. 

B0REEN0VE CREEK (Co. Wellington) is a small auriferous W. tributary of the 
Molong river. Sandstone, shale, and limestone. 

BOREE NYRANG STATION (Wellington district); occupier, Barton, Robert 
J. ; area, 66,560 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£150 ; the recently appraised rental is £300. 

BOREE STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Orr, Ebenezer ; estimated 
area, 25,600 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Bourke. The old charges were £60 ; the recently appraised rental is £60. 

BOREE SWAMP (Co. Northumberland) is a tract of marshy land lying on the 
big and little Boree creeks, 10 miles S.S.W. of the Wollombi township. Alluvial 
drift. 

B0REEG-ERY STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Ramsey, R. and 
J. ; area, 5000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31. 

BOREHOLE (Co. Northumberland) is a postal hamlet lying 2 miles from New- 
castle, and being the residence of a number of coal miners, employed in the collieries 
in the neighbourhood. Carbonaceous sandstone. 

B0RENG0 STATION (Giaydir district) ; occupier, Holt, Thomas; area, 14,000 
acres, grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old charges were £160 ; the recently 
appraised rental, is £90. 

B0RERI CREEK (Co. Rous) is a small tributary of the N. arm of the Richmond 
river. Sandstone. 

B0RGASA STATION (Bligh district); occupier, Flood, Walter; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

BORIMBADAL (Co. St. Vincent) is a small S. tributary of the Shoalhaven 
river. Carboniferous rock and porphyritic granite. 

B0R0, 35° 11' S. lat., 149° 42' E. long. (Co. Argyle), is a small village in the 
parish of Boro, electoral district of Argyle, and police district of Goulburn. It is situ- 
ated on the Boro creek, lake George lying W. 12 miles ; and lake Bathurst JT., 8 miles 
distant. The district is an agricultural one, forming the S. part of the pelebrated 
Goulburn plains. The nearest places are, Bungendore, 16 miles SW. ; and ijraidwood, 
27 miles S.W. ; with both places there is communication by two horse c<jach, Boro 
lying on the great southern road at the junction of the roads to the two plapes. With 
Sydney, 153 miles N., the communication is villi Goulburn, by coach, to Pjcton, and 
thence by rail. There is one hotel in the village, the Sportsman's Arms, aii which is 
the coach office. The surrounding country is elevated and broken, and the geological 
formation is schist and quartz. The population is small, and scattered over the agri- 
cultural farms in the neighbourhood. 

BORO FLAT ( Co. Argyle) is a tract of flat agricultural land, lying betweei the 
Boro creek and the Shoalhaven river, near the villages of Larbert and Marlow. This 
flat forms the S.E. part of the Goulburn plains. The geological formation consists of 
porphyritic rock, giving place to grey granite and slate, ranging N. andS., and dipping 
34° W. ; in association with porphyry, also grey granite, passing into syenite andjpor- 
phyry, and full of hornblende ; it is nodular, and its bosses and summits stuqthe 
country on all sides. 

BORO STATION (Wellington district); occupiers, Ryrie and Alexander ; ^ea, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

B0R00BILL CREEK (Co. Bud-land). See Jack's Creek. 

BOSH'S CREEK ( Co. Wellington) is a small N. tributary of the Coolamin crfek, 
rising in the Mullion's range, and flowing E. past the N. foot of mount Coolalin, 
Metamorphic. 



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BOTANY {Co. Cumberland) is a postal township in the parish of Botany, 
-electoral district of Canterbury, and the metropolitan police district. It is situated 
on Cook's river and the N. shore of Botany bay — the former lying W. , the latter S. 
by W., and George's river S., 6 miles distant. Botany is an agricultural district, 
the principal industry being market gardening. It also contains a tannery, a fell- 
monger's yard, a slaughtering establishment, and the Sydney water works. The 
latter are situate about 5 miles from Sydney, and occupy an area of 30 acres, the 
water reserves being fed by many springs in Randwick and the vicinity. The 
quantity of water supplied to the city is about 18 millions of gallons per week. The 
water is exceedingly pure and sweet, and is pumped to the Sydney reservoir, in the 
Surry Hills, by means of three powerful beam engines, of a collective power of 250 
horses, each engine being capable of delivering 8 tons of water per minute, and forcing 
it to an elevation of 215 feet, at a distance of 4^ miles. Sydney is 5 miles distant, in a 
N. direction ; the communication being by means of a two-horse omnibus, which runs 
twice per day. The hotels are, the Sir Joseph Banks (Mulligan's) and the Discoverers 

the former a hne commodious house, with an extensive and well-kept pleasure 

garden, extending to the shore of the bay. It is one of the most favourite resorts of 
pleasure parties from Sydney, being celebrated for the quiet beauty of its situation, 
•and of the surrounding scenery. The country surrounding Botany consists of swamps 
and sand hills, with occasional patches of rich alluvial soil. The population numbers 
About 700 persons. There is a post office and a temperance hall in the township, 
and 5 places of worship of the following descriptions, viz. : — 2 Wesleyan, 1 church of 
England, 1 Roman Catholic, and 1 Congregational. The geological formation is red 
sandy stone, with alluvial and fluviatile deposit and sandy drift. In the parish of 
Botany are 4175 acres of unsold church and school land. 

BOTANY BAY ( Co. Cumberland) is a fine capacious harbour, the entrance to 
which lies about 9 miles S. of that to Port Jackson. The N. head of Botany Bay, 
Cape Banks, is in 34° S. lat., 151° 16' E. long. Botany bay is the spot first touched 
at by Captain Cook when he discovered the eastern coast of Australia, on the 28th 
April, 1770, early in the morning of which day he anchored under the S. shore, about 
two miles within the entrance, abreast of a small native village consisting of six or 
eight huts. The first person buried at Botany Bay was Forbes Sutherland, a native 
of the Orkneys, and one of the seamen belonging to the crew of Captain Cook, who 
died on the 30th April, 1770, and was, on the 1st of May, carried on shore, and buried 
near a small fresh-water creek ; and from that circumstance Captain Cook called the 
point which the land forms in that part of the bay Sutherland point. The name of 
Botany bay, conferred upon the comparatively barren coast where Cook and Banks first 
landed, is a permanent proof of the rich field of vegetable novelties which the latter 
met with there. The fact is, that wherever there is a particle of soil — in the midst 
of a desert of sand and salt, in the crevice of a rock, on the surface of a reef just 
emerged from the sea, or on the trunk of a fallen tree — there grows a plant of some 
kind or other ; it is often a useless, and sometimes an ungainly one, but still it 
grows, and grows rapidly. The harbour of Botany bay is about five miles long from 
N. to S. , and six miles in width from E. to W. , and receives the waters of Cook's 
and George's rivers. Botany bay, which is about 14 miles to the southward of 
the heads of port Jackson, is wide, open, and unsheltered for vessels. A brass plate 
on the cliffs marks the spot where Captain Cook first landed, which, together with 
a handsome monument, surmounted by a gilt sphere, erected to the memory of La 
Perouse, contributes to give an intellectual interest to the scene. The monument 
bears the following inscription : — "A la memoire de Monsieur de la Perouse. Cette 
terre, qu'il visita en 1788, est le derniere d'on il a fait parvenir de soi nouvelles. 
Erige au nom de la France par le soins de M. M. Bougainville et Ducampier, com- 
mandant la Fr§gate La Thetis, et la Corvette L'Esperance, en relache au Port Jackson 
■en 1825. Le fondement pose en 1825 ; Eleve 1828." 

BOTANY BAY is the name of an old district of the county of Cumberland, 
N. S. W., bounded on the S.E. side by Botany Bay, on the N.E. side by Cook's 
river, on the N. side by the Liverpool road, on the W. side by a line passing from 
Hacking's creek bridge to the head of the Salt creek, on the George's river old road, 
and thence by that creek, and on the S. side by George's river. 



B0THEE0E STATION {Bligh district); occupiers, Cooper, S. D., Buckland, 



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B. T. ; estimated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £25 ; the recently appraised rental is £75. 

B0T03QLAE CEEEK {Go. Phillip) is a tributary of the head of the Barigan 
creek. Granite and sandstone. 

BOTTLE and GLASS {Co. Cumberland) the name applied to two remarkable 
rocks standing at the W. head of Vaucluse bay, from a fancied resemblance to a bottle 
and a glass. The bottle has, however, been fallen into a slanting position for some 
years, and the likeness can scarcely now be perceived. Sandstone. 

BOTTLE CREEK {Co. Hons) is a small E. tributary of the head of the Clarence 
river, flowing through scrubby pastoral country. Sandstone. 

BQUAUA ROCK STATION ; occupier, Lawson, Nelson ; estimated area, 1920 
acres ; grazing capability, 1400 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the recently ap- 
praised rental is £20. 

BOUG-H YARD CREEK {Co. BuccleucJi), a small tributary of the upper end of 
the Bungle creek. Granite and metamorphic slate. 

BOUNDARY CREEK {Co. Goulbum) is a small W. tributary of the Wooniar- 
garna creek, leaving its rise in the little Yambla range. Mica schist, with outcropping 
granite. 

B0UNDAEY CREEK {Co. Gresham) is a smaU S. tributary of the Aberfoyle 
river. Sandstone. 

BOUNDARY STATION {Albert district) ; occupiers, Chambers, J. and J. ; 
area, 45, 120 acres ; grazing capability, 4900 sheep and 640 head of cattle. 
Charges, £110. 

B0UEAH-B0URAH CREEK STATION {New England district) ; occupier, 
Tyrrell, Right Rev. William ; area, 16,000 acres : grazing capability, 4000 sheep. 
Charges, £35. 

BOURBEEN STATION {Blijh district) • occupier, Flood, Edward ; estimated 
area, 19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. The old charges were £47 12s. 6d.; 
the recently appraised rental is £50. 

BQUEXMBLA CREEK {Co. Ashburnham), is an E. tributary of Byrne's creek, 
rising in the- Canobolas mountains, and flowing W. through rugged scrubby country, 
about 25 miles. It is fed by Spring, Booren, Oaky, and Bowen creeks. Metamorphic 
slate and limestone. 

BOURKE, 30° 8', S. lat. ; 146° 4' E. long. ( Co. Gowper) is a postal township in 
the parish of Bourke, electoral district of the Bogan, and police district of Balranald. 
It is situated on the Darling river, 7 miles below the confluence of the Bogan with 
that river, 20 miles below the confluence of the Culgoa, and 40 miles above the 
W arrego. There are numerous creeks in the district, amongst which may be named 
the Biree, Bookira, Hospital, Kato, Tarrein, Trara, and Murrima. Oxley's table land, 
a large plateau of sandstone and volcanic formation, is situated about 18 miles due E. 
of Bourke, and has an elevation of about 1000 feet above the level of the surrounding 
plains. Mount Druitt is situated about 50 miles from the township, on the Stone- 
henge station. Other mountains in the district are — the Gondabooka, Dunlop, and 
New Year's range. There are several lagoons in the neighbourhood, and numerous 
springs are found in a N.W. direction. Bourke is the furthest inland town of New 
South "Wales, it derives its name from the fort which was built by Major Mitchell, as 
a means of defence against the blacks, and which is situated about 6 miles below the 
present township. This place was reached by Mitchell on the 25th May, 1835, in his 
first expedition in search of the ultimate destination of the Darling river, the expedi- 
tion in which Cunningham was murdered by the blacks. The district in which Bourke 
is situated is strictly a pastoral one, and is unsurpassed in the colony in the variety 
and luxuriance of its pasturage, the grassy plains being intersected by immense belts 
of valuable salt bush. To the north of the township, good specimens of gold have 
been obtained, but the county has never been properly prospected. Dubbo lies about 
300 miles S.E. ; Menindie, 300 miles S.W. ; Breewarrina, 70 miles N.E. ; Walgett, 
about 150 miles E. ; and Wentworth about 520 miles S.W., distant from Bourke. 
With these places there is no regular land communication, except on horseback. Be- 
tween Wentworth and Bourke, however, calling at Menindie, steamers ply for a great 



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75 



portion of the year, up the Darling, supplying this enormous district with stores, 
chiefly from South Australia, and taking produce in return. With Sydney, 576 miles, 
the communication is by horse, to Molong or Dubbo, each distant about 400 miles 
S.E., thence by Cobb's coach to Penrith, and thence by rail ; the former is the mail 
route, and takes 8 days. The Bourke post office is the central one of the district, and 
receives and despatches 9 mails weekly. The township of Bourke has a good hospital, 
supported by voluntary contributions, and under the management of a resident phy- 
sician. There is a court of petty sessions, with a resident police magistrate, clerk, &c. ; 
a commissioner of Crown lands, several good stores, and the usual shops found in all 
country towns. There are two hotels, the Bourke and the Old Fort. The nearest tele- 
graph station at present is at Dubbo, although a line from Wentworth is contemplated. 
There are branches of the Commercial and City banks in the township. Bourke has 
been established a little more than three years, and, although yet in its infancy, bids 
fair, from its position, and the present extent of its trade, to become a highly import- 
ant inland town. The surrounding country consists, for the most part, of alluvial 
flats. Mitchell describes it as bordering the Darling, and consisting of beautiful high 
land, well-grassed, and lightly timbered, the banks of the river being earthy, broken, 
and covered with large trees. The river abounds with choice fish, and innumerable 
wild fowl ; turkeys, emus, and kangaroos, are found in numbers on the vast plains of 
the district ; and on the river, the aboriginals still dwell in hundreds. The geological 
formation is wholly pliocene tertiary. The population of Bourke and the immediate 
neighbourhood, numbers about 300 persons. 

Bourke police district embraces the E. portion of the pastoral district of Albert, the 
W. and S. portions of the pastoral district of Warrego, and a 1ST. portion of the pasto- 
ral district of Wellington ; and bounded on part of the W. from the Darling river, by 
the upper or N.E. boundaries of Merry and Outer Merry runs, S.E. to the E. corner 
of the latter run ; thence by the S. E. boundary of Outer Merry and Onondoo runs 
S.W. to the N.E. boundary of Wongolarroo run, by that boundary S.E. to the E. 
corner of that run; thence by the S.E. boundary of that run, S.W. to its S. 
corner, near McCulloch's range ; thence by a line bearing about S. 7° E. , 
to the N. boundary of the pastoral district of Darling, at a point about 
20 miles N.W. from the N.E. corner of that pastoral district ; thence 
on the S. and S. E. by the N. boundary of that district, S. E. , to its 
N.E. corner ; thence by the N.W. boundary of the pastoral district of Lachlan, beam- 
ing 1ST. 51° E., to the N.W. corner of the pastoral district of Wellington, at the N.W. 
corner of Hermitage plains block M run ; thence by the N.W. boundary of the pastoral 
district of Wellington, being the N.W. boundaries of block M. aforesaid, and 
Hermitage plains, block 1, and Glenariff block C runs, and the N. boundaries of 
W. Bogan run, No. 9, and E. Bogan No. 9, crossing the Bogan river, and a line 
E., to the confluence of Crooked creek with Marra creek, and crossing that 
creek, by the N. boundaries of Cooper and Willie runs, E. , to the Macquarie river ; and 
thence on the E. by that river, downwards to its confluence with the Darling or 
Barwon river, and by that river, downwards, to the confluence of the Bokharra river , 
thence by the E. boundary of the Mohanna Bun, N, to the N.E. corner of that run; 
thence by the back boundary of that run, W., to a point due S. of the S.W. 
corner of Birie, No. 1, E. run ; thence by the boundary dividing that run 
from Kunreebeeree E. run, N.W., to the confluence of the Culgoa and Birie rivers; 
thence by the boundary dividing block A or Cockellerina > run, from Kunreebeeree 
run, N. W. , to the W. corner of the Block A run, aforesaid ; and thence by the 
back boundaries of all the runs fronting to the W. side of the Culgoa river, N. (those 
runs being included in the Walgett police district), to the 29th parallel of S. lat., 
being the boundary dividing the colonies of New South Wales and Queensland ; on 
the N. by that boundary to a point 5 miles W. from the Paroo river ; thence on the 
remainder of the W. by the W. or back boundaries of all the runs fronting 
to the W. side of the Paroo river, including those runs, S., to the N. 
boundary of Mullawoolka W. run, by that boundary W., and by the 
E. and N. and W. boundaries of Thoungo run, N., W., and S., to 
Tongo creek ; thence by the W. boundary of Thoungo S. run, S. , and the E. 
and south boundaries of east Peri run, southerly and westerly, and the east boundary 
of Peri run, southerly, to the north-west corner of Bathing spring run ; thence by the 
north and east boundaries of that run, easterly and southerly, to its south-eastern 
corner ; thence by the south-western boundaries of mount M'Pherson block 1, mount 



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M'Pherson block A, and mount M'Pherson runs, Walker's 22 Camp back run, and 
Walker's 22 Camp run, south-easterly to the Darling river ; and thence by that river, 
downward, to the upper boundary of Merry run, aforesaid. The place of petty sessions 
is Bourke. 

BOURKE is a county in the pastoral district of Lachlan, the boundaries of which 
are not at present defined. 

BOURKE ISLAND {Co. Cumberland) is a small rocky islet lying in Long Cove, 
about three quarters of a mile S.W. from the Parramatta river. It is a favourite 
place of resort for pic-nics, fishing, and oystering parties. Sandstone. 

BOURKE TOWN {Co. Cumberland) is a small township laid out in the Five 
Dock estate, in the parish of Concord and electoral district of Canterbury. It is a 
rural district, situated on the Five Dock road, and is inhabited only by a few agri- 
culturists, who supply the Sydney market with fruit and vegetables. It is 3 miles N. 
from Ashheld, the nearest railway station, and 9 miles W. from Sydney. The district 
is becoming a favourite suburban place of residence to Sydney. Sandstone. 

BOUROLONGr STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Marsh, M. H. ; 
area, 81,920 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle and 24,000 sheep. Old 
charges, £280 ; new appraisement, £406. 

BOW AN CREEK {Co. Ashburnham) is a S. tributary of Bourimble creek, rising 
in the broken country W. of the Canobolas and flowing W.N. W. about 12 miles. 
Granite, trap rock, and slate. 

B0WB0 WRING CREEK ( Co. Cumberland) is a small tributary of the Bun- 
bury Curran creek, rising near the township of Narellan. Silurian. 

BOW CREEK {Cos. Brisbane and Bligli) is a N. tributary of the Goulburn 
river, flowing through the township of Boggibri, and fed by the Bobialla creek. 
Sandstone. 

BOWENFELS, 33° 29' S. lat., 150° 9' E. long. {Co. Cook), is a postal township 
in the parish of the same name, and electoral and police districts of Hartley, Bowen's 
Hollow. It is situated at an elevation of 2921 feet above sea level, on the main W. 
road, at the junction of the road to Mudgee, the river Cox running within 2^ miles. 
S., and mount Victoria lying S.E., and mount Lambie to the S.W. The district is an 
agricultural, pastoral, and coal mining one, and there is a steam flour mill and a 
tweed factory in the neighbourhood. The nearest places are Hartley, 4 miles E., 
Rydal, 6| miles W., and Cullen Bullen, 18 miles N. The communication with these 
places is by mail coach, and with Sydney, distant 84 miles E. , by mail coacb to Pen- 
rith, and thence by rail. There are 4 hotels in the township, the Eagle and Child, 
Bowenfels Inn, Royal and Glasgow Arms. There is a post and money order office in 
the township, a booking office for the mail coach to Penrith, Bathurst, Mudgee, and 
intervening towns, and a branch of the Northern Fire and Life Insurance company. 
The surrounding country is exceedingly mountainous and rugged, heavily timbered 
and thickly scrubbed. The population numbers about 350 persons, and the geological 
formation of the district is granite, blue and grey, with freestone, ironstone, and 
limestone. 

BOWEN'S CREEK {Co. Cook) is a small tributary or branch of the Wollan- 
gambi creek, rising in mount Tomah, and flowing N. E. about 20 miles. Sandstone. 

BOWEN'S ISLAND ( Co. St. Vincent) is a small sandy patch, lying at the en- 
trance to Jervis bay, 20 miles S. of Nowra. 

B0W0BAH STATION {BUgh district) ; occupier, Healy, Michael; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31 5s. 

BOWLING ALLEY POINT (or Dungowan), 31° 25' S. lat., 151° 10' E. long. 
{Co. Parry), is a postal mining township in the parish of Dungowan, and electoral 
district of Liverpool plains. It is situated on the Peel river, and Cann's plains, and 
Munro's creeks, Duncan's creek being 2 miles E., Jenny's creek 1 mile S., and Hide's 
creek 2 miles N.W. The district is an agricultural, pastoral, and mining one, the 
latter both alluvial and quartz, the digging extending about 9 miles N. and S. on the 
Peel river. There are 3 quartz-crushing machines at work on the diggings. The 
nearest township is Nundle, 7 miles S. , with which communication is only to be had 



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by horse or dray, or by private conveyance, the mail being carried on horseback. 
Communication with Sydney, 250 miles, is had by coach to Singleton, thence by rail 
to Newcastle, and thence by steamer. The hotels in Bowling Alley point are the 
Jenny Lind, Hit or Miss, Peel River, and Specimen Inn. The surrounding country 
is mostly elevated, but along the banks of the Peel river are fertile alluvial flats 
highly cultivatd, and to the W. extend large pastoral plains. The climate is mild, 
and is considered by medical men to be one of the healthiest in the colony ; almost 
any vegetable product that can be grown in any other part of New South Wales can 
be cultivated with success in the district. The gold diggings have supported a large 
population for the last 13 years, and bid fair to do the same for many years to come ; 
the number of inhabitants of the Bowling Alley point being about 400, but those 
dwelling on the whole of the diggings, which extend about 9 miles, numbering about 
1500 persons. The geological formation is trap and volcanic rock, with quartz, 
granite, and argillaceous presentations. 

BOWMAN'S RIVER {Go. Gloucester) is a tributary of the Gloucester river, 
flowing from the W. about 20 miles, and being fed by the Craven creek. Sand- 
stone. 

BOWNA {Go. Goulburn) is a small township in the parish of Bowna, and elec- 
toral district of the Hume. It is situated on the Sydney road, about 12 miles N.E. 
of Albury, and on the Bowna creek, about 14 miles N.E. of Albury. The sur- 
rounding country consists of good agricultural land, much of it taken up by small 
farmers and settlers. The cultivation of the grape vine, to the production of which 
the soil is admirably adapted, is being much attended to in the district ; and tobacco 
is also grown to a considerable extent. The geological formation is granite and 
schist. 

BOWNA CREEK {Go. Goulburn) is a creek rising in the E. slope of the low 
piney ranges which form the W. boundary of the county of Goulburn, and flowing E. 
and S. to the Murray river, into which it falls about 10 miles E. of Albury. It flows 
past the township of Bowna, where it receives the waters of the Mullanjandra creek, 
and is fed in its course by that and the Dead Horse, Pour-mile, Table-top, and 
Gerogery creeks. The Albury and Sydney road crosses this creek at Bowna. The 
country through which it flows is chiefly pastoral, although a large quantity of the 
land at its lower end is under cultivation. A considerable tract of land near the 
township has been cut up into small allotments, which are nearly all taken up. H. 
Calder has 640 acres, but the other holders are purchasers of small lots only. The 
geological formation of the course of this stream is schistose, with granite cropping 
out at the summits of the hills. 

BOWNA STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Peter, John ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £30 ; new appraisement, 
£109 7s. 6d. 

BOWNING {Go. Harden) is a small roadside village on the road from Yass; 
to Jugiong, about 4 miles N.W. of the former place. It is situated on the 
Bowning creek, and lies between the Boorowa and the Yass plains. Metamorphie 
slate, granite, and limestone. 

. BOWNING CREEK {Go. Harden) is a small N. tributary of the Yass river, 
falling into that river in the N. of the Yass plains, after a S. course of about 12 miles ; 
it crosses the Yass and Gundagai road at the township of Bowning. Granite and 
limestone. 

BOWNING HILL ( Co. Harden) is a hill of some eminence, overhanging the town 
of Bowning oh the S.E. side. This hill is a bold round elevation, 7 miles distant from 
Yass. A little more than a year ago the entire mountain was on fire, and presented 
a magnificent sight from all parts of the neighbouring country. The road from Yass 
to Bowning, Bookham, and Jugiong, passes over the N. shoulder of this hill. The 
geological formation is of granite and limestone. 

BOWNING STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Mineham, Daniel ; area,. 
6700 acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Yass. 
The old charges were £38 2s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £50. 

B0WBALL {Co. Camden) is a small agricultural hamlet, on the great Southern 



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road, in the neighbourhood of Berrima. The district is well adapted for agricultural 
pursuits, aud much of the land is taken up by small settlers. Sandstone and shales. 

BOWRA STATION {Warrego district) ; occupier, Alexander, H. D. ■ area, 
16,000 acres : grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Bourke. 
Charges, £32. 

BOXTREE HOLE STATION {Bligh district) ■ occupier, Jones, John ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £33. 

BOY BEYAN STATION [Lachlan district) ; occupier, Suttor, J. B. ; area, 
12,800 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Booli- 
gal. Charges, £31. 

B0YDE STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Napier; Robert ; area, 25,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £60 ; the recently ap- 
praised rental is £121 13s. 4d. 

BOYD is a county in the pastoral district of Murrumbidgee, containing 920 acres 
of alienated land, and 879,080 acres unalienated. The present boundaries are, how- 
ever, open to modification. 

BOYD RIVER {Co. Gresham) is a considerable stream, formed by the junction 
of the Sara and Guy Fawkes rivers, and flowing by Barney's hill into the Nymboi 
river. It is fed by Henry's river, and Chandler's and. Boyd's creeks. Sandstone and 
shales. 

BOYD'S CREEK ( Co. Gresham) is a small tributary of the Boyd river, falling 
into it near its junction with the Nymboi river. Sandstone. 

BOYONGr STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Bloxham, H. D. ; area, 16,000 

acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32. 

B0Y01TG- STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Bloxham, Harry D. ; area, 
25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Bourke. 
Charges, £30. 

BRACE (or Toxgoxgebel) MOUNT {Co. Phillip) is a lofty detached mountain, 
lying about 2 miles E. of Dabee, on the property of E. Cox. Sandstone. 

BRADLEY'S HEAD (native name Bukroggy) {Co. Cumberland) is a bold 
narrow promontory of high land, standing out more than half a mile from the main, 
land, on the N. shore of Port Jackson, opposite Double bay, and about 2| miles S.W. 
from the entrance of the inner south head. There is a fort erected on the point, and a 
wharf on the W. side. On the E. side is a flat rock, called the table, under which is 
a fine dripping spring of clear cold water. Sandstone. 

BRAIDW00D, 35° 29' S. lat., 149° 48' E. long. {Co. St. Vincent), is an important 
postal township in the parish of Braidwood, and electoral and police districts of 
Braidwood. It is situated on the Jillimatong creek, the Shoalhaven river being 5 
miles distant at the nearest point. There is one steam flour mill in Braidwood, also 3 
tanneries, all in work. The district is both agricultural and pastoral, gold mining, 
chiefly alluvial, being also carried on to a great extent in the neighbourhood. The 
nearest diggings are those at Jembaicumbene, 7 miles S. ; Major's creek, 9 miles 
S.S.W. ; Bell's creek, 10 miles S. ; and Araluen, 18 miles S.S.W. There are also 
diggings at different points on the Shoalhaven river. The whole of the above-named 
places are mining townships or villages ; there are, however, no means of communica- 
tion with them except by travelling on horseback, the mails being carried in that 
manner. The township of Nelligen lies 35 miles E. S. E. , to which place a coach runs 
twice a week, and Goulburn 60 miles N.N. W., to which coaches run every day except 
Sunday. With Sydney, 180 miles N.N.E., the communication is either to Nelligen 
by coach, and thence by steamer, or by coach, via Goulburn, to Picton, and thence by 
rail. Braidwood has a post and money order office, a telegraph office, and a court 
house and gaol. The quarter sessions, petty sessions, and small debts courts for the 
district, are held in Braidwood. There is a good hospital for the relief of the destitute 
sick in the district, a literary society, and a dramatic club ; also a Bible society, a 
Masonic lodge (lodge Truth, No. 881, E.C.), an Oddfellows' lodge (lodge St. Vincent, 
No. 35), and two well conducted newspapers, the Braidivood Dispatch and the Braid- 
wood News ; and branches of the Oriental and Joint Stock Banks, and of the London. 



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and Lancashire Fire and Life, Pacific Fire and Marine Insurance Company, Victoria 
Insurance Company, Sydney Insurance Company, Northern Fire and Life Insurance 
Company, Liverpool and London and Globe Insurance Company, and Australian 
Mutual Provident Society. The hotels are the Doncaster (Mrs. Badgery), Com- 
mercial (W. Darke), Emerald Isle, Diggers' Home, Braidwood, Horse and Jockey, 
Victoria, Eoyal Oak, and National, at the first of which, the Doncaster, is a 
coach office for booking passengers and parcels for both routes to Sydney. The 
surrounding country is undulating, and consists of a fine agricultural district, 
the soil being especially suited to the growth of wheat, although, for the last 
two years, the rust has committed fearful damage on that article of produce. 
Braidwood itself is a flourishing town, doing a good amount of business, it being the 
principal town in the southern gold field district, and supplying the whole of 
the surrounding country with stores. The township is surrounded by alienated 
land, being shut in on two sides by purchased estates, and on the other two by 42,000 
acres of church and school estate. The geological formation is porphyritic granite, 
with trap rock and syenite ; also auriferous quartz and blue slate. Nickel has been 
found in the district. The population numbers about 1000 persons. The quantity of 
gold received by escort from the Braidwood gold fields, during the year 1864, was 
60,521 ozs., which, at £3 17s. lOd. per oz., was of the total value of £235,530 15s. 
During the year 1864 were sold 565 rniners' rights, 42 business licenses, and 2 leases, 
under which latter 200 yards of river bed, and 400 yards of quartz vein, were let. 

The Braidwood electoral district embraces the S.W. portion of the county of St. 
Vincent, and the E. portion of the county of Murray ; and is bounded on the N. by 
the range forming the N. watershed of the Endrick river, to its confluence with the 
Shoalhaven river, by that river, upwards, to the confluence of Boro creek, and by 
that creek to its source at mount Wollowolar ; on the W. , including Long swamp, by 
the Gourock range to mount Tumanwong ; on the S. by the source of JerrabatguUa 
creek, and a line, E., to the confluence of Curranbene creek with the Shoalhaven 
river, and by that river, downwards, to the confluence of Wianbene creek ; thence by 
Wianbene creek to its source, and by a fine to the source of Moodong creek, by 
Moodong creek to the Deua river, and by the Deua river to the confluence of Araluen 
creek ; and on the E. by a line bearing N.E. to the source of Buckenbowra creek, in 
the Budawang range, and by the Budawang range to the range forming the N. water- 
shed of the Endrick river aforesaid. The Braidwood electorate returns one member 
to the legislative assembly, the present representative being J. F. Josepkson, Esq. 
The number of registered electors in this district is 2927, of whom 1311 voted at the 
last general election, 1864-1865. 

The Braidwood police district embraces the S.W. portion of the 
county of St. Vincent, and the E. portion of the county of Murray ; 
and bounded on the north by the range forming the N. watershed of the Endrick 
river, to its confluence with the Shoalhaven river, by that river, upwards, to the con- 
fluence of Boro creek, and by that creek to its source at mount Wollowolar ; on the 
west, including Long swamp, by the Gourock range to mount Tumanwong ; on the 
S. by the source of JerrabatguUa creek, and a line, E. , to the confluence of Curran- 
bene creek with the Shoalhaven river, and by that river, downwards, to the confluence 
of Wianbene creek ; thence by Wianbene creek to its source, and by a line to the 
source of Moodong creek, by Moodong creek to the Deua river, and by the Deua 
river to the confluence of Araluen creek ; and on the E. by a line bearing N.E. to the 
source of Buckenbowra creek, in the Budawang range, and by the Budawang range to 
the range forming the N. watershed of the Endrick river aforesaid. The places of 
petty sessions are Braidwood and Araluen. 

BRAIDWOOD and BROULEE is an incorporated district, in the county of St. 
Vincent, containing 1,661,193 acres. It embraces the greater portion of St. Vincent, 
and the E. portion of the county Murray. It is under the control of a council, consisting 
of 7 members, the warden included. 

BRAMAH CREEK [Co. King) is a W. tributary of the upper part of the Lachlan 
river, rising in the undulating country to the N. E. of Boorowa, and flowing about 8 
miles N.E. It is crossed near its upper end by the road from Cowra to Weeho. 
Metamorphic slate and limestone. 

BEAMINA STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Franklin, Thomas ; 
area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £14. 



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BRANCH CREEK {Co. Brisbane) is a W. tributary, or head, of the Hunter- 
river. Sandstone. 

BRANGEN PARK STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Denne, Richard 
Henry ; area, 17,930 acres, grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £41 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £63. 

BRANGEN PLAIN STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Fletcher, 
John ; area, 44,800 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £80 ; the recently appraised rental, £112. 

BRANXT0N, 32° 39/ S. lat., 151° 25' E. long., {Co. Durham), is a postal town- 
ship and railway station, in the parish of Farnborough, and electoral district of the 
Hunter, and police district of Maitland. It is situated on the Anvil and Black creeks ; 
the Hunter river flowing within 4 miles S. , and the Tangorin mountain standing 7 
miles distant in the same direction. There is one steam flour mill in the town, which 
is in a district principally agricultural ; although a considerable branch of industry is 
that of coal mining, which is in full operation at Anvil creek, the coal obtained at the 
mines there being amongst the best in the colony, and so abundant that it may be had 
at almost any place in the neighbourhood by sinking a moderate depth. The nearest 
places to Branxton are Belford, (or Jump-up), a village lying W. about 4 miles distant, 
and Lochinwar, lying 7 miles E. , both of which places are to be reached by the great 
northern railway or road. With Sydney, 110 miles S.E., the communication is by 
railway to Singleton, and thence by steamer daily. Branxton has a post office and a 
mechanics' institute ; the nearest telegraph station is Singleton, distant 15 miles by 
rail or road. The hotels in and near the township are the Bush, Morning Star, 
Sportsman's Arms, and Travellers' Rest. The roads are under the control of the 
government, but are not in the best state of repair. The surrounding country is 
mountainous, and well cultivated, producing abundance of potatoes, maize, and various 
kinds of fruit ; grass is also plentiful, and affords pasturage for both sheep and cattle. 
The geological formation of the district is carboniferous. The population numbers, 
about 500 persons. 

BRASSIL CREEK {Co. Murray), a small E. tributary of the Murrumbidgee 
river rising in, and draining, the S.E. part of the Yass plains. It is fed by Forest 
and Spring creeks. 

BRASS WATER ( Co. Gloucester) is a noble sheet of water at the head of the 
Myall river, above port Stephens. Sandstone and alluvial drift. 

BRAWLIN STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Dallas, John ; area, 44,800 
acres ; grazing capability, 1600 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Yass. The 
old charges were £100 ; the recently appraised rental is £112 10s. 

BREAD AND BUTTER FLAT CREEK {Co. Roxbugh) is a small tributary of 
the Clear creek, rising in the Limekilns hill, and flowing through the flat plain whence 
it derives its name. Sandstone, limestone, and clay slate. 

BREAD AND BUTTER FLAT {Co. Roxburgh), an auriferous flat forming part 
of the Cheshire creek gold fields, and lying to the S. W. of the Limekilns. Meta- 
morphic slate, limestone, and granite. 

BREAKFAST CREEK {Co. Georgiana) is a small drainage creek, flowing S.W. 
into the scrubby swamp formed by the overflow of the lower part of the Mulgowrie 
creek. 

BREAKFAST CREEK ( Co. Northumberland) is a small N. tributary of the- 
lower end of the Hawkesbury river. Sandstone. 

BREAKFAST CREEK STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Ryan, Michael ; 
area, 33,280 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old charges were, 
£61 17s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental, £85. 

BRED ALB ANE (or Mutt Billy) {Co. Argyle) is a postal township in the 
parish of Breadalbane, electoral district of Argyle, and police district of Goulburn. 
It is situated on the Bredalbane creek, and is bounded on the N. by the Wollondilly 
river, at a distance of 6 miles. The district is agricultural and pastoral, and lies 
within 15 miles of the Currawang copper mines. The nearest places are Goulburn, 14 
miles E. ; Gunning, 16 miles, W. ; and Collector, 9 miles. The method of communi* 



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cation with these places is by mail coach, and with Sydney by the mail coach to 
Picton and thence oy rail, the distance being 146 miles N. The hotels are the Harp 
of Erin, Bredalbane, and Red House, at the latter of which the coach from Goulburn 
to Gunning changes horses daily. The surrounding country is flat and elevated, and 
is generally known as the Bredalbane plains. The population numbers about 400 
persons, and the geological formation is granite, slate, and limestone. 

BREDALBANE PLAINS (Co. Argyle) is a tract of flat and undulating 
country, lying in the W. part of the county, and to the N. of lake George. These 
plains are bounded on the E. and N. by the great dividing range, and on the S. and 
W. by the townships of Collector and Gunning respectively. They consist of 3 sepa- 
rate plains, known as the first, second, and third Bredalbane plains, the first being 
separated from the second by a swamp, and the second from the third by a range of 
low hills. The first and second plains are in the parishes of Bredalbane and Wologo- 
rong, and the third in that of Mutmutbilly. Skirting along the S. edge of these 
plains are many fine lagoons, largely resorted to by waterfowl of various kinds. From 
the frequent onslaughts made upon them they are, however, exceedingly shy. The 
geological formation of the plains is generally metamorphic slate, with limestone and 
alluvial deposit. 

BREDBATOWRA STATION : occupier, Tarlington, W. Duggan ; area, 9600 
acres ; grazing capability, 300 head of cattle. Charges, £150. 

BREDB0 RIVER (Co. Beresford) is an E. tributary of the Murrumbidgee river, 
rising in the W. slope of the Australian Alps to the N. of Bigbadja hill. It flows 
through tolerably well timbered and grassy flats about 25 miles in a W. direction, and 
is fed by the Tinderry, Cowra, and Frog Hole creeks. Granite and trap rock. 

BREDBQ, N., STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Clifford, Patrick; area, 
30,720 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Cooma. 
Charges, £126 5s. 

BREDBO, S., STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Clifford, Patrick ; area, 
15,360 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Cooma. 
Charges, £53 8s. 9d. 

BREEKIN, MOUNT (Co. Durham) is a high hill, lying to the S.E. of Gres- 
ford, at a distance of 4 miles. Sandstone. 

BREELONGr, NEW (Bligh district) ; occupier, Ramsay, David, junr. ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

BREELONGr, OLD, STATION (Bligh district) ; occupiers, Healy and M'Ewan ; 
estimated area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. The old charges were 
£30 ; the recently appraised rental is £30. 

BREEWARRINA (Co. Clyde) is a township reserve and agricultural settle- 
ment on the Darling river, a few miles from the township of Bourke. Pliocene 
tertiary. 

BREW0N STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, White, the Rev. William 
Edward; estimated area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. The 
old charges were £80 ; the recently appraised rental is £200. 

BREEZA, 31° 14' S. lat., 150° 29' E. long. (Co. Buckland), is a postal township 
in the electoral district of Liverpool plains, and police district of Murrurrundi. It is 
situated on the Mooki or Conadilly river, the Breeza mountain lying immediately W., 
and within the township reserve of 9 square miles. The Lagoon mountain (so called 
from the Quipolly lake, on the road to Maitland) is about 4 miles E. , and the Emu 
mountain 20 miles S.E. The district is almost entirely pastoral, there being but little 
agriculture carried on. The nearest places are Murrurrundi, 45 miles S. E. ; Quirindi, 
24 miles S.E. ; Tamworth, 32 miles N.E. ; and Gunnedah, 25 miles N.W. With 
these places the communication is by R. Nowland's passenger coach from Narrabri, 
which meets the mail at the Willow Tree, 12 miles from Murrurundi, on the main 
road to Armidale, on Tuesdays, and leaves on Wednesdays for Narrabri, calling at 
Breeza, Gunnedah, and other places on the road. With Sydney, 255 miles S. E. , the 
communication is by mail coach to Singleton, 115 miles, thence 50 miles by rail to 
Newcastle, and thence by steamer. The nearest court of petty sessions is at Gunne- 
dah, and district court at Tamworth, at which latter place is also the nearest telegraph 
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station. Breeza has a post office and a school of arts. The hotels are the School of 
Arts, and Breeza Inn, at the former of which is a booking office for Rowland's coach. 
The surrounding country for a few miles is a plain, intersected by occasional belts of 
timber, and bounded by the Liverpool range and Collibbee, Lagoon, Piallamy, Oaky 
creek, Black creek, Currububula, and Breeza mountains. The town of Breeza stands 
on the foot of the last named mountain, and on the road to Gunnedah, Gulligal, Nar- 
rabri, Wee Waa, and Walgett, also en route to M Tntyre, Big river, Barwon, Dar- 
ling, and Fort Bourke. The population numbers about 65 persons in the township, 
but the Messrs. Cliff have a head station adjoining the township reserve on the S., 
where a number of men are employed. The geological formation is sandstone and 
shales. 

BREEZA STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Lamb, W. J. J., 
and Clift, George ; estimated area, 48,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1500 head of 
cattle. The nearest post town is Breeza. The old charges were £92 16s. ; the 
recently appraised rental is £167 10s. 

BRENDA {Co. Clarence) is a small postal town in the Clarence river district, 
lying 526 miles N. of Sydney. The communication is by steamer from Grafton. 
The district is an agricultural one, inhabited by small settlers. Sandstone and 
alluvial drift. 

BRENDA STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Adams, Henry ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 Is. 

BRIGAL0W CREEK {Co. White, Liverpool plains district) is a stream flowing 
from the S. through fine rich pastoral country, into the Namoi river, about 5 miles 
N. W. of Narrabri. It is formed by the confluence of the Yanimba and Borah creeks, 
and flows about 50 miles alongside the road from Coonabarabran to Wee Waa, through 
a fertile plain, with excellent grass, and occasional patches of open box forest and 
brigalow scrub. The geological formation is basaltic, with swampy alluvial deposit. 

BRXGAL0W STATION (Owydir district) • occupier, Bartlett, Arthur Charles ; 
area, 20,360 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 2s. 

BRIGALOW STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Brown, John ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Narrabri. Charges, £30 10s. 

BRIGHTON {Co. Cumberland). See Manly. 

BRINBALINGAL STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, O'Sullivan, D. and 
S. ; area, 50,000 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Charges, £51 7s. 6d. 

BRINDABILLA STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Webb, Wm. Fisher ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £25. 

BRINGELLY, 33° 54' S. lat., 150° 22' E. long. (Co. Cumberland), is a postal 
hamlet in the parish of Bringelly, electoral district of the Nepean, and police district 
of Penrith. It is situated at the Bringelly cross roads, on the Great Southern road, 
between Penrith and Camden. The Nepean river flows about 5 miles W. , and South 
creek about 1| mile E. The district is principally agricultural, consisting mainly of 
dairy and cultivation farms, both freehold and leasehold. There is also some fine 
pastoral country in the district. The nearest places are, Cabramatta, 2 miles E., on 
the road to Liverpool ; Luddenham, 5 miles N. , on the road to Penrith ; Greendale, 
6 miles W., on the Greendale estate; Penrith, 18 miles N. ; and Camden, 9 miles 
S. With these places there is communication by horse or dray only, the mail being 
conveyed on horseback. With Sydney, 46 miles N. E. , the comnmnication is by horse 
to Penrith, and thence by rail, or by horse to Liverpool, and thence by rail, the 
distance by the latter route being 48 miles. The nearest hotel is at Luddenham — 
the Thistle (Lawson's), 5 miles distant. The Bringelly post office, blacksmith's shop, 
and pound, were erected by Mr. David Bell, on his estate, then known as the 
Petreat. The surrounding country is undulating, well grassed and timbered, and 
the geological formation is chiefly carbonaceous sandstone. The population is small, 
and scattered over the agricultural farms in the district. 

Bringelly is also a parish in the county of Cumberland, and a hundred in the 
same county, comprising the parishes of Bringelly, Cooke, and Cabramatta. 



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Bringelly is also one of the original districts of the county of Cumberland — - 
"bounded on the S. side by Campbell's creek, and the E. side of Campbell's farm to 
the Bringelly road, and by that road to the South creek ; on the E. by the South, 
creek to Gregory Blaxland's farm ; on the N. by that farm and a continued W. line 
to the Nepean river ; and on the W. by that river. 

BRINGrENBONG STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Hervey and 
■Cockburn ; estimated area, 26,-500 acres; grazing capability, 1200 head of cattle. 
The old charges were £73 15s. ; the recently appraised rental is £72. 

BRINGEREE STATION {Lachlan district) ; Miller, Hon. Henry ; area, 76,000 
.acres ; grazing capability, 1200 head of cattle. Old charges, £73 15s. ; new ap- 
praisements, £280. 

BRISBANE is a county in the N. part of the settled districts of the colony. 
It is bounded on the N.E. by the river Hunter, from its source, in lat. 31° 46', to the 
river Goulburn, and by that river to the Krui river ; on the W. by the Krui river, to 
its source at mount Macarthur, or Mooan, in the Liverpool range ; on the N. W. by 
the ranges Tinagroo and Temi, to the head of the river Hunter, as aforesaid. It is 
about 90 miles long by 40 broad, and comprises 2344 square miles, or 1,500,160 
acres. The district is, for the most part, table-land, with occasional peaks and 
plains, some of the peaks rising to a considerable elevation ; amongst these is mount 
Wingen, better known as the Burning mountain. The elevation of the portion under 
combustion is about 1500 feet above the level of the sea. The population of the 
county numbers about 1400 persons. The number of freehold landholders in this 
county is 212, and of leaseholders 81. The extent of land in cultivation is 3,501f 
acres : — Under wheat there are 20,461 acres ; under maize, 740| acres ; under barley, 
22 acres ; under oats, 19 acres ; and under vine, 46 acres. Live stock 5866 horses, 
29,154 horned cattle, 175,786 sheep, and 1218 pigs. The principal towns are Murru- 
rundi and Scone. 

BRISBANE DOWNS {Co. Beresford). See Monaro Plains. 

BRISBANE VALLEY {Co. Westmoreland) is the name of an alluvial diggings 
lying about 7 miles W. of the township of Oberon. The geological formation is 
hornblendic granite, with basalt, clay slate, and numerous quartz reefs in the neigh- 
bourhood. 

BRISBANE VALLEY CREEK {Co. Westmoreland) is a smaU E. tributary of 
.the Stony creek, flowing along the Brisbane valley. Palaeozioc. 

BRISBANE WATER {Co. Northumberland) is an inlet of the sea, forming a 
fine harbour, and being the N. arm of Broken bay. It is sometimes called the 
Broadwater. It is irregular in shape, and is about 10 miles long and 3 miles wide, 
and has a sandy bar at its entrance, which is narrow. The navigation is impeded by 
several small islands, the principal of which is called Mangrove island. There are two 
large indentations : one on the E. , called Clocides bay, and the other on the W. , 
called Wog-Wog bay. The points are called Nonan and Frederick, the latter at the 
township of Gosford, which stands at the N. extremity of the harbour. Brisbane 
water is fed by the Erina, Narrara, and some other small creeks. The district abounds 
in fine timber, and supplies the Sydney market with large quantities for building 
purposes. Ferruginous sandstone. 

Brisbane water is also the name of a police district embracing the S.E. portion 
of the county of Northumberland, and bounded on the N. by a line from Reid's 
Mistake, at the entrance to lake Macquarie, through lake Macquarie, W., to Dora 
creek, by Dora creek to the Warrawolong range, and by that range dividing the 
waters of Wollombi brook from those of Wyong creek and Mangrove creek to mount 
Simpson on the N. road ; on the W. by that road, S. , to the Hawkesbury river at 
Wiseman's ferry ; on the S. by the Hawkesbury river to Broken bay, and by Broken 
bay to Box head, on the sea ; and on the E. by the sea to Reid's Mistake, aforesaid. 
'The place of petty sessions is Gosford. 

BR0ADMEAD0WS STATION {Clarence district) ; occupier, Hargreaves, 
Richard ; area, 19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. Old charges, 
£61 17s. 6d. ; new appraisements, £75. 

BROADWATER {Co. Clarence) is an expansion of the debouchure of Pringle's 
into the Clarence river, near the towns of Ashby and Maclean. It is in the 



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form of a large lake, and, being studded with islets, gives a picturesque aspect to the 
scenery. Post pliocene tertiary. 

BROADWATER (Co. Gloucester) is an expansion of the Myall river, forming 
the S. portion of the sheet of water known as the Myall lake. Alluvial drift. 

BROADWATER, THE (Co. Northumberland) is a name applied to Brisbane 
water harbour, and also to Clocides bay. 

BROCKLESBY STATION (Murrwmbidgee district); occupiers, Gray, Neil, 
and Aitken ; area, 51,200 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Albury. Old charges, £61 7s. ; new appraisement, £150. 

BR0GAN BACK RUN STATION {Wellington district); occupier, Rawsthorne, 
James ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post 
town is Forbes. Charges, £32 10s. 

BR0GAN (or Bralgan Plains) STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Flood, 
Edward; estimated area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old 
charges were £30 ; the recently appraised rental is £75. 

BR0GDEN MOUNT ( Co. Cooper) is a lofty solitary mountain, lying on the 
Mirool creek in the extensive level plain to the N. of the Murrumbidgee river, in the 
Lachlan district. On June 6th, 1816, being the anniversary of the king's birthday, Mr. 
Cunningham, the explorer, planted some acorns, and some peach and apricot stones, 
and quince seeds. Metamorphic slate. 

BR0G0 RIVER (Co. Auckland) is a fine stream rising in the S. coast range to 
the N.E. of mount Nimmitabel, and flowing S.E. about 30 miles through fine pastoral 
• country, into the Bega river, at the township of Bega. Greenstone diorite, f elstone, 
and felspar porphyry. 

BR0G0 STATION {Monaro district); occupier, McGregor, Alexander ; area, 
5600 acres ; grazing capability, 300 head of cattle. Charges, £38 8s. 9d. 

BROKE (Co. Northumberland). See Fordwich. 

BROKEN BACK RANGE {Co. Northumberland) is a range of rugged and well- 
timbered hills, running E. and W., 16 to 20 miles S.W. of W. Maitland. Ferruginous 
and carbonaceous sandstone. * 

BROKEN BAY, 33° 34' S. lat, 151° 27' E. long. {Cos. Cumberland and Northum- 
berland), is the estuary of the Hawkesbury river, and maybe said to extend inland in 
a W. direction for about 14 miles, or until the debouchure of the Mangrove creek, 
where it, to a certain extent, loses the character of a bay. Broken bay was discovered 
by Captain Cook, and received its name from him on account of the irregular appear- 
ance of its opening. It was afterwards partially explored by Governor Phillip, in 
March, 1788, when Pittwater was first discovered. Broken bay is a fine wide har- 
bour, rendered comparatively useless, however, by a sand bar stretching across its 
mouth. There is a narrow channel, which permits vessels of a moderate draught of 
water to enter, and to take refuge in Pittwater in bad weather, or when wind bound. 
Broken bay proper is much exposed to E.S.E. and N.W. winds. The principal 
indentations in the bay are Pittwater on the S. , Brisbane water on the N. , the South- 
west passage, Little Pittwater, Porto bay, and the mouth of Berowa creek on the S. , 
and the mouths of Patonga, Mullet, Mooney-Mooney, and Mangrove creeks on the N. 
The islands are Mud, Spectacle, Long, Mullet, Flat Rock, and mount Elliott islands, 
and the principal points Green, Fisherman's, Kangaroo, Croppy, West, South, and 
North, the entrance being known as North head on the N. , and Barranjuey point, 
or South head on the S. This bay lies 16 miles to the northward of port Jackson, is 
easily made out when coming from the southward, Barranjuey head, on the S. side of 
the entrance, being a peninsular hill 310 feet in height at the N. extreme of a reddish 
coloured beach, forming the eastern boundary of Pittwater. About 3 miles to the S. 
of Barranjuey head is a remarkable perforated cliff, known as the Hole in the Wall. In 
coming from the N. the entrance is more difficult to make out, cape Three Points — at 
74 miles to the N.E. of Barranjuey head — projecting so far to the E., and the head from 
that direction being on with the high background is not easily distinguished. Be- 
tween cape Three Points and Hawk head, on the N. side of the entrance, are the east 
and west reefs, two .small patches mostly awash, at only a short distance from the 



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land. The entrance of Broken bay is about 2 miles wide, between Barranjuey and 
Hawk beads, botb of which may be approached within half a mile. Elliott isle 
is a small island of moderate height, lying about half a mile to the E. of 
Middle head, equidistant from Barranjuey and Hawk heads. In entering Broken 
bay the depth decreases from 12 to 8 fathoms, as there are shoals, forming a 
bar aeross an inner entrance, between Middle head and the promontory on the 
S. side. A 14 feet patch, the most shallow part of the bar, is about one-third 
of a mile off the S. shore, with Hawk head just shut in by the S.E. extreme 
of Elliott isle ; to avoid it, keep 2 cables length from the S. shore, where the 
depth is not less than 3<j fathoms, observing that as long as Hawk head is open of 
Elliott isle a vessel is to the E. and S. of the patch. Middle bank is a shore nearly a 
mile long, its N.E. end being \ a mile inside the bar, the least depth on it is 15 feet, 
but there are from 4^ to 6 fathoms water around it. Broken bay contains several 
excellent anchorages, particularly Pittwater, on the S. side, close within Barranjuey or 
South head, the entrance to it is, however, contracted by shoal banks, which extend 
from either shore, but from the E. fully two-thirds across. The narrowest point 
is abreast of Observation head or West point, where the navigable channel carrying 
a depth of 3| fathoms, is only a little more than a cable broad, but it immediately 
widens, and deepens to 6, 9, and 11 fathoms. There are several coves in Pittwater, 
where vessels may conveniently lighten and careen. Wood and water may easily be 
obtained in various parts, and fish may be caught in all the sandy bays. The Custom- 
house is situated on the E. entrance of Pittwater, close inside Barranjuey head. The 
S.W. arm is considered the best harbour in Broken bay for large vessels. It is sepa- 
rated from Pittwater by a promontory formed of several rocky points, with steep 
high land over them, and some small sandy bays between. The N.W. arm and 
Hawkesbury river have several inlets of a £ to 4 mile in breadth, extending a consider- 
able distance into the country ; and the Hawkesbury river, which falls into it from 
the W. is navigable for vessels drawing 9 feet of water upwards of 40 miles from its 
mouth. This river, although its banks are of a considerable elevation, is subject to 
violent inundations during heavy rains, which are very destructive to the valleys 
through which it flows. The ebb stream generally runs tolerably strong in it. Bris- 
bane water is a fourth arm of the bay, close within Hawk head, extending N. in 
Brisbane water, which is a sheltered inlet, but shallow, and navigable only for boats 
and small vessels. 

Broken bay is the name of one of the original districts of the county of 
Cumberland, bounded on the S. by Hunter's hill district and the harbour of port 
Jackson ; on the E. and N. by the sea and the harbour of Broken bay ; and on the 
W. by the Oxley district. 

BROKEN BAGHO [Co. Macquarie) is a mountain of considerable elevation, 
lying to the S. E. of the hamlet of Huntingdon, and on the banks of the Hastings 
river, about 16 miles from its mouth. It runs E. and W. for a distance of about 8 
miles, terminating on all sides very abruptly, and presenting a strikingly picturesque 
appearance, particularly at its W. extremity, where it terminates in a bold escarpment, 
quite perpendicular, or even slightly overhanging. It bears decided evidence of 
having been at one time subjected to the action of intense heat, the materials of 
which it is composed being literally cemented together. 

BROKEN PLAINS, THE {Bligh district) ; occupier, Brown, Andrew ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

BROKEN PLAINS STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Neale, John Thomas ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old charges, £30 10s. 6d. ; 
new appraisements, £45. 

. BROKEN POT CREEK {Gwydir district) is a small arm of the Mooni creek, 
draining swampy land to the W. of Burrandon. Palaeozoic with fluviatile deposit. 

BROLGQN CREEK [Co. Ashburnham) is a fine stream flowing S.W. through the 
Brolgon plains into the Goobung creek. Lower silurian with alluvial drift. 

BR00KFIELD ( Co. Durham) is a small 5 postal village in the parish of Walla- 
robba, electoral district of the Williams, and police district of port Stephens. It is 
situated on the Williams river, 3 miles N. W. of the Wallarobba hill, and midway 
between Clarence town and Dungog, with both of which places there is communica- 
tion by mail coach daily, and the latter of which places is the nearest telegraph 



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[Bro 



station. With Sydney, 118 miles S., the communication is by steamer from Clarence 
town. There is one hotel, the Alma, in the village. The surrounding country is 
mountainous, and covered with heavy timber, being chiefly of the sandstone formation. 
The population of the district is about 70 families, mostly settled on small isolated 
farms. 

BR00K0NG STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Osborne Brothers ; 
area, 303,600 acres ; grazing capability, 17,000 head of cattle and sheep. The old 
charges were £170 ; the recently appraised rental is £600. 

BROOK'S CREEK ( Co. Murray) is a small auriferous tributary of Shinglehouse 
creek, rising in the rugged country on the W. of lake George. Metamorphic slate 
and granite. There is a payable diggings on this creek, lying 24 miles N. of Ginnindera. 

BROOKE'S (or Buchanan's) FLAT (Co. Northumberland) is an agricultural 
settlement, lying about 7 miles E. of E. Maitland. 

BROOK STATION [Clarence district) ; occupier, Yabsley, William ; area, 9600 
acres ; grazing capability, 300 head of cattle. Charges, £31 5s. 

BROTHERS, THE (Co. Bathurst), two small hills on the road to Ophir, about- 
6 miles S. E. of the latter place. Granite. 

BROTHERS, THE ( Co. Beresford), are three lofty and conspicuous mountains 
in the Monaro range, lying at the head of the Cooma Back creek, in the undulating 
plain country to the S. of Cooma, of which township the Brothers are about 8 miles 
S. They are partially covered with dwarf eucalyptus scrub. The geological formation 
is calcareous trap rock, with tufaceous deposit, producing a recent conglomorate, in 
which an impure lime cements fragments of quartz and trap. In the vicinity of 
Cooroo, the most N. of these peaks at Jillimatong creek, the Rev. W. B. Clarke found 
wood only partially mineralized, and in that peak fine examples of columnar basalt. 

BROTHERS CREEK (Co. Beresford), a small W. tributary of the Cooma creek, 
within the town boundary of Cooma. 

BROTHERS LAKE (Co.* Beresford) is a large waterhole, lying in the hilly 
country to the S.W. of the Brothers mountains. It is supposed to be caused by springs 
from underneath the trap rock of the locality. 

BROUGHTON (Co. Cumberland) is a small surveyed village in the parish of 
Petersham, and electoral district of Canterbury. It is situated on the E. side of Long 
cove, between the Garry o wen and Austenham estates, and on the Balmain road, about 
6 miles W. of Sydney and 1 mile N. of Petersham, the nearest railway station. The 
district is rapidly becoming a favorite place of residence, suburban to Sydney. 
Sandstone. 

BROUGHTON ISLES ( Co. Gloucester) are a cluster of islands lying off the coast. 
The southern extremity of these isles bears about N. E. 7 miles from Yacaba head over- 
Cabbage tree island; the largest is about 4 miles in circumference, and there is, no doubt, 
good anchorage between the north side of it and the main; but as nothing is yet publicly 
known of the nature of the bottom, no directions can be given. It is, however, to 
be hoped that the elaborate survey of the E. coast, now in progress, by Captain 
Sidney and Mr. Hixson, R.N., may be extended southward to these islets, now so 
very imperfectly known. 

BROUGHTON'S CREEK, 34° 42' S. lat., 150° 45' E. long. (Co. Camden), is a 
postal village in the electoral and police district of Shoalhaven. It is situated on the 
Broughton's creek, the Shoalhaven river being about 6 miles due S., and numerous 
small creeks flowing S.E. down the many ravines and gullies in the mountains into- 
Broughton's creek. The locality is mountainous : Coolangatta, 1000 feet high, being 
5 miles S.E. ; Gooddog, 1200 feet high, 6 miles S.W. ; and Curry's mountain, Tomlin's 
mountain, and Saddleback, all lying W. and N. , and forming part of the coast range,, 
which attains a height of 1200 feet in several places in the vicinity. The district is an 
agricultural and pastoral one, and in the fiats large quantities of wheat, potatoes, and 
maize being universally cultivated and growing in profuse abundance ; as, however, 
the many homesteads, which are thickly planted along the face of the mountains 
and gullies and throughout the numerous and fertile valleys, become cleared, its 
future must be chiefly in dairy farming, and in a 'few years it will, doubtless, hold an 
important place amongst the dairy districts of the coast. There are no mining opera- 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 87 



tions carried on at present, but both coal and copper are to be found along the face of 
the mountains abundantly, and as population, the means of transport and capital 
increase, must form the source of great wealth, and open up a new industry in the 
locality. There are no mills or manufactories in Broughton's creek, except the remains 
of an old saw mill, which was once actively employed in cutting timber for the pro- 
prietor of the property upon which it stands ; it was driven by water from the creek 
by a mill race about 300 feet in length. There is also a tannery and two stores, with 
saddler's and shoemaker's shop, smith's forge, &c. The nearest places are Gerringong, 
on the road from Kiama, about 9 miles N.E. ; Nowra, about 11 miles S.W. ; and 
Numba, about 15 miles S.W. There are no means of communication with these places, 
except by horse or dray, or with the two latter by the creek, navigable 16 miles to the 
Shoalhaven river, and thence by that river up or down. The roads in the neighbour- 
hood are laid out, but are imperfectly formed, and, particularly in wet weather, in 
very bad condition. With Sydney, 107 miles N., the communication is from Green- 
well point, near the mouth of the Shoalhaven river, by the A. S. N. Co. 's steamers 
every Monday and Thursday. Broughton's creek has a non-vested national school- 
house, a fine roomy weatherboard building, which is also used as a preaching house 
for all denominations of Protestants ; a small Roman Catholic church is in course of 
erection. There is a mutual improvement society in the village, which holds monthly 
meetings. There is 1 hotel, the Broughton's Creek, lately erected. Broughton's creek, 
being situated at the base of the mountains, at a distance of about 6 miles in a straight 
line from the Shoalhaven river, the whole of the country on the N.W. and N.E. is 
very rugged and precipitous, being chiefly of a dark trap rock formation. That part 
of the country lying on the S., S.E., and S.W. is very flat, and forms the valley of the 
Shoalhaven river. The flats are, in many places, extremely swampy, and wherever 
the exception is, are cultivated. The mountains are thickly wooded with fine heavy 
timber and dense scrub, up to their very summits. Broughton's creek is admitted by 
all who visit it to be one of the prettiest spots on the coast, being situated on a 
beautifully formed ridge rising boldly but gracefully up from the bed of two fine fresh 
water streams, and being in the character of its scenery much like an English country 
village. The country round is being fast populated, and, ere long, the village must 
necessarily become a place of considerable importance. The population numbers 
about 300 persons. The geological formation is of metamorphic slate, granite, and trap 
rock. 

BROUGHTON'S CREEK {Co. Camden) is a small N. tributary of the mouth of 
the Shoalhaven river, rising in the Cambewarra range, and flowing in a S.W. direction, 
for about 10 miles, through good cultivation land, much of which is taken up by 
settlers. This creek was named after Mr. Broughton, an early settler, who discovered 
it. Trap rock, metamorphic slate, and sandstone. 

BR0NG0NG CREEK {Co. Urana, Murrumbidgee district) is a creek tributary 
to the Urana creek, rising in mount Galore, and flowing nearly in a line with the 
Deniliquin and Wagga Wagga road, in a S. direction, about 14 miles. It flows 
through flat, swampy, pastoral country. Pliocene tertiary. 

BR0ULA STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Hood, William ; area, 7680 
acres ; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. The old charges were £28 15s. ; the 
recently appraised rental is £40. 

BR0ULEE {Co. St. Vincent) is a small agricultural township lying a few miles 
N. of the Moruya. It is celebrated for the excellence of the potatoes grown there. 

Broulee is also the name of the police district, embracing the S. E. portion of the 
county of St. Vincent and the N.E. portion of the Monaro pastoral district ; and 
bounded on the N. , from the sea, about two miles south of point Upright, by the Duras 
water, to the range dividing the Clyde river and coast waters, and by that range, N., 
and the Pigeon-house range, to the range dividing the Shoalhaven and coast waters, 
and thence by that range to the Budawang range ; on the W. by the Budawang range 
to the source of the Buckenbowra creek, thence by a line bearing S.W. to the conflu- 
ence of Araluen creek with the Deua river, and by that river, upwards, to the con- 
fluence of Moodong creek, thence by that creek to its source, by a line to the source of 
Wianbene creek, and by Wiambene creek to the Shoalhaven river, by that river, 
upwards, to the confluence of Curranbene creek, thence by a line W. , to Jerrabatgulla 
creek, and by that creek to its source near mount Tumanwong, and thence by the 
great dividing range ; on the S. by the range dividing the waters of the Bega and 



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[Bro — Bry 



Brogo rivers from those of the Dry and Bermaguee rivers, to the sea, near the mouth 
of the Bega river ; and on the E. by the sea to the Duras waters, aforesaid. The 
places of petty sessions are — Moruya, Nelligen, and Nerrigundah. 

BROWNE MOUNT {Albert district), a peak of the Grey range, which see. 

BROWNLOW HILL (Co. Camden) is a small postal agricultural hamlet in the 
parish of the same name, electoral district of Camden, and police district of Narellan. 
It is situated on the Cowpasture river, near the junction of mount Hunter creek, 45 
miles S. from Sydney, 5 miles N.W. from Camden, and 8 miles N.E. of the Oaks. It 
is the centre of an agricultural district, with a scattered farming population. There 
are no regular means of communication with the surrounding places, the method of 
reaching Sydney being via Camden. There is a post office and a chapel of ease (Church 
of England) in the hamlet. The surrounding country is elevated, the soil is good, and 
the sides of the hills well suited for agricultural purposes. The geological formation 
is chiefly ferruginous sandstone. 

BROWN'S CREEK (Co. Bathurst) is a small tributary of Perrier's creek, rising 
in the parish of Colville, and flowing N. through Allen and Alexander's land, in the 
parish of Byng. Sandstone and schist. 

Also a small tributary or head of the Queen Charlotte Vale creek. It flows in 
the parish of Bringellet, through Captain Brown's 1920 acres, whence its name. It is 
fed by the Back creek. Palaeozoic. 

. BROWN'S SPRINGS STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Petrie, 
Keith ; estimated area, 30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. The old 
charges were £24 8s. ; the recently appraised rental is £50. 

BR0W0RANA STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Faithful, W. P. ; 
area, 30,500 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £80 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £187 10s. 

BRUCE'S PLAINS, No. 1 STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Bruce, J. V. 
A. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £33. 

BRUCE'S PLAINS, No. 2 STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Bruce, J. V. 
A. ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £33. 

BRUCE'S PLAINS, No. 3 STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Bruce, J. V. 
A. ; area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £33. 

BRUG0L0NG CREEK (Co. Welksley) is a small N. tributary of the Bombala 
river, flowing past mount Bibbenluke. Trap rock. 

BRUMAGrEM CREEK (Co. Gordon) is a small S. tributary of the Macquarie 
river, falling into it about 16 miles W. of Dubbo. Metamorphic slate and shale. 

BRUNBAH STATION (Lacldan district) ; occupier, Wellman, John C. ; area, 
46,080 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The old charges were £60 ; the recently 
appraised rental, £75. 

BRUNGLE CREEK ( Co. Buccleugh) is a small E. tributary of the Tumut 
river, rising in the Wyangle hill, and flowing N.W. about 12 miles past Kiley's hill. 
It is crossed near its mouth by the road from Coolac to Tumut. Its upper end is 
amidst rugged hilly country, and its lower waters much cultivated ground, cut up 
into small farms, and held by D. French, J. Bray, and numerous others. The upper 
end of this creek is called Reedy creek, and it is fed by Bough Yard creek. 

BRUNGLE STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Bray, John ; area, 
13,440 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £75. 

BRUNSWICK RIVER (Co. Rous) is a small stream, with a shifting sandy bed, 
falling into the sea about 6 miles N. of point Danger. Sandy drift. 

BRUSH ISLAND ( Co. St. Vincent) is a small rocky islet, lying to the N. of 
Kiola point, about a mile from the land. Sandstone. 

BRYMEDURA and MANULDRA STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, 
Towns, Stewart, and Forlonge ; estimated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 
4000 sheep. The old charges were £181 8s. 2d. ; the recently appraised rental 
is £250. 



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89 



BUBBAH-BUBBAH SWAMP (Co. Northumberland) is a tract of flat swampy 
ground, lying near Stingaree point, at the fall of the Dora creek into lake Macquarie. 
Sandstone and nuviatile deposit. 

BUAJARRIBONG STATION [Wellington district) ■ occupier, Forlonge, W. ; 
estimated area, 25,600 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £60 ; the recently appraised rental is £140. 

BUBBERM0RE CREEK (Warrego district) is a small tributary of the Birie 
river, flowing into it near the junction of that and the Culgoa river. Pliocene tertiary. 

BUBBOGrULLIAN STATION, N. [Liverpool plains district) • occupier, Pringle, 
Robert ; area, 40,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £10 ; new 
appraisement, £130. 

BUBB0GULLIAN STATION, S. (Liverpool plains district) • occupier, Pringle, 
Robert ; area, 40,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £145. 

BUBURBA CREEK (Co. Argyle) is a small tributary of the Waidellama creek. 
Limestone. 

BUCCAN PLAINS (Co. Narromlne) is a small tract of open pastoral country, 
lying on the Macquarie river, about 40 miles N.W. of Dubbo. It is watered by the 
Budd lake. Alluvial. 

BUCCLEUGrH is a county in the pastoral district of Murrurubidgee. It contains 
the following parishes, viz. : on the W. side of the county, Darbalara, Wagara, 
Brungle, Wyangle, Killimicat, Mundongo, Blowering, Bogong, Talbiugo ; the N., S., 
and E. portions of the county consist mostly of inaccessible country. It contains 
23,111 acres of alienated land, and 728,467 acres unalienated. Its present boundaries, 
however, are open to modification. The geological formation of this county is chiefly 
granitic schistose and quartziferous rocks, with porphyries and some trap, which 
latter have left evidences of transmuting agency of a later period than the intrusion 
of the granites amidst the slates, flags, and limestones of the silurian epoch. 

BUCHANAN [Co. Northumberland). See Brooke's Flat. 

BUCHENDERRA CREEK {Co. Wallace). See Frying Pax Creek. 

BTTCKAHINGA STATION (Murrumbldgee district) ; occupier, Osborne, J. and 
H. ; area, 41,400 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£58 ; the recently appraised rental, £80. 

BUCKENBONGr and JILLINGBAH STATION {Murrumbldgee district) ; occu- 
piers, Jenkins, John and Francis ; area, 83, 200 acres ; grazing capability, 1400 head of 
cattle. The old charges were £130 ; the recently appraised rental is £135. 

BUCKENB0WRA CREEK ( Co. St, Vincent) is a stream rising near the town- 
ship of Bolaro, and flowing in a general E. direction into Bateman's bay. It is fed by 
the Quart Pot creek. Trap and metamorphic slate. 

BUCKENDERRY STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, O'Neill, Patrick ; 
area, 4000 acres, grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

BUCKENDERRY STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Mould, J. Younge ; 
area, 10,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £40. 

BUCKER, No. 1 STATION [Bllgh district) ; occupier, McLean, J. ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32. 

BUCKER, No. 2 STATION [Bllgh district) ■ occupier, Neale, John Thos. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32. 

BUCKINBAR CREEK {Co. Gordon) is an E. tributary of the Little river. 
Metamorphic slate. 

BUCKINBAN STATION (Wellington district); occupiers, Paterson, John and 
A. B. ; area, 45, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The old charges were 
£63 15s. ; the recently appraised rental is £85. 

BUCKINGNY STATION (Wellington district) ; occupier, McPhail, Donald ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £32. 

BUCKLAND is a county in the pastoral district of Liverpool plains. It 



90 



The Xew South Wales Gazetteer. [Buc — Bug 



contains 261,983 acres of alienated land, and 793,917 acres of unalienated. The 
present boundary is, however, open to modification. Buckland has the following 
parishes, which are all situated on the N. , with the exception of the latter, which is 
situated on the E : N. parishes — Carroll, Mooki, Burrabubula ; E. parish, Walla- 
badah ; the parishes in the remaining parts being yet unnamed. 

BUCKLEBOW STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Hill, Thomas H. ; area, 
12,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 5s. 

BUCKLENBAA STATION (Bligh district) ; occupiers, White, J., H., H., and 
C. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £67 
10s. ; the recently appraised rental is £90. 

BUCKLEY'S (or Barnes') CROSSING PLACE, 36° 28' S. lat., 148° 53' E. long. 
(Co. Wallace), is a postal hamlet in the parish of Bobundara, electoral district of 
Monaro, and police district of Cooma. It is situated on the Snowy river, near the 
junction of the Wullwye and Barnes' creeks. It is the only crossing over the Snowy 
river for several miles, and takes its name from its discoverer, a man named Buckley. 
It lies on the road from Cooma to Gipps land. There are no mills or manufactories ; 
there is, however, a blacksmith's shop and an inn (the Horse and Jockey), a stona 
post-office, and a punt at the crossing on the E. side of the river. The district is 
partly agricultural, but mostly pastoral. There are alluvial diggings (unproclaimed) 
at Crackemback, 14 miles N.W. The nearest township is Cooma, 30 miles N., with 
which the communication is by horse only ; that with Sydney, 323 miles N.E. being- 
by coach from Cooma via Goulburn to Picton, and thence by rail. The surrounding 
country is undulating, well grassed and watered, lightly timbered, aud admirably 
adapted for pastoral purposes. Agriculture is carried on on a small scale, but the 
climate is too severe for good crops. There are several sheep stations scattered over 
the downs (Monaro plains), and some fine stone buildings on them. The population 
numbers 23 persons, or, including the stations in the neighbourhood, about 100 in all. 
The geological formation is metamorphic slate, granite, and syenitic trap rock. 

BUD A WANG (or Currocbilly) RANGE (Co. St. Vincent) is a chain of elevated 
peaks, connected by lofty scrubby hills, extending in a general N. and S. direction 
from about the 35th to about the 36th parallel. It lies, therefore, opposite the 
Gourock range, rivalling it in elevation and ruggedness. The most prominent elevation 
is mount Budawang, which attains a height 3800 feet above the level of the sea. 
Other lofty peaks in the range are Currocbilly, the Pigeon house, Womballaway, and 
Talaterang. The geological formation is generally grey granite, succeeded by schist 
and quartzites, which pass into roofing slates in some localities ; gold is also present, 
due to the presence of hornblende. 

BUDDA STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Suttor, H. W. ; area, 32,000' 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31. 

BUD JONG CREEK {Co. Argyle) is a small tributary of the upper part of the 
Windellama creek. It is fed by the Madjigomar creek. Sandstone. 

BUDD LAKE ( Co. Narromine) is a small lagoon formed by the expansion of a 
W. arm of the Macquarie river. It lies about 20 miles N.W. of Narromine. Alluvial. 

BUDDXG0WER STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Horsley and Whit- 
taker ; area, 40,960 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Charges, £32. 

BUDGE0NG STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Neale, John Thomas ; area„ 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 sheep. Old charges, £52 10s. ; new appraise- 
ment, £110. 

BUDGINNIGI MOUNT (Co. Goulburn) is a detached hiU, lying in the parish of 
Yambla, about 10 miles N. of the township of Albury. Schist and granite. 

BUDY CREEK (Co. Wellington) is a small tributary, of the Waurdong creek, in 
the Louisa creek gold field. Metamorphic. 

BUERAMUNDA TROY STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Croaker, J. 
W. andP.H. ; area, 15,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges 
were £60 ; the recently appraised rental is £60. 

BUGGANBIL MOUNT (Co. Bo ur fee) is a solitary hill, lying on the vast plain 
between the Lachlan and Murrumbidgee rivers. 



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BUGGABADDA UPPER STATION {BUgh district) ; occupier, Bather, George; 
area, 24,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

BUGGABUDDA UPPER, STATION, No. 2 {BUgh district) ; occupier, Brockle- 
hurst, W. W. ; area, 24,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges 
were £30 ; new appraisement, £50. 

BUGABADA STATION ( Wellington district) ; oocupier, Corse, J. W. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4,000 sheep. Charges, £20 10s. 

BUGABUDA UPPEPv STATION {Wellington district); occupier, unknown; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. Charges, uncertain. 

BUGILB0NE STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Campbell and 
Hay ; estimated area, 32,000 acres, grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £200. 

BUGGILL STATION {BUgh district) ; occupier, Lawson, Nelson ; estimated 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £70; 
the recently appraised rental is £100. 

BUGGILL, W., STATION {BUgh district); occupier, Jones, J. P. ; area, 7000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old charges, £30 10s. ; new appraise- 
ments, £30. 

BTJG0BILLAH STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupier, Brown, John ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1200 head of cattle. The old charges were £60 ; 
the recently appraised rental, £115. 

BUKHARAH UPPER STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Lord, George ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £38. 

BUCKEL0NG STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Boucher, John ; area, 
14,080 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Charges, £87 10s. 

BUKULLA STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Wyndham, George ; 
estimated area, 100,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. This station is cele- 
brated for the excellent wine produced from the grapes grown upon it. The old 
charges were £351 17s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is .£200. 

BULABULA STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Scott, James ; area, 
44,800 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £48. 

BULBARARING LAKE {Co. Northumberland) is a small lagoon or inlet of 
the sea, about a mile square, and having a small sandbank or island in its centre. 
The N. part of the lake is called Moore's lagoon. It lies about 2 miles E. of 
Kincumber. Raised sand. 

BULBU0GERA STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Forlonge, W. ; 
estimated area, 51,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The old charges were 
£60 ; the recently appraised rental is £140. 

BULEAWAY MOUNT {Co. Leichardt) is a lofty peak of the Warrabungle 
range. Granite. 

BULE0RI STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Hangar, Henry ;. 
estimated area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £60 ; the recently appraised rental is £200. 

BULGAH STATION {BUgh district) ; occupier, Blackman, W. R,; area, 24,000^ 
acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. Charges, £15. 

BULGARBUGERYGARA STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Tyson, 
Peter ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Booligal. Charges, £30 10s. 

BULGAR CREEK {Co. Murray) is a small E. tributary of the upper Murrum- 
bidgee river, flowing W. about 7 miles through undulating pastoral country. Granite 
and metamorphic slate. 

BULGAR CREEK STATION {Monaro district) ; occupiers, King and Hay- 
wood ; area, 9920 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Charges, £63 2s. 6d. 

BULGARIA STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, McDonald, Robert ;. 



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estimated area, 44,800 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £50. 

BULGEORI STATION, N. (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Hangar, Grace; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

BULGEORI STATION, S., No. 1 [Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Hangar, 
Henry ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £37. 

BULGE0IRE STATION, S., No. 2 (Liverpool plains distrkt) ; occupier, Hangar, 
Henry ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £37. 

BULGERAGA STATION (Bligh district) • occupiers, Cornish and Cruikshank ; 
area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £35. 

BULGOGAR STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Eundle, J. B. ; area, 12,000 

acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

BULGUNDRAMINE STATION (Wellington district); occupier, Gilmore, 
John; area, 54,200 acres; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £61 17s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £120. 

BULGUNDRIE STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, uncertain ; 
estimated area, 27,400 acres ; grazing capability, uncertain. The old charges were 
£60 ; the recently appraised rental is £105. 

BULLABALKTT MOUNT (Co. White) is a mountain in the district of Liver- 
pool plains, near the Namoi river, in lat. 30° 38' 21" S., and long. 149° 30 7 20'' E. 
It consists partly of granular felspar, tinged greenish with chlorite, and partly of 
eoncretionary porphyry, the concretions being mottled red and white, and containing 
grains of quartz and crystals of common felspar ; also amethystine quartz. 

BULLAH DELAH (postal name Myall River), 32° 28' S. lat., 152° 14' E. 
long. (Co. Gloucester), is a postal village in the parish of Bullah Delah, electoral 
district of the Williams, and police district of Port Stephens. It is situated on the 
left bank of the Myall river, 22 miles E. from Stroud, and 151 miles N. from Sydney, 
near the Crawford river. The Bullah Delah mountain is situated about three-quarters 
of a mile E., and the Myall lakes 6 miles W., by bush track. The district is an 
agricultural one, farming pursuits being extensively carried on on the alluvial river 
flats ; the principal trade is, however, in timber, large quantities being sent to the 
Sydney market. There is a steam saw mill at Booloombago, on the banks of the 
Myall lakes, distant 6 miles. The nearest township is Stroud, 22 miles distant, W., 
ihe communication being by bush track only. With Sydney, 151 miles S., the com- 
munication is by coach from Stroud to Raymond Terrace, and thence by steamer. 
There are at present no hotels in the township, although two licensed inns are 
expected to be opened very shortly, if they are not already so by the time of the pub- 
lication of this work. The district is mountainous, and heavily wooded with valuable 
timber of all kinds. The geological formation is principally carbonaceous and ferru- 
ginous sandstone and outcropping granite. The population of the village and neigh- 
bourhood numbers about 430 persons ; that of the entire lake district about 660 
persons. 

BULLAH DELAH MOUNT (Co. Gloucester) is a hill overhanging the township 
of Bullah Delah, on the W. side. Carboniferous and ferruginous sandstone, with 
outcropping granite. 

BULLAMALITA CREEK (Co. Argyle) is a small S. tributary of the Wollon- 

dilly river, flowing in a N. direction into the main stream, about 3 miles S.W. of the 
township of Goulburn. Granite, metamorj)hic slate, and limestone. 

BULLAMONG, BACK A. (Darling district) ; occupier, Ray, William ; area, 
56,320 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

BULLAMONG, BACK D. (Darling district) ; occupier, Ray, William ; area, 
63,360 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £27. 

BULLAMONG, OUTER BACK (Darling district) ; occupier, Scott, James ; 
area, 44,800 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £70. 

BULLANAMING is the name of one of the old districts of the county of 
€umberland, bounded on the N. by the Sydney and Parramatta road, from Iron 



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Cove creek to Blackwattle swamp bridge ; on the E. side by a S. line to Botany bay ; 
on the S. side by Cook's river ; on the W. by Liberty plains districts. 

BULLANAMING STATION {Moiiaro district) ; occupier, Cosgrove, John ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £150. 

BULLANE STATION [Gwydir district) ; occupier, HaU, George; area, 13,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old charges were £50 ; the recently 
appraised rental is £90. 

BULLATALE CREEK {Co. Cade?!, Murrumbidgee district) is a small creek 
flowing into the Edward river near its junction with the Tuppal creek, and about 3 
miles S.E. of Deniliquin. Pliocene tertiary. 

BULLENB0NG STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Davidson, 
Alexander ; area, 23,040 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £81 5s. 

BULLENBUNG CREEK {Co. Mitchell, Murrumbidgee district) is a S. tributary 
of the Murrumbidgee river, rising in the Doodle swamp, and flowing X. about 45 
miles, through low, flat, grassy country, timbered with honeysuckle and box. It is 
fed by the Yerong creek, and is crossed by the telegraph line from Wagga Wagga to 
Deniliquin, near the junction of that creek with the main stream. Pliocene tertiary. 

BULLENGARA {Co. Macquarie) is a high solitary peak lying on the S. bank 
of Wilson's river, and to the S. of Rolland's plains, about 16 miles N.W. of Port 
Macquarie. Lower palaeozoic. 

BULLEBAWA STATION [Gwydir district) ; occupier, Napier, Robert ; area, 
12,800 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £34. 

BULLEBAWA STATION {Liverpool plains district) • occupier, Rundle, J. B. ; 
estimated area, 7680 acres ; grazing capability, 610 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £18. 

BULLER is a county in the pastoral district of Clarence, containing 1385 acres 
of alienated land, and 894,614 acres unalienated. Its present boundaries, however, 
are open to modification. 

BULLEWA (or Goor's Creek) {Co. Jamieson, Liverpool plains district) is a 
stream rising in mount Lindesay, in the Nundawar range, and flowing S. through rich 
alluvial flats, finely grassed, and forming splendid pastoral country. There are occa- 
sional clumps of timber, gum, and honeysuckle, with a few belts of brigalow scrub. 
The Bullewa is fed by the Eula creek ; it falls into the Namoi river about 8 miles 
S.E. of Narrabri. The geological formation is basaltic, with deep black alluvial 
mould overlying the rock. 

BUL LI {Co. Camden) is a small hamlet on the coast road from Wollongong to 
Sydney ; lying about 8 miles N. of the former place. It is noted as a coal mining 
hamlet, and for the carbonaceous sandstone hill known as Bulli mountain, in which a 
seam of anthracite coal has recently been discovered by Mr. Mackenzie, the govern- 
ment exa min er of mines for the district. 

BULLIMBALLA, MOUNT {Co. Inglis). See Duxglemah Mouxt. 

BULLIMBAL0NG STATION {Monaro district) ■ occupier, Jardine, William ; 
area, 12, 160 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. Charges, £50. 

BULLOCK CREEK (Co. Gresham) is a smaU S. tributary of the Aberfoyle 
river. Sandstone. 

BULLOCK CREEK {Co. Kenned;/, Wellington district) is a small W. tributary 
of the Bogan river, rising in flat sandy plains, and flowing N. E. a few miles. Pliocene 
tertiary. 

BULLOCK CREEK {Co. Monteagle) is a small E. tributary of the upper part of 
the Burrangong creek. Lower silurian, with alluvial beds along the course of the 
creek. 

BULLOCK CREEK STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Smith, J. S. ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£34 ; the recently appraised rental is £30. 



94 Tlie New South Wales Gazetteer. 



BULLOCK'S FALLS {Co. Clarence). See Rocky Falls. 

BULLOCK HILL {Co. Harden) is a rocky Hill, lying in a small group in the 
parish of Illalong, and about 3 \ miles S.E. of the township of Binalong. The geologi- 
cal formation is of granite and limestone. 

BULLOCK ISLAND {Co. Northu-mberland) is a large island, lying on the S. side 
of the Hunter river, about a mile above the town of Newcastle, and separated from 
the main land by a narrow channel, called Throsby"s creek. On the N.W. point of 
this island is the quarantine ground for the port of Newcastle. Raised sand. 

BULLOWKEENA STATION [Albert district) ; occupier, Crozier, Jno. ; area, 
2S.S00 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32 15s. 

BULL'S CAMP {Co. Cook) is a postal village situated in the electoral and 
police districts of epean, on the great AY. road from Sydney to Bathurst, 50 miles 
W. from the former, and 72 miles E. from the latter place. Bull's camp derives its 
name from Captain Bull having had his principal camp and residence there whilst in 
charge of a large convict gang, making the road over the Blue mountains to Bathurst. 
The railway contractors, Messrs. Duxbury and Kerr, have a depot in this place, 
where the cuttings and embankments being made by them on the great W. line, are 
of great magnitude, and the curves and gradients are unparalleled on any other por- 
tion of the railway. From a report kindly furnished to the editor of this work by the 
above-named gentlemen, it appears that their contract, No. 2, great W. railway (the 
one on which they are at present engaged) commences at 32 miles 30 chains W. of the 
Parramatta junction of the S. and W. railway. Their heaviest cutting has been 60 
feet deep, and 32,000 cubic yards of earth and rock has been excavated therefrom. 
Another cutting of 50 feet deep, contained 2S,000 cubic yards of excavation, and both 
cuttings had to be taken into one bank, which, when completed, will contain 75,000 
cubic yards. Another bank contains 50, 000 yards ; headings have had to be driven 
in two places of the cuttings to carry the Bathurst road ; and at two other points, 
where the road crosses the line, bridges have had to be constructed, so as not to im- 
pede the traffic. The heaviest gradients are 2 feet rise in a chain (66 feet), or 1 in 33; 
and the quickest curves are S chains radius ; these, in some places, rising 2 feet per 
chain at the same time, which will be exceedingly difficult to work, except with en- 
gines of extraordinary power. The specified time for the completion of the contract 
was originally IS months from the commencement, but that time has been exceeded 
by 16 months already, the excess of time not being so much in consequence of the 
quantity of excavation, as it is from Messrs. Duxbury and Kerr having to take the 
large cuttings through each other, and only being able to employ a limited number of 
men at once in these deep and narrow cuttings, so that all that can possibly be taken 
out of them is 2000 cubic yards per month on an average ; and as from three'of them 
there have been taken through each other, 63,000 yards have been excavated, the 
labour of 31 months is necessarily involved. They, however, hope to complete their 
contract in about 2 months more. The nearest towns to Bull's camp are, Emu, 14 
miles E., and Hartley, 26 miles N.W., to both of which places, and also to Bathurst 
and Penrith, coaches run daily. With Sydney, the communication is by railway to 
Penrith, trains running twice a day, and thence by coach. The railway will, however, 
shortly be completed for the entire distance. The road from Emu (14 miles E. ) com- 
mences' to rise rapidly up Lapstone hill (which for above 300 feet above Emu is of 
alluvial formation, or what miners would term "made hill," being composed of gravel, 
quartz, and boulders of the peculiar stone whence it derives its name) it winds its 
steep way up the mountain, through a gorge, and was cut with great difficulty by 
convict labour, until the top is reached about 800 feet above the valley below. It is 
intended to have a railway station at this point, where a most commodious hotel, 
"VTascoe's, is situated. The road continues to rise through a rugged part of the Blue 
mountain range, until it arrives at mount Victoria, overlooking the vale of Hartley. 
There are inns about every 4 miles along the road ; those in the neighbourhood of Bull's 
camp are Bass's, a favourite and commodious house, near which it is intended to con- 
struct a railway station, the Alexandra, Springwood, and the Valley. There is a 
police station at Bull's camp, the nearest court of petty sessions and district court 
being at Penrith. The village is situated at an altitude of about 2000 feet above the 
level of the sea ; the population numbers about 300 persons, half of whom are, how- 
ever, employed on the railway works, and are consequently migratory. The climate 
is usually cold, bracing, and healthy. At a distance of about 6 miles to the W., at a 



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place known as King's table land,#are the Falls on the Weatherboard creek, justly- 
celebrated for the rugged picturesqueness of their scenery ; the altitude of the upper 
portion of the fall above sea level is 3000 feet, the valley or chasm into which the 
water or rather spray falls, is about 3 or 4 miles in width, and from 800 to 1000 feet 
in depth, and the entire view is one of the most wild and magnificent grandeur. The 
country is entirely mountainous, and intersected by impassable gullies, for the most 
part thickly timbered, varieties being with iron and stringy bark, and almost all vari- 
eties of eucalyptus and casuarina ; the botanical varieties are numerous and interesting, 
and most of the gullies, where they can be got at, are well grassed and watered, and 
exceedingly picturesque and beautiful. The geological formation is generally of red 
sandstone, broken up into vast masses of the most irregular and fantastic form. 

BULL'S PEAK (Co. Selwyn) is a high peak in the Muniong range, lying near 
the X. head of the Tooma river, and about 20 miles X. of mount Kosciusko. The 
surrounding country consists of broken ranges and sharp peaks, with swampy flats and 
thick gum forest. MetamorpMc slate and syenitic granite. 

BULL STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Mort, Cameron, and 
Buchanan ; estimated area, 25,600 acres ; grazing capability, 6009 head of cattle. The 
old charges were £60 ; the recently appraised rental is £122 10s. 

BULLULIVI STATION (Liverpool plains district) • occupier, Bundle, J. B. ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31. 

BULLUMBULLA STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Morehead 
and Young ; area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £250. 

BULMABOQ CBEEK (Co. Murray) is a fine stream rising in the TV. slope of 
the Australian Alps, and flowing N.W. about 20 miles through good pastoral country, 
into the S. E. of lake G-eorge. This creek is crossed by the roads from Bungendore to 
Braidwood and Goulburn, about 6 miles N.E. of the former place. 

BULMUNG STATION (Barling district) ; occupier, Fletcher, Dugald ; area, 
20,480 acres ; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Euston. 
Charges, £41 17s. 6d. 

BULYERVI, NEW STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Buck- 
nell, Charles W. ; area, 44, 800 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old 
charges, £31 ; new appraisement, £200. 

BUMADERY (Co. Camden) is a small agricultural settlement in the parish fof 
the same name, and electoral district of Shoalhaven. It is situated on the N. bank 
of the Shoalhaven river, the land being taken up by a number of small settlers. Trap 
rock. 

BUMABBA, N., STATION (Gmjdir district) ■ occupier, Town, John; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the recently- 
appraised rental, £55 10s. 

BUMBALDBY STATION (Lachlan district); occupier, Watt, W. B. ; area, 
47,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old charges were £28 15s.; 
the recently appraised rental is £40. 

BUMBAL0NG STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Chalker, Joseph Henry ; 
.area, 6400 acres, grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. Charges £41. 

BUMBA STATION (Wellington district) ; occupier, Bidge, Bichard ; area, 21,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £41. 

BUMBEBBA CBEEK (Co. Camden) is a small N. tributary of the lower end 
of the Shoalhaven river, flowing through good cultivation ground, much of which is 
taken up by settlers. Sandstone and granite. 

BUMBLE and GUBLEY STATION (Gicydir district) ; occupiers, Morehead 
and Young ; estimated area, 100,000 acres ; grazing capability, 3040 head of cattle. 
The old charges were £190 ; the recently appraised rental is £386 13s. 4d. 

BUMBLEBERRIA STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Booth, Francis ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 5s. 

BUMBO (or Bombo) CBEEK (Co. Dampier) is a N. tributary of the Tuross 



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river, flowing on the TV. of Coila, by a very tortuous course, for about 50 miles,, 
through good, but rough, pastoral country, iq|o the main stream of Urobodalla. 
Sandstone and trap rock. 

BUMBOLEE CEEEK (Co. Buccleugh) is an E. tributary of the Tumut riveiv 
rising in Clear hill, and flowing W. about 16 miles, into the main stream, 2 miles N. 
of the township of Tumut. There is some good land at its lower end, in the parish 
of Mundongo, cut up into small agricultural farms. 

BUMBOWLEE STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Eankin, J. GL A. 
and E. ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. Charges, £96. 

BUMMYUMLA STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Bennett, John Edward ; 
area, 7515 acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. Charges, £60. 

BUNABUCKBUCK (or Long Waterhole) SWAMP (Co. Wynyard) is a long 
tract of swampy land lying on the banks of the Adelong creek, to the N.W. of 
the township. This swamp expands into a lagoon in wet weather. Granite and 
metamorphic slate. 

BUNALB0 STATION ( Clarence district) ; occupier, Robertson, James ; area,. 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 3040 head of cattle. Old charges, £190 ; new 
appraisements, £170. 

BUN BUCKLEY CEEEK {Co. Bligh) is a smaU N. tributary of the Cudegong 
river. Metamorphic. 

BUNBUNDALOQ STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, M'Phillamy, Eobert; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £30 ; new appraise- 
ments, £37 10s. 

BUNBURY CUBE AN CEEEK (Co. Cumberland) is a small W. tributary of 
George's river. It is fed by the Bow-bow-ing creek. Silurian. 

BUNDINBARIMA STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Parnell, Charles ; 
area, 90,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 head of cattle. Old charges, £40 ; new 
appraisements, £90. 

BUND ABULIA No. 1 STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Hughes, Charles 
William ; area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £35. 

BUNDABULLA No. 2 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, Howe and 
Doyle ; area, 25,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £35. 

BUNDABULLA, E., No. 3 BLOCK STATION (Warrego district); occupier, 
Eales, John ; area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £35. 

BUNDABULLA, E., No. 4 BLOCK STATION (Warrego district); occupier, 
Eales, John ; area, 25, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £35. 

* BUNDABULLA BACK STATION ( Wawego district) ; occupier, Doyle, An- 
drew ; area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31. 

BUNDABULLA, UPPEE. E., STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Hughes, 
Fred. ; area, 22,400 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

BUNDABULLA, W., STATION, BLOCK 1 (Warrego district); occupier, 
Eales, John ; area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £35. 

BUNDABULLA, W., STATION, BLOCK 2 (Warrego district); occupier, 
Eales, John ; area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £35. 

BUNDABULLA, W., STATION, BLOCK 3 (Warrego district); occupier, 
Eales, John ; area, 25, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £35. 

BUNDABULLA, W., STATION, BLOCK 4 (Warrego district); occupier, 
Eales, John ; area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £35. 

BUNDABURRA NEW STATION ( Wellington district) ; occcupier, Morris, 
Thomas L. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£30 10s. 

BUNDABURRA STATION (Lacklan district) ; occupier, Strickland, Josiah ; 
area, 23,040 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old charges were £61 
17s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £121 13s. 4d. 



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BU1TDALLA STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Loder, Andrew ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The old charges were £60 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £140 8s. 

BUNDAN00N CREEK ( Co. Camden) is a N. tributary of the Kangaroo creek, 
rising near the road from Berrima to Goulburn, about 20 miles S. of the former place. 
Sandstone and trap rock. 

BUNDARRAH, 30° 10' S. lat., 151° 7' E. long. {Co. Hardinge), is a postal town- 
ship in the parish of the same name, electoral district of New England, and police 
district of Armidale. It is situated on the Bundarra river and Clark's creek, the 
Namoi river being 30 miles S., the Macintyre river 30 miles N., and George's creek 
joining the Bundarra 2 miles W. There are two steam flour mills in Bundarra, the 
district being, however, chiefly a pastoral one, and agriculture (principally the growth 
of cereals) being carried on only on the banks of the rivers and creeks. The nearest 
gold diggings are at Wood's reef, 25 miles distant on. Ironbark creek. They are both 
alluvial and quartz, chiefly the latter. The nearest places are Inverell, 30 miles N. ; 
Bendemeer, 60 miles S. ; and Ashford, 60 miles N. ; the communication with which 
is by horse or dray only. With Sydney, 323 miles S. , the communication is by coach 
from Bendemeer to Singleton, thence by rail to Newcastle, and thence by steamer. 
The nearest hospital is at Armidale, distant 60 miles, and the nearest telegrah stations 
are Armidale and Bendemeer, each 60 miles distant. Bundarra has a post and money 
order office, a court of petty sessions (held monthly), and Protestant and Roman 
Catholic churches. The hotels are the Bundarra on the N. , and the Commercial on the 
S. , sides of the river, both well kept houses. The surrounding country, or what is 
called the Bundarra country, is a large valley, 45 miles long by an average of 10 miles 
wide. It is about 2000 feet above the level of the sea, on the N. of which it has the 
higher land of New England, the facing being precipitous, broken, and very rough 
country. On the W. and S. sides there is a table land much higher than the 
Bundarra country. The timber growing in every direction is principally box. The 
geological formation is trap rock, with quartz ridges in all directions. There are 
auriferous indications all over the locality, but gold has never yet been obtained in 
paying quantities. The table land to the S. is granitic. The population of the valley 
numbers about 500 persons. 

BUNDARRA RIVER ( Cos. Murchison and Hardinge, New England district) is 
the name of the upper part of the G-wydir river. During flood time this river is 
frequently 150 yards wide, and 40 feet deep, and runs with a very strong current. 
See Gwydir River. 

BUNDAWINGEE STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Crozier, Jno. ; area, 
40,640 acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. Charges, £165 10s. 

BUNDEG00L STATION {Bligh district); occupier, Flood, Edward; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 300 head of cattle. Charges, £25. 

BUNDEMAR CREEK STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Lowe, Major ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £65. 

BUNDIDGERY STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Green and Massie ; 
area, 12,800 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£57 10s. ; the recently appraised rental is £85. 

BUNDIG0 STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Wheatley, George ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old charges, £32 10s ; new 
appraisements, £40. 

BUNDILLA 1 lKEW STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, McGregor, A. ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

BUNDILLA STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier; McGregor, A. ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £32. 

BUNDQBERING STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Flood, E. ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

BUND0RI STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupier, Logan, Robert; area, 37,600 
acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

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BUNDULLAH STATION [Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Loder, Andrew; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The old charges were £60; the 
recently appraised rental is £133 18s. 4d. 

BTJNDURE STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Francis, and De Sailly ; 
area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £25. 

BTJNDURE STATION" {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, De Sailly, F. and 
G. ; area, 89,600 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £80; new 
appraisement, £322 8s. 

BUNDY BUND ALLY [Bligh district) ; occupier, Richardson, R. M. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £42 14s. 

BUNDYLUMLA STATION [Murrumbidgee district) ■ occupier, Darlott, Henry; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £50 ; new appraise- 
ment, £150. 

BUNDY STATION [Bligh district) ; occupier, Lunn, G. ; estimated area, 20,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 450 head of cattle. The old charges were £49 10s. ; the 
recently appraised rental is £150. 

BUNGA HEAD [Co. Dampier) is a rocky promontory standing boldly out into 
the sea, about 10 miles N. of the entrance to the Bega river. Sandstone. 

BTJHGALABEN MOUNT [Co. Northumberland) is a peak in the Hunter range 
of mountains, lying in the parish of Moruben, on the E. bank of the Macdonald river, 
and about 18 miles S.E. of Wollombi. Sandstone. 

BXJHGALAL CREEK [Co. Harden) is a N. tributary of the Jugiong creek, rising 
to the N. of Binalong, and flowing in a S.W. direction through that township. Con- 
way's, Barry's, and some other allotments of agricultural land are situated on this 
creek. 

BUNGALBI STATION [Liverpool plains district)', occupier, Rundle, J. B.; esti- 
mated area, 59, 680 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £55. 

BTJ^GALEE CREEK [Co. Camden) is a small N. tributary of the lower part of 
the Shoalhaven river, flowing through good cultivation land, much of which is taken 
up by settlers. Sandstone and granite. 

BUNGALGNG STATION [Albert district); occupier, McLean, W. ; area, 
44,800 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

BUNGAMBRAWATHA CREEK (Co. Hume) is a small creek, rising in the 
low ranges lying to the N. of Albury, and flowing in a N. direction into a small swampy 
lake of the same name. 

BUNGAMBEAWAETHA CREEK [Co. Goulburn) is a small creek, rising in 
Spring hill, and flowing S. through the township of Albury into the Murray river. 
Kilminster, Clarke, M'Farlane, and others, are holders of land on this creek. The 
geological formation is schistose, with granite cropping out at the summits of the hills. 

BUNGAMBRAWARTHA LAKE [Co. Hume), a small swampy lake lying to 
the S. of the Billabong creek, near the crossing of the Bowna and Urana road. It is 
fed by the creek of the same name, and its overflow falls into the Billabong creek. 

BT7NGANXA STATION [Gwydir district) ; occupiers, Montefiore, Graham, and 
Co.; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£40 ; the recently appraised rental is the same. 

BTJNGARBY STATION [Monaro district) ; occupier, Peters, Joseph ; area, 
35,840 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head 'of cattle. Charges, £120. 

BUNGAREE HEAD [Co. Nothumberland). See Norah Head. 

BUNGEBAR STATION [Bligh district) ; occupier, Deans, Thomas ; estimated 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1200 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £35. 

BUNGEE PEAK [Co. Wellesley) is a lofty peak, attaining a height of 3089 
feet above sea level, and lying on the S. bank of the M 'Laughlin river, about 20 miles 



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S. of Niinmitabel. Granite rocks, interpolating quartz-bearing slates, the lower parts 
"being overflowed by trappean eruptions. 

BUNGENDORE, 34° 15' S. lat., 149° 30' E. long. (Co. Murray), is a postal 
village in the parish of Bungendore, electoral and police districts of Queanbeyan, situ- 
ated on the Turalla creek, 40 miles S.W. of Goulburn, on the main line of road be- 
tween Sydney, G-oulburn, and Cooma. Mail coaches run from Sydney to Oooma via 
Bungendore thrice a week. The Gibraltar mountain lies to the E. of Bungendore, i 
mile distant, and commands an extensive view of the surrounding country ; near to its 
summit is a cave of granite formation, said to have been the hiding place of the notorious 
bushranger Jackey-Jackey. Two miles W. are the Gundaroo mountains. Lake 
George lies 4 miles 1ST. , its waters are brackish, an animal somewhat resembling a seal 
is often seen in its waters, and wild fowl in abundance inhabit it. The district is 
admirably adapted for agricultural and pastoral pursuits, both of which are extensively 
followed. A quartz reef has been lately discovered about 9 miles S. of the township, 
and a party is at work upon it ; some of the quartz has lately been sent to Sydney for 
trial, but the result is not yet known. There is a steam flour mill (M'Ching's) in full 
work in the neighbourhood. The nearest places are Queanbeyan, 18 miles S. W., and. 
Molonglo, 10 miles S. , the means of communication with which are by mail three 
times per week. The communication with Sydney, 170 miles N., is by coach to 
Goulburn, thence by mail coach or van to Picton and thence by rail, or from Bungen- 
dore to Braidwood by coach, thence to the Clyde, and to Sydney by steamer. The 
distance by the first route is about 170 miles, and by the second 140 miles. The hotels 
in Bungendore are the Commercial (Carroll's) and the Harp (Leahy's), at the former 
of which is the mail coach office. There is a post office, a court house, two churches 
(one of England and one of Home), and two good schools, the Church of England one 
being a commodious building, and the Roman catholic one being held in the church 
belonging to that denomination. Bungendore is under the control of the police magis- 
trate of Queanbeyan, who holds a court of petty sessions monthly. The population, 
numbers about 200 persons. The neighbouring country, both E. and W. , is moun- 
tainous, and towards the N. and S. , flat. The geological formation consists of silex, 
calx, and argilla. 

BUNGERANG STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Dunn, Andrew ; area, 
22,400 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; 
the recently appraised rental, £80. 

BUNGERRA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Peter, John ; area, 
76,800 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Booligal. Charges, £31. 

BUNGINBAR CREEK ( Co. Richmond) is a small N. tributary of the Clarence 
river, flowing through country suitable for agricultural pursuits. Carbonaceous 
sandstone. 

_ BUNGXNDEAR PLAINS STATION ( Wan-ego district) ; occupiers, Thorald 
and Tisdall ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 3s. 

BUNGLE GULLY CREEK (Go. Baradine, Liverpool plains district). See 
Baradine Creek. 

BUNGLEGUMBIE STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Walker, Alex- 
ander ; area, 15,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is the same. 

BUNG0LL0W, No. 1 STATION (Barling district) ; occupier, McKenzie, 
Donald*; area, 30,720 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

BUNGONIA, 34° 52' S. lat., 149° 58' E. long. [Co. Argyle), is a postal and road 
board township, in the parish of Bungonia, electoral district of Argyle, and police 
district of Goulburn, situated on the Bungonia creek, 117 miles S. from Sydney, on 
the main line of road between that place and Braidwood. There are 4 creeks flowing 
within a short distance of the town, viz. : the Bungonia, Jacqua, Spring Pond, and. 
J errara creeks — all tributary to the Shoalhaven river, which flows at a distance of 
9 miles E. The nearest places are, the Shoalhaven river diggings, 9 miles S.E. ; 
Marulan, 10 miles N. ; and Goulburn, 17 miles W.N. W. There is no regular com- 
munication with these places, the mail being conveyed on horseback thrice a wee 1 :. 
There is a carrying office, where parcels are conveyed to Marulan, Goulburn, and 



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Braidwood, on horseback. With Sydney the communication is via Marulan, from 
Murrimbah or Goulburn, from either of which places the mail coach runs to Picton, 
and thence by rail, the total distance being 120 miles. There are two hotels, 
the Victoria and the Hope Inn. The surrounding country is undulating, well 
grasseH, and heavily timbered, and admirably adapted for agricultural pursuits, 
which a^'e extensively followed in the district. Gold mining (alluvial) is also being 
carried on by a few parties at Washed Away creek, a few miles distant, to the S. E. 
The population numbers about 100 persons. The geological formation is granite and 
limestone. 

BUNGONIA CREEK (Co. Argyle) is a small tributary of the Jerrara creek, 
flowing through the township of Bungonia. Limestone abounding in calcareous spar, 
and containing fossils. See Jerrara Creek. 

BUN&ONANNA STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Dight, John ;. 
estimated area, 44,800 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Albury. The old charges were .£60 ; the recently appraised rental 
is £62. 

BUNGrUMBJLL STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Laidlaw, Thomas ; 
area, 30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £30 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £66 13s. 4d. 

BUNIANA CREEK (Co. Argyle) is a small tributary of the Pejar creek. Trap 
rock. 

BUN J AH STATION {Albert district) ; occupiers, Henty and Sampson ; area, 
64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

BUN J A MOUNT (Co. Cooper) is a solitary hill, lying on the vast plain between 
the Lachlan and Murrumbidgee rivers. Pliocene tertiary. 

BUNNA-BUNNA, BACK BLOCK, No. 1 STATION (Liverpool plains dis- 
trict) ; occupier, Brown, John; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 500 head of 
cattle. Charges, £30. 

BUNNA-BUNNA, BACK BLOCK, No. 2 STATION (Liverpool plains dis- 
trict); occupier, Brown, John; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 500 head of 
cattle. Charges, £30. 

BUNNA-BUNNA, E., STATION (Warrego district); occupier, Moffitt, T. ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Bourke. Charges, £60 5s. 

BUNNA-BUNNA, W., No. 2 STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Moffitt, 
Thomas ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Bourke. Charges, £65. 

BUNNABY (Co. Argyle) is a small agricultural settlement, situated about 8 
miles N.E. of Taralga. It has a scattered population, chiefly small settlers. Meta- 
morphic shales. 

BUNNABY CREEK (Co. Argyle) is a small stream flowing from the W. into 
the Wollondilly river, in the N. part of the county. Sandstone and granite. 

BUNNALONGr SWAMP (Co. Northumberland) is a tract of swampy ground 
on the N. bank of the Dorah creek, near Stingaree point. Eluviatile deposit overlying 
sandstone. 

BUNNARBBA, S., STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupiers, Onus, J., Benson, 
A., and Onus, J. E. ; estimated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. 
The old charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £55 16s. 

BUNNA WANNA STATION (Wellington district); occupiers, Watt and 
Walker ; area, 23, 800 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Bourke. Charges, £30. 

BUNNAWANNA, No. 2 STATION (Wellington district) ; occupiers, Watt 
and Walker ; area, 24,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Bourke. Charges, £31. 

BUNNAWANNA STATION (Warrego district) ; occupiers, Watt and Walker; 



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area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Bourke.. Charges, £30. 

BUNNA WANNA, E., STATION" {Warrego district); occupiers, Watt and 
Walker ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post 
town is Bourke. Charges, £60. 

BUNNUM PIC {Co. Camden), a remarkable point in the perpendicular cliff 
that bounds Burragorong, between the Wollondilly and Nattai rivers, 76 miles from 
Sydney. Sandstone and metamorphic slate. 

BUNTH0N STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Byan, Edward ; area, 53, 120 
acres ; grazing capability, 1800 head of cattle. The old charges were £111 17s. 6d. ; 
the recently appraised rental is £125. 

BUNYAN, 36° 9' S. lat., 149° 11' E. long. {Co. Beresford), is a postal township, 
in the parish of Bunyan, electoral district of Monaro, and police district of Cooma. It 
is situated on the Cooma creek, about 4 miles E. S. E. of the Murrumbidgee, and 5 
miles W.S.W. of the Niimeralla rivers. The district is an agricultural and pastoral 
one, nruch of the available land being taken up and under cultivation by free selectors. 
The nearest township is Cooma, distant 6 miles S.W. Sydney lies 250 miles distant, 
the communication being by mail coach from Cooma to Picton, and thence by rail ; 
there is 1 hotel, the Bunyan, (Cullen's) in the village ; the surrounding country is 
flat, with a background of high mountains, rocky, and covered with timber and scrub. 
The population numbers about 60 persons. The geological formation is hornblendic 
and porphyritic granite, and trap rock. 

BU0NA STATION {Albert district) ; occupiers, Henty and Sampson ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

BTJRAGY STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Scott, James ; area, 64,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £60. 

BUBALOW CREEK {Co. Cook) is a small N. tributary of the Grose river. 
Sandstone. 

BURAMANGULA MOUNT {Co. Lincoln) is a high hill, lying 8 miles N.E. 
from the township of Wellington. Metamorphic. 

BURANGYLQNG, (or Grove) CREEK {Co. Georgiana) is a N. tributary of 
Thompson's creek, rising in the long swamp, in the rough country, S.W. of Rockley, 
and flowing S. about 20 miles into the main stream near Bombah, on the Tuena gold 
field. It is fed by the Carrawa, Byne's, and Deep creeks. Metamorphic slate and 
limestone. 

BURBAR STATION {Warrego district) ; occupier, Hills, T. H. ; area, 64,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 2s. 

BURBAR, No. 2 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Hill, Thomas Horn- 
castle ; area, 48,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £27 12s,. 

BTJRBENDA STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Pittman and Stone- 
sheet ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £115. 

BXJRGAN BUNGY MOUNT {Co. Bligh) is a peak in the Scrubby ranges, lying 
N.W. of the confluence of the Macquarie and Cudgegong rivers. Metamorphic slate 
and granite. 

BURGAR0LL STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Quiii, Patrick ; 
area, 44,800 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £32. 

BURG0N, No 4 STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Richards, 
Benjamin; area, 33,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges un- 
certain. 

BURGUNDERTJ STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Gibson, Thomas 
J. ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. Charges, £60. 

BURIE STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Kyte, Thomas William ; area, 
18,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

BURINDI STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Allan, Henry; area, 
19,840 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Old charges, £60; new appraise- 
ment, £88. 



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BUBKE'S CREEK {Co. Mitchell, Murrumbidgee district). See Rulletop 
Cheek. 

BUEKE'3 TOWN {Co. St. Vincent). See Upper Araluen. 

BUEMAGUEE HEAD {Co. Dampief) is a rocky promontory, standing out 
"boldly into the sea. It is situated about half-way between, or 20 miles distant from 
the Bega and Tuross rivers. Sandstone. 

BUENETT is a county in the pastoral district of the Gwydir, containing 2544 
acres of alienated land, and 1,021,456 acres unalienated. Its present boundaries, 
however, are open to modification. 

BUENIMA STATION {Monaro district) ; occupiers, . Ryne, J. C. and David ; 
area, 20,774 acres ; grazing capability, 7000 sheep. Charges, £130. 

BUEIT3 HILL {Co. Wellesley) is a small peak, lying about half a mile S. of the 
township of Bombala, and near the cemetery attached to that township. The road 
from Gipp's land passes under the W. of the hill. Metamorphic slate. 

BUENS'S LAKES {Co. Wellesley) is a chain of small lakes lying in the bold 
undulating pastoral plains to the W. of the Comalong creek, and S. of mount Cooper. 

BUEQBUEG-ATE STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Mort, 
Cameron, and Buchanan; estimated area, 65,920 acres; grazing capability, 10,000 
sheep. The old charges were £100 ; the recently appraised rental is £252. 

BUE0WQ1TEY MOUNT {Co. Roxburgh) is a peak in the Blue Mountain range, 
lying about 4 miles S.E. of Dabee. Sandstone. 

BUEEABA (or Long creek) {Co. Wellington) is a S. tributary of Campbell's 
creek, falling into it at the township of Windeyer, and flowing through the scrubby 
country to the E. of the Louisa creek gold fields. It is fed by the Nuggetty gully and 
Kingarragan creeks. The geological formation is micaceous schist and shaly slate, 
with quartz ridges and occasional dykes of trappean rock. 

BUEEA-BUEEA CREEK {Co. Georgiana) is a small S. tributary of the upper 
part of the Abercrombie river, rising in the W. slope of the Australian Alps, and 
flowing through scrubby country from the Bnrra-Burra lake, at the foot of the range, 
in a N. direction, for about 16 miles. Granite, slate, and limestone. 

BUEEA-BUEEA LAKE {Co. Argyle) is a small sheet of fine fresh water, 
lying to the W. of the dividing range, a little N. of Teralga, and about 16 miles S.E- 
of Bolong. It abounds in fish and waterfowl of all kinds. Granite and limestone.. 

BUEEA-BUEEA, N., STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, FarrandJJohn ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest postal townships 
are Walgett and Moree. Charges, £33. 

BUEEA-BUEEA, S., STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Farrand, John ; 
area, 64, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post towns are Wal- 
gett and Moree. Charges, £33. 

BUEEAB0GXE, BLOCK A., STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, 
Taylor, I 1 . ; area, 41,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Hay. Charges, £32 10s. 

BUEEAB0GIE, BLOCK B., STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, 
Taylor, F. ; area, 43,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Hay. Charges, £32 10s. 

BUEEA CREEK {Co. Dampier) is a small S. tributary of the Moruya river, 
flowing into it about 12 miles from its mouth. Granite and slate. 

BUEEA CREEK {Co. Murray), a W. tributary of the Queanbeyan river, 
flowing N.E. about 8 miles, and draining the flat pastoral country between Colinton 
and Queanbeyan. Granite and slate. 

BUEEA CREEK ( Co. Selwyn) is a small tributary of the Tumberumba creek, 
rising in Mane's range, and flowing about 10 miles S.W. into the Tumberumba creek 
through a scrubby pastoral country. Rorphyritic granite, trap rock, and shales. 

BUEEAGOEAE" G, 34° 5' S. lat., 150° 28' E. long. {Co. Camden), is a postal 
township situated in the electoral and jwlice district of Camden, lying 24 miles S.W. 



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from the township of Camden, and 19^ miles N.W. of Picton, with neither of which 
places is there any communication by conveyance, the mail being carried on horseback 
thrice a week. The nearest court of petty sessions and telegraph station is at Pi6ton • 
The district is entirely an agricultural one, the soil being rich black loam, suitable for 
dairy farming, which is carried on extensively in the neighbourhood. Maize is also 
grown in considerable quantities in the district. In the neighbourhood of 
Burragorang are 2 agricultural villages known as the Oaks and Vanderville respect- 
ively. There is 1 hotel, the Burragorang, in the township. The Wollondilly river 
flows through the valley in which Burragorang is situated, and is hemmed in by mag- 
nificent and nearly perpendicular mountains, which overhang it at an altitude of 2000 
feet. The distance along the road from the township to the summit is about 2 miles, 
and, as this is the only mode of ingress or egress, all produce has to be conveyed by 
pack horse along it. There is a flour mill in the township, but it is not at present in 
working order. The formation is carboniferous sandstone, there being good beds of 
coal, cannel, and kerosene shale. The population numbers 550 persons, most of the 
heads of the families being freeholders. 

BUEEAGQEANG VALLEY (Go. Camden) is a long narrow valley, hemmed in 
between the Merrigong range and the Blue mountains, with only one pass down into 
it, and that a very precipitous one. It runs N. and S. along the banks of the War- 
rangamba river, and consists of a strip of rich soil matted with the finest native 
herbage, and most picturesquely variegated with high, rocky, precipitous mountains 
hanging frowningly on each side of it. It is 58 miles from Sydney. The scenery in 
this valley is of the most magnificent character ; its sides are nearly perpendicular, 
and are cleft in the sandstone to a depth of 2000 feet. Brown cannel coal and kero- 
sene shale have both been discovered in the valley. 

BUEEAGUEEA MOUNT [Co. Northumberland) is a peak in the Hunter range, 
in the parish of Lockyer, and about 14 miles S. S. W. of Wollombi. Sandstone. 

BUEEAL0NG STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Gordon, John j area, 
23,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

BUEEAMAGAA (or Back of Merrowee) STATION [Lachlan district) ; 
occupier, Smith, Joseph; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. 
Charges, £98 8s. 

BUEEAMAGAA, No. 2 (or beyond back of Merrowee) STATION [Lachlan 
district) ; occupier, Smith, Joseph ; area, 21,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. 
Charges, £30. 

BUEEAMANDAEA MOUNTAIN (Co. Wallace). See Berrima range. 

BUEEAM-BUEEAM CAVE (Co. Bligh) is a limestone chasm in the earth, 
situated on the hill of the same name, on the N. bank of the Macquarie river, near 
the confluence of the Dreel creek. Sandstone and limestone. 

BUEEAM-BUEEAM MOUNT (Co. Bland) is a solitary hill, lying in the vast 
plain between the Lachlan and Murrumbidgee rivers. Pliocene tertiary. 

BUEEAM-BUEEAM MOUNT (Co. Bligh) is a high solitary mountain, lying 
on the N. bank of the Macquarie river, and 4 miles E. of Wellington. Metamorphic 
slate, sandstone, and limestone. 

BUEEAMBUEKANGAL MOUNT (Co. Bathurst) is a lofty hill, lying about 15 
miles W. of Carcoar. Granite and limestone. 

BUEEAMUNGEE MOUNT (Co. Wallace). See Eam's head. 

BURRAN-BTJRRAN CAVE (Co. Wellington) is a remarkable cavern in the 
limestone on the Gillory creek. Its principal chamber is about 720 feet in length, 130 
feet wide, and 100 feet high in the centre. 

BUEE AMONG (Co. Wellington). See Burrendong. 

BUREANDOWXf STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, McKenzie, Colin ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £15 ; new appraise- 
ment, £90. 

BUREUNDULLA (Co. Phillip) is an agricultural settlement, lying to the E. of 
the township of Mudgee, distant about 3 miles. Metamorphic slate. 



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BURRANGANDRA STATION (3fonaro district) ; occupiers, Macdonald and 
Campbell ; area, 2560 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

BURRANGONG CREEK (Co. Monteagle) is an auriferous stream, rising in the 
Burrangong gold fields, to the S. of the township of Young, and flowing N. and N. W. 
through that place into a large swamp, which drains into the Yeo-Yeo creek. It is 
fed by numerous streams, the principal of which are the Blackguard gully, China 
gully, Spring, Little Spring, Bullock, Tragong, and Emu creeks. The geological 
formation of the course of the creek is lower palaeozoic, with alluvial drift. 

BURRANGONG GOLD FIELD (Co. Monteagle) is an alluvial diggings on the 
S.W. gold fields, and lying on the Burrangong creek to the N.E. of the township of 
Young. The quantity of gold received by escort from the Burrangong gold fields 
during the year 1864 was 32,411 ozs., which, at £3 19s. Id. per oz., was of the total 
value of £128,159 Is. During the year 1864 were sold 1624 miners' rights and 239 
business licenses. 

BURRANGONG STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, White, James ; area, 
40,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old charges were £50 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £100. 

BURRANGONG STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Wilson, James ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £60 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £104. 

BURRANGONG TOWNSHIP (Co. Monteagle). See Young. 

BUERANGUBUGGE CREEK {Co. Wallace) is a small mountain creek at the 
head of the Snowy river. Granite and trap rock. 

BURRAN STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Button, Charles ; 
estimated area, 57,600 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £206. 

BURRAN, E., STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Button, Charles; 
area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 Is. 

BURRAN, S. , STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Button, Charles ; 
area, 17,280 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 Is. 

BURRADULLA CREEK (Co. Wellington) is a smaU tributary of the Cudge- 
gong creek, flowing into it near the township of Mudgee, through agricultural land 
cut up into small farms. Metamorphic slate. 

BURRA STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Bartholomew, William ; 
area, 21,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. Charges, £61 7s. 6d. 

BURRA WAND00L STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, Bagot and Bagot ; 
area, 23,600 acres ; grazing capability, uncertain. Charges, £30. 

BURRA WANG (or Mount Pleasant) (Co. Camden) is a postal township in the 
parish of Burrawang, electoral district of Camden, and police district of Berrima, 97 
miles S.W. from Sydney, 9 miles S.E. from the old main S. road, and 14 miles 
from the new main road at Berrima. It is intended that a station on the 
great Southern railway shall be erected on the old S. road, 9 miles W. from the 
township. The Wingecarribbee river rises in the Wingebarribbee swamp, 1 mile N. E. 
Joe Wilds' meadow, another large swamp, lies half a mile S.W., and, together with 
numerous creeks, forms the head of the Kangaroo river, 10 miles S.E., and the Bar- 
rengarry river flows 4 miles S.W. The mountains in the neighbourhood are the Bar- 
rengarry and the Kangaroo, about 2500 feet above the level of the sea. These mountains 
run from E. to W. , and form a semicircular precipitous range of rocks dividing this 
table land from the Illawarra district. The various creeks and rivers running S. and 
W. unite and form several waterfalls, the principal of which is the Fitzroy fall, 9 
miles W. The parishes of Burrawang, Tarringa, Yarrah Wah, and Kangaloon, com- 
prise the table land commonly known as the Yarra Wah brush. Several splendid 
views can be obtained from this place, overlooking the ocean, the Illawarra district, 
and the mountains in the neighbourhood of Braidwood. The district is admirably 
adapted for agriculture, from the exceeding fertility of the soil, and its proximity to the 
metropolitan market. It is well watered, and all descriptions of English cereals, roots, 
grass, and fruit grow luxuriantly and yield abundant crops. When the railway is 



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105 



opened, and good roads made to the station, this district will be second to none in the 
colony for its productive wealth. There are no mills or manufactories at present, the 
country having only been newly opened, but there will doubtless be flour mills in due 
course, and when the value of the timber becomes better known, saw mills will be 
erected. The nearest places are Berrima, 14 miles 1ST. ; Sutton Forest, 12 miles S.W. ; 
Fitzroy iron mines (New Sheffield), 12 miles N. ; and Bong-Bong, 10 miles N. ; also, 
the new settlements of Tarringa, Yarra Wah, and Kangaloon, all in the immediate 
neighbourhood. With these places there are no regular means of communication; there 
is only one dray road from the main road, called the Old Cedar Mountain road : it is 
much out of repair, and goods are generally conveyed on pack horses, the mail being 
carried on horseback once a week. With Sydney, 102 miles N.N.E., the communica- 
tion is by horse to Berrima or Mittagong, the former 14, and the latter 16 miles distant, 
thence by coach to Picton, and thence by rail. The nearest hotel is at Berrima. The 
table land on which Burrawang is situated attains an elevation of 2300 feet above sea 
level, the slopes are rugged and precipitous, thickly scrubbed and timbered with 
gigantic ironbark, gum, and stringybark timber. The geological formation is princi- 
pally trappean, with sandstone and freestone. This tract of country, though known 
for some time, was not occupied to any extent until the passing of Mr. Robertson's 
land act, when above 30,000 acres were taken up within twelve months ; before the 
act came into operation there were only two families settled on the mountain on which 
Burrawang is situated. The soil is very patchy, running in veins, and tracts of barren 
ground intevening. The trap formation is exceedingly rich, and the freestone and 
sandstone formation is as poor as the other is rich. The population numbers about 
300 persons. 

BURRAWANG STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Lord, Francis ; area, 
35,200 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old charges were £61 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £103. 

BURRAWANG STATION [MurrwmMdgee district) ; occupiers, Mein, G. A. 
and P. ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £60 ; new 
appraisement, £250. 

BURRAWARRA, UPPER STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Dowling, 
Tincent ; area, 19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

BURRAWARRA, W., STATION; occupier, Dowling, Vincent; area, 19,200 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

BURRAWERRE POINT (or Head) {Co. St. Vincent) is a rocky promontory 
ru nnin g boldly out into the sea, and forming the S. head of the entrance to Bateman's 
bay. Vessels should give this headland a good offing. Sandstone. 

BURRAWXNDRA CREEK {Co. King) is a S. tributary of the Crookwell 
river, rising in mount Windnella, and flowing N.W. through undulating, scrubby 
country about 12 miles. Granite, schist, and limestone. 

BURRAW0NNA STATION (Darling district) ■ occupier, McLean, William ; 
area, 48,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

BURRAWONG, BLOCK A., STATION {Wellington district) ■ occupier, Lord, 
<x. W. ; area, 38,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. Charges, £31. 

BURRAWONGr, BLOCK B. , STATION ( Wellington district) ■ occupier, Lord, 
G. W. ; area, 38,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

BURR CREEK {Albert district) is a stream rising in the S. of the Grey range, 
and flowing in a S. E. direction. 

BURRENDONG (or Burraxdoxg), 32 3 38' S. lat., 149° 12' E. long. {Co. 
WelUngton), is a mining and postal township in the parish of Burrendong, and elec- 
toral and police districts of Wellington. It is situated on the Macquarie river, Oaky, 
Spring, and Devil's Hole creeks, each three miles apart, all running into that river in 
the neighbourhood, which is surrounded by a chain of mountains known as the 
Burrendong ranges. The district is a pastoral and mining one, the latter both alluvial 
aud quartz, the principal diggings in the locality being the Cookey"s flat, Schone's 
paddock, Lake's paddock, Spring creek, Devil's Hole creek, and Weir's point, on all 
of which remunerative workings have been found. The nearest places are Ironbarks, 
11 miles S.W. ; Merrindee, 11 miles N.E. ; and Mudgee, 42 miles E. With the first 



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two places there is communication by horse only, and with Mudgee by Cobb's coach 
from Ironbarks. With Sydney, 195 miles W., the communication is by Cobb's coach, 
from Ironbarks, via Mudgee to Penrith, and thence by rail. The surrounding country 
is partly mountainous and partly flat. The geological formation is micacious schist 
and clay shale, with numerous auriferous quartz reefs. The population is scattered 
over the various diggings in the neighbourhood. 

BUEEELL STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Parnell, T ; area, 
44,800 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Old charges, £60 ; new appraisement, 
£112 10s. 

BUEEEN-BUBEEN STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Eckford, 
John ; area, 56,820 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. Charges, £60. 

BUBBEN-BUEBEN STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Eckford, John ; 
area, 56, 320 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Old charges, £60 ; new 
appraisement, £75. 

BUBRIER, 34° 52' S. lat.. 15 )° 29' E. long. (Co. St. Vincent), is a postal town- 
ship in the parish of Burrier, and electoral and police districts of Shoalhaven. It is 
situated on the Shoalhaven river ; the principal creeks in the neighbourhood being 
Saltwater creek to the E., and Budjong and Yalwell creeks to the W. The district is 
entirely agricultural ; gold has, however, been found in the immediate neighbourhood, 
but is not worked. The nearest place is Nowra, about 13 miles E. ; the communica- 
tion is only by the river by means of a river steamer ; the mail is conveyed on horse- 
back. With Sydney the communication is by river steamer to Greenwell point, at the 
mouth of the, river, once a week, and thence by the I. S. N. Co. 's steamers, or by 
horse or dray through Kiama and Wollongong, the distance being about 130 miles. 
There is a school conducted by the Presbyterian denomination in the village, a post 
office, but no other public institutions. The surrounding country is very mountainous, 
with fine alluvial flats along the banks of the river, and in the valleys and gullies. The 
population numbers about 200 persons, chiefly engaged in farming pursuits. The 
geological formation of the district is sandstone, except at Yalwell, where there are 
large outcropping beds of granite. 

BUEE1L CREEK (Co. Gloucester) is a small S. tributary of the Manning river. 
It is fed by the Bow-Bow, Korribakle, Kundabakle, and Firefly creeks. Sandstone 
and limestone. 

BUEEIL CREEK (Co. Narromine, Bligh district) is a small S. tributary of the 
Ten Mile creek, flowing N.W. across the road, from Obley and Bexcourt to Condo- 
bolin. Lower palaeozoic and pliocene tertiary. 

BUEEIL CREEK (Co. St. Vincent) is a small creek flowing into the Burril 
lake at its head. Granite. 

BUEEIL (Co.' St. Vincent) is a small agricultural settlement, lying near the 
coast, about 3 miles S. of Ulladulla. Sandstone and trap. 

BUEEIL LAKE (Co. St. Vincent) is a beautiful expanse of salt water, lying 2\ 
miles S. of Ulladulla, abounding with schnapper, salmon, whiting, and also with 
waterfowl of every kind ; it is about 7 miles long, and from half a mile to a mile 
broad. A good vineyard has been established on its N. bank. The lake is fed on its 
W. side by the Burril creek. Trap rock, granite, and slate. 

BUEEILDA STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Buckland, C. W. ; area, 
38, 900 acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. Charges, £32. 

BUEEIMBUC0 MOUNT (Co. Wellesley) is a peak of the S. coast range, lying 
in the rugged pastoral country to the S.E. of Bombala, about 10 miles distant from 
that place. Upper silurian, with broken basalt and metaniorpkic mica, chlorite, 
and talc. 

BURB0B0GIE STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Trust and Agri- 
cultural Company of Australia; area, 102,000 acres ; grazing capability, 11,000 sheep. 
Old charges, £109 10s. ; the new apj>raisement is £413. 

BUEE0WA (Co. King). See Booroowa. 

BUEE0WA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Smellie, Thomas ; area, 



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6000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The old charges were £17 10s. ; the 
recently appraised rental is £25. 

BURROW A STATION {Laehfan district) ■ occupier, Corcoran, Roger ; area, 
15,360 acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. The old charges were £17 10s. ; 
the recently appraised rental is £15. 

BURROWNGrA STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Mort, Cameron, 
and Buchanan ; area, 30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, 
£61 17s. 6d. 

BURROW STATION {Monaro district) ; occupiers, Ward and Williams; area, 
13,440 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £67. 

BURIMMA MOUNT {Co. Wellesley) is a small hill on the road from Bombala 
to Cathcart, via the estate of Mr. D. Gunn. Slate and basalt. 

BURRUMBUTTOCX STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Cun- 
ningham and Macredie ; estimated area, 30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. 
The old charges were £35 ; the recently appraised rental is £48. 

BURRUN STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Lowe, C. B. ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the recently ap- 
praised rental is £60. 

BURRURANGrEL, S., STATION {Albert district) ■ occupiers, Panton and 
Otway ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

BURRURAMxEL STATION {Albert district) ; occupiers, Panton and Otway ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

BURRYJAA STATION {Murrumbidgee district) : occupier, Henty, Hon. J. ; 
area, 32,750 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Albury. Charges, £61. 

BURTH0NG, No. 1 STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Bower and 
Davenport ; area, 64, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Condobolin. The old charges were £31 ; the recently appraised rental is 
£125. 

BURWAY STATION {Bligh district) ; occupiers, Brocklehurst, W. W. and E. ; 
area, 39,800 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old charges were £80 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £120. 

BURWOOD^ (Co. Cumberland) is a postal roadside village and railway station, 
forming a pleasant suburb of Sydney, from which place it lies W. about 6§ miles. It 
is in the parish of Concord, and electoral district of Canterbury, and lies about a mile 
S. of the Parramatta river. It is situated on the road and railway between Sydney 
and Parramatta, and lies 2 miles distant from the villages of Ashfield and Enfield, and 
half a mile from the village of Longbottom. There are a few small dairy farms and 
market gardens in Burwood, but no mills or manufactories of any kind. The hotels 
are the Red Lion, Bath, and Railway hotel. There is an agency of the Northern Fire 
and Life Insurance company, and an oddfellows' (Junction) lodge, in this place. The 
surrounding country is undulating and tolerably well wooded, there being, however, 
large tracts cleared and under cultivation, or used as pasturage for cattle. The soil is 
of a yellowish clay, some of which is suitable for brickmaking. The population of 
Burwood is 548 persons, and the neighbouring villages may be roughly estimated at 
about 2000 persons, scattered over a large extent of country, and, excepting the resi- 
dent gentry, who carry on their businesses in Sydney, subsisting by tillage, farming, 
woodcutting, or brickmaking. The geological formation is ferruginous sandstone, and 
at this place is a remarkable instance of the outburst of basalt from under the sand- 
stone. The basalt (bluestone) was in the form of a cone, the base being upward, and the 
apex prolonged to an unknown depth in the earth ; on one side is a dyke or vein of 
basalt running into a fissure in the surrounding sandstone. Most of the bluestone has 
been removed by quarrymen. 

BURWOOD {Co. Northumberland) is a small village near Hexham, on the road 
and railway between Newcastle and Maitland. The land abounds in sand and porce- 
lain clay, and stone. A pottery has lately been established there, and there is a 
valuable coal mine on an estate which has recently been taken up by the Australian 

i 



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[Bus— Byg 



glass and porcelain company, established for the purpose of the manufacture of those 
articles. 

BUSHRANGER'S HILL (Co. Gordon) is a rugged mountain, lying on the E. 
bank of the Little river, about 10 miles W. of Wellington. Lower volcanic and 
limestone. 

BUSHRANGER'S HILL (Co. Westmoreland) is a solitary peak, lying on the 
road from Bathurst to Goulburn, about 5 miles N. of Swatchfield. Granite and clay 
shale. 

BUTCHER'S BLOCK (Co. Cumberland) is a large mass of sandstone, lying in 
the Lane Cove river, near Onion point. Sandstone. 

BUTCHER'S for Blackfellow's) CREEK (Co. Westmoreland) is a tributary 
of Cox's river, rising" in mount Werong, and flowing N.W. through exceedingly 
rugged country. Sandstone. 

BUTHA-BUTHA, No. 1 STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Suttor, W. H.; 

area, 20,800 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £34. 

BUTHA-BUTHA, No. 2 STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Acres, E. H. 
A. ; area, 20,800 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £30 ; new 
appraisements, £30. 

BUTHA-BUTHA, No. 3 STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Suttor, W. H. ; 
area, 20,800 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £34. 

BUTHA-BUTHA, No. 4 STATION (Albert district); occupier, Suttor, Andrew ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

BUTHER00 CREEK (Co. Napier, Bligh district) is an E. tributary of the 
upper part of the Castlereagh river, rising in the Boogamurra plains, and flowing W. 
through good pastoral country, and past the village of Butheroo. Basalt, with deep 
alluvial deposit. 

BUTHERWAE STATION (Murrwnbidgee district) ; occupiers, Taber, Chap- 
man, and Huon ; area, 48,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Wagga Wagga. Old charges, £80 ; new appraisement, £217 16s. 6d. 

BUTLER'S CREEK (Co. Auckland) is a small N. tributary of the Bemboka 
river. Trap rock. 

BUTLER'S FALLS (Co. Gordon) is the name given to a fall on the Macquarie 
river, about 3 miles S.E. of Dubbo. 

BUTLERWICK (Co. Durham) is a small agricultural settlement, lying 8 miles 
distant from Maitland. 

BUTT PLAIN STATION (JIurrumbidge district) ; occupiers, Osborne, J. and 
H. ; area, 16,500 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. The old charges were £33 
15s. ; the recently appraised rental is £50. 

BYERA WERONG, N., STATION (Warrego district); occupier, Hungerford, 
Thos. ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

BYERA WERONG, S., STATION (Warrego district); occupier, Hungerford, 
Thos. ; area, 32,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

BYE STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, uncertain ; area, 1600 acres ; 
grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 

BYGGOLEER MOUNT (Co. Darling) is a solitary hill, lying in the vast plain 
between the Lachlan and Murrumbidgee rivers, and a few miles S. of Condobolin. 
Pliocene tertiary. 

BYG0L0REE STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Murray, Peter ; area, 
26, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

BYG00 MOUNT (Co. Cooper) is a solitary hill, lying in the vast plain between 
the Lachlan and Murrumbidgee rivers. Pliocene tertiary. 

BYG00 STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, O'Brien, William; area, 36,000 
, acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 



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109 



BYLLOEOEA STATION {Bligh district ) ; occupier, Blackman, William R, ; 
estimated area. 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £92 16s. 3d. ; the recently appraised rental is £400. 

BYLONG CREEK {Co. Phillip) is a S. tributary of the Goulburn river, flowing 
in a N. direction along the W. side of the road from Dabee to Boggibri. Sandstone. 

BYNE'S CREEK {Co. Georgiana) is a small E. tributary of the Burangylong 
creek, draining the scrubby and swampy country to the N. of the Tuena gold fields. 
Metamorphic slate. 

BYNG CREEK {Co. Batliurst) is a small W. tributary of the upper part of 
Lewis' ponds, flowing through land held by R. Glasson, into the main stream at the 
township of Byng. Sandstone and schist. 

BYNGNANO PLAINS STATION {Albert district); occupiers, Panton and 
Otway ; area, 61,440 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

BYONG STATION {Wellington district); occupiers, Mort, Cameron, and 
Buchanan ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£30 5s. 

BYONG, S., STATION {Wellington district) ; occupiers, Mort, Cameron, and 
Buchanan ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £50 5s. 6d. 

BYENE'S (Eugowra or Makdagery) CREEK {Co. Ashburnham) is a stream 
flowing through good pastoral country, from the broken country lying to the N.W. 
of Orange. It is fed by the Manildra, Deladerry, Bourimbla, Reedy, and Mowra 
creeks. The lower portion of this creek i'lows alongside the main road from Orange 
to Forbes, through the Nangar valley and Eugowra, the latter place celebrated as the 
place where a daring and murderous attack was made upon the gold escort, by a 
party of bushrangers under the command of the notorious Gardiner, about four years 
ago. The country is rugged and well timbered, and the stream has steep banks, 
generally of brown soil. This creek is sometimes flooded, and when so imparts a 
brownish tinge to the waters of the Lachlan, from the debris washed from its banks. 
Falling back from its banks are large flats overgrown with grass and scrub of gum, 
sheoak, and acacia. 

BYEON {Co. Gough) is a small government township, in the police district of 
Well in grove, and situated about 140 miles N. of the township of Inverell. 

BYEON CAPE BAY {Co. Rous). At about a mile to the W. of cape Byron 
the land is low, and, taking a S.W. bend, forms a bay, in which coasters and small 
vessels may find shelter from the N.W., S., and S.E. gales, in from 4 to 5 fathoms, 
and in some measure apparently protected from E. gales by a ledge of rocks extending 
about half a mile to the N. from the cape. There is a continuation of the same reef 
along shore to the W. , about a mile, between the extremity of which and the bight of 
the bay, is probably still more secure anchorage for small vessels, in 3 or 4 fathoms ; 
but it being necessary to approach within a short distance of the shore to get inside 
the end of the reef, it may not always be prudent to attempt it when blowing hard 
from seaward, as there is often a heavy swell, even with S. winds. At about N. N. W. 
f, W. 1^ mdes from cape Byron, are three rocks above water, with depths from 12 to 
15 fathoms to the N. , W. , and S. of them. Between these rocks and the main land 
large vessels may find good anchorage in 7 fathoms, sheltered from all off-shore gales. 

BYEON CAPE {Co. Rous) is a rocky promontory, being the easternmost point 
of Australia, and a small but high, steep head, projecting about 2 miles from the low 
land, and visible from 24 to 27 miles. Proceeding along the coast from the N. or S. it 
makes like an island. The position of the cape is in lat. 28° 38' S. , and long. 153° 38' E. , 
and a depth of 30 fathoms will be found 4 miles off it. It is situated in the district 
of Clarence river, and was named by Captain Cook. It may be known by a 
remarkable sharp-peaked mountain, with three points at the top, which lies inland, 
and bears from it N.W. by W. 

BYEON CREEK {New England district) is a small W. tributary of the Macintyre 
river, flowing through the fertile Byron plains, on the W. bank of that river. The 
geological formation is schistose granite, containing segregated cpiartzose veins and 
veins of steatite. 

BYEON PLAINS {Co. Arrawatta) is the name given to a tract of good pastoral 



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[Bye, — Cad 



land lying to the N.\V. of the township of Byron, and on the W. bank of the Macin- 
tyre river. Schistose granite, containing segregated quartzose veins and veins of 
steatite, overlaid by deep alluvial deposit. 

BYRON PLAINS STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Mclntyre, 
Mary ; estimated area, 15,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £285 12s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £350. 

BYRON MOUNT ( Co. Murray) is a lofty peak in the rugged ranges lying to the 
W. of lake George, and on the E. bank of McLaughlin's creek. Metaniorphic slate, 
mica, chlorite, and talc. 

CABBAGrE TREE BAY (Co. Cumberland) is a fine open bight on the coast, 
having a shallow sandy beach, and fully exposed to the heavy ground swell of the 
ocean. It lies between the high rocky cliffs about a mile to the N. of the North head 
and the Curl- Curl head. The S. part of the bay is sheltered by a spur of rocky land, 
and is available for boats. The beach is a favourite lounging place for the residents 
and visitors to Brighton or Manly, and at its N. end targets are erected for rifle- 
shooting. 

CABBAGrE TREE {Co. Durham) is a small agricultural settlement, lying about 

9 miles N. of Raymond terrace. Sandstone and shale. 

CABBAGE TREE HARBOUR (Co. Northumberland) is an open sandy bight, 
lying between Bungaree head on the S. , and the Pier head on the N. , and between 
the openings to the Tuggerah beach lake and lake Macquarie. 

CABBAGE TREE ISLAND and PROVIDENCE BAY (Co. Durham). Off the 
entrance to Port Stephens there are 3 islands : the northernmost and largest, named 
Cabbage Tree island, lies at about a mile to the N.E. of Yacaaba head, and shelters 
Providence bay, the anchorage within it where vessels may ride securely during a 
S. or W. wind. The anchorage, however, in Fly-road, between Loomeree head and 
Stephen's point is more convenient and safe should the wind veer to the E. , as the port 
is under their lee. The other 2 islands are bare rocks, the S. and largest of which is 
called by the natives Boondelbah. 

CABRAMATTA, 34° 57' S. lat., 150° 48' E. long. (Co. Cumberland), is a small 
township in the parish of the same name, electoral district of the Nepean and police 
district of Penrith. It is situated on the South creek, at its upper end, 2 miles E. of 
Bringelly, and 11 miles W. of Liverpool, on the road between the two places. There 
is no communication except by horse or dray, the means of reaching Sydney being 
from the latter place by rail, and the distance 46 miles. The district is chiefly an 
agricultural one, the land being taken up by dairy farms, freehold and leasehold- 
There is a brick-built Church of England, and a wooden denominational school house 
in the township. The surrounding country is undulating and well grassed and tim- 
bered. The population is small and scattered. Wianamatta shales. 

Cabramatta is also a parish in the county of Cumberland ; and one of the original 
districts of the county ; bounded on the N. E. side by the Prospect creek, on the S. 
side by George's river and Cabramatta creek to the Cowpasture-road ; thence by that 
and the Bringelly-road to the S. creek ; and on the N. side by an E. line, being No. 3 
government allotments. The district is well timbered with large and valuable trees, 
which are largely used for building and other purposes. 

CABRAMATTA CREEK (Co. Cumberland) is a small W. tributary of George's 
creek, rising near the village of Cabramatta. Silurian. 

CABRILLA OUTER STATION (Albert district); occupiers, Jamison, H. and 
B. ; area, 64, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges uncertain. 

CABRILLA, W., No. 3 STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, Jamison, H, and 
B. ; area, 39,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

CACOPARRA N., STATION (Lachlan district); occupier, Wall, Charles; 
area, 40,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

GADDIGAL CREEK (Co. Wallace) is a small S. tributary of the Murrumbidgee 
river, flowing in the Dry Plain past the W. of Bolairo hill, and watering a patch of 
good agricultural land, 640 acres of which is occupied by J. Shanley. Granitic. 

CADELL is a county in the pastoral district of Murrumbidgee, containing 1918 



Cad] The Neiv South W ales Gazetteer. Ill 



-acres of alienated land, and 493,552 acres of unalienated. Its present boundaries, 
however, are open to modification. 

CADGEE STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Byrne, Charles ; area, 13,440 
acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. Charges, £38 2s. 6d. 

CADIA, 33° 28' S. lat., 149° 2' E. long. [Co. Bathurst), is a private postal township 
in the parish of Waldegrave, and electoral and police districts of Orange. It is situated 
on the Cadiangullong rivulet (locally called the Oaky creek), and on an E. spur of the 
Canobolas mountains, the watershed draining into the Belubula river. The Cadian- 
gullong Consolidated Copper company have extensive workings in the neighbourhood, 
which employ a large number of hands. A considerable portion of the land in the 
district is highly fit for cultivation, the only obstacle being the heavy timber growing 
upon it. A good poor man's diggings has been in existence for about three years, on 
Flyer's or Errowinbang creek, about 5 miles S.E. of the township. The nearest 
places are Orange, 12 miles JST. by a bridle track, or 15 miles by dray road ; Carcoar, 
16 miles S. ; and Bathurst. 34 miles E. With these places there is communication by 
horse only, the road to Orange and Carcoar being over boggy creeks and heavy side- 
lings, and that road being frequently altered by free selectors placing fences across the 
track. The road to Bathurst is, however, a surveyed one. With Sydney, 168 miles, 
the communication is either by way of Orange, the nearest telegraph station, thence by 
coach, via Bathurst, to Penrith, and thence by rail ; or to Bathurst direct, the route 
by the latter way being 154 miles. There is no hospital in Cadia, but there is a 
resident medical man, and the greater portion of the population being employed by 
the copper mining company, pay a weekly subscription, which entitles them to 
gratuitous medical assistance when needed. There is 1 hotel in the township. 
Cadia being the private property of the Cadiangullong Mining Company, all residents 
are subject to the control of the board of directors of that company, who have, as 
yet, granted no definite leases, or disposed of allotments in the township to any of the 
business residents. There are at present 4 general stores, a post office, and other 
shops usually found in small towns. The nearest local court is at Orange. The 
surrounding country is moantainous, with some extensive table lands of fine rich soil. 
Towards Carcoar it rapidly falls into an undulating country. The geological forma- 
tion is of primary rock, overlaid by alluvial deposit. The population numbers about 
600 persons. The following is the latest report of the mines at Cadia : — " Since our 
last notice of the Cadiangullong copper mines, very important progress has been 
made, the prospects of the company being now very encouraging. Upon the 1ST. lode 
the adit has been extended, and the lode in the end is large and orey. Revena's, 
or the engine shaft, has been sunk 12 fathoms below the adit level, and levels are 
being drawn E. and W. on the course of the lode struck, which is over 6 feet wide, 
easy to quarry, and yields fine pale yellow ore. It has been decided to sink at once 
upon this lode another 12 fathoms, and it is confidently believed that at this depth 
some good discovery will be made, as the lode has improved from the surface down- 
wards. The lode in the various slopes in this section of the mine are, generally 
speaking, producing ores throughout the greater portion of them, and the lode 
ranges from 6 to 10 feet wide, which augers well for the yield in the next leads. On 
the S. lode, the erection of the large engine, with the pumping, crushing, and dressing- 
machinery, has been completed. This is one of the largest and finest pieces of 
machinery out of Sydney, the building enclosing it being substantially erected of 
stone. The engine shaft on the S. side is now being sunk deeper ; it is 4 fathoms 
below the 16 fathom level, and though not so productive as it has been, there are 
indications of an early improvement. The whole of the stopes in this part of the 
mine are more or less yielding ore ; indeed this may be said of every portion of the 
mine. The smelting works are in full operation, giving full work to another furnace 
that has been recently completed. The company have about 90 tons of fine copper 
on the road to Sydney and at the mines ; and it is calculated that the rise in the 
price of copper will make a difference close upon £4000 on the copper held by the 
company in the colony or on its way to England." 

CADXANG-ULLOHG BIVULET {Co. Bathurst) is a N. tributary of the Belu- 
bula creek, rising in the S. of the Canobolas cluster of hills, and flowing S. about 20 
miles through rough scrubby country, much of which is taken up for agricultural and 
pastoral purposes. Lower silurian, with alluvial deposit. 

CAD0W STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Jones, Edward; area, 19,840 



112 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



[Cad — Cal 



acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old charges were £50 ; the recently- 
appraised rental is £125. 

CADOW EXTENDED STATION" (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Jones, Edward ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

CADOW LITTLE STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Jones, Edward ; area, 
1 6, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Condobolin. Charges, £34 5s. 

CAGELLXC0 STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Bagot, Christopher ; area, 
24, 320 acres ; grazing capability, 760 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

CAGXLD0QL STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Single, Joseph ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

CAGXLDRY BACK E. STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Sloman, 
Thomas M. ; area, 32,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£35 Is. 

CAXDMURRY STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupiers, Cooper, Joseph and 
Theophilus; area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 1600 head of cattle. Charges, 
£100. 

CAXDMURRY, E. BLOCK STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupiers, Cooper, 
Joseph and Theophilus ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1600 head of cattle. 
Charges, £32. 

CAXDMURRY, E. BLOCK 2, STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupiers, Cooper, 
Joseph and Theophilus ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. 
Charges, £32. 

CAXDMURRY, E. BLOCK 3, STATION ( Gwydir district) ; occupiers, Cooper, 
Joseph and T. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1600 of cattle. Charges, 
£32 10s. 

CAXDMURRY, E. BLOCK, 4 STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupiers, Cooper, 
Joseph and T. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

CAXGAIT STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Brown, Andrew ; estimated 
area, 26,000 acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. The old charges were £50 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £80. 

CAXIT STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Suttor, W. H. ; area, 26,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. The old charges were £112 ; the recently 
appraised rental is £133. 

CAIRA is a county in the pastoral district of Murrumbidgee, containing 600 
acres of alienated land, but its present boundaries are open to modification. 

CAIRNCRGSS MOUNT (Co. Macquarie) is a point in the Hasting's range, 
lying between the Hastings and Wilson's river, and about 20 miles E.N. E. of Port 
Macquarie. Sandstone. 

CARRA CREEK STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Paterson, John 
and A. B. ; area, 6000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental, £40. 

CALABASH STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Kelly and Parkman ; 
area, 19,840 acres ; grazing capability, 7000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £120. 

CALATH0RA CREEK ( Co. Jamison, Liverpool plains district) is a small drain- 
age creek, flowing S.W. into the Namoi river, and crossing the Narrabri and Moree 
road, about twenty miles N. of the former place. Granite with alluvial deposit. 

CALATINE STATION ; occupier, Chapman, Ann ; area, 11,520 acres ; grazing 
capability, 600 head of cattle. Charges, £10. 

CALC00 STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Smith, Joseph ; area, 30,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

CALEGEN CREEK (Co. Townsend). See Coligon Ceeek. 

C ALE WATT A RIVER, (Warrego, Albert, and Darling districts) one of the 
native names of the river Darling, which see. 



Cal — Cam] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



113 



CALEY'S REPULSE ( Co. Cook) is a place on the Blue mountains, where the 
explorer Caley turned back disheartened at his failure in crossing the range. It is 
marked by a cairn of stones, which he erected at the place. 

CALLAGHAN SWAMP STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Loder, 
George; area, 81,600 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. The old charges were 
£203 ; new appraisement, £204. 

CALLAGHAN STATION" {Clarence district) ; occupier, Smith, Harry ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £55. 

CALLERIN0I STATION (Bligh district) ; occupiers, Parbury and Lamb ; area, 
15,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1280 head of cattle. Charges, £80. 

CALLYAGAID00NA MOUNT {Co. Bulla). See Mount Clanie. 

CALTIGEMA STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Smith, Joseph ; area, 
30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

CALOOLA, 33° 32' S. lat., 149° 35' E. long. {Co. Bathurst), is a postal hamlet in 
the parish of Lowry, electoral district of W. Macquarie, and police district of 
Bathurst. It is situated on the Caloola creek, 140 miles W. from Sydney, on the 
main line of road between Bathurst, Tuena, and Goulburn. The nearest towns are 
Bathurst, 18 miles N.E., and Tuena, 42 miles S., on the Goulburn road, the Three 
Brothers mountains being situated about 5 miles S.W. from the town, and being the 
highest in the district. There is no regular means of conveyance to any of the 
places named, and with Sydney the communication is by horse or dray to Bathurst, 
thence by Cobb's coach to Penrith, and thence by rail. There is a post office and 
store and hotel, the Three Brothers, in the hamlet. The surrounding country is 
mountainous, lightly grassed, and heavily timbered. Agricultural and pastoral 
pursuits are followed in the neighbourhood, and alluvial gold mining is also carried on 
in the district, particularly in the Caloola, Brown's, and Back creeks, to the E. ; 
there are however, but few miners working on those diggings at present. The 
geological formation is granite, slate, and limestone. The population numbers about 
150 persons, including those on the surrounding farms. 

CALOOLA CREEK {Co. Bathurst) is the W. head of the Queen Charlotte Yale 
creek, rising in the rugged and scrubby mountain range known as the Three Brothers, 
and flowing N.W. through tolerably good agricultural and pastoral country, much of 
which is taken up by settlers. Upper and middle pakeozoic. 

CAL0RE MOUNT {Co. Northumberland) is a peak in the Hunter range of 
mountains, lying in the parish of Moruben, on the E. bank of the Macdonald river, 
and about 18 miles S.E. of "VVollundi. Sandstone. 

CALYTRIA BLOCK (C) STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Ligar and 
Brown; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £13. 

CALYTRIA BLOCK (D) STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Ligar and 
Brown; area, £32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £13. 

CALYTRIA BLOCK (E) STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Ligar and 
Brown; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Condobolin. Charges, £13. 

CALYTRIA BLOCK (F) STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Ligar and 
Brown ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, uncertain. Charges, £10. 

CAH&ARA MOUNT {Co. Raleigh) is a triple-peaked mountain at the head of the 
Mulla-Mulla creek, and on the road from Kempsey to Grafton, about 40 miles N.W. 
of the former place. Sandstone and limestone. 

CAMB ALONG CREEK {Co. Welle sley) is a K tributary of the Bombala river, 
rising in mount Cooper, and flowing in a general S. direction for about 30 miles. It 
is fed by the Cowbed, Native Dog, and Needle creeks. Granite and trap rock, with 
quartz-bearing slate. 

CAMBALONG STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Campbell, Ronald ; area, 
6400 acres ; grazing capability, 2500 sheep. Charges, £55. 

CAMBED0RE STATION (Albert district); occupier, Glass, Hugh; area, 
32,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 
I 



114 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



[Cam 



CAMBERWELL, 32° 30' S. lat., 151° 9' E. long. {Co. Durham), is a small 
government village in the parish of Camberwell and electoral and police districts of 
Patrick's plains. It is situated about 2 miles from the junction of the Falbrook and 
the Hunter river, on the great Northern road, 1^ mile from the great Northern rail- 
way, and the same distance from the Foybrook. The district is chiefly pastoral, agri- 
culture being but little attended to, for, although much of the land is well adapted 
for cultivation — that on the banks of the creeks in particular, which consists of deep 
rich alluvial soil — the back country is mountainous, thickly scrubbed and heavily 
timbered, besides which the land is principally in the hands of large holders, who 
prefer using it for pastoral purposes ; enough corn, and other kinds of produce are, 
however, grown for local consumption. There are several coal seams in the neighbour- 
hood, but the great distance from the sea prevents their being of much value. They are, 
however, sufficiently worked to supply the neighbourhood. The nearest places are 
Singleton, the next telegraph station, 7 miles S. E. ; Musclebrook, 20 miles N. W. ; 
Jerry's plains, 11 miles W. ; and Warkworth, 7 miles S. With these places there is 
communication by coach, and with Sydney by rail from Singleton to Newcastle, and 
thence by steamer. There are 2 hotels in the town, the Camberwell and the Post 
Office. The population numbers about 100 persons. Carbonaceous sandstone. 

CAMBEWARRA {Co. Camden). See Good Dog. 

CAMBEWARRA (or Good Dog) RANGE {Co. Camden) is a chain of hills form- 
ing the E. edge of the table land which runs inland from the N. of the lower end of the 
Shoalhaven river. It is covered with heavy timber and thick scrub, and is the source 
of the Kangaroo river and several small creeks, the principal of which is Broughton's 
creek. It forms the S. part of the Illawarra range. The geological formation consists 
of carbonaceous sandstone, through which recent igneous rocks have broken in 
dykes and prismatic masses. 

CAMBIGINGI STATION {Darling district)-, occupier, Suttor, J.B.; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £50 10s. 

CAMB9-CAMB0 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, Bagot, C. J. and J. C. ; 
estimated area, 51,200 acres; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £60 ; the recently appraised rental is £100. 

CAMDEN", 34° 4' S. lat., 150° 17' E. long. {Co. Camden), is an important postal 
village in the parish of Camden, and electoral and police districts of Camden. It is 
situated on the S.E. bank of the Nepean river, and lies about 4 miles N. of the 
E,azorback range of mountains. It contains two steam flour mills, together with 
others, and a windmill in the surrounding district, which is an agricultural and pas- 
toral one. The nearest places are Narellan, 4 miles distant N. E. , on the great S. 
road, and Riversford, a hamlet at the Menangle railway station, 5 miles S.W. To 
the former place Cobb's coach and "a van runs, en route to Campbelltown, and there is 
an excellent cross road to Riversford, but no regular conveyance. With Sydney the 
communication is by Cobb's coach, a van to the Campbelltown station, distant 6 miles 
E. , and thence by rail 35 miles, the total distance being 41 miles. Camden has a post 
office, a court house, a Church of England, Roman Catholic Church, and Presbyterian, 
Wesleyan, and Methodist chapels, a national and a Church of England school, and 3 
hotels, the Camden, Woolpack, and Crown. There are no regular carrying offices ; 
but contracts for the conveyance of goods in any quantity, and to any distance, are 
taken by Messrs. Thompson, Herbert, and others. It has a Bible Society, and 
branches of the Colonial Life Assurance company, Sydney Insurance company, Liver- 
pool and London and Globe Insurance company, and Australian Mutual Provident 
society. There is a masonic lodge in the township (lodge Southern Cross, No. 774 
E. C. ) The features of the surrounding country are remarkably pleasing, and it is 
considered much to resemble some of the finest parts of England. It is gently undu- 
lating, beautifully grassed, has a splendid soil, and is delightfully verdant, and dotted 
with forests of good timber. Agriculture is extensively followed in the district, and 
there are fine nursery gardens at Camden park, Camden, Elderslie, and Riversford, 
whence immense quantities of trees, shrubs, and plants are despatched during the 
season. The vineyards of Camden park, Wivenhoe, Maryland, Kirkham, and Macquarie 
grove are kept in a high state of cultivation, and yield superior wine. The large estate of 
Camden park (Macarthur's) surrounds the village, and the drive then through the home- 
stead to Riversford is one of the most beautiful in the colony. The course of the road has 



Cam] 



115 



been well chosen to bring out all the natural beauties of the neighbourhood, and many 
of the views are of the most surpassing and tranquil loveliness ; several line lagoony 
.are passed, which are jealously preserved, and abound with every description of 
wild fowl, and, as Riversford is approached, an extensive view of the great 
Southern railway is obtained, with the whole of the Menangle viaduct and high 
level bridge. There are many handsome seats round Camden ; Wivenhoe (the Hon. 
Charles Cowper's) ; Kirkham, Brownlow Hill, Maryland, Oram Park, Harrington 
Park, and Gledewood. Much of the land in the locality is taken up in agricultural 
farms, chiefly for dairy purposes, which are generally rich and productive. The geo- 
logical formation of the country is chiefly carbonaceous sandstone, with deep alluvial 
deposit. The population numbers about 700 persons. 

The Camden electoral district embraces the W. portion of the county of Camden, 
a N.E. portion of the county of Westmoreland, and a S.E. portion of the county or 
Cook ; and is bounded on the N. , from the confluence of the Nepean and Warra- 
gamba rivers, by the range forming the N. watershed of the Warragamba and Cox's 
rivers, and a line bearing W. to Jamison's Valley creek, at a point 4 miles above its 
confluence with Cox's river, by Jamison's Valley creek to Cox's river, and by Cox's 
river, upward, to the confluence of Kowmung river ; on the W. by Kowmung river, 
upward, to the nearest source to mount Collong, by a line to that mountain, by the 
range thence to mount Murruin, and thence by Murruin or Settler's creek to the 
"Wollondilly river, by that river, upward, to the confluence of Paddy's river, by that 
river, upward, to the confluence of Uringalla creek, by that creek, upward, and by 
a line thence, bearing S. W. , to the source of Barber's creek, and by that creek to 
its confluence with the Shoalhaven river ; on the S. by that river, downward, to the 
confluence of the Kangaroo river, and by that river to its middle source in the 
Illawarra range ; and on the E. by that range, N. , to mount Murry, and by a line 
thence to the confluence of Cordeaux Creek with the Cordeaux river, thence by a line 
"bearing N. to Wallandoola creek, by that creek, downward, to the Cataract river, by 
that river, downward, to the Nepean river, and by the Nepean river, downward, 
to the Warragamba river, aioresaid. The electorate comprises the town and country 
districts of Picton, Camden, and Berrima, and returns 2 members to the Legislative 
Assembly, the present representatives being J. Morrice and R. H. Roberts, Esqrs. 
The number of registered electors in this district is 2669, of whom 1542 voted at 
the last general election, 1864-1865. 

The police district of Camden, Narellan, and Picton, embraces the N.W. portion 
of the county of Camden, a N.E. portion of the county of Westmoreland, a S.E. 
portion of the county of Cook, and a S.W. portion of the county of Cumberland; 
and is bounded on the N. by the Bringelly road from Carne's hill, on the Cowpasture 
road to Bringelly creek, and by that creek to the Nepean river, by that river, 
downward, to the confluence of the Warragamba river, thence by the range forming 
the N. watershed of the Warragamba and Cox's rivers, and by a line bearing W. to 
Jamison's Valley creek, at a point 4 miles above its confluence with Cox's river, by 
Jamison's Valley creek to Cox's river, and by Cox's river, upward, to the confluence 
of Kowmung river ; on the W. by Kowmung river, upward, to the nearest source to 
mount Collong, and by a line to that mountain, and by the range thence to mount 
Murruin, thence on the S. by Murruin or Settler's creek to the Wollondilly river, 
by that river, downward, to a point in a line between mounts Collong and Jellore, 
and thence by a line bearing S.E. to mount Jellore, thence by a line bearing N.E. to 
Lupton's inn, aud thence by a line bearing N.E. to the confluence of Cordeaux river 
and Cordeaux creek ; and on the E. by a line bearing N. from that confluence to 
Wallandoola creek, by that creek, downward, to the Cataract river, by that river, 
downward, to the Nepean river, and by the Nepean river, downward, to the crossing- 
place at the N.W. corner of R. Chapman's 40 acres, in the parish of Narellan, thenea 
from that crossing-place by a line, N., to the stone quarry on W. Howe's Glenlea 
estate, and by a range of rjg&lls to Badgelly hill, thence by the range dividing the 
Nepean and George's rivers to the S. boundary of the parish of Minto, at the cross 
road connecting the Cowpasture and Campbelltown roads, by that cross road to the 
Cowpasture road, and thence by the Cowpasture road, N., to Carne's hill, aforesaid. 
The places of petty sessions are Camden and Picton. 

CAMDEN COUNTY is bounded on the N. by a line bearing W. 20° N. from 
Bulli, on the sea coast, to the head of the Cataract river, thence by that river and 
the Nepean to its junction with the Wollondilly (there called Warragamba) ; on the 



116 The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Cam 



W. by the river WoUondilly to the junction of the Uringally (commonly called 
Paddy's) river, and by the Uringally and Barber's creek, forming the boundary 
between Camden and Argyle, to the Shoalhaven river ; on the S. by the Shoalhaven 
river to the sea coast, which is the E. boundary. This county, in point of quality 
of soil, is very superior ; it contains 1,400,320 acres, being 70 miles in length from 
N. to S. , and 45 in breadth from E. to W. This is the largest grain-producing county 
in the colony, and the quantity of butter received weekly from the E. portion 
(Ulawarra) exceeds £1000 worth. The principal towns are Camden, Wollongong, and 
Berrima. The celebrated Fitzroy iron mines are near the latter township, and are 
of great importance. Camden contains 11,42S acres of unsold church and school land. 
The number of freehold landholders in this county is 973, and of leaseholders 1367. 
The extent of land in cultivation is 29,7511 acres: under wheat there are 9121 \ 
acres ; under maize, 77754 acres ; under barley, 1130§ acres ; under oats, 25074 
acres ; under tobacco, \ of an acre ; and under vines. 47 A acres. The popidation of 
the county numbers 22,734. 

CAMDEN HA VEX (Co. Macquarie) is a beautiful bay or inlet from the ocean, 
the entrance lying about 20 miles S. of port Macquarie. It consists of two separate 
lakes, or lagoons, the one to the W. being called Queen's lake, and that to the S. 
Watson Taylor's lake. The name of Camden haven was given by Oxley, who dis- 
covered it on his second journey, whilst ma kin g for Sydney after the discovery of 
port Macquarie, and who named it after Lord Camden. The surrounding country is 
generally good land, much of it being available for agriculture. This haven is close 
to the X. of the point stretching oat from North Brothers hill ; its entrance is very 
shoal, like most of the other openings about this part of the coast, and impracticable 
for small vessels. From Camden haven the low sand}- shore trends N. by E. \ E. 
about 14 miles to Tacking point, the summit of which is composed of small irregular- 
shaped hummocks, the northernmost being a rocky lump, of sugar loaf form ; thence a 
more elevated and steep coast, skirted by rocks, trends to the N.N.W. 7 miles to Port 
Macquarie. Sandstone. 

CAMDEN VALLEY STATION (Clarence district) ; occupiers, Griffiths and 
Fanning ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

CAMERA HILL [Co. Cumberland) is a high hill, in the parish of Manly, and 
village of Brighton (Manly beach), so called because of a camera tower having been 
erected on its summit. It is covered with eucalyptus and banksia scrub, and from it 
can be obtained a fine view of Sydney and the harbour. Sandstone. 

CAMERON CREEK [New England district) is a small S. tributary of the Severn 
river, rising in the X. of the Waterloo plains, and flowing ZS. about 12 miles through 
good land, much of which is suitable for cultivation, and some of which has been taken 
up. The geological formation is granitic. 

CAMERON'S CBEEK (Co. Hardinge, New England district) is a W. tributary of 
the upper end of the Gwyclir river, rising in the X. slope of mount Lowry, and fiowing 
is.E. across the "Bendemeer and Inverell road, about 16 miles. It runs through rugged 
and generally auriferous country, the geological formation of which is hornblendic 
granite, the gold usually being found in the detritus of the granite, under large boulder- 
like masses. 

CAMIRA STATION {Clarence district) ■ occupier, Bait, Henry; area, 38,400 
acres; grazing capability, 3000 head of cattle. Charges, £235 12s. 6d. 

CAMP AD ORE, BACK OF, STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Glass, 
Hugh ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 610 head of cattle. Old charges, 
£32 ; new appraisements, £45. 

CAMPBELL CREEK [Albert district) is a stream rising in the Barrier range, 
and flowing in a W. direction. 

CAMPBELL'S RIVER [Cos. Bathurst and Westmoreland) is the W. heal of 
the Macquarie river. It rises in the W. slope of the Australian Alps, near Swatch- 
field, at which place it is crossed by the road from Bathurst to Ooulburn, and flows 
in a general N. direction past the W. foot of Bushranger's hill, and the E. foot of 
mount Evernden, to its confluence with the Fish river, the two forming the Mac- 
quarie. The upper part of Campbell's river is in rough and scrubby country, but as it 



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flows onward to the N. the forest disappears, and the country becomes level, 
embracing nothing but grassy plains, undulating in all directions. The river has 
high banks and a broad bed, and in its numerous reaches and pools immense numbers 
of the platypus are found. The soil on both sides is rich, and the grass luxuriant, 
much of the land being now taken up for agricultural purposes. The Campbell is fed 
by the Gilmandyke, Pepper, Davy's, and Stony creeks. At the lower end of the 
river, and on the W. side, lies a large tract of land reserved as church and school 
property. The geological formation is sandstone, limestone, and clayey shale. 

CAMPBELL'S CREEK (Co. Durham) is a small tributary of the head of the 
Goorangoola creek. Sandstone and clay shale. 

CAMPBELL'S CREEK (Co. Wellington) is a small mining hamlet, in the electoral 
district of Wellington. It is situated on the creek whence it derives its name, and forms 
part of the Louisa creek diggings. The district is essentially an alluvial mining one, 
operations being carried on by puddling. The communication with Sydney is via 
Mudgee (the nearest telegraph station) by Cobb's coach to Penrith, and thence by rail. 
The surrounding country is hilly and auriferous. The population is included in that 
of Long creek. 

CAMPBELL'S (or Jugiong) CREEK {Co. Wellington) is an auriferous S. tribu- 
tary of the upper part of the Meroo creek, rising in the W. of mount Beroble, and 
flowing N.W. into the main stream at the township of Windeyer. It is fed by the 
Burraba (or Long) creek. Campbell's creek flows in a valley between two ranges of 
hills, and has a few patches of agricultural land at various places upon it. The geo- 
logical formation is micaceous schist and shaly slate, with quartz ridges, and occasional 
dykes of trappean rock. 

CAMPBELLTOWN, 34° 5' S. lat., 150° 49' E. long. {Co. Cumberland), is a postal 
township and railway station, on the great Southern line, in the parish of St. Peter, 
electoral district of Narellan, and police district of Campbelltown. It is situated on 
the Bunbury Curran creek, 2^ miles from George's river, or Bowen-Bowen creek, and 
\\ mile S. of Badgally hill, the only mountain of any magnitude in the neighbourhood. 
'There are 2 flour mills in the town, only one of them is, however, at work, and a coal 
mine (Stan well park) un worked. There are two reservoirs for the use of the in- 
habitants, one a cattle tank. The station is a good roomy one, with large cattle and 
goods sheds. It was for a long time the terminus of the railway, which is now being 
extended into the southern districts. The surrounding country is hilly and undulating, 
the scenery is picturesque, and the agricultural and pastoral interests are both re- 
presented in the locality. The geological formation is granitic, with good alluvial soil 
overlying it. The nearest places are Narellan, 4 miles, and Appin, 10 miles S.W. distant. 
With both places there is communication by coach, and with Sydney, 34 miles, by rail. 
There is a court house, goad, post and money-order oihce, telegraph office, and churches 
belonging to the Church of England, Roman Catholic, Presbyterian and Congregational 
denominations. A court of quarter sessions is held thrice a year, a court of petty 
sessions every Saturday, and a district court thrice a year. The hotels are the Royal, 
Forbes, Railway, Butcher's Arms, Jolly Miller, Joiners' Arms, and Cumberland. 
Campbelltown is under the control of a road trust, including the parish of St. Peter's. 
Campbelltown has a Bible society, and branches of the Sydney Insurance company, 
Northern Fire and Life Insurance company, Liverpool and London and Globe Insurance 
company. The population numbers about 950 persons. Sandstone and shale. 

The police district of Campbelltown embraces part of the S.E. portion of the 
county of Cumberland ; and is bounded on the N. from Wattamolla, on the sea 
coast, by a line bearing N.W. to the N. boundary of John Lucas' grant on Woronora 
creek; thence by a line, W., crossing Deadman's creek, to the S.E. corner of the 
parish of Minto, by the S. boundary of that parish, W., to the Campbelltown road, 
and by the cross road connecting the Campbelltown and Cowpasture roads, to the 
range dividing the Nepean and George's rivers ; on the W. by that range to Badgelly 
hill, and by a range of hills to the stone quarry near the Nepean river on W. Howe's 
Glenlee estate, thence by a line bearing S. to the crossing-place on the Nepean river, 
at the N.W. corner of R. Chapman's 40 acres, in the parish of Narellan, and thence 
by the Nepean river, upwards, to the confluence of the Cataract river ; on the S. by 
that river, upwards, to the confluence of Cataract creek, and thence by a line, E., to 
-the Coal cliff ; and on the E. by the sea to Wattamolla, aforesaid. The place of petty 
sessions is Campbelltown. 



118 



CAMPBELLTOWN (Co. Cumberland) is a hundred in the county named,, 
comprising the parishes of Appin, Menangle, St. Peter, and Narrellan. 

CAMP COVE (Co. Cumberland) is a small sandy bight in the inside of the- 
inner S. head of port Jackson, about a quarter of a mile S.S.W. of the point. It is 
a favourite place of resort for picnic and fishing parties, lying about a quarter of a 
mile N. of the village of Watson's bay. There is a small building for the use of the 
Port Jackson pilots on this cove. Sandstone. 

CAMP CHEEK (Co. Georgiana) is a small E. tributary of the Copperhannia 
creek, rising near the road from Rockley to Bombah, about 5 miles N. of the latter 
place. 

CAMPERDOWN, 33° 54' S. lat., 151° 7 E. long. (Co. Cumberland), is a. 
municipality and postal township in the parish of Petersham, and electoral district of 
Newtown, distant from Sydney 2^ miles, S.W., on the Parramatta and Cook's river 
roads. It is situated on Johnson's and Orphan school creeks. The following 
manufactories are within the municipality of Camperdown : — 2 drain pipe and 
pottery ware works, one (E. Fowler's) the largest in the colony, and the other, a 
smaller one, for the manufacture of garden pots, &c. (G. McArthur's) ; a large soap 
and candle factory (0. J. Carahers) ; and a coach factory (J. Bennett's) ; there are 
also 2 tanneries (Lynch's, and Doogan's), and 4 large brickyards, worked respec- 
tively by Messrs. Doyle, Hill, Lemon, and Croft, for the manufacture of bricks, 
tiles, and ornamental bricks. The flourishing suburb of Newtown, adjoins 
Camperdown on the S.E., and Sydney, lies 2| miles N.E. from the centre of the 
township, along the Parramatta road. The communication is by omnibuses, which 
run every hour. The hotels are the Bed Lion, Governor Bourke, Captain Cook,, 
Honest Irishman, and Hampshire. Within the municipality are the Sydney 
University and Affiliated colleges, the Church of England college of St. Paul, and 
the Roman Catholic college of St. John, and National and Denominational (R. C. ) 
schools. The surrounding country is undulating, and the geological formation is 
chiefly sandstone. The municipality of Camperdown was proclaimed on the 13th 
November, 1862, and on the 5th May a rate of Is. in the £ was struck ; and many 
improvements and useful works have been, and are going on under the control of the 
municipal council. 

CAMP HOLE, on BOBUR D ANELL C. STATION (Wellington district) ; 
occupier, Martel, Florent ; area, 10,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. 
Charges, £50 10s. 

CAMPSIE (Co. Durham) is a small agricultural village, lying on the N. bank of 
the Allyn river, near Tory brim estate, about 8 miles N. of the township of Paterson. 
It contains 1 store and a school, and has a small population engaged in agricultural 
pursuits, chieliy the cultivation of maize, wheat, and potatoes. Sandstone. 

CAHANGLE CREEK (Co. Ashburnham) is a small N. tributary of the Belubula 
river, rising in the rugged country S. of the Canobolas mountains,, and flowing S. E. 
about 1.2 miles. 

CANBERRA (or Limestone Plains), 35° 22' &. lat., 149° 9' E. long. - (Co. 
Murray), is a postal township in the electoral and police districts of Queanbeyan. It 
is situated on the Molonglo river, near the junction of the Jerrabomberra creek, and 
near the detached hill called mount Ainslie, which rises 500 feet above the level of the 
surrounding plain. There is a windmill for the manufacture of flour in Canberra, the 
district being an agricultural and pastoral one. No diggings have been opened as yet, 
although the entire district is supposed to be highly auriferous. The nearest township 
is Queanbeyan, 10 miles distant E., the communication being by mail coach twice a 
week. With Sydney, 210 miles N.E., the communication is also by mail coach twice 
a week. There are no hotels in the township, which has a post office, centrally 
situated, a denominational school, and a very handsome church and cemetery, built 
and endowed by the late R . Campbell, Esq. , sen. The surrounding country consists 
of large undulating plains, surrounded by high hills. The plains are about 2000 feet 
above the level of the sea, and are nearly all under cultivation. The geological for- 
mation is generally lower silurian, with occasional limestone ridges. The population, 
scattered over the surrounding farms, numbers about 200 persons. A large proportion 
of the district is included in the estate of Duntroon, the seat of George Campbell, Esq; 



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CANDELO {Co. Auckland) is a newly surveyed agricultural township in the 
parish of Candelo, and electoral and police districts of Eden, lying on the Candelo 
creek, about 12 miles S.W. of the township of Bega. The communication is by horse 
and dray only. The surrounding population is scattered, and consists of small free 
selection settlers. Sandstone and trap rock. 

CANDELO CREEK [Co. Auckland) is a small S. tributary of the Bemboka 
river, lying about 12 miles S.W. of Bega. It flows through the village of Candelo, 
and has good agricultural land upon its banks. This creek has two heads, the name 
of the W. one being Tandawangalo. Trap rock. 

CANDXLLA STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Carfrae, John; area, 41,600 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle, and 6000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Perry. Charges, £90. 

CANNONBAR, 31° 20' S. lat., 147° IT E. long. {Co. Oxley), is a postal hamlet in 
the parish of Cannonbar, electoral district of the Bogan, and police district of Dubbo. 
It is situated on the Duck creek, about 26 miles above its junction with the Bogan 
river. The Gunningba creek is 5 miles distant S. , the Macquarie river about 20 
miles distant E , and the Bogan river 10 miles W. The district in which Cannonbar 
is situated is exclusively pastoral (the pastoral district of Wellington). Warren, on 
the Macquarie river, is the nearest township, and lies 40 miles S.E., a mail coach 
running to that place and to Dubbo, 112 miles S.E., once a week. Mails are despatched 
from Cannonbar to Bourke and Obley once a week on horseback, which is the only 
mode of travelling to those places. With Sydney, 330 miles S.E., the communica- 
tion is once a week by coach via Dubbo and Wellington to Penrith, and thence by 
rail. Cannonbar is not a township, although lately proclaimed a place for holding 
courts of petty sessions, and for the establishment of a public pound. It is the 
head station of the Cannonbar squatting run held under lease by Mr. John Brown, 
who has freehold property to the extent of 320 acres, upon which are situated the 
buildings constituting Cannonbar. There is a post office, and a store, and an hotel, 
the Cannonbar (Brown's), The surrounding country is flat, and consists of open 
myall and salt brush plains and box forest, the soil consisting of sand and brown 
clay. The population of Cannonbar numbers about 20 persons. 

CANNONBAR LOWER STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Ashcroft, 
J. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post 
town is Cannonbar. Old Charges, £30 14s. 8d. ; new appraisement, £70. 

CANNONBAR, W., UPPER STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Brown, 
John ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Cannonbar. Old charges, £32 10s. ; new appraisement, £60. 

C ANN'S PLAINS CREEK {Co. Parry) is a small auriferous tributary of the 
Peel river, joining it at Bowling Alley point diggings. Trap and basalt, with quartz 
and granite. 

CAN0B0LAS, THE {Cos. Wellington, Bathurst, and Ashburnham), is a group 
of lofty mountains in the Macquarie range, consisting of several peaks, known as 
Towac, Booree-noir, Gowadth, and Cowragora. The highest altitude of these moun- 
tains is 4610 feet above the level of the sea. They are exceedingly rugged and 
covered with dense scrub and heavy timber, and present a conspicuous appearance 
from the towns of Orange, Ophir, Blayney, and Carcoar. The Canobolas lie on the 
S. of the road from Orange to Molong, and give rise to the Molong, Flyers, and Bou- 
rimbla creeks, the Panuara and Cadiangullong rivulets, and numerous other smaller 
streams. Metamorphic slate and granite. There are rich beds of copper in these 
mountains, and a mine has been worked and yielded as much as 2000 tons of ore per 
annum. 

CAN0M0DXNE CREEK {Co. Ashburnham) is a small tributary of the Cargo 
creek, flowing from the S.W. of the Canobolas mountains, in a S.E. direction, about 20 
miles. Metamorphic slate and limestone. 

CANOWINDRA, 34° 36' S. lat., 149° 17' E. long. {Co. Ashburnham), is a postal 
township in the electoral district of the Bogaiij and police district of Dubbo. It is 
situated on the N. bank of the Belubula river, 10 miles N.E. from the Lachlan 
river, and 23 miles N.W. of the Canobolas mountains, where there are copper mines. 
The district is pastoral, and, to a considerable extent, agricultural. The nearest place 



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is Mogong, distant 8 miles N. The communication with Sydney is by coach from 
Cowra, 20 miles S. , to Penrith via Bathurst, and thence by rail. There are 2 hotels — 
the Oanowindra and the Traveller's Rest. The surrounding country is undulating and 
well wooded. The geological formation is metamorphic, and the population numbers 
about 120 persons. 

CANOWLY STATION [Lachlan district) ; occupier, Murray, Andrew ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 610 head of cattle. Charges, £34 10s. 

CANTEEBTJEY (Co. Cumberland) is a postal hamlet in the parish of Peter- 
sham, and electoral district of Cumberland. It is situated on Cook's river, at a dis- 
tance of 6 miles from Sydney, with which place there is communication by coach. 
There is a sugar refinery in Canterbury, not, however, at work, and 1 hotel, the 
Eising Sun. Canterbury is under the control of the St. George's road board. The 
surrounding district is undulating, and the soil very poor, and abounding in ironstone. 
Some few patches are cultivated, but the main industry is wood cutting and carting, 
and^ brickmaking. The geological formation of the district consists of pliocene 
tertiary on ferruginous sandstone. The population numbers about 250 persons. 

The Canterbury electoral district embraces a portion of the county of Cumber- 
land ; and is bounded on the N. by Port Jackson from the sea, and by the Parramatta 
river, upward, to the W. boundary of the parish of Concord ; on the W. by the 
W. boundaries of the parishes of Concord and St. George to George's river ; on the 
S. by that river and Botany bay to the sea ; and on the E. by the sea to Port 
J ackson, aforesaid ; and including all the islands in Port Jackson and the Parramatta 
river ; but excluding therefrom the electoral districts of E. and W. Sydney, Pad- 
dington, Newtown, and the Glebe. It returns two members to the legislative assembly, 
the present representatives being J. Oatley and J. Pemell, Esqs. The number of re- 
gistered electors in this district is 3524, of whom 1792 voted, at the last general election, 
1864-1865. 

CAPE BYRON {Co. Rous). See Byron Cape. 
CAPE HAWKE {Co. Gloucester). See Hawke Cape. 
CAPE HOWE (Co. Auckland). See Howe Cape. 
CAPEETEE RIVER {Co. Roxburgh). See Colo River. 

CAPOOMPETA MOUNT (Co. Drake) is the name given to a lofty peak of the 
New England range, which attains an elevation of 4730 feet above the level of the 
sea. It is thickly timbered and scrubbed, and very rugged and precipitous. It lies 
about 16 miles N.E. of Severn or Dundee. The formation is of sandstone and 
granite. 

CAPPABELLA (or Coppabella) CREEK (Co. Goulburn) is a small creek rising 
in Mane's range, near the township reserve of Cappabella, and flowing S.W., into the 
Jingellee, at Jingellee, af ter a course of about 15 miles through a rugged pastoral country. 
It is crossed by the track from Albury to Cooma and Twofold bay. It is fed by the 
Sandy Water Hole and Marara creeks. Gold has been found in several places in this 
creek. The geological formation of the country through which it flows is principally 
mica, schist, and granite. J. Robinson's 320 acre lot is on this creek, adjoining the 
township reserve. 

CAPTAIN KINGS' CREEK (Co. Westmoreland) is a small E. tributary of the 
Stony creek, flowing past the N. foot of mount Stroude. Palaeozoic. 

CAEABEAE, BACK BLOCK A STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Flood, 
Edward j area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges £31 Is. 

CAEABEAE, BACK BLOCK B STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Flood, 
Edward; area, 20,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31 Is. 

CAEABEAE STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Flood, Edward ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £32. 

CAEABOBALA STATION (Murrumbidgee district); occupier, Herriott, Elliott; 
area, 41,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £80 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £166 17s. 6d. 

CAEAB0ST CREEK (Co. Wynyard) is a small W. tributary of the Umutbee 
creek, draining the boggy country to N.E. of Billabong township. Granite and slate. 



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CARADGERY STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Bray and Palmer ; 
"estimated area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 750 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £45 3s. 2d. ; the recently appraised rental is £120. 

CARAGABEL STATION (Lachlan district); occupier, Gibson, Mrs. Alice; area, 
20, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Old charges, £50 ; new ap- 
praisements, £90. 

CARAGABEL STATION {Lachlan district); occupier, Gibson, Mrs. Alice; area, 
26, 880 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. Charges, £50. 
CAR ANGARA COPPER MINES {Co. Bathurst). See Gtjyong. 

CARANGA STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Bucknell brothers ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 10s. 

CARARA STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Hoskinson, John ; area, 
38,400 acres ; grazing capability, 1600 head of cattle. Old charges, £100 ; new 
appraisement, £230. 

CARBXN STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Flood, Edward ; area, 16,000 
-acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the recently 
appraised rental is £50. 

CARBUCKLY STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Jenkins, Richard Lewis ; 
area, 80,000 acres ; grazing capability, 5000 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£120 ; the recently appraised rental is £200. 

CARCGAR, 33° 39' S. lat., 149° IP E. long. (Go. Bathurst), is a postal township 
in the parish of Errol, and electoral and police districts of Carcoar. It is situated on 
the Belubula river, about 30 miles E. of the Lachlan river, and 3 miles from mount 
Macquarie, a high peak having snow on its summit nearly the whole of the winter 
months. There are two flour mills in Carcoar, the district being a splendid agricul- 
tural one, with tolerably good pastoral country all round. There are alluvial gold 
workings, the Three-mile diggings, in the neighbourhood. The nearest townships are 
Cowra, 34 miles S.W., and Blayney, 9 miles N.E. With these places there is regular 
communication by Cobb's line of mail coaches, and by carriers by horse and dray. 
With Sydney, 150 miles N.E., the communication is by Cobb's coaches thrice a week 
to Penrith, and thence by rail. The nearest telegraph station is Bathurst, about 30 
miles N. E. Carcoar has a post and money order office, an excellently built and well 
managed hospital, and branches of the Commercial, City, and Savings banks, and the 
Sydney and Australian Mutual insurance companies. The hotels are the Victoria, 
Old Royal, White Horse, Australian Arms, Shamrock, and Fitzroy. There is a coach 
office in the township, where passengers are booked from Blayney, Cowra, Bathurst, 
and Penrith (for Sydney) . In the neighbourhood (parishes of Calvert, Lindsay, Errol, 
Beaufort, and Belubula), and on the Belubula river, are 84,370 acres of unsold church 
and school land. The surrounding country is mountainous, and well timbered, and 
the geological formation is granitic, with much limestone. The population numbers 
about 6000 persons in the entire district. 

The Carcoar electoral district embraces the S.W. portion of the county of 
Bathurst, and the W. portion of the county of Georgiana ; and is bounded on the N., 
from the head of the Isabella river, by the range dividing the waters of the Aber- 
crombie and Campbell's rivers, and the range dividing the waters of the Macquarie 
and Belubula rivers, to the section line dividing Simmons' and Smith's land from a 
village reserve and Orr's 1192 acres ; thence by that section line "W., forming the N. 
boundary of the church and school estate in the county of Bathurst, on the Belubula 
river, to the Panuara rivulet ; on the W. by that rivulet to its confluence with the 
Belubula river, and by the Belubula to the Lachlan river ; on the S. by the Lachlan 
river to the confluence of the Crookweil river, and by the Crookwell river to the con- 
fluence of Kangaloolah creek; thence on the E. by that creek to its head, by the 
range dividing the waters of the Crookwell and Abercrombie rivers, and the range 
forming the W. watershed of the Bolong river, and dividing the waters of that river 
from those of Cook's vale creek, to the confluence of the Bolong and Abercrombie 
rivers ; thence by a line, N., to the Isabella river at the N.E. corner of Mrs. Murphy's 
320 acres at Ballyroe ; and thence by the Isabella river to its head, aforesaid. It 
comprises the police district of Carcoar, and returns one member to the Legislative 
Assembly, the present representative being B. Stimpson, Esq. The number of regis- 
tered electors hi this district is 1074 



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The boundaries of the police district of Carcoar are identical with those of the 
electoral district, the places of petty sessions being Carcoar, Cowra, Tuena, and 
Canowindra. 

CARDINGTON STATION {Wellington district) ; occupier, M 'Linen, John; area, 
23,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The old charges were £60; the recently 
appraised rental is £160. 

CAREEL BAY {Co. Cumberland) is a small bay on the E. side of Pitt water, 
containing deep water and secure anchorage. Sandstone. 

CAREENING COVE {Co. Cumberland) is a narrow bay on the N. shore of port 
Jackson, lying opposite Sydney. The heads of this cove are called, in the native 
tongue, Weye-weye. Sandstone. 

CARGrELLIGO STATION {LacMan district) ; occupiers, O'SuUivan, D. and S.; 
area, 27,520 acres ; grazing capability, 1200 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£45 12s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £198 5s. 

CARGI PONDS {Co. JSfarrom'nie, Blkjh district) is a small creek, or chain of 
water holes, connected only in wet weather, which rises in and waters some flat 
pastoral country lying to the S.W. of Hervey's range. It flows N.W. into the head of 
the Bogan river, near the crossing-place of the Obley and Condobolin road, through 
flat pastoral land. The geological formation is lower palaeozoic, with pliocene tertiary 
overlying the older rocks. 

CARGO CREEK {Co. Ashburnham) is a N. tributary of the Belubula river, 
falling into it about 10 miles above Canowindra. It is fed by the Canomodine creek. 
Metamorphic slate and limestone. 

CAREG-INDA STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Byrne, Thomas ; area, 
23,040 acres ; grazing capability, 900 head of cattle. The old charges were £57 4s. ; 
the recently appraised rental is £60. 

CARLING0ING0ING- STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Bemiett, Robert ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

CARLYLE'S CREEK {Co. Inglis) is a small auriferous tributary of the Mu- 
luerindie river, rising in the W. slope of the Australian Alps, and flowing through 
the rugged country to the N. and N. E. of Bendemeer, where it is crossed by the roads 
from that place to Armidale and to Inverell, in a W. direction, about 30 miles. It is 
fed by Spring creek. Hornblendic granite. 

CARLYLE'S GULLY {Co. Inglis) is a hollow on the road from Bendemeer to 
Armidale, about 6 miles N. of the former place, and on the Spring creek. Horn- 
blendic granite. 

CARILLA STATION {Lacldan district) ; occupiers, Tertius, J., West, M. and 
J. ; area, 26,880 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£50 ; the recently appraised rental is £104. 

CARINDA STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, M'Namara, Thomas ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old charges, £30 10s. ; new ap- 
praisements, i'52 10s. 

CARINGY STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Ross, W. ; area, 64,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

CAROUL STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Brown, Andrew ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

CAR0WERY CREEK {Co. Gloucester) is a smaU E. tributary of the Williams 
river, fed by the Farm creek. Sandstone. 

CARRABEAN {Co. Gloucester) is the native name of port Stephens, and of a 
once populous and lively settlement of that harbour. It is now, however, a dreary, 
deserted place, with but one inhabitant, a worthy schoolmaster, who is a devoted 
naturalist and bird preserver. This enthusiastic ornithologist has held his ground as 
tenaciously as did Robinson Crusoe, since the late Sir Edward Perry was commissioner of 
the Australian Agricultural company, and afterwards, when Mr. Cook was police 
magistrate, and the present respected Dean of Sydney, the Very Rev. W. M. Cowperj 



Car] 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



M.A., was chaplain to the company, 25 years ago, this last surviving white man was 
leader of the church choir. 

CARRABILLINA No. 1 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Eckford, 
John ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31. 

CARRABILLINA No. 2 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Eckford, 
John ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31. 

CARRABOST STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Williams, W., 
and Bootes, W. ; estimated area, 40,000 acres ; grazing capability, 320 head of cattle, 
and 3000 sheep. The old charges were £50 ; the recently appraised rental is £50. 

CARRAMTJMBOLA (large and small) MOUNT {Co. King) is the name given 
to two high hills bearing traces of violent volcanic eruption, and lying within a short 
distance of the township of Boorowa. Granite and limestone, with an overflow of 
basalt. 

CARRABUNGAMU, N., STATION {Murrumbidgee district); occupier, Miller,. 
Hon. H. ; area, 44, 800 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £60. 

CARRABUNGAMU, S., STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Broug- 
ham, Patrick ; area, 44,800 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £60. 

CARRINGTON {Co. Gloucester) is an agricultural settlement, lying on the N. 
shore of port Stephens. It was formerly the head quarters of the Australian Agri- 
cultural company. 

CARRANGAL MOUNT {Co. Murray) is a peak of the Cullarin range, attaining 
a height of 3058 feet. Metamorphic slate. 

CARRATT STATION [Monaro district) ; occupier, Cassell, Mrs. Hessey ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, uncertain. Charges, £70. 

CARRAWABITTY STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Flood, Edward ;, 
estimated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £50 ; the recently appraised rental is £120. 

CARRAWA CREEK {Co. Georgiana) is a small drainage creek from the swampy 
country S.E. of Rockley, flowing into the head of Burangylong creek. 

CARRENNGA E. STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupier, Adams, A. A. 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

CARRENNGA N. STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupier, Adams, A. A. ; 
area, 28,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

CARRENNGA STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupier, Adams, A. A. ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 Is. 

CARREP STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Rudd, "William ; area, 25,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31. 

CARROLL, 31° S. lat., 153° 27' E. long. {Co. BucMand), is a small postal town- 
ship in the parish of Carroll, electoral district of Liverpool plains, and police district 
of Tamworth. It is situated on the Namoi river, about 5 miles below the confluence 
of that and the Peel river, the district being a pastoral one. The township of Breeza 
lies 20 miles S., Gunnedah is 12 miles W., and Somerton 12 miles N.E. ; with these 
places the communication is on horseback only, the mail being carried on a pack-horse 
twice a week. With Sydney 256 miles S.E., the communication is by horse to 
Gunnedah, thence by Nowland's passenger coach to the Willow Tree, thence by mail 
coach to Singleton, thence by mail to Newcastle, and thence by steamer. The nearest 
telegraph station is Murrurundi. The surrounding country is flat, lightly timbered, 
and well grassed, the geological formation is granite and sandstone. The population 
of the township numbers about 50 persons. 

CARROLL CREEK {Co. BucMand) is a small drainage creek flowing into the 
lower end of the Conadilly river from the E. Upper and middle palaeozoic. 

CARROLL STATION, No. 52 {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Dight, S. B. ; 
area, 18,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Carroll. 
Old charges, £28 15s. ; new appraisement, £30. 



124 



[Car— Cas 



CARROLL STATION, No. 52 unstocked portion— {Liverpool plains district) ; 
■occupier, Dight, S. B.; area, 10,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Carroll. The old charges were £38 2s. 6d. : the recently appraised rental 
is £30. 

CARROLL STATION, No. SO (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Dight, Saml. 
BiHingsley ; area, 20, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Carroll. Old charges, £50 ; new appraisement, £60. 

CARROLL, No. SO STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Dight, Samuel 
BiHingsley ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Carroll. Charges, £34 5s. 

CARR00NR00N, N., STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Dickson 
-and Darlot ; area, 11,840 acres. Old charges, £30 10s.; new appraisement, £266. 

CARR00NB00N, No. 2 STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Dickson, 
John; estimated area, 11,840 acres; grazing capability, 16,000 sheep. The old 
charges were £80 ; the recently appraised rental is £266. 

C ARROW BROOK (Co. Durham) is a small E. tributary of the head of the Fal 
brook, rising in mount Carrow, and flowing S. Sandstone and clay slate. 

CARR0W MOUNT (Co. Durham) is a peak of the mount Royal range, lying at 
the head of Carrow brook, and on the W. bank of the Paterson river. Sandstone. 

CARR'S ISLAND (Co. Clarence) is a small island in the Clarence river, lying on 
the W. of the town of Grafton. Sandstone and alluvial drift. 

CARTLAND STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Dickson, James ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

CART ROAD CREEK (Co. Harden) is a small tributary of Talmo creek, falling 
into it near Bookham. There is good agricultural ground near its mouth. Meta- 
morphic slate. 

CARTWELL (or Cowell) STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Smith, George ; 
area, 13,000 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. Old charges, £25 ; new appraise- 
ments, £35. 

CARTWRXGHI'S CREEK ( Co. King) is a stream rising in the scrubby and 
grassy plain W. of Crookwell township, and flowing W. into the Weeho creek at the 
township of Weeho, watering in its course some good agricultural land. 
Metamorphic. 

CARNYNTEL (Lachlan district). See Walla-Walla. 

CARWELL CREEK (Co. Roxburgh) is a small S. tributary of the upper part 
of the Cudgegong creek flowing through J. Neville's 991 acres, and W. James' 1020 
.acres. Sandstone and conglomerate. 

CARWELL STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Neale, John Thomas ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the recently 
appraised rental is the same. 

CARWELL No. 2 STATION (Bligh district) • occupier, Neale, John Thomas ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

CARWELL No. 3 STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Jones, Richard ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £32 10s. 

CASINO, 28° 50' S. lat., 153° 2' E. long. (Co. Richmond), is a postal township in 
the parish of Casino, electoral district of the Clarence and police district of Richmond 
river. It is situated on the S. arm or main stream of the Richmond river, 40 miles 
from the confluence with the N. arm, and to the S. of about 40 miles distant from 
the Macpherson range of mountains. The district is an agricultural and pastoral one 
solely. The nearest places are — Codrington, 13 miles S.E., Lismore, 18 miles N.E., 
and Gunderimba, 14 miles E. The communication with these places is by horse and 
boat, and with Sydney by horse or dray to Lawrence, about 50 miles S., on the 
Clarence river, and thence by the Grafton steamer. There are 2 hotels — the Durham 
Ox and Tattersall's. Casino is under the control of a local road board. The sur- 
rounding country is elevated, and to the W. mountainous. The geological formation 
-consists chiefly of ferruginous sandstone, and timber of fine cpiality and great size 



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125 



grows in abundance. Casino has a court of petty sessions, a lock-up, a national 
school, 2 stores, and a government punt. The population numbers about 150 persons. 
The climate is suited to ihe growth of cotton. The township lies 139 feet above sea 
level. The mean shade temp, is 6S 3 5' ; mean max. shade temp. 81° 9' ; mean min. 
shade temp. 55° 2' ; depth of rain, 55.41 inches. 

CASINO STATION {Clarence district); occupier, Clark, Irving; area, 23,040 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Casino. Charges, 
£187 10s. 

CAS SELL'S CREEK ( Co. Harden) is a small tributary of the head of Murrim- 
boola creek. Granite and slate. 

CASSILIS (or Dalkeith), 32° S. lat., 150° E. long. {Co. Bligh), is a postal- 
township, in the parish of Dalkeith, electoral district of the upper Hunter, and police 
district of Cassilis. It is situated on the right bank of the Munmurray river, about 
10 miles from the Krui river, and 9 miles from the Talbragar river, and within 8 miles 
E. of the Dividing range. The district is almost entirely pastoral, the principal land 
and stockowners being Messrs. Bushby and Lambe. The nearest diggings are those 
at Pipeclay creek, 50 miles distant. The nearest places are Turee, 14 miles W. , and 
Merriwa, 28 miles E. With the former place the communication is by horse or dray 
only, and with the latter by mail coach; with Sydney, 221 miles S.S.E., the com- 
munication is by mail coach via Merriwa and Muswellbrook to Singleton, thence by 
rail to Newcastle, and thence by steamer ; or, by horse or dray to Mudgee, thence 
by coach to Penrith, and thence by rail. Cassilis has a post and money-order office, 
a mounted police station, a court of petty sessions, and a telegraph station. The 
hotels are the Cassilis, the Traveller's Best, and the Dalkeith, the latter being also the 
booking office for the Singleton coach. There is a branch of the Australian Mutual 
Provident society in the township. The surrounding country is elevated, ridgy, and 
well timbered, and the geological formation is that of ferruginous sandstone. The 
population numbers about 200 persons. 

The police district of Cassilis embraces the W. portion of the county of Brisbane, 
and the greater portion of the county of Bligh, and is bounded on the N., from mount- 
Terell, by the Liverpool range, W., to the source of the Cooiaburragundi river, 
and by the Cooiaburragundi and Talbragar rivers, to the confluence with the latter of 
a small creek 2 miles E. of J. M. Lowe's 1280 acres, called Balaro ; thence on the W. 
by that creek to its source, and by a connected ridge, thence towards the junction of 
the Bell and Maccpiarie rivers, to the road from Guntawang to Cobbora, and by that 
road to Wialdra creek ; on the S. by Wialdra creek to its source in the Great 
Dividing range at the head of the Goulburn river, by that range to the source of 
the Goulburn river, and by that river to the W. boundary of M. Townsend's grant ; 
and on the W. by the hills forming the W. watershed of Warrendie creek, and the 
range dividing the waters of Hall's and Gummum creeks to mount Terell, aforesaid. 
The places of petty sessions are Cassilis and Merriwa. 

CASSILIS {Co. Bligh) is an incorporated district, in the county of Bligh, con- 
taining an area 1,481,051 acres. The council consists of 4 members, and its boundaries 
are precisely similar to the police district of Cassilis. 

CASTLE FORBES ( Co. Northumberland) is a small agricultural settlement on 
the Hunter river, near the township of Singleton. Sandstone. 

CASTLE HILL {Co. Cumberland) ; one of the original districts of the county, 
is bounded on the S. W. and N. W. by upper Nelson districts, on the S. by Toongab- 
bee and Field of Mars district, and on the E. by Oxley district. 

CASTLEREAGH, 33° 43' S. lat., 150° 43' E. long. {Co. Cumberland), is a postal 
township in the parish of Castlereagh, electoral district of the Nepean, and police 
district of Penrith. It is situated about a mile to the E. of the Nepean river, the 
intervening land being composed of rich alluvial soil. Lander's creek, crossed by the 
road to Penrith, lies about 3 miles distant. The Blue mountains lie to the W., run- 
ning parallel with the Nepean river. Castlereagh has 1 flour mill (Nowell's), driven 
by water-power, at a distance of a mile, otherwise there are no mills or manufactories. 
The district is almost entirely an agricultural one, the soil being rich and admirably 
suited to the growth of cereals. The nearest places are Penrith, 7 miles S., Rich- 
mond 8 miles N. , and Windsor 12 miles N.E. The means of communication are by 



126 



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[Cas— Cat 



horse or dray, or by private conveyance only. "With Sydney, 40 miles S, E. , the com- 
munication is by railway from Penrith, the nearest telegraph station and district 
court township. There is 1 hotel, called Lander's Inn. The surrounding country 
is mountainous and heavily wooded, (the Blue mountains) to the W. and undulating 
to the E. The geological formation is ferruginous sandstone. The population num- 
bers about 1000 persons in the neighbourhood. 

CASTLEREAGH (Co. Cumberland) is one of the original districts of the 
county, bounded on the S. by Cattai creek, the upper .Nelson district, and a direct 
line to an arm of Broken bay, and on all other sides by the Hawkesbury river. 
Sandstone. 

CASTLEREAGH RIVER (BUgh district) is a noble river rising in the Warra- 
bungle range, and flowing thence in an E. and S. direction for about 100 miles, when 
it bends round and runs N.W., about 250 miles, into the Barwan or upper Darling 
river. At its upper end the Castlereagh river flows through rugged pastoral country 
with much scrub and occasional quicksands and swamps, covered with acacia pendula 
to the E. Its middle and lower end is through wide, open plains, intersected with 
belts of myall scrub, barren sandy flats, and patches of swamp. Many of the flats 
on the banks of the river are liable to overflow, and the entire district then becomes 
.almost impassable. Vast tracts of the country on both sides the river are taken up 
for pastoral purposes. The Castlereagh was discovered by Oxley in his second expe- 
dition, 1818, it being at that time in flood, extremely difficult to cross, and a great 
part of the country being under water. It flows through the counties of Napier, Go wen, 
Ewenmair, and Leichardt, and past the townships of Coonabarabran, Mendooran, 
Eringanerin, Terabile, and Coonamble, and is fed by the Ulimambra, Belar, Weeta- 
laba,°Piambra, Butheroo, Merrygoen, Bandalla, Wallamburrawong, Terabile, Galla- 
gambroon, Baronne, Coonamble, Maraba, and Madgora creeks. The Castlereagh has 
a course, including windings, of about 365 miles, and drains a basin of an area of 
5200 square miles. The geological formation of the country at the upper part of the 
river is basaltic with black alluvial deposit ; that of the lower end, sandstone and 
pliocene tertiary drift. 

CATTAI CREEK (Co. Cumberland) is a fine stream rising near Pennant hills, 
and flowing in a N.W. direction across the road from Windsor to Maitland, into the 
Hawkesbury river below Pitt town. There is a smaller creek a little further on. 
known as little Cattai. Sandstone. 

CATARACT RIVER ( Co. Butter) is a fine stream rising in the ranges to the E. 
of Tenterfield, and flowing N. E. through rugged pastoral country into the head of the 
Clarence river. The upper part of this river waters the Barney downs. Sandstone. 

CATARACT RIVER (Cos. Cumberland and Camden) is a fine stream rising in 
the W. slope of the coast range, and flowing N.W. past the villages of Appin and 
Wilton into the Nepean river. Sandstone. 

CATHANBRILL STATION (Wellington district) ; occupiers, Ryrie, J. C, and 
Alexander, J. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, 
£30 ; the new appraisement is £30. 

CATHANDRILL STATION, No. 2 (Wellington district) ; occupiers, uncertain; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, uncertain. 

CATHCART, 36° 14' S. lat., 149° 23' E. long. {Co. Wellesley), is ^postal village 
in the parish of the same name, and electoral district of Monaro. It is situated on a 
stream of water running in a S. direction through Taylor's flat, called the Coollum- 
booka creek. There are several small lagoons and 2 small creeks, tributary to the 
Bombala river, all within 5 miles distant W. These, with a swamp called Badgory's, 
to the S. of the township, form the chief water supply of the locality. The coast 
range is adjacent to Cathcart, there being 2 passes, one about 4 miles S.E., and the 
other 9 miles E. of the village. The district is a pastoral one, with a few patches of 
good agricultural land. The nearest township is Bombala, 10 miles distant in a S.W. 
direction ; the means of communication are by a weekly mail, running from Eden 
(Twofold bay) to Bombala, and passing through Cathcart. With Sydney, 354 miles 
N. , the means of communication are by coach to Twofold bay, and thence by the 
I. S. N. company's steamer. The hotels are the Dragon and the General Cathcart. 
The surrounding country is, generally speaking, of a low, swampy nature, interspersed 



Cat — CedJ 



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127 



with well timbered ridges. The geological formation is upper silurian and basaltic 
lava, with some patches of ferruginous bluestone and micaceous white sandstone. 
The township is situated on the main road from Cooma (from which place it is distant 
50 miles) to Eden. The site is a very pretty one, and the streets are well laid out ; 
but, owing to its distance from any diggings or largely populated town, it progresses 
but slowly, there being very little inducement for persons to invest money in building 
or otherwise. The population numbers about 100 persons. 

CATHILL CREEK (Co. Gloucester) is a small «S. tributary of the Gloucester 
river. Sandstone. 

CATOMBUXS (Co. Gordon) is a chain of lofty mountains lying on the W. side 
of the Bell river and the road from Wellington to Orange, about 10 miles S. of the 
latter place. From that point, the N. Catombul, the range runs about 6 miles in a S. 
direction, where it turns to the E. for about 2 miles. The principal peaks are the N. 
and S. Catombuls, at the N. and S. ends of the range respectively, in the first of 
which the Catombul creek takes its rise. Metamorphic slate and granite. 

CATOMBUL CREEK {Co. Gordon) is a W. tributary of the Bell river, rising 
in the Catombul mountains, and flowing into the main stream to the 1ST. of Newrea. 
Metamorphic slate. 

Also a tributary of the head of the Buckinbar creek. Metamorphic slate. 

CATTLE CREEK STATION [Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Hamilton, 
Edward; area, 15,360 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £75. 

CATTLE STATION (Clarence district) ; occupiers, Ogilvie, W. and E. D. ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £92 16s. 3d. 

CATTLE WATERHOLE STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Radford, 
John ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £40. 

CATTLE WATERHOLE, S., STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Read- 
ford, J. E. J. and J. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£30. 

CAUGrl STATION (Clarence\district) ; occupier, Walker, C. J. ; area, 8000 
acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle and 4000 sheep. Old charges, £38 2s. 
6d. ; new appraisements, £50. 

CAVAN CAVES ( Co. Cowley) is the name given to some chasms in a low range 
of limestone hills, lying on the W. bank of the Murrumbidge river, about 20 miles 
S. of Yass. Limestone. 

CAVAN STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Castle and Calvert ; 
area, 51,000 acres ; grazing capability, 7000 sheep. Charges, £161. 

CAVE FLAT (Co. Harden) is a tract of good pastoral land lying on the N. bank 
of the Murrumbidgee river, near the junction of the Goodradigbee river. It is taken 
up by Mr. J. Swift, and derives its name from the fact of there being several caverns 
in a small limestone hill about the centre of the fiat. Granite and limestone. 

CAWDOU (Co. Camden) is a small agricultural settlement, lying on the great 
Southern road, about 2^ miles S. of the township of Camden. Sandstone. 

CAWNALMURTIE STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Lloyd, James ; area, 
64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £20. 

CAWNDILLA LAKE [Co. Menindee) is a large shallow lake, formed by the 
overflow of the Darling river, and fed by a branch of that river called Laidley's 
ponds. It lies about 30 miles S.W. of Menindee. Pliocene tertiary. 

CAWWELL, W., STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Hungerford, Thomas ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £104. 

CAWWELL STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Hungerford, Thomas ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

CAYALAL MOUNT (Co. Courallie) is a lofty and precipitous peak of the 
Nundawar range of mountains, lying about 36 miles to the N.E. of the township of 
Narrabri, and to the W. of the Horton river. Red trap rock. 

CEDAR BEUSH GAP (Co. Buckland) is an opening in the Liverpool range, 



128 The Neiv South Wales Gazetteer. [Ced Ces 



through which the road from Scone to Warrah, on the Australian Agricultural com- 
pany's grant of 249,600 acres, passes. It lies between mounts Tinagroo, on the E., 
and Towarri, on the W. Older volcanic. 

CEDAR CREEK ( Co. Northumberland) is a small tributary of the Wollombi 
brook, falling into it above Wollombi. Sandstone. 

CEDAR CREEK {Co. Westmoreland) is a tributary of Cox's river, rising in Pulpit 
hill, and flowing S. about 16 miles, through rugged brush country. Sandstone. 

CEDAR PARTY CREEK ( Co. Macquarie). See Pahpoo creek. 

CENTRAL CUMBERLAND electoral district embraces a central and N. por- 
tion of the county of Cumberland ; and is bounded on the N. by the Hawkesbury river, 
upward, from Cowan creek to the S. E. boundary of the parish of Frederick ; on theW. by 
that boundary to the North road to Wiseman's ferry, and by that road, S. , to the N. 
boundary of George Suttor's grant of 60 acres ; thence by a line S.W. to the junction 
of the Pitt town and Windsor roads at Vinegar hill ; thence by the latter road, S.E., 
and by the old Windsor road, to the N. boundary of the parish of Prospect, by that 
boundary, bearing W. to Eastern creek, nearly at the confluence of Breakfast creek ; 
by Eastern creek, upward, to the S. boundary of the parish of Prospect, and by that 
boundary, E., and the W. boundary of the parish of St. Luke, S., to the junction of 
the Orphan school road with the old Cowpasture road ; by the former road, W. , to 
South creek ; by South creek, upward, to the Bringelly road ; by that road, E. , to the 
Cowpasture road at Carne's hill, and by that road, S., to the cross road at the S.W. 
corner of the parish of Minto ; on the S. by that cross road to the Campbelltown road, 
and by the S. boundary of the parish of Minto, to George's river ; thence by a line, E. , 
crossing Deadman's creek, to the N. boundary of John Lucas' grant on Woniora creek ; 
and thence by a line, S.E., to the sea at Wattamollo ; and on the E. by the sea, Botany 
bay, and George's river, to Salt-pan creek, and by the W. boundaries of the parishes 
of St. George and Concord, to the Parramatta river ; then crossing that river to the 
Pennant hills wharf, and thence by the W. boundaries of the parishes of Hunter's 
hill, Gordon, and Broken bay, to the Hawkesbury river, aforesaid ; but excluding 
therefrom the electoral district of Parramatta. It comprises the police districts of 
Parramatta and Liverpool, and returns 2 members to the legislative assembly, the 
present representatives being J. Hay and A. Macpherson, Esqs. The number of re- 
gistered electors in this district is 2249, of whom 1737 voted at the last general election 
1864-1865. 

CENTREBXT STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Ryrie and Alexander ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £13. 

CENTRE BROCK, No. 1 STATION {Liverpool plains district) • occupier, 
Richardson, A. H. ; area, 32,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£30. 

CENTRE BROCK, No. 2 STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, 
Richardson, A. H. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£30. 

CENTRE BROCK, No. 3 STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, 
Richardson, A. H. ; area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£30 Is. 

CESSNOCK, 32° 51' S. lat., 151° 25' E. long. {Co. Northumberland), is a postal 
hamlet in the parish of Polkolbin, electoral district of the Hunter, and police district 
of Maitland. It is situated on the Black creek, Deep creek being 4 miles distant. 
The district is an agricultural one, dairy farming, and the growth of cereals being 
carried on to a great extent, and the soil being of a rich nature admirably adapted for 
culture. The nearest places are Milmeld, 8 miles S.W. ; Branxton, 14 miles N. ; and 
West Maitland, 16 miles N.N.E. With these places there is no communication 
except by horse or dray. With Sydney, 108 miles S., the communication is from 
Branxton by rail, via Maitland to Newcastle, and thence by steamer. There is one 
inn, the Cessnock, in the hamlet. The roads are under the control of a borough 
council in Maitland. Cessnock proper consists only of 2 houses, and a population of 
11 persons, but the surrounding agricultural district contains the small farms of a 
great number of settlers. The surrounding country is generally flat, the land being 
occasionally encumbered with dense scrub and heavy timber. The geological forma- 
tion is carboniferous sandstone. 



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129 



CENTRY BOX MOUNT (Co. Wynyard). See Sentry Box Mount. 

CHADWICK AND PHELPS, No. 2 STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, 
Flood and Tyson ; area, 32, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Maude. The old charges were £36 ; the recently appraised rental is £125. 

CHADWICK AND PHELPS, No. 3 STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, 
Flood and Tyson ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Maude. The old charges were £36 ; the recently appraised rental is £125. 

CHAELUNDI MOUNT ( Co. Gresham) is a solitary mountain in the broken 
country near the junction of the Aberfoyle and Guy Fawkes rivers, about 40 
miles E. of Falconer. Sandstone and limestone. 

CHANCE STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Smith, Joseph ; area, 50,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Perry. 
Charges £32. 

CHANDLER'S CREEK (Co. Gresham) is a small S. tributary of the Boyd river. 
Sandstone. 

CHANDLER'S PEAK (Co. Clarice) \s a lofty peak of the New England range, 
lying about 12 miles S.E. of Falconer, and on the E. bank of the Gyra river. It 
attains an altitude of 4501 feet, by the measurement of the Rev. W. B. Clarke. Sand- 
stone and quartz reefs. 

CHAPMAN (Co. Dudley) is a small agricultural settlement, lying on the 
Coolambooka river, about 7 miles N. of Kempsey. Sandstone. 

CHARCOAL {Co. Camden) is a small roadside village, electoral district of 
Illawarra, and police district of Wollongong ; it is within the municipality of central 
Illawarra, and is situated on the Charcoal creek, the Cordeaux river being on the 
W., the Fig Tree creek on the N., and Mullet creek on the S. ; mount Keira lies to 
the N., and mount Kembla to the W. ; Tom Thumb's lagoon and. the Illawarra lake, 
both tidal, with sand bars at their mouths, lie to the E. There is a tannery at 
Charcoal, and kerosene works are in course of erection at American creek, near mount 
Kembla. The surrounding district is pastoral and agricultural, dairy farming being 
extensively carried on. The nearest places are, Wollongong, 4 miles N. ; Kembla, 
1 mile ; and Dapto, 4 miles S. ; communication being by the mail cart. With Sydney 
the communication is by steamer from Wollongong, on by coach to Campbelltown, 
and thence by rail. The hotels are, the Charcoal inn and the Farmer's hotel ; the 
Fig Tree and Mount Keira hotels are also in the neighbourhood. The surrounding 
country is mountainous to the W., and undulating to the N. and E., toward the sea. 
There is a black lead pit (unworked) near the Cordeaux river, and one of pipeclay on 
the coast line. From the latter the aboriginals were wont to obtain their mourning 
paint. Pipeclay, in the aboriginal tongue, being called "illowra," is said by some to 
nave conferred the name "Illawarra" on the district. Limestone is also said to 
exist on a spur of mount Kembla (Waple's land). The geological formation is chiefly 
carbonaceous sandstone. The district abounds in fine timber of almost all kinds, and 
the vegetation is rich in the extreme. The population is small and scattered. 

CHARCOAL CREEK (Co. Camden) is a small creek, crossing the road from 
Dapto to Wollongong, at the village of Charcoal. It falls into the Tom Thumb 
lagoon. Silurian. 

CHARLEY'S YARD STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Mort, CameroD, 
and Buchanan ; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£50 5s. 6d. 

CHA SING STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Valiant, Frederick ; 
estimated area, 112,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Moulamein. The old charges were £100 ; the recently appraised rental 
is £180. 

CHAT0N MOUNT (Co. King) is a lofty peak of the Cullarin range of moun- 
tains, lying about 8 miles N. of Gundaroo, 6 miles N.E. of the Yass river, and 10 
miles S.W. of Collector. It attains an elevation of 3000 feet above the level of the 
sea, and is composed chiefly of metamorphic slate, chlorite, and talc. 

CHATSW0RTH ISLAND (Co. Clarence). See Harwood Islands. 



130 



[Che — Cir 



CHEESEMAN'S CREEK STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Keenan, 
James ; area, 12,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £32 10s. ; the recently appraised rental is £40. 

CHERRY TREE HILL (Co. Bathurst) is a small gold workings, lying about 1 
mile E. of Evans' plains. Metamorphic slate and shales. 

CHERRY TREE HILL (Co. Roxburgh) is a peak in the Blue Mountain range, 
lying about 8 miles N.E. of Sofala, and 3 miles S.E. of Keene's swamp. Limestone 
and sandstone. 

CHESHIRE CREEK (Co. Roxburgh) is an E. auriferous tributary of the 
Winburndale rivulet, rising in the Limekiln hill, and flowing W. through the Cheshire 
creek gold field. It is fed by the Jesse, Pender's, Diamond, Wiagdon, and Pigeon 
creeks. The geological formation is sandstone, limestone, and clayey shale. 

CHEVIOT HILLS, N., STATION (Clarence district) ; occupier, Smith, Henry ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £32. 

CHEVIOT HILLS, S., STATION (Clarence district) ; occupier, Smith, Norton ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £32. 

CHICHESTER RIVER (Co. Gloucester) is a fine stream, forming the E. head 
of the Williams river, and joining it at Fosterton. Upper volcanic and metamorphic. 

CHID0WLY STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, CarroU, Edward ; area, 
12,800 acres ; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. Old charges, £28 15s. ; the new 
appraisement is £30. 

CHID0WLA, No. 2 STATION (Murrumbidgee district); occupier, Roche, 
Patrick ; area, 12,800 acres ; grazing capability, 750 head of cattle. Charges, £34. 

CHILCOTT'S CREEK (Co. Buchland) is a tributary of the head of the Borambil 
creek, rising in the W. slope of the Australian alps, near mount Temi, and flowing 
through rugged country in a W. direction. It is fed by the Doughboy Hollow creek. 
The Willow Tree inn, at the junction of the roads from Quirindi and Wallabadah to 
Murrurundi, is near the mouth of this creek. Upper and middle palaeozoic. 

CHIMNEY POT (Co. Butter) is a high mountain, spurring to the E. from the 
New England range, on the Boonoo-Boonoo gold field, and lying about 18 miles 
N.W. of Tenterfield, on the road to Drake and Tabulam. Sandstone and granite. 

CHINA GULLY CREEK (Co. Monteagle) is a small auriferous tributary of the 
Burrangong creek, flowing into it at the township of Forbes. Lower palaeozoic, with 
recent surface drift. 

CHINESE GOLD FIELD (Co. Harden.) See Wombat. 

CHIPPENDALE (Co. Cumberland) is the name given to a portion of Sydney, 
within the city boundary, and lying between Parramatta- street and Redfern, on the 
W. side of the railway line. 

CH0NWA STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Tyson, Peter ; area, 64,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

CHOWAR STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Cameron, Alexander ; 
estimated area, 120,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £120 ; the recently appraised rental is £95. 

CHOWDER HEAD and BAY (Co. Cumberland) is a rocky promontory on the 
N. shore of port Jackson, lying opposite Shark point, about 2 miles S.W. of the 
entrance. Chowder bay is a rocky cove, having a sandy beach at its head, lying to the 
N. E. of Chowder head. Sandstone. 

CHRISTMAS CREEK (Co. Dudley) is a fine N. tributary of the Macleay 
river, falling into it at Frederickton, and flowing through rich agricultural land. It 
is fed by the Cooloombatta creek. Sandstone and shale, with deep alluvial deposit. 

CHURCHYARD CREEK (Co. Murchison, New England district) is a small W. 
tributary of the Gwydir river, rising in rugged auriferous country, and flowing 
through a swampy flat. Hornblendic granite, with alluvial deposit. 

CIRCUIT FLAT (Co. Northumberland) is a flat on the great North road, from 



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Sydney to Maitland, about 15 miles S. of Wollombi, and between mounts Manning 
and Loekyer. Carbonaceous sandstone. 

CIRCUS POINT (Co. Wellington) is a gold workings forming part of the Turon 
digging, and lying 4 miles from the township of Sofala. The population is included 
in tha: of that place. Metamorphic slate and granite. 

CLAIRVILLE (or Punchbowl) {Co. Cumberland) ; the property of Sir Alfred 
Stephen, situated in the parishes of St. George and Bank's Town, about 9 mile3 from 
Sydney. It is situated in a sort of basin surrounded by gently rising ground — hence 
the name of Punchbowl. 

CLANDULLA (or Marsden Mount) (Co. Roxburgh is a lofty point in the 
Blue mountain range lying on the E. side of the road from Bowenfels to Pylstone, 
via the Oapertee river. This mountain derives its name from the Rev. S. Marsden, 
whose property lies on the Capertee river, about 2 miles distant to the E. Granite, 
slate, and sandstone. 

CLARE BLOCK (A) STATION {Darling district) ; occupiers, Blackwood, James 
and Richard ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is BooligaL Charges, £120. 

CLARE BLOCK (B) STATION {Darling district) ■ occupiers, Blackwood, 
Jame-v and Piehard ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability*, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is BooligaL Charges, £160. 

0 LAKE BLOCK (C) STATION (Darling district) ; occupiers, Blackwood, James 
and Richard; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is BooligaL Charges, £100. 

CLARE, N., BLOCK (A) STATION {Darling district) ; occupiers, Blackwood, 
Jame and Piehard ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is BooligaL Charges, £160. 

CLARE, N., BLOCK (B) STATION (Darling district) • occupiers, Blackwood, 
James and Richard ; area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
•post town is BooligaL Charges, £100. 

CLAREM0NT STATION [New England district); occupier, Farming, Major 
Frederick ; area, 28,000 acres ; grazing capability, 10,000 sheep. The old charges were 
£68 10s. ; the recently appraised rental is ±"234. 

CLARENCE TOWN, 32 35' S. lat., 151° 46' E. long. (Co. Durham ), is a postal 
township in the parish of Uffington, electoral district of the Williams, and police 
district of Dungog. It is situated on the W. bank of the Williams river, in a rich 
agricultural district; there being 2 steam hour mills, 2 tobacco manufactories, and 
a tannery in the township. Tne soil is very fertile, and produces wheat, maize, 
barley, lucerne, &c, in large quantities, the faraiing being carried on chiefly by small 
settlers, who have taken up the rich alluvial flats on the banks of the river, and 
also large patches of the scrub land. The cultivation of the tobacco plant has lately 
attracted considerable attention, the soil being found suitable for its growth. The 
nearest places are, Seaham, 8 miles S.; Brookheld, 8 miles N. ; Dungog, 16 miles N. ; 
-Stroud, 20 miles, N.E. ; Morpeth, 16 miles S ; and Maitland, 20 miles S. W. A two- 
horse mail car runs thrice a week from Maitland to Dungog, passing through 
4Seaham. Clarence Town, and Brookneld in its course. With Sydney, 111 miles S.EL, 
the communication is by steamer weekly Clarence Town has a post office, wharf, 
several stores, and 3 hotels — the Commercial, Eitzroy, and George and Dragon — and. 
a coach booking-office for passengers and light parcels. There are 3 places of worship, 
"belonging respectively to the church of England, Roman Catholic, and Presbyterian 
bodies ; also 1 National and 1 Denominational schooL The surrounding country 
is hilly and well timbered, with alluvial flats along the course of the river. Timber 
of excellent cpiality is abundant, and large quantities, split and sawn, are exported, 
Clarence Town has a savings' bank, and a branch of the Liverpool and London and 
Globe insurance company. The geological formation is the secondary and trappean, 
with numerous fossils, and large areas of cleavage belonging to the former strata 
frequently met with, Tne population of Clarence Town numbers about 300 persons. 

CLARENCE PITER HEADS (or Yamba), 29° 26' S. lat., 153° 27' E. long. 



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(Co. Clarence), is a postal township, in the parish of Yarnba, electoral district of 
Clarence and Richmond, and police district of Grafton. It is situated at the mouth 
of the Clarence river, 300 miles X. N. E. of Sydney. About 4 miles W. from the sea 
coast is the Clarence peak or mount Whornan, and 2 miles W. is an inlet from the 
main river leading to a lake extending about 8 miles inland, called the Broadwater, 
and containing a number of small islands. The nearest village is Maclean, 18 miles 
W. on the Clarence river; 25 miles S.W. is the township of Laurence, also on the 
Clarence river. Woolli lies 12 miles S.S.W., and Grafton 45 miles S. The communi- 
cation with these places, and with Sydney, is by steamer. The country along the 
coast is low and ridgy, sandy, and lightly grassed and timbered, and only lit for 
grazing purposes. The flats along the river bank, however, are of good alluvial soil, 
and are highly cultivated. The population numbers about 60 persons. 

CLARENCE RIVER (Cos. Clarence, Richmond, Drake, Buller, and Rous) is a 
highly important river, rising in the high scrubby ranges near the Obelisk mountains, 
where it flows in a S. direction past the townships of Tabulam and Alice, to its junc- 
tion with the Nymboi river, when it turns off in a S.E. direction past Copmanhurst 
to Grafton, and thence in a N.E. direction past Lawrence, Maclean, and Ashby, to the 
ocean, by a wide estuary known as Shoal bay, and containing several large islands at 
Yamba head in S. lat., 29° 26'. This river has a course of nearly E. to the sea for a 
distance of 70 miles above its estuary, averaging half a mile in width. The Clarence 
is the largest river known on the E. coast, and has 13 feet of water on its bar. There 
are large quantities of rich alluvial plains, cedar brushes, and swamps on it and its 
tributaries, interspersed with sandstone, ironstone ridges in the lower part of the 
district, and sandstone, clay, slate, and granite in the upper portion. Copper has 
been found in several places, also coal of good quality, and other minerals not so well 
known. The river is well known as a place of considerable importance, being the 
outlet for the produce of a large and rich agricultural and pastoral district. A greatly 
increasing traffic is carried on with Sydney and other ports, both by steam and sail- 
ing vessels. The course of the Clarence river is about 240 miles, and it drains an 
area of 8000 square miles of country, generally rough and scrubby. Towards its 
lower end there are rich beds of coal and large tracts of exceedingly productive soil, 
mostly alluvial, which are, in a great measure, taken up by small settlers, and under 
cultivation, excellent crops of all kinds of farm produce being grown thereon. The 
Clarence is fed by numerous tributary streams, the principal of which are the Catar- 
act, Nymboi, Orara, Coldstream, and Esk rivers, the Tooloom, Timbarra, and Tabu- 
lam rivulets, and the Emu, Peacock, Bottle, Plumbago, Flagstone, Alice, Dulgigin, 
Ewingar, Xogrigar, Washpool, Gordon's Bunginbar, Nettle, Purgatory, Whiteman's, 
Musk valley, Allpou, Alum, Swan, Shark, Sportsman's, Rocky Mouth, and Man- 
grove creeks. The Clarence is navigable for tolerably large vessels (steam and sailing) 
for a distance of about 80 miles from the entrance, or about 20 miles above Grafton, 
the chief town of the district. On this river, and above the township of Copman- 
hurst, are several falls, known as the Rocky, Smith's, TindaH's, Bullock, and Double 
channel falls. Sandstone, volcanic trap rock, and limestone, with deep alluvial de- 
posits at the lower end. 

CLARENCE is a county in the pastoral district of Clarence. It contains 51,237 
acres of alienated land, and 854,363 acres unalienated. The present boundaries, how- 
ever, are open to modification. It is divided into the following 23 parishes, viz. : N. 
parishes — Wombah, Ashby, Harwood, Taloombi, Julmanad, Lawrence, Banyabla, 
Coalbale, Nanegai ; S.E. parishes — "Woodford, Yamba, Southgate, Tyndale, Ulmarra, 
Coldstream, Clarenza ; S. W. parishes — Clif den, Copmanhurst, Eaton, Great Mario w, 
Southampton, Rushf orth, and Elland. 

The Clarence electoral district embraces the greater portion of the pastoral district 
of the Clarence, and is bounded on the N. by the range dividing the waters of the 
Logan and other rivers, from those of the Clarence, Richmond, and Tweed rivers, from 
point Danger to the great Dividing range ; on the W. by the great Dividing range, and 
a line bearing S. crossing the (N. ) Rocky river at a point where the banks close 
in abruptly, about 5 miles E. of Frocester, to a line bearing E. from the Bolivia range ; 
by that line E. to the boundary line between the New England and Clarence districts, 
and by that boundary (being a line N. from mount Werrikimbe), S., to the range 
forming the S. watershed of the Clarence river ; on the S. by that range, E. , and a line 
bearingE. to the sea. near the Solitary islands ; and on the E. by the sea to point Danger, 



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133 



aforesaid. This electorate comprises the town and country districts of Grafton and 
Casino, and returns 1 member to the legislative assembly, the present representative 
being J. C. Laycock, Esq. The number of registered electors in this district is 2019, 
of whom 986 voted at the last general election — 1864-1865. 

CLARENCE is a pastoral district, lying in the 1ST. part of the colony, between 
the coast and the New England district, and X. of Macleay. It is now classified as an 
intermediate district, and as such is open for conditional purchase. The number of 
freehold landholders in this district is 436, and of leaseholders 253. The extent of 
land is cultivation is 12,212f acres. Under wheat there are 155 acres ; under maize, 
11,600^ acres ; under barley, 14 acres ; under oats, 2 acres ; under tobacco, 14 acres ; 
and under vine, 23 acres. Live stock : Horses, 7781 ; horned cattle, 540,900 ; sheep, 
53,540 ; and pigs, 3250. The post towns in this district, are : — Casino, Grafton, 
Richmond river heads, Palmer's island, Clarence river heads, Lawrence, Tabulam, 
Tooloom, Falconer, Lismore. Timbarra, Ulmarra, Maryland, Blandford, and Rocky 
Mouth. 

CLARENCE MOUNT ( Co. Cook) is a lofty peak of the Blue mountain range, 
attaining a height of 3500 feet above sea level. Sandstone. 

CLARENDON is a county in the pastoral district of the Lachlan. It contains 
24,963 acres of alienated land, and 912,437 acres unalienated. The present boundaries, 
however, are open to modification. It contains much fine pastoral and agricultural 
land. The principal town is Gundagai. 

CLARKE is a county in the pastoral district of New England, containing 
438,400 acres of unalienated land. The present boundaries, however, are liable to 
modification. 

CLARKE'S ISLAND (native name, Billoxgobah) ( Co. Cumberland} is a small 
rocky islet on the E. side of Port Jackson, opposite and to the N. of Darling point. It 
lies about 3 miles in a straight line S.W. from the entrance at the inner South head, 
and is a favourite landing place for pic-nic and boating parties. It is about an eighth 
of a mile in length from N. W. to S. E. , and half that width, being covered by sparse 
scrub. Sandstone, 

CLARKE'S CREEK {Co. Wellington) is a mining hamlet in the electoral district 
of Mudgee. It is situated on Clarke's creek, and forms part of the Louisa creek 
diggings. The district is essentially an alluvial mining one, operations being carried 
on by puddling. The communication with Sydney is via Mudgee (the nearest tele- 
graph station), by Cobb's coach to Penrith, and thence by rail. The surrounding 
country is hilly and auriferous. The population is included in that of Long creek. 

CLARKE'S CREEK (Co. ffardinge, New England district) is an E. tributary of 
the Gwydir river, formed by 2 heads, the Moredun and Limestone creeks. It flows 
through rugged auriferous country, the geological formation of which is hornblendic 
granite, resembling that on the Ovens gold fields, and being associated with garnets, 
sapphires, and tin ore, gold being found in the detritus of the granite, and generally 
underneath the boulder-like blocks which lie in the bed of the creek. 

CLEAR CREEK (Co. Roxburgh) is an E. tributary of the Winburndale rivulet, 
rising in the Limekilns hill, and flowing through good agricultural land, held by 
Messrs. Hughes, Fitzgerald, Cummings, Suttor, and others, and past the township of 
Peel. It is fed by the Bread and Butter Flat creek. Sandstone, limestone, and clay 
shale. 

CLEAR HILL (Co. Buccleugh) is a high peak lying in the rugged mountainous 
country to the E. of Tumut. It is the source of the Bumbolee creek. Metamorphic 
slate and trap rock. 

CLEAR HILL ( Co. Wynyard) is a peak in the rugged mountainous country lying 
to the W. of the Tumut river, and at the head of the E. arm of the Adelong creek. 
Gold has been found to the N. of this hill. Metamorphic slate and granite. 

Also a peak on the E. bank of the Yaven-Yaven creek. 

CLEAR HILL STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Reid, Alexander, 
and Curtis, John; area, 28, 800 acres j grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £185. 

CLEARED HILL [Co. Roxburgh) is a peak in the Blue mountains, lying on the 



134 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



[Cle— Cly 



N. side of the Turon river, near its head, about 3 miles N. of the township of Cullen: 
Bnllen, and near the road from that place to Sofala and Tambaroora. Sandstone, 
limestone, and granite. 

CLEAR MOUNT (Co. Cowley) is a lofty and prominent peak of the Murrum- 
bidgee range, lying on the W. bank of the Murrumbidgee river, about 4 miles S.W. of 
Clinton. The geological formation is chiefly granite and quartziferous slate, with vast 
outbreaks and overflows of basalt in the plains that occur amidst the ranges. 

CLEAR RIDGES STATION {Lachldn district) ; occupier, Lee, Thomas ; area, 
45,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

CLEAR WATER, W., STATION [Albert district) ; occupiers, Macleay and 
Taylor ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £36 2s. ; 
new appraisements, £30. 

CLERWA STATION {Monaro district) ; occupiers, Thomas, Eliz. and James ; 
area, 8960 acres ; grazing capability, uncertain. Charges, £56 2s. 6d. 

CLERKNESS STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Clerk, E. G. ; area, 
69,000 acres; grazing capability, 12,000 sheep. The old charges were £120; the 
recently appraised rental is £162. 

CLIFFORD'S CREEK {Co. Georgiana) is a small creek, rising at the Black 
spring, on the property of G. McKoy, and flowing through D. McDonald's Daisy 
Bank estate into the Reedy creek at Elowerdale, 7 miles from Laggan, after a course- 
of about 14 miles. Metamorphic. 

CLXFTQ1T STATION (New England district) ; occupiers, Donaldson, S. and A. ; 
area, 59.000 acres ; grazing capability, 14,000 sheep. The old charges were £140 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £168. 

CLIYE is a county in the pastoral district of New England and Clarence. It 
contains 7169 acres of alienated land, and 648,831 acres unalienated. The present 
"boundaries are, however, open to modification. Tenterfield is the principal town. 

CL0CIDES BAY (Co. Northumberland) is an E. arm of the harbour of Brisbane 
Water. The township of Kincumber is situated on the E. extremity of thi3 bay. 
The district supplies the Sydney market with fine building timber. Sandstone. 

CLOUD'S (or Yellowback) CREEK (Co. Fitzroy) is a small tributary of the- 
head of the Nymboi river. Sandstone. 

CLOVER CREEK (Co. Cowper, Warrego district) is a small E. tributary of 
the Darling river, rising in the N. part of Dunlop's range, and flowing N.W. about 
8 miles, through tolerably good pastoral country. The geological formation is pliocene 
tertiary, with alluvial deposit along the bed of the creek. 

CLUNIE (or Callyagaidoona) MOUNT (Co. Buller) is a peak of the Mac- 
pherson's range, lying at the head of the Pinnacle creek. Sandstone. 

CLYWDD, VALE OF (Co. Cook), is a beautiful valley, watered by Cox's river ; 
it is 796 feet lower than mount York ; it lies in the valley at the base of mount York, 
named by the governor in 1815, in consequence of the strong resemblance it bore to 
the vale of that name in North Wales. It extends 6 miles E. and W. , and is watered 
by a small stream called the river Lett, on which stands the town of Hartley. The 
geological formation consists of granite rocks, composed of felspar, quartz, and 
hornblendic mica, and occasionally talc and steatite, the quartz and hornblendic occa- 
sionally occupying, to the almost total exclusion of felspar or mica, the principal ' 
features. Sometimes this granite is so coarse in its constituent particles as to look 
like a grit or conglomerate, until broken, the quartz out in relief, and the ground 
about it seems as if it were covered by the quartz pebbles of conglomerate. The 
presence of hornblende is also very remarkable, crystals of considerable size marking 
its occurrence. 

CLYBUCCA CREEK (Co. Dudley) is a small N. tributary of the mouth of the 
Macleay river, draining the overflow of the Clybucca swamp. Sandstone and alluvial 
and fluviatile drift. 

CLYDE is a county in the pastoral district of Bligh. The present boundaries 

are open to modification. 



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CLYDE RlVJUK {Co. St. Vincent) is an important river, rising in the mountain 
known as the Pigeon House, and flowing 70 miles in a S. direction into Bateman's 
bay. It drains an area of 450 square miles. The lower part of this river is navigable 
for small craft, and the townships of Currowan and Nelligen are situated upon it. 
This river drains an area of about 450 square miles, and is fed by the Cockwhy, Cur- 
rowan, and Nelligen creeks. Sandstone and shale. 

C0LYMMAG00L STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Pearse, Joseph ; area, 
33,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1100 head of cattle. The old charges were £100 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £1S0. 

COALS ALE {Co. Clarence) is a small agricultural hamlet, situated on White- 
man's creek, about 20 miles N.N.W. of Grafton, and on the road from that place to 
Tabulam. A few settlers live in the neighbourhood. Carbonaceous sandstone. 

COAL RIDGE {Co. Clarence and Drake) is a range of low hills, hying on the W. 
of the county of Clarence, and the E. of the county of Drake, and forming the boun- 
dary between them. The old and new roads from Tenterfield to Grafton pass through 
gaps over this range. There are numerous veins of coal in the range, whence the 
name. Carbonaceous sandstone. 

C0ATES RIVER (Murrwmbidgee district). See Yanko Creek. 

C0BARG0 STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Farlington, W. Duggan ; 
area, 5800 acres ; grazing capability, 200 head of cattle. Charges, £10. 

C0BBADAH CREEK {Co. Murchison, Gwydir district), is an E. tributary of 
the Horton river, rising in a range of low hills X. of Barraba, and flowing N. and 
N.W. through the township of Cobbadah, where it is crossed by the Bingara and 
Tamworth road. It is fed by Anderson's creek. The geological formation is upper 
palaeozoic, connected with serpentine. 

COBBANTHANNA STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupier, Button, Charles ; 
area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £73. 

C0BBIDAR STATION {Gwydir district) • occupiers, Eaton and Crawley ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1280 head of cattle. The old charges were £80; the 
recently appraised rental is £100. 

C0BBITY {Co. Cumberland) is a small agricultural and pastoral village, in the 
parish of Narellan, and 3 miles W. of the township of that name. It is situated on 
the Nepean river, in the celebrated Cowpasture district, and has a population of about 
150 persons scattered over the numerous small farms in the district. Sandstone. 

C0BB0N HILL {Co. Wallace) is a high peak lying on the E. side of the road 
from Cooma to Gipp's land, via Jindabyne, and about 8 miles S. of the latter place. 
The surrounding country is high open forest, good for grazing purposes. Metamor- 
phic slate and trap rock. 

C0BB0N STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Thompson, James ; area, 900 
acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Charges, £25. 

C0BB0RA, 32° 4' S. lat., 149° 12' E. long. {Co. Lincoln), is a small postal 
township in the electoral district of the Bogan, and police district of Dubbo. 
It is situated on the Tailor agar river, the Yarrin creek flowing \\ mile 
S. The district is a pastoral and agricultural one, the nearest places being 
Mundooran, 20 miles N., Denison town, 18 miles S.E., and Mudgee, 40 
miles, S. S.E., the latter being the nearest telegraph station. The com- 
munication is by horse or dray, and with Sydney, from Mudgee, by Cobb's coach to 
Penrith, and thence by rail The hotels are the Traveller's Rest (Martin's), and the 
Welcome inn (Blakemore's). A bridge at the Cobbora crossing place, over the Tal- 
bragar river, is much needed, as, after heavy rain, the floods which ensue entirely 
prevent the passage of travellers, and put a stop to traffic. The surrounding country 
consists principally of small grassy flats, interspersed with low ridges, timbered with 
ironbark and box. The geological formation is sandstone and ironstone. The popu- 
lation numbers about 80 persons. 

C0BLAMAT0NG STATION {Monaro district); occupier, Campbell, John ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 sheep. Charges, £100. 

C0B0NG,W., STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Clements, Charles David; 



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[Cob — Coc 



area, 20, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old charges, £35 ; new 
appraisement, £60. 

COBRABALD CREEK (Go. Parry) is a small N. tributary of the Bald creek, 
rising in Walcha hill, and falling into that creek near its junction with the Mulue- 
rindie river. Hornblendic granite. 

COBRABALD MOUNT ( Co. Durham) is the highest peak of the mount Royal 
range, attaining an altitude of over 3000 feet above the level of the sea. It stands 
near the head of the Paterson river, and is densely timbered with fine trees, except at 
its summit, which is comparatively bare. Ferruginous sandstone. 

C0BRANNAGY STATION (BHgh district) ; occupier, Yeo, James ; area, 
12,800 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £20. 

C0BRAM STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, De Sailly and Francis ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Denili- 
quin. Charges, £30 10s. 

_ C0BRAM STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Caldwell, R. Gavin ; 
estimated area, 62,390 acres ; grazing capability, 1200 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Deniliquin. The old charges were £120 ; the recently appraised rental is £410. 

C0BRAM STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Dodds, Alexander ; area, 
16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31 5s. 6d. 

C0BRILLA STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Jamieson, H. and B. ; area, 
61,440 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £30 ; new appraisements, £53. 

C0BUL CREEK (Murrumbidgee district) is a small tributary of the Wakool 
river, rising to the S. of Jegur township, in the county of Wakool, and flowing W. 
about 10 miles through swampy pastoral country. Pliocene tertiary. 

COCHRANE CREEK (Murrumbidgee district) is a tributary of the Neimur 
creek, flowing W. about 20 miles through the flat pastoral country of the county of 
Wakool. Pliocene tertiary. 

COCHRANE LAKE (Co. Northumberland) is a small lagoon or inlet of the sea, 
about a mile in length from E. to W., and lying in the parish of Kincumber, and 
about 1 mile E. of the township of that name. Raised sand. 

COCHRAN STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, G-wynne, Henry ; 
area, 4100 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

P C0CKABUTTA (Co. BHgh) is a village reserve, situated on the Talbragar 
river, 20 miles S.W. of Cassilis. 

COCKATOO ISLAND (Co. Cumberland) is a large island, lying in the Parra- 
matta river, about 2\ miles W.N.W. in a straight line from the Post Office, Sydney, 
and opposite the mouths of the Lane cove river and Long cove. This island is about 
a quarter of a mile in length, and the same breadth, and consists of a lofty sandstone 
hill. It is used as a penal establishment for the worst class of male prisoners, and is 
capable of accommodating 12 prisoners in separate cells, and 188 prisoners where more 
than one sleep in a cell. The prisoners quarters are situated in an enclosure on the 
summit of the island, the governor's house being built at the E. side. On the E. end 
of the island is the government slip and dry dock, called the Fitzroy dock, for the 
cleaning and repairing of her Majesty's ships of war on the station. These stupendous 
works, constructed in the solid rock, have been built almost exclusively by prison 
labour, and are extensive and of the first order of excellence. 

COCKBIJRN RIVER (Co. Inglis) is an E. auriferous tributary of the Peel 
river, rising in the W. slope of the Moonbi range, and flowing W. and S.W. into the 
Peel at Tamworth. It is fed by the Moonbi creek, and waters the fine but rugged 
pastoral country lying between Tamworth, Moonbo, and Walcha. Upper and middle 
palaeozoic. 

C0CKEJED0NG- CREEK (Co. Urmia, Murrumbidgee district) is a small N. 
tributary of the Billabung creek, conveying the overflow of lake Urana into that 
creek. It is crossed by the road from Deniliquin to Wagga-Wagga. Pliocene tertiary. 

COCKELLEREENA BACK STATION (Warrego district); occupier, Lord, 
W. G. ; area, 63,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 



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137 



COCKENWOUGA STATION [Lachlan district) ; occupiers, De Sailly, Francis 
and G. P ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31. 

COCKFIGHTER'S BRIDGE {Co. Hunter), the old name of Warkworth, which 

see. 

COCKFIGHTER'S CREEK (Co. Hunter). See Wollombi Brook. 

C0CKITJID0NG STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Glass, Hugh ; 
area, 30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 7000 sheep. Old charges, £70 ; new appraise- 
ment, £150 14s. 6d. 

COCKLE CREEK (Co. Northumberland) is a small stream draining the swamps 
to the W. of Hexham, and flowing into the N. end of ^lake Macquarie. Carbona- 
ceous sandstone, with alluvial and fluviatile deposit. 

C0CKWHY CREEK (Co. St. Vincent) is a small E. tributary of the Clyde river, 
rising near Kioloa point. Sandstone and outcropping granite. 

COCO (or Cook's) CREEK (Co. Roxburgh) is a small S. tributary of the Capertee, 
or upper portion of the Colo river, rising in the N. slope of the Blackman's crown, and 
flowing N. E. about 20 miles. Sandstone. 

C0C0MINGLA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Lynch, Andrew ; area, 
10,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £61 ; the recently 
appraised rental is £50. 

C0C0PARA, E. , STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Forsyth, George ; area, 
32,000 acres; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Charges, £31. 

C0C0PARA STATION (Lachlan district); occupier, Forsyth, George ; area, 
25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

C0DRA (or Martin's C. Run) STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Blake- 
more, John ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. Charges, 
£30. 

C0DRINGT0N (Co. Richmond) is a small agricultural and cedar-cutting settle- 
ment in the electoral district of the Clarence, and police district of Richmond, situated 
on the S. arm of Richmond river, 10 miles S. of the township of Lismore, the commu- 
nication being by horse or small boat. The land is scrubby, ^and the geological forma- 
tion silurian sandstone. 

C0ELN0EY LAGOON STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Pardy, 
W., and Lyons, E. ; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capabilitv, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£38. 

C0EYALWARRAH STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Blackman, W. R. ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £10. 

COGGAN (Co. Phillip) is a village reserve, situated on the Goulburn river, about 
26 miles S.E. of Cassilis. 

C0GHILL STATION (Liverpool plains district); occupier, Capp, Charles; 
estimated area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £55. 

C0GHLAN MOUNT (Co. Harden) is a lofty hill, lying about 1 mile distant 
from Coramundra. It is lightly grassed, well timbered with stringy bark and white 
gum, and contains abundance of blue metal, suitable for building and road making. 

COIL A (Co. Dampier) is a small agricultural settlement, lying about 8 miles 
S. of Moruya, on the road from that place to the Tuross river and the Gulf gold field. 

C0LARE RIVER (Lachlan and Wellington districts), the native name of the 
Lachlan river. See Lachlan River. 

COTA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Campbell, George ; estimated 
area, 12, 800 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £55. 

COLDSTREAM RIVER (Co. Clarence) is a fine stream, rising in mount Krem- 
noss, and flowing N. into the lower part of the Clarence river, opposite Woodford 
island. It is fed by the Sweeny, Coola, Oregon, Aranain, and Glen Ugie creeks, and 
waters a considerable tract of good agricultural country. Sandstone and shale. 



138 



[Col 



COLDSTREAM STATION {Clarence district) ; occupiers, Gilmore, J., and 
Southern, AY. ; area, 7680 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £14. 

COLDSTREAM, S., STATION [Clarence district) ; occupiers, Gilmore, J., and 
Southon, W. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 850 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

COLE CREEK {Co. Harden) is a small W. tributary of the Cunningham creek, 
crossing the road from Murrimboola to the Muttama gold field. 

COLEMBERAWANG NEW STATION (Bligh district) ; occupiers, Christie 
and Wentworth; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old 
charges, £10 ; new appraisement, £280. 

COLEMBEREWANG STATION (Bligh district) ; occupiers, Wentworth and 
Christie ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. The old charges were 
£123 15s. ; the recently appraised rental is £280. 

COLEMBERAWANG STATION [Bligh district) ; occupiers, Christie and 
Wentworth ; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £12. 

COLEMBERAWANG No. 4 STATION (Bligh district) ; occupiers, Christie and 
Wentworth; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£10 5s. 6d. 

COLEMBERAWANG No. 3 STATION [Bligh district) ; occupiers, Christie and 
Wentworth ; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £10. 

C0LIG0N (or Calegex) CREEK [Co. Townsend, Murrumbidgee district) is a 
tributary, or rather branch, of the Edward river, flowing through the flat swampy 
pastoral country to the S. of that river. This creek has has also an arm, flowing into 
the Neimur river. Pliocene tertiary. 

C0LIT0N {Co. Cumberland) is a small agricultural settlement, situated on the 
South creek, about 2 miles from the township of St. Mary's. Sandstone. 

COLKAMXMXNXMAN STATION {Murrumbidgee district); occupier, Peter, 
John ; area, 32,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £30 ; new ap- 
praisement, £55 Ss. 6d. 

COLLARENDIE STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Palgrave and Bigge ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £50 ; new appraise- 
ment, £65 12s. 6d. 

C0LLAR0Y {Co. Brisbane) is an agricultural settlement, lying about 10 miles 
E. of Cassilis. 

COLLECTOR (native name, Caligda), 34° 55' S. lat., 149° 29' E. long. [Co. 
Argyle), is a postal township in the parish of Collector, electoral district of Argyle, 
and police district of Goulburn. It is situated on the Collector creek, or water holes, 
lake George, a large saline sheet of water, 21 miles long by 7 miles broad, lying 2 miles 
distant S. There is 1 windmill, for grinding corn, in Collector, the surrounding dis- 
trict being chiefly an agricultural one. The stations of the hon. T. A. Murray, Cooper 
Brothers, and J. Chisholm, are in the neighbourhood. The nearest places are Gundaroo, 
24 miles distant, Bungendore, 26 miles, Gunning, 15 miles, and Goulburn, 23 miles, 
with which places there is communication by coach 3 times a week. With Sydney, 
148 miles, N.E., there is communication by coach, via Goulburn, to Picton, 75 miles, 
and thence by rail. The nearest telegraph station is Goulburn. The hotels are the 
Old Collector, White Horse, Wheat Sheaf, and Commercial. There is a post office, a 
public pound, and a court of petty sessions once a month ; also, 3 churches, Protes- 
tant, Roman Catholic, and Wesleyan, in the township. Collector is situated on a slight 
elevation, the surrounding country being mountainous, with intervening valleys and 
table land. The neighbourhood has not yet been found to be auriferous, except at Brook's 
creek, near Gundaroo, but copper is found at Currawong, near lake George. The 
geological formation is granite and limestone. 

C0LLER0Y STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Shepherd, Isaac ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Condobolin. 
Charges, £30. 

C0LLEWAR0Y BACK RUN STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, Glass 



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139 



and Corrigan ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £30 
new appraisement, £60. 

C0LLEWAR0Y STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Richard^ Ben. ; 
estimated area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1280 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £80 ; the recently appraised rental is £60. 

COLLEY CREEK [Co. Buckland) is a small N. tributary of Borambil creek^ 
flowing through ground taken up by A. Loder. Carbonaceous sandstone and schists. 
"With regard to the geology of this neighbourhood, Mr. W. Keene, examiner of coal- 
fields, says as follows : — "I therefore went to Colley creek, the station of Mr. Andrew 
Loder, and this gentleman at once offered to accompany me and point out the places 
from whence he had taken specimens in appearance identical with the brown cannel I 
had seen from Hartley. Frorn examination of the rocks I was able to determine that 
the geological position of this brown cannel is below the coal seams worked in the 
Newcastle field ; that, in fact, it forms the very base of our coal measures, and in 
such close contact with the porphyries that these latter are absolutely mixed up with, 
the lower portion of the cannel coal. I found two seams tilted at a high angle, 
running N. and S. , not far from, and parallel to each other, both of the same quality. 
I was the more desirous of determining the geological position of this coal, bscause a 
large piece from a block of brown cannel was given to me some time ago, which had 
been brought up by the buckets of the dredge working at the shallow known as Eales's 
flat, near Morpeth. On my return to the Hunter, with the knowledge acquired in 
my examination at Colley creek, I went to Eales's flat, and had the place pointed out 
to me where the dredge had been working. It is remarkable that I found it to be on 
the line of upthrow of the porphyries from the Williams river range, which I had long 
ago traced across the Hunter near to Morpeth, being the extension of the well-known 
Porphyr point, the residence of the late Dr. Carmichael. I, therefore, conclude that 
the piece brought up by the dredge, though a loose fragment, must belong to a deposit 
not far distant from the place where the fragment was found, and research will 
probably lead to the discovery of the seam. Geologists have defined that of cannel 
coals jet is an extreme variety in one direction, as batt, or carbonaceous shale, is in 
another, and the specimens I send will show you that we possess these varieties. I 
have taken the specific gravities of various specimens, and the richness in oily products 
will probably be found to decrease with augmentation in specific gravity — the heaviest 
leaving the greatest amount of solid residue after distillation. The Hartley stands 
first as of the lowest specific gravity ; the lake Macquarie, a coarse jet, is the heaviest,, 
being more than one-and-a-half times the weight of water, and that of Colley 
creek shows but little difference with the famous Boghead coal of Scotland, of 
which I am also able, through the kindness of Mr. Donaldson, to send a specimen* 
Specific gravity— Hartley, 1-064 ; Boghead, 1160 ; Colley creek, 1T66 ; dredge, T190 ; 
Stony creek, 1219 ; lake Macquarie, l - 560 ; chapapote, or mineral bitumen, from the 
cretaceous rocks of the S. of France, very pure, and fusible at 220° Fahrenheit, I '158. 
Our ordinary coals vary from 1 - 3 to 1 4. The small difference in specific gravity of 
the dredge specimen in excess of that of Colley creek maybe due to long contact with 
water ; it otherwise looks of good promise as a petroleum brown cannel, and, like to 
that of Hartley, ignites readily in the candle flame. The specimens, with the excep- 
tion of the chapapote, are all true massive cannel coals, and to call them shales is te 
misname them. Besides Colley creek, I heard of specimens having been picked up in 
other creeks at many distant places, particularly on the Warrah station, and I can 
ha\-e no doubt that brown cannel will be found where the porphyries have upheaved 
the lower coal measures, so as to render them accessible to the miners. The Boghead 
coal of Scotland is likewise found low down, if not at the base of the carboniferous 
series, for we are informed that it rests on a bed of fire-clay full of stigmaria, and is 
surmounted by shale and ironstone, with plants and shells (anthracosia). Sir Roderick 
Murchison likewise states that in the silurian rocks of Russia there are shales yielding 
25 per cent, of bitumen, and a considerable portion of inflammable gas, whilst in 
America solid bitumen is found in the lowest fossiliferous rocks. I am now looking 
for, but have as yet seen no signs of a petroleum spring. In a geological report to the- 
state of New York on the Seneca oil-springs, the government geologist observes, 
' there is no necessary connection between oil-springs and beds of coal. ' Mr. Keene 
also states that some of the Colley creek coal had been tested, and that it yielded at 
the rate of 150 gallons per ton of very good oil. The information came from a per- 
fectly disinterested person, and could, therefore, be relied on." 



HO 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



[Col 



COLLIE, 31° 40' S. lat,, 148° 20' E. long. {Co. Eicenmair), is a postal village, 
in the parish of Collie, electoral district of E. Bogan, and police district of Dubbo. 
It is situated on the Martaguy creek, 272 miles N.W. of Sydney, on the road from 
Mendooran to Bourke, the Castlereagh river flooring 27 miles E., the Macquarie river 
-30 miles W., the Merri-Merri creek 25 miles IS"., and the Ewenmajr creek 18 miles S. 
The Warrabungle range of mountains lie E.N.E. about 70 miles distant, and in 
them copper ore has been found. The district is almost exclusively a pastoral one, 
agriculture not having as yet received much attention. The nearest places are Men- 
dooran 60 miles E., Dubbo 75 miles S. by E., and Coonamble 80 miles N. With these 
-places there is communication by horse or dray only, the mail being carried to Men- 
dooran once a week by pack horse. With Sydney, 272 miles S. E. , the communica- 
tion is by mail coach from Mendooran, or from Dubbo to Penrith, and thence by 
Tail There is a post office and 1 hotel in Collie, the latter called the Martaguy Inn. 
The surrounding country is a grassy and salt brush plain for many miles on each side. 
The geological formation is older pliocene tertiary. The population of the village 
numbers 24 persons. 

C0LLINGULLY STATION {Murrumbidgee district); occupiers, M'Cullock 
and Sellors ; area, 10,560 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
tovm is Wagga-Wagga. The old charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental 
is £40. 

COLLINS' FLAT {Co. Argyle) is a tract of fine land lying on the road from 
Marulan to Bungonia, It is a swampy flat, lying 1SS0 feet above the level of the sea. 
The geological formation is of porphyry, intersected by white quartz rock, and 
throwing off thick beds of fossiliferous limestone, supporting fossiliferous limestone 
and conglomerate at an angle averaging from 19° to 2S°, with W. dip. 

COLLI STATION {Bligh district) ; occupiers, Bishop, Christina, and others J 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

C0LLYBARRELL STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Christie and Went- 
worth ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £10. 

C0LLYBARRELL, No. 2 STATION {Bligh district) ; occupiers, Christie and 
\k entworth ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £10. 

C0LLYBARRELL, No. 3 STATION {Bligh district) ; occupiers, Christie and 
Wentworth ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £10 5s. 6d. 

C0LLYBLUE STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Hamilton, 
Edward ; area, 39, 680 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The old charges were 
£60 ; the recently appraised rental is £230. 

C0LLYG0 STATION {Warrego district) ; occupiers, White, J. E. H. C, and E. ; 
araa, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

COLLYGrRAH STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Lloyd, C. W. 
and J. C. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £35. 

COLLYMUNGrOOL, E., STATION {Gicydir district) ; occupier, Pearse, J; ; 
area, 31,000 acres ; grazing capability. 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Moree. Old charges, £40 ; new appraisements, £180. 

COLO (Co. Cook) is a small postal township, situated on the Colo river, 15 miles 
W. of the junction of Webb's creek. It is in the electoral district of the Hawkesbury, 
and police district of the Hawkesbury. The district is a rich agricultural one, the 
soil being well adapted to the growth of all kinds of grain and other farm produce. 
The nearest townships are St. Albans, about 20 miles N.E., and Richmond, about 
the same distance S. E. The communication with these places is by horse or dray, 
and with Sydney, 66 miles S.E., by rail from Richmond, or by horse to Broken bay, 
and thence by steamer. There is" 1 hotel in Colo — the Traveller's Rest. The sur- 
rounding country is mountainous and heavily timbered. The population numbers 
264 persons, the number of dwellings, 44, and the area of the township about 1000 
acres. Ferruginous sandstone. 

COLOMBO CREEK {Co. Auckland) is a small S. tributary of the upper part of 
the Bemboka river, flowing into it at the Three Mile flat. Trap rock. 

COLOMBO CREEK (Murrumbidgee district) is a watercourse flowing through flat 



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141 



pastoral country in the counties Mitchell and Urania, and connecting the Yanko and 
Billabong creeks. It is, properly speaking, a branch of the former creek. In Owen's 
map, the whole of the Billabong creek, from its junction with this watercourse to its 
fall into the Edward river, is erroneously called the Colombo creek. Pliocene tertiary. 

COLONEL STATION (Wellington district); occupier, Trudgitt, Robert; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £35. 

COLONG MOUNT (Co. Westmoreland) is a remarkable square-topped hill, lying 
at the head of the Jooriland and Butcher's creeks, and about 10 miles S.W. of Burra- 
gorang. This mountain is clearly visible, in fine weather, from the Sydney South 
head light-house, a distance of 80 miles. Trap and sandstone. 

COLO RIVER {Cos. Roxburgh and Cook), also known as the second branch of the 
Hawkesbury, is a fine tributary of that river, rising near the Tayan Pic, and flowing 
S.E. Its upper portion, from its source to its junction with the Woolgan river, is 
known as the Capertee river. The Colo is fed by the Coco, or Cook's, Wollemi, and 
Wollangambe creeks, and the Wolgan river. It flows through rugged scrubby country, 
in many places exceedingly rocky and precipitous, and occasionally through good 
pastoral and agricultural land. Sandstone. 

C0LUGA MOUNT {Co. Dampier). See Mount Dromedary. 

C0LUMB0 CREEK STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Osborne, 
J. and H., junrs. ; area, 24,320 acres; grazing capability, 300 head, of cattle and 
sheep. The old charges were £31 10s. ; the recently appraised rental is £100. 

COLYER'S CREEK (Co. Beresford) is a small tributary creek of the upper 
Murrumbidgee river, rising to the S. of the township of Colinton, and flowing through 
that township after running about 4 miles along the E. side of the road from Cooma 
to Queanbeyan. It drains the rich pastoral country of the Monaro plains. Granite, 
slate, and trap rock. 

COMAE, A CREEK (Co. Dudley) is a small N. tributary of the Macleay river, 
fed by the Telegram creek. Sandstone and shale. 

C0MATAWA RANGE {Co. Wynyard) is a range of scrubby mountains, lying 
in good pastoral country to the W. of the Minbargo creek, and S. of Umutbee. The 
principal peak is mount Flint. Granite. 

C0MBAING STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Comans, James Michael ; 
area, 19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. Charges, £42 16s. 3d 

COME BY CHANCE STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Colless, 
William ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£32 10s. 

C0MBLEBUNG STATION (Clarence district) ; occupiers, M'Lean and Cowan • 
area, 24,960 acres ; grazing capability, 998 head of cattle. Charges, £45. 

C0MBL0UD0NGA STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Mendelson, 
Nepthali ; area, 12,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. Charges, £33 
8s. 9d. 

C0MB0GALANG STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Blackman, Wm. R. ; 
area, 24,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £15. 

C0MB0YNE MOUNT ( Co. Macquarie) is a high point in the Hastings range, 
lying about 30 miles S.W. of port Macquarie. Sandstone. 

C0NADILLY (or Mooki) RIVER ( Cos. BucHand and Pottinger) is a S. 
tributary of the Namoi river, rising in the N. slope of the Australian Alps (which at 
this place tends E. and W., and is called the Liverpool range), near the East bluff, by 
several small heads. Its upper part flows past the W. of the Australian Agricultural 
company's grant of 249 acres ; and it runs N. through the township of Gunnadilly, 
where the Hawkesbury Benevolent society have 1000 acres, and Breeza, into the 
Namoi at Gunnedah. This creek divides the counties of Buckland and Pottinger. It 
flows through good pastoral country, there being several small patches of good 
agricultural land on its banks, many of which are occupied. It is fed by the Yarri- 
manbah, Omateah, Barambil, Quirindi, Cubit ponds, and Carroll creeks. Upper and 
middle palseozoic. 



142 The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Con 



C01TAPAIRA STATION (Lachlan district); occupier, Wallis, William; area, 
48,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £90. 

CONARGO, 35° 21' S. lat., 145° 15' E. long. (Co. Townsend), is a postal town- 
ship in the parish of Conargo, electoral district of the Murray, and police district of 
DeniKquin. It is situated on the Billabong creek, near the Ten Mile and Yanko 
■creeks, and 22 miles from the Edward river. The district is almost exclusively a 
pastoral one, the long droughts, which occasionally prevail, rendering it unfit for 
agricultural pursuits. The nearest places are Deniliquin, 22 miles S., and Wangonilla, 
22 mile ? W., the communication being by Cobb's coach. With Sydney, 470 miles 
N.E., the communication is by Cobb's coach. There is a post office and store in the 
town, and the hotels are the Conargo and the Riverine. The surrounding country is 
general;'- fiat, intersected with numerous branches of the Billabong, and tolerably 
well gra sed and timbered with myall and box. To the N. of the township are some 
ranges of sandhills. Nearly the whole of the creeks and watercourses are dry for 
three-fov.rths of the year ; and, in order to furnish water to their flocks, the squatters 
in the district have commenced to erect large dams at considerable expense. The 
geological formation of the district is pliocene tertiary, overlaying beds of micaceous 
sandstone and altered shales. The population numbers about 40 persons. 

CG-TARG0 STATION (Co. Toivnsend). See Coonargo. 

COS* CORD {Co. Cumberland). One of the original districts of the county. It 
is bounded on the S. side by the Sydney road, between Iron cove and Hacking's 
creek ; on the W. side by Hacking's creek ; on the N. side by the Parramatta river ; 
and on the E. side by Iron cove creek. The geological formation is generally sandstone. 

C01TD0B0LIN, 33° 4' S. lat., 147° 8' E. long. {Co. Cunningham), is a postal 
township in the parish of Condobolin, electoral district of Murrumbidgee, and police 
district of Wagga-Wagga. It is situated on the Lachlan river, and on the road from 
Forbes to Balranald, Euston, and Victoria, and S. Australia. The district is ex- 
clusively a pastoral one, consisting of low, grassy, and saltbush plains. Forbes, the 
nearest telegraph station, lies 60 miles E., and Booligal, 175 miles W. ; the communi- 
cation being by horse or dray only, and the mail being carried from Forbes to Booli- 
gal via Condobolin twice a week. With Sydney, 292 miles E. , the communication is 
by Cobb's coach from Forbes to Penrith, and thence by rail. There is a post office 
-and I hotel, the Condobolin, in the township. The surrounding country is low aad 
flat, consisting of large pastoral plains, tolerably well grassed and intersected with, 
belts of mallee scrub. The geological formation is pliocene tertiary. The population 
numbers about 100 persons. 

CONDOLE CREEK {Co. Clarence) is a small N. tributary of the Sandon river. 

Sandstone. 

C02TD0NBLIN STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Lee, William ; area, 
19,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £183. 

C01TB00BLIN STATION {Wellington district) ; occupiers, Street, P. and A; 
estimated area, 25,600 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £50 ; the recently appraised rental is £82 10s. 

CDlvGrAI CREEK (Co. Inglis) is a small E. tributary of the Muluerindie river, 
rising in the W. slope of the Australian Alps, and flowing W. about 16 miles through 
the village of Congai into the main stream, about 12 miles E. of Bendemeer. Horn- 
blendic granite. 

CQ3TGAI DIGGINGS (Co. Inglis) is a small alluvial gold working, lying about 7 
miles distant from the township of Bendemeer, and included in that place. The Con- 
gai creek iiows through the village. Granite. 

CQKGrEWAI (Co. Nortlmmberland) is an agricultural settlement, lying about 12 

miles distant from Millfield. 

COITCxQLA (or Congurong) LAKE (Co. St. Vincent) is an arm of the sea, 
running inland, and having several distinct basins to the N. of Ulladulla. The 
Green inland lies opposite its entrance. The N. basin of this lake is exceedingly 
picturesque, and is frequented by large numbers of aquatic fowl. Granite. 

CONGTJDANGr, MOUNT (Co. Wellington) is a peak in the rugged hilly country 



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143 



to the X. of the Merinda gold field, and lying on the S. bank of the Cudgegong river. 
Trap rock. 

CONGE WARE, AH STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Cunningham, An- 
drew ; area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £40. 
CONIBUL CREEK (Co. Bathurst). See Cowmga Creek. 
C0NJUR0NG LAKE (Co. St. Vincent). See Coxgola Lake. 

C0NNALL0 STATION (MurrumUdgee. district) ; occupiers, M'Laurin and 
Sons ; area, 62,360 acres ; grazing capability, 250 head of cattle and 4000 sheep. The 
old charges were £70 ; the recently appraised rental, £238 0s. 6d. 

C0NNATJGHT MAN'S CREEK (Co. Harden) is a tributary of the Cunning- 
ham creek, rising in the low rugged range to the S. of the Burrangong gold field, and 
flowing S.E. about 20 miles. It is fed by the Two-mile creek. There is some toler- 
able agricultural land at the head of this creek. Metaniorphic. 

CONNOR'S CREEK (Co. Darling) is a small X. tributary of the Manila river, 
flowing through pastoral country into that river at Barraba. Granite, with alluvial 
deposit, and containing gold in the detritus. 

CONN STATION [Bligh district); occupier, Gibson, George ; area, 16,000 acres 
grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

C0N0B0LAS MOUNT (Co. Wellington). See Caxobolas Mount. 

C0N0IN0DINE (or Wool Shed) STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, 
Lawson, William, jun. ; area, 8000 acres ; grazing capability, 1500 sheep. Charges, 
£21 5s. 

CONROY'S CREEK (Co. Harden) is a small stream rising in the Black range, 
and flowing through good agricultural land into the Stony creek. Metamorphic. 

CONSTITUTION HILL ( Co. Cumberland) is a well-known hill in the parish of 
Alexandria, on the S. side of the Botany old road, at its junction with the road to 
Rand wick, and overlooking the Randwick race -course on the W. side. It is covered 
with sparse scrub. Sandstone, with sandy drift. 

C0NTARL0 No. 2 STATION [Lachlan district) • occupiers, Davenport, Power, 
and another ; area, 45,000 acres ; grazing capabilitv, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£30 10s. 

C00ANIMAN STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Rundle, J. B. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. The old charges were £25 ; the recently 
appraised rental is £35. 

C00AWAN MOUNT (Co. Roxburgh) is a peak in the Blue Mountain range, on 
the S. bank of the Cudgegong river, and about 6 miles S.E. of Dabee. Sandstone. 

C00BA BULGA CREEK (Co. Bligh) is a tributary of the head of the Mun- 
murra creek. 

C00BANG00LA CREEK (Co. Baradine, Liverpool plains district) is a small 
E. tributary of the Baradine creek, draining rich flat pastoral country. Basalt, with 
deep black alluvial deposit. 

C00BANG, W., STATION (Wellington district); occupier, Clements, David 
Charles ; estimated area, 38,400 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The 
old charges were £35 ; the recently appraised rental is £60. 

C00BEINDA STATION (Gicydir district) ; occupier, Adams, Henry ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. 

C00BUNG STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Cadell, Thomas ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £55. 

C00C00K RANGE (Co. Goulburn) is a chain of bold granite ranges, lying to 
the S. of the Billabung reserve, and to the E. of the village of Germanton. The high- 
est peak of the range lies on the N. bank of the Ten-mile creek, about 3 miles E. of 
Germanton, and is called Coocook hill. Granite slate and limestone. 

C00CUP STATION (MurrumUdgee district) ; occupier, Hay, John ; area, 
17,250 acres ; grazing capabilitv, 960 head of cattle. Old charges, £60 ; new appraise- 
ment, £10. 



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COODRADIGBEE RIVER {Co. Murray). See Goodradigbee River. 

COOEYPOLLY CREEK {Co. Buchland) is a N. tributary of the Quirindi creek, 
rising in the low scrubby ranges lying to the N. of Quirindi, and flowing S.W. 
through pastoral and agricultural land, taken up by J. Eales and others, into the 
Quirindi creek, at Nicholas lagoon reserve. Upper and middle palaeozoic. 

COOGEE {Co. Cumberland) is a small sea-side suburban village, lying on a sandy 
bight in the coast known as Coogee bay. It is in the parishes of Alexandria and 
Botany, the electoral district of Canterbury, and police district of Sydney. It is 
included within the municipality of Randwick, and is situated on a sandy flat at 
the bottom of the valley lying between Randwick village and the ocean, and on a 
small watercourse known as the Coogee creek. Coogee is an agricultural and horti- 
cultural locality, and is a favourite place of resort for picnic parties from Sydney, 
whence it lies distant about 6 miles S. E. There are numerous villa residences in 
Coogee, which is rapidly becoming a flourishing little place. The bay is a very 
beautiful one, being bounded at each end by massive broken rocks and towering 
cliff's. The ocean rollers, however, break in with such force as to prevent bathing, 
except at one spot at the N. end, where is a shallow, sheltered pool amidst the rocks. 
The beach has been recently bordered by a plantation of shrubs, amidst which 
tortuous walks have been constructed, and seats placed for the convenience of the 
public. There is abundance of good building stone in the neighbourhood, most of 
the houses being constructed of it. With Sydney and Randwick the communication 
is by omnibus, which runs twice on Sundays, and occasionally during the week. 
The surrounding district is hilly and rugged, and the geological formation ferruginous 
sandstone, overlaying carboniferous strata. The population is included in that of 
Randwick. 

COOKABURRA CREEK {Co. Oxley, Bligh district) is a small drainage into 
the head of the Beleringa creek. Pliocene tertiary. 

COOKAMUNBOIN STATION" (Wellington district) ; occupiers, Morehead and 
Young ; area, 24,000 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. Charges, £124 12s. 8d. 

C00KAND00N BACK STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Ryrie and 
Alexander ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Old charges, 
£30 ; new appraisement, £80. 

C00KAND00N STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Ryrie and Alexander ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The old charges were £50 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £80. 

C00KARDINIA CREEK {Co. Goulburn). See Jerra-Jerra Creek. 

C00KARDXNIA STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Post, John ; 
area, 14,250 acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£38 2s. 6d. j the recently appraised rental is £50. 

C00KBUND00N CREEK {Co. Cowky)is a small E. tributary of the Goodradigbee 
river, joining it at the crossing of the road from Yass to Kiandra, about 10 miles S. 
of its confluence with the Murrumbidgee. 

COOKBUNDOON RIVER {Co. Georgiana) is a fine stream, rising near mount 
Hobbs, and flowing in an E. N. E. direction through generally scrubby and broken 
country, and past the township of Tarlo into the Wollondilly river, near Mundialla. 
It is fed by the Murrang and Kerrawang creeks. Sandstone and schist. 

COOK is a county, bounded on the N.E. by the Colo river ; on the W. by 
Cook's creek to its source in the dividing range, by that range to the Honeysuckle 
hill, thence by Solitary creek to its junction with Antonio creek, at the boundary of 
Westmoreland ; on the S. by two small creeks from the dividing range, in a direction 
due E. from the aforesaid junction to Cox's river, one mile N. of the new road ; on 
the S. by Cox's river ; and on the E. by Warragamba, Nepean, and Hawkesbury, to 
the junction of the Colo as aforesaid. It is 60 miles in length, and 44 in breadth, 
and contains 1,065,600 acres. The Blue mountain range traverses this county. The 
population is 5032 persons. The number of freehold landholders in this county is 279, 
and of leaseholders 211. The extent of land in cultivation is 6967 \ acres. Under wheat 
there are 673 acres ; under maize, 41974 acres ; under barley, 56^ acres ; under oats, 
210| acres ; and under vine, 3 acres. The live stock consists of 4768 horses, 10,256 



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homed cattle, 1624 sheep, and 4526 pigs. In the county are 100 acres of unsold 
church and school land. 

COOK ISLAND ( Co. Rous) is a small rocky islet, lying off the coast between 
point Danger and Fingal point. Sandstone. 

COOKE ( Co. Cumberland) is one of the original districts of the county, bounded 
on the S. E. side by the Cowpasture road, on the N. side by the Bringelly road and 
Campbell's farm to Campbell's creek by that to the Nepean river, and on the S.W. 
side by the Nepean river. Sandstone. 

COOKEEMUDGrEEIN STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Eyrie and 
Alexander ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Charges, 
£30. 

COOK MUNICIPALITY (Co. Cumberland) lies to the W. of Sydney, and be- 
tween the municipalities of Newtown, Camperdown, and the Glebe. It was pro- 
claimed 13th Nov., 1862. The estimated annual value of rateable property within it 
is £7226 10s., from which (including government aid) it derived in the year 1864 an 
income of £452 18s. 8d. The expenditure during that year was £724 0s. 4d. The ex- 
tent of its streets and roads is 6 miles, and the number of registered electors 234. 

C00K00MI2TGALA CEEEK ( Co. Monteagk) is a fine W. tributary of the 
Boorowa river, rising and flowing in the undulating country to the N.E. of the 
Burrangong gold fields, and E. of Wambanumba, and flowing N.E. about 20 miles. 
It is fed by the Mountain Hut, Godfrey's, Deep, and Harry's creeks. Metamorphic 
slate. 

C00K0PIE PONDS {Co. Narromine, Bligh district) is a small creek, or chain 
of waterholes, which are connected only in wet weather, rising to the E. of the 
Goonamble hill, and flowing N.W. into the head of the Bogan river, through country 
taken up for pastoral purposes. The geological formation is lower palaeozoic, with 
pliocene tertiary overlying the older rocks. 

COOK'S CREEK [Co. Roxburgh). See Coco Cheek. 

COOK'S RIVER ( Co. Cumberland) is a fine stream falling into the head of the 
N. arm of Botany bay, where an excellent tidal dam is constructed across its mouth. 
This river separates the parishes of Petersham and St. George. Silurian. 

COOK'S VALE {Co. Georgians) is an agricultural settlement and gold workings, 
lying on the Cook's Vale creek. There is 1 hotel at the head of this vale, known 
as the Limerick Races Inn. Metamorphic slate and limestone. 

COOK'S VALE CREEK ( Co. Georgiana) is an auriferous S. tributary of the 
Abercrombie river, rising in the scrubby country to the N.E. of Binda, and flowing 
N.W. into the main stream on the Tuena gold fields, about 4 miles S.E. of Bombah. 
Metamorphic slate and limestone. 

COOKY'S FLAT (Co. Wellington) is a small alluvial and quartz diggings on the 
Burrendong gold fields. Slate and shale. 

C00KYD0WN STATION (Bligh district) ; occupiers, Cornish and Cruikshank ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

C00LABE0N (or Corrabare) MOUNT (Co. Northumberland) is a high peak 
in the Hunter range, lying on the S. bank of the Wollombi creek, and about 2 miles 
E. of the township of Wollombi. It is thickly timbered and scrubbed. Sandstone. 

COOLABURRAGrUNDY RIVER (Cos. Napier and Bligh) is a tributary of 
the upper end of the Erskine river. Granite and shale. 

C00LAC ( Co. Harden) is a small township, in the parish of Coolac, electoral 
district of the Lachlan, and police district of Binalong. It is situated on the Mut- 
tama creek, and on the road from Jugiong to Gundagai, and lies about 25 miles S. E. 
of Coramundra. There is a public house in the township, which contains a popula- 
tion of about 12 persons only. Granite and slate. 

C00LA CREEK ( Co. Clarence) is a small W. tributary of the Coldstream river, 
flowing through good agricultural land. Sandstone. 

C00LAJUNE MOUNT (Co. Rous). See Obelisk S. Mount. 

C00LAH, 31° 40' S. lat., 150° 45' E. long., is a postal village in the parish of 

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Coolali, electoral district of the Bogan, and police district of Dubbo. It is situated 
on the Coolahburagundi creek, the Talbragar river flowing 15 miles S.S.E. It lies 149 
miles W.N.W. from Maitland, and 245 miles N.W. from Sydney, on the main 
thoroughfare to the Lower Namoi, Barwon, Narran, and Culgoa rivers, and the 
principal route travelled by stock from those places to the Maitland, Sydney, and 
Melbourne markets. The district is an agricultural and pastoral one, the soil being 
alluvial, and the immediate and surrounding neighbourhood is thickly grassed, well 
watered by springs, and heavily timbered. The nearest places are Cassilis, the nearest 
telegraph station, 23 miles S.S.E. ; Denison Town, 22 miles, W.S.W. ; and Coona- 
barabran, 60 miles N.E. With these places the communication is by horseback only, 
and with Sydney by coach from Cassilis to Singleton, thence by rail to Newcastle, 
and thence by steamer ; or by horse to Mudgee, thence by coach to Penrith, and thence 
by rail. The distance by the former route is 239 miles, and by the latter 245 miles ; 
the former route is the most expeditious and desirable. There is 1 hotel, called the 
Squatter's Home. Coolah is under no local control, the roads being kept in repair by 
sums annually A^oted by parliament for "minor roads." The surrounding country is 
very mountainous, -with numerous rich arable flats intervening, much of the available 
land being taken up by small farmers. The geological formation is pliocene tertiary. 
The population of Coolah is about 60 persons. 

COOLAH STATION {Liverpool plains district) • occupier, Bagnatt, W. P. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32. 

C00LAMIGAL CREEK {Co. Roxburgh) is a S. tributary of the Turon river, 
rising in the E. slope of the Limekiln range, and flowing N.E. into the upper part of 
the main stream. D. M. Irving has 795 acres of land on this creek. Sandstone, 
limestone, and slate, with a few quartz veins. 

C00LAMIN CREEK {Co. Wellington) is a small W. tributary of the Macquarie 
river, rising in the Mullion's range, and flowing past mount Coolamin. It is fed by 
Bosh's creek. Metamorphic. 

COOLAMIN MOUNT {Co. Wellington) is a peak on the E. side of the road from 
Ophir to Stony creek gold field, and at the head of Bosh's creek. Metamorphic slate 
and granite. 

C00LANGATTA MOUNTAIN {Co. St Vincent) is a peak of the Shoalhaven 
range, rising to the height of 1000 feet above the level of the sea. It lies 3 miles N.E. 
of the village of Numba. The mountain is timbered with fine large ironbark and gum 
trees. The estate and residence of the Messrs. Berry is situated on a beautiful sloping 
range at its base. The geological formation is generally sandstone. 

COOLANGUBRA MOUNT {Co. Auckland) is the highest peak in the S. coast 
range. According to the measurement of the Rev. W. B. Clarke, this mountain at- 
tains an elevation of 3712 feet above the level of the sea. It is situated at the head 
of the Maharatta creek, aboiit 16 miles S.E. of the township of Bombala, and 18 miles 
S.W. of Wyndhani. The surrounding country consists of high precipitous mountain 
ranges, densely timbered with gum and honeysuckle, with broken country and deep 
valleys plentifully grassed and well suited to pastoral purposes. The geological forma- 
tion is metamorphic slate and granite. 

C00LAWINE CREEK {Co. Northumberland) is a small tributary of the Wol- 
lombi brook, falling into it a short distance above Wollombi. Sandstone. 

COOLIE STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Walker and Cornish ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. The old charges were £42 16s. 
3d. ; the recently appraised rental is £80. 

C00LEG0NG STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Parry and Moroney ; 
area, 17,760 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were i'38 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £75. 

C00LEMAN HOLES STATION {Lachlan district) ■ occupier, Wallis, William ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £40. 

C00LEMAN STATION {Murrumbklgee district) ; occupier, uncertain ; area, 
25,000 acres. 

C00L0B0NG STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupiers, Eales and Doyle ; area, 
35,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. Charges, £32. 



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C00L00MAN STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, O'Rourke, David ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £25. 

C00L00MBATTA CREEK {Co. Dudley) is a smaU E. tributary of the 
Christmas creek. Sandstone. 

COOLRINGrDONG CREEK ( Co. Wallace) is the name of the E. branch of the 
Warubrook creek. It rises in the broken ground to the W. of the hill of the same 
name. Trap rock. 

COOLRINDONGr HILL {Co. Beresford) is a lofty peak, lying in the S.W. part 
of the county, and in the open country to the X. of the Monaro range of mountains. 
It is situated on the W. side of the road from Gipps Land to Cooma, and the X. of 
the road from Kiandra to the same place, of which it lies about 7 miles S. W. Trap 
rock and graidte. 

C00LRINGKD0NG STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Bradley, William; 
area, 26,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £105. 

C00LUMBAL0 CREEK {Co. Bathurst) is an E. tributary of Lewis' ponds, 
flowing past the village reserve of the same name. Sandstone and schist. 

C00LUMBAL0 MOUNT {Co. Bathurst ) is a high hill, lying about 6 miles S. 
of the Ophir diggings. 

COGLUMBOQKA RIVER {Co. Wellesley) is an important tributary of the 
upper part of the Bombala river, rising in the rugged country to the X. E. of Cath- 
cart, through which township it flows, joining the main stream at Bombala township, 
after a course of about 30 miles. Granite and trap rock, with quartz-bearing slate. 

C00MA, 36 : 13' S. lat., 149 : 9' E. long. {Co. Beresford), is a postal township in 
the parish of the same name, electoral district of Monaro, and police district of 
Cooma. It is situated on the two branches of Cooma creek, the Umarella river flowing 
at a distance of 9 miles X., the Murrain bidgee river 5 miles X.W., and the Snowy 
river 30 miles S. There is a steam Hour mdl (Montagu's) in the township, which is 
situated in a pastoral and agricultural district. A coal field has been lately discovered 
at Myalla creek, in the neighbourhood, and is being worked by Messrs. Harnett and 
Montagu, who have established a mine upon it. The nearest places are Bunyan, 6 
miles X., and NimmitibeL 22 miles S.E. , with which places there is commimication by 
mail-coach. With Sydney, 296 miles X. X. E. , the communication is by Cobb's coach, viaV 
Goulbum to Picton, and thence by rail. Cooma has a good hospital and benevolent 
asylum combined, a post and money-order office, a telegraph office, also, cpiarter ses- 
sions, district and police courts, a flourishing literary institute, having 60 members, and a 
cattle stealing prevention society, branches of the Commercial and City banks, and of 
the Liverpool and London and Globe, and Australian Mutual Insurance companies. 
There is 1 well conducted newspaper, the Monaro Mercury. The hotels are the Cooma 
(Solomon's), Royal (Hain's), Victoria (Barr ; s), Australian Arms (Welch's), Plough Inn 
(Ward's); and Free Selection Inn (Lucas 1 ), at the first of which is the mail coach book- 
ing office. The height above sea level is 2637 feet. Mean shade temp., 40 J ; max. 
shade temp. , 66°; min. shade temp., 40.° Depth of rainfall, 16 inches. The sur- 
rounding country is mountainous to the S. , with undulating plains to the E. Much 
of the available agricultural land is taken by free selectors. The geological formation 
consists of masses of basalt, and other trappean rocks, assuming the shape of low bosses 
of some breadth, and seeming to have flowed from fissures in the granite. The popu- 
lation numbers 370 persons. Cooma gold field lies in the neighbourhood of Cooma, 
and consists of several workings on the various auriferous creeks flowing into the 
Murrumbidgee river, at and near its most S. point. The quantity of gold received by 
escort from the Cooma gold fields during the year 1864 was 147 ozs. , which, at £3 
14s. lOd. per oz. , was of the total value of £553 Is. lOd. 

Cooma is a police district, embracing a portion of the pastoral district of Monaro, 
and is bounded on the X. by the S. boundary of the county of Murray, being, from 
mount Tumanwong, a small creek falling to the Queanbeyan river, that river, down- 
ward, to the confluence of Tinderry creek, that creek to its source at Tinderry Pics, 
and Micaligo creek, thence to the Murrumbidgee river, thence by the Murrumbidgee 
river, upwards, to the confluence of Gap creek, and thence by the Gap creek and the 
tributary to it, which rises at mount Clear, thence by the range which separates the 
Falls going direct to the Murrumbidgee from those going to Xaas valley creek, the 



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Gudjanby, Cotter, and Goodradigbee rivers, until that range joins the main range- 
between the Tumut and Mnrrumbidgee, and by that range until it joins the great 
dividing range ; on the W. by the great dividing range to the soiirce of Tongaroo or 
Jacob's river ; on the 8. by that river, to its confluence with the Snowy river, and by the 
Snowy river, upwards, to the confluence of the M'Laughlan river, and thence by the 
range dividing the waters of the M'Laughlan river from those of the Snowy and 
Umaralla rivers, to the great dividing range ; and on the E. by the great dividing 
range, X. , to the S. boundary of the county of Murray aforesaid. The places of petty 
sessions are Cooma, Kiandra, and Nimmitibel. 

COOMA BACK CREEK ( Co. Beresford), a tributary of the Cooma creek, rising 
on the W. of the Three Brothers, and flowing about 10 miles N. through a pastoral 
country, with steep undulations. Basalt and granite. 

COOMA CREEK (Go. Beresford) is a tributary of the Umarella river, rising in 
Jinny Brother, a peak of the Kiandra ranges, and flowing N. about 30 miles through 
the township of Cooma, which is situated on its banks, about 12 miles from its mouth. 
It also flows past the township of Bunyan. It waters good pastoral country in its 
course, and is fed by the Cooma, Back, and Rock flat creeks. Masses of basalt and 
other trappean rocks, assuming the shape of low bosses of some breadth, and seeming 
to have flowed from fissures in the granite. 

COOMA HILL {Co. Beresford) is a lofty peak, lying in the open forest 
ranges to the S.W. of Cooma, about 3 miles distant from that place, and on the E. 
side of the Cooma and Gipp's land and Kiandra road. Trap rock and granite, with 
overflow of basalt. 

C00MAN00NA. BACK RUN STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Rundle, 
J. B. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £30 ; new 
appraisements, £60. 

COOMA, (N. ), STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Bradley, William ; area, 
19,520 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. Charges, £110. 

COOMA STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Eales, John; estimated 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £45. 

COOMA, (S.), STATION {Monaro district); occupier, Bradley, William; area, 
15,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £100. 

COOMA, TURNER'S STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Bradley, William ; 
area, 5000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £70. 

C00MAE00Y LAKES {Co. Wakool) is a group of small lakes, or lagoons, 
forming, in dry weather, a network of swamps, overgrown with salsolaceous plants, 
and in the wet season an extensive shallow lake, lying on the N. bank of the Murray 
river, about 30 miles N.W. of the crossing-place at Swan hill (Victoria). There are 
8 lagoons in all, known as Coomarooy, Geno, Geer, Poompur, Wooromur, Poomia, 
Goonimur, and Woollere. They lie between the Murray and the Wakool rivers, 
and connect the two in time of flood. Older pliocene tertiary. 

C00MBABA STATION [Bligh district); occupier, Neale, John Thomas; 
estimated area, 20,000 ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£60 ; the recently appraised rental is £105. 

C00MBING CREEK {Co. Bathurst) is a S. tributary of the Belubula river, 
rising in the rugged, swampy country lying to the S. of Carcoar, and flowing N.E., 
across the Rockley and Cowra road, about 16 miles. Coombing creek receives the 
overflow of the Macquarie swamp, and has good agricultural land on both banks, 
much of which is taken up by small farmers. The geological formation is sandstone, 
with black alluvial drift. 

COOMBING MOUNT ( Co. Bathurst) is a lofty lull, overlooking the Coombing 
creek, and attaining an altitude of 3500 feet above the level of the sea. Sandstone. 

C00MIER CREEK {Co. Mitchell) is a small drainage creek, carrying off the 
overflow of the Doodle swamp into Major's creek. It flows about 6 miles S.E. 
Pliocene tertiary. 

C00NABARABEAN, 31° 20' S. lat., 149° 20' E. long. {Co. Leichardt), is a postal 



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township, in the parish of Coonabarahran, electoral district of the Bogan, and police 
district of Dubbo, of which district it is the northernmost station. It is situated on the 
Castlereagh river, 6 miles from its source, and on the main road from the Barwon and 
Namoi rivers to Sydney, from which place it lies distant 294 miles N. W. At a dis- 
tance of 1 \ miles W. of the township is a small conical shaped bold mountain called 
Nandi, at the foot of which a small creek of the same name falls into the Castle- 
reagh. The district is at present almost wholly pastoral, there being, however, two 
or three small farms in the neighbourhood, and a considerable quantity of good agri- 
cultural land to the E. along the Castlereagh, the whole of which land was to be opened 
for free selection at the beginning of 1866. The soil of this tract is rich and well 
watered. The nearest places are, Baradine, 30 miles N.W., Mendooran 60 miles S. by 
W., Coolah 60 miles S.S.E. , and Cassilis (the next telegraph office), 87 miles S.E. 
The communication to these places is by horse or dray only. With Sydney, 294 
miles S.E., the communication is from Cassilis to Muswellbrook twice a week by 
coach, thence by Gill's coach to Singleton, thence by rail to Newcastle, and thence 
by steam. Coonabarahran has a post office, a court of petty sessions, and a police 
station. There are several stores and shops, and 2 hotels— the Castlereagh Inn 
(Kerr's), and the Traveller's Home (Field's). The surrounding country is generally 
undulating and heavily timbered, chiefly with box and appletree, and forms excellent 
pasturage. Parts of it are well adapted for agricultural purposes, and the whole dis- 
trict has an advantage OA r er most parts so far inland, in having a never failing supply 
of good water in the driest seasons. The geological formation of the neighbourhood 
is chiefly sandstone and granite. Gold has been found in the direction of the head of 
the Castlereagh, but only in a few specks. The population of Coonabarahran, not 
inclusive of that of the several stations in the locality, where there are at times a 
large number of persons employed, is about 200. 

COONABAEAJBRAET STATION {Blkjh district) ; occupier, Montefiore, Jacob 
L. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Charges, £40. 

C00NALHUGGA ANA BRANCH {Co. Menindee, Darling district) is a small 
<reek leading out of the Darling into some swampy country on the W. of that river, 
-about 25 miles below Menindee. 

C00NALHUGGA STATION {AWert district) ; occupier, Dunn, Joseph; area, 
44,800 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. 
Charges, £130. 

C00DTAMBXBGAL CREEK {Co. Towmend) a small branch or tributary of the 
Edward river, joining it to the W. of Denilicpiin. Its banks are swampy. 

COONAMBLE, 30° 59' S. lat., 148° 25' E. long. {Co. Leichardt), is a postal town- 
ship in the electoral district of the Bogan, and police district of Coonamble. ' It is 
situated at the junction of the Castlereagh river and the Coonamble creek, which 
latter forms a large lagoon near the junction, about 14 miles long and 70 yards wide. 
The Warrena creek lies to the E. and the Magoundie mountain about 20 miles N.E., 
the latter forming a conspicuous landmark in the district. The country about Coon- 
. amble is almost entirely pastoral, consisting of large sheep and cattle stations. The 
nearest places are Dubbo, 70 miles S., Coonabarahran, 80 miles S.E., and Mendooran, 
100 miles S. , with which places the communication is by horse or dray only. With 
Sydney, 298 miles S. E. , the communication is by horse or dray to Dubbo, and thence 
by mail coach via Wellington to Penrith, whence trains run throughout the day. 
Also by horse via Mendooran to Mudgee and thence by the mail route, the distance 
by this line being 320 miles. The hotels in Coonamble are the Exchange, Coonamble, 
. and Royal. There is a post office and a police station in Coonamble, the nearest tele- 
graph station being at Wellington. The surrounding country consists of large flat 
plains, the geological formation being pliocene tertiary. The population is small and 
scattered. 

Coonamble is a police district, embracing part of the pastoral district of Bligh, 
-and bounded on part of the S. from the confluence of Merrygoen creek with the 

• Castlereagh river, by that river, upwards, 3 miles, to the N. E. corner of reserve from 
lease No. 4, notified 2nd August, 1855 ; thence by the E. boundary of that reserve, 
S., to Merrygoen creek, and by that creek, upwards, to the crossing of the road from 
Mendooran to Talbragar, and thence by that road to the W. boundary of the county 

'Of Bligh, and thence by the W. boundary of the count v of Bligh, N.E., to the Liver- 



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pool range ; tlience on the N.E. by the range dividing the waters of the Namoi and 
Castlereagh rivers, N.W., to its intersection with a line, from the confluence of 
Moalma creek with the Castlereagh to the crossing of the road from the Castlereagh 
to the Namoi river, over Baradine creek, about 1^ miles above Bungle gully station ; 
thence on the N. by that line to that confluence ; thence on the W. and on the 
remainder of the S. by the Castlereagh river, upwards, to the confluence of Merrygoen 
creek with that river, aforesaid. The places of petty sessions are Coonamble and 
Coonabarabran. 

COONAMBLE CREEK (Co. Leichardt, Bligh district) is an E. tributary of the 
Castlereagh river, draining the flat pastoral country known as the Baronne plains, and 
falling into the main stream at Coonamble. Pliocene tertiary and alluvial deposit, on 
silurian rocks. 

COONAMBLE, OPP., STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Neale, John Thos. ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £32 10s. 

COONAMBLE STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Walker, Mrs. B, B. ; 
area, 50,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1500 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£92 16s. ; the recently appraised rental is £200. 

C00NAM00NA STATION (Bligh district) ■ occupier, Bundle, J. B. ; area, 
24,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the recently 
appraised rental is £60. 

C00NAEG0 BLOCK (A) STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Camp- 
bell, William; area, 48,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Conargo. Charges, £110. 

C00NAEG0 BLOCK (B) STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Camp- 
bell, William ; estimated area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The 
old charges were £41 10s. ; the recently appraised rental is £120. 

C00NAEG0 BACK EUN (C) STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier,. 
Campbell, William ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges,. 

C00NAEG0 BLOCK (D) STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, uncer- 
tain; area 2 20,480 acres. 

C00NAEG0 BLOCK (E) STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, uncer- 
tain ; area, 20,780 acres. 

C00NBAEALBA EANGE (Albert district) is a chain of low sandstone hills in 
the vast plains to the W. of the Darling river, and rising out of a barren and rocky 
country. This range lies near the line dividing the colony from South Australia. 
Pliocene tertiary, with stony ranges and sandhills. 

C00NBAEALBA STATION (Albert district); occupier, Hogg, James; area, 
128,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

C00NBAEALLA STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Bald, Ceo. T. ; area, 
128,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

C00NBILLY STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, Cox and Dowling ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

COONEY'S CEEEK (Co. Harden). See Kitticarrara Creek. 

C00NGHAN, E., STATION (Givydir district) ; occupiers, Eichardson and 
Wrench; area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. Charges,[£32. 

C00NGHAN STATION (Givydir district) ; occupiers, Eichardson and Wrench ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. Charges, £32. 

C00N0-C00N0 CEEEK (Co. Pottinger) is a W. tributary of the Conadilly 
river, flowing through the pastoral country N. of the Liverpool ranges. Upper and 
middle pakeozoic. 

C00N0NG CEEEK (Co. Urana, Murrumbidgee district) a small creek, draining 
the flat pastoral country to the N. of Urana, and emptying itself into the Urana lake. 

C00N0NG STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Wilson, J. C. and S. ; 
area, 25, 600 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The old charges were £60 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £159 lis. 



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COOPERACURRABA RIVER (Co. Macquarie). See Nowendoc River. 
COOPER is a county in the pastoral district of the Lachlan, "containing 106 acres 
of alienated land. Its present boundaries, however, are open to modification. 

COOPER [MOUNT (Co. Wellesley) is a lofty peak on the W. of mount Cooper 
creek, lying in good forest country, about 12 miles S. of Nimmitabel. A. Jeffreys 
has 320 acres to the S. of this hill. Metamorphic slate and basalt. 

COOPER'S GULLY (Co. Auckland) is a small gully amidst rugged ranges, lying 
to the N.W. of the town of Bega. Trap formation. 

COOPER'S SWAMP (Co. Argyle) is a large morass, lying to the E.' of lake 
Bathurst, and in the parish of Mullengullenga. In very wet seasons this swamp 
forms part of the lake itself. Fluviate deposit. 

C00PLACUPLA STATION (New England district) ; occupiers, Newton, Kent, 
and Bulman ; area, 12,800 acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. Charges, £34. 

C00PLACURRAPA, UPPER, STATION (New England district) ; occupier, 
Kent, Chas. ; area, 12,800 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£31 Is. 

C00RABERRIMA STATION (Lachlan district); occupier, White, James; 
area, 33,920 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£50 ; the recently appraised rental is £180. 

C00RALD00RAN CREEK (Co. Gough) is a small N. tributary of the MitcheU 
river. Sandstone. 

C00RALLIE STATION ( Warrego district). See Courallie. 

C00RA STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupiers, Hoskinson, John ; area, 46,080 
acres ; grazing capability, 1760 head of cattle. The old charges were £110 ; the recently 
appraised rental is £150. 

C00REE STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, De Sailly and Francis ; area, 
64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 15s. 

C00RIE MOUNT (Co. Durham) is a high mountain lying about 1 mile to the E. 
of the township of Dungog. It presents a peculiarly barren appearance, especially 
near its summit, and is composed of ferruginous sandstone and limestone. Its base is 
timbered with gum and stringy bark. 

C00RIDQ0N MOUNT (Co. Buchland) is a detached peak lying to the N.E. of 
the township of Gunnedah. Ferruginous sandstone. 

C00RM0R STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Dangar, Thos. Gordon; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £10. 

C00R00NG00BA CREEK (Co. Phillip) is a small tributary of the head of the 
Cudgegong river, rising in mount Cooroongooba, and flowing N. through rugged 
scrubby country. Sandstone and conglomerate. 

C00R0NG00BA MOUNT (Co. Phillip) is a high peak in the Blue mountain 
range, lying in the S. E. corner of the county, and at the head of the Cudgegong river. 
Sandstone. 

COORUMBUITG (Go. Northumberland) is a village reserve, lying about 18 miles 
S. from Maitland. 

C00TALANDRA STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Bradley, William ; 
area, 7680 acres ; grazing capability, 2200 sheep. Charges, £45. 

C00TAM0NDRA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Hurley, John ; area, 
49,920 acres ; grazing capability, 1920 head of cattle. The old charges were £100 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £133 6s. 8d. 

C00TAMUNDRA (Co. Harden). See Coramundra. 

C00TAMUNDRY CREEK (Go. Harden) is a small W. tributary of the 
Muttama creek, flowing on the S. side of the township of Cootamundry. 

C00YAL CREEK (Co. Phillip) is a fine stream, rising in the W. slope of the 
Australian Alps, and flowing through good agricultural land, much of which is taken 



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up in small farms, and through the village of Cooyal into the Wialdra creek. It is 
fed by the Stony creek. Ferruginous sandstone and conglomerate. 

COOYANDEROY CREEK {Co. Narromine, Bligh district) is a small W. tribu- 
tary of the head of the Bogan river, flowing through flat sandy plains, with Myall 
scrub. Pliocene tertiary. 

COPABELLA (Go. Goulburn). See Coppabella. 

COPER STATION {Wellington district); occupier, Ridge, Richard; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Can- 
nonbar. Charges, £30. 

COPE'S CREEK ( Co. ffardinge, New England district) is an E. tributary .of the 
Gwydir river, fed by the Auburn Vale creek. Hornblendic granite. 

COPE'S CREEK STATION {New England district) ; occupier, McKenzie, James; 
estimated area, 26,400 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The old charges were 
£40 ; the recently appraised rental is £60. 

COPMANHURST, 29° 41' S. lat., 152° 48' E. long. {Co. Clarence), is a postal 
township in the parish of Copmanhurst, electoral district of the Clarence, and 
police district of Grafton. It is situated on the N. bank of the Clarence river, 20 
miles N.W. of Grafton, on the old line of road between that place and Newbold 
Grange, at the head of the navigation of the Clarence. The tide of the Clarence 
river rises 18 inches at Copmanhurst. Mount King William lies to the N. and mount 
Mulligun N. W. ; both these mountains are rocky, poorly grassed, and heavily tim- 
bered. The district is agricultural and pastoral, there being a small alluvial diggings 
(Congai) about 30 miles to the W. The nearest township is Grafton, about 20 miles 
N. W. , Newbold grange station being 8 miles W. , and Ramononie station 2 miles S. 
The communication is by horse alone ; that with Sydney being by steamer from 
Grafton. There are no hotels in Copmanhurst, the nearest being the Bellevue Hotel, 
about 13 miles N.W. The surrounding country is a fine level flat of rich and well- 
grassecl soil, formerly known as Smith's flat, and hemmed in by ridges of low stony 
hills. The population numbers about 150 persons, the number of dwellings being 26. 

COPPABELLA {Co. Goulburn) is a postal township in the parish of the same 
name and electoral district of the Hume. It is situated on the Coppabella creek, the 
Yarrara creek flowing at a distance of 4 miles W. The district is pastoral, with 
good alluvial diggings lying about 4 miles distant from the township. The nearest 
places are Tumberumba, a township situated 20 miles E. , and Albury 30 miles S. , the 
communication being by horse or dray, and the mail being conveyed on horseback. 
With Sydney, 380 miles N. , the communication is from Ten-mile creek, by coach via 
Gundagai. The quarter sessions are held at Albury, and the petty sessions and dis- 
trict court at Tumberumba. The nearest telegraph station is at Albury. The sur- 
rounding country is much elevated and mountainous, all the creeks being tributary to 
the Murray river. The geological formation is schistose, with granite on the upper 
part of the ranges. The population is small and scattered. 

COPPABELLA CREEK {Co. Goulburn). See Cappabella Creek. 

COPPABELLA STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Robinson, W. J. ; 
estimated area, 19,000 acres ; grazing capability, 240 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £38 2s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £30. 

COPPABELLA SWAMP {Co. Goulburn) is a tract of marshy country, lying on 
the Coppabella creek, amidst the high broken country formed of mica schist and 
granite. Alluvial and fluviatile drift. 

C0PPESBELLA STATION (Lachldn district) ; occupier, Lahane, Jeremiah ; 
area, 32,640 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 sheep. The old charges were £100 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £120. 

C0PPERHANNIA CREEK {Co. Georgiana) is a creek draining the rugged 
country lying N. W. of the township of Bombah. It rises in the Long swamp, and 
flows S. about 20 miles, being fed by the Mulgana and Camp creeks. Metamorphic 
slate and granite. 

COPPYMTJERUMBXLLAH STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupier, Brown, 
John; area, 44,800 acres ; grazing capability, 1440 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £90 ; the recently appraised rental is £150. 



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COP, THE (Co. Gresham), is a high peak in the Macleay range, lying at the head 
of the Henry river, and about 20 miles S. E. of Stonehenge. Sandstone and granite. 

CORAH STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Page, Jude ; area, 16,000 acres ; 
grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. Charges, £50. 

C0RAMUNDRA (or Cootamundra) 34° 40' S. lat., 148° 2' E. long. (Co. Harden), 
is a small postal township in the parish of the same name, electoral district of the 
Lachlan, and police district of Binalong. It is situated on the Muttama creek 
(which is dry in summer, and on which a dam is much needed), and 1 mile from 
Hurley's creek, and on the main line of road between Yass and Wagga-Wagga, 75 
miles from Yass, 60 miles from Wagga-Wagga, 35 miles from Young, and 40 miles 
from Gundagai. Mount Coghlan stands 1 mile from the township ; it is lightly 
grassed, a,nd well timbered with stringy bark and white gum, and contains abundance 
of good blue stone. The district is an agricultural and pastoral, and is likely to 
become a mining one, the Eurongilly diggings being 33 miles distant S., and the 
neighbourhood of the township being favourably spoken of by experienced miners who 
are at present prospecting in the locality. The nearest places are Bethungra, 15 miles 
S.W. ; Stockinbingy, 15 miles W. ; Wombat, 25 miles N. ; Murrumburrah, 25 miles 
E. ; and Coolac, 25 miles S. E. The communication with these places is by horse and 
dray only, the mails being carried on horseback. With Sydney, 246 miles 1ST. E. , the 
communication is by mail coach to Picton, and thence by rail. The telegraph wire 
passes through the township, but there is as yet no station, although one would be of 
great benefit to the district. Coramundra has a post office, a police station, and a 
Young Men's Mutual Improvement society. The hotels are the Albion (Barnes's) and 
the Farmer's Arms (Quinlan's). The surrounding country is elevated, well grassed 
and timbered, and highly suitable for agricultural purposes. Prospecting parties are 
working in search of payable gold within 2 miles from the township, and are sanguine 
of success. The township itself is an extremely promising one, and has made rapid 
progress since its establishment 3 years ago, when the sale of town allotments took 
place at Gundagai. It is beautifully situated, and the neighbourhood abounds with 
fine bluestone, suitable for building purposes and for road metal. There is also good 
clay for brick making, and an establishment for this branch of industry has been 
started by Messrs. Giles and Co. The geological formation is metamorphic. The 
population numbers about 100 persons. 

CORANGr, 35° 12' S. lat., 150° 5' E. long. (Co. St. Vincent), is a postal township 
in the parish of Corang, and electoral and police districts of Shoalhaven. It is 
situated within a mile to the N. of the Corang river, and 3 miles E. of the Shoalhaven 
river. The district is principally pastoral, there being some small alluvial diggings 
along the banks of the Shoalhaven. Braidwood, the nearest telegraph station, lies 
distant 28 miles S.W., and Nowra 55 miles N.E. With those places the communica- 
tion is on horseback only. With Sydney, 212 miles N., the communication is by 
steamer from Nowra, or by coach from Braidwood to Picton, and thence by rail. 
There is an hotel in the township, called the Travellers' Rest. The surrounding 
■country is wild and mountainous, and thickly scrubbed and wooded with fine timber. 
It lies at a considerable elevation, and from it large herds of fine fat cattle are 
obtained. The geological formation is porphyritic granite and trap rock. The 
population of Corang numbers about 50 persons. 

CORANG RIVER ( Co. St. Vincent) is a stream rising in the W. slopes of the 
Pigeon House mountain, and flowing N.W. about 20 miles into the Shoalhaven river. 
It is fed by the Jerricknorra and Nodgungulla creeks. Porphyritic granite and trap. 

CORCALGONGr MOUNT (Co. Wellington) is a peak in the high table land to E. 
of the Louisa creek gold field, and on the S. bank of Campbell's creek. It lies about 6 
miles S.W. of the township of Cudgegong. Trap rock. 

C0RCELA CREEK (Co. Butter) is a small stream flowing into the Clarence 
river, about 28 miles N.E. of Maryland. 

CORCORAN'S CREEK (Co. Harden) is a small stream rising in the flat country 
to the S.W. of the township of Boorowa, and flowing N.E. into the Boorowa river, 
near the intersection of the Murrumboola and Boorowa and Murringo and Bowning 
roads. Metamorphic slate and granite. 

CQRDEAUX RIVER (Co. Camden) is a fine stream rising in the W. side of the 



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coast ranges, near Wollongong, and flowing through a wide rocky chasm in a N.W. 
direction into the Nepean river, near Picton. It is crossed by the road from Campbell- 
town to Wollongong, the crossing place being over a small bridge at the bottom of a 
deep gully with almost perpendicular sides, in which the roadway is cut. Sandstone. 

COREE MOUNT (Co. Cowley). See Pabral Mount. 

COREEN STATION (Murrumbiclgee district) ; occupier, Gemmell, John ; area, 
5S,880 acres ; grazing capability, 18,000 sheep. The nearest post town is Albury. 
The old charges were £60 ; the recently appraised rental is £112. 

C0S.EE STATION {Murrumbiclgee district) ; occupier, Tyson, James ; area, 
15,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Deniliquin. 
Old charges, £140 ; new appraisement, £568 12s. 6d. 

C0REG0 STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Dufneld, Walter; area, 57,600 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £83. 

C0REXNB0B CPvEEK (Co. Wynyard) is a small creek rising near mount 
Coreinbob, and flowing N. through unsurveyed country. It is supposed to unite 
with Mate's gully, and to flow across the Pulletop-road through Major Mitchell's 
gully into the Tarcutta creek. Granite and shale. 

C0RIGUDGY MOUNT (Co. Hunter) is the highest peak in the Hunter range, 
and lies at the head of the Cudjegoug river, about 25 miles E. of Dabee. It attains 
an elevation of 3000 feet above sea level. Sandstone. 

CORNISH SETTLEMENT (Co. Bathurst) is a small village, lying near the 
township of Guyong. There is a copper mine in the village, which is, however, not 
worked at present. Slate and Shale. 

C0R0BXNA STATION (Murrumbiclgee district) ; occupier, Gurney, Thomas ; 
area, 15,800 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £20. 

C0R0BXNGLE STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Watt, D. ; area, 16,000 

acres ; grazing capability, 1000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

C0R0KGA PEAK, E., BACK STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Duffy, 
C. G. ; area, 41,440 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

CORONGA PEAK, W., BACK STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Duffy, 
C. G. ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, uncertain. Charges, £30. 

CORQMxA PEAK, E., BACK STATION (Warrego district); occupier, Duffy, 
C. G. ; area, 50, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

COEONG-A PEAK, E., STATION (Warrego district); occupier, Anderson, R. S.; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

C0R0NGA PEAK STATIOX (Warrego district); occupier, Anderson, R. S; 
area, 52,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

C0RQNGA STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, uncertain ; area, 25,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, uncertain. 

C0R00 MOUNT (Co. Beresford). See Brothers. 

CORORE STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Fitzgerald, Robert ; area, 
38,400 acres ; grazing capability, 2080 head of cattle. The old charges were £130 - r 
the recently appraised rental is £140. 

C0R0WA (Co. Hume) is the name of a government township, which as yet 
exists oidy on the government maps. The real township is a private one, about 3- 
miles distant, on the banks of the Murray river, and known as Wahgunyah North, 
which see. 

C0RPL0NDRINGA STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, uncertain ;. 
estimated area, 12,000 acres ; grazing capability, unknown. The old charges were 
£33 8s. 9d. ; the recently appraised rental is £27 10s. 

C0RRABARE MOUNT (Co. Northumberland). See Coolabeon Mount. 

C0RRIMUL MOUNT (Co. Camden) is a high peak of the Illawarra range, over- 
hanging the hamlet of Bellambi, and lying about 4 miles N. of Wollongong. It stands- 



Cor— Cou] 



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155 



on the W. side of the new Bulli or coast road, from the latter place to Sydney, and is 
thickly scrubbed and abounds in native game. Carbonaceous sandstone. 

CORROWAN {Co. St. Vincent) is a small agricultural settlement, lying about 
4 miles from the township of Nelligen. 

CORRODGERY STATION {BUgh district); occupier, M'Gregor, Alex.; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

CORSES COURLE STATION {Wellington district) • occupier, uncertain; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, uncertain. 

C0SGR0VE CREEK {Co. Cumberland) is a small W. tributary of the South 
creek, flowing through cultivated land, taken up by settlers. Sandstone and shale. 

COSMO ISLAND {Co. Clarence) is a small island lying in the S. arm of the 
Clarence river, at the mouth or confluence of the Coldstream river. Sandstone and 
alluvial deposit. 

C0TALINY0NG STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Mathieson, Sir .J. ; 
area, 3040 acres ; grazing capability, 1500 sheep. Charges, £30. 

COTTAGE CREEK STATION [Monaro district) ; occupier, Pendergast, John ; 
area, 18,000 acres ; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. Charges, £87 16s. 3d. 

COTTER RIVER {Co. Cowley) is a fine stream rising in mount Murray, and 
fiowing N. about 35 miles, through the undulating and occasionally rugged country 
lying between Bimberi ranges and the W. bank of the Murrunibidgee river, into that 
river about 8 miles S. of its junction with the Moloiiglo. The Cotter is fed by 
several mountain streams, the principal of which are the Pabral, or Gtoree, and the 
Tidbinbilla creeks. The geological formation is porphyritic granite, containing^ 
metalliferous bands of a rock-like leptenite ; it is in contact with mica slate, which 
passes into schistose cpiartz rock, and is overlaid by a hard ferruginous granitic sand- 
stone, evidently of local origin. 

C0TWAY STATION [Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Carberry, J. and W. ; 
area, 24,320 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

C0UBAL STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupier, Strachan, Robert ; area, 20,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £32 ; the recently 
appraised rental is £65. 

C0UGAL MOUNT {Co. Rous) is a peak of the Macpherson's range, lying on the 
boundary between New South Wales and Queensland, about 16 miles W. of point 
Danger. Sandstone. 

COTJGI STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Nivison, Abraham ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 11,000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £56. 

COULSON'S CREEK {Co. Brisbane) is a tributary of the head of the Merriwa 
creek. Sandstone. 

C0UNTIGANY STATION {Monaro district) ■ occupier, Flpm, Jeremiah ; 
area, 9000 acres ; grazing capability, 300 head of cattle. Charges, £39 Is. 3d. 

C0UNTIGANY STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Lucas, Samuel ; area, 
20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £70. 

C0TJRADDIE MOUNT {Co. Jamison) is a peak of the Nundewar range, lying 
at the head of the Weah Waa creek. Red trap rock. 

COURADIGBY STATION [Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, M 'Donald. 
Colin ; area, 12,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £19. 

COURADIGBY No. 2 STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Williams, 
J. G. S. ; area, 12,800 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £57 
8s. 9d. 

C0URALLIE CREEK {Co. CouralUe, Gwydir district) is a stream rising in the 
Nundawar range, and flowing in a N.W. direction about 50 miles, through pastoral 
country. It crosses the road from Narrabri to Moree, there being a public house, 
known as Saunders' Inn, near the crossing. It discharges its waters into the Moomin 
creek. Granite, with alluvial deposit. 



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[Cou — Cow 



COURALLIE is a county in the pastoral district of the Gwydir, containing 
881 acres of alienated land, and 1,290,019 acres of unalienated. The present 
boundaries, however, are open to modification. 

COURALLIE, K, STATION {War, -ego district); occupier, Youl, Richard; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

COUKALLXE, FAR E., STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, Youl and Capel; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old charges, £51 ; new 
appraisements, £34. 

COURALLIE, FAR W., STATION {Albert district) ; occupiers, Youl and Capel ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old charges, £51 ; new 
appraisements, £30. 

COURALLIE, LOWER E., STATION ( W arrego district) ; occupier, Youl, 
Richard ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

COURALLIE, W., STATION (Warrego district); occupier, Youl, Richard; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

C0URBIRA ( Co. Wynyard) is a village reserve, lying on the Tarcutta creek, 4 
miles from Tumberuinba. 

C0URANGM3URA (or Big River) STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupiers, 
Borthwick and Bull ; area, 49,920 acres ; grazing capability, 1440 head of cattle. The 
old charges were £90 ; the recently appraised rental is £80. 

C0WABEE MOUNT (Co. Boivrhe) is a solitary hill, lying in the vast plain 
between the Lachlan and Murrumbidgee rivers. 

C0WABY STATION {Lachlan district); occupiers, Wallace, H., and King, G. ; 
area, 30,720 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Young. 
Charges, £31 2s. 

C0WAL LAKE (Co. Gipps) is a large swampy lagoon, formed by the waters of 
the Yeo-Yeo and Manna creeks. It is about 18 miles in length and 6 miles in width, 
and in wet weather expands into a large shallow lake. The hollow or valley in which 
it lies is about 40 miles S.E. of Condobolin, on the Lachlan river, and is well grassed, 
and abounds in salsolaceous plants. Pliocene tertiary. 

C0WAL STATION (Lachlan. district) ; occupier, Atkins, T. J. ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Forbes. The 
old charges were £31 ; the recently appraised rental is £75. 

C0WAL No. 2 STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Atkins, Thomas J. ; 
.area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £38 2s. 6d. 

CO WANGr MOUNT (Co. Goweri) is a peak of the Warrabungle range, lying at 
the head of the Beelar creek. Granite and schist. 

COWAN'S CREEK (Co. Cumberland) is a small stream, having a wide estuary, 
. and falling into the S. arm of Broken bay. Sandstone. 

COWAN'S (or Cunglebung) CREEK (Co. Gresham) is a small W. tributary of 
the Nymboi river. Sandstone. 

C0WBED CREEK (Co. Wellesley) is a small tributary of the Cambalong creek. 
Trap rock and quartz-bearing slate. 

COW BELL FALLS and FLAT (Co. Wellesley) is a waterfall and a tract of un- 
dulating country on the Camalong creek, situated about 16 miles N. of Bombala. 
Upper volcanic. 

C0WELL MARYANN STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Ryrie and 
Alexander ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

C0WELL STATION ( Wellington district ) ; occupier, Read, Nicholas ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Warren. 
Charges, £31 Is. 

C0WGA STATION r Warrego district) ; occupiers, Thorold and Thisdall ; area, 
16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

COWLEY is a county in the pastoral districts of Monaro and Murrumbidgee. It 



Cow] 



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157 



contains 14,177 acres of alienated land, and 785,823 acres unalieDated. Its present 
boundaries, however, are open to modification. The geological formation of this 
county is chiefly granite, schistose, and quartziferous rocks, with jjorphyries, and some 
trap, which latter have left evidence of transmuting agency of a later period than the 
intrusion of the granites amidst the slate nags and limestones of the Silurian epoch, 

COWL MURRYAN STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, McGregor, Alex- 
ander; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

C0WMERT0N STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupier, Strachan, Robert ; area,. 
16,640 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

COWMORE STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Lloyd, J. C. and 
C. W. ; area, 12,800 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were 
£60 ; the recently appraised rental is £51 12s. 

C0WPASTURES [Cos. Cumberland and Camden) is an extensive agricultural 
and grazing district, situated 40 miles from Sydney, on the great South road, and 
watered by a river called Cowpasture river, which, after its junction with the 
Warragamba — a stream issuing from the Blue mountains — forms the Nepean. It was 
discovered during the government of Captain Hunter, in the year 1796, and derived 
its name from a herd of wild cattle which were found ranging over its untraversed 
wilds when it was first discovered by civilised man. These cattle were the offspring 
of 2 bulls and 3 cows, of the Cape of Good Hope buffalo breed, which had been landed 
in the colony by Governor Phillip, but had strayed into the woods during the first 
week after the formation of Sydney, and could never afterwards be found. 
Sandstone. 

COWPASTURE RIVER {Co. Camdm), the original name of the Nepean river, 
which see. 

COWPASTURE STATION {Miirrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Osborne, J_ 
and H. ; area, 13,266 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £51. 

COWPER is a county in the pastoral district of Warrego, and contains 132 
acres of alienated land. Its present boundaries, however, are open to modification. 

C0WRA, 33° 52' S. lat., 148° 42' E. long. {Co. Bathurst), is a postal township, 
in the parish of Cowra, and electoral and police districts of Carcoar. It is situated 
on the Lachlan river, the Wangoola creek rising in a S. direction within a mile, and 
the Back creek distant 6 miles, from Cowra. The Corimbla mountains lie 9 miles 
distant, and a range of hills run along the back of the township. The district is 
pastoral and agricultural, and has 1 flour mill. The nearest places are, Koorowatha 
20 miles S.W., Carcoar 32 miles N.E., Canowindra 18 miles N., and Forbes 50 miles 
N.W. With Carcoar there is communication by mail coach, and with the other 
places by horse and private conveyance only. With Sydney, 184 miles E.N.E., the 
communication is by Cobb and Co.'s mail coach, passing through Carcoar, King's 
plains, Bathurst, Bowenfels, and Hartley, to Penrith, and thence by rail. Cowra has 
a post and money order office. The hotels are the Victoria, Royal, Fitzroy Arms, 
and Shearers' Arms, at the last named of which Cobb and Co. have a booking office 
for passengers arid small parcels. The roads about Cowra are in but indifferent condi- 
tion, and the want of a bridge over the river at the township, through which a direct 
road to the S. W. district passes, is much felt. The surrounding country is elevated, 
the soil red, and the geological formations granitic. The population numbers about 
200 persons. 

COWRA CREEK {Co. BeresfSrd) is a small S. tributary of the Bredbo river, 
draining some well grassed pastoral country. 

C0WRADIGBEE STATION {Murrumbidgee district)- occupier, Hannan, 
John ; area, 45,000 acres. Charges, £21 14s. 5d. 

COWRAGORA MOUNT {Co. Wellington). See Canobolas. 

COWRA (or Paddy's River) CREEK {Co. Selwyn) is a small tributary of the 
Tumbarumba creek, rising in Mane's range, and flowing W. about 10 miles through a 
scrubby pastoral country. Granite and schist. 

COWRA ROCKS STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Campbell, Geo. ; 
area, 19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. Charges, £38 2s. 6d. 



158 



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COWRA STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Harnett, Maurice ; area, 
13,000 acres ; grazing capability, 100 head of cattle. Charges, i'52. 

CO'vVHIG-A (or Coxibul) CREEK {Co. Batkurst) is a fine auriferous N. tribu- 
tary of the Belubula river, rising in a S. E. spur of the Canobolas mountains, and 
flowing in a general S. direction about 30 miles, through rugged scrubby country, and 
past the King's plains and Belubula gold fields. This creek receives the overflow of 
the Beneree lagoon, in the parish of Beneree. There are patches of good agricultural 
land on its banks, most of which are taken up by small farmers. The geological 
formation of the course of the creek is generally sandstone, broken and precipitous in 
some, and covered with alluvial deposits in other pa,rts. 

COW'S FLAT {Co. Wellesley). See Gecar. 

COX'S CREEK {Co. Darling) is a small agricultural and pastoral hamlet, lying 
about 30 miles S.E. of the township of Narrabri. It has 1 hotel (Turner's), and 
is situated on Cox's creek. Basalt, with alluvial soil. 

COX'S CREEK {Co. [Darling) is a small E. tributary of Maule's creek, flowing 
through rich undulating pastoral country, lightly wooded, and finely grassed. Basalt, 
with deep black alluvial deposit. 

COX'S CREEK {Co. Phillip) is an E. tributary of the upper part of the Cudge- 
gong river, rising in the W. slopes of the Australian Alps, and flowing through rugged 
pastoral country past the foot of the high detached hill, called Cox's Crown, into the 
Cudgegong, at the township of Dabee. It waters several patches of good land suitable 
for culture in its course, and runs near the Gap village reserve at its upper end, where 
it is crossed by the road from Dabee to Boggibri. The geological formation is sandstone 
and conglomerate. 

COX'S CROWN {Co. Phillip) is a lofty detached peak, lying on the W. bank of 
Cox's creek, on the boundary of the parish of Dabee, and about 3 miles N.E. of the 
township of the same name. It takes its name from Mr. Edward Cox, who has a 
considerable quantity of land in the neighbourhood. Ferruginous sandstone. 

COX'S PASS {Co. Cool:) is a passage through overhanging perpendicular cliffs 
676 feet high, on the road from Sydney to Bathurst. Sandstone. 

COX'S RIVER {Co. Westmoreland) is an important stream, rising in the Blue moun- 
tain range, in the neighbourhood of Rydal, and flowing in a S. E. direction through rug- 
ged, broken, and scrubby country. It flows into the Wollondilly at its junction with the 
Warragaruba, and the banks of the river lower down, where it is united by the Werri- 
berri, and is inaccessible for about 4 miles. From the junction of Cox's river to that of 
Werriberri creek the direct distance is 5 miles, and from Werriberri creek to the 
junction of the Nepean the direct distance is 6 miles. The course of this river is 
exceedingly picturesque, running as it does amidst frightful chasms and round the feet 
of immense precipices. One of the most beautiful of these chasms is known as the 
vale of Clwydd. It is fed by numerous tributary streams, the principal of which are 
the Mangaroo, Farmers, Jacks, Lowther, Grants, Blackheath, Kanumola, Gaubenang, 
Long Swamp, Megelory, Cedar, Kownung, and Butcher's, or Blackfellows' creeks, 
and the river Lett. Sandstone and metamorphic schists. 

C0YE STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Brougham, J. ; area, 33,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £34 10s. 

CRACKEMBACK (or Cracenback Mount) {Co: Wallace) is a high peak of the 
Mumorig range (Bald mountains). It lies in the lofty ranges, near the head of the 
Snowy river, and gives rise to the Crackemback river. The Rev. W. B. Clark, hi 
speaking of the origin of the name, says as follows — The origin of this name I was 
told by the aborigines who speak English, to be the steepness of the ranges, to ascend 
which would crack a mail's back. " The peak attains an elevation of 4697 feet above 
the level of the sea, and lies amidst bold and rugged country, thickly timbered and 
densely scrubbed. The geological formation is metamorphic slate, the summit being of 
course syenitic granite. 

CRACKEMBACK RIVER {Co. Wallace) is a tributary of the head of the 
Snowy river, flowing about 20 miles N.E. from mount Crackemback, in the Mumorig 
range. Granite and trap rock. 

CRACENBACK MOUNT {Co. Wallace). See Crackemback Mount. 



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159 



CRAGrIN MOUNT (Co. Burnett) is a high solitary peak, lying on the E. bank 
of Oxley's creek, about 8 miles E. of Warialda. Granite and limestone. 

CRAXGrlE STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Lawson, Charles ; area, 2560 
acres ; grazing capability, 250 head of cattle. Charges, £31 5s. 

CRAVEN CHEEK {Co. Gloucester) is a small N. tributary of Bowman's river. 
Sandstone. 

CRAWFORD RIVER {Co. Gloucester) isaW. tributary of the Myall river, falling 
into it at Bullah Dellah. Sandstone and slate. 

CREAM OF TARTAR CREEK {Co. Brisbane) is a small W. tributary of Harry's 
creek. Sandstone. 

CREEGTNGTJLLA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Campbell, William ; 
area, 48,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£61 17s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £130. 

CREMORNE STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Donald and Band ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

CREMORNE No. 2 STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Donald and Band; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

CRESCENT HEAD (Co. Macquarie) is a rocky promontory standing boldly out 
into the sea, between port Macquarie and Korogoro point. Sandstone. 

CROCODILE ROCK (Co. Auckland) is situated in Bass' straits, inlat. 39° 21" S., 
and long. 4° 41" W. of Sydney. It lies in a line midway between the W. extremity 
of Curtis and Rodondo islands, nearly 9 miles from each. It is a smooth, round- 
topped granite boulder, just protruding above the surface of the sea. 

CROMPTON'S ISLAND ( Co. St. Vincent) is a rocky islet, lying near the coast, 
about 7 miles S. of Ulladulla. Granite. 

CR0NULLA BEACH {Co Cumberland) is a sandy bight lying on the N. 
of the entrance to Port Hacking, and on the S. of the South head of Botany bay. 
Sandy drift. 

CROOBYAR CREEK {Co. St. Vincent) is a stream rising in mount Tatalerang, 
and flowing in a general E. direction about 25 miles, into the sea, a few miles N. of 
Ulladulla. It is crossed by the road from that place to Jervis's bay, and embouches 
into the Conjurong lake. The village reserve of Croobyar is on this creek. Granite 
and sandstone. 

CROOKED RIVER, ( Co. Camden) is a small stream, falling into the ocean at 
the N. end of the 4-mile beach, and close under Black head, 2 miles S. of Geringong. 
It has a bed of shifting sand at its lower end, over which is a crossing place on the 
coast road from Geringong to Shoalhaven, dangerous in some states of the tide. 

CR00KHAVEN RIVER {Co. St. Vincent) is a small stream, draining the flat 
agricultural land to the S. of the lower part of the Shoalhaven river, and falling into 
a wide and tortuous bay, with numerous sandbanks, and very difficult of navigation, 
even for small boats, called the Crookhaven. This bay lies about 3 miles S. of the 
entrance to the Shoalhaven river. Sandstone. 

CR00KWELL RIVER {Co. King) is a fine stream rising in the W. slope of 
the Australian Alps, about 3 miles S. of the township of Crookwell, and flowing N. W. 
and W. through that and the township of Binda, into the upper part of the Lachlan 
river, after a devious course of about 60 miles. It flows through an undulating and 
well grassed and timbered country, with occasional grassy plains, and is fed by the 
Binda, Kangaloola, Potten, Julong, Burrawinda, and AVeeho creeks. The lower end 
of this river, below Binda, forms the boundary between the counties of Georgiana and 
King. Granite, slate, limestone, and shale. 

CR00T STATION (Lachlan district); occupier, Dows, John; area, 12,800 
acres ; grazing capability, 450 head of cattle. The old charges were £31 Is. lid. ; 
the new appraisement is £35. 

CROPPA CREEK BACK BLOCK STATION {Gwydir district); occupier, 
Munro, Donald ; area, 61,440 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £48. 

CROPPA CREEK (Co. Staplyton } Gwydir district) is a chain of swampy water- 



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[Cro— Cry 



holes, connected in wet weather, draining the extensive open plains to the N. of the 
Gilgil river. It discharges its waters into a tract of swampy country, through which 
the Whalan flows in winter. This chain of water holes runs alongside the road from 
Warialda to Whalan. The geological formation is lower paleozoic, with pliocene 
tertiary and alluvial deposits. 

CHOPPY CEEEK ( Co. Bligh) is a tributary of the Turee creek. Sandstone 
and schist. 

CROPPY POINT (Co. Northumberland). See Broken Bay. 

CROSBIE'S CEEEK {Co. King) is an E. tributary of the Boorowa river, rising 
in the Yass plains, and flowing W. about 10 miles. 

CROSSING CREEK (Co. Georgiana) is a tributary of Clifford's creek, rising 
at Carrabungie, and flowing 10 miles W. past Laggan. 

CROWD Y HEAD (Co. Macquarie) is a prominent headland jutting out into 
the bight of the Manning, from which it bears about N.E. by N. 5 miles. It affords 
considerable shelter from S. W. or S. winds. 

CROWL CREEK, No. 2 BLOCK, STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, 
Glass, Hugh ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle, Charges, 
£37 12s. 6d. 

CROWL CEEEK, No. 6 BLOCK, STATION (Lachlan district); occupier,. 
Glass, Hugh; area, 32,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £37 
12s. 6d. 

CROWL CEEEK, No. 8 STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Eyan and 
Hammond ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £37 12s. 6d. 

CROWL CREEK, No. 9 STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Eyan and 
Hammond ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £37 12s. 6d. 

CROWL CEEEK, No. 10 STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Eya nand 
Hammond; area, 32,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £37 12s. 6d. 

CROW MOUNTAIN DIGGINGS {Co. Darling) is a smaU alluvial gold 
workings, lying about 12 miles distant from the township of Barraba. 

CROWN RIDGE CREEK (Co. Roxburgh) is a small auriferous N. tributary of 
the head of the Turon river, rising in the S. slope of the Blackman's Crown mountain, 
and flowing S. through rugged country. . The geological formation is sandstone, with 
slate, and occasional outcropping quartz ridges. 

CROWN, THE ( Co. Westmoreland). See Evans' Crown. 

CR0WPAL CEEEK ( Co. Buccleugh) is a small S. tributary of the Murrumbidgee 
river, rising in the W. slope of Crowpal hill, in the N. of the county. Granite, trap, 
and slate. 

CROWTHER CEEEK ( Cos. Monteagle and Forbes) is a fine stream, rising near 
Marringo, in the ranges lying to the E. of the Burrangong gold fields, and flowing N. 
about 50 miles through the townships of Wambanumba and Koorawatha into the 
Lachlan river, about 6 miles E. of the township of Cowra. On the road from Mer- 
ringo to Wambanumba, about 8 miles distant from each place, the creek crosses the 
road through a remarkable passage in the mountains, called General Stewart's gap. 
Crowther creek is fed by the Crowther W. branch and the Bang-Bang creeks, the 
former falling into it at Wambanumba, and the latter at Koorowatha. Granite, trap, 
and slate. 

CROWTHER CEEEK STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Pring, John ;. 
area, 14,080 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £60. 

CROWTHER WEST BEANCH CEEEK (Co. Monteagle) is the W. head of 
Crowther creek, rising in the Burrangong gold fields, about 4 miles S.E. of the town- 
ship of Young, and flowing N. E. about 20 miles into the main stream at the township 
of Wambanumba. 

CRY0N STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, M 'Donald, Angus ; 
estimated area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £30. 



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161 



CUBA STATION {Lachlan district); occupier, Tooth, Robert; area, 89,600 
acres ; grazing capability, 1120 bead of cattle. The old charges were £70 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £300. 

CUBBAR00 STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Dangar, William ; 
area, 57,600 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £40. 

CUBIT PONDS ( Co. Biichland) is a small chain of waterholes, flowing from the 
E. into the Conadilly river at Pullaming reserve. Upper and middle palaeozoic. 

CUBMXJRA STATION (Monaw district) ; occupier, Russell, William ; area, 
10,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £35. 

CUCUMGILLIGA STATION [Lachlan district) ; occupier, Lynch, Andrew ; 
area, 30,080 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £65. 

CUDAL ( Co. Ashburnham) is a small village in the parish of Cudal, and 
electoral district of the Lachlan. It is situated near the G-oobang creek, and lies on the 
main road from Orange to Forbes, 17 miles S.W. of Molong, with which place there 
is communication by horse or dray only. The village is but recently formed, and 
contains but few inhabitants. It has 1 hotel, the Union, a roadside house. 

CUDDALDARY STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Pittman and 
Stonesheet ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £25. 

CUDDELL STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Gardiner, J. A. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

CUDDYGAT CREEK STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Shanley, James ; 
area, 10,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £65. 

CUDGEE {Co. Auckland) is a village reserve and agricultural settlement, lying 
60 miles from Eden. 

CUDGEGONG (Co. Wellington) is a postal village, parish not named, in the 
electoral and police districts of WeUington, situated on the Cudgegong river, 59 miles 
N.W. from Hartley, on the main line of road between Hartley and Mudgee, and on 
the same line of road which the railway will pass through to Mudgee. One mail 
coach runs daily through to - Mudgee and the Northern district. The nearest towns 
are, Mudgee, 20 miles N.W. on the Northern road, and Rylstone, 9 miles E. on the 
Dabee road; Tonabutta, 2 miles N.W., Tabrabacca swamp, 5 miles S.W., lower 
Turon, 14 miles S.W., Campbell's creek and Meroo river, 16 miles N.W. Cudgegong 
is situated on spurs of mountains 1500 feet above the level of the sea, the nearest 
telegraph office is at Mudgee, population 300, number of dwellings 60, and the area is 
above 1000 acres. The hotels are the Royal hotel and the Cudgegong hotel, also post 
office. The surrounding country is undulating, lightly grassed and timbered, and well 
adapted for agricultural purposes, which are extensively followed in the neighbour- 
hood. Gold mining (alluvial) is also carried on in the district, particularly to the 
westward, namely, Campbell's creek and Meroo river. Iron, copper, and coal are also 
found in the neighbourhood. On the W. of the township is a high mountain, called 
Boogee mountain. The geological formation is lower silurian and basaltic lava, with 
blue granite and limestone, which is exceedingly plentiful, and many ridges are called 
limestone ridges. All the lowlands are alluvial deposits. Cudgegong municipality 
was proclaimed 20th July, 1860. The estimated annual value of rateable property 
within it is £12,534 10s., from which (including government aid) it derived in the 
year 1864 an income of £920 lis. 6d. Its expenditure during that year was £420 
4s. 8d. The extent of its streets and roads 58 miles, and the number of registered 
electors 295. 

CUDGEGONG CREEK ( Co. Roxburgh) is a W. tributary of the Cudgegong 
creek, rising in the rugged scrubby country lying to the N. of Keen's swamp, and 
flowing N.E. into the Cudgegong at the village of the same name. There is some 
good cultivation land at its lower end, taken up by W. Bowman. Ferruginous sand- 
stone and conglomerate. 

. CUDGEGONG- RIVER (Cos. Bligh, Roxburgh, Phillip, and Wellington) is a fine 
auriferous stream, rising in mount Binben, a peak of the Australian Alps, in the S.E. 
corner of the county of Phillip, and flowing in a N. W. direction between that and the 

M 



162 



[Cud— Cul 



counties of Roxburgh, Bligh, and Wellington, into the Macquarie river at the 
Burrendong gold fields. It waters the Merinda gold held, and the townships of Tawin- 
bang, Dabee, Eylstone, Cudgegong, Mudgee, and Wiadere, in its course, and receives 
the waters of the Cooroongooba, Gunguddy, Cox's, Carwell, Mullamuddy, Cudgegong, 
Lawson's, Burrardulla, Buniberra, Eurundurry or Pipeclay, Eurudgere or M 'Donald's, 
Wialdra, Puggoon, Sandy, Goobrna, Piambong, Warrobil, Uamby, Bun Buckley, 
Ungula, Mullinurran, Warradugga, Dinney, Meroo, and Gunnel creeks. The country 
through which it flows is rugged and scrubby, the geological formation of its upper 
end being upper and middle palaeozoic, with carboniferous rocks ; and of its lower, 
micaceous schist and slaty shale, with occasional quartz ridges (auriferous). 

CUDGEL CEEEK (Mumunbidgee district). See Yaxko Creek. 

CUDGELONG STATION (Lachlan district). See Paddy's Plains. 

CUDGEGUNY COUNTRY STATION [Lachlan district) ; occupier, Wood, 
John B. ; area, 19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £38 2s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £35. 

CUDMIRRA. LAKE {Co. St. Vincent) is an opening into the land lying to the 
S. of Sussex haven, and near the township of Farnham. Raised estuary. 

CUENUNBA STATION {Lachlan district) • occupier, Fitzpatrick, James ; area> 
56,320 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The old charges were £100 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £113 6s. 8d. 

CUGABURGA CREEK {Co. Wellington) is an E. tributary of the Bell river. 
Sandstone and shale. 

CUGABURGA MOUNT {Co. Wellington) is a high hill, lying about 13 miles 
S.W. of Wellington. Metamorphic slate. 

CULDGIL0RIE LOWER STATION ( Wellington district); occupier, Sullivan, 
T. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

CULG0A RIVER ( Warrego district) is a tributary of the head of the Darling 
river, formed by the confluence of the Balonne and Maranoa rivers in Queensland, and 
flowing S.W. into the Darling about 20 miles N.E. of Fort Bourke. This river was 
discovered by Mitchell in April, 1845. It was found by him to be a deep but narrow 
stream, lined with beautiful timber, having abundant Water, and banks 40 feet high. 
It is surrounded with plains of loose shifting soil, which the slightest wet weather 
converts into a quagmire, and which are overgrown with acacia pendula. The country 
is but little suited for pastoral purposes, and but little of it is taken up. The 
geological formation of the country through which it flows is pliocene tertiary, over- 
lying lower palasozoic rocks. 

CULLARIN CREEK ( Co. King) is a fine mountain stream, forming one of the 
heads of the Lachlan river, and rising in the Cullarin range of hills to the S. E. of the 
township of Gunning. It flows through undulating pastoral country about 20 miles 
N.W., and joins the Jerrawa creek, the two, together with the Oolong creek, forming 
the Lachlan river. It is fed by the Lerida, Diamond, and Dickson's creeks, and is 
crossed at its upper end by the road from Goulburn to Yass. Metamorphic. 

CULLARIN RANGE {Co. King). This is a portion of the great dividing chain, 
and extends from the Blue mountains to the N. extremity of lake George. The 
direction is for a short direction W. , but it afterwards turns abruptly to the S. The 
W. portion of the range is of a smoother and more rounded character, less elevated, 
and less intersected by ravines than the Blue mountains ; but at the angle where its 
course turns S. the aspect of the country changes, and the mountains become more 
rugged and precipitous. The average elevation is probably less than 3000 feet, though 
several important rivers have their sources in this range. Its principal spur is the 
Mundoonen range. The principal peaks are mounts Therolonong, Carrangal, Cullarin, 
Fitton, Chaton, and Dixon. The formation of this range is mostly metamorphic. 

CULLATIN STATION; occupier, Chapman, George James; area, 11,520 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £38 2s. 6d. 

CULLEN BULLEN, 33° 13' S. lat., 150° 2' E. long. {Co. Roxburgh), is a smaU 
postal mining village in the parish of the same name, and electoral and police districts 
of Hartley. It is situated within a short distance S. of the head of the Turon river, 



Cul] 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



163 



on the Williwa and Dulhunty's creeks, near where they fall into that river, and 
under the Dark Corner, Daylight, and Limestone hills, all of which are within 5 or 
6 miles distant. Cullen Bullen is the name of the property of Captain Russell, of 
Penrith. It consists of 2500 acres of very good land, which is, however, not culti- 
vated. It was formerly the property of the late Sir John Jamison. R. Dulhunty 
has 2000 acres in the neighbourhood, and small portions are taken up by W. Hart 
and other persons. There is but little cultivation in the district, which is chiefly a 
pastoral and alluvial mining one, no auriferous quartz having been obtained. Gold 
is found in numerous places, both in the bed of the Turon river, and also in the 
small gullies leading to it. The nearest township to Cullen Bullen is Bowenfels, 
distant 18 miles S. E., Sydney being 104 miles S.E., and Mudgee 40 miles N.W. 
The communication is by coach with Bowenfels and Mudgee, and with Sydney by 
coach to Penrith, and thence by rail. There is 1 hotel at Cullen Bullen (Thomas's) 
Blackman's Flat hotel, besides 5 inns along the road between Bowenfels and the 
village. Besides the mail coach, carriers convey goods from Cullen Bullen to Bow- 
enfels, Blackman's flat, Crown ridge, and other small adjoining mining hamlets. 
The surrounding country is very mountainous, the village lying between the Blue 
Mountain range of the Australian Alps on the E., and a lofty N.W. spur of that 
range on the W. The population of the district numbers about 2000 persons, of 
whom about 200 are Chinese. The geological formation of the country is limestone, 
granite, and clayey shale, with red sandstone to the E. 

CULLENBURRAWONG STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Donald 
and Band ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were 
£40 ; the recently appraised rental is £40. 

CULLINGO STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Salting, S. K. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £65. 

CULLINGILLI STATION (Bligh district) ; occupiers, Christina Bishop and 
others; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were 
£38 2s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £50. 

CULMIER STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Morris, William ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 10s. 

CULPAULIN, E., STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Chadwick, Nicholas ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. 
Charges, £31. 

CULPARLIN, OUTER. BACK, E., STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, 
Chadwick, Nicholas ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Perry. Charges, £30. 

CULPAULIN OUTER STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Chadwick, 
Nicholas ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Perry. Charges, £31. 

CULPARLIN OUTER STATION (Albert district) ; occupier. Crosier, J.; area, 
9600 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. Charges, 
£30. 

CULPARLIN STATION (Albert district); occupier, McRae, Donald; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 400C sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. 
Charges, £85. 

CULPARLING STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Tyson, Peter ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capabdity, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Booligal. Charges, £20. 

CULPARLING STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Tyson, Peter ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Booligal. Charges, £10 10s. 

CULPA TAR0 STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Peter, John ; area, 64,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Booligal. 
Charges, £30 10s. 

CULPATER0NG STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Tyson, Peter ; area, 



164 The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Cum 



64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is BooligaL 
Charges, £40. 

CUMBADELLO STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Napier, Robert ; area. 
76,800 acres ; grazing capability, 1120 head of cattle. Charges, £70. 

CUMBAMURRA BOCKS (Co. Harden) is a group of immense rocks, lying on 
the rugged banks of the Spring creek, about 2 miles above its junction with the 
Jugiong creek. Granite and limestone. 

CUMBAR00NA STATION [Murrumbidge* district) ; occupier, Hore, John ; 
estimated area, 21,812 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £61 17s. 6d ; the recently appraised rental is £38. 

CUMBERDERRY STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, Waif ord and 
Sparke ; area, 40,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1280 head of cattle. Old charges, 
£80 ; new appraisement, £90. 

CUMBERLAND central electoral district. See Central Cumberland. 

CUMBERLAND is a county bounded on the X. and W. by the rivers Hawkes- 
bury and Nepean, on the S.W. and W. by the Nepean, the Cataract river, and a line 
bearino- E. 20° S. of Bulli, on the sea coast, which forms the E. boundary. This is 
the metropolitan county of N.S.W. ; it is an undulating plain, and contains 914,800 
acres. It is 63 miles in length, and 38 in breadth, and contains 28,081 acres 
1 rood 16 perches of unsold church and school land. The number of freehold 
landholders in this county is 2553, and of leaseholders, 1588. The extent of land in 
cultivation is 34,486 acres ; under wheat there are 3614 acres, under maize 9024J , 
under barley 7571 acres, under oats 1031 acres, under tobacco \ acre, and under vine 
142i acres. " The population numbers 124, 678, of whom 5073 are occupiers of land. The 
livestock numbers 16,837 horses, 31,879 homed cattle, 13,091 sheep, and 16,786 pigs. 
The most elevated parts of this country are the Seven hills, the Baulkham hills, 
Castle hills. Pennant hills, Rooty bill, and the Cut hills. From Pennant hills the 
view extends to mount Tomah, in Cook and Jellore, in Camden. The former is 
distant 45 miles, the latter 60. The principal rivers are the Hawkesbury, which 
divides Camden, Cook, Hunter, and Northumberland, from Cumberland, flowing 
into Broken bay, after a course of about 300 miles, receiving the various names of 
Wollondilly, Warragamba, Nepean, and Hawkesbury ; the Parramatta, George's, 
and Cook's are the only principal ones, and the creeks are Prospect, South, Eastern, 
Rope, Bow-Bowring, "Bunburrycurran, Cattai, Cabramatta, Woronora, and port 
Hacking. This county is divided into 13 hundreds and 56 parishes. The city of 
Sydney" the capital of the Australian empire, is situated on the southern shore of 
port Jackson, which is a noble basin 2 miles wide at the entrance, and gradually 
expanding, stretches 13 miles into the interior. Parramatta is the county town 
of Cumberland. The other towns are Liverpool, Windsor, Campbelltown, Pen- 
rith Narellan, and Ryde. The most considerable bays and harbours in this county 
are 'port Jackson, navigable for ships of any burthen, 7 miles above Sydney up 
the Parramatta river, Botany bay, port Hacking, and Broken bay. The geological 
formation is' mostly sandstone. 

CUMBIL STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, M 'Donald, Robert ; 
estimated area, 19,840 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £50. 

CUMBLECUBINBAH STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Forrester, 
George ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 5s. 

CUMB0 CREEK {Co. Bligh) is a tributary of the Wilpingong creek. It rises 
near mount Morlarben, and flows N.E. about 8 miles. Sandstone. 

CUMB0RAH SPRINGS {Warrego district); occupiers, Walford and Sparke ; . 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £33. 

CUMBRAE ISLE {Co. Gloucester) is an island of the Myall lakes, called after 
the famous historic isles of that name in the W. of Scotland. Sandstone and alluvial 
drift. 

CUMBUGLECUMBANG STATION [Wellington district) ; occupiers, Gardiner, 



Cum — Cun] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 16o 



W. and Samuel ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. The old charges were £50 ; the re- 
cently appraised rental is £75. 

CUMM00-CUMMQ0 STATION (Liverpool plains distrust) ; occupier, Capp, 
Charles ; area, 38,400 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £50 ; the recently appraised rental is £79 4s. 

CUNBAWARRA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Salting, S. K. ; area, 
42,880 acres; grazing capability, 2560 head of cattle. The old charges were £160 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £200. 

CUNDEBANG STATION {New England district) ■ occupiers, Hill, Rowley and 
Richard ; area, 40, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 7000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

CUNDLETOWN, 31°54' S. lat., 152° 21' E. long. [Go. Mctcquurie), is a postal 
township in the electoral district of the Hastings, and police district of Manning 
river. It is situated on the N. bank of the Manning river, about 16 miles from the 
:sea, and 19S miles N. of Sydney. There are no mountains or creeks of any conse- 
quence in the district, except Dawson creek, an arm of the river, lying at the E. 
■extremity of the township, and Dickenson creek, a small watercourse about 4 miles 
•distant. Cundle plains, an extensive alluvial flat of several hundred acres in extent, 
lies at the back of the township. The district is almost exclusively an agricultural 
one, there being no mills or manufactories of any kind. The nearest township is Taree, 
about 3 miles W., and the head of the steam navigation of the river Ghinni-Ghinni 
lies 3 miles E. There are no public conveyances to these places the means of commu- 
nication being by horse or dray, along the road, and by boat upon the river. With 
Sydney, 198 miles distant S. the communication is by the Australian Steam Naviga- 
tion company's steamer. Cundletown has a post office, a court of petty sessions, 4 
general stores, and the usual shops of a small town. There is a wharf, a Roman 
Catholic church and a national school. There are 2 hotels, the Maiming River, and 
the Union Inn. The lower part of the country bordering the river is flat, and consists 
generally of marshy swamps, bounded by the table lands of New England, a spur of 
which runs down to the coast about 20 miles N. from the township, and ends abruptly 
in 3 elevated peaks, known as the Brothers. The geological formation is generally 
sandstone and limestone. The population numbers about 150 persons, who are mostly 
■engaged in agricultural pursuits. 

CUND0NG CREEK ( Co. Narromine, Bligh district) is a S. tributary of the 
Tomingly creek, rising in the Hervey range W. of Obley. and flowing N.W., 
about 12 miles, through flat sandy pastoral country. Lower palaeozoic and pliocene 
tertiary. 

CUNELLIC STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Lloyd, Jones; area, 64,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £20. 

CUNGEG0NG CREEK (Go. Harden) is a small tributary of the Muttama 
creek, flowing through the village reserve of the same name. It is fed by several 
springs. 

CUNGLEBUNG CREEK ( Co. Gresham). See Cowan's Creek. 

XJUNGLEBUNG MOUNT (Co. Gresham) is a lofty peak of the Macleay range, 
lying on the S. bank of the Mitchell river, near the junction of the Cunglebung creek. 
Carboniferous sandstone. 

CUNINABLA STATION (Laxldan district) ; occupier, Hood, William ; area, 
£000 acres ; grazing capability, 1200 head of cattle. Charges, £40. 

CUNNINGAR (Co. Harden). See Cuxwexgax. 

CUNNINGDR0Q STATION (2Iurrumbid<jee district) ; occupier, H. C. Lintott ; 
-area, 50,000 acres ; grazing capability, 9000 sheep. The old charges were £64; the 
new appraisement is £140. 

CUNNINGHAM is a county in the pastoral district of AVellington, containing 
9,216,000 acres of unalienated land. Its present boundaries, however, are open to 
modification. 

CUNNINGHAM CREEK (Co. Harden) is a fine stream, rising by several 
heads in the W. of the Cunningham plains. It is fed by the Murrimboola, Rlains, 
Denioiidrille, Connaught Man's, and Cole creeks, and flows through a pastoral and 



166 



[Cun— Cur 



agricultural district, into the Jugiong creek, near the junction of the Booroowa and 
the Binalong roads from Jugiong. Granite, trap, and slate. 

CUNNINGHAM CREEK STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Salting, S. K. ; 
area, 15,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £75. 

CUNNINGHAM CREEK STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Ward, Ch.; 
area, 10,240 acres ; grazing capability, 300 head of cattle. The bid charges were £24 
Is. 3d. ; the recently appraised rental is £20. 

CUNNINGHAME'S (or Cbtjdine) CREEK (Co. Roxburgh) is a N. auriferous 
tributary of the Turon river, which has its rise in the overflow of Keene's swamp, and 
flows W. and S. into the main stream near mount Parwar, about 2 miles W. of Sofala. 
The ixpper portion of this creek rims through flat swampy country with some good land, 
taken up by small farmers ; and the lower through rugged hilly country. It is fed by 
the Tabrabucca, Warrangunia, and Four-Mile creeks. The geological formation is 
sandstone, limestone, and slate, with occasional out-cropping quartz ridges. 

CUNNINGHAM'S PLAINS (Co. Harden) is a tract of fine undulating pasture 
land, lying between Jugiong and Young, on the Cunningham, Blind, and Murrimboola. 
creeks, and near the township of Murrimboola. Granite and limestone. 

CUNNYCUDL0NG STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupier, Strachan, Robert - r 
area, 17,280 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 4s. 

CUNWENGAN (or Cunningar) ( Co. Harden) is a small agricultural village in 
the electoral district of the Lachlan, and police district of Binalong. It is situated 
on the Cunningham Plains creek, and lies about 4 miles E. of the township of Murrum- 
burrah, with which place there is communication by horse and dray only. 

CUPPERACUMBALONG STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, De Salis,. 
Leopold F. ; area, 22, 760 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £50. 

CURIANAWA STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Walker, Mrs. R. R.; area, 
19,500 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £154 13s. 9d. ; new appraise- 
ments, £350. 

CURINDI STATION [Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Hall, George ; area, 
51,200 acres ; grazing capability, 2080 head of cattle. Old charges, £130 ; new ap- 
praisement, £160. 

CURI0NG (or Kuryong) CREEK {Co. Harden) is a small W. tributary of the 
Tllalong creek, rising to the E. of the township of Binalong, and flowing S. about & 
miles. J. J. and A. Paterson have 160 acres of land taken up on this creek. Granite 
and slate. 

CURL-CURL LAGOON AND HEAD {Co. Cumberland) is a small salt lagoon, 
lying at the N. end of Cabbagetree bay. It is usually closed from the sea by a sandy 
bar, except in flood time, when an opening is usually forced through the sandbank. 
Curl-Curl head is a rocky promontory, standing boldly out into the ocean on 
the N. side of the entrance to the lagoon, and about 2^ miles N. of the N. entrance 
to Sydney harbour. Sandstone. 

CURLDURAL STATION {Clarence district) ; occupier, Rhodes, William ; area, 
19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £50. 

CURRABUBULA, 31° 22' S. lat., 150° 45' E. long. {Co. BucMcmd), is a postal 
township in the parish of Currabubula, electoral district of Liverpool plains, and police 
district of Tamworth. It is situated on the Currabubula creek, and is in an agricul- 
tural and pastoral district, the nearest places being Tamworth, 20 miles N. , Quirindi, 
20 miles S. , and Breeza 20 miles W. With these places the communication is by horse 
and dray, and with Sydney, 248 miles S.S.E., by horse or dray to Goonoo-Goonoo ; 
thence by Gill's mail coach to Singleton, thence by rail to Newcastle, and thence 
by steamer. There is 1 hotel, the Freemason's Arms. The surrounding country is 
considerably diversified, consisting principally of undulating and well- wooded downs, sur- 
rounded by mountains. The geological formation is mostly carboniferous sandstone. 
The population numbers about 100 persons. 

CURRABUBULA CREEK ( Co. Buchland) is a small watercourse, flowing W. 
through the township of the same name into the Conadilly river. Upper and middle 
palaeozoic. 



Cur] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 167 



CURRABUBLA STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Eales, John ; 
area, 640 acres ; grazing capability, 1 00 head of cattle. Charges, £40. 

CURRACABUNDI STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Mackay, 
John ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32. 

CURRAGURRA CREEK [Co. Wellington) is a W. tributary of the Macquarie 
river, rising in the Mullions range, and flowing N. W. to the S. of the Stony creek 
gold field, through land held by Messrs. Bloxsome, Corbett, Warne, and White. It 
is fed by the Shepherd's creek, and is crossed near the junction of the two by the 
road from Bathurst to "Wellington. The geological formation is metamorphic. 

C00RAH STATION [Girydh- district) • occupier, Doyle, John F. ; area, 20,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

CURRAJONG {Co. Cook) is a small . hamlet in the Blue mountains, lying a few 
miles to the W. of Richmond. 

CURRAJONG (postal name, Billaboxg) ( Co. Forbes) is a postal town in the 
parish of Currajong, electoral district of the Lachlan, and police district of Binalong. 
It is situated 2A miles W. of the Billabong creek, the nearest river being the Bogan, 
20 miles N.W. The district is a gold mining one, principally quartz, the next 
diggings being those of Forbes, 25 miles S. There are two qiiartz-crxishing mills in 
the neighbourhood. The township of Orange lies 70 miles N.E. by E., and Iron 
Bark and Stony creek dio-gings 75 miles N.E. There are no regular conveyances to 
these places ; the mail is carried on horseback thrice a week to Forbes. With 
Sydney, -29 miles N. E. , the communication is by Cobb's coach from Forbes to Penrith, 
and thence by rail. The nearest telegraph station is Albury, 40 miles S. There 
are no hotels at present in the township, although there are several accommodation 
and public houses. The surrounding country is elevated and mountainous, and well 
timbered. The geological formation is granite, with schist and quartziferous slate. 
The population numbers about 200 persons, including those on the small diggings in 
the immediate neighbourhood. 

CURRAJONG STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Windeyer, John and 
W. C. ; area, 27,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

CURRAMBENE CREEK {Co. St. Vincent) is a fine stream, flowing into Jervis's 
bay, at the township of Huskesson. It is fed by the Parata creek. Ferruginous 
sandstone. 

CURRANGORAMBLA STATION [Monaro district)-, occupier, Rourke, Thos. ; 
area, 12,000 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. Charges, £39. 

CURRANGANDI STATION [Ghvydir district) ; occupiers, Lethbridge, J. and 
Geo. L. ; area, 29,440 acres ; grazing capability, 1120 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £70 ; the recently appraised rental is £80. 

CURRANYABLE OUTER (B) PLAINS [Albert district) ; occupier, Chadwick, 
Nicholas ; area, 51,200 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Perry. Charges, £30 5s. 

CURRANYALL OUTER STATION {Albert district); occupier, Chadwick, 
Nicholas ; area, 50, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Perry. Charges, £31 5s. 

CURRANYALL STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Chadwick, Nicholas ; 
area, 25,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. 
Charges, £31. 

CURRA STATION [Wellington district); ocrapier, Cooper, H. S. ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £25. 

CURRA WANG [Co. Harden) is a small agricultural village in the parish of 
Currawang, and electoral district of the Lachlan. It is situated on the Currawang 
creek, and lies about 5 miles N.E. of the township of Murrumburrah, with which 
place there is communication by horse and dray only. 

CURRAWANG CREEK {Co. Arggle) is a small tributary of theWillero creek, 
flowing into it near the hamlet of Kenny's point. It is dry in ordinary seasons. 
Trap rock. 



168 The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Cur— Cut 



CURRAWANG MOUNT (Co. Argyle) is a spur of the Australian Alps, 
situated 2 miles X. of Kenny's point, on lake George. It runs in a N. and S. 
direction about 2 miles, then suddenly diverging, and running W. 5 miles along the 
N. border of the lake. It attains an elevation of 1200 feet above the bed of the 
lake. Sandstone and trap formation. 

CURRAWANG CREEK (Co. Harden) is a small E. tributary of the head of the 
Murrimboola creek, draining Cunningham's plains. It flows through some agricul- 
tural land in the parish of Currawang. Metamorphic shales. 

CUREAWANG STATION (Laclilan district) ; occupier, Roberts, James ; area, 
56,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 sheep. The old- charges were £100 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £200. 

CURRAWEENA BACK (E) STATION ( Warrego district) ■ occupier, Ligar, 
C. W. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

CURRAWEENA BACK STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Ligar, C. 
W. ; area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capabihty, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

CURRAWEENA, E., STATION {Warrego district) ; occupier, Single, John; 

area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

CURRAWEENA STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Ligar, C. W. ; area, 
24,300 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

CURRENCY CREEK ( Co. Cook) is a small W. tributary of the Hawkesbury 
river. Sandstone. 

CURRIANGA STATION (Laclilan district) • occupier, Murray, Mrs. M.; area, 
7040 acres ; grazing capability, 200 head of cattle. The old charges were £19 7s. 6d. ; 
the recently appraised rental is £20. 

CURRIEAB0CK STATION (New England district); occupier, Hook, Augustus; 
area, 44,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £70. 

CURR0CBILLY MOUNT {Co. St, Vincent) is a lofty peak of the Budawang 
range, lying between the Clyde and Shoalhaven rivers, and about 4 miles N. of the 
Pigeon house. It is barren, and flat at the toj), with steep rocky cliffs. The geological 
formation is of grey granite, succeeded by schists and quartzites, which pass into 
roofing slates in some localities. Gold is present, being due to the hornblendic in the 
granite. 

CURROWAN {Co. St. Vincent) is a township reserve on the Clyde river, about 
6 miles N. of Nelligen, and is inhabited by a few settlers, who cultivate the rich 
scrub lands of the neighbourhood. Sandstone and granite. 

CURROWAN CREEK (Co. St. Vincent) is a small W. tributary of the Clyde 
river, rising in mount Budawang, and flowing in an E. direction into the main stream 
at the township of Currowa. Sandstone, trap rock, and slate. 

CURED WANG FLAT (Co. Argyle) is an extensive alluvial flat, in the parish 
of Currowang, surrounded by a range of low hills, which He on the E. shore of lake 
George. Metamorphic slate. 

CURRGW0NG STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, O'Hare, James ; area, 
53,760 acres ; grazing capability, 10,000 sheep. Charges, £216. 

CURRUNGALA STATION {Macleay district) ; occupier, Chapman, Ann ; 
area, 15,360 acres ; grazing capabihty, 500 head of cattle. Charges, £17. 

CURRY FLAT, HEAD OF, STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Driscoll, 
John ; area, 6080 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. Charges, £48 15s. 

CURRY FLAT STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Cooper, Buckland ; 
area, 15,667 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. Charges, £87 10s. 

CUTH0WARRA STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Perry, G. M. and A. ; 
area, 89,600 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

CUTKR0E OUTER STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Pile, James ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capabihty, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 5s. 



Cut — Dam] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



169 



CTJTTABALBO STATION [Bligh district) ; occupier, Brown, Andrew ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. Charges, £50. 

CUTTAC0W (or Long Swamp) CREEK (Co. Buccleugh) is a S. tributary of the 
Oak creek, rising in Paddy's rock hill, and flowing X. through swampy ground. 
Granite, trap rock, and slate, with fluviatile deposit. 

DABEE (Co. Phillip) is a small -village lying about 4 miles from the township of 
Rylestone, at the confluence of Cox's creek and the Cudgegong river. Slate and 
shale. 

DAGrWORTH ( Go. NorthmwherUmd) is a tract of flat and partly swampy land, 
in the parish of Maitland, situated on Wallis's creek. Sandstone, with alluvial 
deposit. 

DAHLIA CREEK (Co. Cumberland) is a small creek near the head of George's 
river. Sandstone. 

DAHOMEY STATIOX [Bligh district) ; occupier, Allison, Jas. M. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4009 sheep. The nearest post town is Merri-Merri. 
Charges, £30. 

DAHOMEY No. 2 STATIOX ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Alison, Matthew ; 
area, 7000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Merri- 
Merri. Charges, £150. 

DALEDERRY CREEK (Co. Ashburnham), one of the heads of Byrne's creek. 
It is fed by Kelly's Station creek. Granite, slate, and shale. 

DALEY'S CREEK {Co. King) is a small X. tributary of Blakeney's creek, 
flowing about 4 miles in the Yass plains. Granite, slate, and limestone. 

DALHUNTEY STATIOX ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Forlonge, W. ; 
estimated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £75. 

DALINGERA STATIOX (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Dangar, W. J. ; area, 
192.000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40; the 
recently appraised rental is £50. 

DALKEITH {Co. Bligh). See Cassilis. 

DALT0N, 34° 43' S. lat., 149° 13' E. long. (Co. King), is a postal township in the 
parish of Dalton and electoral district of Yass. It is situated ou the Oolong creek, 
about 1 mile below its junction with Basin creek, and the same distance above its 
junction with the Yarrawa creek Dalton is a new township, the first town allot- 
ments having been sold on the 12th August, 1862. It has, however, thriven weR, 
and promises to become a place of considerable importance. It contains a tannery, a 
boot and shoe factory, a wheelwright's shop, a coach factory, and a wine manufactory, 
at which about 400 gaUons of wine are made from grapes grown in the district in the 
course of the year. The land in the neighbourhood is well adapted for agriculture, 
and grapes are successfully cultivated ; large tracts of land are also taken up for pas- 
toral purposes. Gold has been found in several creeks near, but not in payable 
cpaantities. The nearest places are — Gunning, 8 miles E., Yass, 24 miles S., both on 
the main Southern road, and Boorowa, 32 miles S.W., on the road to Young. There 
is no communication with these places, except by horse or dray. That with Sydney, 
166 miles X.E., is from Gunning by coach to Picton, and thence by rail. Dalton has 
a post office, a large brick Wesleyan chapel, a national school (with an average attend- 
ance of about 40 children), and 1 union benefit society, having a good wooden club- 
house. At a distance of a mile from the town there is a church of England, and at 
2 miles distance a Primitive Methodist chapel and school. There is 1 hotel, the 
Dalton Arms (Townsend's). The surrounding country is an elevated table land, and 
the geological formation generally granitic. The population of Dalton numbers 61 
persons, exclusive of a large number of farmers in the surrounding locality. 

DAM CREEK {Co. Murray), a small E. tributary of the Murrumbidgee river, 
flowing in the S.E. part of the Yass plains. Metamorphic slate and limestone. 

DAMPIER is a county in the pastoral district of. Monaro. It contains 26,442 
acres of alienated land and 997,558 acres unalienated. Its present boundaries, how- 
ever, are open to modification. This county contains gold in the granite of which it 
is chiefly composed. 



170 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Dan — Dap 



DANANBILLA STATION [Lachldn district) • occupier, Cheers, John ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £70. 

DANDAL00 STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Florent, Martel ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £75. 

DANDAL00 BACK STATION (Wellington district) ; occupier, Florent, Martel ;. 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £51. 

DANDXtY CREEK (Co. Baradine, Liverpool plains district) is an E. tributary of 
the head of the Baradine creek, rising in mount Ulmambra, in the Warabungle range, 
near the township of Coonabarabran, and flowing N. through rich grassy flat pastoral 
country. Basalt, with deep alluvial deposit. 

DANDHY STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Carlow, Mrs. 
Catherine ; estimated area, 40,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The 
old charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £30. 

DANGALIER, BLOCK BACK, No. 1 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, 
Bourke, Henry ; area, 31,360 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£30 10s. 

DANGAR'S FALLS (Co. Sandon) is a waterfall on the Saumarez creek, above 
Dangar's station, and in the parish of Mihi. These falls are 600 feet in height, and 
fall over large masses of hornblendic granite, of which the bed of the creek is 
composed. Hornblendic granite and shale. 

DANGAR'S LAGOON (Co. Sandon) is a small waterhole in the parish of 
Uralla, and lying about 3 miles S.E. of the township of Uralla. A diggers' race has 
been cut for a distance of about 2 miles N. E. from the lagoon, which was reserved for 
water supply, September 5th, 1862. The lagoon is situated in a flat, which is 
inundated during flood time. Alluvial deposit. 

DANGEL0NG STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Bradley, William ; area, 
15,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £67 10s. 

DANGER POINT, 28° 8' S. lat., 153° 32' E. long. (Co. Rous), is a rocky 
promontory, standing boldly out into the sea, and forming the coast boundary 
between New South "Wales and Queensland. From cape Byron bay a sandy beach 
trends to the N. 6 miles, to a small river with sunken rocks in the entrance, whence 
the general direction of the coast of Danger point is N.W. Inland the country is 
high and hilly, but near the shore it is low. Danger point is low, with a hillock on 
it, and extends out from the main land at N. by W. f W. , 30 miles from cape Byron. 
A rocky spit projects about a \ of a mile to the N. from the extreme point, and 
borders the shore a mile to the W. Immediately to the S. of this point, off which 
are also some sunken rocks, is the entrance of the Tweed river, which *is about If 
cable wide ; it is contracted by a sandy bar, reaching nearly across from the low 
land S. of the passage. At S. E. , 2 miles from Danger point, and ^ a mile from the 
low sandy shore with which it is connected by a shoal, is Cook islet, about 4 cables 
in circumference. The entrance to the Tweed river being nearly blocked up by a bar, 
and exposed to the ocean swell, and there being as little as 3 feet at low water in 
the passage. 

DAPT0, 34° 28' S. lat., 150° 41' E. long. (Co. Camden), is a postal village, the 
centre of an agricultural district, in the parish of Dapto, electoral district of Illawarra, 
and police district of Wollongong. It is situated on Mullet creek, at the E. foot of 
the Illawarra range of mountains. The district is almost exclusively an agricultural 
one, the principal industry being dairy farming. There is 1 large steam flour mill 
in the village (Brown's). There is, however, some good grazing country, used chiefly 
for the fattening of cattle. The nearest places are, Wollongong (the next telegraph 
station), 8 miles N.N.E., and Jamberoo, 13 miles, and Kiama, 17 miles, S. With 
Wollongong there is communication by daily mail cart, and with the other places by 
horse and dray only. With Sydney, 72 miles N., the communication is by the 
I.S.N. Co. 's steamers from Wollongong or Kiama, or by coach to Campbelltown, 
and thence by rail. There is 1 hotel, the Illawarra (Moon's), and 2 churches in the 
village. Dax>to is under the control of the municipal council of central Illawarra. 
The surrounding country is elevated, and coal is abundant throughout the ranges, 



Dar] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 171 



the geological formation being carboniferous, and generally ferruginous sandstone. 
The scenery in the neighbourhood is exceedingly beautiful, particularly that in the 
W., or hilly portion, the mountain range being covered with fine timber of all kinds, 
and the numerous gullies being overgrown by dense vegetation of the most luxuriant 
and varied kinds, many of the plants and ferns being almost tropical in their nature, 
and the many-hued flowers and tangled creepers overhanging permanent streams of 
the purest and clearest water. Native game abounds in all directions, and the 
district is a favourite one for the sportsman in search of either kangaroo or aquatic 
birds. The population is small, and scattered over the numerous farms lying on 
every hand. 

DARBALARA STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Smith, W. K. ; 
area, 28,800 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old charges, £84 ; new 
appraisement, £32. 

DARGAL MOUNTAINS (Co. Selwyn) is the name given to the three peaks of 
a triple-headed mountain, in the Murray or Bogong range. They attain a very great 
height, and their summits are usually covered with snow for at least three quarters 
of the year. They bear N. N. W. , about 25 miles from mount Kosciusko, and S. E. , 
about 32 miles from Tumberumba. The lower parts of these mountains are thickly 
timbered, and densely scrubbed, and numerous small streams have their rise in them. 
The highest peak of this mountain reaches an altitude of 5490 feet above sea level. 
Granite and metamorphic schists. 

DARGAN CREEK (Co. Dudley) is a small S. tributary of the head of the 
Nambucca river, flowing through swampy country, well timbered with cedar. 
Sandstone. 

DARIGAL CREEK (Co. Gordon) is a S. tributary of the Buckinbar creek. 

DARKWATER, 31° 4' S. lat., 152° 52' E. long. (Co. Macquarie), is a small 
postal township, in the parish of Kinchela, and electoral district of the Hastings, and 
police district of Macleay. It is situated on the Macleay river, near the confluence 
of the Darkwater creek, about 20 miles from the mouth of the river, at Trial bay. 
Both streams are navigable for coasting vessels, and a good trade is carried on at 
Darkwater in shipping grain and other produce to the Sydney market. The district 
is an agricultural one, the banks of the river being composed of soil of the richest 
description, which produces large crops of maize, &c. The land is taken up by about 
50 settlers in small farms. The nearest township is Kempsey, which lies 12 miles 
distant in a S.W. direction, with which place there is communication by horse and 
dray, or by boat. With Sydney, 277 miles S. , the communication is by steam from 
Kempsey, or by horse or dray to Raymond terrace, and thence by steam. The mail 
is conveyed overland on horseback from Raymond terrace twice a week. The sur- 
rounding country consists of low swampy ground. The township has but recently 
been settled, and, although many town lots have been purchased, the buildings are as 
yet but few, there being only a post office, Wesleyan chapel, and 3 other build- 
ings. The locality, however, promises to be a prosperous one. The geological 
formation is sandstone. 

DARKWATER CREEK (Co. Macquarie) is a small S. tributary of the Mac- 
quarie, falling into it at the township of Darkwater. This creek rises in a swamp, 
and flows N. about 16 miles. Sandstone and trap rock. It receives its name from 
the dark colour of its water. Its banks consist of fine fertile soil, on which numerous 
settlers are located. The grain crops produced there are very large. 

DARLINGr is a county in the pastoral district of Liverpool plains, containing 
38 acres of alienated land, and 927,362 acres unalienated. The present boundaries, 
however, are open to modification. 

DARLING pastoral district is a vast tract of country, lying in the S.W. part of 
the colony, and watered by the Darling and Murray rivers, and their tributaries. It 
has an area of 50,000 square miles, and a population of about 900 persons. The 
number of freehold landholders in this district is 5, and of leaseholders 5. The extent 
of land in cultivation is 155 acres. Under wheat there are 16 acres. Live stock : 
Horses, 1203 ; horned cattle, 34,934 ; sheep, 287,435. 

DARLING HARBOUR (native name Tumbulong) (Co. Cumberland) is a S. 
arm of port Jackson, forming part of the W. boundary of the city of Sydney. This. 



172 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



[Dak 



bay divides the suburbs of Bahnain, Pynnont, and the Ultimo estate from Sydney, 
and is second in importance to Sydney cove. On its E. side are situated Moore's 
wharf, whence the English mail ships sail ; Deloitte's wharf ; the Balmain steam ferry 
wharves (2) ; the Flour company's and Grafton wharves, whence steamers run to 
New Zealand ; the Australian Steam Navigation company's wharf, whence steamers 
run to Melbourne, Brisbane, Maryborough, Rockhampton, Port Denison, and the 
Pioneer river, New Zealand, Adelaide, the Hunter river, the Paterson river, and to 
AVilliams river ; the Phoenix wharf, whence steamers run to Wollongong, Kiama, 
-Shoalhaven, Merimbula, Clyde river, Ulladalla, and Moruya, and to Brisbane Water : 
the Parramatta steamer wharves (2) ; the Commercial wharf, whence steamers run to 
Melbourne, Twofold bay, and other places ; the Queensland Steam Navigation Com- 
pany's wharf, whence steamers run to Brisbane, Maryborough, and Rockhampton ; 
and the Hunter River Steam Navigation company's wharf, whence steamers run to 
the Hunter and Williams rivers. There are also numerous smaller wharves for 
general use. On the W, side lies the suburb of Pyrmont, and on a small island in 
that suburb, now connected with the main land, is the A. S. N. Co.'s patent sbp and 
works. Darling harbour is crossed by a fine substantial wooden bridge, erected on 
piles, and having a turnbridge in the middle large enough to allow vessels of a 
moderate size to pass through. This bridge connects the foot of Market-street, near 
the Market wharf, with Pyrniont. A goods station is erected on the Pyrmont side of 
the harbour, and is connected with the railway by a tramway. Darling harbour 
extends about a mile and a half in a S.S.E. direction from the main waters of port 
Jackson, and has a large branch to the W. , which divides Pyrmont from Balmain, 
known as Johnston's bay. 

DARLINGHTJRST [Co. Cumberland) is a portion of the city of Sydney, lying 
on the hill, at the E. side. The gaol, a tine and extensive stone building, erected 
originally by convict labour, but since enlarged, is situated in Darlinghurst ; and in the 
courts contiguous the assizes and central criminal courts are held. Sandstone. 

DARLING MOUNT (Co. King) is a detached mountain on the road from Cowra 
to Weeho, and between the Lachlan river and Hovell's creek. Granite. 

DARLING POINT ( Co. Cumberland) is a rocky promontory on the S. side of 
port Jackson, hong between Double and Rushcutter's bays. It is a favorite spot for 
suburban residences, the estates of Carthona, Green Oaks, and Mona, being situated 
upon it. The Darling Point road is about three quarters of a mile in length, and has 
numerous gentlemens' seats on both sides of it. The church of St. Mark (church of 
England) lies on the E. side of the road, and gives the name to the village lying on the 
New South Head road, at the junction of the Darling Point road, the latter being a 
beautiful drive or ride to the end, where it abruptly shelves into the harbour. Sand- 
stone, with sandy drift. 

DARLING (Kaeaula. Watta, or Calewatta) RIVER (WarregO) Albert, and 
Darling districts) is a fine, extensive, and important river, formed by the confluence of 
the Bogan, Rarwon, Bokhara, and Culgoa rivers, about 30° S. lat , 146° 25' E. long. 
It flows through vast barren plains, with occasional rich grassy flats, and large reedy 
swamps, about 650 miles in a general S.W. direction, when it empties its vast body of 
Avater into the Murray river, by two mouths, at the township of Wentworth, about 
34° 8' S. lat., 142° 2' E. long. The banks of this noble stream are wide and high, 
being for most of its course about 60 yards apart, and from 30 to 40 feet high. It was 
discovered by Captain Sturt, in 1829, and traced by liini, downwards, for a con- 
siderable distance. He then turned back, having seen but few patches of available 
country in his course. It was at that time supposed to flow into the sea to the S., 
but Sir Thomas Mitchell, in his exploration tour down the Murray, in 1835, discovered 
its embouchure into that river, and voyaging up it, found that it was the same river 
spoken of by Sturt as the Darling. It flows through or along the boundaries of the 
following counties : Cowper, Livingstone, Menindee, Perry, Windeyer, and "Went- 
worth. Besides these localities, which are partially settled on for pastoral purposes, 
the Darling flows through vast tracts of unavailable or unoccupied country ; the land 
on the banks is, however, entirely taken up in squattages. The following townships 
are situated on this river : Bourke, near its head, about 8 miles from the fort Bourke 
so celebrated in the explorations of Oxley and others as a depot for stores ; Menindee, 
Perry, and Wentworthl The road from Queensland, via Walgett, and from Sydney, 



Dar] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 173 



via Wee Waa, to "Wentworth and. Adelaide, has its course along the banks of this 
river. The Darling is fed by but few tributaries, after the important rivers at its head. 
The principal one is the YVarrego river, falling into it from the N.W., about 40 miles 
below fort Bourke. It also feeds, or is fed by the Clover, Ana Branch, Tallyawalka, 
Teryaweynya, "SVoytchugga, Pammumarooo, Laidley's ponds, Undcalke, and Coonal- 
hugga Ana branch, creeks. The country on each side the river is very arid, and is 
composed of soft clay, which dries into numerous fissures in summer, and retains no 
water in winter. The marks of high llood are apparent on the surface, as far as 2 
miles from the channel. It drains a basin of 198,000 scpiare miles, and flows through 
a course of 650 miles, between earthy broken banks, timbered with high trees. It ex- 
pands into long placid reaches, and has lonely flat-topped hills, lying at intervals, and 
at a short distance from its banks, during the whole of its lower course. The geological 
formation of the country through which it flows is lower palaeozoic at the upper end, 
with newer pliocene tertiary and limestone, and alluvial deposit, with occasional 
basaltic dykes, along the bed of the river. The soil is of clay, in which calcareous 
concretions and selenite occur abundantly. 

DARLING BLOCK (D) STATION [Darling district) - occupier, Broderibb, 
W. A. ; area and grazing capability, uncertain. The nearest post town is Balranald . 
Charges, £40. 

DARLING No. 1 (or Boxxr) STATION (Warrego district); occupier. Lord, 
G. TV". ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. The nearest post- 
town is Bourke. Charges, £30. 

DARLING No. 2 (or Talaa) STATION (Warrego district); occupier, Lord, 
G. W. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post 
town is Bourke. Charges, £30. 

DARLING, X. (BACK R), No. 1 STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, 
Bloxham, Edward .J. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, . 4000 sheep. The near- 
est post town is Bourke. Charges, £30 Is. 

DARLING, X. (BACK B), No. 2 STATION (Warrego district) ■ occupier, 
Bloxham, Edward ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Bourke. Charges, £30 Is. 

DARLING, N. (BACK R), No. 3 STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier,. 
Bloxham, Edward ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Bourke. Charges, £31. 

DARLING, N. (BACK B), No. 4 STATION (Warrego district) ■ occupier, 
Bloxham, Edward ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Bourke. Charges, £31. 

DARLING, X. (BACK R), No. 5 STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, 
Bloxham, Edward ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Bourke. Charges, £31. 

DARLING, X. (BACK R), No. 6 STATION (Warrego district); occupier, 
Hughes, Robert M. ; area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The near- 
est post town is Bourke. Charges, £20 Is. 

DARLING, N. (BACK R), No. 7 STATION (Warrego district) ; occupiers, 
Bloxham, E. and J. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The near- 
est post town is Bourke . Charges, £30 . 

DARLING, N. (BACK R), No. 8 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, 
Bloxham, E. and J,; area, 54,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Bourke. Charges, £30. 

DAR0BLE STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Ryrie and Alexander ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

DARLINGTON [Co. Cumberland) is apart of Sydney, lying within the muni- 
cipality of Cook, and between the Glebe and Redfern. 

DARLINGTON, 32~ J 32' S. lat., 151° 10' E. long. (Co. Durham), is a postal 
township in the parish of Auckland, and electoral and police districts of Patrick's 
plains. It is situated on the Hunter river, and is bounded N. and S. by the estates 
of Mrs. McDougall and the Rev. Mr. White (Gowery) respectively. It has a tannery, 



174 



The Xew South Wales Gazetteer. [Dar— Daw 



& blacksmith's and -wheelwright's shop, and 2 brick-yards, all in work ; a large number 
of quarrjuneii and stonemasons are also at work in the neighbourhood, and a fine coal 
mine is being worked within 4 miles of the township. The immediate neighbourhood 
is agricultural ; large quantities of wheat, barley, maize, and other produce being 
raised, and the outlying district is excellent pastoral country. Darlington is situated 
on the great Northern road, within a mile from the township of Singleton, from which 
it is separated by the Hunter river, over which a fine new bridge has been erected, the 
village of Cainberwell lying 8 miles W. "With both places there is communication by 
coach, and with Sydney, 123 miles S.S.E., by rail from Singleton to Newcastle, and 
thence by steamer. The hotel is the Eising Sun. The surrounding country is a 
beautiful flat, bounded by a range of low hills on the one side and the Hunter river 
on the other, the range being a spur of the mount Royal, or Cedar Brush range. 
The geological formation is carboniferous and ferruginous sandstone, with occasional 
limestone, the hills being well timbered with moderately-sized trees. The population 
numbers about 200 persons, there being a national school in the township, with au 
average attendance of about 40 scholars. 

DARLINGTON (or Liorgoxgai) (Co. Sturt) is a small roadside hamlet in the 

electoral district of Murrumbidgee and police district of Wagga-Wagga, situated on 
the Murrumbidgee river, near the confluence of the Mirool creek, and on the main 
road from Wagga-Wagga to Hay, Balranald, and South Australia. It lies 38 miles 
W. of the township of Narrandera, and is situated in open saltbush country, with 
undulating sand-hills, clad with sparse pine and honeysuckle scrub at intervals. The 
population engaged in pastoral pursuits numbers about 40 persons. 

DARLOW'S CREEK (Co. Wynyard) is an E. tributary of the Yaven-Yaven 
creek, rising in the Adelong gold fields, and flowing AY. 

DARNANGRY CREEK (Co. Bligh) is a smaU tributary of the lower end of 

the Wialdra creek. Metaniorphic. 

DAROWBALGIE STATION (Wellington district) ; occupier, Twaddell, James; 
estimated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £25 ; the recently appraised rental is £88. 

DAR0UBLE, E., STATION (Wellington district); occupier, Strehorne, John; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capabilit}-, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £30 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £50. 

DAR0UBLE, W., STATION ( Wellington district); occupier, Strehorne, John; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £30; the 
recently appraised rental is the same. 

DARRINDURY, W., STATION (BUgJi district) ; occupier, Flood, Edward; area, 
24,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

DART BROOK (Co. Brisbane) is a W. tributary of the Hunter river, rising by 
two heads in the S. part of the Liverpool range. These heads are known respec- 
tively as the Kingdon ponds and the Dartbrook. The tributaries are the Petwynne 
valley, Middle, and Spark's creek. Sandstone and shale. 

DAVIS CREEK [Co. Gfeorgiana) is a small S. tributary of the Abercrombie 
river, rising in the swampy and scrubby country N. of the village of Bigga, and 
flowing N. about 6 miles. Metainorphic slate and limestone. 

DAVY'S CREEK {Co. Bathurst) is a W. tributary of the Campbell river, fed 
by the Foster's Yalley creek, and flowing through the land reserved for church and 
school purposes in the parish of Oakley. Palaeozoic. 

Also a small S. tributary of the Belubula river, flowing through scrubby rugged 
country. Lower silurian. 

DAVY'S CREEK (Co. Westmoreland). See Stoxy Creek. 

DAVY'S PLAINS STATION ( Wellington district); occupier, Lawson, William, 
junr. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 12,000 sheep. The old charges 
were £181 17s. Od. ; the recently appraised rental is £300. 

DAWBENY MOUNT (Albert district) is an E. spur of the barrier of Stanley 
range, lying in the vast sandy plain to the W. of the Darling river. Sandstone. 

DAWES' POINT (Co. Cumberland) is a rocky promontory on the S. side of 



Daw— Dee] 



The Xew South Wales Gazetteer. 



175 



port Jackson, and within the city of Sydney. It lies at the N. end of George-street, 
and forms the W. head of Sydney cove. On the point of this promontory is situated 
the artillery barracks and officers' quarters for the city, and also a masked battery- 
facing the E. , having a stone fort and raised earthworks, mounting 5 forty-two pounder 
guns, 15 thirty-two pounders, 4 nine -pounders, 1 forty-pounder Armstrong gun, and 1 
twelve -pounder howitzer. The artillery force numbers a total of 38 men, including 1 
captain and 1 subaltern. To the S. W. of this point, and in a bight of the harbour, 
are situated the Windmill- street steam ferry wharf, whence small steamers ply to 
Blue's point, St. Leonards ; Towns' and Moore's wharves are also situated in the same 
bight. Sandstone. 

DAWSON'S RIVER (Co. Mctcquarie) is a small X. tributary of the lower end 
of the Manning river, falling into it near Cundletown. Sandstone, shale, and lime- 
stone. 

DEAD BULLOCK CREEK STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, 
Loder, George ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Charges, 
£32. 

DEAD BULLOCK, WARRAMBOQL, BACK STATION [Liverpool plains 
district) ; occupier, Dangar, William ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head 
of cattle. Charges, £30 10s. 

DEAD BULLOCK, WARRAMBOOL, STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; 
occupier, Dangar, William ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. 
Charges, £32 7s. 6d. 

DEAD HORSE CREEK (Co. Goulburn) a small tributary of the upper part of 
the Bowna creek, rising in the Piney range, and flowing E. The overflow of a 
swampy lagoon in the parish of Huon, called the Big swamp, drains into the head of 
the creek. J. F. H. Mitchell has 320 acres at the junction of the creeks. The 
geological formation is schistose, with granite cropping out at the tops of the 
mountains. 

DEADMAN'S CREEK (Co. Cumberland) is a small tributary of George's river, 
joining it near its fall into Botany bay. Silurian. 

DEADMAN'S CREEK {Co. Northumberland) is a small E. tributary of Black 
creek. Carbonaceous sandstone. 

DEADMAN'S CREEK (Co. Roxburgh) is a small N. tributary of the Solitary 
creek, rising near Meadow flat, and flowing S. through good pastoral land in the 
parish of Thornshope. Lower Silurian. 

DEALWARNILDI STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Button, 
Charles ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31. 

DEAN'S, (or Four Mile) CREEK (Co. Goulburn), a small tributary of the 
head of the Billabong creek, rising in the rugged scrubby country in the E. of the 
county of Goulburn, and flowing X.W. about 8 miles. The country is little known, 
and its geological formation is generally mica schist. 

DEEP CREEK (Co. Durham) is a small creek at the head of the Karaula river. 

DEEP CREEK (Co. Georgiana) is a small E. tributary of the Burangylong 
creek, draining the scrubby and swampy country 1ST. of the Tuena gold fields. 

DEEP CREEK ( Co. King) is a small W. tributary of the Hovell creek, draining 
through the Boorowa plains. 

DEEP CREEK (Co. Monteagle) is a small W. tributary of the lower part of the 
Cookoomingala creek. 

DEEP CREEK (Co. Richmond) is a small S. tributary of the Richmond river. 
Sandstone. 

DEEP FALL (Co. Sandon) is a waterfall on the Mihi creek, near Jenkins's out 
station, in the parish of Eastlake. Granite. 

DEEPWATER (Co. Clive) ; is a pastoral hamlet and roadside hotel ; the Deep- 
water, situated on the Deepwater creek, and on the main N. road and telegraph 
line to Queensland, lying about 12 miles N. of the village of Severn, and 29 miles X. 
of Glen Innis. Sandstone and shale. 



176 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Dee — Dem 



DEEP WATER [Co. Gough) is a small agricultural village in the electoral and 
police districts of Tenterlield. It is situated on the Deep-water creek, about 12 miles 
N. of Severn, and 2S miles X. of Glen Innis, on the great IS", road, the communication 
being by horse and dray only. There is 1 hotel, the Deepwater (Barrett's) in the vil- 
age, which has a population of about 40 persons. Granite and shale. 

DEEPWATER CREEK [Nao England district) is a S. tributary of the head 
of the Mole river, rising in the W. slope of the Australian Alps, under inount Capooni- 
peta. and flowing W. and X. through rugged and precipitous ravines, with occasional 
beautiful grassy gullies, heavily timbered, into the main stream near the town- 
ship of Bolivia. The geological formation is granite and micaceous schist. 

DEEPWATER STATION [Mew England district) ; occupier, Windeyer, A. ; 
area, 59.000 acres : grazing capability, 400 head of cattle and 10,000 sheep. The old 
charges were £123 15s. 2d. ; the recently appraised rental is £206. 

DEERIMAN STATION [Gwydir district) ; occupiers, Bucknell and Brothers ; 
area, 76S0 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £34. 

DEER PARK (Co. Phillip) is the name of a tract of good pastoral country, 
lying in the rugged country to the E. of Dabee. Sandstone. 

DEERUBBUIT RIVER, the native name of the Hawkesbury river, which see. 

DELEGETE, 36° 42 - S. lat, 149° 6'E. long. (Co. Wellesley), is a postal village, in 
the parish of Delegete, electoral district of Monaro, and police district of Bombala. 
It is situated 3 miles X.E. by 2s. of the Delegete mountains, and 1 mile from the 
Delegete river. It is a piastoral district, not well suited to agricultural pursuits, 
being subject to severe frosts. There is an alluvial gold working in the neighbour- 
hood, the miners being mostly Chinamen. The diggings commence on Little plain, 
the station of J. Zsicholson, Esq., pass through Craigie, the station of C. Lawson, 
Esq., and cross the boundary line into Gipp's land, Victoria. The nearest township 
to Delegete is Bombala. distant 24 miles N.W., the communication with that place 
and the surrounding districts is by horse, dray, or pack-horse only. To Sydney there 
are two routes, one via Bombala to Cooma on horseback, thence by mail coach to 
Picton. and thence by rail, and the other from Bombala by passenger van to Twofold 
bay, and thence by steamer, the latter being by far the preferable route. There are 
no hotels, or coach or carrying offices in Delegete, which is tinder the control of the 
Bombala bench of magistrates. The surrounding country is undulating, and in many 
places well grassed, but in others densely scrubbed, and abounding in heavy timber. 
The district is more than 2000 feet above the level of the sea, and is supposed to be 
generally auriferous. The geological formation is chiefly porphyritic granite and trap 
rock. The population numbers about 2S0 persons in the neighbourhood. 

DELEGETE PLAIN (Co. Wellesley) is a tract of bold undulating country, 
lying in the S. of the county, and adjoining the dividing line between Xew South 
Wales and Victoria. It consists of good pastoral country, intersected by ranges 
riinning in peaks, and is watered by the Delegete river. The road from Gipp's land 
to Bombala (from which latter place it is distant about 16 miles S.W.) crosses the 
plain. Gold has been found in payable qiiantities, the miners being principally 
Chinamen. The geological formation is granite and trap rock. 

DELEGETE RIVER (Co. Wellesley) is a S. tributary of the Bombala river, 
rising in the Delegete range (Victoria), and flowing in a X. direction through the- 
Delegete plain, and to the W. of the Little plain gold workings. It crosses the 
boundary line between !N"ew South Wales and Victoria. It is fed by the Little plain 
river. Granite, trap rock, and quartz-bearing slate. 

DELEGETE STATION (Monaro district); occupier, Campbell, Sophia Jane; 
area, 31,320 acres ; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Delegete. Charges, £155. 

DELEGETE STATION (Monaro district); occupier, Hayden, Henry ; area, 
12,800 acres ; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Delegete. Charges, £34 Is. 3d. 

DEMANDERING STATION (Monaro district); occupier, Booth, James 

area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. Charges, £40. 



Dem — Den] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



177 



DEMON CREEK (Co. Clwe) is a W. tributary of the Timbarra rivulet, rising 
in mount Gerard, and flowing S. Sandstone and slate. 

DEMONDRILLE CREEK [Co. Harden) is a W. auriferous tributary of the 
Cunningham creek, rising in the hills S. of Young, and flowing about 8 miles S.E. It 
is fed by the Back and Wombat creeks. This creek flows through the Chinese gold 
fields (Burrangong), and has good agricultural land on both sides of it. Two lots, of 
402 and 160 acres respectively, are taken up by S. K. Salting. Metamorphic slate. 

DEMONDRILLE STATION (Lack/an district) ; occupier, Salting, S. K. ; 
area, 38,-100 acres ; grazing capability, 1920 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£120 ; the recently appraised rental is £130. 

DEMPSEY ISLAND [Co. Northumberland) is a small island in port Hunter, 
situated between Ash island and Mosquito island. 

DENHAM is a county in the pastoral district of Liverpool plains, containing 
644 acres of alienated land, and 1,295,356 acres unalienated. The present boundaries, 
however, are open to modification. 

DENHAM COURT I Co. Cumberland) is a postal and road bound hamlet in the 
parish of St. Mary's the Virgin, electoral district of the Xepean, and police district 
of Liverpool, It is situated on the Anvil creek, and on the road from Liverpool to 
Campbelltown, 7 miles S. from the former, and 6 miles N. from the latter place. 
Denham court was formerly the estate of T. V. Bloomrield, the house having been 
used for some time past until very recently by the Misses Lester as a ladies' boarding 
school. "With Sydney. 26i miles K.E., the communication is from either the Campbell- 
town or Liverpool stations by rail, the communication with those stations being either 
by horse or private conveyance. Denham court has a post office and 1 hotel, the St. 
Patrick's. There is a church of England and a Denominational school in the hamlet. 
The surroirnding country is very hilly, and from it there is an extensive view over the 
valley of Bunbury Curran, across dense masses of forest, only broken by the innumer- 
able ravines of port Hacking and lllawarra. The population is small, and scattered 
over the numerous agricultural farms of the district. The geological formation is 
sandstone. 

DENILIQTJIN (originally Woolshed), 35° 30' S. lat., 145 3 2' E. long. (Co. 
Tovmsend), is a postal township in the electoral district of the Murray, and police 
district of Denihquin. It is the proposed capital of Riverina, and is situated on the 
Edwards (or Wakool) river, about 50 miles N. of Echuca on the Murray river, and on 
the main line of road from Melbourne (Victoria) to the Murrumbidgee, Lachlan, and 
Darling rivers. Coaches run daily to the Melbourne and Murray River railway, at 
Echuca (Victoria), and the Sydney, via Albury, twice a week, and via. Wagga-Wagga 
twice a week. A coach also runs to Hay and Booligal, on the Lachlan, three times a week. 
The Tuppal creek being E. , and the Giilpa creek S. E. ; each lie about 6 miles distant from 
the boundary; and Alljoes, Tarangile, and Coonambidgal creeks flow near the township. 
The district in which Denilir(uin is situated is purely a pastoral one, agricultural pur- 
suits not being followed at all There are no mills or manufactories in the neighbour- 
hood. The nearest towns of any importance are Albury, 140 miles E. ; Wagga-Wagga, 
180 miles X.E. ; Hay, on the Murrumbidgee, 70 miles N. ; and Moama, on the Murray 
(opposite Echuca, Victoria, the terminus of the Melbourne and Murray river line of 
railway!, 40 miles S. To these places Cobb and Co.'s conveyances run regularly, as 
mentioned above. With Sydney the communication is by coaches, via, Albury and via, 
Wagga-Wagga (or by Cobb and Co. 's four-horse coach), to Echuca, thence by rail to Mel- 
bourne, and thence by steamer. Deniliquin is built on both sides the Edwards river, the 
business portion of the town being, however, on the S. side. It has a post and money- 
order office, a telegraph office, and a court-house, where the court of qtiarter sessions 
for the recovery of debts under £200, the police court, and the monthly court of petty 
sessions, for the recovery of debts under £10, are held. The town, being on the high 
road between the extensive S. and W. squatting districts of New South Wales and 
Victoria, commands an extensive trade in stock, having no fewer than six agents re- 
sident in it, who represent the largest squatting interests in both colonies. There is an ex- 
cellent and well conducted hospital and benevolent asylum, supported by private con- 
tributions and a government grant, a floivrishing mechanics' institute, a race course, 
and reserve for public recreation, W. and S.W. of the township, and a number of large 
and well stocked stores. Journalism is well represented in the town, there being 2 



178 The Xew South Wales Gazetteer. [Den 



well conducted newspapers, the Pastoral Times and the Chronicle, which have a large 
circulation over the whole of the the district. There are branches of 
the City, Australian Joint Stock, and New South Wales banks, and of 
the European, Sydney, and Australian Mutual Insurance companies. 
Deniliquin has an Odd Fellows' lodge (lodge True Briton No. 40). The hotels 
are the Family (Iron's), the Royal (Taylor's), the Wanderer Inn, the 
Sportsman's Arms, and the St. George Inn. The two first-named are roomy, well- 
built, and conducted with every regard to comfort and cleanliness. There is a coach 
office and a carrying agency in the town, the former for booking passengers and small 
parcels, and the latter for the transmission of heavy goods by horse and bullock drays. 
Efforts are being made in this district to establish a railway line from Echuca, which, 
if successful, will render Deniliquin one of the most important towns in the S. district. 
The township is not at present under the control of any local body, but an application 
for a municipal council has been approved by the government. The spiritual wants 
of the community are attended to by clergymen of the various denominations of the 
Christian faith, who are established in the town. The surrounding country on all 
sides is almost a dead level, well grassed, and intersected with belts of myall, gum, 
box, and cherry-tree forest, and saltbush. It is watered by numerous creeks and 
swampy lagoons, which, however, become partially or wholly dry in summer. The 
geological formation is older pliocene tertiary, consisting of sandy beds over clay, 
shale, gravel, and conglomerate, in which water, often brackish, may generally be 
obtained by sinking. The population is estimated at from 700 to 800 in the township, 
and 1500 including the surrounding district. Deniliquin lies at an elevation of 410 
feet above sea level ; the mean shade temp, is 57° ; the mean max. 75° ; and the mean 
min. 41°. Depth of rain 16 -inches ; number of days' rain 72. 

Deniliquin is a police district, embracing part of the pastoral district of 
Murrumbidgee ; and bounded on the S. , from the Murray river, at a point due S. 
from Werinmunah, or Woore's hill, by a line to that hill, and thence by a line N. 
to the confluence of the Colombo and Billabong creeks, excluding Mr. Atkins's run 
on the Billabong, thence by the Colombo creek to the upper end of Osborne's run, 
and by the boundary of Osborne's run on the Colombo, and Pepper's run on the 
Yankd, including both these runs, to the N. E. corner of Pepper's run ; thence on the 
N. by the back or N. boundaries of all the runs fronting to the Yanko creek and to 
the Billabong creek, below the confluence of the Yanko creek, and to the Edwards 
river, below the confluence of the Billabong creek to to the confluence of that river 
with the Wakool river ; on the W. by the boundary dividing Mr. Guerson's Tararie 
run from Messrs. Sylvester and Smith's Salisbury plains (Moolpur) run, now Salis- 
bury plains and Burrawang runs, S. , to the confluence of the Wakool and Edwards 
rivers, thence by the Wakool river, downward, to its confluence with the Murray 
river ; on the S. W. and S. by the Murray river, upward, including Puggarmilly, 
Pental, and Beveridge islands, to Woore's hill, aforesaid. The places of petty sessions 
are, Deniliquin, Moama, and Moulamein. 

DENILIQUIN, LOWER and S. {Murrumbidgee district). See Lower and 
South Deniliquin. 

DENILIQUIN STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Tyson, James ; 
estimated area, 93,400 acres; grazing capability, 12,000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Deniliquin. The old charges were £120 ; the recently appraised rental 
is £310. 

DENILIQUIN, S., STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Tyson, 
James; estimated area, 32,000 acres; grazing capability, 1120 head of cattle. The 
nearest post town is Deniliquin. The old charges were £70 ; the recently appraised 
rental is £65. 

DENIS0N is a county in the pastoral district of Murrumbidgee. It contains 
2148 acres alienated land, and 724,252 acres unalienated. Its present boundaries, 
however, are open to modification. 

DEinSON FORT (or Pinchgut) ISLAND (native name Mattewae) (Co. 
Cumberland) is a rocky island lying in port Jackson, opposite the mouth of Woolloo- 
mooloo bay, and about 34 miles in a straight line W.S.W. of the entrance at the 
inner South Head. It was named Rock island by Governor Phillip, but was better 
known by the name of Pinchgut, from the fact of a prisoner, who had been found 



179 



stealing provisions during the time of famine in the early days of the colony, being 
punished by being left there without food for several days. It takes its 
present name from a strong stone fort (constructed during the governorship of Sir 
William Denison) which is built upon it, and which consists of a main building and 
. a martello tower at the N. E . end. This fort has a battery of 2 ten-inch guns, 1 eight- 
inch gun, 12 thirty-two pounders, and 1 twelve-pounder carronade, all mounted and 
ready for action. On the summit of the tower a steady red light burns from sun- 
down to sunset. Sandstone. 

DENISON TOWN, 32° 2' S. lat., 149° 27' E. long. {Co. Blkjh), is a postal hamlet 
and mounted police station in the centre of a large district of agricultural farms and 
other purchased land, the government township being at present not sold or marked, 
out. It is in the police district of Dubbo, and electoral district of the Bogan, and is 
situated on the right bank of the Talbragar river, 14 miles from its junction with the 
Coolahbaragundi river. The district is both pastoral and agricultural, the nearest 
places being Cassilis, the next telegraph station 35 miles E. ; Cobbora 20 miles W. ; 
Ooolah 22 miles N. ; and Mudgee 45 miles S. With these places there is communication 
hy horse and dray only, the mail being carried on horseback. With Sydney, 
262 miles S. E. , the communication is by mail coach from Cobbora, via Mudgee to 
Penrith, and thence by rail ; or by mail coach from Cassilis to Singleton, thence by 
rail to Newcastle, and thence by steamer. There is 1 hotel and store, the Denison 
(Denman's), which is also the post office. On the Mudgee road, 3h miles from the 
post office, is another hotel, called the Welcome Inn (New's). The surrounding coun- 
try consists for the most part of large open plains, stretching from the banks of the 
river to gently undulating ridgy country ; the river flats, of deep alluvial mould, are 
remarkably fertile, and the ridges for pastoral purposes are unsurpassed in the colony. 
Within a circle of about 8 miles are about 50 agricultural farms, taken up by settlers. 
The principal land and stock owners in the district are, D. Wall, Esq., of Pine ridge 
sheep station; and J. P. Bowman, Esq., of Merotherie sheep and cattle station. There 
is a good racecourse in the district, where races are held annually in December. Most 
of the stock travelling overland for Victoria, from the N.W. country, cross the Tal- 
bragar river at this place, en route for Dubbo. The geological formationof the country 
is upper and middle palaeozoic, with about 20 feet of black surface loam on the plains, 
and quartz and hornblendic granite in the ridges. The population numbers about 150 
persons. 

DENMAN, 32° 25' S. lat., 150° 43' E. long. (Co. Brisbane), is a postal town in 
the police district of Musclebrook and electoral district of upper Hunter. It is 
situated about 2 miles above the junction of the Goulburn and Hunter rivers, on the 
main road from Maitland to Merriwa, Cassilis, Mudgee, and other places. The district 
is a rich pastoral and agricultural one, and [the town is situated on the main 
thoroughfare, by which all fat cattle and sheep for the Maitland and Sydney markets 
travel from the N. and W. districts, the route from Denman being via Jerry's plains 
and Bulga road to Sydney, and via J erry's plains and Cockfighter's creek to Maitland. 
Many of the Sydney butchers have agencies in Denman for the purchase of cattle. 
The nearest places are Musclebrook, 16 miles N. (the next telegraph station and dis- 
trict and sessions court town), and Merriwa, 28 miles W. With these places there is 
communication by mail coach. With Sydney, 165 miles, the communication is by mail 
coach via Musclebrook to Singleton, thence by rail to Newcastle, and thence by steamer. 
The mail contractor has an office at Denman, where passengers and parcels may be 
booked for places up or down. The hotels are the Star and the Traveller's Pest. There 
are no mills, manufactories, or public buildings, in the town ; but there is a very neat 
church of England and a church of England school. About 1 mile W. of Denman 
rise lofty hills of sandstone, from which is obtained a very superior kind of stone for 
building purposes, tomb stones, &c. ; to the N., S., and E., the country consists of 
rich alluvial fiats, with fine open box ridges, and well grassed. When first discovered, 
this part of the country was called Twickenham meadows. The geological formation, 
is sandstone and shale. The population numbers about 200 persons. 

DENMAN STATION {Warrego district); occupier, Munro, G.; area, 10,480 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

DENNIS DOG KENNEL ( Co. Nortlumiherland) is a halting place for teams 
near the great North road, 78 miles from Sydney, a spot where there is good grass 
and plenty of water. 



180 



The ffev) South Wales Gazetteer. [Den — Dew 



DENNIS ISLAND (Co. Bathurst) is an agricultural settlement, lying about 12 
miles W. of Bathurst, on the Queen Charlotte vale creek. Metamorphic slate and 
sandstone. 

DERABUNG MOUNT (Co. Bland) is a solitary hill, lying in the vast plain 
between the Lachlan and Murrumbidgee rivers. 

DERALE MOUNT (Co. Phillip) is a lofty detached peak, lying on the N. bank 
of the Cudgegong river, about 10 miles E. of the township of Mudgee. The country 
is rugged and well adapted for grazing. Sandstone. 

DERRA-DERRA STATION (Gwydir district) ■ occupier, Cox, Sloper ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Moree. The old charges were £60 ; the recently appraised rental is £85. 

DERRA STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupiers, Watt, J. B., and Young, J. ; 
area, 34,560 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Moree. The old charges were £50 ; the recently appraised rental is £100. 

DERRIB0NG, BACK STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Kerr, Andrew; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £35. 

DERRIB0NG STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Kerr, Andrew ; area, 
44,000 acres; grazing capability, 1300 head of cattle. Old charges, £36 18s. 9d. ; 
new appraisement, £40. 

DERRINGELLAN CHEEK (Co. Harden) is a N. tributary of the Yass river, 
rising in the low scrubby ranges which bound the Yass plains on the N. , and flowing 
S. about 15 miles ; it crosses the Yass and Gundagai road on the Yass plains, about 5 
miles E. of Bowning ; it is fed by the Limestone creek. Metamorphic slate and 
limestone. 

DERRINGTLLLA STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Bundle, J. B. ; esti- 
mated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 sheep. The old charges were 
£17 10s. ; the recently appraised rental is £20. 

DERRIW0NG STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Mort, Cameron, and 
Buchanan; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£30 2s. 6d. 

DERRULAMEIN STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, McLaurin 
and Sons ; area, 25,600 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £141 6s. 

DERUBBA (Co. Bichmond) is a small W. tributary of the Bichmond river. 

Sandstone. 

DERTJEN CBEEK (Co. Phillip) is a tributary of the head of the Barigan creek. 
Sandstone and shale. 

DEUA RIVER (Cos. St. Vincent and Dampier). See Moruya River. 

DEVIL'S BOTTOM (Co. Camden) is a deep valley, situated on the road leading 
from the Great South road to the Wollondilly and Goulburn plains, about 90 miles 
from Sydney. 

DEVIL'S HOLE CREEK (Co. Wellington) is a small auriferous tributary of 
the Kingarragan creek, rising in the N. E. of the upper Waurclury range, and flowing 
through rugged scrubby country. Micaceous schist and shale. 

DEVIL'S PASS (Co. Harden) is a rugged gap over the S. end of the Black 
range, at a crossing place over the Yass river, about 6 miles S.W. of Yass township. 
Granite and limestone. 

DEVIL'S PINCH {Co. Sandon) is a steep incline on the main Northern road, 
lying in the parish of Exmouth, and about 12 miles N. of the township of Armidale. 
Granite and shale. 

DEVIL'S PINCH (Co. Wellington) is a steep hill on the road from Sofala to 
Tambaroora. It is situated at the head of the Pomnaira creek, near Sally's flat, 
aboiit 8 miles W.N.W. of Sofala. Metamorphic shale. 

DEWINBUNG MOUNT {Co. Gordon) is a lofty hill, lying between the Curra 
creek and the Little river, about 8 miles S. W. of Wellington. Granite and limestone. 



181 



DIAMOND BAY (Co. Cumberland) is a small opening in the perpendicular 
cliffs of the coast, about 2 miles S. of the entrance to port Jackson. There are several 
curious caves in the rocks lying near and to the S. of this bay. Sandstone. 

DIAMOND CREEK [Co. Georgiana), a small S. tributary of the Wagaloola 
<?reek, draining the country E. of the township of Binda, and flowing N.W. 
Metamorphic slate. 

DIAMOND CREEK (Co. King) is a fine mountain stream, rising in the W. 
slope of the Australian Alps, and flowing S. W. through the N. E. part of the Yass 
plains, into the Cullarin creek. It is fed by the Boorangallen ponds. Limestone 
and slate. 

DIAMOND CREEK ( Co. Roxburgh) is a small tributary of the Cheshire creek, 
rising in the Limekiln range, and flowing W. through some agricultural land, cut up 
into small farms. Sandstone, limestone, and clay slate. 

DIAMOND SWAMP CREEK (Co. Roxburgh) is a N. tributary of the Fish 
river, rising in the flat country to the S. E. of the Kirkconnell gold fields, and flowing 
S. through good agricultural land, taken up by Messrs. Lawson, Mitchell, and others. 
It is fed by the Meadow Flat creek. Upper and middle palaeozoic. 

DICKENSON'S CREEK (Co. Macquarie) is a small N. tributary of the 
Manning river, falling into it a few miles E. of Cundletown. Sandstone and alluvial 
drift. 

DICKSON'S CREEK (Co. King) is a small E. tributary of the Cullarin creek, 
flowing in the N.E. of the Yass plains. Limestone and shale. 

DIDDEL MOUNT (Co. St. Vincent). See Pigeon House. 

DIEGGA FLAT ( Co. Northumberland) is a tract of flat country lying on the 
1ST. W. of lake Macquarie, and on the banks of Cockle creek. Alluvial drift over sand- 
stone rock. 

DIEHARD CREEK (Co. Gough) is a small JST. tributary of the Mitchell river. 
♦Sandstone. 

DIEHARD (or Naijnna) MOUNT ( Co. Bligh) is a high solitary peak, lying on the 
N. bank of the Macquarie river, about 1^ mile N.E. of Wellington. Metamorphic slate 
and granite. 

DIENUMGA STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Dryman, P.; area, 32,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

DIGIDAA MOUNT ( Co. Courallie) is a lofty and precipitous peak of the Nundawar 
range of mountains, lying about 36 miles to the N.E. of the township of Narrabri, and 
to the W. of the Horton river. Red trap rock. 

DEGILAH STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Richardson, R,; area, 16,000 
-acres, grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32 4s. 

DILGAE, CREEK (Co. Gordon) is a small tributary of the head of the Little 
river. Granite and metamorphic shale. 

DILGA STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Ross, William ; area, 19,200 
.acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the recently ap- 
praised rental is £68. 

DILK00SA, N., STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, Smith and Read; area, 
•32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £33. 

DILK00SA STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, Smith and Read ; area, 
52,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £33. 

DILLY-DILLY STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Walker, Mrs. R. R. ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2500 sheep. The old charges were £28 15s. ; 
the recently appraised rental is £35. 

DINGO CREEK (Co. Macquarie) is a N. tributary of the Manning river, rising 
"by two heads, the E. and W. branches, and falling into the main stream about 6 miles 
W. of Wingham. Sandstone and limestone. 

DINGO CREEK, 31° 56' S. lat, 152° 18' E. long. (Co. Macquarie), is the name of 



182 



[Din — Dog 



the agricultural district lying on both sides the two "branches of the Dingo creek. The 
name of the principal town in the district is Wingham, but the post office and two. 
public schools lie about 12 miles to the E. The district is watered by the E. and W. 
Dingo creeks ; the Manning river ; the Bobban creek, about 11 miles N.W. of the 
post office ; and the Boorie creek, about 6 miles E. of the same place. The district is 
taken up by a number of small farmers, there being about 66 families, or 400 persons 
scattered over it ; the land is. fertile and well cultivated, there being but little pas- 
toral country. Dingo creek is under the control of a road board. The surrounding 
localitj' is elevated in every direction except to the E. , where it is flat ; the climate is 
extremely salubrious, and the water excellent. There is abundance of limestone, and 
good stone for building purposes. "With Wingham, the nearest township, there is 
communication by horse and dray only ; and with Sydney, 200 miles, by the same 
means, from "Wingham to Cundletown, and thence by steamer. 

DINGY CBEEK (Co. Bous) is a small creek, rising in mount Congal, and' 
flowing S. into the 1ST. arm of the Tweed river. Sandstone. 

_ DINNEY CBEEK (Co. Bligh) is a small 1ST. tributary of the Cudgegong river, 
falling into it near the Merinda gold field, Metamorphic. 

DINWAEXNDI STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Baldwin, Otto; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1600 head of cattle. Old charges, £100 ; new 
appraisement, £125. 

DIEELMABILDY STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupiers, Bucknell Brothers ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Moree, 
Charges, £31. 

DIEEXTGABAL STATION (Laddan district) ; occupier, Miller, Joseph ; area, . 
12,160 acres; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. The old charges were £38 2s. 
6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £66. 

DIEEI DIEEI STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Gardiner, J. A. ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31 lis. 

DIET HOLE CBEEK (Co. Wellington) is a small tributary of the lower end of 
the Bianbong creek, flowing through J. Bowe's 632 acres. 

Also a small auriferous tributary of the Green Valley creek, flowing N.E. in the 
N. of the Tambaroora gold field. Metamorphic. 

DIETY BUTTEB CBEEK (Go. St. Vincent) is a small auriferous creek, falling 
into the Araluen creek on its N. side, and forming part of the Araluen gold workings. 
Granite, trap rock, and metamorphic slate. 

DIETY CBEEK (Co. Fitzroy) is a small tributary of the Bedbank river.-. 
Sandstone. 

DIX02T MOUNT (Co. King) is a lofty peak of the Cullarin range, lying about S 
miles S. of Gunning, and between the Jerrawa and Lerida creeks. It attains an ele- 
vation of about 3000 feet above the level of the sea. Mica, chlorite, and talc. 

DIXSON'S (or Eusdale) CBEEK (Co. Boxburgh) is a small drainage creek, 
rising in and flowing through the parish of Eusdale in a S. direction into the Fish 
river, near Kenlis. In its course it passes through a remarkable gap in a small range 
of hills lying N. of that township. Sandstone and limestone, with clayey shale. 

DOBIE MOUNT (Co. Bichmond) is a high hill, lying about 8 miles N.W. of the 
township of Gordon, and on the E. side of the road from Grafton to Tabulam. Car- 
boniferous sandstone. 

DOBEOYD HILL (Co. Cumberland) is a lofty hill in the parish of Manly, lying 
between N. and Middle harbours, and facing the opening of port Jackson. It attains an 
altitude of 90S feet above the level of the sea, and is covered with scrub. Sandstone. 

DOBEOYD BOINT (Co. Cumberland) is a rocky promontory, forming the W. 
head, N. harbour, on the N. side of Bort Jackson. Sandstone. 

D0CT0ES NOSE (or High Beak) (Co. dire) is a lofty mountain, lying about 
4 miles W. of Tenterfield. Metamorphic slate and trap rock. 

D0GGEEL CBEEK ( Co. Gloucester) is a small E. tributary of the Williams 
river. Sandstone. 



Dog — Doo] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



183 



DOG KENNEL STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Rolfe, Joseph ; area, 
4800 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. Charges, £38 5s. 

DOGr PLAIN ( Co. Beresford) is a considerable flat on the E. bank of the Mur- 
rumbidgee river, in the S.W. corner of the county, and N. of the Goorudee rivulet 
and swamp. The surrounding country consists of high ranges, intersected by open 
forest plains. Metamorphic slate and granite. 

DOG- TRAP CREEK {Co. Wellington) is a small tributary of the head of the 
Piambong creek, rising in the ranges bordering the unsurveyed country to the W. of 
Mudgee. Metamorphic slate. 

DOG- TRAP FLAT {Co. Wynyard) is a tract of flat, swampy land, lying on 
the Macka-Macka creek, about 6 miles S.W. of the town of Adelong. There is a 
large swamp in this flat, which, in rainy seasons, expands into a lagoon, frequented by 
large numbers of waterfowl. Metamorphic slate. 

D0LM0RERE STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Tyson, Peter ; area, 
64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearast post town is Booligal. 
Charges, £60. 

DOLOR A STATION {Albert district) ; occupiers, Jamison, H. and B. ; area, 
48,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31 Is. 

DOME MOUNTAIN STATION {Clarence district) ; occupiers, Bundoch, Barnes, 
and Smith; area, 25,500 acres; grazing capability, 1500 head of cattle. Charges, £70. 

DONALD'S PLAINS BLOCK (A) {Albert district); occupier, Ferguson, Donald ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

DONALD'S PLAINS BLOCK (B) {Albert district) ; occupier, Ferguson Donald ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

DONALD'S PLAINS BLOCK (C) {Albert district) ; occupier, Ferguson, Donald ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

DONALD'S PLAINS BLOCK (D) {Albert district); occupier, Ferguson, Donald; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

DONALD'S PLAINS BLOCK (E) {Albert district) ; occupier, Ferguson, Donald; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

DONALD'S PLAINS BLOCK (F) (Albert district) ; occupier, Ferguson, 
Donald ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

DONALD'S PLAINS BLOCK (G) (Albert district) ; occupier, Ferguson, 
Donald ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

DONALD'S PLAINS BLOCK (H) {Albert district) ; occupier, Ferguson, 
Donald; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

DONALD'S PLAINS BLOCK (I) {Albert district); occupier, Ferguson, 
Donald; area, 64,000 sheep ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

DONALD'S PLAINS BLOCK (J) (Albert district) ; occupier, Ferguson, 
Donald ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

DONALD'S PLAINS BLOCK (K) (Albert district) ; occupier, Ferguson, 
Donald ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

DONALD'S PLAINS BLOCK (L) {Albert district); occupier, Ferguson, 
Donald ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

DON DORRIG-0 RIVER ( Co. Fitzroy) is the name given to the head waters of 
the Nymboi river, fed by the Wild Cattle, Allan's, Little, and Murray creeks. 
Sandstone. 

DONGDXNGrALQNGr ( Co. Dudley) is a small agricultural hamlet in the electoral 
district of the Hastings. It lies a few miles from Kempsey, on the Macleay river, 
and has a few inhabitants engaged in farming, who are included in the population of 
that place. There is a Wesleyan chapel and a non-vested National school in the 
hamlet. Sandstone and alluvial deposit. 

DOODLE STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Bradley, William; area, 5000 
acres ; grazing capabil ty, 700 head of cattle. Charges, £50. 



184 



DOODLE SWAMP (Co. Tirana) is a large lagoon, expanding into an important 
lake in wet weather, It lies to the N. of Morven, and receives the drainage of a large 
number of creeks and small watercourses. In the dry season it contracts and becomes 
a marsh, abounding with salsolaceous plants, which form excellent food for cattle. 
Schistose. 

D00L0ND00KD0 STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Green, John ; area. 
12,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £48 15s. 

D00N00 RANGE STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Cleft, Wm. 
J. J. S. and Geo. ; estimated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. The 
old charges were £35 ; the recently appraised rental is £125. 

D00NSIDE STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Kerr, Andrew ; area; 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

D00RABEEBA STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Bucknell, C. W. ; area, 
76,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Old charges, £31 ; new 
appraisements, £20. 

D00RAN STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Eyrie and Alexander ; 
area, 12,800 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£40 ; the recently appraised rental is £60. 

D00THEB0Y, N., STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Glass, Hugh ; area, 
30,720 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £30 10s. ; new appraise- 
ments, £20. 

D00THEBQY, S., STATION {Albert district); occupier, Glass, Hugh; area, 
30,720 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £30 10s. ; new appraise- 
ment, £20. 

DORA (Co. Goulburn) is a small agricultural village on the Murray river, lying to 
the E. of Albury. Granite and schist. 

DORA CREEK ( Co. Northumberland). See Mameering Creek. 

D0RADILLA STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Mackay, G. E. ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32. 

D0BA (or Tunnel) CREEK ( Co. Goulburn) is a small tributary of the Murray 
river, rising in the rough country near, and falling into the main stream at Dora. The 
geological formation is schistose, with outcropping granite and whinstone. 

DORA-DORA STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Wilson, James ; 
estimated area, 65,600 acres ; grazing capability, 1400 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £90 ; the recently appraised rental is £103. 

D0UAB0LI STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Orr, James and 
Ebmezer ; area, 30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £27. 

DOUBLE BAY ( Co. Cumberland) is a fine indentation in the S. side of port Jack- 
son, lying between point Piper on the E. , and Darling point on the W. The village 
of Double bay is a favourite place of suburban residence, and is situated in the parish 
of Alexandria, in the municipality of Woollahara, and in the police district of Sydney. 
It lies on a sloping piece of land, between the New South Head road on the S. and E., 
the waters of the bay on the N. , and the ridge along which the Darling Point road 
runs upon the W. There are several market gardens in the E. part, and to the N. lies 
the line nursery of the Messrs. Guilfoyle. These gardens, known as the Exotic nursery, 
are' situated upon a flat, chiefly of sand, at the head of Double bay, and, unless in 
seasons of excessive drought, have a stream of fresh water running through them. 
Although not the most extensive, occupying only about 34 acres, they are generally 
considered to be about the most interesting of Australian gardens. Messrs. Guilfoyle's 
nursery is essentially a nurseryman's garden. It has no pretention to landscape beauty 
nor artistic decoration, but every foot, nay, every inch of it is appropriated to its useful 
destiny. Plants from all parts of the globe are there thriving, either through the 
medium of artificial heat under glass, or through suitable aspect in the outer grounds. 
But, what seems first to catch the eye is the singularly fine collection of palms and 
ferns : the date, from Asia, the nicka of New Zealand, the cocoa nuts of Brazil and 
the East Indies, the bangalon and cabbage palms of Illawarra, the lofty and beautiful 
tree ferns of Norfolk island, together with numerous fruits of great variety — a glance 



Dou] 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



185 



at which, and at the large bed of Indian azaleas, one might almost imagine himself in 
the very midst of the tropics. The green-house, one of the largest in the colony, is 
densely crowded with rare and beautiful plants, many of which are variegated, in- 
cluding a very great many of the novelties from the South Sea islands. But, perhaps, 
the most important feature of the nursery is that part of it which is termed the inner 
nursery, nearly two-thirds of an acre covered with plants in pots, amongst which may 
be seen the tea tree of China, the coffee tree of Arabia, the cinnamon of Ceylon, pines, 
camellias, roses, trailers, &c. , arranged in neat order, with numerous walks between 
them, and over which, at a considerable height, are supported vines and climbers of 
various sorts, to afford shelter to the dwarf and tender, though dense forest beneath 
them. Trees and shrubs of all kinds, and from every clime, have a local habita- 
tion and a name ; but, amidst the elaborate details of cultivation, and the rich luxu- 
riance arising from it, the wonder is, that order can be maintained with so much pre- 
cision in that thickly-habited conservatory. Double bay lies about 3 miles from the 
Obelisk in Sydney, the communication with the metropolis being by busses, which 
run every half hour during the day. There are 2 hotels on the road adjoining the 
village, the Bayswater (Edmond's) and the Richmond ( Ridley's). Double bay has a 
post-office and a denominational school. The surrounding district is rocky, rugged, 
and scrubby, although in a valley to the S.E. of the village, running back in a line 
with the Edgecliff road, and on its E. side is a tract of fine alluvial and rather swampy 
land, highly cultivated as market gardens, and watered by a small creek, draining from 
the high lands of Waverley. The geological formation is chiefly sandstone, good for 
building purposes. The population numbers about 230 persons. 

DOUBLE CHANNEL FALLS (Co. Clarence). See Rocky Falls. 

DOUBLE CREEK STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Tooth, Robert ; 
area, 2000 acres ; grazing capability, 100 head of cattle. Charges, £10. 

D0UBLEDUKE MOUNT (Cos. Clarence and Richmond) is a lofty isolated 
mountain, which stands on the dividing line between the two counties, and attains 
a considerable elevation, being remarkable at a considerable distance out at sea. The 
Tabinoble creek rises in the N.E. slope of this mountain, and flows nearly all round 
it. Carbonaceous sandstone. 

D0UBLEDUKE STATION (Clarence district) ; occupiers, executors of Clark 
Irving; area, 10,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £40. 

DOUGHBOY CREEK (Co. Gresham) is a small E. tributary of the Nymboi 
river. Sandstone. 

DOUGrHBOY HOLLOW (Co. Buckland) is the name applied to a grassy flat, 
lying between two hills, on the N. road. It is situated in the Liverpool range, 5 
miles from Murrurundi, and is well known as a camping place for teams. There is a 
village reserve on the spot. Sandstone and slate. 

DOUGHBOY HOLLOW CREEK (Co. BucMand) is a small tributary of Chil- 
cott's creek, rising in the W. slope of the Australian Alps, and. flowing N.N.W. 
through the village of Doughboy hollow. Upper and middle palaeozoic. 

DOUGHBOY HOLLOW STATION (Liverpool plains district) • occupier, Loder, 
Andrew; area, 25,600 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £45. 

DOUGHBOY SWAMP (Co. Dudley) is a tract of marshy land, lying at the head 
of the Clybucca creek, a tributary of the Macleay river, near its mouth. Sandstone, 
with fluviatile deposit. 

DOUGLAS CREEK (Co. Harden) is a tributary of the head of the Spring 
creek, in the parish of Nurring. It flows through good agricultural land, dividing 
the 308-acre from the 670-acre lots of M. Murphy. Metamorphic slate and limestone. 

DOUGLAS STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Wellman, John C. ; area, 
38,400 acres ; grazing capability, 7000 sheep. Old charges, £40 ; the new appraise- 
ment is £70. 

DOUGLASS PARK ( Co. Camden) is a small postal village, lying 44 miles from 
Sydney, on the S. road. 

DOULAYUNALLA (Co. Bllgh) is a village reserve, on the Talbragar river, 
lying 8 miles N.W. of Cassilis. Slate and shale. 



186 The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Dov— Dri 



DOVEDALE {Go. Raleigh) is the name of a homestead on the Bellenger river,, 
where the post office for the district is conducted. It lies in the midst of an 
agricultural and cedar-cutting district, about 55 miles N. of Frederickton and 
Kempsey, and 70 miles S. of Grafton ; there being communication along the beach 
line of road by horse or dray only. With Sydney, 250 miles S. , the communication 
is by the small sailing vessels that trade to the Bellenger river. The surrounding, 
country is mountainous, and the immediate district has a population of about 250 
persons, mostly free selectors. 

DOWLING is a county in the pastoral district of Lachlan, the boundaries of 
which are open to modification. 

DOWLING is a police district, embracing part of the county of St. Vincent ; 
and bounded on the N., on the E., and N.W., from the sea at cape George, by the- 
spur range, and the range forming the S. watershed of Jervis or Currambene creek, 
and Palmer's creek, N. E. , to the head of Yerrirong creek ; thence by the range 
dividing the waters falling to the Shoalhaven river from those falling to Yalyal and 
Ettrema creeks, W. and N., to the confluence of Ettrema creek with the Shoalhaven 
river ; thence by the range forming the W. watershed of Ettrema creek, S.W., to the 
head of Bourimbadal creek, thence by a line, S.W., to the confluence of Nerrimungo 
creek with the Shoalhaven river ; on the W. by that river, upwards, to the confluence 
of the Endrick river ; on the S. W. by the range forming the N. watershed of that 
river, the range dividing the Shoalhaven and coast waters, the Pigeon house range, 
and the range dividing the Clyde river and coast water, S. , to the Duras water, and 
by the Duras water to the sea, about 2 miles S. of point Upright ; and on the E. by 
the sea, N. , to cape George, aforesaid. The place of petty sessions is Ulladulla. 

DOWLING RANGE {Co. Northumberland) is a range of low, scrubby hills, 
forming part of the Hunter range, along which the great North road passes during 
part of its course. It lies between Snodgrass valley on the S., and McDonald's flat 
on the N., extending a distance of about 16 miles. The principal peaks are mounts 
McQuoid, Manning, and Lockyer. The crossing over the Hawkesbury, Wiseman's 
ferry, lies about 15 miles S, of its S. extremity, and Wollombi township about 9 miles 
N. of its N. end. The range is timbered with gum, iron and stringy bark, and 
honeysucle, and thickly scrubbed. Sandstone. 

DOYLE'S CREEK {Go. Hunter) is a W. tributary of the Hunter river. Sand- 
stone and alluvial deposit. 

DRAGGY, E., STATION {Wellington district) • occupier, McPhillamy, John ;. 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £32 10s. 

DRAGGY STATION ( Wellington district) • occupier, McPhillamy, John ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £32 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £50. 

DRAGON'S INN SWAMP {Co. Welle -sky) is a marshy flat, lying to the N. of 
the township of Cathcart, and draining by a small watercourse through the township 
reserve into Badgory's swamp. Upper volcanic, with fluviatile drift. 

DRAKE {Go. Drake). See Timbarra. 

DRAKE is a county in the pastoral districts of New England and Clarence. It 
contains 10,420 acres of alienated land, and 741,580 acres unalienated. The 
present boundaries, however, are open to modification. 

DRAMTJNYI STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Drynan, P. ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

DRAW AY CREEK {Go. Gordon) is a small tributary of the Little river, 
flowing into it 1 mile N. of the village of Obley through good pastoral country. 
Sandstone and schist. 

DRILLD00L STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Dangar, William,, 
area, 22,400 acres; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £140. 

DRIPPING ROCK STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Lloyd,. 
Charles William ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 
DR0LD0MAN CREEK {Co. Mitchell). See Brongong Creek. 



Dro — Dub] The New Soutlt Wales Gazetteer. 



187 



DROMEDARY (or Coluga) MOUNT, 36° 19' S. lat. (Co. Bampier), is a 
lofty solitary double mountain, lying in the wide grassy pastoral plains to the S. of 
the Tuross river, and on the E. side of the road from Bega to Moruya, between 
which places it lies midway, or distant about 20 miles from each. The mountain lies 
about 4 miles inland, and is covered with dwarf timber and dense scrub, and is a 
prominent landmark, both for the surrounding country and also for vessels at sea, 
where it can be distinguished at a distance of 20 leagues, being known by its shape, 
which, from the two humps on its summit, is supposed to resemble that of the back 
of a dromedary, whence the name, which was conferred upon it by Captain Cook. 
Trap rock. 

DRUMDELANG STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Perberdy, Wm. ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

DRUMMOND MOUNT (Co. Hardinge) is a lofty solitary peak, lying on the 
N. side of the road from Armidale to Cobbadale, near the head of Middle creek, and 
about 30 miles E. of the latter township. The surrounding district is one of the 
most flourishing pastoral ones in Australia. Granite and trap rock. 

DRUNGALEE ( Co. Gregory) is a proclaimed township, lying 327 miles W. of 
Sydney. The nearest post town is Cannonbar. Pliocene tertiary. 

DRY CREEK (Co. King) is a small watercourse leading into Blakeney's creek 
from the S. It is, as its name imports, generally nearly or totally dry. Slate and 
limestone. 

DRY CREEK (Co. Roxburgh). See Two-mile Creek. 

DRY FOREST STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Crosse, George 
R. and H. B. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Albury. The old charges were ,£25 15s. ; the recently appraised rental 
is £34 10s. 

DRY LAGOON (Co. Argyle) is a small lagoon, lying to the S. of the third 
Bredalbane plains. The land surrounding it is cut up into small allotments. Meta- 
morphic shale. 

DRY PLAIN {Co. Wallace) is a tract of flat country, lying on the S. bank of 
the head of the Murrumbidgee river, a few miles S.E. of Bolaira. It consists of 
open forest land. The geological formation is granite, schist, and quartz, with vast 
outbreaks and overflows of basalt. 

DRY PLAIN STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Graham, William ; area, 
20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. Charges, £97 10s. 

DRY PLAINS STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Brodribb, W. A. ; 
area, 48,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £37 10s. 

DRY RIVER {Co. Dampier) is a tolerably large stream, which rises in the 
rugged and scrubby country between the Tuross and Brogo rivers. It flows about 
20 miles in an E. direction, into the sea at Jerimbul, about 20 miles N.E. of the 
township of Bega. Trap rock. 

DRY RIVER STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Duggan, W. Tarlington ; 
area, 12,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £22. 

DUBBO, 32° 21' S. lat., 148° 39' E. long. {Co. Lincoln), is a postal township, 
in the parish of Dubbo, electoral district of the Bogan, and police district of Dubbo. 
It is situated on the Macquarie river, 226 miles N.W. from Sydney, on the main 
line of road, via Bathurst or Mudgee, to Bourke. The Little river flows 12 miles 
above, and the Talbragar river 5 miles below, the township. The district is almost solely 
a pastoral one, there being but very little agriculture carried on, and that little in 
close proximity to the town. There is a flour mill, just erected, but no other mills 
or manufactories. Wellington lies S. E. by S. , 30 miles distant, on the main road to 
Sydney; Mudgee, S.E. by E., 76 miles; Warren, 70 miles, N.W. ; and Obley, 40 
miles, S. Coaches run twice a week to Wellington and Warren ; with the other 
places the communication is by horse or dray, and with Sydney by coach via 
Wellington to Penrith, and thence by rail. Dubbo has a post and money order 
office, a telegraph office, and a court of petty sessions ; also branches of the Com- 
mercial and City banks, and of the Sydney, Northern, and Australian Mutual 



188 



The Xew South Wales Gazetteer. [Dub — Due 



Insurance companies. There is a newspaper lately established in the township, the 
Dubbo Di spatch. It is intended shortly to construct a bridge over the Talbragar river, 
a work which will be of great convenience to the district. The hotels are, the 
Macquarie (Browning's), Royal (Yoe's), Stockman's Arms (Fanning's), and Com- 
mercial (McLean's), and there is a booking office for the Sydney coaches, and for 
conveyance to Bourke via Cannonbar. The country surrounding Dubbo is generally 
Hat, with light ridges, well grassed, but indifferently watered, and covered with 
open forest of gum, box, pine, and ironbark. The population numbers about 400 
persons. 

Dubbo is a police district, embracing parts of the pastoral districts of Wellington 
and Bligh, and bounded on the E. and S. by the W. boundary of the county of Bligh, 
from the crossing of the road from Mendooran to Talbragar over that boundary, S., to 
within 10 miles of the town of Wellington ; thence by the boundary of the settled 
districts, W. , being a curved hue including all lands within 10 miles from any point 
of the outward limits of the town of Wellington, to the nearest point of the Little 
river ; thence by a Hue, W. , to that river ; and thence by that river, upwards, to J. 
Ireland's station, Obella ; thence by a line, S.W., to W. Lee's station, Ginanigi, on 
the Bogan river ; thence on the S.W. by theBogan river, downwards to the boundary 
dividing Boree-Bogan, and Lower Mudall W. runs, on that river, in the pastoral 
district of Wellington ; thence on the N.W, by that boundary, S.W, and the S.E. 
boundaries of Hermitage plains X, Al, Melville Barinda, and Wicklow block H runs, 
S.W., and the S.W. boundary of the latter run, N.W., to the boundary dividing the 
pastoral districts of Wellington and Lachlan ; on the W. , by that boundary, N. , to 
the N.W. corner of the pastoral district of Wellington ; thence on the NAY. and N. 
by that boundary, N.E., to Marra creek, and (crossing that creek) thence by the X. 
boundaries of Coper and Willie runs, E. , to the Macquarie river ; thence by a line 
bearing E, to a point distant about 5 miles W. from Martaguy creek ; thence by the 
back boundaries of the runs fronting to the W. side of Martaguy creek, N. (including 
those runs), to the N.W. corner of Quilbone run, and by the N. boundary of that run 
to Martaguy creek ; thence crossing that creek by a line, E. , to the W. corner of 
East Gungalma run, Messrs. Ford and Mylecharane's ; thence by the N.W. boundaries 
of that run and Cungalma run (W. Blackman's), crossing Nedgera creek at the Gun- 
galma waterhole, N.E., to Moulnia creek ; thence by that creek to the Castlereagh 
river : and on the N.E. by that river, tip wards, to a point 3 miles above the confluence 
of Merry goen creek with that river, at the N. E. corner of reserve from lease, No. 4, 
notified 2nd August, 1855 ; thence by the E. boundary of that reserve, S., to Merry- 
goen creek, and by that creek, upwards, to the crossing of the road from Mendooran to 
Talbragar; thence by that road, S.E., to the W. boundary of the county of Bligh, 
aforesaid. The places of petty sessions are Dubbo and Cannonbar. 

DUBBO STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Brown, Alexander; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. The nearest post town is Dubbo. The old 
charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £45. 

DUCK CREEK (Co. Cumberland) is a S. tributary of the Parramatta river, falling 
into it between Homebush and Parramatta. Sandstone. 

DUCK CREEK (Co. &rego, Bligh district) is an E. tributary of the Bogan river, 
rising in the plains between that and the Macquarie river. It flows N. W. about 65 
miles, through flat scrubby country, mostly taken up for pastoral purposes. The 
township of Cannonbar is situated on its banks. The ^ geological formation of the 
country through which it flows is pliocene tertiary over lower palaeozoic. 

DUCK CREEK (Co. Rous) is a small N. tributary of the estuary of the Richmond 
river, falling into it a few miles from its mouth. Sandstone and shale. 

DUCK CREEK STATION {Wellington district); occupier, M'Culloch, AH.; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Cannonbar. Charges, £31. 

DUCK CREEK, No. 12 STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Gardiner, J. A. ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Cannon- 
bar. Charges, £51 lis. 

DUCK CREEK, No. 16 STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Morehead and 
Young ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post 
town is Cannonbar. Charges, £51 lis. 



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The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



189 



DUCK CREEK, No. 17 STATION (Wellington district) ; occupier, M'Cullock. A. 
H. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town 
is Cannonbar. Charges, £70. 

DUDAL COOMA STATION (Murrumbidgee district); occupier, Eeighlan, Thomas 
and John ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability. (540 head of cattle. Old charges, 
£33 ; new appraisement, £62 10s. 

DUDLEY is a county in the pastoral district of Macleay. It contains 12,298 
acres of alienated land, and 964, 702 acres unalienated. Its present boundaries, how- 
ever, are open to modification. 

DUFF'S PASS [Co. Hunter) is a crossing place over Doyle's creek, on a bush 
track from Singleton to the neighbourhood of Dabee. Sandstone and shale. 

DUGrGEM'S STATION (Lachlan district); occupiers, Tertius, J., and West, 
M. and J.; area, 12,800 acres ; grazing capability, S00 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £50 ; the recently appraised rental is £65. 

DUGUID'8 HILL (Co. Northumberland) is a hi 1 ! on the great Xorthern railway 
line, about 2 miles S.W. of Lochia var. Sandstone. 

DULADHULAHDERRY STATION {Lachlan district); occupier, Devlin, 
James, jun. ; area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Charges, £31. 

DULGIGTN CREEK (Co. Richmond) is a small E. tributary of the head of the 
Clarence river, flowing through scrubby pastoral country. Sandstone. 

DULHUNTY'S CREEK (Co. Roxburgh) is a small tributary of the Williwa 
creek, flowing through R. V. Dulhunty's 2000 acres at Cullen Bullen, into the Williwa 
creek. Sandstone and slate, with occasional limestone and outcropping cpiartz ridges. 

DULHUNTY, BACK RUN, STATION {Wellington district) - occupier, Pin- 
nock, George; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £51. 

DULHUNTY UPPER STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Goodall, 
Youl, and Parker Brothers ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. 
Charges, £30. 

DUMARESQ CREEK [Co. Sandon) is a W. tributary of the Tilbuster ponds, 
rising in mount Duval, and flowing S. E. through the town of Armidale into the main 
stream. This creek is slightly auriferous. Homblendic granite. 

DUMARESQ RIVER (Cos. Arawatta and Clive, New England district) is a 
noble stream, which has its rise in the colony of Queensland, but which, for a distance 
of about 100 miles along a tortuous course, forms the division between that colony on 
the N. and New South Wales on the S. It first strikes the 2s" ew South Wales border 
near its junction with the Tenterfield creek, about 29 3 6' S. lat., 151° 32' E. long, at 
Ekin's flat, and flows through fine undulating pastoral country, with much land suitable 
for culture, until it falls into the Macintyre river, about half way between Bengalla 
and Boggabilla, in about 28" 40' S. lat. , 150' 30' E. long. This river is fed on = the 
New South Wales side by the Mole river and the Tenterfield creek. The geological 
formation is lower palaeozoic with alluvial deposit. 

DUMMY'S CREEK (Co. Bathurst) is a small tributary of Coombing creek, 
draining Brigem's swamp, in the parish of Three Brothers. Sandstone with alluvial 
deposit. 

DUNCAN'S CREEK (Co. Parry) is a small auriferous tributary of the Peel 
river, joiniug it at Bowling Alley Point diggings. Trap and basalt, with quartz and 
granite. 

DUNDEE (Co. Cough). See Seveen. 

DUNDEE STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Bloxsome, Oswald ; 
area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Severn 
or Dundee. The old charges were £100 ; the recently appraised rental is £175. 

DUNDELL0 CREEK Co. PoUmger) is an E. tributary of the Turrabeile creek, 
watering the rich pastoral country known as Bowen plain. Deep alluvial mould over- 
lying basalt. 

DUNDERALAG0 CREEK (Co. Harden) is a stream at the head of the Dlalong 
creek, rising in Murray's Big hill. MetamorpMc slate, 



190 TJie Neiv South Wales Gazetteer. [Dux 



DUNDERALIGO STATION (Lacklan district) • occupiers, Allinan and Mur- 
ray ; area, 12,S00 acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. The old charges were 
±'•'-{8 2s. 6d; the recently appraised rental is £70. 

DUND00 CREEK (Co. Clarence) is a small tributary of the head of the Orara 
river, fed by the Halfway creek. Sandstone. 

DUND00 STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Moulder, Joseph ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Condobolin 
Charges £32 10s.. 

DUNDULLAMAL STATION ( Wellington district) • occupiers, Brocklehust, W. 
W. and E. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were 
£40 ; the recently appraised rental is £45. 

DUN-DOT CREEK (Co. Wellington) is a small tributary of the Waurdong 
creek, in the Louisa creek gold field. It is crossed by the road from Tambaroora to 
Hargrave, there being an inn at the crossing place. Metamorphic. 

DUNDUNDERA STATION {Monaro district); occupier, Nicholson, John; 
area, 7680 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

DUNGALIER STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Rourke, Henry ; area, 
44,300 acres; grazing capability, 1120 head of cattle. Old charges, £70; new ap- 
praisement, £127 10s. 

DUNGALIER, BLOCK BACK, No. 2 STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, 
Rourke, Henry; area, 31,360 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£30 10s. 

DUNGALIER, BACK, No. 3 STATION ( Warrego district) ■ occupier, Rourke, 
Henry ; area, 29,200 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 15s. 

DUNGALIER, BACK, No. 4 STATION [Warrego district) ; Rourke, Henry; 
area, 32,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 15s. 

DUNGARABBEE CREEK (Co. Rous) is a N. tributary of the lower end of 
the Richmond river, falling into it 6 miles S.W. of Wardell. Sandstone. 

DUNGEE STATION (Macleay district) ; occupiers, Salway, Wauch and 
Wauch ; area, 11,520 acres ; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. Charges, £10. 

DUNGEON CREEK (Co. Bathurst), is a small N. tributary of the Princess 
Charlotte vale creek, flowing in the parish of Cole. Sandstone. 

DUNGEREE (Co. Phillip) is a small hamlet on the head of Lawson's creek, 
and on the road from Dabee to Mudgee. Sandstone and trap rock. 

DUNGEREE CREEK (Co. Phillip) is a small S. tributary of Lawson's creek, 
flowing into it at Dungaree. Ferruginous sandstone and conglomerate. 

DUNGLEMAH MOUNT (Co. Inglis) is a double peaked hill, lying on the E. 
side of the road from Tamworth to Bendemeer, about 3 miles S. of the latter place. 
The name of the smaller peak is Bullimballa. Granite. 

DUNGOG, 32° 28' S. lat., 151° 45' E. long. (Co. Durham), is a postal and road 
board township in the parish of Dungog, and electoral district of the Williams. It 
is situated on the W. bank of the Williams river, about 15 miles above the head of 
the navigation on that river, which extends to Clarence town. Pilcher's mountain, 
noted for several caverns, and a landmark in the neighbourhood, is 6 miles N.W., and 
mount Coorei 1 mile E. Dungog is in an agricultural district, and contains 2 flour 
mills (1 driven by steam, and 1 by water), 2 tanneries, and 2 tobacco manufactories, 
the cultivation of that article of produce having been extensively gone into of late in 
the neighbourhood. The chief produce of the district is, however, cereals, very fine 
wheat, barley, and maize being grown in great abundance, and large quantities of hay 
being sent down to the Sydney market. There are branches of the European, Sydney, 
Northern, and Australian Mutual Provident insurance companies in the township. 
The nearest places are Bandon grove, 9 miles N., and Clarence town, 16 miles S. 
With these places the communication is by horse and dray, and with Sydney, 124 
miles S.E., by mail coach thrice a week to Maitland, thence by rail to Newcastle, and 
thence by steamer, and from Clarence town twice a week hy steamer. Dungog has a 
post and money order office, a court house, where the petty sessions and district 



Dun] 



191 



courts are held, a police station, and a mutual improvement society's meeting room. 
It has also a racecourse, where good races are got up, there being many excellent 
horses bred in the district. The hotels are the Royal and Durham, and the Williams' 
River and Settlers' Arms Inns. The surrounding country is mountainous, the town- 
ship having been built on 5 ridges of thinly timbered hills ; the soil is rich, and the 
scenery generally of the most beautiful nature, the site of the town having been most 
judiciously chosen, both for water supply, which is plentiful and good from the river, 
.and for purity and salubrity of atmosphere. The summits of the mountains in the 
neighbourhood are generally barren, but the valleys are exceedingly fertile, and culti- 
vated by a large body of thriving farmers. The geological formation of the country 
is chiefly ferruginous sandstone and limestone. There is a population numbering 
about 500 persons, and schools and churches have been erected suitable for their 
religious and. educational requirements. 

Dungog is a police district, embracing a N.E. portion of the county of 
Durham, and a S.W. portion of the county of Gloucester ; and bounded 
job. the N., from the head of the Karuah river, by the range dividing the 
waters of the Williams' river from those of the Manning, river ; on the 
W. by the range dividing the waters of the Allyn and Paterson rivers from 
those of the Williams' river, to the S. boundary of Hugh Torren's 2000 acres ; 
on the S. by that boundary to the point where it is intersected by the N. continuation 
of the E. boundary line of Thomas Bartie's 2560 acres ; thence by that continuation to 
the S.W. corner of W. H. Holmes' 320 acres ; thence by the S. boundaries of that 
land and D. C. Orpen's 320 acres, the N. boundary of A. Fisher's 1500 acres, its E. 
continuation and the S. boundary of Whitmore's 100 acres to the Williams' river ; 
thence by that river, upward, and the S. and E. boundaries of Lowe and Marshall's 
640 acres, to the road from Clarence town to Sawyer's point ; and by that road to the 
range dividing the waters of the Karuah river from those of the Williams' river ; and 
on the E. by that range to the range at the head of the Karuah river, aforesaid. The 
places of petty sessions are Dungog and Clarence town. 

DUNG0WAN (Co. Parry). See Bowling Alley Point. 

DUNGrOWAN CREEK (Co. Parry). See Ogunbil Creek. 

DUNG0WAN STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Cadell, J. J. ; 
area, 37,000 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. Charges, £130. 

DUNKELD ( Co. Bathurst) is a small village in the parish of Dunkeld, electoral 
district of W. Macquarie, and police district of Bathurst, lying about 3 miles N. of 
Evans' plains, the nearest post office. It has 1 hotel (Ralfe's). Sandstone and 
schist. 

DUNL0P, N.W., STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Bloxham, H. D. ■ area, 
67,200 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle and 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Bourke. Charges, £30. 

DUNL0P, OUTER N.W., STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Macintosh, 
. John ; area, 96,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Bourke. Charges, £30. 

DUNL0P, OUTER N.W., No. 3 (Albert district) ; occupier, Bloxham, Edward 
J ohn ; area, 64, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Bourke. Charges, £30. 

DUNL0P, S.W., STATION (Albert district); occupier, Bloxham, Henry D. ; 
area, 67,200 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle and 4000 < sheep. The 
nearest post town is Bourke. Charges, £30. 

DUNL0P, OUTER S.W., STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Macintosh, 
John ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing Capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Bourke. Charges, £30. 

DUNLOP'S RANGE, BACK STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Ligar, H. 
W. ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Bourke. Charges, £30. 

DUNLOP'S RANGE, BACK OF BACK STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, 
Ligar, H. W. ; area, 32,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Bourke. Charges, £30. 



192 The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Dun — Dur 



DUNLOP'S RANGE, LOWER STATION" ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Filson, 
F. ; area, 37,120 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Bourke. Charges, £127. 

DUNLOP'S RANGE, UPPER STATION ( Warrego district) • occupier, uncer- 
tain ; area, 43, 200 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Bourke. Charges, uncertain. 

DUNL0P, S.W., BACK R., No. 3 {Albert district) ; occupier, Macintosh, John ; 
area, 46,200 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Bourke. 
Charges, £31 Is. 

DUNLOP'S RANGE (Co. Cowper) is a group of lonely flat topped hills, on the 
E. bank of the Darling river, lying about 60 miles S.W. of Bourke. Sandstone. 
DUNN'S PLAINS (Co Bathurst). See Merambella. 

DUNNYKYNINE STATION (BUgh district) ■ occupier, Stephenson, John ; 
estimated area, 5000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were 
£30 ; the recently appraised rental is £15. 

DUNOON STATION (Albert district); occupier, Smith, Joseph; area, 50,000 acres - r 
grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. Charges, £32. 

DUNWALDERDI STATION (Liverpool ^tos district) • occupier, Loder, 
George ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges £30. 

DUNWAEIAN STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, M 'Donald, 
Robert ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £32 10s. 

DURAL ( Co. Cumberland) is a postal village, in the parish of Dural, electoral 
district of the Hawkesbury, and police district of Windsor. It is situated near 
Marsden's and Tunks's creeks, the former flowing in the W. , and the latter in the S. , 
and on the main road from Parramatta to Wiseman's ferry, over the Hawkesbury 
river, and to Maitland. The district is an agricultural one, the principal industry 
being the cultivation of fruit and garden produce, the soil being admirably adapted 
for vineyards, orangeries, and orchards, which are numerous and productive. The 
town of Parramatta lies S. E. 14 miles, the communication being by horse and private 
conveyance. That with Sydney, 29 miles S.E., is by rail from Parramatta, or from 
Windsor, about 10 miles W.N.W., by a cross road. There are no hotels in the vil- 
lage, which is under the control of a local road board. The surrounding country is 
hilly and undulating. The population numbers about 180 persons, scattered over the 
small farms in the neighbourhood. 

DUSAL STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Comerford and Kealey ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £26. 

DUEAMANA CREEK {Co. Roxburgh) is a small W. tributary of the Winburn- 
dale rivulet, flowing through good agricultural land, cut up into small farms, and 
taken up by settlers, lying to the N. W. of the township of Peel. Upper and middle 
palaeozoic. 

DUEAMBANGr MOUNT (Co. Phillip) is a high peak of the Blue Mountain 
range, lying in the S.E. corner of the county, and at the head of the Gungudby creek. 
Sandstone. 

DURBAN'S GROUP {Co. Cov)per) is a fine range of hills, of sandstone formation, 
8 or 9 miles in length, covered with excellent grass, but having no water. It lies on 
the E. bank of the Darling river, about 20 miles S. of Fort Bourke. 

DURHAM is a county, bounded on the E. by the Williams' river to its source, 
and thence by the Mount Royal range to the head of one of the branches of the river 
Hunter, in lat. 31° 46', and by that river on the W. and S. to the junction of the 
Williams' river above mentioned. It is 60 miles in length from N. to S., and 50 
miles in width from E. toW., and contains 2117 square miles, or 1,354,880 square 
acres. It contains 29,453 acres of unsold church and school land. The number of 
freehold landholders in this county is 535, and of leaseholders 646. The extent of 
land in cultivation is 21,487! acres : under wheat there are 5052 acres ; under maize, 
9240^ acres ; under barley, 512| acres; under oats, 194^ acres ; under tobacco, 4454 
acres ; and under vine, 171 acres. 



Dur — Eas] 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



193 



DUE-OB Y CREEK {Co. Rous) is a small drainage creek flowing into lake New- 
rangy on the W. side. Sandy drift. 

DUROWBLE STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Strahorne, John ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

DURBAN DURRA CREEK (Co. St. Vincent) is a small E. tributary of the 
Shoalhaven river, rising to N. of Braidwood, and flowing about 12 miles into the main 
stream near Larbert. Granite and limestone. 

DURIDGEREE {Co. Phillip) is a village reserve, on the Goulburn river, 14 
miles S. of Cassilis. Sandstone and schist. 

DURY STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Eales, John ; area, 39,680 
acres, grazing capability, 9000 sheep. Charges, £90. 

DUTJ0HN STATION {Murrumbidgee district); occupiers, Griffiths, Thomas ; 
estimated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were 
£40 ; the recently appraised rental is £55. 

DUVAL'S MOUNTAIN {Co. Sandon) is a partially detached peak, spurring 
from the main dividing range, in the parish of Duval, and about 8 miles N. of the 
township of Armidale. It attains an altitude of 4174 feet above sea level. Horn- 
blendic granite, in boulders. 

DYKE RIVER (Co. Dudley) is a N. tributary of the Macleay river. Sandstone 
and limestone. 

DYRAABA STATION {Clarence district) ; occupiers, Bundock, Barnes, and 
Smith ; area, 19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 10,000 sheep. Old charges, £100 ; new 
appraisements, £90. 

DYRING ( Co. Durham) is a peak of the Mount Royal range, lying on the E. 
bank of the Fal brook, and about 10 miles S.W. of Lostock. It attains an elevation of 
3000 feet above sea level, and is composed chiefly of ferruginous sandstone. 

DAGLE-BEAGLE CREEK {Co. Wellington) is a small auriferous tributary of 
the Cudgegong creek, falling into it about 2 miles below Burrendong. Metamorphic 
slate. 

EAGLET0N {Co. Durham) is a small agricultural settlement, lying near the 
township of Raymond terrace. Sandstone. 

EAST BLAND PLAINS STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Chisholm, 
James ; area, 17,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £150. 

EAST BLUFF {Co. Buclcland) is a sharp peak of the Liverpool range, lying to 
the W. of mount Mooan. Trap rock and granite. 

EAST BRANCH RIVER (or Creek) ( Co. Selwjn). The E. branch is one 
of the two heads or sources of the Murray river. It has its rise in the N. of a W. spur 
of the Australian Alps, which diverges at mount Kosciusko, and flows in a N.N.W. 
direction along a tortuous course for about 25 miles, joining the main stream near 
mount Indi, which stands betwixt the two. The E. branch runs through a rugged 
and diversified country, the scenery being bold and romantic in the extreme. It is 
fed by numerous small creeks, and is subject to floods from the melting of snow on 
the ranges amidst which it flows. Its principal tributaries are the Kancobin and the 
Swampy Plain creeks from the E. , and the Youngal creek from the W. The course 
of the E. branch is well timbered and grassed, and the geological formation is 
metamorphic, consisting of mica, chlorite, and talc, with granite at its lower end. 

EAST CREEK {Co. Drake) is a smaU E. tributary of the Timbarra rivulet, 
flowing through rugged pastoral country. Sandstone. 

EAST CUMBLE STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Bundle, J. 
B. ; area, 19,840 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 5s. 

EASTERN BROOK {Co. Bligh) is a tributary of the head of the Munmurrah 
creek. Sandstone and shale. 

EASTERN CREEK {Co. Cumberland) is a fine stream, rising near Smithfield, 
and flowing N.W. through Blacktown and Rooty hill into the South creek, near 
o 



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[Eas— Ede 



Windsor. It waters fine agricultural country, taken up by small settlers, and is fed 
by the Breakfast creek. Sandstone and shale. 

EASTERN CREEK (Co. Cumberland.) See Hebersham. 

EAST KEMPSEY (Co. Dudley). See Kempsey. 

EAST MACaUARIE ELECTORATE. See Macquarie East. 

EAST MANNA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Jones, Edward ; area, 
30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Charges, £34. 

EAST MAITLAND (Co. .Northumberland). See Maitland East. 

EAST PERI STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, Smith and Reid ; area, 
28,800 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £20. 

EAST SYDNEY ELECTORATE. See Sydney East. 

EASTERN TARC00LA STATION (Darling district) ; occupiers, Phelps and 
Lackey ; area, 61,440 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £130. 

EAST THILUNGARIN STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Palmer, 
Murphy, and Henty ; area, 57,600 acres ; grazing capability, 10,000 sheep. Charges, 
£40. 

i EAT0, E., STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Rundle, J. B. ; 
estimated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £24 ; the recently appraised rental is £12 10s. 

EAT0, W., STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Rundle, J. B. ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £24. 

EBENEZER, 33° 32' S. lat., 150° 54' E. long (Co. Cook), is the name of a Pres. 
byterian church and burial ground, parish unnamed, in the electoral district of the 
Hawkesbury, and police district of Windsor, situated in an agricultural district, on 
the W. bank of the Hawkesbury river, 41 miles by post route, and 28| miles in a 
direct line N. W. from Sydney. It is the name of the post office for the neighbour- 
hood, which consists of numerous agricultural farms, taken up by small settlers. The 
nearest places are Wilberf orce, distant 3 miles S. W. ; and Pitt town, 4 miles S. ; with 
which places there is communication by horse and dray. With Sydney, 41 miles S.E., 
the communication is by horse or dray to Windsor, 7 miles distant ; and thence by rail- 
way. The postal district of Ebenezer is under the control of the Windsor road board. 
The surrounding country is undulating, and well cultivated, much of it being also 
taken up for pasturage. The geological formation is ferruginous sandstone. The 
population of Ebenezer proper is only 7 persons, and that of the neighbourhood is 
scattered over the numerous farms of the district. 

ECCLEST0N, 32° 17' S., lat 151° 35' E. long. (Co. Durham), is a postal town- 
ship in the parish of Avenel, and electoral and police districts of the Paterson. It is 
situated on the E. bank of the Allyn river, 10 miles W. from the Williams' river, and 
6 miles E. from the Paterson river. It has 2 tobacco manufactories, the growth 
of that article of produce having of late attracted considerable attention in the dis- 
trict, which is chiefly an agricultural one, with some good pastoral country. The 
nearest places are, Lewinsbrook, 9 miles S. ; Lostock, 6 miles W. ; and Bandon grove, 
12 miles E. , the only means of communication with these places being on horseback. 
With Sydney, 138 miles S.E., the communication is from Lewinsbrook to Gresford and 
Paterson, on horseback, thence by mail cart to Maitland, thence by rail to Newcastle, 
and thence by steamer. Eccleston is under the control of the district council and 
road board of Paterson. The surrounding country is mountainous, cultivation, chiefly 
that of grain, being carried on upon the flats on the river banks. The population 
numbers about 180 persons. 

ECKERB00N, E., STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Fletcher, G. B.; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

ECKERB00N STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Hogg, James Edward; 
area, 128,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

ECLIPSE BLUFF ( Co. Cumberland) is a bold headland on the rocky and pre- 
cipitous coast lying about 3| miles S. of the entrance to Port Jackson. Sandstone. 

EDEN, 37° 4' 30" S. lat., 149° 55' 30" E. long. (Co. Auckland), is a postal and 



Ede — Em] 



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195 



sea port town in the parish and electoral and police districts of Eden It is situated on. 
the N. shore of Twofold bay, and is the port for the whole of the S. E. districts of New- 
South Wales. The Kiah and Nalligah river are in the neighbourhood, and mount Lnlay 
lies about 20 miles to the S.W. The district is an agricultural and pastoral one ; 
whaling being carried on to a considerable extent during the proper season, and a 
number of fisherman gaining a livelihood on the bay. The nearest places are Panbula, 
12 miles W. ; Bega, 34 miles N. ; and Merimbula, 14 miles N. With these places the 
communication is by horse or dray only; and with Sydney, 283 miles N., by the 
steamers City of Hobart aud You Yangs, once a fortnight ; also, from Merimbula, 
•once a week ; or by the Ellen, schooner, once a fortnight. Eden has a post and 
money order office, a benevolent asylum, a court house, where the district and quarter 
sessions courts are held, and a cricket club. The hotels are the Exchange (Falkner's) 
and the British (Leslie's). There is no coach office, but a waggon goes to Panbula, 
Bombala, and intermediate places, once a week. Eden has a branch of the Sydney 
and Liverpool and London and Globe insurance companies. The surrounding country 
is rugged and scrubby, and of sandstone and granite formation. The population num- 
bers about 200 persons. 

The Eden electoral district embraces the S.E. portion of the county of St. Vincent, 
and the E. portion of the Monaro pastoral district, and is bounded on the N. from 
the sea, about 2 miles S. of point Upright, by the Duras water, to the range dividing the 
Clyde river and coast waters, and by that range N. , and the Pigeon House range, to 
the range dividing the Shoalhaven and coast waters, and thence by that range to the 
Budawang range ; on the W. by the Budawang range to the source of the Bucken- 
bowra creek, thence by a line bearing S.W. to the confluence of Araluen creek with 
the Deua river, and by that river, upward, to the confluence of Moodong creek, 
thence by that creek to its source, by a line to the source of Wianbene creek, and by 
Wianbene creek to the Shoalhaven river, by that river, upward, to the confluence of 
Curranbene creek, thence by a line W. to Jerrabatgulla creek, and by that creek to 
its source near mount Tumanwong, and thence by the Great Dividing range and the 
range dividing the waters of the Snowy river from those of the Bega, Towomba, and. 
Genoa rivers, to the boundary line between Victoria and New South Wales ; on the 
S. by that boundary to the sea at cape Howe ; and on the E. by the sea to the Duras 
water aforesaid. This electorate comprises the districts of Eden and Broulee, and 
returns one member to the legislative assembly, the present representative being D. 
Egan, Esq. The number of registered electors in this district is 1495. 

Eden is a police district, embracing the S. E. portion of the pastoral district of 
Monaro, and bounded on the north from the sea by the boundary dividing the parishes 
of Bournda and Wolumla, from Panbula and Cobra, as shewn on the map of the 
county of Auckland, published by the government, W. and S. , to Wolumla peak, and 
by a line bearing W. to the range dividing the waters of the Snowy river from those 
falling to the Genoa, Towomba, and Bega rivers ; on the W. by that range, S. , to the 
boundary fine between New South Wales and Victoria ; on the S. by that boundary 
line to the sea at Cape Howe ; and on the E. by the sea to the mouth of the Bega 
river aforesaid. The places of petty sessions are Eden and Panbula. 

EDEN CREEK {Co. Richmond) is a small W. tributary of the Richmond river. 
Sandstone. 

EDEN FOREST {Co. Argyle) is a tract of rich agricultural and grazing land, 
taken up by numerous settlers, and lying on the Wollondilly river, and on the road 
from Berrima to Tarlo. Trap and sandstone. 

EDENGLASSIE {Co. Cook), is a tract of agricultural land lying about 5 miles 
S.W. of the township of Penrith, and taken up by a few small farmers. Sandstone 
and alluvial deposit. 

EDGrERTON STATION {New England district) ; occupier, TyrrelL Right Rev. 
William; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 12,000 sheep. The old charges were 
£120 ; the recently appraised rental is £150. 

EDITH BREAKER {Co. Gloucester) is a rocky islet, awash, lying directly on 
the line of coasters' track when passing between the Seal rocks and the main land- 
It has 25 feet on it at low water, with from 18 to 20 fathoms immediately around, 
and, with any swell forms a dangerous breaker. The following are the bearinga 
(mag.) and distances from the shoal, viz. : — White pile on summit of Sugar Laai 



196 



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[Edw— Eli 



point, 1ST. 27° 40' E. 2§ miles ; outer green point of Treachery head, N. 19° 13' E. If 
mile ; large Seal rock, 1ST. 57° 10' E. 2| miles. Sandstone. 

EDWARD (or Hyalite) RIVER (Cos .Wakool and Toivnsend, Murrum- 
bidgee district) is an important river, flowing through an extensive pastoral country, 
lying between the Murray and Murrumbidgee rivers. This river may be more pro- 
perly denominated a N. branch of the Murray river, as it is connected with that 
river by the Tuppal creek, which flows from the Murray at Tocumwal, and joins it 
near Deniliquin. The Edward is fed by numerous creeks, which drain the flat pas- 
toral land on both sides, and swell it into a large stream toward its lower end. The 
principal of these are the Bullatale, Gerapna, Gulpa, Coligon, and Billabung creeks, 
and the Wakool river, the latter being, however, a S. branch of the Edward. This 
river, or as it is indifferently called at its lower end, the Wakool, falls into the 
Murray, about 15 miles S.E. of the confluence of the Murray and Murrumbidgee 
rivers. The principal town upon it is Deniliquin, or Woolshed, at its upper end, 
where it is crossed by the road and telegraph line fromMoama to Sydney, via Wagga- 
Wagga. The township of Moulamein is also situated on the Edward, at its conflu- 
ence with the Billabung creek. At Deliliquin the Edward meanders into several 
arms, forming small alluvial islands, which lie between the 1ST. and S. portions of the 
town, and are crossed by a punt. These are called Alljoe's Tarangile, and Coonam- 
bidgal creeks. The banks of these creeks are lined with scanty box, cherry-tree, and 
gum forest. At a distance of about 40 miles below Deniliquin, the banks of the river are 
formed into good fruit and vegetable gardens, belonging to Mr. H. Gwynne. Pliocene 
tertiary. 

EENA CREEK [Gwydir district) is a small W. tributary of the Macintyre river, 
flowing through scrubby pastoral country. Alluvial deposit on lower palaeozoic rocks. 

EENA STATION" (Gwydir district) ; occupiers, Russell, Wm. and John Wm. ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Ashford. The old charges were £50 ; the recently appraised rental is £100. 

EENAW00NA STATION (Wellington district) ; occupiers, Ryrie and Alex, 
ander ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £80. 

EFFLUENCE, No. 1 STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Suttor, Wm. 
Henry ; area, 26,600 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £21. 

EFFLUENCE, No. 2 STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Suttor, Wm. 
Henry ; area, 25,600 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £22. 

EFFLUENCE, No. 3 STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Strettle, A. ; area, 
23,400 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £35. 

EFFLUENCE, No. 4 STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Manifie, Wm. ; 
area, 22,400 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £20. 

EIGHT-MILE CREEK (Co. Goulbum) is a smaU tributary of the head of the 
Thnrgonia creek, watering good agricultural land, much of which is purchased by 
small farmers. Schist, with alluvial deposit. 

EINERGUENDI MOUNT consists of felspar, coloured by chlorite, with grains 
of quartz and acicular crystals of felspar. It is situated in the district of Liverpool 
plains, near the Namoi river. 

ELAINE MOUNT ( Co. Clarence) is a small detached mountain, lying at the head 
of the Glen Ugie creek, about 12 miles S.E. from the township of Grafton. Car- 
bonaceous sandstone. 

ELERENA CREEK [Co. St. Vincent). See Ellrema. 

ELI ELWA, BLOCK (A) STATION (Murrumbidgee district); occupier, Fairbain, 
Geo.; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Hay. Charges, £40 10s. 6d. 

ELI ELWA, BLOCK (B) STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Fairbairn, 
Geo.; area, 73,500 acres ; grazing capability, 1280 head of cattle. The nearest post 
town is Hay. Charges, £80. 

ELI ELWA, BLOCK (B) STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Fairbairn, 



Eli— Ell] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 197 



Geo.; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Hay. Old charges, £40 10s. 6d. ; new appraisement, £115. 

ELIZABETH BAY (Co. Cumberland) is a small indentation in the W. shore of 
Paishcutter's bay, and lying to the S.E. of Potts' point. The curious rock known as 
the Horse's head by some, and the Kangaroo by others, forms a fancied resemblance to 
one or other of those objects, lies on its S.E. side. 

Also, an indentation in the E. side of Johnstone's bay, and in the suburb of Pyr- 
mont. There are good sandstone quarries in the neighbourhood of this bay. 

ELIZABETH ISLAND (Co. Clarence) is a small island in the Clarence river, 
lying on the N.E. of the town of Grafton. Sandstone. 

ELIZABETH (or Jerrowan) POINT {Co. Gloucester) is a rocky promontory, 
projecting boldly out into the sea, between the Sugar Loaf point on the S. and cape 
Hawke on the N., about 10 miles distant from each. Sandstone. 

ELIZABETH B-OCKS {Co. Gloucester) are 3 small rocky islets, lying to the 
S. of Elizabeth point, and half way between that and Sugar Loaf point. Sandstone. 

ELLAL0NG ( Co. Northumberland) is a postal township in the electoral and police 
districts of the Wollombi. It is situated on the Ellalong lagoon, lying about 25 miles 
from Maitland, in a S.W. direction, and on the main road from Brooke's flat to Wol- 
lombi. The district is chiefly agricultural, being mostly taken up in small farms. 
There is 1 steam flour mill in the township. The nearest places are Wollombi, 14 
miles S.W., the communication being by horse and dray only. With Sydney, 125 
miles S. , the communication is from Maitland to Newcastle by rail, and thence by 
steamer. Ellalong has a catholic chapel, a denominational school (where divine 
service is performed once a month;, a Presbyterian place of worship, and a court of 
petty sessions. The hotel is the Cricketers' arms. The township is under the control 
of a local road board, and the population numbers about 50 persons. The surrounding 
country is of sandstone formation, and is hilly, lightly grassed, and generally heavily 
timbered with gum, stringy bark, and apple trees. A range of lofty and precipitous 
mountains, known as the Broken Back range, lies to the W. and S. 

ELLALONG CREEK {Co. Northumberland) is a small E. tributary of the 
Wollombi brook. Carbonaceous sandstone. 

ELLALONG LAGOON {Co. Northumbe r rland) is a small swampy lake in the 
parish of Ellalong, into which the Quarrybylong creek drains. The village of Ella- 
long lies at its E. end. Sandstone, with alluvial and fluviatile drift. 

ELLENB0E-0UGH {Co. Macquarie) is a postal village in the parish of Ellenbo- 
rough, electoral district of the Hastings, and police district of Port Macquarie. It is 
situated on the EHenborough river, near its confluence with the Hastings river, and 
about 10 miles W. of the Thoul river. The district is partly agricultural, and partly 
pastoral. The nearest places are Huntingdon, 20 miles ; and port Macquarie, 50 miles, 
E. , the communication being by boat along the river, or horse or dray by the road. 
With Sydney, 280 miles S. , the communication is by steamer from port Macquarie, or 
by horse or dray to the Manning river, 30 miles S. , and thence by steamer, or by 
horse or dray, to Stroud, 70 miles S. ; thence by coach to Clarence town, and thence 
by steamer. The nearest hotels are at port Macquarie. The surrounding country is 
very mountainous, with, however, good river flats and valleys suitable for agricultural 
purposes. The population is small and scattered. 

ELLENB0R0IJGH BIVEPv {Co. Macquarie) is a fine S. tributary of the 
Hastings river, flowing through the rugged cedar country to the W. of mount Bolum- 
bain. Sandstone and limestone. 

ELLENGERAH, BACK OF, STATION (Wellington district) ; occupiers, Cox, 
G. H. and A. B. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old 
charges, £31 ; new appraisement, £60. 

ELLENG0WAN STATION {Clarence district); occupiers, Executors of Clark 
Irving; area, 96,000 acres ; grazing capabilitj", 2500 head of cattle. Charges, £156 5s. 

ELLERBY STATION {Clarence district) ; occupiers, Atkinson and M'KeUar ; 
-area, 20,000 acres; grazing capability, 1200 head of cattle. Charges, £75 Is. 

ELLERSLIE (Co. Cumberland) is a small agricultural village in the parish of 



198 



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[Ell— Emu 



Karelian, lying about 1 mile S. of the township of that name. It has a population of 
about 200 persons, who are scattered over the numerous small farms in the district. 
Sandstone. 

ELLEESLIE STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Kennedy, James; 
estimated area, 54,000 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. The old charges wei*e 
£80 ; the recently appraised rental is £120. 

ELLISLAN STATION (Lachlan district) ■ occupiers, De Sailly, F. and G. P. ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Booligal. 
Charges, £31. 

ELLREMA CREEK (Co. St. Vincent) is a fine tributary of the Yalwal creek, 
rising by several heads, and flowing N.E. through rugged pastoral country. The 
geological formation is chiefly of carboniferous rocks, through which the lower igneous 
rocks have in many places forced their way. 

ELMSM0EE STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Campbell, Mrs. 
Catherine ; estimated area, 51,200 acres; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The old 
charges were £90 ; the recently appraised rental is £163. 

ELONG-ELGNG STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Yeo, James ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £19. 

ELEXNGT0N (Co. St. Vincent) is the government name of the township on the 
Major's creek gold fields, which see. 

ELEXNGT0N MOUNT (Co. St. Vincent) is a high hill overlooking the town- 
ship of Ellington, or the Major's creek gold field. The geological formation is 
quartzose porphyry. 

ELSINEUE STATION {New England district); occupier, M'Maugh, J. ; area, 
12,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £25. 

EMBIE STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Elliot, James ; area, 16,000 acres ;- 
grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £35. 

EMERALD, No. 1 STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Cockburn, William;; 
area, 51,200 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31. 

EMEEALD, No. 2 STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Cockburn, Nesbitt ; 
area, 51,200 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31. 

EMEEALD, No. 3 STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Anderson, W. H. ;,. 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31. 

EMEEALD, No. 4 STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Anderson, R. G. ;. 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31. 

EMIGRANT CREEK (Co. Eons) is a small N. tributary of the estuary of the 
Richmond river, falling into it a few miles from its mouth. Sandstone and shale. 

EMU, 33° 41' S. lat., 150° 41' E. long. (Co. Cool), is a postal township, in the 
parish of Strathdon, electoral district of the Nepean, and police district of Penrith. It is 
situated on the Nepean river, Glenhope creek being in the neighbourhood. Adjoining 
Emu, to the W., is the first ridge of the Blue mountain range. The district is 
agricultural and pastoral, much of the land consisting of rich alluvial soil, eminently 
adapted for farming pursuits. The most extensive power-loom woollen and tweed' 
manufactory in the colony has been established in Emu, by Messrs. J. and A. Rayner. 
The manufacture of tweeds was introduced into the colony at that place in 1840. 
The present machinery consists of a condenser and self-actor, and power-looms, 
the first, and, at present, the only ones at work in the colony. The tweed of the- 
Messrs. Rayner is known by a purple stripe in one selvage. The nearest places are, 
Penrith (the next telegraph station), distant 3 miles W., and Hartley, 40 miles E. 
With the former place there is communication by two conveyances, that ply twice 
daily to the railway station, and with the latter by the mail coach twice a day to 
Bathurst from Penrith. With Sydney, 36 miles E. , there is communication by rail 
from Penrith thrice a day. Emu has a post and money order office, several good 
stores, and 7 hotels — the Union (Avery's), Victoria Bridge (Davidson's), Australian 
Arms (Quiney's), Arms of Australia (Beatson's), Carriers' Home (Matthews's), Emu 
Inn (Hall's), and Railway Inn (Paul's). There is no regular booking office, the coach, 



Emu— End] 



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199 



however, picking up such passengers at the Union hotel as desire to travel. There 
are several carriers in the township, who convey goods into the interior. There is a 
church of England, with a well-conducted school of 120 children, and a Wesleyan 
ch'apel, with a school of about 20 children. The country to the W. of Emu is moun- 
tainous, consisting of the ranges of the Blue mountains ; to the E. it is somewhat 
flat, lying on an undulating plain, known as Emu plains. The town itself was laid 
out on a piece of rising ground behind what was formerly the government farm, 
crossed by the new road to Bathurst in avoiding Lapstone hill. At a distance of 
about 2 miles up the Nepean river, from the township, is a beautiful broad reach, 
capable of floating a fleet of ships, and navigable for many miles upwards. The 
geological formation is ferruginous sandstone. The population numbers about 550 
persons, the number of dwellings being over 100. 

EMU CREEK {Co. Buller) is a small W. tributary of the head of the Clarence 
river, flowing through scrubby pastoral country. Sandstone. 

EMU CHEEK {Co. Forbes) is a small N. tributary of the Burrangong creek. 
Lower silurian. 

EMU CREEK {Co. Phillip) is a small stream flowing from the W. into the 
Widdin brook. 

EMU CREEK ( Co. Vernon) is a small N. tributary of the Apsley river, joining 
it about 8 miles E. of Walcha. Granite and slate. 

EMU CREEK STATION {New England district) ; occupiers, M 'Donald, Smith, 
and Co. ; area, 38,000 acres ; grazing capability, 12,000 sheep. Charges, £120. 

EMU FERRY {Co. Cook) is a postal village, lying between the townships of 
Penrith, 1^ mile E. ; and Emu, 1^ mile W., and being a suburb of the latter place. 
It is situated at the crossing place of the Nepean river, a good bridge having replaced 
the ferry which gave the name to the place, and 4 miles W. of S. creek. The popu- 
lation of Emu ferry, and the neighbourhood, numbers about 300 persons. See, also, 
Emu. 

EMU FLAT {Co. Clarence) is a small flat, with a good waterhole, on the track 
from the Orara river heads to the Clarence river heads. It lies about 10 miles E. of 
Grafton. Carbonaceous sandstone. 

EMU PLAINS {Co. Cook) is a tract of fine fertile undulating country, lying 
about 35 miles W. of Sydney, and mostly taken up in agricultural and grazing farms. 
The great Western road and railway cross these plains, which are watered by the 
river Nepean. The towns of Emu and Penrith are both in the neighbourhood, and 
there is a fine tweed factory, which gives employment to a large number of the resi- 
dents. See Emu. 

EMU PLAINS (or Murdoa) STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Street, 
P. J. and A. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Charges, 
£25. 

EMU SWAMP CREEK {Co. Bathurst) is an auriferous stream, rising in the 
parish of Anson, and flowing N. into the Frederick's Valley creek, at the township of 
Ophir. The upper part of this creek runs through fine agricultural land, lying to the 
W. of the village of Byng, mostly taken up by small farmers, and the lower part 
dividing the parishes of Clinton and Worcester, is auriferous. The geological forma- 
tion is chiefly sandstone and schist, with quartz gravel. 

ENABAL02TG BLOCK (A) STATION {Lachlan district) ■ occupier, Shepherd, 
Isaac, jun. ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 840 head of cattle. Old charges, 
£31 ; new appraisements, £125. 

ENABALONG OUTER STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Shepherd, 
Isaac ; area, 30,500 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

END0WEIE STATION {Gwydir district); occupier, McDonald, Rawdon ; 
area, 38,400 acres ; grazing capability, 900 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£60 ; the recently appraised rental is £60. 

ENDEICK RIVER {Co. St. Vincent) is an auriferous stream, rising in the N.W. 
slopes of the Tatalerang mountains, and flowing in a N.W. direction through the 
township of Narriga into the Shoalhaven river. It is fed by the Bidee and Tilringo 
creeks. Porphyritic rock and schists. 



200 



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ENFIELD ( Co. Cumberland) is a small postal village in the parish of St. George, 
electoral district of Canterbury, and police district of Parramatta. It is situated on 
the main line of Southern road from Sydney 1| mile S.W. of Cook's river, and V 
miles N.W. of Salt Pans creek. The district is chiefly an agricultural (dairy farming 
and market gardening) one, with some good pasture land. The nearest places are 
Liverpool, 12 miles S. ; St. Ann's and Druitt Town, 2 miles distant. The communi- 
cation with those places is by dray or horse only, and with Sydney, 7 miles distant 
IS"., by coach. There are 4 hotels, all on the main road, and within 3 miles of 
Enn eld. They are the New Inn, Enfield, Woodcutter's Arms, and Royal Arms. The 
country is undulating, with small ridges of a clayey nature, and some good blue 
metal suitable for road making. The population of Enfield numbers about 409 
persons. 

ENFIELD (postal name North Richmond) {Co. Cook) is a postal village in the 
parish of Enfield, electoral district of the Hawkesbury, and police district of Windsor. 
It is situated on Bell's line of road, leading from Sydney to Bathurst, about 2\ miles 
N. W. from the township of Richmond, and on a small creek, called Redbank creek, 
which is the boundary of the village on its N. side. The Hawkesbury river flows 
within a mile of the village, and is crossed by a fine wooden bridge, built on piles, on 
the main road to Richmond. It was constructed by a company at a cost of £12,000. 
The district is a pastoral and agricultural one, the latter chiefly grazing, the land in 
the immediate vicinity being inferior, and unsuited for cultivation, on account of its 
clayey nature. The nearest places are Richmond, 2\ miles E. , and Windsor, the next 
telegraph station, 4 miles E. , the communication being by coach thrice a week. With 
Sydney, 40 miles, the communication is by coach thrice a week, or by horse or private 
conveyance to Richmond, and thence by rail. Enfield has a post office and store 
(Winter's), and a Denominational school, with an average attendance of 59 children. The 
hotels arejthe Woolpack (Griffith's) and the Enfield (Moore's). There are 2 places of wor- 
ship, a church of England and a Wesleyan chapel, and connected with each is a 
Sabbath school. Enfield is the name given to the village at the time it was cut 
up and subdivided into building allotments. It was originally the private property of 
W. S. Bell, Esq. , who had it sold in allotments. The main street, and the only one 
in which there is any traffic, is the main, or Bell's line of road to Bathurst. The 
village is not incorporated, and the road is under the superintendence of a local trust. 
Enfield is situated on low flat land ; the surrounding country is undulating forest, that 
to the W. and N. , to a distance of 6 or 7 miles, when the mountain ranges are reached. 
The geological formation is sandstone and shale, with pliocene deposit, chiefly stiff 
clay. The population numbers about 150 persons. 

ENGALDRY STATION {Wellington district) ; occupier, Corse, J.; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

ENGrLEGAH NEW STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Christie and Went- 
worih ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capabability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

ENGLEGAH, No. 2 NEW STATION {Bligh district) ; occupiers, Christie and 
Wentworth; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 5s. 6d. 

ENG-LEGAH, NEW, No. 3 STATION {Bligh district) ; occupiers, Christie and 
Wentworth ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 5s. 6d. 

ENLAGILMA STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Morehead and 
Young; area, 23,600 acres; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. Charges, £138 
6s. 8d. 

ENMMARE STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Dickson, James ; 
area, 10,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1200 head of cattle. Charges, £73 15s. 

ENMOKE {Co. Cumberland) is a portion of the municipality of Newtown, lying 
on the S. side of the Great Western railway, in the angle formed by the railway and 
the Cook's river road, which crosses it at that place. It consists of suburban resi- 
dences, and the farms of a few dairymen. 

ENM0RE STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Josephson, J. F. ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

ENNI0GANDRY STATION (Bligh district) ; occupiers, Brocklehurst, W. W. 
and E. ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were 
£40 ; the recently appraised rental is £40. 



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ENOCH'S STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Suttor and Bowler ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The old charges were £60 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £116 13s. lid. 

ENRIMBOLA STATION" ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Lord, Francis ; area, 
20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Old charges, £60 ; new appraise- 
ment, £150. 

ENROPAMBELA BACK STATION {New England district) ; occupier, 
M 'Donald and Smith ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£60. 

ENROPAMBELA, N., STATION (New England district); occupiers, M 'Donald 
and Smith; area, 50,000 acres; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. Charges, £165. 

ENROPAMBELA, S,, STATION {New England district) ; occupiers, McDonald 
and Smith; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £60. 

ERAGEBRA CREEK (Co. Ilardinge, New England district) is a small aurife- 
rous tributary of the upper end of George's creek, fed by Sandy creek. Hornblendic 
granite. 

ERANGER00 {Co. Parry) is a high peak of the Peel range, lying about 5 
miles E. of the township of Carroll. Sandstone. 

EREBINDERY STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Shepherd, Isaac, jun. ; 
area, 22,400 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £56. 

ERINBRI STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, McKenzie, Colin ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

ERINGANNERING NEW STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Tailby, Geo ; 
area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £30 ; new appraise- 
ments the same. 

ERINGANNERING STATION (Bligh district); occupier, Tailby, George; 
estimated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £24 Is. 3d. ; the recently appraised rental is £30. 

ERIRAH No. 1, BACK BLOCK STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, 
Watt, John Brown ; area, 64,000 acres. Charges, £30 Is. 

ERIRAH No. 2 BACK BLOCK STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, 
"Watt, John Brown; area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£30 Is. 

ERMINGT0N (Co. Cumberland) is a small wayside hamlet, situated on the 
Parramatta road, about half way between the towns of Sydney and Parramatta. 

EROMEDAH STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Ryrie and Alexander ; 
area, 32,000 acres; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. 

ERRARING BAY ( Co. Northumberland) is a small bay on the W. shore of 
lake Macquarie, having a fishing station on its banks. Sandstone. 

ERROWINBANG (or Flyer's) CREEK (Co. Bathurst) is a N. tributary of 
the Belubula creek, rising in the S. E. of the Canobolas cluster of hills, and flowing S. 
about 18 miles, through rough, scrubby country, with tolerably good alluvial ground 
on the W. bank. It forms the W. boundary of the unsold church and school lands 
near Carcoar. A good poor man's diggings at one time existed on this creek. The 
geological formation of the country through which it flows is lower silurian, with 
alluvial deposit. 

ERSKINE FLAT {Co. Wellington) is a gold workings on the Turon diggings, 
lying 1 mile distant, E., from the township of Sofala. The population is included in 
that of that place. 

ERSKINE POINT (Co. Roxburgh) is a spot on the Turon river, lying about a 
mile E. of Sofala. Metamorphic slate. 

ERSKINE (or Talbragar) RIVER (Cos. Lincoln and Bligh) is a fine tributary 
of the Macquarie river, rising in the Liverpool range, to the N.E. of Taree, and. 
flowing in a general W. direction through Talbragar and Cobborah, into the main 
stream, a few miles N. of Dubbo. It is fed by the Coolaburragundry river, and the 
Spicer's, Solitary, Mitchell's, and Plain creeks. Metamorphic slate. 



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[Esk — Eur 



ESK ISLAND {Co. Clarence). See Harwood Islands. 

ESK RIVER ( Co. Clarence) is a fine stream, rising to the E. of mount Double- 
duke, and flowing S. in a line with the coast, through scrubby country, into the 
estuary of the Clarence river. It is fed by Yorkie's creek. Sandstone. 

ESPERANCE STATION {Wellington district); occupiers, Wood, Wild, and 
Kateen ; area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Merri-Merri. Old charges, £31 Is. ; the new appraisement is £49 10s. 

ETTY MOUNT {Co. Wellington) is the N. extremity of the Stony creek range, 
lying on the S. side of the road from Wellington to Burrendong, about 54 miles S.E. 
of the former, and the same distance W. of the latter place. Metamorphic slate 
and granite. 

EUCUMBENE RIVER {Co. Wallace) is an important auriferous stream, rising 
in the Kiandra gold field, and flowing in a S. direction about 64 miles by a tortuous 
course into the Snowy river, near Jindabyne, through the townships of Kiandra and 
Denison. Its banks are for the most part rocky and rugged, although there are 
numerous good alluvial flats in its course. It is fed by the Frying Pan and Goorudee 
creeks. Granite, limestone, trap rock, and metamorphic schists. 

EUCUMBENE STATION (Monaro district) ; occupiers, Harnett and Cullen • 
area, 12,000 acres; grazing capability, 1000 sheep. Charges, £35. 

EUEBOLONG STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Moulder, Joseph ; area, 
23,000 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old charges were £50 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £125. 

EUGOWRA {Co. Ashburnham) is a small roadside village in the electoral district 
of the Bogan, and police district of Molong. It is situated on the Eugowra creek, and 
on the main road from Forbes to Orange. The nearest places are Murga, 7 miles N.E., 
and Forbes, 16 miles W. With these places there is communication by coach ; and 
with Sydney, 196 miles W., by coach via Orange to Penrith, and thence by rail. This 
village attained an unenviable notoriety as being the place near which (at the Eugowra 
rocks) the gold escort was stuck up and robbed by the bushrangers, in the year 1861, 
firing on and killing the driver. One of the band was the notorious Gardiner, who 
was afterwards arrested in Queensland, and imprisoned for 32 years. The sur- 
rounding country is mountainous and heavily timbered with gum and iron and 
stringy bark trees, and the bases of the mountains are densely scrubbed. The 
geological formation is metamorphic. The population, most of which are engaged 
in agricultural pursuits, numbers about 24 persons. 

EUGOWRA CREEK {Co. Ashburnham). See Byrne's Creek. 

EUGOWRA STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Clements, Hanbury ; 
estimated area, 50,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1800 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Forbes. The old charges were £111 17s. 6d. ; the recently appraised 
rental is £137 10s. 

EULA CREEK {Co. Jamison, Liverpool plains district) is a small tributary of 
the mouth of the Bullewa creek. Alluvial soil over granite and schist. 
EUMERALLA {Co. Beresford). See Numerella. 

EUMUR CREEK (Co. Darling) is a small auriferous E. tributary of the Manila 
river. Hornblendic granite. 

EURATHA STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Wall, Charles ; area, 
40,000 acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. Charges, £32 10s. 

EUREKA ISLAND {Co. Clarence). See Harwood Islands. 

EURILLA STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Crozier, John; area, 64,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Wentworth. 
Charges, £30. 

EUR0KA {Co. Dudley) is a small agricultural hamlet in the electoral district of 
the Hastings. It lies near the township of Kempsey, on the Macleay river, and has 
a few inhabitants engaged in farming, who are included in the population of that 
place. There is a Wesleyan chapel and a non-vested National school in the village. 
Sandstone and shales. 



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EUROKA STATION {Bligh district) • occupiers, Brocklehurst, W. W. andEdwd. ; 
estimated area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £50 ; the recently appraised rental is £420. 

EUROKA VALLEY {Co. Cook) is a deep valley on theNepean river, lying about 
4 miles S.W. of Penrith. Ferruginous sandstone. 

EURONEDHA STATION {Bligh district); occupiers, Eyrie and Alexander;, 
area, 38,400 acres ; grazing capability, 4500 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £50. 

ETJR0NGXLLY {Co. Wynyard) is a mining township in the electoral district of 
the Murrumbidgee, and police district of Gundagai. It is situated near the Murrum- 
bidgee river, and is the centre of the Eurongilly gold workings, alluvial and cpiartz. 
Gundagai is 25 miles E., and Wagga-Wagga 25 miles W., the communication beiug 
only by horse and dray, and that with Sydney, from the former place, by coach to 
Picton, and thence by rail'. The district is broken and scrubby, with good agricultural 
flats along the course of the creek. The geological formation is metamorphic slate, 
trap rock, and granite. The population is scattered, and continually changing. 

ETJRONGGREENA STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Wallace, H., and 
King, G. ; area, 103,751 acres ; grazing capability, 11,000 sheep. The old charges 
were £110 ; the recently appraised rental is £187. 

EURUNGERE (or Macdoxald's) CREEK {Co. Wellington) isaW. tributary of 
the Cudgegong river, rising to the W. of Mudgee, and flowing into the main stream 
at the crossing of the main road from Mudgee to Wellington, through good pastoral 
and some agricultural land. The geological formation is metamorphic. 

ETJRYUNDURRY (or Pipeclay) CREEK {Co. Phillip) is a small N. tribu- 
tary of the Cudgegong river, flowing through good land, into the main stream at 
Wilberforce (cut up into small farms, and mostly occupied). The geological formation 
is metamorphic. 

EUSDALE CPvEEK {Co. Roxburgh). See Dixox's Creek. 

EUST0N {Co. Taila) is a jjostal township in the electoral district of Balranald, 
and police district of Moulamein. It is situated on the Murray river, 9 miles S. W. 
from Benanee lake. The Darling river is in the district, about 90 miles N. of 
the township, by Burton's track through the bush, which road is much used and very 
distinct. The district is purely pastoral. The township of Swan hill (Victoria) is 90 
miles S.E. , and Balranald, E., 60 miles on the Murrumbidgee river, and Wentworth 85 
miles W., at the junction of the Murray and Darling rivers. Horse mails run once 
a week to Balranald and "Wentworth, and a mail coach to Swan hill, and also to 
Wentworth once a week. There is also communication by river steamers. The commu- 
nication with Melbourne is by mail coach to Sandhurst, and thence by rail, the entire 
distance being 320 miles. There is 1 hotel, the Somerset, and no regular carriers, 
but drays can always be had at a short notice. The country is flat, and lightly grassed, 
and consists to a great extent of saltbush, thinly wooded, and having thick mallee 
scrub at the N. , running parallel with the Murray. The geological formation is 
pliocene tertiary. The population of the township numbers about 50 persons. There 
is a bonded store, and a punt over the Murray at Euston. 

EVAN is one of the original districts of the county of Cumberland, bounded on 
the S. side by the Bringelly district, on the E. side by the South creek to the Rich- 
mond road, thence by that road to the chain of ponds at Larra's farm, and by the 
Richmond common line to Matthew's farm, opposite the Grose river, and on the W. 
side by the Nepean river. 

EVANS' CREEK {Co. Richmond) is a small stream flowing into the Oran at 
Evans' head, about half way betwixt the Clarence and Eichmond rivers. Sandstone. 

EVANS' CROWN {Co. Westmoreland) is a lofty peak of the Blue mountain 
range, lying between Antoin's creek and the Fish river, near Muttcn falls, and on 
the main Western road between Hartley and O'Connell. This mountain is both sin- 
gular and beautiful in its formation, and is one which attracts the attention of all 
persons passing along the road, its summit being crowned with a large extraordinary 
looking rock, nearly circular in form, which gives the whole very much the appear- 
ance of a hill fort in India. To this hill, Mr. Evans, the first European discoverer, 



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[Eva— Fai 



gave its name, and from its summit lie first saw the plains of Bathurst. It attains 
an elevation of 3200 feet. The geological formation is granitic. 

EVANS' PLAINS (Co. Bathurst) is a tract of fine land, well suited for agricul- 
tural purposes, lying near the township of mount Pleasant, and called after the 
discoverer, Mr. Evans. It is watered by the Princess Charlotte Yale creek, and the 
road from Bathurst to Orange passes through it. Sandstone and shale. 

EVANS' PLAINS (Co. Bathurst) is a postal village in the parish of mount 
Pleasant, electoral district of W. Macquarie, and police district of Bathurst. It is 
situated on the Princess Charlotte Vale creek, at the junction of Spring creek. 
Evans' plains is the name given to a tract of excellent agricultural country, noted 
particularly for the excellence of the wheat grown there, and belongs wholly to the 
mount Pleasant estate, except a reserved Government village, known as mount Plea- 
sant. Cherry Tree hill and mount Apsley gold fields are each about 1 mile distant E. 
from Evans' plains, which are 4 miles W. of the town of Bathurst, 18 miles N.E. of 
Blayney, 29 miles N.E. of Carcoar, and 3 miles S. of Dunkeld. The communication 
with these places, except Dunkeld, is by mail coach, with Dunkeld only by horse, 
along a reserved road along Princess Charlotte Vale. With Sydney, 127 miles E., the 
communication is by coach to Penrith, and thence by rail. There is a post office at 
Evans' plains, and 2 hotels (Bailey's and Bichardson's. ) There is no regular booking 
office, but many teamsters reside on the plains, who carry goods to all parts of the 
country. There is a large 3 storey brick-built steam flour mill in the village. The 
surrounding country is undulating, and the geological formation granitic, with quartz 
veins. The population of the plains numbers about 400 persons. 

EVELYN CBEEK (A Ibert district) is a stream rising near mount Browne, and 
flowing into Evelyn plains. Pliocene tertiary. 

EVELYN PLAINS (Albert district) is a large tract of flat country, lying to the 
■ S.E. of the Grey range of mountains. Pliocene tertiary. 

EVERLASTING SWAMP (Co. Clarence) is a long tract of boggy country, lying 
to the S. of the township of Lawrence, and on the E. bank of the Clarence river. Most 
of the land in the neighbourhood is taken up, and the swamp is being rapidly re- 
claimed. The portion of the swamp nearest the township, and separated from it by 
the Sportsman's creek, is called the Little Broadwater swamp. Carbonaceous sandstone, 
with alluvial and fluviatile deposit. 

EVERSLEIGH SUBDIVIDED STATION (New England district) ; occupiers, 
Hungerford and Belfield ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. 
Old charges, £12 10s. ; new appraisement, £70. 

EVERNDEN MOUNT (Co. Bathurst) is a lofty mountain, standing on the E. 
bank of the Princess Charlotte's Vale creek, in the church and school estates, about 6 
miles S. of Bathurst. Granite. 

EWENMAIR is a county in the pastoral district of Bligh. It contains 1, 184,000 
-acres of unalienated land. Its present boundaries, however, are open to modification. 

EWTNGAR CBEEK (Co. Brake) is a small W. tributary of j the Clarence river, 
flowing through scrubby pastoral country. Sandstone. 

EXM0UTH MOUNT (Co. Leichardt) is the highest peak in the Warrabungle, 
or Arbuthnot, range. It attains an elevation of 3000 feet above the level of the sea, 
and its peak consists of a perpendicular cliff of 1000 feet in height. It is composed of 
ironstone, the cliffs being of basaltic formation. 

EXTREMELY, No. 1 BACK STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Sparke, 
Ed. J.; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

EZR0M (Co. Bathurst), is the name of a small agricultural hamlet lying to the 
W. of Bathurst, distant about 2 miles, and forming a suburb of that township. Sand- 
stone and shale. 

FAIRFIELD (Co. Cumberland) is a small hamlet, lying on the great S. road, 
about 18 miles distant from Sydney. 

FAIRFIELD (Co. Drake). See Timbarra. 

FAIRFIELD STATION ( Clarence district) ; occupiers, Ogilvie, E. D. and S. ; 
.area, 32,640 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Charges, £33 8s. 9d. 



~Fai — -Far] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 205 



FAIRFIED STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, uncertain ; area, 3000' 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £16. 

FAIRY MOUNT (Co. Hons) is a high hill, situated on the E. bank of the upper 
part of the Richmond river, near Ogilvie's station, about 20 miles N. of Casino. 
Sandstone. 

FAIRY MOUNT STATION {Clarence district) ; occupiers, Atkinson and 
M'Kellar ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1500 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Casino. Charges, £93 15s. 

FAL BROOK (Co. Durham) is a small N. tributary of the Hunter river. It flows 
past the township of Camberwell, and is fed by the Carron and Goorangoola creeks, 
and the Foy brook. Carbonaceous sandstone. 

FALCONER, 30° 11' S. lat., 151° 40' E. long. (Co. Sandon), is a postal and road 
board township in the parish of Falconer, electoral district of New England, and police 
district of Armidale. It is situated on the Gyra river, Ben Lomond mountain being 
12 miles distant N., a large lagoon, known as the " Mother of Ducks " 4 miles S., and. 
the Ben Lomond lagoon, or lake, 10 miles N. The district is agricultural, pastoral, 
and mining, the latter being known as the Oban diggings, and lying 14 miles distant 
in a N.E. direction. The pastoral portion of the country is most suitable for horned 
cattle, being too swampy for sheep, and the agricultural country is splendid, and. 
eminently adapted to the growth of cereals, as much as 1000 bushels of oats being 
frequently taken off 20 acres of land. The nearest places are Armidale, 26^ miles S. , 
and Glen Innes, 334 miles N. , with both of which places there is communication by 
horse or dray only, the roads being in many places very much out of repair. With 
Sydney, 838 miles S.S.E., the communication is by mail coach from Armidale (the 
next telegraph station) to Singleton, thence by rail to Newcastle, and thence by 
steamer. There is 1 hotel, the Falconer, and 2 stores in the township. The sur- 
rounding country consists of elevated open ranges, with large flats. It is nearly on 
the top of the coast range, and although too cold for the cultivation of maize, grows 
oats, wheat, and potatoes to perfection. The geological formation is generally fer- 
ruginous sandstone, with quartz reefs running E. and W. The population numbers 
about 100 persons. 

FALCONER, W., STATION (New England district); occupier, Gill, John; 
area, 30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. The nearest post town is Falconer. 
Charges, £74 5s. 

FARM COVE (or Man-of-war Bay) (Co. Cumberland) is an indentation in the- 
S. side of port Jackson, lying between Mrs. Macquarie's point and Battery point. 
The head of the bay is shallow and sandy, and the entrance is called Man-of- W ar 
bay from its being the anchorage of her Majesty's ships of war lying in port on the 
station. The name Farm cove was given to it on account of a farm of 9 acres having 
been cleared in 1788 on the side of the cove next the town, and sown with corn of 
different kinds, which had been brought from Brazil and the Cape, and which was 
found to thrive well. That land, as well as all that at the head of the cove, is now 
the site of the Botanical gardens. About 2 years ago a large shallow on the W. side 
of the cove (a mudbank at low tide), was filled in and reclaimed, aud now forms part 
of the gardens, being laid out with walks, and planted with plants and trees, mostly 
indigenous to the Australian colonies. The E. shore of the cove forms part of the 
Outer Domain, and is rocky and precipitous. Sandstone. 

FARM CREEK (Co. Gloucester) is a small N. tributary of the Carowery creek. 
Sandstone. 

FARMER'S CREEK (Co. Cook) is a stream flowing about 14 miles from mount 
Victoria, so named after a useful horse which fell there and broke his neck, when Sir 
T. L. Mitchell was marking out the line of road. It is a tributary of the upper part 
of Cox's river, just under mount Walker. Sandstone. 

FARNHAM (Co. St. Vincent) is an agricultural settlement, on the road from 
Jervis bay toUUadulla, and on the Wandrawandian creek. Sandstone. 

FAR WEST STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Youl, Richard ; area, 
96,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £30 ; new appraise- 
ments, £20. 



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FAVOR A {Co. Wahool) is a small hamlet, lying on the Wakool river, about 20 
miles S. of Balranald. Pliocene tertiary. 

FAWCETT {Co. Rous), is a small agricultural hamlet, on the Richmond river, 
lying 20 miles above the township of Cassilis. Sandstone. 

FERGUSON MOUNT ( Co. Wellington) is a high hill, lying on the E. bank of 
the Bell river, about 2 miles N.E. of Newrea, and 4 miles S.E. of Wellington. Meta- 
morphic slate and granite. 

FIELD OF MARS ( Co. Cumberland) is one of the original districts of the county. 
It is bounded on the S. E. side by Lane cove ; on the S. side by the Parramatta river ; 
on the W. side by the Hawkesbury road ; on the N. side by the Castle hill Government 
grant ; and the N. line of the E. farms common grant includes the original 1ST. boun- 
dary — Ponds, Dundas, E. farms, and Field of Mars districts. 

FIELD'S PLAINS [Lachlan district) is a tract of flat land, lying on the Lachlan 
river at its lower end, and liable to be inundated in time of flood. Pliocene tertiary. 

FIFTEEN-MILE WATER HOLE STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, 
Strahorne, John ; estimated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The 
old charges were £26 10s. ; the recently appraised rental is £26 10s. 

FIG TREE BAY {Co. Cumberland) is a small bend on the S. side of the Parra- 
matta river, lying between Five Dock bay and the Bedlam ferry. Sandstone. 

FIG TREE POINT {Co. Cumberland) is the N. head of Long bay, and a rocky 
promontory of the W. side of Middle harbour. Sandstone. 

FINCH MOUNT [Co. Northumberland) in a peak in the Hunter range, lying 
about 6 miles S. E. of Wollombi. Sandstone. 

FINGAL BAY ( Co. Durham) is a small indentation in the land, lying to the 

S. of the South head of port Stephens. 

FINGAL POINT {Co. Rous) is a rocky promontory, lying to the S. of point 
Danger. Sandstone. 

FIREFLY CREEK {Co. Gloucester) is a small tributary of the head of Burril 
creek, flowing through the S. part of Larry's flat. Sandstone and alluvial drift. 

FISHERMAN'S POINT {Co. Cumberland). See Bboken Bay. 
FISHERY CREEK {Co. Northumberland) is a small W. tributary of the lower 
end of Wallis' creek. Sandstone and shale. 

FISH RIVER BRANCH CREEK {Co. Westmoreland) is a small N. tributary of 
the Fish river, rising in the mountainous country to the S. of mount Lambie, and 
flowing S.W. through rugged precipitous country, with occasional patches of excellent 
black soil. Sandstone. 

FISH RIVER {Cos. Westmoreland and Roxburgh) is the E. head of the Mac- 
quarie river. It rises in the W. slope of the Australian alps, and flows N. and W. , 
through good pastoral and agricultural country, into the main stream about 4 miles S. 
of Bathurst. Much of the land on and near this river is taken up as agricultural 
land, the principal holders being Messrs. Raine, Kinghorne, Williams, Cory, Marsden, 
Hassall, West, Lawson, and O'Brien. The Fish river is fed by the Fish, Binda, 
Slippery, Fish river branch, Waterfall, Sidmouth valley, Solitary, Dixson's or Eus- 
dale, and Frying-pan or Badger-brush, creeks. It flows through the townships of 
Mutton falls, Kenlis, and O'Connell, and is crossed in its course by the old road from 
Bathurst to Hartley. The first record of gold being found in the colony appears in 
connection with this river in the field book of Mr. M'Brien, assistant surveyor. The 
record is dated 15th February, 1823, and is as follows : — "At this place I found 
numerous particles of gold in the sand in the hills convenient to the river." 
The place referred to, appears from the book to be the Sidmouth valley, 
distant about 8 miles from the O'Connell plains. The land along the 
river consists of a rich deep soil, black, fertile, and containing scarcely 
any stones. Its lower portion forms the division between the counties of 
Roxburgh and Westmoreland. The water is clear, and the stream well 
supplied with excellent fish, whence its name. The geological formation of the 
country through which it flows is generally sandstone, with some limestone, granite,, 
and clay shale, and deep rich alluvial deposit. 



Pis— Fiv] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



FISH RIVER CAVES ( Co. Westmoreland) are a series of chasms lying in the 
valley of the Eish river. Limestone. 

FISH RIVER CREEK {Co. Westmoreland) is a stream rising in a piece of 
swampy country, at the foot of the W. slope of the Australian Alps, E. of Swatch- 
field, and flowing N. through good pastoral and agricultural country into the Eish 
river, after a course of about 30 miles, passing the village of Fish river creek on its 
way. The geological formation is lower silurian, with a few alluvial flats of deep 
black mould. 

FISH RIVER CREEK {Co. Westmoreland). See Oberon. 

FITTON MOUNT ( Co. Murray) is a peak of the Cullarin range, attaining a 
height of about 3000 feet above sea level. Metamorphic slate. 

FITZGERALD'S VALLEY CREEK {Co. Bathurst) is a small tributary or 
head of the Princess Charlotte's Vale creek, rising in the Three Brothers' mountains, 
and flowing through scrubby pastoral country. Sandstone, limestone, and clay slate. 

FITZROY IRON MINES {Co. Camden.) See Nattai. 

FITZROY is a county in the pastoral district of Macleay. It contains 800 acres 
of alienated land, and 726,900 acres unalienated. Its present boundaries, however, 
are open to modification. 

FIVE DAY CREEK STATION {Macleay district) • occupier, Warne, John ; 
area, 19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 750 head of cattle. Charges, £14. 

FIVE DOCK BAY {Co. Cumberland) is an indentation on the S. side of the 
Parramatta river, lying between Five Dock point (see Five Dock) on the E., and 
Blackwall point on the W. It lies about 4 miles in a straight line W. of Sydney. 
The surrounding country is scrubby and thinly timbered with eucalyptus and banksia. 
Sandstone. 

FIVE DOCK {Co. Cumberland) is a rural district in the parish of Concord and 
electoral district of Canterbury, situated on the Parramatta river, 6 miles W. from 
Sydney, and on the main road from that place to Parramatta. Iron cove creek lies on the 
S.E., Five Dock bay on the N., and Hen and Chicken bay on the W., all connected 
with the Parramatta river. There is a salting and boiling-down establishment 
(Preston's) in full work in Five Dock, the district being an agricultural one, producing 
large quantities of dairy produce and fruit and vegetables for the Sydney market. 
The nearest places are Ashfield, 1 mile S. j Canterbury, 2^ miles S. ; Burwood, 2 miles 
S.W.j Longbottom, 1 mile W. j and Ryde, 4 miles N.W. With none of these places 
is there any regular communication, except to Ryde by steamer, although a punt has 
been established at Hythe, the most N. point of Five Dock, by which the Parramatta 
river is crossed for Tarban creek and Ryde. With Sydney the communication is from 
Ashfield by rail, trains running each way 1 1 times per day, and by the river steamers, 
which call 3 times per day. There is a post office, a church of England place of worship, 
also used as a non-vested school, and erected by the inhabitants, and 2 private schools ; 
also 1 hotel, the Five Dock Inn (Vidler's), on the Five Dock-road. The roads are 
kept in repair by means of grants of money from the government, expended by a local 
road committee. The surrounding country is elevated, and of sandstone formation, 
there being several quarries of good building stone. The name Five Dock is derived 
from a peculiar formation in the sandstone at Hythe, which resembles five small docks 
at the E. head of Five Dock bay. Several townships have been laid out in this dis- 
trict or estate, but are not settled on as such ; the principal of these are, Bourke 
town, Cipps town, Maidaville, and Ferry gardens. The population numbers about 
554 persons, the number of dwellings is about 120, and the area in acres 3000. 

FIVE ISLANDS {Co. Bathurst), is the name applied to a small agricultural 
hamlet, lying about 8 miles from Carcoar, in a S. direction. Sandstone and shale. 

FIVE ISLANDS ( Co. Camden) is the name given to 5 rocky islets, lying off the 
coast to the S. E. of Wollongong. Sandstone. 

FIVE ISLANDS {Co. Cumberland), a cluster of 5 small sandbanks, above high 
water mark, at the mouth of the Cockle creek, in the N. part of lake Macquarie. 

FIVE-MILE CREEK {Co. Hardlnge, New England district) is a small N. tribu- 
tary of the Gwydir river. The geological formation is upper palaeozoic, in connection, 
with serpentine charged with chromate of iron, and greenstone diorite . 



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FIVE-MILE CREEK {Co. King) is a small N. tributary of the Yass river, 
rising in the rugged country to the W. of mount Chaton, in the S.W. of the Bredalbane 
plains, and flowing S.W. about 6 miles. 

FIVE-MILE CREEK STATION (Lachlan district); occupier, Dranmond, Thos.; 
area, 1920 acres ; grazing capability, 35 head of cattle. The old charges were £26 
8s. 2d.; the recently appraised rental is £20. 

FLAGGY CREEK (Co. Northumberland) is a small creek, flowing in the neigh- 
bourhood of Newcastle, and upon it are erected a wool-washing establishment and a 
tannery (Mills' and Ryan's), both in full work. Carbonaceous sandstone. 

FLAGSTONE CREEK (Co. Richmond) is a smaU E. tributary of the head of 
the Clarence river, flowing through scrubby pastoral country. A'olcanic trap, rock, 
and limestone. 

FLAKENEY'S RANGE {Co. Wynyard) is a group of scrubby mountains, lying 
in the W. part of the county, near O'Brien's creek, and to the E. of the road from 
Wagga-Wagga to Albury. Granite. 

FLANNAGHAN'S SWAMP, E., STATION {Wellington district); occupier, 
Sloman, T, M. ; area, 32, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 5s. 

FLAT ROCK CREEK {Co. Cumberland) is a small stream, flowing into the 
head of Long bay, a branch of Middle harbour. Sandstone. 

FLAT ROCK ISLAND {Co. Northumberland) is a small rock above high water 
mark in Broken bay, opposite Porto bay. Sandstone. 

FLEA CREEK {Co. Cowley), a small E. tributary of the Goodradigbee creek, 
rising in moimt Pabral, and flowing through rugged pastoral country about 10 miles 
in a S.W. direction. Trap rock, granite, and slate. 

FLETCHER'S NOB ( Co. Gough) is a high hill on the road from Glen Innes to 
Inverell, about 10 miles W. of the former place. Greenstone diorite, felstone, and 
felspar porphyry. 

FLINDERS is a county, in the pastoral district of Wellington. Its present 

boundaries are open to modification. 

FLINTER'S GAP ( Co. Harden) is a passage over the N. shoulder of the Black 
range, on the main road from Yass to Gundagai, about 7 miles W. of Bowring. The 
geological formation is of granite and limestone. 

FLINT MOUNT {Co. Wynyard) is a peak of the Comatawa range, lying on the 
E. bank of the Kyamba creek, and to the N. of the township reserve of Kyamba, on 
the main Melbourne and Sydney road. Granite. 

FLINTY CREEK {Co. Cowley), a small tributary of Mountain creek in the 
Yass plains. Granite, trap rock, and slate. 

FLINTY POINT CREEK {Co. Goidburn) is a small N. tributary of the Billa- 
bung creek, falling into it near the township of Billabung. Mica schist. 

FLINTY POINT GULLY {Co. Goidburn) is a rugged gully, lying between the 
two spurs of a range of high schistose hills, in the N. part of the county, and near 
the Billabung village reserve. Granite and schist. 

FLOOD CREEK {Albert district) is a stream, rising in the Barrier range, and 
flowing in a N.W. direction. Pliocene tertiary. 

FLY ROAD {Co. Gloucester) between Stephens' point and Toomeree head offers 
a good stopping place during the strong winds which frequently blow with great 
strength from the W. for two or three days together, particularly in the winter season, 
during which it is not easy to enter the port ; the bottom is of sand, and rather loose, 
but sufficiently good for an off shore wind. The berth is with the lighthouse, bearing 
S. E. | S. , and the hill next the South Station peak, W. , at about | a mile from the 
shored in 11 fathoms water. Small vessels may anchor near Narrowgut, as there is 
plenty o'f water within less than a \ of a mile of the beach. Should the wind fall 
light, or appearances indicate a change, the vessel should be immediately got under 
way, and run in without delay. 



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209 



FLYER'S [Co. Bathurst) a small gold workings on the Flyer's creek, having a 
rising population of about 50 persons. It forms part of the Bathurst gold field. 
FLYER'S CREEK (Co. Bathurst.) See Errowinbaxg Creek. 
FOLEY'S FOLLY (Co. Parry) is a quartz mining village, situated about 3 miles 
from the township of Hanging Rock. It has 3 crushing machines in full work, and 
a large quantity of rich quartz is regularly raised. There are 2 hotels in the place, 
and a population of about 150 persons in the locality, or, including Hanging Rock, of 
about 200. Hornblendic granite. 

FORBES is a county in the pastoral district of the Lachlan. It contains 1007 
acres of alienated land, and 742,693 acres of unalienated land. Its present bounda- 
ries, however, are open to modification. 

FORBES (Co. Asliburnharu) is a postal town in the police district of Forbes, 
lying on the 1ST. bank of the Lachlan river, and being the chief town of the Lachlan 
gokffields. It lies on the roads from Canowindra to Wagga-Wagga and to Booligal, 
and is 204 miles S.W. from Sydney, the communication being by coach, via Orange 
or Cowra, and Bathurst to Penrith, and thence by rail. The population of Forbes and 
the surrounding neighbourhood is estimated at about 4000 persons, mostly engaged in 
mining pursuits. The township reserve of Caradgery lies on the opposite bank of 
the river, over which there is a punt. Forbes has branches of the Oriental bank, and 
the European and Northern Insurance companies. Two newspapers are published in 
the town, the Lachlan Beporter and the Lachlan Star. The road from Forbes to 
Young is through a level, scrubby country, with dark pine forests intervening, with 
gently undulating granitic ridges. Some of these have a very picturesque appearance, 
the peaked cones into which the granite ranges occasionally form themselves being 
made to appear more peaked by the pines, cypress, and cherry trees that grow out 
from amongst the rocky clefts. 

Forbes is a police district, embracing parts of the pastoral districts of Wel- 
lington and Lachlan ; and bounded on part of the E. from the confluence of Byrne's or 
Mandagery creek with the Lachlan river, by that creek, upwards, to the confluence of 
Moura creek, and Moura creek, upwards, to its source at the range dividing the waters 
of Goobang creek from those of Byrne's or Mandagery creek, and the Little river ; 
thence by that range, N. and W. , and the range dividing the waters of the Little and 
Bogan rivers, N. , to its intersection with a line from J. Ireland's station, Obella, on 
the Little river, W., to W. Lee's station, Genanigi, on the Bogan river; thence on 
the N. by that line, W., to W. Lee's station aforesaid ; thence on the N.E. by the 
Bogan river, downward, to the boundary dividing the Boree-Bogan, and lower Mudall 
W. runs, on that river, pastoral district of Wellington ; thence on the N. W. by that 
boundary, S.W., and by the S.E. boundaries of Hermitage runs blocks X, Al, Mel- 
ville, Barinda, and Wicklow block H, S.W., and by the S.W. boundary of the latter 
run, N. W., to the boundary dividing the pastoral districts of Wellington and Lachlan ; 
thence on the W. by that boundary, S. , to the confluence of Kallingalungaguy creek 
with the Lachlan river, thence by that river, downwards, to the confluence of the 
small creek which joins that river in the Boabungril reserve ; thence by a line bearing 
S.W. to the ZST. boundary of Wyolong run ; thence on the S. by the boundary of 
that run, E , and the E. boundary of that run, S., the S. boundaries of Mugga swamp 
and Back creek runs, E., and the N. boundary of Bland run, E., to its N.E. corner, 
and by the E. boundary of that run, S.E., to Burrangong creek, and thence by that 
creek to its confluence with Tyagong creek, and thence by Tyagong creek, upwards, 
to its source in the range dividing that creek from Crowther creek, thence by the Spur 
range to the confluence of Crowther creek with the Lachlan river, and on the re- 
mainder of the E. by that river, downwards, to the confluence of Byrne's or Mandagery 
creek, aforesaid. The places of petty sessions are Forbes and Condobolin. 

FORBES GOLD FIELD (Co. Ashburnham). See Lachlan Gold Field. 

FORBES RIVER (Co. Macquarie) is a N. tributary of the upper part of the 
Hastings river. Sandstone. 

F0RDWICH (or Broke) (Co. Northumberland) is a small postal village, in the 
parish of Broke, and electoral and police districts of Wollombi. It is situated on the 
Wollombi brook, or Cockfighter's creek, the Yellow Rock mountain being about 2 
miles distant. There is a steam flour mi ll (the Fordwich mills) about half a mile 
from the village, also an agricultural implement factory, and a wheelwright's shop. 
P 



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[For — Fou 



The district is an agricultural and pastoral one. The nearest places are the Wollombi 
township, 20 miles S. on the main Sydney road, Warkworth, 15 miles on the N.W. 
road, and Singleton, 16 miles N. on the great Northern road. The communication is 
by horse or dray only, the mail being conveyed on horseback thrice a week. With 
Sydney, 139 miles S.E., the communication is by rail from Singleton to Newcastle, 
and thence by steamer. Fordwich has a post-office and 1 public (church of Eng- 
land) and one private school. The surrounding country is mountainous, with occa- 
sional fertile flats, well cultivated, and producing good crops of grain, chiefly wheat. 
The soil is generally sandy. It is believed that good coal is to be found in the neigh- 
bourhood, but it has not yet been properly tried. Salt has been found in the Yellow 
Rock mountain. The geological formation is carboniferous and ferruginous sandstone. 
The population, including that of the surrounding district, numbers about 400 persons. 

FOREST CREEK (Co. King) is a small drainage creek of the Boorowa plains, 
flowing N. about 8 miles. It is fed by the Back Forest creek. Metamorphic slate 
and limestone. 

FOREST CREEK ( Co. Murray), a small tributary of the Brassil creek, flowing 
through the S. part of the Yass plains. Slate and limestone. 

FOREST HILL {Co. Wallace) is a lofty peak of the Warragong chain of the 
Australian Alps, standing at that portion of the range in the boundary of Victoria. 
It forms the point where the dividing line is drawn in a S.E. direction to the sea at 
cape Howe. The surrounding country consists of high, rugged, forest- crowned 
heights, with deep gullies and precipitous gorges, and rifts in the rocks between. The 
geological formation is metamorphic slate and trap rock. 

FOREST BLOCK, No. 2 STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupier, Dangar, Mrs. 
Grace ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £35. 

FOREST CAMP STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, McPhillamy, John ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

FOREST, THE, STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupier, Dangar, Mrs. Grace ; 
area, 64, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

FORT BOURKE {Co. Cowper), near the junction of the Darling and Bogan 
rivers, so called from the stockade erected by Sir Thomas Mitchell to protect his party 
from the aborigines who checked his expedition to the W. It lies about 8 miles S.W. 
of the township of Bourke, which see. Pliocene tertiary. 

FORT DENISON {Co. Cumberland). See Denison Fort. 

FORTIS CREEK {Co. Clarence) is a small E. tributary of Whiteman's creek. 
Carbonaceous sandstone. 

FORT OTWAY STATION {Albert district) ; occupiers, Panton and Otway ; 
area, 61,440 acres ; grazing capability, 200 head of cattle and 1000 sheep. Charges, 
£30. 

FOSTER MOUNT {Co. Gregory) is a granite hill, lying in the midst of a vast 
marshy flat plain, and on the W. bank of the Macquarie river, about 40 miles N. of 
Warren. It was discovered by Oxley on his second journey, and although only about 
300 feet high, is a prominent landmark, and may, with its companion, mount Harris, 
be seen at a distance of 80 miles. It is about 2 miles long by half a mile wide, and is 
composed entirely of granite, with granite fragments. 

FOSTER'S VALLEY {Co. Bathurst) is a small tract of low lying land at the 
head of Davy's creek, and on the church and school land lying to the N. of Rockley. 
Granite and sandstone. 

FOSTER'S VALLEY CREEK (Co. Bathurst) is a small tributary of Davy's 
creek, flowing in the land reserved for church and school purposes in the parish 
of Oakley. Palaeozoic. 

F0STERT0N {Co. Gloucester) is a small agricultural hamlet on the Chichester 
river, lying about 10 miles N. of Dungog, and 131 miles N. of Sydney. Metamorphic 
slate. 

FOUR BOB CAMP STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Jones, Edward ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, j£30 5s. 



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211 



FOUR-MILE CREEK (Co. Blkjh) is a tributary of the head of the Munmurra 
creek. Sandstone. 

FOUR-MILE CREEK (Co. Goulburn), a small stream tributary to the Ten- 
mile creek, rising near Woomargama village. It is crossed by the main telegraph 
road from Albury to Sydney, about 3 miles S.W. of Germanton. J. Dickson has two 
lots of 160 acres and 320 acres respectively on this creek. Schist with alluvial 
deposit. 

Also a small tributary of the upper Bowna creek. 
See also Deax's Creek. 

FOUR-MILE CREEK (Co. Northumberland) is a small S. tributary of the 
Hunter river, howing through the agricultural settlement of Miller's forest. Sand- 
stone. 

FOUR-MILE CREEK (Co. Roxburgh) is an E. tributary of Cunningham's 
creek, flowing through the hilly and scrubby country to the N. of Sofala. It is fed 
by the Two-mile or Dry creek. The geological formation is sandstone, limestone, and 
slate, with occasional out-cropping quartz ridges. 

FOUR-MILE CREEK (Co. Wellington) is a small W. tributary of the Cudgegong 
river, rising in mount Bocoble, and flowing into the main stream about 4 miles N. of 
Cudgegong. Ferruginous sandstone and slate. 

FOUR-MILE CREEK STATION (Muirumbidgee district) • occupier, Riall, 
William ; area, 12,000 acres; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. Old charges, 
£10 ; new appraisement, £22 10s. 

FOWLER'S SWAMP (Co. Goulburn) is a tract of flat, grassy land, becoming 
very swampy in the wet season from the overflow of the Murray river, and of the 
creek which flows through it. It lies to the S.W. of mount Jergyle range. It is 
encompassed on the N.W., N., and E., by bold ranges. A. Hore has a 240 acre lot in 
the S.E. part of the swamp. The geological formation is alluvial drift on schist, 
granite, and quartz. 

FOWLER'S SWAMP CREEK (Co. Goulburn) is a smaU tributary of the Murray 
river, rising in and draining Fowler's swamp. It falls into the main stream about 10 
miles E. of Albury. Schists, granite, quartz, and alluvial drift. 

FOX GROUND (Co. Camden) is an agricultural settlement lyiug in the scrubby 
country to the S.W. of Gerringong, from which place it is distant about 7 miles. Sand- 
stone and schist. 

F0Y BROOK (Co. Durham) is a small IS", tributary of the Hunter river, flowing 
through good agricultural ground into the main stream near Camberwell. Sandstone. 

FRANKLIN is a county in the pastoral district of Lachlan. Its present boun- 
daries are open to modification. 

FRAZER'S CREEK (New England district) is a fine stream rising to the S.W. 
of the township of Wellingrove, and flowing N.W. about 50 miles through the town- 
ship of Ashford into the Severn river. It receives the drainage of the King's and 
Waterloo plains at its upper end, and flows through good pastoral and agricultural 
country, there being many small farms on its fertile banks. The geological formation 
of its course is granitic with alluvial deposit. 

FRAZER'S CREEK STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Machardy, 
M. C. ; area, 46,000 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Ashford. Old charges £148 ; new appraisement, £190. 

FRAZER'S CREEK (or Swamp) STATION (New England district) ; occupier, 
Richardson, Alexander H. ; area, 46,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. 
The nearest post town is Ashford. The old charges were £12j ; the recently ap- 
praised rental is £173. 

FRAZER'S CREEK (L. part of) STATION (New England district) ; occupier, 
Ashbee, Edward; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep, the nearest post 
town is Ashford. Charges, £40. 

FREDERICK POINT (Co. Northumberland) is a tongue of land jutting out 
into Brisbane Water harbour, and forming part of the township of Gosford. Sand- 
stone and alluvial deposit. 



212 



FKEDEEICK'S VALLEY (Co. Bathurst) is a small village, lying near the 
creek of the same name, and on the road from Orange to Bathurst, between the 
former place and the township of G-uyong. There is a steam flour mill in the village. 
This village is situated in a valley, bounded by fine bold hills, and cultivated nearly 
its entire length, and in many cases up the sides of the hills. Sandstone and schist. 

FREDERICK'S VALLEY CREEK (Co. Bathurst) is an auriferous stream,, 
rising in the scrubby country S. E. of the Pretty plains, in the parish of Shadf orth, 
and flowing through those plains in a general N. direction into Lewis' Ponds creek, at 
tho township of Ophir. Much of the land on both of its banks is taken up for agri- 
cultural purposes, the principal landowners being Messrs. Wentworth, Betts, Kerr, 
Lord, Livingstone, Lane, and Blackett. It is fed by the G-osling, Blackman's Swamp, 
Mullion, Morgan's gully, and Emu Swamp creeks. The lower end of this creek forms 
part of the division of the county of Wellington on theN.W., from that of Bathurst on 
the S. E. There is a fall on the creek near its confluence with the Emu Swamp creek, 
about 2 miles above Ophir. Sandstone and schist. 

FREDERICTON, 31° T S. lat., 152° 48' E. long. (Co. Macquarie), is a postal 
township, in the parish of Cooroobingatta, electoral district of Hastings, and police 
district of Macleay. It is situated on the Macleay river, near the junction of Christ- 
mas creek, the Paley creek flowing 1 mile distant . The district is an agricultural and pas- 
toral one. The nearest places are Kempsey, 4 miles S., and Darkwater 7 miles E., the 
communication being either by boats on the river, or on horseback. With Sydney, 
275 miles S., the communication is by steamer from Kempsey. There is 1 hotel, the 
Frederickton, and the surrounding country is low and flat for a distance of about 20 
miles round. The geological formation is sandstone and limestone. The population 
numbers about 100 persons. 

FRESHFORD STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Cunningham, Andrew ; 
area, 6500 acres ; grazing capability, 360 head of cattle. Charges, £34 17s. 6d. 

FR0CHESTER STATION {Clarence district) ; occupier, Dickson, David; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

FROG HOLE CREEK ( Co. Beresford), a small creek, draining some good pas- 
toral country, swampy in wet weather. It flows N. about 4 miles, into the 
Bredbo river. Trap rock and porphyritic granite. 

FROG'S HOLLOW (Co. Auckland). See Kameruka. 

FROME CREEK (Albert district) is a stream rising in theN.W. of the Grey 
range, and flowing in a S.W. direction. Pliocene tertiary. 

FROME MOUNT {Co. Phillip) is a peak in the scrubby country lying on the 
N. bank of the Cudgegong river, about 4 miles E. of the township of Mudgee, and 
between the Cudgegong and Lawson's creek. Much of the land on the S. slope to 
5 the river bank is taken up by small farmers. Sandstone. 

FRYING-PAN {Co. Roxburgh) is a postal township in the police district of 
Bathurst, and electoral district of East Macquarie. It is situated on the Frying-pan 
creek, near the Eish river, and is in an agricultural district, the nearest places being 
Bathurst (the next telegraph station), 15 miles W. ; Meadow flat, 74 miles N. ; and. 
Mitchell's creek, N.E. With Bathurst there is communication by coach, and with 
the other places by horse and dray only. With Sydney, 106 miles E.N.E., the 
communication is by Cobb's coach to Penrith, and thence by rail. There are 2 hotels, 
the Australian Inn (Parson's) and the Gold Digger's Home (Parker's). The surround- 
ing country is generally mountainous, and of the ferruginous sandstone formation, 
with much slate and shale. The population numbers about 250 persons. 

FRYING-PAN (or Badger Brush) CREEK (Co. Roxburgh) is a N. tributary 
of the Fish river, rising in the Kirkconnell gold fields, near Yethohn, and flowing S. 
into the main stream, near the township of Kenlis. Much of the land on this creek 
has been purchased by small farmers, and is under cultivation. Sandstone, limestone, 
and clayey shale. 

FRYING-PAN CREEK (Co. Wallace) is a small E. tributary of the Eucumbene 
river, flowing into it past the town of Seymour. One of the heads of this creek is 
called the Buchenderra. Trap rock. 



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213 



FRYING-PAN CHEEK STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Graham, 
William ; area, 15,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £65. 

FRYING-PAN CREEK STATION (Monaro district) ■ occupier, Stokes, F. M. ; 
area, 5500 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Charges, £15. 

FULLERTON COVE (Co. Gloucester) is a large lagoon, on the N. shore of the 
Hunter river, opposite Newcastle. It is almost dry at low water, when it forms a 
hollow in the sandbanks which lie along the sea shore. A large sandy island, called 
Wallis's island, lies on its W. side, and a small sandbank at its entrance. The 
land all round is swampy, and, excepting a portion of Freemanton park, and the 
adjoining farm of W. Smith, it is surrounded by a dense mangrove scrub. The cove 
abounds in black swan, pelicans, ducks, and almost every description of waterfowl 
known in New South Wales. Raised estuary sandbanks. 

FURRUCABAD CEEEK (Co. Gough) is a small tributary of the Rocky Ponds 
creek, flowing near the township of Glen Innes, through good agricultural land. 
Oranite and slate. 

GABRAMATTA STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, West, Henry ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. Charges, £30 15s. 

GADARA CREEK (Co. Wynyard) is a small tributary of the Gilmore creek, 
flowing from the E. of the Adelong gold fields. There is some good agricultural land 
on this creek, taken up by the Messrs. Broughton in the parishes of Tumut and Ade- 
long. Granite and schist. 

GADARA STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Broughton, Robert ; esti- 
mated area, 27,414 acres • grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £60 ; the recently appraised rental is £19. 

GAIRDNER CREEK (Albert district) is a stream rising in the Barrier range, 
and flowing in an E. direction. Pliocene tertiary. 

GALATHRA STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Lloyd, J. C. and 
C. W. ; area, 61,440 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 sheep. Old charges, £61 17s. 
6d. ; new appraisement, £338 10s.. 

GALIMBINE MOUNT (Co. Phillip) is a high peak lying on the N. bank of 
the Cudgegong river, about 8 miles N.W. of the town of Mudgee. It is well timbered 
with gum and stringy bark, and thickly scrubbed with tea-tree and honeysuckle. 
Sandstone. 

GALLAGAMBROGN CREEK ( Co. Gowen, Bligh district) is an E. tributary of 
the Castlereagh river, rising by two heads in mount Nemur, and flowing through 
the village of Mogomodine, and the pastoral country surrounding it, into the main 
stream at the village of Gallagambroon. Pliocene tertiary drift on lower silurian. 

GALL-GALL STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Jenkins, Francis ; area, 
30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Perry. 
Charges, £43 15s. 

GALL-GALL, S., STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Nash, William ; area, 
30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. 
Charges, £30. 

GALL-GALL RANGE STATION (Darling district) ; occupiers, Reid, William L. 
and R. T. ; area, 144,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Perry. Charges, £110. 

GALL-GALL, S., BLOCK (A) STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Nash, 
William ; area, 30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Perry. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

GALMERANG MOUNT (Co. Wellesley). See Cooper Mount. 

GALORE MOUNT (Co. Mitchell) is a lofty hill at the head of the Brougong 
creek, and on the road from Urana to Wagga-Wagga. Metamorphic. 

GALWADGERE MOUNT (Co. Wellington) is a high peak on the S. bank of 
the Macquarie river, about 3 miles W. of Burrendong. Metamorphic slate and 
. granite. 



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[Gal— Gap 



GAL WARY STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Richardson, A. H. ; 
area, 6000 acres ; grazing capability, 0000 sheep. Old charges, £40 ; new appraise- 
ment, £30. 

GAMBENANY (or Marsden's) CREEK (Co. Cook) is a smaU tributary of. 
Cox's river, which it joins about 10 miles S. of Little Hartley. There are vast de- 
posits of alum and salt found in the part of the Blue mountains where this creek has 
its source. Sandstone. 

GAMB00LA STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Smith, John ; area, 
19,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The old charges were £17 10s. ; the 
recently appraised rental is £25. 

GAMMON PLAINS (Co. Brisbane) is a track of good undulating pastoral land, 
much of which is suitable for agricultural purposes, lying round the township of 
Merriwa. It is watered by the Gammon or Merriwa creek, or Smith's rivulet. Sand- 
stoue and clay slate. 

GANBEE-GANBEE STATION (Bligh district); occupier, Rouse, George; 
area, 25,GD0 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

GANDYMUNGYDELL STATION (Bligh district); occupier, O'Donohue, 
Patrick ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £35 5s. 

GANGAN BRANCH (Co. Courallie, Gwydir district) is a watercourse conveying 
the overflow of the Gwydir river in a N. E. direction, into the Goonul swamp, through 
pastoral country. Granite, with fluviatile deposit. 

GANGANGAR CREEK (Co. Wallace) is a small S. tributary of the upper part 
of the Murrumbidgee river, rising in mount Tantangara, and flowing N.W. through 
rough forest land. It is fed by Gooandra creek. Granite, with tertiary drift. 

GANGARY STATION (Wellington district); occupiers, Pitt, J. M., and Sullivan, 
T. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£30 ; the recently appraised rental is £65. 

GANMAIN STATION (Lachlan district); occupier, Devlin, James ; area, 76,800 
acres ; grazing capability, 1100 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Wagga- 
Wagga. The old charges were uncertain ; the recently appraised rental is £232. 

GANNON'S FOREST (Co. Cumberland) is a small postal village in an agricul- 
tural district of that name, lying between Cooke's and George's rivers, in the parish of 
St. George, electoral district of Canterbury, and police district of Parramatta. There 
is 1 tobacco manufactory in the district, which is an agricultural and pastoral one. 
The nearest place is Newtown, 8 miles N. , with which place there is communication 
by coach thrice a week. Sydney lies 10^ miles N., the communication being the same 
as that with Newtown. The road is good the entire distance, being under the control of 
a district road board. The surrounding country is elevated, the geological formation 
ferruginous and carboniferous sandstone, and the population about 300 persons, chiefly 
settlers and small farmers. 

GAN0WLIA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Sweeny, Daniel and John ; 
area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

GAP HILL ( Co. Wellesley) is a small peak, lying on the Gap creek, about 
4 miles N. of the dividing line between New South Wales and Victoria. Meta- 
morphic slate and basalt. 

GAP, THE (Co. Cumberland), is a small opening in the perpendicular rocky 
cliffs, about f of a mile S.S.E. of the inner S. head, and near the village of Wat- 
son's bay. To this opening is attached a melancholy interest, it being the place which 
was mistaken for the entrance to Sydney heads by the commander of the ill-fated 
ship, Dunbar, on the wild, stormy, and pitch dark night of the 20th Aug., 1857, 
the ship driving on the ironbound and precipitous coast, at a place about 4 mile to the S. 
of the opening, and every soul on board, save one, named Johnson, perishing in the 
waves. There was a large number of old and respected colonists on board at the 
time, who had chosen this favourite vessel to convey them home from England, and 
who, having braved the dangers of the passage, were thus lost at the very thres- 
hold of their own homes. The grief and consternation caused in Sydney by this 
melancholy event was exceedingly great, the entire city going into mourning on the 



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occasion of the burial of the corpses which were recovered. The escape of the sur- 
vivor was very remarkable, he being tossed by a huge wave upon a ledge or shelf 
of rock, where, bruised and bleeding, he contrived to hold on until next day, when 
he was rescued, the sole survivor to tell the sad story. Sandstone. 

GAP, THE {Co. Phillip), is a passage over the Blue mountains, on the road from 
Sofala to Merriwa and Cassilis. It lies near Heffron's gully, about 10 miles N. of 
Dabee. Sandstone. 

GAP (or Boboyon) CREEK {Co. Cowley) is a W. tributary of the upper Mur- 
rumbidgee river, rising in mount Clear, and flowing through the Boboyon flats, about 
10 miles E. Trap rock and metamorphic slate. 

GAP RANGE ( Co. King) is a small postal hamlet, in the electoral district of 
Yass plains, and police district of Yass. It is situated on the Jerrawa creek, 1 mile 
from the Chain of Ponds, and 10 miles N. from the Yass river. The district is agri- 
cultural and pastoral, the village of Dalton lying 7 miles N., Gunning, 10 miles E., 
and the township of Yass, 16 miles S.W. Gap range lies between Gunning 
and Yass, the coach passing through the former for the latter place. With 
Sydney, 169 miles N.E., the communication is by coach to Picton, and thence by rail. 
The nearest telegraph station is at Yass. There is a road side inn about 1 mile from 
the hamlet, on the Yass road. The surrounding country is rather mountainous, the 
geological formation shaly slate and ferruginous sandstone. The population consists 
only of 1 family. 

GAR-DEN ISLAND {Co. Cumberland) is an island on the S. side of port Jack- 
son, lying nearly opposite Woolloomooloo bay, and about 3^ miles, in a straight line, 
W. S. W. of the entrance at the inner S. head. It is about § of a mile in length, 
from N. to S., and | of a mile wide, in its N. or broadest part. There is a 
dangerous reef running out to some distance from its S. point, which is awash at high 
tide, rendering it necessary for vessels entering Woolloomooloo bay, between it and 
Pott's point to give it a good offing. This island is used by the government as a maga- 
zine. Sandstone. 

GARD'S {Co. Wellington) is a gold workings, forming part of the Turon diggings, 
and lying 7 miles from the township of Sofala. The population is included in that of 
that place. 

GARLAND'S HILL {Co. Wellesley) is a lofty eminence, lying about 10 miles 
S.W. of the township of Nimmitabel. Metamorphic slate and trap rock. 

GARNP0NG STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Taylor, William ; area,, 
86,400 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £74. 

GAR00LGAN, E., STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Caird, Paterson,, 
and Co. ; area, 19,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

GARRA CREEK ( Co. Argyle) is a small tributary of the Nadgigoman creek. 
Limestone. 

GARRA-GARRA MYRANG STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Towns, 
Stewart, and Forlonge ; estimated area, 18,000 acres; grazing capability, 5500 sheep. 
The old charges were £63 15s ; the recently appraised rental is £62 10s. 

GAR00LGAN, E., STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Gordon, John; area,. 
640 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

; GARULE-GARULE STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Donald and 
Baird; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post 
town is Warren. Charges, £80. 

m GARTJLE-GARULE STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Donald and 
Baird ; area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1280 head of cattle. The nearest post 
town is Warren. The old charges were £80 ; the recently appraised rental is £130. 

GANBENANG CREEK {Co. Westmorland), is a tributary of Cox's river. 
Sandstone. 

GEARY STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, McKillop, Duncan ; area, 
5000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 sheep. The old charges were £17 ; the recently 
appraised rental is £17 10s. 



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GEARY STATION {Bligh district) • occupiers, Farmer and Painter ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the recently- 
appraised rental is £60. 

GECAR (or Cow's Flat) (Co. Wellesley) is a piece of good alluvial land, lying 
at the confluence of the Bombala river and Aston' s creek, and between the 746 acres 
and 5S1 acres, belonging to R. Campbell. The surrounding country consists of bold 
undulating pastoral plains, crossed by the road from Bombala to Nimniitabel. Meta- 
morphic slate. 

GEEKLE STATION (Monaro district) • occupier, Bush, Arthur ; area, 7500 
acres ; grazing capability, 300 head of cattle. Charges, £34 Is. 8d. 

GEDDAX {Co. Batlurrst) is a small township reserve and agricultural settlement; 
lying about 157 miles W. of Sydney. Sandstone and shale. 

GEELONG (or Pine Camp) STATION (Lachlan district) ■ occupier, West, 
Joseph T. ; area, 30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31. 

GEERINGREEMAH (or Phil's Creek) (Co. King) is one of the heads or 
branches of Hovell creek, rising in the Boorowa plains, near the road from Boorowa 
to Weeho, and flowing N. about IS miles. It is crossed and recrossed in its course by 
the road from Cowra to Weeho. Metamorphic slate. 

GEER LAKE (Co. Wakool). See Coomabooy Lakes. 

GEEGALLALQXfG CREEK (Co. Monteagle) is a small stream tributary to the 
Boorowa river, rising and flowing in the flat country lying to the N. W. of the 
township of Boorowa, and flowing S. and S.W. about 10 miles. Granite, slate, and 
limestone. 

GEGALLALONG STATION [Lachlan district); occupier, Darchy, Thomas; 
area, 22,400 acres ; grazing' caj)ability, 400 head of cattle. The nearest post 
town is Boorowa. The old charges were £17 10s. ; the recently appraised rental is 
£37. 

GrENANAGY STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Gilmour, J. N. ; 
area, 76,800 acres ; grazing capability, 1600 head of cattle. Charges, £92 16s. 3d. 

GENARXN STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Dargin, John ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £30 4s. ; 
the recently appraised rental is £45. 

GENERAI STATION (Gmydir district) ; occupier, Adams, A. A. ; area, 
80,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2080 head of cattle. The old charges were £130 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £155. 

GENERAL STEWART'S GAP (Co. Monteagle) is a passage through the 
scrubby ranges, on the road from Murringo to Cowra, via Koorowatha. Granite, 
slate, and limestone. 

GENNONG STATION [Monaro district) ; occupier, Bradley, William ; area, 
15,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. Charges, £38 15s. 

GENOA RIVER (Co. Auckland) is a river rising in the S. part of the S. coast 
range, and flowing in a S. E. direction over the Victorian border into the Mallacoota 
inlet (Victoria). It is fed in New South Wales by the Nangalla creek. Trap rock. 

GEN0E LAKE (Co. Wakool). See Coomarooy Lakes. 

GE0G0LA STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Bell, David ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £73 15s. 

GEORGE CAPE (Co. St. Vincent). See St. George Cape. 

GEORGE LAKE, 34° 58' to 35° 15' S. lat., 149° 21' to 149° 30' E. long. (Cos. 
Argyle and Murray), is the largest and most important of the inland lakes of New 
South Wales. It lies about 25 miles S.W. from the city of Goulburn, to the S. of the 
Bredalbane, and the W. of the Goulburn plains. The village of Kenny's point lies on 
the E. shore, and point Ondyong a little further N. Lake Bathurst, a smaller lake, 
lies 10 miles E., and lakes Tarago and Wologorong about 7 and 10 miles N., respec- 
tively. This lake is 21 miles in length, with an average width of 7 or 8 miles. It is 
situated on the top of the table land of the dividing range, 2129 feet above sea 
level, and is surrounded on the two sides by gigantic towering mountains, rising in 



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217 



grassy slopes from the water's edge, and assuming vaster and vaster proportions as 
they recede from it. At the two ends of the lake the country is lower and more level. 
There is no outlet, however, for the water, the land being higher than the water, and 
it consequently receives the drainage, not only from the hills, but in rainy seasons also 
from the level country near Collector, at one end, and Bungendore at the other. For 
a long time, previous to 1852, the lake had been dry, and its centre was occupied as a 
sheep station, where 3 flocks were kept, and where wood and water were carted for the 
use of the men ; thousands of cattle also fed on the salsolaceous plants that grew on 
the vast plain that the bed of the lake then formed, and here and there were large 
patches of fat-hen, growing to a height of 8 or 10 feet, and making the riding after the 
stock that got amongst it exceedingly unpleasant. In 1852, the year of the great 
Gundagai flood, the lake filled up, and, although 2 years ago it was partially dry, suf- 
ficiently to allow of a dray crossing it at one place, yet the rains of last year again filled it 
up, and. the waters are now higher than ever, being as much as 17 feet deep in some 
places. From the fact of its having no outlet, its waters are saline, although fed only 
by fresh water streams ; this is due solely to the accumulation of salt in solution, 
passed into it by drainage from out of the basaltic rock, and not to any inherent saline 
matter, and to the fact of its having no outlet, whereby the inappreciable amount re- 
ceived yearly remains therein, and continually accumulates ; whilst the amount of 
water, being kept down by vaporization and absorption, remains for long periods ap- 
proximately the same, and thus contains a constantly increasing per centage of salt. 
Similar instances of saline lakes, fed only by fresh water streams, occur in the counties 
of Grenville and Hampden, in Victoria, where, besides the large Korangamite lake, 
there are numerous smaller ones. The water of the lake, although salt, or rather 
brackish, and unfit for human use, is drank freely by cattle. The surface literally 
teems with aquatic birds, and a naturalist would be well repaid for a visit to the spot, 
since he would find many beautiful and some rare specimens of water fowl amongst the 
thousand that cluster in the quiet bays formed by the indentations in the hills. Red-bills 
and water-hens many be seen in countless thousands, and native companions are so 
numerous as to have become exceedingly destructive to the crops, and the small farmers 
about Bungendore have been obliged to poison them in large numbers. Ducks, swans, 
pelicans, spoonbills, and other aquatic birds swarm on the lake, and the floods of 1862 
having brought many of the cod with which Mr. T. A. Murray had stocked the ponds 
of his estate, near Collector, they have multiplied until the lake is full. They have 
been caught at 8 lbs. and 10 lbs. weight. A large animal, somewhat resembling a 
seal, and which comes occasionally to the surface to breathe, has been seen in its waters. 
The portion of the dividing range in which lake George is situated is that part where 
a W. spur, composed of porphyry and serpentine, divides the tributaries of the Lach- 
lan from those of the Murrumbidgee rivers. The locality is celebrated for its pictu- 
resque beauty and savage sublimity. The surrounding country consists of gently 
swelling downs and rugged peaks, and of wide and fertile plains and lofty snow-capped 
mountains. 

GEORGE LAKE RANGES {Co. Argyle) is the name given to a spur of the 
dividing range, and the various branches from it which border the E. and W. sides of 
lake George. The highest peak is mount Alianoyonyiga, which attains an elevation 
of 1500 feet above the bed of the lake, or 3500 feet above the level of the sea. These 
ranges have long been celebrated amongst stockmen as a most intricate and heavy 
country to ride through. The geological formation is sandstone and metamorphic slate, 
with porphyry and serpentine. 

GEORGE'S CREEK {Co. Dudley) is a small K tributary of the Macleay river. 

GEORGE'S CREEK {Co. Hardinge, New England district) is an auriferous E. 
tributary of the Gwydir river, rising near Falconer township, and flowing W. about 
40 miles through rugged country. The course of the creek is much impeded by large 
granitic boulders. It is fed by the Erragerra creek at its upper end. The geological 
formation is hornblendic granite, resembling that on the Ovens gold fields ; it is asso- 
ciated with garnets, sapphires, and tin ore, gold being found in the granitic detritus. 

GEORGE'S HEAD {Co. Cumberland) is a bold rocky promontory on the 1ST. shore 
of port Jackson, lying a long mile nearly due W. of the inner South head. Sandstone. 

GEORGE'S RIVER (or Tuggerah) {Co. Cumberland) is a fine stream, rising in 
.the S. part of the country, and flowing in a general N. direction past the townships of 



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[Geo — Ger 



Canipbelltown and Liverpool, falls into the head of Botany bay. Its course is 
generally through scrubby land with fine soil, much of which is taken up by settlers. 
This river is fed by numerous creeks, the principal of which are the Dahlia, Bunbury 
Curran, Prospect, Orphan School, Saltpan, Cabramatta, and Deadman's creeks. 
Sandstone and Wianamatta shale. 

GEORGE TOWN {Co. Cumberland) is a village in the parish of Banks town 
and hundred of Liverpool, and is situated on the K. bank of George's river. 

GEORGXANA is the name of a county, bounded on the E. by the dividing 
range, extending from the head of the Crookwell, in lat. 34° 30', by Burra-Burra 
lake and mount Werong, to the head of Campbell's river to Pepper creek, on the W. 
by Pepper creek and the range extending from its head towards the source of 
Rocky bridge creek, and by that creek and the Abercrombie to the river Lachlan ; 
on the S. by the Lachlan and the Crookwell, to its source, as aforesaid. This 
county is 50 miles long, and 40 broad, and contains 1,231,360 square acres. The 
number of freehold landholders in this county is 252 ; and of leaseholders, 97. The 
extent of land in cultivation is 5222^ acres. Under wheat there are 40204 acres ; 
under maize, 187 acres ; under barley, 74 acres ; under oats, 230 acres ; and under 
vine, 3 acres. Live stock: 6553 horses; 11,614 horned cattle; 44,766 sheep; and 
1541 pigs. The Tuena gold fields are in this county. 

GE0RGY, E., STATION {Warrrego district) ; occupier, Lord, G. W. ; area, 
46,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £35. 

GE0RGY STATION {Warrego district) ; occupier, Lord, G. W. ; area, 16,000 

acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

GERADJUSEE (or Wheelah) STATION {Bligh district) ; occupiers, Wild and 
Wood; area, 19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £50. 

GERALDRA STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Ryan, Edward ; area, 
19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. The old charges were £38 2s. 
6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £75. 

GERALGAMB0NE STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Lowe, Robert ; area, 
20,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £49 10s. ; the- 
recently appraised rental is £60. 

GERAMY STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Tyson, J. and W. ; esti- 
mated area, 22,400 acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. The old charges, 
were £22 8s. 9d. ; the recently appraised rental is £95. 

GERAPNA CREEK ( Co. Cadell, M urrumbidgee district), a small tributary of 
the Edward river, falling into it near Deniliquin. Pliocene tertiary. 

GERARD MOUNT {Go. Olive) is a lofty peak, lying on the S. bank of Gerard's 
creek, about 4 miles W. of the township of Drake. Sandstone. 

GERAWA STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Rundle, J. B. ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. Charges, £25. 

GERELDERY STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Osborne, J. and 
H. ; area, 18,000 acres; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Charges, £155. 

GERXLAMB0NE STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, McLean, J. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old charges, £31 ; new appraise- 
ment, £60. 

GERMANTON, (Postal name, Ten Mile Creek) 35° 42' S. lat., 147° 20' 
E. long. {Co. Goalburn), is a postal township in the parish of Germanton, electoral 
district of the Hume, and police district of Albury. It is situated on the Ten-mile 
creek, the Billabong creek being distant 6 miles W. , and Coocook hill lying 3 miles E. 
The district is agricultural and pastoral, the soil being a rich red one, eminently adapted 
for the cultivation of the vine. The nearest places are, the township of Albury, 32 
miles S. S. W. ; the village of Piney range, 32 miles S. ; the village reserve of Wooniar- 
gama, 9 miles S.W. ; and the Billabung village reserve, 7 miles E. The Sydney and 
Albury coach passes through Germanton, and the two last-named places, daily ; and 
with Piney range the communication is on horseback only. With Sydney, 315 miles 
N. E. , the communication is by coach, to Picton, and thence by rail. Germanton has 
a post office, 1 store, a police station, and 1 hotel, the Criterion ; there being also, 



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219 



2 other hotels on the main road and in the neighbournood, viz. , Gall's and Garry's. 
The cultivation of the grape vine, and of tobacco, are at present attracting much 
attention in the district, the soil being admirably adapted for their production. The 
country to the S.E. is full of steep granite ranges, and the N.W., low 
lying and flat. The geological formation is generally schistose, in the lower portions of 
the country, with granite on the upper parts of the hills. The population numbers 
about 100 persons. 

GEROGERY {Co. Goulburn) is a small agricultural village, lying on the E. of the 
Gerogery range of hills, and on the road from Albury to Wagga-Wagga and Currububula. 

GEROGERY CEEEK {Co. Goulburn), a small N. tributary of the Bowna creek, 
rising near and flowing through the village of the same name, where it is crossed by 
the roads from Albury to Tirana and to Wagga-Wagga. A. A. Huon has 800 acres 
on this creek. The geological formation is mica, schist, and granite. 

GEROGERY STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Huon, D. A. ; esti- 
mated area, 30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Albury. The old charges were £60 ; the recently appraised rental is £56. 

GEROGERY RANGE {Cos. Goulburn and Hume) is a range of rugged schis- 
tose and granite hills, forming part of the boundary between the two counties, and 
the source of the Gerogery and Dead Horse creeks. 

GERRINGONG, 34° 40' S. lat., 150° 51' E. long. (Co. Camden), is a postal town- 
ship in the parish of Gerringong, and electoral and police district of Kiama. It is 
situated on high land near the coast, and within a mile 1ST. of the Crooked river, a> 
stream dangerous to cross in rainy weather, owing to the shifting sands. The road 
from Wollongong and Kiama passes over this river near its mouth, and numerous 
accidents have taken place there. The district is agricultural and pastoral, the 
nearest places being Kiama, 8 miles X., and in the Shoalhaven district, 14 miles S., 
the government township of Nowra, and the villages of Numba and Terrara. With 
these places there is communication by horse and dray only, the mails being carried on 
horseback daily. With Sydney, 95 miles N. , the communication is from Kiama by 
steamer. The road is mountainous and tolerably good, the views being extremely 
picturescpie ; that portion of the road, however, to the S. leads over the dangerous 
Crooked river, and leads for a considerable distance along the sandy beach between 
Gerringong and Shoalhaven. There is 1 hotel in Gerringong, the Lanterick. There 
is a post office, church of England, and Eoman catholic churches and schools, and 
Wesleyan and Presbyterian chapels. The surrounding country is elevated and moun- 
tainous, consisting of ferruginous sandstone, with, to the S., hornblendic granite 
boulders, some of which are of considerable magnitude. The soil is generally rich, 
and well cultivated. The population numbers about 100 persons. 

GERWA STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, McLean, J. ; area, 16,000 acres, 
grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32. 

GEVER00 STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Morehead and Young ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

GEWAH COWELL STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Jones, John ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31 Is. 

GHEAN CE.EEK (Co. Jamison, Liverpool plains district) is a S. tributary of 
the Moornia creek, rising near the village of Malaraway, on the Narrabri and Moree 
road, and flowing N.W. through good country, swampy in winter. Granitic, with 
alluvial and swampy deposit. 

GHINI-GHINI ( Co. Macqnarie) is a small agricultural village, in the electoral 
district of the Hastings, and police district of the Manning river. It is situated on the 
N. bank of the Manning river, 3 miles E. from the township of Cundletown, 6 miles 
E. from Taree, and 13 miles W. from the sea. The communication with these places 
is by horse or dray by land, or by small boat on the river. With Sydney, 195 miles 
S. the communication is by steamer from Cundletown. The surrounding country is 
flat and swampy, and taken up for agricultural purposes by small settlers. There is 
1 hotel, the Kingston, in Ghini-Ghini, the nearest post town being Cundletown. 
The population is small, and scattered over the small farms in the district. Sandstone 
and limestone. 



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GIANDERRA (o^Kiandra) RANGE (Co. Wallace) is an E. spur of the N. 
part of the Muniong or Snowy mountains, consisting of high broken peaks and grassy- 
valleys, covered with snow in winter, and closely intersected with swamps. The 
Kiandra gold field lies amidst these ranges, and on the intervening flats. The high- 
est peak is called mount Tantangara. Metaniorphic slate and syenite. 

GIANT'S CREEK (Co. Brisbane) is a N. tributary of the Goulburn river. 

Sandstone and shale. 

GIBBIGAN STATION [Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Boyle, George and 
John ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £32. 

GIBRALTAR HILL (Co. Cook) is a lofty mountain in the Bine mountain 
range, lying about 18 miles distant S. from Little Hartley. Vast quantities of alum 
and salt of good quality are imbedded in the earth on this hill. Sandstone. 

GIBRALTAR CREEK (or River) (Co. Cowley) is a tributary of the 
Tidbinbilla creek, flowing in a N. direction, about 10 miles into the Tidbinbilla creek, 
through rough pastoral country. It is fed by Paddy's creek. 

GIBRALTAR HILL {Co. Cowley) is a high peak, lying about 6 miles N.W. of 
Tharwa, and on the W. of the Murrumbidgee river. Near the summit of this hill 
is a cave, said to have been the haunt of the notorious bushranger, Jackey- Jackey. 
Granite. 

GIDGIER STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Knight, John • area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

GIDGINBILLA STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Blackman, W. R. ; esti- 
mated area, 32,000 acres; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £61 17s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £200. 

GIDGINB0YNE STATION (Bligh district); occupier, Ramsey, David, fun!; 
.area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £33 8s. 9d. 

GIERG0VR0W STATION (Clarence district); occupier, executors of G. K. 
Ingelow ; area, 24,320 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

GIGGEN BACK STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, ParneU, Charles ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Bourke. Charges, £30. 

GIGGEN STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, ParnelL Charles ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capabilitv, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Bourke. 
Charges, £32. 

GIGGINGH0LES STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Miller, Joseph ; 
area, 19,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Charges, £30 10s. 

GIGINBILLA NEW STATION {Bligh district) ; occupiers, Morris and Black- 
man ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

GILEND00N STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Rouse, George; area, 12,800 
acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; the recently 
appraised rental is £62. 

GILGIL RIVER (Co. Staplyton, Gwydir district) is a stream of good water, 
rising in the rocky waterholes to the N. of mount Musquito, and about 20 
miles N.N.W. of Warialda. It is fed by the Bullala and Wallon creeks, and flows 
in a W. direction about 100 miles into the head of the Barwon or upper Darling river. 
The road from Warialda to Welbon, Cowra, Mungi, and Mogindie, runs along the 
course of this stream, which flows through polygonum flats and scrubby plains, with 
indifferent sandy and clayey soil. To the N. of the river are extensive open plains, 
of little value, however, for agricultural or pastoral purposes. The geological forma- 
tion is lower palaeozoic, with pliocene tertiary and alluvial deposit. 

GIL-GIL STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupiers, Turner and Christian ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
"Warialda. Charges, £31. 

GIL-GIL SOUTH STATION (Gwydir district); occupiers, Turner and Christian ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Warialda. Charges, £30. 



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GILLENBAH (or Yanko) (Co. Mitchell) is a small pastoral hamlet, in the 
electoral district of Murrumbidgee, and police district of Wagga-Wagga. It is 
situated on the Murrumbidgee river, ^ a mile S. from the township of Narrandera, 
with which place it is connected by a punt over the river. It is in saltbush pastoral 
country, having a population of 25 persons, and 1 hotel, the Bush Inn. Pliocene 
tertiary. 

GILLENBAH STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Jenkins, John and 
Francis ; area, 25,600 acres ; grazing capability, 7000 sheep. Charges, £45. 

GILLAGXJNIA STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Peate and Reid ; area,. 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

GILLGI STATION (Warrego district) ; occupiers, White, J. F., H. C, and E.; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

GILLIMATONG CREEK (Co. St. Vincent) is a small auriferous stream, 
flowing from near Braidwood, in a W. direction, into the Shoalhaven river. Disin- 
tegrated granite and metamorphic slate traversed by trap rock. 

GILLIMATONG STATION (Monaro district); occupier, Bradley, William; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 900 head of cattle. Charges, £72 3s. 9d. 

GILLINGHALL STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Rouse, George ; area, 
12,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32. 

GILLINTINE and GABONDRY STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, 
Mort, Cameron, and Buchanan ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of 
cattle. Charges, £30. 

GILL MOUNT (Co. Forbes) is a lofty peak in the rugged ranges lying to the S. 
of the Lachlan river, and near the head of the Kangarooby creek. It hies about 30 
miles W. of Cowra. Granite and limestone. 

GILMANDYKE CREEK (Co. Georgiana) is a W. tributary of the Campbell river,, 
rising in the Long swamp, and flowing in an E. direction through good alluvial ground, 
suitable for cultivation. It is crossed by the road from Rockley to Bolong. Sand- 
stone and limestone, with clayey shale. 

GILMORE CREEK (Co. Wynyard) is an important auriferous stream, rising in 
the N. slope of Mane's range, and flowing N. , about 36 miles through the Gilmore (upper 
Adelong) gold fields into the Tumut river, at the township of Tumut. It is crossed by the 
road to Tumbarumba, at about 5 miles S. of Tumut, and is fed by the Stony and 
Wondowgee creeks. O'Mara and Downey, R. K. Broughton, and a number of others, 
have purchased land on this creek, much of which is under cultivation. The geological 
formation is granite in masses, with syenite between. There are hot springs in the neigh- 
bourhood, 2 at mount Hugel, as ascertained by J as. Macarthur, Esq. , in November, 
1850, being 59° and 57° respectively. 

GILMORE CREEK STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Boyd, Thomas; 
estimated area, 720 acres ; grazing capability, 200 head of cattle. The post town is 
Tumut. The old charges were £24 8s. ; the recently appraised rental is £15. 

GILMORE GOLD FIELD (Co. Wynyard) is a gold working, lying along the 
banks of the Gilmore creek, about 12 miles S.E. of the township of Adelong, and 
comprising the Batlow and Long Flat diggings. Metamorphic slate and granite. 

GINENBUEN 'STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Napier, Robert ; area, 
30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1920 head of cattle. Charges, £220. 

GINALLIGULLA ( Co. Cumberland) is a high hill in the parish of Alexandria, 
and suburban municipality of Woollahra. It lies on the S. shore of port Jackson, 
opposite point Piper, between the heads of Rose and Double bays, and on the S. side 
of the new South Head road. It attains an altitude of 268 feet above the level of the 
sea. Sandstone. 

GINGEDLICK DIGGINGS (Co. Selwyn.) See Tumberumba. 
GINGE BACK STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Parnell, Charles ;. 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £50. 

GINGE STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Parnell, Charles ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £52. 



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GINGER STATION ( Wprrego district) ; occupiers, Walford and Sparke ; area, 
30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £40. 

GINGER-BEER CREEK {Co. Harden), a small W. tributary of the Muttama 

creek, rising and flowing in the parish of Coolac, through land taken up for small 
agricultural farms. Granite, slate, and limestone. 

GINGHAM GAP {Co. Gordon) is a pass through the Hervey range of moun- 
tains, on the road from Obley to Condobolin. Granite. 

GINGHAM STATION [Ghmjdir district) • occupier, Bucknell, W. W. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Moree. Old 

charges, £30 ; new appraisements, £30. 

GINGHAM, W. , STATION {Bligh district); occupier, Buckland, W. W., and 
Buckland, A. W. ; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The 
nearest post town is Moree. Old charges, £32 15s. ; new appraisements, £25. 

GINGI LOWER BACK STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, Walford and 
Sparke; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Walgett. Charges, £31. 

GINGI UPPER BACK STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, Walford and 
Sparke ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Walgett. Charges, £30 5s. 

GININGININDERY CREEK (Co. Murray) is an E. tributary of the Mur- 
rumbidgee river, flowing through the N. portion of the Limestone plains, and crossing 
the road from Queanbeyan to Yass, about 16 miles N.N.W. of the former place. It 
is fed by the Gooroman chain of ponds. There are some beautiful waterfalls on this 
creek, near the Ginnindera estate, about 2 miles from its junction with the Murrum- 
bidgee. Granite, slate, and limestone. 

GINNINDERA, 35° 11' S. lat., 149° 4' E. long. {Co. Murray), is a postal hamlet, 
in the electoral and police districts of Queanbeyan. It is the estate of W. Davis, 
Esq., and is situated on the Ginnindera creek, 195 miles S. of Sydney, on the road from 
Gundaroo to Queanbeyan. It is bounded by the Murrumbidgee and Canberra rivers. 
A two-horse coach passes twice a week, plying from Queanbeyan to Goulburn, 
stopping Avith the mail at the post office and store at the station. The Murrum- 
"bidgee river lies 9 miles S.W., and the Queanbeyan (or Canberra) river about 6 miles 
S. The district is agricultural and pastoral. Gold has been found on the station, 
Tout not in payable quantities, the nearest diggings being at Brookes's creek, 24 miles 
distant N. The nearest towns are, Queanbeyan, 15 miles S.E. ; Yass, 30 miles 
N.W. ; and Gundaroo, 18 miles N. ; with which places there is communication by 
mail coach, as there is twice a week with Picton, whence trains run for Sydney, the 
entire distance being 195 miles. There is a church of England school at Ginnindera, 
and 1 hotel, the Cricketers' Arms, about 1| mile on the road to Yass. The nearest 
telegraph station is at Braidwood, and the nearest district court at Queanbeyan. 
The surrounding country consists of fine open forest and lightly timbered plains. 
The Murrumbidgee mountains, often capped with snow, are visible in the distance, 
and the whole of the district is stocked with native game, the mountains particularly 
abounding with wallaby, kangaroo, and pheasants, or lyre birds. The geological 
formation is slate and limestone. The population of the district numbers about 250 
persons. 

GIPPS is a county in'the pastoral district of Lachlan. It contains 320 acres of 
alienated land, and 1,423,680 acres unalienated. Its present boundaries, however, 

are open to modification. 

GIPPS' TOWN {Co. Cumberland) is a small village laid out on the Five-dock 
estate, in the parish of Concord, and electoral district of Canterbury. It is occupied 
only by a few agriculturists, who supply the Sydney market with fruit and vegeta- 
bles, and is situated on the Five-dock road, about 8 miles from Sydney, and 2 miles 
from Ashfield, the nearest railway station. Sandstone. 

GIRIWILLIE STATION [Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, G. H. and A. 
B. Cox; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were 
£40 ; the recently appraised rental is £120. 

GIRO {Co. Macquarie). See Gyro. 



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223 



GIRO FLAT STATION {New England district) ; occupiers, Macleay, John K., 
and Cobb, A. ; area, 9600 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £280. 

GLADESVILLE (Tarban Creek or Bedlam Ferry) {Co. Cumberland) is a small 
rural village, in the parish of Hunter's hill, electoral district of St. Leonard's, and 
police district of Sydney, situated on the S. bank of the Parramatta river, about 7 
miles W. from Sydney, with which place there is communication, as well as with 
Parramatta, by steam boat, and by the Five-dock road over the ferry, to Ashfield, 
and thence by rail. The Tarban lunatic asylum is in this village. (See Tarban. ) 
The surrounding country consists of fine undulating land, much of which is purchased 
and beautifully laid out as villa residences, with fertile hanging gardens ; the culti- 
vation of fruit and vegetables is the chief industry of the locality, although there are 
several small dairy farms, and a number of men engaged quarrying building stone. 
There is 1 hotel, the Gladesville, and the population is small and scattered. The 
geological formation is feruginous sandstone, with pliocene tertiary drift, the district 
being well timbered and thickly scrubbed, except where cleared. 

GLANMIRE, 32° 23' S. la*., 149° 44' E. long., {Co. Roxburgh), is a postal mining 
village, recently formed on the Glanmire estate, in the parish of Peel, electoral district 
of E. Macquarie, and police district of Bathurst. It is situated on St. Anthony's 
creek, about 7 miles N. E. of Bathurst, with which place it is connected by a good 
road. It contains 5130 acres of land of fair average quality, and well grassed, the 
greater part of which is auriferous. The nearest places are, Littleton, 2 miles E. , 
and Bathurst, 7 mil es S. W. ; the communication being with the latter place by Cobb's 
coach. With Sydney, 129 miles E., the communication is by Cobb's coach, via 
Bathurst to Penrith, and thence by rail. Glanmire has a population of about 500 
persons, mostly engaged in mining. The washing stuff consists of gravelly drift, 
varying from 18 inches to 3 feet in thickness, and very rich. The gold is worth £3 15s. 
per ounce. The opening day of the Glanmire diggings was June 19th, 1865 ; at that 
time there was a great rush, which has, however, subsided, and the place has become 
settled down as a proclaimed diggings. The surrounding country is varied, consist- 
ing of widely-spreading flats and valleys, running back into the ranges. All these 
are auriferous, and the gold is of a tolerably coarse and heavy description. The dis- 
trict is well watered by the Winburndale rivulet, a never failing stream, and the St. 
Anthony's creek. The geological formation is partly granitic and partly schistose, the 
field being naturally divided into the two. The Winburndale valley is wholly of the 
latter character, with quartz reefs showing themselves in nearly every spur, and por- 
phyritic trappean rock at intervals. The country at the lower part of St. Anthony's 
creek is granitic, interspersed with quartz veins and metamorphic rocks, with aurife- 
rous alluvial drift, and beds of ferruginous conglomerate, or miners' " cement." 

GLEBE {Co. Cumberland) is a suburban municipality, adjoining the city of 
Sydney, situated on a tongue of land lying between Blackwattle cove and Bozelle 
bay. It is a populous suburb, and a favourite place of residence for merchants, and 
others having business in town. It lies to the N.W. of Sydney, and is reached either 
by the main road (Parramatta-street) or by a bridge which crosses the Blackwattle 
swamp, and which, with the Pyrmont bridge, affords communication from the very 
heart of the city. The Lyndhurst college, for the education of youth in the tenets of 
the Roman catholic faith, is pleasantly situated in the Glebe, on the shore of Black- 
wattle cove, and there are numbers of hotels and inns within the municipality. Com- 
munication with Sydney may be had by 'bus every 5 minutes. There is an agency of 
the Victoria insurance company in the Glebe. The population is estimated at 3712. 

The Glebe municipality was proclaimed 1st August, 1859. The estimated annual 
value of rateable property within it is £28, 537, from which (including government aid) 
it derived in the year 1864 an income of £3329 Is. lid. The expenditure during that 
year was £2380 15s. 6d. The extent of its streets and roads is 85 miles, and the 
number of registered electors 735. 

The Glebe electoral district consists of the Glebe and Balmain. The Glebe is 
bounded on the east by Bay-street, N.', from the Parramatta-road, at the junction of 
the Newtown-road, to Blackwattle swamp cove ; on the N. and W. by the waters of 
port Jackson, and by Johnston's creek, upwards, to the Orphan school creek ; on the 
S. by that creek, upwards, to the Parramatta-road ; and by that road, E. , to Bay- 
street aforesaid. Balmain is bounded on the S. W., from Fig Tree point, in Long cove, 



224 The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Gle 



by the roads forming the S.W. boundaries of blocks 37, 38, 7, 9, 10, 17, and 19 of 
the Bahnain estate, to Johnston's bay, at the S. side of Glebe island, and including 
that island ; and on the remaining sides by the waters of port Jackson to Fig Tree 
point, in Long cove, aforesaid. The electorate comprises a part of the police district 
of Sydney, and returns 1 member to the Legislative Assembly ; the present repre- 
sentative being T. W. Smart, Esq. The number of registered electors in this district 
is 2025, of whom 1073 voted at the last general election (1864-1865). 

GLEBE ISLAND (Co. Cumberland) is a large island lying in Johnstone's bay, 
in the parish of Petersham, and between White and Rozelle bays. It is about 1 mile 
distant from Sydney, via Pyrmont, with which it is connected by a fine wooden bridge, 
substantially built on piles. The corporation abattoirs, a splendid stone building ad- 
mirably adapted to the purpose for which it was erected, stands on this island, or rather 
peninsula, as it is now joined to the mainland of Balmain by an embankment. The 
abattoirs are rented by the corporation to the various carcase butchers of Sydney, who 
slaughter much of their meat there. Sandstone. 

GLEN BARNETT STATION" (Neiv England district) ; occupier, Prisk, P. ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £350. 

GLENB0G STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Wright, Charles ; area, 31,040 
acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. Charges, £65. 

GLENBR00X {Co. Cook) is a small tributary of the Nepean river, flowing near 
the township of Emu. Sandstone. 

GLENC0E STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Keenan, James ; area, 
19,110 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31 Is. 

GLENDARUEL ( Co. Camden) is an agricultural settlement, lying near the 
village of the Oaks. Sandstone. 

GLEND0N BROOK (Co. Durham) is a fine stream, rising in the mount Royal 
ranges, and flowing S. into the Hunter river, about half way between Maitland and 
Singleton. It is fed by the West brook, and by Reedy and Webber's creeks, and 
waters a tract of excellent agricultural land, adapted for dairy purposes and the 
growth of maize. Carbonaceous sandstone and clay slate. 

GLEN ELGIN (Co. Gough) is a small gold field, lying within 20 miles E. of the 
township of Glen Innes. This diggings yield fair average returns. 

GLEN ELGIN STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Binney, John ; 
area, 30,520 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. The old charges were £75 12s. ; 
the recently appraised rental is £85 10s. 

GLEN FEARNAIGH STATION (New England district) ; occupiers, Freeman 
andM'Lennon; area, 15,560 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

GLEN FINLAS [Co. Wellington) is an agricultural settlement, lying on the 
Molle river, about 20 miles W. of the township of Wellington. Sandstone and 
slate. 

GLENGARIFF BLOCK (A) STATION (Wellington district); occupier, Aarons, 
Joseph, jun. ; area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31 12s. 

GLENGARIFF BLOCK (B) STATION (Wellington district) ; occupier, Aarons,. 
Joseph, jun.; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31 12s. 

GLENGARIFF BLOCK (C) STATION (Wellington district) ; occupier, Aarons, 
Joseph, jun.; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31 12s. 

GLENGARIFF BLOCK (D) STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Aarons, 
Joseph, jun.; area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31 12s. 

GLENGARIFF BLOCK (E) STATION (Warrego district); occupier, Wilson, 
David ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31 12s. 

GLENGARIFF BLOCK (F) STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Wilson, 
David ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31 12s. 

GLENGARIFF BLOCK (G) STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Wilson, 
David ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31 12s. 



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GLENGARIFF BLOCK (H) STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Wilson, 
David ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31 12s. 

GLENGARRY CREEK (Co. Georgiana) is a branch or mouth of the Mul- 
gowrie creek, falling into the Lachlan river. 

GLEN INNES, 29° 45' S. lat., 151° 40' E. long. {Go. Gough), is a postal town- 
ship in the electoral district of Tenterfield and police district of Wellingrove. It is 
situated on the Rocky ponds, the Furrucabad creek being 1 \ mile W. from the town- 
ship, the Beardy creek 2| miles E., and Mann's river (Eastern water), 7 miles E. ; 
Ben Lomond, a remarkable mountain, and the highest part of New England, stands 
about 20 miles S. ; and mount Mitchell, 22 miles S. and S. E. , near the Oban diggings. 
There is a steam flour mill (Henderson's) in the township, which is in an agricultural 
and pastoral district, chiefly the latter. A gold field, known as Glen Elgin, gives fair 
average retorns. It is within 20 miles E. of the town, and is situated on one of the 
branches flowing into the Mitchell river. The nearest places to Glen Innes, are, 
Wellingrove, 12 miles W. ; Inverell, 40 miles in the same direction ; Severn, or Dun- 
dee, 16 miles ; and Deepwater, 28 miles N., both on the great North road ; Ashford, 
65 miles N. W. ; and Stonehenge, 8 miles S. With these places the communication is 
by horse, dray, or hired vehicle only, the mails being carried on horseback twice or 
thrice a week. With Sydney, 363 miles S.S.E., the communication is by mail coach 
from Armidale to Singleton, thence to Newcastle by mail, and thence by steamer, or 
by horse along the Newton Boyd line of road, now under survey (90 miles) to 
Grafton, and thence by steamer, the latter being the shorter route. There are no 
hospitals or benevolent asylums nearer than Armidale, and the establishment of one 
would be a great boon to the district. The hotels are the Telegraph (Regan's), and 
the Glen Innes (M'Killop's). There is no coach or carrying office in the township, as 
no coaches run to it ; but the establishment of a line of coaches between Armidale 
and Tenterfield, a distance of 120 miles, passing through Glen Innes for the 
conveyance of mails and passengers, has long been a felt want. Glen Innes 
has a post office, a telegraph station, a land office, a police office and barrack, 
and a court house, where the district court and petty sessions are held. There 
are branches of the European and United insurance companies in the township. The 
surrounding country is partly elevated and mountainous, and partly low and flat, 
with plains here and there all over the district. The plains are generally Avell grassed 
and lightly timbered, and the mountains thickly scrubbed and heavily wooded. The 
geological formation consists of trap rocks generally, with deep, dark alluvial soil, 
and occasional rocky ridges to the S. W. The population numbers about 350 persons. 

GLEN INNES STATION (New England district) ; occupiers, Dumaresq, B., and 
Mclnnes ; area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Glen Innes. The old charges were £80 ; the recently appraised rental is £100. 

GLENKEN STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Sloane and Spiro ; 
estimated area, 30,360 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £61 17s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £75. 

GLENLEE {Go. Cumberland) is a tract of splendid agricultural land, mostly 
taken up in the Glenlee estate, near Campbelltown. It is celebrated for the excel- 
lence of the butter manufactured there. Sandstone. v 

GLEN LOGAN (Go. Bathurst) is a small agricultural settlement, lying about 10 
miles W. of the township of Cowra. Sandstone and slate. 

GLENMORE {Go. Cumberland) is a deep gully, lying between Paddington on 
the S., and the new South Head road on the N., on the E. side of the city of Sydney. 
It is to a certain extent swampy, and contains a large lagoon of good water. The 
Glenmore distillery, now used as a tannery (Begg's), is situated in this gully, through 
which flows the Glenmore creek. Sandstone. 

GLENMORE CREEK (Co. Cumberland) is a small tributary of the Rush- 
cutter's creek, rising in upper Paddington, and flowing N.W. past the Glenmore 
tannery (Begg's), formerly the Glenmore distillery. Sandstone. 

GLENM0RRIS0N STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Scott, James ; 
area, 34,560 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The old charges were £60 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £112. 

Q 



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[Gle — Glo 



GLENNIE'S CREEK (Co. Durham). See Camberwell. 

GLEN QUIN STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Quinn, Patrick ; 
area, 13,440 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £40. 

GLEN HIGH STATION ( Clarence district) ; occupier, executors of Ingelow, 
G. K. ; area, 38,400 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. Charges, £51 10s. 6d. 

GLENR0CK CREEK {Co. Argyle) is a stream of fine clear water, flowing 
near the township of Marulan. The geological formation is porphyritic, supporting 
masses of conglomerate and sandstone, which have hardened at the places of contact. 
There are ridges of limestone passing into statuary marble, white and crystalline when 
it comes into contact with slate, having quartzite and thick bands of ironstone. 

GLENR0CK STATION {New England district) ; occupier, uncertain ; area, 
4000 acres ; grazing capability, uncertain. 

GLENR0Y ( Co. Westmoreland) is an agricultural settlement, lying on the road 
between Hartley and Bindo flat. Sandstone. 

GLENR0Y STATION [Monaro district) ; occupier, Ryan, J. ; area, 11,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 3500 sheep. Charges, £66 17s. 6d. 

GLENR0Y STATION {JIurrumhidgee district) ; occupiers, Craven and McAu- 
iiffe ; estimated area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. The old charges 
were £50 ; the recently appraised rental is £90. 

GLENRUGI STATION {Clarence district) ; occupier, Devlin, James, sen. ; 
area, 28,800 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. Charges, £51 10s. 6d. 

GLEN UGrlE CREEK (Co. Clarence ) is a small W. tributary of the Coldstream 
river, iiowing through good agricultural land. Sandstone. 

GLEN WILLIAM (Co. Durham) is an agricultural settlement, lying on the 
William's river, about 5 miles distant from Clarence town. Sandstone and shale. 

GLOUCESTER, 32° 2" S. lat., 151° 48' E. long. {Co. Gloucester), is 
a small postal town, in the electoral district of the Williams, and police district 
of port Stephens. It is situated on the Gloucester river, about 2 miles above 
the junction of the Barrington river and Avon creek, and 20 miles above 
the Manning river. There is no mill or manufactory nearer than Stroud, a 
distance of 30 miles. The greater portion of the district is taken up as pas- 
toral country, although some of the flats on the river banks are under cul- 
tivation. The nearest places are Stroud, 30 miles S. ; Tinonee, 35 miles E. ; 
and Walcha, od . the New England road, 100 miles N.N.W. With Stroud there 
is communication by two-horse coach, and with Sydney, 150 miles S.S.E., by coach 
to Raymond terrace via Stroud, and thence by steamer. There is 1 hotel, the Glou- 
cester, in the township. The surrounding country is generally mountainous, with 
many large alluvial flats of good land. The geological formation is sandstone. The 
population numbers about 30 persons. 

GLOUCESTER is a county, bounded on the S. and W. by the river Hunter 
(inclusive of the islands therein) to its confluence with the William's river ; thence 
on the S.W. by the William's river to its source, and thence by the mount Royal 
range, bounding the county of Durham, to the principal source of the Manning river ; 
on the N. by the Manning river to Farquhar inlet ; and on the E. by the sea coast 
This county is 80 miles in length from N. to S. , and 65 in breadth from E. to W. , 
and contains 1,375,200 acres, of which 176,091 acres are unsold church and school 
land. The number of freehold landholders in this county is 371, and of leaseholders 
216. The extent of land in cultivation is 11,061^ acres : under wheat there are 
15374 acres ; under maize, 6974^ acres ; under barley, 145^ acres ; under oats, 198^ 
acres ; under tobacco, 1194 acres ; and under vine, 102 acres. The Australian Agri- 
cultural company have 437, 102 acres of land, under a Crown grant, in this county. 
There are 2 coal fields — the Tomago and Cardiff, on Lake Macquarie/ The live stock 
is as follows : — Horses, 6825 ; horned cattle, 44,214 ; sheep, 4165 ; and pigs, 6671. 
The principal towns aie Stroud, Raymond terrace, and Tinonee. 

GLOUCESTER RIVER [Co. Gloucester) is a fine S. tributary of the Manning 
river, rising in mount Allyn, and flowing through rugged agricultural country into 



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227 



the main stream, about 16 miles N. of Gloucester township, which is situated on its 
banks. It is fed by the Barrington, Berico, Cathill, and Macarthur creeks. Sand- 
stone. 

GOANGRA RETRO STATION {Liverpool plains district) • occupiers, Cox, R 
W. and J. C. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The 
nearest post town is Walgett. Charges, £21. 

GOANGRA RETRO (E) STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Cox, 
R. W. and J. C ; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The 
nearest post town is Walgett. Charges, £21. 

GOANGRA RETRO (W) STATION {Liverpool plains district); occupiers, Cox, 
R. W. and J. C. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The 
nearest post town is Walgett. Charges, £20 10s. 

GOAT ISLAND (native name Memel) {Co. Cumberland) is a small rocky 
island, about \ of a mile in length, lying in port Jackson, opposite the mouth of 
Waterview bay, and a little over 1 mile N.W. from the post office, Sydney, in a 
straight line. It is used by the government as a powder magazine, the various places 
for storing the powder being built in the rock of which the island is composed, and 
at the N.E. end, which is separated from the rest of the island by a broad "trench cut 
to below low water mark, in the solid rock. On this island is also a water police 
station. 

G0AWIN, THE STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, Waif ord and Sparke ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31. 

G0BABLA BACK STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Ryrie and Alex- 
ander ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £3]. 

GOB A CREEK {Co. Monteagle) is a small W. tributary of the Boorowa river. 
Slate and limestone. 

G0BA CREEK STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Allen and Hancock • 
area, 9600 acres ; grazing capability, 350 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Condobolin. The old charges were £26 8s. 2d. ; the recently appraised rental is £37. 

G0BAG0MLIN STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Mort, Cameron, and 
Buchanan ; area, 19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 1600 head of cattle. Charges 
£100. 

G0BBERAL0NG STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Crowe and Cawberry; 
area, 7680 acres ; grazing capability, 200 head of cattle. The old charges were £33/ 
8s. 9d. ; the recently appraised rental is £23. 

GOBERAGANDARA STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Atkinson, 
W. ; area, 54,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

GOCTJP {Co. Buccleugh) is a small agricultural settlement, lying near Tumut' 
P. Harper and J. B. M 'Gregor have taken up 80 acres here for the cultivation of to- 
bacco. Metamorphic slate and trap rock. 

GODFREY'S CREEK {Co. Monteagle) is one of the streams rising in the hills E. 
of the township of Wambanumba, which, with the Mountain Hut creek, forms the 
Cookoomingala creek. 

GOGELDRIC, N., STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Tooth, Edwin; area, - 
147,200 acres ; grazing capability, 2200 head of cattle. Charges, £10. 

G0GELDRIE STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Dallas, John ; estimated 
area, 152,600 acres ; grazing capability, 2200 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£135 12s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £400. 

GO, GURRILLY STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Forrester, George ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £35. 

G0IMBLA STATION ( Wellington district^; occupier, Richardson, A. H.; esti- 
mated area, 12,800 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £62. 

G0JAZRICK STATION {Monaro district); occupier, Weston, Mrs. Blanche: 
area, 38,400 acres. Charges, £120. 



228 



GOLAGONG STATION {Lachlan district) ■ occupiers, West, J. T. M., jun., and 
J.; estimated area, 10,880 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £20. 

G0LDSB0R0UGH and PARKER STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier 
unknown ; estimated area, 70,400 acres ; grazing capability, uncertain. The old 
charges were £70 ; the recently appraised rental is £240. 

GOLDEN GULLY {Co. Wellington) is an auriferous gully on the Tambaroora 
diggings, situated at the heads of the Tambaroora and Bald hill creeks, about 20 
miles N.W. of Sofala, and the same distance N.E. of Ophir. This was at one time a 
diggings worthy its name ; for an almost fabulous amount of gold was turned out of 
this little gully, and many of the older miners are still loth to leave it, believing that 
there is much gold still left in the un worked parts of the ground. Part of this gully 
is known as Samuel's flat, and near this place is a neat church of England and a 
National school, for the convenience of the diggers in the whole neighbourhood. 
There are about 150 dwellings on these diggings, some of them of brick, and near 
the road which passes through the gully is a crushing machine (belonging to the 
Victoria company), of 10-horse power, and having 4 stampers, of 6 cwt. each, with a 
Chilian mill and basin. There is a court house and gold commissioner's quarters, 
both much in need of repair, and the bridge over the creek is considered exceedingly 
unsafe for vehicles. The geological formation is metamorphic slate, with many 
quartz reefs. 

GOLDEN POINT {Co. Roxburgh) is a spot on the Turon river, lying about \ a 
mile E. of Sofala. Metamorphic slate. 

G0LGALA0R STATION {Darling district) ; occupiers, Sloane, Spiro, and 
Jeffrey; area, 65, 280 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, .£60 16s. 

GOLD FIELDS, NORTH. See Northern Gold Fields. 

GOLD FIELDS, SOUTH. See Southern Gold Fields. 

GOLD FIELDS, WEST. See Western Gold Fields. 

G0LG0L CREEK {Co Taila, Darling district) is a watercourse, flowing from 
mount Golgol in a S.W. direction, through pastoral country, covered with dense 
myall scrub, into the Murray river near the village of Colwang. The geological 
formation of the country through which it flows is older pliocene tertiary. 

GOLGOL MOUNT ( Co Wentworth) is a range of low hills, lying to the N. of 
the dense mallee scrub country N. of Euston. Schist. 

G0LGILLAN STATION {Lachlan district) • occupiers, Crowe and Crawberry ; 
area, 5200 acres ; grazing capability, 200 head of cattle. The old charges were £19 Is. 
6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £20. 

G0NG0LG0N No. 1 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Bloxham, Henry 

D. ; area, 19, 500 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £80. 

G0NG0LG0N No. 2 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Bloxham, Henry 
D. ; area, 40,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1200 head of cattle. Charges, £90. There 
is a post office at this station, which is situated 80 miles S. E. of Bourke, 30 miles S. 
of Fishery, and 82 mdes N. W. of Cannonbar, to which place there is a coach runs once 
a week, en route for Sydney, 430 miles S. E. 

G0NN STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, De Sailly and Francis ; area, 
53,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 15s. 

G0N0WLIA (or Middle Billabong) CREEK {Co. Franklin, Lachlan district) 
is a tributary of the Lachlan river, flowing from the W. of the lower part of that 
stream, through indifferent pastoral land, liable to great droughts and sudden floods. 
The country is sandy, poorly grassed, almost destitute of water, and intersected with 
belts of myall scrub. The squatters in the district have, however, at great expense, 
rendered much of it available by damming up the watercourses, constructing artificial 
pools, and sinking deep wells. The geological formation is silurian and pliocene ter- 
tiary, with alluvial deposit on the banks of the creek, and in the surrounding low lands. 

G00ANDRA CREEK ( Co. Wcdlace) is a small tributary of the Gangangar creek, 
flowing N.W. from the scrubby forest hills N. of Kiandra. Granite. 



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229 



GOOBANG CREEK (Co. Ashburnham) is a fine N. tributary of the Lachlan river, 
rising in mount Warrobil, and flowing S. W. through the rough pastoral country to the 
N. of the Lachlan gold fields, across the Brolgon plains, into the main stream at Con- 
dobolin. If is fed in its course by the Back, Billabong, Magincoble, and Brolgon 
creeks. The geological formation of the country through which it flows is lower palaeo- 
zoic, with occasional shale and alluvial drift. At the lower end is much fluviatile 
deposit. 

GOOBURRAGANDRA CREEK (Co. Buccleugh) is a fine stream, rising in 
Peppercorn hill, and flowing N.W., past the N. of the Blowering range, into the 
Tumut river, about 4 miles S. of Tumut. It is fed by the Waterfall creek, and has a 
course through most precipitous, and, in many cases, inaccessible country, subject to 
deep snow falls. The lower end of the river, in the parish of Mundorgo, has some good 
ground under cultivation, the land of T. Mara, A. M. Shelly, J. H. Rose, and some 
others, being upon it. 

GOOCUP STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Hughes and Macgregor ; 
estimated area, 17,250 acres ; grazing capability, uncertain. See also Gocup. The 
old charges were £60 ; the recently appraised rental is £10. 

GOOD DOG- MOUNT (Co. Camden) is a peak of the Cambewarra range, over- 
hanging the township of Cambewarra . It contains a seam of stone and coal 2 feet 4 inches 
deep, and lower down another seam 20 feet deep, 5 feet of which are visible. The 
coal is very hard, and is apparently anthracite. It is difficult to work, on account of 
its numerous partings. The lower portion is, probably, of great commercial value. 

GOOD DOG (or Cambewarra) ( Co. Camden) is the name of the private township 
of A. Berry, Esq. , on the Illawarra estate. It lies on the E. slope of the Cambewarra 
range. Attempts have been made for a considerable time back to form the disbrict 
into a municipality, but, owing to some informahty in the proceedings, the matter, 
which was referred to the judges in England, has been decided against the corporation. 

GOOD-GOOD RIVER (or Berudba) (Monaro district) is a fine stream, flowing in 
the rugged country in the S. part of this district. The geological formation is silurian, 
with dykes of hard grey hornblende, porphyry intruding amongst the slate. 

GOOD-GOOD STATION (Monaro district) ; occupiers, Thurban and Parker ; 
area, 15,000 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Charges, £35. 

GOODRADIGBEE RIVER ( Cos. Cowley and Buccleuch) is a large and important 
stream, which rises in the W. slope of mount Murray, and flows N. about 70 miles 
through diversified pastoral country into the Murrumbidgee river, in the W. part of 
the Yass plains. This river forms the boundary between the two counties which it 
waters, Cowley being on the E. , and Buccleugh on the W. It is fed by numerous 
streams, the principal of which are. the Peppercorn, Sandy flat, Flea, Limestone, 
Micalong, Weejasper, Cookbundoon, Sugar Loaf, and Native Dog creeks. The lower 
part of the river crosses the road from Yass to Kiandra, about 30 miles S.W. of the 
former jnace. There is but little agricultural land on this river, which flows princi- 
pally through precipitous rugged country, the tops of the mountains being covered 
with snow for many months of the year. At the mouth of the river, however, is a 
block of land of 2560 acres, taken up by W. H. Dutton, much of which is available 
for cultivation. This river drains an area of 550 square miles ; it flows, after its first 
collection of water, through a cavernous underground channel, for some distance. 
With reference to the country through which the Goodradigbee flows, the Rev. W. B. 
Clarke says as follows : — " The extent of limestone covers from 30 to 40 square miles, 
being at a great height, and generally in winter covered with snow. It forms exten- 
sive cliffs, vertically stratified, and abounding in caverns. The perpendicular cliffs 
are from 80 to 100 feet in height, sometimes perfectly smooth, sometimes fissured in 
every possible direction. It is through these lofty and pinnacled cliffs that the 
Goodradigbee passes, having a breadth of not more than 30 feet, in places, and over- 
hanging cliffs of at least 100 feet. A small river here passes under a natural arch of 
granitic porphyry, and, after a junction with a second, at a small basin of about 18 
yards in circumference, descends into the earth through a very small orifice. One of 
the caverns in this vicinity was entered by Mr. Murray, who found it filled with bril- 
liant stalactites ; for more than a quarter of a mile, the cavern exhibited abundant 
evidence of large bodies oi water having passed through it, and the floor was strewn 



230 



The New South W ales Gazetteer. 



[Goo 



with wateiworn pebbles. In a mass of stalactite, from this spot, I found a bat's bead, 
in perfect preservation. The other branch of the Gooclradigbee also issues from the 
bottom of a limestone cliff, passing into a pool. E. of this pool, the rock is composed 
of highly crystalline white marble, a connected mass of crystals of carbonate of lime, 
many of them extremely well developed and striated on their planes. The crystals 
are white, and their external surfaces worn so as to exhibit the striation on the rock ; 
originally these were due, perhaps, to fossils. This kind of rock continues for about 
2 miles W., it gradually changes to a grey and light grey limestone, with occasional 
A*eins of calcspar, and containing corals and bivalves of the former — Favositis Goth- 
landica is most prominent. The crystalline character and arrangement of the lime- 
stone on the E. side of the plain, and its nearly total want of fossils (for I have only 
detected a slight appearance of some crinoid) points to metamorphic agency, the origin 
of which may be found in the porphyritic rocks with which the marble is in contact, 
and which are the same as those in similar position at Molonglo." 

GOODWOOD ISLAND Co. Clarence). See Harwood Islands. 

G00LA-G00LA STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Cope, Joseph ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32. 

G00LMA CREEK ( Co. BJigh) is a N. tributary of the Cudgegong river, flowing 
into that river at the crossing of the Mudgee and Wellington road. Metamorphic. 

G00LMUNGAH CREEK {Co. Rous) is a small tributary of the N, arm of the 
Richmond river, flowing into it 9 miles N.W. of Lismore, through scrubby but good 
agricultural land. Silurian sandstone. 

G00MBARGANA STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Hamilton, 
William ; area, 34,220 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £60 ; the recently appraised rental is £166 13s. 

G00NIMUR LAKE ( Co. Wakool). See Coomarooy Lakes. 

G00NALGAA STATION (Albert district); occupier, Smith, Joseph; area, 
54,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

G00NEL (or Meeoe) STATION (Gw yd ir district) ; occupiers, Watt, J. B., and 
Young, J. ; area, 384,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were 
£40 ; the recently appraised rental is £144. 

G00NERRY STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Dowling, Vincent ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 10s. 

G00NGALUGA {Co. Roxburgh) is a peak in a small spur of the Blue mountain 
range, lying on the S. bank of the Cudgegong river, and about 12 miles E.S.E. of 
Dabee. Sandstone. 

GOONOO-GOONOO, 31° 18' S. lat., 150° 58' E. long. (Co. Parry), is a 
post office, and the head station of the Peel River Land and Mineral company, 
in the police district of Tamworth, electoral district of Liverpool plains, and 
pastoral district of Liverpool plains. It is situated on the Goonoo-Goonoo- 
creek, near the Peel river, and is a pastoral establishment, having a gold 
mining district on the Peel river. Tamworth lies 15 miles N., Wallabadah 18 miles 
S., Currabubula 12 miles W., and Nundle E.S.E. 20 miles. With the two first-named 
places there is communication by mail coach daily, and with the two latter, by horse 
or dray only. With Sydney, 235 miles S.E., the communication is by coach to Single- 
ton, thence by rail to Newcastle, and thence by steamer. There is a church of Eng- 
land school, a post office, a store, and an accommodation house for travellers at 
Goonoo-Goonoo. The population numbers about 40 persons. The surrounding coim- 
try is undulating, and is occupied for the depasturage of a flock of 80,000 sheep and 
4000 cattle, the property of the Peel River company. It is elevated about 1450 feet 
above the level of the sea, and the geological formation consists chiefly of the lower 
coal measures. Gold mining is carried on extensively on the Peel river and Hanging- 
Rock gold fields, distant in an E. and S.E. direction from 18 to 26 miles. 

GOONOO-GOONOO CREEK {Co. Parry) is a S. tributary of the Peel river, 
rising near the township of Goonoo-Goonoo, and flowing N. along the E. side of the 
Wallabadah and Tamworth road, into the Peel at the latter place. Upper and middle 
palaeozoic. 



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231 



G00N00 BACK RUN STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, Loder and 
Capp ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £35. 

G00N00, N., STATION (Warrego district); occupier, Loder, George; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £80. 

G00N00, S. , STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Loder, George ; estimated 
area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £107 10s. 

G00N00 STATION { Wellington district) ; occupier, Hyeronimus, Nicholas ; 
area, 30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £61 17s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £52. 

GOONTJL BRANCH (Co. Courallie, Gwydir district) is a watercourse, flowing 
through swampy pastoral country into the Goonul swamp. It conducts the over- 
flow of the Gwydir river in flood seasons into that swamp. Granite, with fluviatile 
deposit. 

GOONTJL SWAMP (Co. Courallie) is a large tract of marshy country, formed by 
the expansion of the Goonul and Gangan branches of the Gwydir river. In the wet 
season it forms an extensive lagoon, and in summer is covered with reeds and salso- 
laceous plants. Alluvial. 

G00NTJMBLA HILL (Co. Narromine) is a high detached mountain, lying at 
the head of the Cookopie ponds. Granite. 

G0QRANG00LA CREEK (Co. Durham) is a small tributary of the Fal brook, 
fed by Campbell's creek. Sandstone and clay slate. 

G00RANG00R CREEK (Co. Wellington) is a N. auriferous tributary of the 
Meroo creek, rising in mount Mugger bil, and flowing S.E. through the Meroo gold 
fields. Metamorphic. 

G00RANG00REE MOUNT (Co. Wellington) is a peak in the Stony creek 
range, on the E. bank of the Bell river, lying about 3 miles W. of the Ironbark 
diggings. Metamorphic slate and granite. 

G00RAWAY STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, Glass and Corrigan ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31. 

GOORUDEE RIVULET (Co. Wallace) is a small S. tributary of the Murrain- 
bidgee river, rising in the low hills to the N.E. of the township of Denison, and 
flowing E. through rugged scrubby forest country, interspersed with swamps. The 
general geological formation of the country through which it flows is granitic, with 
tertiary drift. There are several patches of good agricultural land on this creek, one 
of 161 acres 1 perch being taken up by J. Chippendale. 

G00R0M0N PONDS (Co. Murray), a series of water holes, connected only in 
wet weather, the overflow of which falls into the Gininginindery creek. These 
waterholes supply the pastoral country between Queanbeyan and Yass. 

G00R00MYRAG0NG STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, McDon- 
nell, George ; area, 4000 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. Charges, £34 10s. 

GOOR'S CREEK (Co. Jamison, Liverpool plains district). See Bullewa Creek. 

GOORUDEE RIVULET (Co. Wcdlace) is a small E. tributary of the Eucumbene 
river, rising in a swampy flat near Bolaira, and flowing W. about 16 miles. Limestone 
and trap rock. . 

G0RALYANBETH STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Morris, John ; 
area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £32 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £50. 

GORDON BROOK STATION (Clarence district) ; occupiers, Bundock, Barnett, 
and Smith ; area, 37,000 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. Charges, £80. 

GORDON is a county in the pastoral district of Wellington. It contains 12,372 
acres of alienated land and 723,528 acres of unalienated. Its present boundaries, 
however, are open to modification. 

GORDON'S BAY (Co. Cumberland) is a small indentation in the cliffs on the 
coast, lying about 5| miles S. of the entrance to port Jackson. It has a low sandy 



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beacli at its head, which is sheltered in ordinary weather from the ground swell, and 
renders it useful as a boat harbour. Sandstone. 

GORDON'S CREEK (Co. Richmond) is a small E. tributary of the Clarence 
river, flowing through scrubby pastoral country. It is fed by Hassan's creek. Sand- 
stone. 

GORE COVE (Co. Cumberland) is a small bay, forming the W. part of Ball's 
Head bay. The proposed township of Greenwich lies on the W. side of this bay. 
Sandstone. 

GOREE CREEK [Co. Coivley). See Pabral Creek. 

GOREE STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Peter, John ; area, 
25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £40 ; new appraisement, 
£180. 

G0RIAGELLA STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Humphries, 
S. H. ; estimated area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old. 
charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £31 15s. 

G0RIAN STATION (Liverpool' plains district) ; occupier, Pearce, J. ; estimated 
area, 70,400 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Walgett. The old charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £225. 

G0RIAR, S., STATION (Llveroool plains district) ; occupier, Pearce, J. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Walgett. Charges, £30. 

GORMAN'S HILL STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Lee, William, junr. ; 
area, 23,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Condo- 
bolin. Charges, £30. 

GORMAN'S HILL, N., STATION (Lachlan district); occupiers, O'Sullivan, 

D. and S. ; area, 23,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Condobolin. Charges, £30. 

GORMAN'S HILL, W., STATION (Lachlan district); occupier, Stone, 
Thomas ; area, 17,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Condobolin. Charges, £30. 

GORM STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Capel, John ; estimated 
area, 51,200 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £92 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £215. 

G0R0TH0NG STATION (Wellington district) See Tirinee. 

GORRIE'S PLAT ( Co. Wellington) is a small gold workings (alluvial and quartz) 
forming part of the Meroo gold field, and lying to the S. of the township of Avis- 
ford. Metamorphic slate. 

GQRROTHA WEST STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupiers, Bucknell, C. W., 
A. W., and F. N. ; area, 22,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. 
Charges, £30. 

GORUNGUWA MOUNT (Co. Bllgh) is a peak in the scrubby ranges lying 
N. W. of the confluence of the Macquarie and Cudgegong rivers. Metamorphic slate 
and granite. 

GOSFORD, W. and E., (Co. Cumberland, North) is the name given to two small 
townships, of which W. Gosf ord is the postal place. They are in the parish of Gosford, 
electoral district of Northumberland, and police district of Brisbane Water, and are 
situated on a magnificent and exceedingly romantic inlet of the sea from Broken bay, 
called the Broadwater, near the confluence of the Narrara creek, down which coasting 
vessels pass freighted with timber, which, with oranges, apples, pears, and other 
produce, is the chief article of export from the district. Tuggerah lake lies about 9 
miles in a N. direction, and abounds with almost every land of fish. There is a steam 
saw mill about 5 miles distant from Gosford, employing a large amount of labour. 

E. and W. Gosford are about a mile apart, the former has a church and a Denomina- 
tional school, and the latter a post and money order office, a National school, and a 
pettjr sessions court. With Sydney, 35 miles S., the communication is by steamer 
each alternate week, by sailing vessels, and by the mail road, via Peek's ferry over 



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the Hawkesbury, on horseback, 60 miles, and a bad road. The hotels in W. Gosford 
is the Uncle Tom's Cabin, and in E. Gosford the Sawyers' Arms and the Sportsman's 
Arms. The roads are under the control of a local board. The surrounding country 
is undulating and of carbonaceous and ferruginous sandstone formation. The popu- 
lation of W. Gosford is 138, and of E. Gosford 145 persons. 

G0SF0KTH {Co. Northumberland) is a small agricultural settlement, lying on 
the N. road, 10 miles distant from Maitland. 

GOSLING CREEK {Co. Bathurst) is a W. tributary of the Frederick's valley 
creek, rising in the E. slopes of the Canobolas mountains, and flowing E. through 
Gosling's, Wentworth's, Moulder's, and Bett's land, into the main stream near the 
crossing of the Bathurst and Orange road. Sandstone and schist. 

GOSTWYCH STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Dangar, Henry, 
area, 50,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle and 20,000 sheep. Charges, 
£240. 

G0THA STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Gravin, R. , Caldwin ; 
estimated area, 24,320 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The old charges were 
£40 ; the recently appraised rental is £95. 

GOTTA BOCK STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Lawson, Nelson ; estimated 
area, 9600 acres; grazing capability, 15,000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £45. 

GOUGH is a county in the pastoral district of New England. It contains 
14,404 acres of alienated land, and 1,019,203 acres unalienated. Its present bounda- 
ries, however, are open to modification. 

GOULBURN, 34° 45' 8" S. lat., 149° 44 48" E. long. {Co. Argyle), is an episco- 
pal city, the bishopric having been recently formed, under the name of the diocese of 
Goulburn. It is in the parish of Goulburn, and is the centre of the police district of 
Goulburn, and forms, with its suburbs, an electoral district of itself. Goulburn is an 
assize town, the chief place in the S. district, and one of the most important town- 
ships in the colony. It is situated near an angle formed by the junction of the Mul- 
waree chain of ponds and the Wollondilly river, lakes George and Bathurst lying res- 
pectively, and each about 25 miles distant. There are 2 steam flour mills, and 1 steam 
tannery in the place, 2 newspapers (the Herald, established in 1848, and the Argus, 
established in 1864) ; the former is printed by steam, and both papers are well con- 
ducted, and have a large circulation in the surrounding district. There are also 
police, petty sessions, district, small debts, and assize courts, a gaol, post, and money 
order office, and telegraph station, alsoHbranches of the Commercial, City, Savings, Aus- 
tralian Joint Stock, and New South Wales banks, and the London and Lancashire, 
European, Imperial, Victoria, Colonial, United, Sydney, Northern, Liverpool and Lon- 
don and Globe, and Australian Mutual Provident Insurance companies. Goulburn has a 
Masonic lodge (Goulburn lodge 577 E. C. ), and 2 Odd Fellow's lodges (Strangers' Friend 
lodge 4328, and Victoria lodge 28). The nearest places are Marulan, 18 miles E. ; 
Bungonia, 16^ miles S.E. ; Collector, 20 miles S.W. ; Gunning, 30 miles W. ; Taralga, 
30 miles S. ; and Braidwood, Queanbeyan, and Yass, each about 60 miles distant. 
Coaches run daily to Marulan, Braidwood, Gunning and Yass, 5 times a week to 
Queanbeyan, and thrice a week to Collector. Horse mails also carry letters to other 
small places in the neighbourhood. With Sydney, 128 miles N.E., the communication 
is by Cobb's four-horse coach to Picton, and thence by rail. The mail to Braidwood 
is by two-horse coach to Boro, 25 miles, and then by buggy, 33 miles, through a fine 
agricultural country, taken up by about 600 settlers, who are employed chiefly in the 
cultivation of wheat. Goulburn has a fine hospital, supported in part by government 
and partly by private contribution, the buildings and grounds occupy 2| acres. The 
buildings are quadrangular in form, so as to include 1 ward for males, to hold 14 beds; 
1 ward for females, to hold 8 beds ; and 2 small wards for accidents, &c, to hold 6 
beds; and superintendent's apartments, kitchen, laundry, store, dispensary, and 
paved yards. There is a mechanics' institute in the town, with a fine large lecture 
room and a good library. The gaol is a large brick building, 120 feet long by 50 feet 
wide, the outer brick wall being 16 feet in altitude, and the principal building 3 sto- 
ries high. Goulburn lies at the N. end of an extensive plain, and is well laid out, the 
main streets being wide, and running E. and W. , with cross streets at right angles. 
Many of the latter are, however, unformed, and the footways unmade, so that they 



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[Gou 



are bad in wet weather. The houses are generally substantially built, and there are 
numerous fine and well stocked shops. The principal hotels are Mendelson's, the 
Royal, the Commercial, and the Salutation, and some two dozen smaller ones, and 
public houses. Cobb and Co. hare a coach office, and Fox and Co. a van office, in the 
town. Goulburn was formerly under the control of a municipal council, proclaimed 
4th June, 1859, but it was discovered to have been illegally constituted, and conse- 
quently no further elections were held. The last census showed a population of 3241 
persons, as that of the electoral district (comprising the city and suburbs. ) Goulburn 
lies on the proposed line for the Great Southern railway, it being intended to establish 
a station there. The geological formation of the surrounding district is sandstone, 
trap rock, slate, and limestone. Copper is obtained at Lockyersleigh, in the neigh- 
bourhood, and gold at various places in the district. The quantity of gold received 
by escort from the Goulburn gold fields, during the year 1864, was 4056 ozs., which, 
at £3 17s. 6d. per oz., was of the total value of £15,717 17s. lOd. During the year 
1864 were sold 5 miner's and business licenses. Goulburn lies at a height of 2129 feet 
above sea level, the mean shade temp., 55° ; mean max. shade, 67 3 ; mean min. shade, 
43°. The depth of rain is 23 inches. 

The Goulburn electoral district embraces the town and suburbs of Goulburn, in 
the county of Argyle ; commencing at the point where the E. boundary of Francis 
Rossi's grant of 2560 acres, called Rossiville, meets the Wollondilly river, and is 
bounded thence, on the W. , by that boundary, S. , and by its continuation to the 
N.W. corner of C. Thompson's 200 acres, and thence by the W. boundary of that 200 
acres ; on the S. by the S. boundary of Thompson's 200 acres to the Mulwaree ponds, 
and by the Mulwaree ponds, downward, to the N. boundary line of J. Thorn's 410 
acres, by that boundary, E., to W. Bradley's 2000 acres, and by the 1ST. boundaries of 
that 2000 acres to the S.E. corner of the Goulburn reseiwe ; on the E. by the E. 
boundary of that reserve, which forms a W. boundary of Bradley's 2000 acres, and the 
W. boundaries of James Marsden's 55 acres 2 roods and 30 perches, and William Sid- 
well's 86 acres and 57^ acres ; and on the N. by the N. boundary of the reserve, which 
forms the N. boundary of J. J. Woodward's 11 acres and 32 perches, W., to the Wol- 
londilly river, and by the Wollondilly river, upwards, to the E. boundary of Rossi's 
2560 acres, aforesaid. The electorate returns 1 member to the Legislative Assembly, 
the present representative being M. Alexander, Esq. The number of registered 
electors in this district is 681, of whom 460 voted at the last general election, 1864 — ■ 
1865. 

Goulburn is a police district, embracing the county of Argyle, and the S. portions 
of the counties of Georgiana and Westmoreland ; and bounded on the N. , from the 
confluence of Murrain or Settler's creek with the Wollondilly river, by that creek to 
its head at mount Murrain, by the range thence to the main head of the Abercrombie 
river, E. of mount Werong, and by the Abercrombie river, downwards, to the con- 
fluence of the Bolong river ; thence, on the W. , by the range forming the W. water- 
shed of the Bolong river, and dividing its waters from those of Cook's Vale creek, and 
the range dividing the waters of the Abercrombie and Crookwell rivers, to a source of 
Kangaloola creek, at the village reserve, and by that creek to its confluence with the 
Crookwell river, by the Crookwell river to its source, and by the range dividing the 
E. and W. waters and the Cullarin range to lake George ; on the S. by lake George 
to the village reserve at Kenny's ; thence by a small gully descending to the lake, to 
the Alianoyonyiga mountain, and by the ridge thence, extending S.E., to mount Wol- 
lowolar, and thence by Boro creek to the Shoalhaven river ; on the E. by the Shoal- 
haven river, downwards, to the confluence of Barber's creek, thence by Barber's 
creek to its source, and by a line bearing N.E. to Uringalla creek, and by that creek, 
Paddy's river, and the Wollondilly river, downwards, to the confluence of Murrain 
or Settler's creek, aforesaid. The places of petty sessions are Goulburn, Binda, and 
Collector. 

GOULBURN {Co. Argyle) is an incorporated district, containing an area of 
1,546,634 acres, the council of which consists of 7 members, and its boundaries 
are precisely the same as those of the police district of Goulburn. 

GOULBURN is a county lying on the N. bank of the Murray river, which 
separates it from Victoria. It lies S. of Wynyard co. , W. of Selwyn co. , and E, of 
Hume co. It contains much land suitable for agriculture, particularly for the culti- 
vation of vines and tobacco, both of which are extensively grown. The following 



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235 



parishes are situated in the S.W. portion of the county : — Gerogery, Huon, Yanibla, 
Wyndham, Mullanjandra, Cumboroona, Bowna, Thurgona, Albury, Jindera, Munga- 
barina, the parishes in the remaining part being yet unnamed. It contains 
46,507 acres of alienated land, and 753,602 acres unalienated. Its present 
boundaries, however, are open to modification. The chief town is Albury. 

GOULBTJRN PLAINS (native name Mtjlwaree) (Co. Argyle) is the name given 
to a large tract of fine flat or undulating land in the S. table land lying to the S. of the 
city of Goulbum, and between that place and lake Bathurst. These plains are bounded 
on the W. by the dividing range, and on the E. by the hilly country lying to the W. 
of the Shoalhaven river. Much of the land on the plains is taken up by settlers, who 
cultivate large quantities of wheat, maize, and other produce. These plains lie at an 
elevation of 2000 feet above the level of the sea; they contain about 30,000 acres,, 
naturally clear of trees. 

GOTJLBURN RIVER {Cos. Hunter, Brisbane, Bligh, and Phillip) is a line 
stream rising in mount Moolarben, and flowing in an E. direction through good pasto- 
ral and agricultural country, falls into the Hunter river near the township of Denman. 
It is fed by Munniurra, Wollar, Bow, Bylong, Spring or Keerabbee, Merriwa, W'ybong, 
Baeranu or James's, Gungall or Hall's, Worondi, and Giant's creeks, Widdin brook, 
and Krui river. Ferruginous and carbonaceous sandstone. 

GOUMAMA STATION {Ghtrydvr district) ; occupier, Cheeke Alfred ; area, 
24,960 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old charges, £40 ; the re- 
cently appraised rental is £150. 

GOTJNGRA STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Cox, B. W. and 
J. C. ; estimated area, 44,800 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £50 ; the recently appraised rental is £275. 

GOTTRABLE STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupier, Blake, Andrew ; area, 
51,200 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £240. 

G0UR0CK RANGE [Co. Murray) is a range of lofty mountains, from 3500 to 
4000 feet in height, forming part of the great Dividing range, and running from 
about 35 D to about 36° S. lat., or from the X. part of lake George to the sources of 
the most E. tributaries of the Murrumbidgee river. It runs in a S. direction, and 
increases in height as it advances ; the greatest elevation is Jindulian, which attains 
a height 4300 feet, other peaks being Uranbeen, Tumanwong, Talerang, and Warri. 
The whole range presents a ragged and broken appearance. The geological formation 
is micaceous slate, abutting on granitic spurs, and. connected with these a mass of 
protogenic granite, composed of red felspar, white quartz, greenish chlorite, and a very 
minute portion of mica, passing on the W. side into pegmatite ; also granite in contact 
with white felsparic schistose rock, having quartz disseminated between the lamina?. 
In some places the range is composed of a greenish talcose and saponaceous slate, 
passing into coarse bluish slate, (which might be employed for slabs in roofing), and 
bands of crystalline grey siliceous, and apparently dolomitised, marble, traversing the 
chlorite schist. 

GOV AN STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, De Sailly and Francis ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

GOVERNOR'S HILL {Co. Murray), so called from the fact of Governor 
Macquarie having once dined upon it, is a peak of a W. spur of the Australian Alps, 
situated 6 miles S. of Kenny's point, from which place it has the appearance of an 
immense cone. This mountain attains an elevation of 1300 feet above the bed of lake 
George, near the border of which it stands. The geological formation is granite. 

Also a hill lying to the E. of the township of Goulburn. 

GOVETT'S LEAP {Co. Cool) is a fine cataract on a small tributary creek of the 
head of the Grose river, situated about 3 miles N. of Blackheath and 70 miles W. of 
Sydney. It is named after Mr. Govett, the surveyor, who discovered it, and is 
admirably described by Darwin, in his "Naturalist's Voyage," as follows : — " Very 
early next morning I walked about 3 miles to see Govett's leap — a view of a similar 
character with that near the Weatherboard, but, perhaps, even more stupendous. So 
early in the day the gulph was Ailed with a thin blue haze, which, although destroying 
the general effect of the view, added to the apparent depths at which the forest was 



236 



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4$ 



[Gow — Gra 



stretclied out beneath our feet. These valleys, which so long presented an insuperable 
barrier to the attempts of the most enterprising of the colonists — great arm-like 
bays expand at the upper ends of their branches from the main valleys, and penetrate 
the sandstone platform. On the other hand, the sandstone often sends promontories 
into the valleys, and even leaves in them great, almost insulated masses. To descend 
into some of these valleys it is necessary to go round 20 miles, and into others the 
surveyors have only lately penetrated, and the colonists have not yet been able to 
drive in their cattle. But the most remarkable feature in their structure is, that 
although several miles wide at their head, they generally contract to such a degree at 
their mouths as to become impassable. The surveyor-general, Sir T. Mitchell, endea- 
voured in vain, first walking and then by crawling between the great fragments of sand- 
stone to ascend through the gorge by which the river G-rose joins the Nepean ; yet 
the valley of the Grose in its upper part, as I saw, forms a magnificent level basin 
some miles in width, and is on all sides surrounded by cliffs, the summits of which are 
believed to be nowhere less than 3000 feet above the level of the sea." 

GOWADTH MOUNT {Co. Wellington). See Caxobolas. 

GOWDAWADA CREEK {Co. Wellington) is an auriferous tributary of the 
Waramagallon creek, flowing through the W. part of the Louisa creek gold fields. It 
is fed by the Ponds creek. Metamorphic slate. 

GOWEN is a county in the pastoral district of Bligh. It contains 2501 acres 
of alienated land, and 1,005,499 acres unalienated. Its present boundaries, however, 
are open to modification. 

GRADELL STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Strahorne John ; area, 
25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1200 head of cattle The old charges were £73 15s. ; 
the recently appraised rental is £85. 

GRAFTON, 29° 40' S. lat., 152° 53' E. long. {Co. Clarence), is a postal town in 
the parish of Great Marlow, electoral district of the Clarence, and police district of 
Grafton. It is a seaport, accessible for ships drawing 10 feet of water, and is situated 
on the Clarence river and Alum creek, 55 miles W. from the sea. Grafton has a steam 
saw mill, a steam flour mill, a soap factory, and a stearine caudle and soap factory, 
the latter not now in operation. The district is agricultural and pastoral, the agri- 
cultural portion being situated on the na,vigable part of the rivers, and consisting en- 
tirely of alluvial flats, cedar brush, and swamps. It is in rapid course of settlement, 
and it is anticipated that the working of the Free Selection Act will cause the whole of 
it to be soon taken up. As it is, during the past year upwards of 500,000 bushels of 
maize have been produced in the district. Gold mining has, for some time past, also 
been carried on with considerable success, the whole of the head waters of the Clarence 
being auriferous, and being worked over a length of 100 miles, at Tooloom, Pretty 
gully, Timbarra river, Table land, and South river. The diggings are from 40 to 100 
miles from Grafton ; they are all alluvial, and are worked principally by sluicing. 
Is early the whole of the district is available for pastoral purposes, and is principally 
stocked with cattle and horses. The nearest places are Copmanhurst, distant 18 miles 
W. ; Maclean, 28 miles E. ; and Laurence, 20 miles E. With these places the commu- 
nication is either by water or land ; by small boats in the one case, and by horse or 
dray in the other. With Sydney, 350 miles S. , the communication is by steamer about 
every fifth day. The communication is not regular, and is by means of the Agnes 
Irving and Urara (paddle boats of 400 tons burthen), the Grafton (paddle boat of 300 
tons), the Susanna Cuthbert (screw boat of 240 tons), and numerous sailing vessels. The 
mail route is via Armidale. There are 2 newspapers published in the town, the 
Clarence River Examiner and the Grafton Herald. There is an Odd Fellows' lodge 
(lodge Star of the East No. 42). Grafton has a good hospital, a gaol, court house, 
custom house, post and money order office, telegraph station, school of arts, National 
and Denominational school, church of England, Roman catholic, Presbyterian, and 
Wesleyan places of worship, 2 building societies, and several social and benevolent 
societies. There are branches of the Australian Joint Stock and Savings' banks, and the 
European, United, Sydney, Northern, Liverpool and London and Globe, and Australian 
Mutual Insurance companies in the town. The hotels are the Commercial, Holnistein's 
Family, Queen's Head, Royal, Steam Packet, and Cowan's. There are no coaches or 
passenger vehicles, horse or bullock drays being employed for the conveyance of goods, 
.and 2 steamboats plying, when required, from the Heads to Copmanhurst. Grafton 



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237 



was first opened for sale in 1851, and incorporated as a municipal town in 1859, under 
a mayor and 8 aldermen. The present mayor is Thos. Bamden, Esq. The municipality 
was proclaimed 19th July, 1859. The estimated annual value of rateable property 
within it is £10,316, from which (including government aid) it derived, in 1864, an 
income of £10*40 13s. 2d. Its expenditure during that year was £889 15s. 8d. The 
present extent of its roads and streets is 50 miles, and the number of registered elec- 
tors, 346. The surrounding district is elevated in the upper part, consisting of high 
ranges of granitic and other igneous rocks. The cental part of the district is princi- 
pally sandstone ranges, in horizontal strata, and of considerable height, the vicinity 
of the lower part of the river is low, and has rich soil. A considerable portion of the 
district evidently belongs to the carbonaceous formation. The population of Grafton 
is about 1500 persons ; the agricultural population on the islands and banks of the 
rivers are estimated at about 2500 souls. 

Grafton is a police district, embracing a portion of the pastoral district of Clarence; 
and bounded on the N. by the N. watershed of the Clarence river, and the range 
dividing the waters of the Clarence and Richmond rivers, W., and a line bearing S.W. 
to the Clarence river at a point due E. of the Bolivia range, and thence by a line W. 
to its intersection with a line N. by compass, from mount Werrikimbe ; on the W. by 
that line, bearing S. to the range forming the S. watershed of the Clarence river ; on 
the S. by that range, E. , and a fine bearing E. to the sea, near the Solitary islands ; 
and on the E. by the sea, to the N. boundary aforesaid. The places of petty sessions 
are Grafton, Fairfield, and Lawrence. 

GRAGAN STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Chisholm, F. ; area, 23,040 
acres ; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. The old charges were £42 16s. 3d. ; the 
recently appraised rental is £83 6s. 8d. 

GRAGAN STATION (Gvrydir district) ; occupier, Cheeke, Alfred; area, 76,800 
acres; grazing capability, 2080 head of cattle. The old charges were £130; the 
recently appraised rental is £250. 

GRAHAM'S CREEK ( Co. King) is a small W. tributary of the Lachlan river. 
It rises in the S. slope of mount Darling, on the road from Cowrato Weeho, and flows 
E. about 8 miles. Metamorphic slate and limestone. 

GRAHAM'S VALLEY {Co. Gougk) is a deep hollow on the road from Stone- 
henge to Moredun, about 2 miles S. of the former place. 

GRAHAM'S VALLEY STATION (New England district) ■ occupier, Watt, 
John Brown ; area, 17,920 acres ; grazing capability, 1500 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £92 16s. 3d. ; the recently appraised rental is £85. 

GRAMEN CREEK (New England district) is a small W. tributary of the 
Macintyre river, flowing through good pastoral country. Lower palaeozoic. 

GRAMIN STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Cheeke, Alfred; area, 46,080 
acres ; grazing capability, 2400 head of cattle. The old charges were £150 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £225. 

GRAND00L STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, White, Rev. Wm. Edward ; 
estimated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were 
£54 ; the recently appraised rental is £70. 

GRANGLE STATION (Lachlan district); occupiers, Bear and M 'Malum ; 
estimated area, 24,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2500 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £154 13s. 9d. ; the recently appraised rental is £620. 

GRANITE BALL HILLS. — This bewildering and unequalled geological feature 
of New South Wales impresses us with the remarkable course of scientific discovery 
with greater force than language can do. This mysterious and attractive symbol of 
the hand of Providence is worthy of being recorded ; it was the first geological pre- 
dication of the existence of gold in Australia. The " handwriting" is on granite 
ranges on the banks of a river that takes its source from the mount Royal hills. This 
astonishing geological feature, discovered in 1844, was afterwards echoed all round 
the globe, and re-echoed from the Orange river in Africa, by an exploring party under 
Mr. Pocock, who made a similar discovery in the Orange river country. That in 
New South Wales consists of granite balls as large as fifty pound artillery balls, and 
as completely round as if cast in moulds. The balls were found half plunged into 



238 The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Gra— Gre 



the face of vast rocks, and likewise buried in the loose soil, as if artillery had been at 
work. The discovery created the highest interest and admiration, several heavy balls 
being sent to the British museum and other centres of science. These granite balls 
were of a grey granite ; the edge of the circumference was extremely dull and aged, 
but, when split up by a sledge hammer, the balls presented a fresh sparkling surface, 
radiating from the rim until they became white as quartz in the centre. 

GRANNY'S FLAT CREEK {Co. Beresford), a small S. tributary of the 
Umaralla river, flowing into it about 4 miles N. of Nimmitabel. It is fed by 
Grogan's creek. Trap rock and slate. 

GRANT'S CREEK ( Co. Westmoreland) is a tributary of Cox's river. Sand- 
stone. 

GRANT'S HEAD ( Co. Macquarie) is a rocky promontory, lying a few miles to 

the N. of the entrance to Camden haven. Sandstone. 

GRATTAI {Go. Wellington) is a small mining village, in the electoral district 
of Wellington. It is situated on the Grattai creek, about 6 miles N. of the township 
of Avisford, on the main road from that place to Mudgee, and forms part of the 
Meroo gold field. It has 1 hotel, the Jolly Farmer, and a small population, 
engaged in mining and agricultural pursuits, there being good alluvial cultivation 
flats along the course of the creek. Metamorphic slate. 

GRATTAI CREEK {Co. Wellington). See Berago Creek. 

GRASSHOPPER ISLAND (Co. St. Vincent) is a small rocky islet, lying off 
the coast 8 miles N. of Bateman's bay. Sandstone. 

GRA WHEY BACK STATION" ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Cruikshank, 
Alexander and John ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The 
nearest post town is Cannonbar. Old charges, £32 13s ; the new appraisement is 
£50 13s. 

GRA WIN BACK STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Forrester, G. ; area, 
22,400 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31. 

GRAWIN, W., STATION {Warrego district); occupier, Forrester, G. ; area, 
22,400 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31. 

GREAT DIVIDING RANGE is a chain of lofty and, for the most part, rugged 
mountains, bold and precipitous on its E. slope, and presenting mountain gorges ex- 
ceeding 1300 feet in depth, and on its W. slope gradual and presenting table lands and 
plains of great fertility. This chain forms a portion of an immense cordillera, stretch- 
ing without interruption throughout the whole length of the E. and S. E. coasts of 
Australia, and forming, through its whole extent, the main watershed of the country. 
In this respect the similarity between the physical conformation of the E. portion of 
the colony, and that of the opposite coast of South America, is especially remarkable. 
In both cases a range of mountains runs along the whole length of the continent in 
close proximity to the coast, and both chains, in accordance with the general law, 
present their more precipitous sides to the sea. With a few variations to be noted 
hereafter, the general direction of the Great Dividing Chain is from N. to S. , parallel 
to the coast. The appearance and structure of the chain exhibit several important 
variations. Where granite is the prevailing rock, the summits are rounded, seldom, 
forming into prominent peaks. Where sandstone is the chief component, the moun- 
tains are flat-topped, with precipitous sides ; and where trap rocks exist in any quan- 
tity, sharp ridges and pointed peaks are to be found. In general, the Dividing Chain 
intersects the two table lands, though it sometimes, as in the case of the Blue moun- 
tains, lies along the E. edge. The average elevation is about 3500 feet, though sonie 
peaks are much higher. For example, Ben Lomond is 5000 feet in altitude ; Capoom- 
peta, 4730 ; while the culminating point, mount Kosciusko, attains an elevation of 
7308 feet. It will be observed that the line of perpetual snow does not, in this lat., 
descend below 8000 feet above the sea level, and that, consequently, snow will not, as 
a rule, remain upon the mountain during the whole year. Various names have been 
conferred upon different portions of the chain ; and, for the sake of convenience, these 
appelations will be preserved with some slight extension in their application. With 
this view, the Great Dividing Chain may be thus sub-divided : — 1, New England 
range ; 2, Liverpool range ; 3, Blue mountain range ; 4, Cullarin range ; 5, Gourock 
range ; 6, Maneroo range ; and 7, the Muniong range. In general the Middle, or Blue 



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mountain part is a conglomerate of freestone, the S. of limestone, and the N. of trap 
formation, with veins of quartz, hornblendic or porphyritic granite, and kindred sub- 
stances diffused more or less abundantly throughout. 

GREAT FALLS (Co. Sandon), the name applied to a waterfall on the Gyra 
creek, about 5 miles to the E. of Armidale ; also, to 3 waterfalls on the Rocky 
river, near the town of Uralla. The three latter falls are respectively distinguished 
by the names of the First Great falls, the Great falls, and the Very Great falls. Horn- 
blendic granite, lying in large boulders and masses. 

GREDADOO (or Tyrong) STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Nixon, 
Robert; estimated area, 12,800 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old 
charges were £25 ; the recently appraised rental is £37 10s. 

GREENBACK BRANCH (Co. Couratlie, Gwydir district) is a small watercourse 
connecting the Gwydir river and the Ana branch, near the township of Moree. It 
waters good pastoral country. Granite, with alluvial drift. 

, GREENBAR CREEK STATION (Bligh district) ; occupiers, M 'Master, D. and 
J. ; estimated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 300 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £40. 

GREEN BAR STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Kirk and Goldborough ; 
area, 23,040 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £35. 

GREEN CAPE, 37° 17' S. lat., 159° 3' E. long. (Co. Auckland) is a promontory 
standing boldly out into the ocean, about N. half E., 15 miles from cape Howe. This 
cape is smooth and sloping, and has a deep bight or bay to the S. The shore in the 
neighbourhood is bold and rocky. Sandstone. 

GREENDALE [Co. Cumberland) is a small private hamlet on the Greendale 
estate. It is in an agricultural (dairy farming) district, and is surrounded by a small 
and scattered population. It contains Protestant and Roman catholic places of 
worship. The nearest post town is Bringelly. 

GREEN HILLS (Co. Cumberland) is one of the original districts of New South 
Wales, and is bounded on the W. side by the Richmond district, on the S.W. by the 
Richmond road, on the S. E. side, and by the S. creek, to the Hawkesbury river and 
by that river. 

GREEN HILLS (Co. Northumberland) ; the first name of the township of 
Morpeth. See Morpeth. 

GREEN HILLS STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Real, and Wat- 
son, Abraham ; estimated area, 29,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. 
The old charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £25. 

m GREEN HILLS STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Sharp, J. B. ; 
estimated area, 12,800 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £60 ; the recently appraised rental is £55. 

GREENHOUGH'S HILL, 1 A STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Filson, 
John ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

GREENHOUGH'S HILL, 2 A STATION [Albert district) ; occupier, Filson, 
John ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

GREENHOUGH'S HILL, 1 B STATION {Albert district); occupier, Filson, 
John; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

GREENHOUGH'S HILL, 2 B STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Filson, 
John; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

GREENHOUGH'S HILL, 3 B STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Filson, 
John; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

GREENHOUGH'S HILL, 2 C STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Filson, 
John ; area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

GREENHOUGH'S HILL, 3 C STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Filson, 
John; area, 57,600 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

GREENHOUGH'S HILL, 3 I) STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Filson, 
John ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 i2s. 6d. 



240 



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GREEN ISLAND {Co. St. Vincent) is a small rocky islet, lying off the entrance 
to the Conjnrong lake, or the entrance to the Conjola creek. Sandstone. 

GREENLAND STATION {Monaro district) ; occupiers, Clifford, Patrick, J. 
and Joseph ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges. 
£65. 

GREENLAND STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Warren, Gilbert ; area, 
10,000 acres ; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. Charges, £48 15s. 

GREEN0UGHS GROUP {Co. Livingstone) is a range of sandstone hills, lying 
in the vast flat desert between the Bogan, and Darling rivers. Some of these hills 
are peaked, and others flat topped, and stand like lonely monuments, rocky, barren,, 
and cheerless. 

GREEN POINT ( Co. Cumberland) is a sandy promontory, sparsely covered with 
grass and scrub, situated about ^ a mile inside the inner S. head of port Jackson, and 
forming the N. head of Watson's bay. It is a favourite place of resort for fishing and 
picnic parties. Sandstone. 

GREEN POINT {Co. Northumberland). See Bboken Bay. 

GREEN SWAMP {Co. Roxburgh) is a tract of marshy land, in the parishes of 
Eskdale and Melrose, and lying to the E. of the Glanmire diggings. Metamorphic 
slate and shale. 

GREEN VALLEY CREEK {Co. Wellington) is a S. auriferous tributary of 
the Pyramul creek, flowing on the E. side of the Tambaroora gold field, between 
rugged hills, in a N.W. direction. It rises in the Kangaroo flat, crossing the Sofala 
and Tambaroora road at Sally's flat, near the Devil's pinch on that road. It is fed by 
the Dirthole, Pomnaira, Peter's, Sally's flat, and Kangaroo flat creeks. The country 
through which it flows is rugged and scrubby, and the geological formation meta- 
morphic. 

GREEN WATTLE CREEK {Co. Wellington) is a small auriferous tributary of 
the Tunnabidgee creek, draining the Green Wattle flat, in the E. part of the Tamba- 
roora gold fields. Metamorphic. 

GREEN WATTLE FLAT {Co. Wellington) is an auriferous flat, lying on the, 
road from the Tambaroora gold field, of which it forms part, to the township of 
Windeyer. It is situated on the S. bank of the Tunnabidgee creek. Metamorphic 

GREEN WELL POINT {Co. St. Vincent) is a small village in the electoral 
district of Shoalhaven. It is situated on the Crookhaven, on the S. bank of the 
Shoalhaven river, and on the estate of the Messrs. Berry, of Shoalhaven, about 7 
miles S.E. of the village of Numba, with which place there is communication by a 
spring cart which runs twice a week. Greenwell point is the stopping-place for the 
Shoalhaven and Sydney steamers, and lies about 105 miles S. of the latter place. 
There is 1 hotel, the Royal, and a steamers' wharf and store. A river steamer runs 
from the wharf to the village of Terrara, 10 miles up the river. The surrounding 
country is principally low and flat, much of the land being taken up by small farmers, 
tenants to the Messrs. Berry. The population numbers about 50 persons. Sandstone. 

GREENWICH {Co. Cumberland) is a point jutting out into the N. side of the 
Parramatta river, in the parish of Willoughby, and near the mouth of Lane cove. 
It is the site of a proposed township. Sandstone. 

GREENWICH STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Freeman, William;, 
area, 15,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £33 8s. 9d. 

GREGAAP CREEK {Co. Wynyard) isaW. tributary of O'Brien's creek, drawing 
the swampy pastoral country to the S. of Wagga-Wagga. Granite and schist. 

GREGORY is a county in the pastoral district of Bligh. Its present boun- 
daries are open to modification. 

GREGORY STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Darchy, Thomas ; area, 
48, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Booligal. 
Charges, £30. 

GREIG'S CREEK ( Co. Hunter) is a S. tributary of the Hunter river. Sand- 
stone. 



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241 



GRESFORD, 32° 28' S. lat., 151° 32' E. long. (Co. Durham), is a postal village 
in the electoral and police districts of the Paterson. It is situated on the Paterson 
river, about 15 miles N. from the Paterson township, and 1 4 mile W. from the Allyn river. 
There has been a steam flour mill in Gresford for the last 2 years, but, owing to the 
failure each y.ear in the wheat crop, it has been closed, and the proprietor has now left 
that part of the country. The district is an agricultural one, tobacco and corn being 
grown in large quantities in the neighbourhood. The vine is also extensively cultiva- 
ted, the soil being admirably suited to its growth. Some of the best colonial wine 
made in New South Wales is manufactured at Gresford, amongst which the celebrated 
" Cawarra" and " Orindinna" brands may be mentioned.. The nearest places to Gres- 
ford are Paterson, 15 miles S., Lostock, 11 miles N, and Eccleston, about 18 miles N. 
With these places there is communication by horse and dray, and with Sydney, 121 
miles from Paterson, by mail cart to Morpeth (the next telegraph station), thence by 
rail to Newcastle, and thence by steamer ; or, from Morpeth by steamer down the 
Hunter river. There is 1 hotel in Gresford, the Gresford Arms. The roads are under 
the control of a board, and the village under that of the Paterson bench. The sur- 
rounding country consists of low undulating ranges, with beautiful flats of agricultural 
land, and numerous homesteads running along the river banks. The population is 
tolerably large, but scattered all over the district. The geological formation is chiefly 
sandstone, with deep alluvial deposit. 

GRE SHAM is a county in the pastoral district of Clarence. It contains 621 acres 
of alienated land, and 871,079 acres unalienated. Its present boundaries, however, are 
open to modification. 

GRETA (Co. Northumberland) is a small agricultural village, lying on the Hunter 
river, 1 1 miles W. of Maitland. Sandstone. 

GREY RANGE (A Ibert district) is a chain of flat-topped hills, in the vast level 
plains to the W. of the Darling river, and rising out of a barren, rocky, and sandy 
country. They attain no great elevation, but the principal peak, mount Arrowsmith, 
rises to a height of 2000 feet above sea level. This range lies near the line dividing 
the colony from South Australia. It is very rugged, and composed of indurated 
quartz and ironstone, with large quantities of gypsum scattered on its slopes. 

GRI GRIK STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ;■ occupier, Pierce, John ; area, 
17,000 acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. Old charges, £40 ; the new 
appraisement is £10. 

GR0GAN CREEK STATION (Lachlan district); occupier, Dacey, Mrs j 
Catherine ; area, 30,080 acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. Charges, 
£38 2s. 6d. 

GR0GAN CREEK STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Mason, John ; area, 
23,040 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old charges were £50 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £66 13s. 4d. 

GROGGAN'S CREEK (Co. Beresford), a small tributary of the Granny's Flat 
creek, joining it about 4 miles on the road from Nimmitibel to Umaralla. 

GROSE CREEK (Co. Vernon) is a small E. tributary of the head of the Ohio 
creek. Granite and slate. 

GROSE FARM (Co. Cumberland) is a tract of land, lying within the munici- 
pality of Newtown, and upon which the affiliated colleges are built. 

GROSE VALLEY (Co. Cooh) is<a stupendous ravine in the Blue mountains, being 
a precipitous rocky, chasm between mount Hay on the S. , and mounts Tomah and King- 
George on the N. At the bottom of this chasm, the Grose, at a depth of 3000 feet 
from the summit of the mountain, meanders. Mr. Dixon and Major Lockyer at- 
tempted to explore this valley in 1827, but, after having had to leave their horses, 
and after scrambling on their hands and feet until their progress was arrested by 
large boulders in the bed of the river, they found it impossible to proceed. The 
geological formation is chiefly sandstone. 

GROSE RIVER (Co. Cook) is a fine mountain stream, rising in the Blue 
mountains, and flowing through a vast deep chasm into the Hawkesbury river. The 
scene along the valley of the Grose is one of the wildest magnificence. Mitchell, in 
his account of the discovery of the Grose river, says that his progress up the valley 
K 



242 



The Xew South Wales Gazetteer. [Gro — Gud 



was arrested by pebbles as large as houses in the bed of the stream. The upper part 
is a magnificent level basin, miles in width, and surrounded by cliffs 3000 feet above 
the sea level. Sandstone. 

GROSE'S PLAINS ( Co. Wallace) is a tract of good undulating open forest country, 
crossed by the road from Cooma to Gipps land, via Jindabyne, and lying to the S. 
of the Mowamba river. It is watered by a small watercourse, called Grose's Plain 
creek. Metamorphic slate and trap rock. 

GROSSE'S STATION )Monaro district) ; occupier, Hyland, M. ; area, 10,500 
acres; grazing capability, 1600 head of cattle. Charges, £40. 

F M GROTTO POINT ( Co. Cumberland) is the N. head of Middle harbour, and is a 
bold rocky promontory on the N. shore of port Jackson, lying about 2 miles W. of 
the N. head of that port. Sandstone. 

GROVE CREEK {Co. Georgiana.) See Bttrangylong. 

GROVE CREEK DIGGINGS (Co. Georgiana). See Long Swamp. 

GRO WEE SWAMP (Co. Phillip) is a tract of swampy country, lying on the E. 
of the road from Dabee to Merriwa, near the gap above the former place. J. Edrop 
has 640 acres near the swamp. Sandstone. 

GRTJBBENBUN CREEK {Co. Bathurst) is a S. tributary of the Belubula river, 
rising in the rugged and swampy country to the S. of Lyndhurst, and flowing N. about 
16 miles. It is crossed by the roads from Rockley to Cowra at its upper, and from 
Bathurst to Forbes at its lower, end, and is fed by the Mandurama ponds. It flows 
through tolerably good agricultural land, in the parish of Lucan, cut up into small 
farms. Lower silurian, with recent surface drift. 

GRUBBEN CULLEN CREEK (Co. King) is a fine stream, rising in the W. 
slope of the Australian Alps, and flowing W. about 20 miles into the upper part of the 
Lachlan river. It is fed by the Wattle creek. Metamorphic slate. 

GRUBBIN STATION (Murrumbidgee district); occcupiers, Vincent and Morton ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £49 5s. 

GRUDGERY STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, uncertain ; estimated 
area, 22,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1280 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£80 ; the recently appraised rental is £120. 

GUAG0NG STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Shepherd, Isaac ; area, 25,600 
acres ; grazing. capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £64. 

GUAB0TH00, No. 2 STATION (Bligh district); occupier, Aarons, J., junr. ; 
area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

GUAB0TH00 STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Huskisson, J.; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

GUANGUA CREEK (Co. Brisbane) is an E. tributary of Wybong creek. 
Sandstone and schist. 

GUAPA/No. 1. STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Phillips, Hugh Miles ; 
area, 32,000 acres; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

GUAPA, No. 2 STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Phillips, Hugh Myles ; 
area, 32,000 acres; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

GUDGENBY HILL [Co. Cowley) is a lofty peak in the S. part of the Murrum- 
bidgee range of mountains, lying on the road from Queanbeyan to Kiandra, and at the 
head of the Boboyan creek. Granite and metamorphic slate. 

GUERYEDAH STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupier, Bowman, George ; area, 
84, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £90 ; the recently 
apjjraised rental is £280. 

GUDGENBY RIVER ( Co. Cowley) is a fine stream, which rises in Gudgenby 
hill, and flows N., about 25 miles, into the Murrumbidgee river, at the township of 
Tharwa. Its course is through uudulating and broken pastoral country, alongside the 
road from the Gulf diggings to Queanbeyan for the greater part of its length. It is fed \ 



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243 



by numerous tributaries, the principal of which are the Naas valley, Rendezvous, 
Nursery, Orraral, and Mount Tennant creeks. It flows between hills of schist and 
granite. 

GUDGENDXL STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, McKechnie, C. ; area, 
29,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Charges, £59 12s. 

GUGGNG STATION" (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Moulder, Joseph ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £104. 

GUINEC0B, CREEK ( Co. Argyle) is a line stream, rising near Teralga, and 
flowing in an E. direction into the Wollondilly river in the N. part of the county. 
The upper part of this creek is better known as the Teralga creek. Sandstone and 
metamorphic slate. 

GUINGUINGULLA STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Flood, Edward ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £35. 

GUISE'S CREEK (Co. Murray) is a small creek, which rises in the rich undu- 
lating country lying on the E. bank of the upper Murrumbidgee river, between 
Queanbeyan and Jingery. It flows W. into that river, after a course of about 10 
miles, being fed by several small drainage watercourses. Metamorphic slate and 
limestone. 

GULLARAGAMBEAN STATION {Bligh district) • occupier, Tailby, George ; 
area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £49 10s. 

GULLENDADAY STATION [Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, executors 
of G. K. Ingelow; area, 162,560 acres ; grazing capability, 15,000 sheep. Charges, £150. 

GULLENG0L0NG MOUNT {Co. Hunter) is a peak of the Hunter range, lying 
near the bed of the Tupa creek. It is rugged and scrubby, and composed of ferrugi- 
nous sandstone. 

GULF, THE (Co. Phillip), is a passage over the Blue mountains, on the road 
from Dabee to Merriwa, about 12 miles N. of the former place. Sandstone. 

GULF CREEK (Co. Ashburnham) is a small N. tributary of the head of the 
Billabong creek, flowing through rugged pastoral country. Lower palaeozoic. 

GULF CREEK ( Co. Cowley) is a small mountain creek, tributary to the Mur- 
rumbidgee, near its source. It rises in mount Murray, and flows about 6 miles S.W. 
through the Gulf diggings. Granite and schist. 

GULF FORD (Cos. Wcdlace and Wellesley) is the crossing place, over the Snowy 
river, of the old track into Gipps land over the Snowy river, near mount Jewrena, 
the Popong creek, and Biddi hill. Trap rock and schists. 

GULF GOLD FIELD (Co. Dampier) is a gold field lying on the N. side of the 
Tuross river. See also Nermngundah. 

GULGIN MOUNT (Co. Wellesley) is a peak in a range of low scrubby hills, lying 
on the S. bank of the Maharatta creek, and near the 161 acres of J. Nicholson, 6 miles 
S. of Bombala. Metamorphic slate. 

GULG0 STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Murray, Peter; area, 28,880 
acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old charges were £61 17s. 6d. ; 
the recently appraised rental is £150. 

GULG0 STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Power, Thomas ; estimated 
area, 19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40; 
the recently appraised rental is £60. 

GULLIGAL, 30° 42 S. lat., 150° 8' E. long. {Co. Nundewar), is a postal town- 
ship in the electoral district of Liverpool plains, and police district of Tamworth. 
It is situated on the Gulligal or Sparke's lagoon, 1| mile S. of the Namoi river, and 
20 miles S. of the dividing range between the Liverpool plains and the Gwydir dis- 
tricts. There are no mills or manufactories in Gulligal, the district being almost 
exclusively a pastoral one, taken i;p by large sheep stations. The nearest townships 
are, Gunnedah, 16 miles E. ; and Boggabri, a newly-proclaimed township, about 11 
miles N.W. ; with which places there is communication twice a week by coach. 
With Sydney, 276 miles S. E. , the communication is by coach to Singleton, thence to 



244 



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[G-ul — Gum 



Newcastle by rail, and thence by steamer, there being postal communication twice 
per week. The nearest telegraph station is Tamworth, 70 miles distant, but ar- 
rangements are pending by which a station will be established at Gunnedah, and a 
great improvement will be thereby effected, the main line of traffic to the Barwon, 
Balonne, and Mooni rivers, en route for Queensland, passing through Gunnedah and 
Gulligal. The nearest hospital is at Tamworth, although there is 1 now in course of 
erection, and almost completed, at Narrabri, 45 miles N.W. The principal hotel is 
the Gulligal hotel, a very good building, with roomy stabling and out-offices, and 
above the reach of floods. At this hotel places can be booked for the coaches to Wee 
Waa and Murrurundi (for Singleton), or parcels forwarded by the same conveyance. 
There are 4 carriers residing in the Gulligal township, by whom heavy goods can be 
transmitted per dray to all parts of the country. The surrounding country is mostly 
flat for about 30 miles in each direction, being bounded on the N. by the dividing 
range, or Corderillas, which separate the districts of the Gwydir and Liverpool 
plains. On the S. by the Sugar Loaf and Sumner's Black mountain, the Black Jack 
Scrub ranges, and the Culgoa ridges, and on the W. by the Beadable ridges, and the 
Wallanwallan hills. The geological formation of the district is generally granitic, 
with little or no auriferous indication. Good freestone is procurable near the river, 
and in various places in the lower lands. The district is capable of growing almost 
anything, the lower lands consisting of fine appletree flats, although but little is 
under cultivation. Free selection is, however, greatly tending to its improvement, 
and large portions of it will probably soon be under ralture, the land on the S. side of 
the lagoon being particularly adapted for farming purposes. The population of the 
township numbers 63 permanent residents at present. Gulligal is the central point of 
the district ; it has a post office, public pound, 5 and two stores, and promises to become 
an important township. Considerable inconvenience is, however, felt from the want 
of a resident magistrate, the local magistracy being frequently absent, and great 
trouble and uncertainty in matters requiring magisterial decision being thereby caused. 
Gulligal derives its water supply from the Gulligal lagoon, a large permanent lake, 2 
miles long by 80 yards wide, and 35 feet deep, supplied from the Nainoi river, and 
liable to flood. 

GULLIGAL LAGOON {Co. Nundewar). See Sparke's Lagoon. 

GULLIGAL MOUNT {Co. Inglis) is a high solitary peak, lying on the V/. side of 
the Muluerindie creek, about 3 miles distant from the township of Bendemeer, in a 
S.W. direction. Granite. 

GULONG MOUNT ( Co. Northumberland) is a high peak in the Hunter range, 
lying in the parish of Blaxland, and about 8 miles S.W. of Wollombi township. Sand- 
stone. 

GULPA CREEK {Co. Townsend, Murrumbidgee district), a name of the upper 
portion of the Edward river, between Deniliquin and the Tuppal creek. 

GULPH CREEK {Co. Dampier) is a small creek, flowing into the Tuross river by 
the right bank, through the Gulph or Gulf gold fields. Granite, sandstone, and meta- 
morphic schist. 

GULTHUL, N., STATION {Darling district); occupiers, Stewart and Izett ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

GULTHUL STATION {Darling district) ; occupiers, Stewart and Izett ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

GUMANALDY STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Eather, Charles ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing "capability, 640 head of Cattle. Charges, £30. 

GUM CREEK {Co. Ashburnham) is a small stream flowing from the N.W. into 
the Belubula river, about 9 miles below Canowindra. 

GUMHALL BACK RUN STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, Smith, 
T. A.; area, 32,003 acres ; grazing capability, 4030 sheep. Charges, £32 2s. 

GUMHALL BACK STATION ( Warrego district • occupier, Smith, John T. ; 
area, 16,0 JO acre3 ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

GUMHALL, BACK OF BACK STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Smith, 
John T. ; area, 61,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 



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245 



GUMHALL STATION ( Warrego district) • occupier, Smith, John T. ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £41 10s. 

GXJMMALL STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Tom, William ; area, 
25,600 acres ; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. The old charges were £42 16s. ; 
the recently appraised rental is £101. 

GUM SWAMP STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Christie and Went- 
worth ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 10s. 

GUWAGXA STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Forlonge, William ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

GUNAMBILL STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Barber and 
Moore ; area, 75,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1200 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £112 ; the recently appraised rental is £224. 

GUNDAB00K BACK (A) STATION (Warrego district); occupier, Ligar, C. 
W. ; area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

GUNDABOOK BACK (B) STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Ligar, C. 
W. ; area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

GUNDAGAI STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Broughton, Thomas ; 
area, 25,600 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old charges were £14 
13s. 9d. ; the recently appraised rental is £25. 

GUNDAGAI, 35° 4' S. lat., 148° 7' E. long. (Co. Clarendon), is a postal township 
in the electoral district of Lachlan, and police district of G-undagai. It is situated, 
on the Murrumbidgee river, that part of it on the N. bank being known as G-undagai 
proper, and that on the S. bank as S. Gundagai. The river is navigable up to this 
place, and a costly iron bridge is in course of erection over it, to connect the two parts. 
Jones' creek falls into the Murrumbidgee a£ the township, Coolac creek about 6 miles 
above it, and the Tumut river about 2 miles still higher up. Mount Parnassus and the 
Kairo ranges bear N. from the river. Gundagai has 3 steam flour mills. The district 
is an agricultural, pastoral, and mining one, the latter both alluvial and quartz ; the 
alluvial workings are the N. Gundagai diggings, adjoining the township ; the Stony 
creek diggings, 4 miles from S. Gundagai, and the Eurongilly diggings, 25 miles distant 
on the road to Wagga-Wagga. The quartz reefs are the Muttama, the Kimo, the 
Stony creek, and the Eurongilly reefs, the two latter only being worked at present, and 
being both considered payable. The nearest towns are Tumut, 20 miles S. E. ; Adelong, 
25 miles S. ; Wagga-Wagga, 50 miles W. ; Eurongilly, 25 miles W. ; and Jugiong, 25 miles 
E. Coaches run thrice a week between Gundagai and Wagga-Wagga, and daily to and 
from Jugiong ; with Tumut, Adelong, and Eurongilly there is communication only by 
horse and dray. With Sydney, 242 miles N. E. , the communication is by daily coach, 
via Yass and Goulburn, to Picton, and thence by rail. Gundagai has a line large sub- 
stantial stone hospital, having a resident house surgeon, and its funds in a nourishing 
state ; a post and money order office, a telegraph station, a first-class court house 
(where the quarter and petty sessions and the district court are held), a Roman, 
catholic and Wesleyan churches, and a church of England, just about completed, 
and a commodious National school. The stores and other buildings are large 
and handsome, and the hotels roomy and well conducted. The principal ones 
are the Australian Arms, Milton's Head, Crown Inn, Commercial, Noah's Ark, 
and Gundagai. The principal stores are the Union, Old Gundagai, Com- 
mercial, and National. The booking office, per royal mail, is at the Crown Inn, 
where places may be taken, and parcels sent to any place between Sydney and 
Melbourne on the main line of road. There is 1 newspaper, the Express. Gun- 
dagai has a benevolent society (established in 1849), a debating society (with a circula- 
ting library), a ferry over the river, and branches of the City and New South Wales 
banks, and of the Sydney, Liverpool and London and Globe, and Australian Mutual 
Provident Insurance companies. Gundagai is the head quarters of the district. Its 
settlement was first suggested in 1836, but the town was not surveyed and marked 
out for sale earlier than 1840, in which year the first sale of allotments was held. In 
November, 1844, the inhabitants were for the first time dismayed and inconvenienced 
by the Hooding of the Murrumbidgee, which submerged their little village to the depth 
of 4 feet, but, as it was still back water, no damage was sustained. Since that time 
floods occurred annually, which familiarised the residents to the scene, and instead of 



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causing them to remove from their watery situation, it appears to have created in them 
an accountable attachment to their respective locations. On the 25th June, 1852, the 
river came down in such a body as to overwhelm the surrounding country for miles — ■ 
the entire valley of the Murrumbidgee became an inland sea, the swollen waters of 
which rolled with such fury and impetuosity as to carry away everything before them. 
The inundated town was swept away, only 7 buildings out of 78, riddled and otherwise 
dilapidated, were left standing, and out of a population of 250 souls who were sur- 
rounded by water that night, 89 perished. The awful scene of wreck and devastation 
which presented itself when the day had re -appeared but too clearly pointed to the 
limit of human foresight, and demonstrated in plain and unmistakeable language the 
absence of that instinct in man which is so wisely bestowed by the Almighty upon 
his inferior creatures. After the dreadful catastrophe just alluded to, the first land 
sale was held in November, 1853, since which a new town has gradually been rising 
out of the ruins of the old one. Owing to its central situation the watch house in the 
town has become the receptacle for prisoners from 7 police stations to the S. and 
W. On the 16th September, 1858, Captain Francis Cadell ascended the Murrumbid- 
gee and arrived at Gundagai, in his large steamboat Albury, and thus opened up the 
natural highway of commerce to the heart of this territory, proved the practical navi- 
gation of the noble Murrumbidgee, and brought it within a fortnight's reach of the 
South Australian capital. Through the gallant enterprise of this truly great pioneer, 
Gundagai has received an advantage over all inland towns to the N. , E. , and W. , 
which circumstance attaches to it an importance which it could not have derived from 
any other source. The country surrounding Gundagai consists of large and exceedingly 
fertile flats along the banks of the river, with ranges running out from the river, the 
hills and interior low lands being remarkably suitable for pastoral purposes. The 
river flats are nearly all taken up by settlers and small farmers, many of whom have 
taken up land since the passing of the new land act. The products of the district are 
wheat, barley, maize, oats, millet, potatoes, butter, hides, skins, and tallow. The 
geological formation is lower silurian. The population of the town and suburbs of 
Gundagai numbers about 600 persons, that of the police district of Gundagai, including 
the population on the Eurongilly diggings, about 4000 persons. The quantity of gold 
received by escort from the Gundagai gold fields, during the year 1864, was 6262 ozs., 
which, at' £3 17s. 9d. per oz., was of the total value of £24,344 lis. 5d. During the 
year 1864 were sold 246 miners' rights, and 40 business licenses. 

GUNDAGAI, SOUTH, 35° 4' S. lat., 148° 7 E. long. {Co. Bucchugh), is a postal 
township in the electoral district of Tumut, and police district of Gundagai. It is 
situated on the S. bank of the Murrumbidgee river, opposite to the township of 
Gundagai Proper, and near the Stony, Big Ben, and Adelong creeks. The district is 
agricultural, pastoral, and mining, there being alluvial and quartz diggings at Stony 
creek, 4 miles distant, and a flour mill in the township. The nearest townships are, 
Gundagai, on the opposite bank of the river ; Tarcutta, 30 miles W. ; Tumut, 20 
miles S.E. ; Wagga-Wagga, 50 miles W. ; and Adelong, 25 miles S. A mail coach 
runs to Gundagai, Tarcutta, and Wagga-Wagga, and a handsome bridge is in course 
of erection to connect South Gundagai with Gundagai Proper. With Tumut and 
Adelong there are no regular means of conveyance. With Sydney, 243 miles N.E., 
the communication is by coach to Picton, and thence by rail. South Gundagai has a 
post office and a stone school room, in which divine service of the church of England 
is held. The hotels are the Star (Jenkins's), the Pose (Ballard's), and the Eagle 
(Cooper's). There is also another, at present closed, and known as the Murrumbidgee 
Ferry Inn. The surrounding country, except immediately near the banks of the 
river, is very rugged, and intersected with mountainous ranges, consisting principally 
of primary rocks, intersected by veins of quartz, some of which are auriferous. A 
considerable portion of the alluvial river flats lie very low, and are almost annually 
submerged in time of flood. The alluvial flats above the reach of floods, and those 
situated between the ranges, are generally fertile, and, in consequence of the greater- 
uniformity of the seasons than in many parts of the colony, have not been so much 
subject to droughts or excessive moisture. The population of South Gundagai num- 
bers about 200 persons. See also Gundagai. 

Gundagai is a police district, embracing portions of the Murrumbidgee and Lach- 
lan pastoral districts ; and bounded on the E. by the confluence of Jeremiah creek 
with the Murrumbidgee river, by the E. watershed of Jeremiah creek to the range 
dividing the waters of Adjungbilly creek and the Murrumbidgee ; on the S. by that 



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247 



range to the point where the boundary between Osborne's and Murphy's runs 
branches, thence by that boundary to the Adjungbilly creek, thence crossing that 
creek, and immediately ascending the spur which leads to the dividing range between 
Adjungbilly and Brungle creeks, thence by that last-named range and the spur from it 
which terminates at the Tumut, about 20 chains above the old inn below Brungle, 
and which forms the boundary between Osborne's and Keighran's runs, thence by the 
Tumut river up to Eurobbin, from Eurobbin by the leading range which forms the 
boundary between Broughton's and M'Evoy's runs (leaving M'Evoy's run to Gun- 
dagai), thence by the dividing range between the Tumut and Murrumbidgee to where 
the N. boundary of Curran's run branches, thence by that boundary to the Adelong 
creek, about 20 chains below Curran's hut (leaving Curran's run in the Tumut 
district), thence up the Adelong creek to Johnston and Moore's boundary, which is a 
spur range commencing on the Adelong creek about 1 mile below Moore's hut, thence 
by that boundary to Carne's Ellerslie boundary, being the main range between the 
Nacka-Nacka and Adelong creeks, thence by that range until the N. boundary of 
Game's run branches, thence by that boundary crossing the Nacka-Nacka and Yaven- 
Yaven creeks, and following it until it reaches the dividing range between Tarcutta 
and Yaven-Yaven creeks ; on the W. by that last-named range and the spur range 
which branches from it, and terminates at the Murrumbidgee (at the lower end of 
Jones's flat), thence up the Murrumbidgee to the point where the boundary between 
the Wantabadgery and Oura runs commences, thence by that boundary, N., until it 
joins the range which divides the Billabong creek from Houlahan's creek, and by that 
range until it joins the main range between the Murrumbidgee and Lachlan rivers ; 
on the X by the last-named range, E., to the range dividing the waters of Jugiong 
creek from those of Mutta Muttama and Kitticarrara creeks ; and again on the E. by 
that range and a spur range, to the confluence of Jugiong creek with the Murrum- 
bidgee river, and by that river, upwards, to the confluence of Jeremiah creek, afore- 
said. The places of petty sessions are Gundagai, Adelong, and Eurongilly, 

GUNDAGAI (or Jones' Ceeek) STATION" {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Brough- 
ton, Thomas ; area, 25,600 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The near- 
est post town is Gundagai. Old charges, £14 13s. 9d. ; new appraisement, £25. 

GTJNDAMULDA CPvEEK {Co. Murchison, Gwydir district) is a S. tributary of 
Middle creek, flowing through rugged auriferous country, forming portion of the 
Bingara gold fields. The geological formation is upper palaeozoic, connected with ser- 
pentine, charged with chromate of iron, affected by greenstone diorite. 

GUNDAHIMBA (Co. Richmond) is a small cedar cutting and farming settle- 
ment, in the electoral district of the Clarence, and police district of Bichmond, 
situated on the banks of the X. arm of the Bichmond river, 4 miles by land from 
Lismore, the conveyance being by boat or horse. There is 1 hotel, the Sawyer's Home 
Inn. The land is scrubby, and the geological formation silurian sandstone. 

GUNDABOO, 35° 5' 20" S. lat., 149 D 23' E. long. {Co. Murray), is a postal vil- 
lage, in the electoral and police districts of Queanbeyan, on the road between Sydney 
and the Monaro. It is situated on the Yass river, and 8 miles N. of lake George. 
The district is well adapted for agricultural and pastoral purposes, and is chiefly used 
as such. Brook's creek, 3| miles S. , on the road to Sydney, gives some evidence of 
auriferous deposit, and mining, viz., surfacing and creek sluicing is going on there, 
the latter being as yet the more successful method of working. Queanbeyan is situated 
about 20 miles S. towards Monaro, and Goulburn, the next telegraph station, 46 miles 
1ST.W. towards Sydney. Cobb's coaches run twice a week to Queanbeyan, and thrice 
a week to Goulburn. With Sydney, 175 miles X.KE., the communication is by mail 
coach thrice a week to Picton, and thence by rail. There are 2 hotels, the Traveller's 
Home (Edgar's), and the Boyal, also a mail coach office, and a court of petty sessions. 
The post-office is on the Easter mount estate (J. S. Gallaray's, Esq.), 3 miles from the 
township. There is an Odd Fellows' lodge, (lodge Faithful Friend) in the township. 
The surrounding district is mountainous and highly picturesque, the flats being under 
cultivation, and much of the available country about being taken up under the 
new land act. The geological formation is clay, shale, and slate, with indications of a 
gold-bearing country ; owing, however, to the gold fields (Bungeudore flat and Brook's 
creek) not being proclaimed, there is a great drawback to mining purposes, as most of 
the land is held in fee simple or under lease, and the occupiers prevent prospecting. 
The population numbers about 300 persons. 



248 



The New Souih Wales Gazetteer. 



GTTNBAROO CREEK {Co. King) is a tributary of the Yass river, rising to the 
E. of mount Chaton, and flowing S.W. about 10 miles through the S. part of the 
Bredalbane plains. It falls into the Yass river at the township of Gundaroo. Slate 
and shale. 

GUNBARY STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Clarke, Henry ; area, 
4500 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 head of cattle. Charges, £28 5s. 

GUNBEMAXNE STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Lloyd, J. C. 
and C. W. ; estimated area, 74,880 acres ; grazing, capability, 2000 head of cattle. 
The old charges were £123 15s. ; the recently appraised rental is £280. 

GTOBERMAN CREEK {Co. Northumberland) is a small N. tributary of the 
lower end of the Hawkesbury river, falling into it near Wiseman's ferry. Sand- 
stone. 

GUNDIBENDAL STATION {Lachlan district); occupier, O'Brien, William; 
area, 24,000 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. The old charges were £33 
8s. 9d. ; the recently appraised rental is £66 15s. 4d. 

GUNDYALE COWELL STATION (Bllgh district) ; occupier, Friend, Charles ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £21 ; new appraise- 
ment, £30. 

GUNENGARAE STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Graham, WiUiam ; 
area, 37,700 acres ; grazing capability, 12,000 sheep. Charges, £232 10s. 

GUNGALINA STATION {Bllgh district) ; occupier, Allison, Matthew ; esti- 
mated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. The nearest post 
town is Merri-Merri. The old charges were £33 8s. 9d. ; the recently appraised rental 
is £120. 

GUNGALMAN (E) STATION {Bllgh district) ; occupier, Rotton, Henry ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

GUNGALMAN (W) STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Rotton, Henry; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

GTJNGAL (or Hall's) CREEK {Co. Brisbane) is a N. tributary of the Goul- 
burn river. Sandstone and schist. 

GTJNGALTJEA STATION {Bllgh district) ; occupiers, Blackman, Samuel and 
Alfred ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £33 8s. 9d. 

GUNGARLIN MOUNT (or Bald Head) ( Co. Wallace) is a lofty peak in the 
Muniong range, attaining an elevation of 5337 feet above the level of the sea, accord- 
ing to the measurement of the Rev. W. B. Clarke. The surrounding country consists 
of broken ridges, with sharp peaks, and swampy flats, and thick gum forest. Meta- 
morphie slate and syenitic granite. 

GUE'G-ARLIN RIVER {Co. Wallace) is a mountain stream, liable to floods, 
situated near the head of the Snowy river, into which it falls, after a course of about 
20 miles. It rises in the Muniong range. Granite and trap rock. 

GUNGARY BACK STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Pitt and Sulli- 
van ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £35. 

GUNGEWALLA STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Ryan, John Nagle ; 
area, 17,280 acres; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. Charges, £14 13s. 9d. 

GU2TGILLAH STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Lee, William, jun. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Old charges, £30; new appraise- 
ments, £50. 

GUNGUBBY CREEK {Co. Phillip) is a small tributary of the head of the 
Cudgegong river, rising in mount Darambang, and flowing N. W. through rugged and 
thickly scrubbed country, about 8 or 12 miles. The geological formation is sandstone 
and conglomerate. 

GUETGULWA CREEK {Co. Hunter) is a small W. tributary of Grey's creek. 

Sandstone and shale. 

GTJIlHABILLY STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Christian and 
Skinner; area, 25,600 acre's ; grazing capability, 5300 sheep. Charges, £52 5s. 



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249 



GUNNEDAH, 31° 2' S. lat., 150° 21' E. long. (Co. Pottinger), is a postal town in the 
electoral district of Liverpool plains. It is the head-quarters of the police district of 
Tamworth, and is situate on the Namoi river, 1 mile from the Mooki river, and 18 miles 
from Gap creek, both the river and the creek being very boggy, and unable to be 
crossed in time of flood. The district is an agricultural and pastoral one, the nearest 
places being Gulligal, 16 miles W., on the main road to Maitland ; Breeza, 25 miles N., 
near the Mooki river; and Carrol, 13 miles E. , on the Namoi river and the main road 
to Tamworth. There is 1 coach passing weekly through the township, from Murrur- 
rundi to Narrabri ; and with Sydney, 2G2 miles, the communication is by mail coach 
from Murrurrundi, or Tamworth, to Singleton, thence by rail to Newcastle, and 
thence by steamer. G-unnedah contains a post office, police establishment, court 
house, 2 fine stores, a church of England, and a mutual improvement institution. The 
hotels are the Golden Fleece and Burbingah, and there is a posting house (Nowland's), 
whence the coach starts. There is an Odd Fellows' lodge in the township (lodge 
Australia No. 47). The surrounding country consists of very large plains, surrounded 
by steep mountains, overgrown with thick scrub. There is also a large tract of land, 
suitable for farming purposes, which will, in all probability, be quickly taken up under 
the Free Selection Act. The geological formation is trap rock and sandstone, and in the 
bed of the river is a large deposit of gravel, extremely well-adapted for the formation 
of roads. The timber growing in the district is plentiful and good, consisting of iron- 
bark, gum, box, pine, myall, and other woods. The population numbers about 300 
persons. 

GUNNEDAH STATION (Liverpool jilains district) ; occupier, Johnson, John ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep.' The nearest post town is Gun- 
nedah. Old charges, £60 ; new appraisement, £60. 

GUNNEDAH STATION (unstocked portion) (Liverpool plains district) ; occu- 
pier, Johnston, John ; area, 9000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The 
old charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £60. 

GUNNEE STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupiers, Rossiter, Thomas B., and 
Knapp, Mrs. M. F. ; area, 31,360 acres ; grazing capability, 1200 head of cattle. The 
old charges were £90 ; the recently appraised rental is £120. 

GUNNEL CREEK (Co. Wellington) is a small tributary of the Cudgegong 
river, flowing into it from the rough scrubby country to the S.W. of the Louisa creek 
gold fields. Metamorphic. 

GUNNENGADRA STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Readford, John ; 
area, 15,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40. 
the recently appraised rental is £65. 

GUNNIWARRILDI STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Cox, Sloper; 
area, 102,400 acres ; grazing capability, 2560 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£160 ; the recently appraised rental is £700. 

GUNNING, 34° 15' S. lat., 149° 15' E. long. (Co. King), is a postal town- 
ship in the parish of Gunning, electoral district of Yass plains, and police district of 
Yass. It is situated on Meadow creek, the Lachlan river being 3 miles N. E. , and the 
Jerrawa creek 8 miles S.W. The Cullarin range, a portion of the Great Dividing 
range, lies to the E. There is 1 steam flour mill in Gunning, which lies in an agricul- 
tural and pastoral district, with promising indications of gold, which have not, how- 
ever, as yet been worked. The nearest places are Goulburn, 32 miles E. ; Yass, 28 
miles, S. W. ; and Dalton, 8 miles N.W. A mail coach runs to Goulburn and Yass 
daily. With Dalton the communication is by horse or dray only. With Sydney, 
158 miles, the communication is by mail coach to Picton, and thence by rail. The 
nearest telegraph station is at Goulburn, and the nearest district court at Yass. There 
is a court of petty sessions, and 4 hotels in Gunning — namely, the Coach and Horses, 
White Hart, Telegraph, and Rose, Thistle, and Shamrock, also a coach office for Yass, 
Goulburn, and Sydney passengers. The surrounding country is mountainous, with 
undulating plains. The geological formation is generally granitic. The population 
numbers about 200 persons. 

GUNNINGBAHOLES STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Gardiner, 
J. A. 3 area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £40. 

GUNNINGBAHOLES, NEW B No. 1. STATION (Wellington district); 



250 The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Gun 



occupier, Gardiner, J. A.; area, 14,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. 
Charges, £30. 

GUNNINGBAHOLES UPPER STATION {Wellington district); occupier, 
Gardiner, J. A.; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

GUNNINGBA CREEK (Co. Gregory, Bligh district) is an E. tributary of the 
Bogan river, rising in some undulating country near the W. bank of the Macquarie 
river, in the county of Oxley, and flowing N.W. about 60 miles through flat and 
scrubby country, mostly taken up by squatters. It is fed by the Beleringa creek. 
Pliocene tertiary over lower paleozoic. 

GUNNINGBATE STATION (Wellington district); occupier, Pitt, G. M., and 
Sullivan, T. ; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Cannonbar. The old charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £80. 

GUNNINGBLAND BACK STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Goodall, 
Youl, Parker, Parker L., and Parker, J. A.; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 
4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

GUNNINGBLAN STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, uncertain ; esti- 
mated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £83. 

GUNNING GEACH (Co. Welksley) is a lofty peak in the bold ranges on the 
Cambalong creek, about 16 miles N.W. of Bombala. Metamorphic slate and basalt. 

GUNNING STATION (Wellington district) ; occupier, Parker, L., and Parker, 
J. A. ; estimated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The 
old charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £62 10s. 

GUNNOWLIA, W., STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Forlonge, W.; area, 
25,600 acres ; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

GUNNYL0NG STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Jones, John; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

GUNINGA STATION (Bligh district) ; occupiers, Brocklehurst, W. W. andE.; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Walgett. Charges, £30. 

GUNIPERMUEKO MOUNT (Albert district) is a lonely flat-topped hill, lying 
on the W. bank of the Darling river, about 90 miles S.W. of Bourke. Sandstone. 

GUNLY-GUMBY STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Peter, John ; 
area, 24,320 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the re- 
cently appraised rental is £30. 

GUNONGJINGEEAH STATION (Murrumbidgee district); occupier, How, Mrs. 
Leah ; area, 14,320 acres; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £83 10s. 

GUMPAN00LA, E., STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, McLeod, J.; area, 
28,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. 
Charges, £30. 

GUNP ANGOLA STATION (Darling district) ; occupiers, Reid, William L. and 
R. T. ; area, 32, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

GUNP0UGULLA STATION (Darling district)*; occupiers, Reid, William L. and 
R. T. ; area, 32, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £36. 

GUNTAWANG (Co. PhiWji) is a private postal hamlet, the estate of R. Rouse, 
Esq. , in the parish of Guntawang, and electoral and police districts of Mudgee. It is 
situated on the E. bank of the Cudgegong creek, on the road from Mudgee to Men- 
dooran, or between Sydney and Dubbo, at a point where the road branches off to 
Cobbora, 32 miles N.W., and Mendooran 57 miles N.W., to both of which places a 
coach runs once a week. Mudgee lies 16 miles S.E., on the main road to Sydney, 
there being coach communication once a week, and Wyadere, 12 miles W.N.W. The 
nearest telegraph station is at Mudgee. Guntawang, has 1 hotel, the Plough Inn, 
and a population of 200 persons. Excepting the extensive banks of the river, and a 
few creeks, the surrounding country is hilly, and better adapted to pastoral than to 
agricultural pursuits. There is a steam flour mill recently erected at Biraganbil, on 
the opposite bank of the river. Alluvial gold mining is carried on in the district. 



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The N~ew South Wales Gazetteer. 



251 



Many parts of the river are exceedingly picturesque, and much of the land under cul- 
tivation is of the richest and most fertile description. Sandstone and metamorphic 
slate. 

GUOGONG MOUNT (Co. Westmoreland) is a hill on the S. bank of Cox's river, 
near the confluence of the Konangoola creek. Sandstone. 

GURRAVEMBI CREEK (Co. Dudley) is a fine mountain stream, rising in 
mount Yarrahapini, and flowing E. into the ocean, about 10 miles N. of Trial bay. 
Sandstone and limestone. 

GURIWARA STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, Colless, H. and G. , 
jun. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £45. 

GURRXWARRA BACK STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Colless, W. 
G. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

GUEEIWARRA STATION (Warrego district); occupier, Colless, William; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £45. 

GUEE00GAA STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Smith, Jos. ; area, 
30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

GURR0TT A. STATION [Gwydir district) ; occupier, Bucknell, E. N. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

GUY FAWKE8' RIVEE (Co. Gresham) is a fine stream, rising in the N.W. 
part of the county Raleigh, and flowing N. through rough pastoral and well-timbered 
country for about 50 miles, into the Sara river, the two forming the Boyd river. It is 
fed by the Aberfoyle river and Kitty's creek. Sandstone and shale. 

GUY FAWKES' STATION [New England district) ; occupier, Park, Edward ; 
area, 25,600 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. Charges, £56 10s. 8d. 

GUY FAWKES' STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Rigney, James ; 
area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

GUYONG, 33° 25' S. lat,, 149° 20' E. long. (Co. Bathurst), is a postal township in 
the parish of Colville, and electoral and police district of Orange. It is situated on 
the source of the Lewis Ponds creek, about 16 miles S. of the Ophir diggings, and the 
confluence of the Summerhill creek. The Great Western road from Bathurst to Wel- 
lington, via Lucknow and Orange, passes by Guyong, upon wmich road runs daily 
Cobb and Co.'s coaches to and from Sydney, carrying the mails. There is a steam 
flour mill at Frederick's valley, 5 miles W. of Guyong, also copper smelting w^orks 
about 2 miles N. (at present idle). The district is well adapted for agricultural and 
pastoral purposes, both of which are extensively followed. It also aboitnds in gold, 
copper, lead, black sand (auriferous), and sulphur; and in asbestos, limestone, free- 
stone, and slate. There are 4 copper mines in the vicinity viz. : the Carangara, 
Brown's creek, Ophir, and Icely. The Carangara mine, in addition to its rich copper 
lodes, is celebrated for the production of a black oxide, caEed the Carangara hair res- 
torer, which is said to prevent and cure baldness, and which is largely used for that 
purpose. The Brown's creek and Ophir copper mines are not being worked at present. 
The Icely mine is situated 5 miles N.E., on 1183 acres of land leased from C. Icely, 
Esq. ; in this mine 8 distinct lodes have been discovered and traced for more than a 
mile. One lode is 3 feet 6 inches wide, 8 fathoms deep, and of solid grey ore, con- 
taining 58 per cent, of copper ; another is 3 feet wide, and contains green and blue 
carbonates, red oxide, and grey ore, of from 43 to 45 per cent. , the other lodes being 
of a similar general character. There are, also, thousands of tons of gozzan on the 
surface, yielding ] 5 dwts. of gold to the ton. This mi ne is pronounced by competent 
authorities to be one of the richest and most extensive ever discovered in the colony, 
and is leased by a company, consisting of Messrs. Tom Brothers, Stevens, and Sturt. 
A rich quartz reef is being worked at King's plains, 9 miles S. of Guyong, at which 
the proprietors have 1000 tons of quartz ready for crushing. The nearest towns are, 
Lucknow, 7 miles W. ; Orange, 12 miles W. ; Blayney, 10 miles S. ; and Bathurst, 
22 miles E. There is also an old settlement of considerable note, about 3 miles N., 
©n the Lewis ponds creek, where there are the residences of several gentlemen, promi- 
nent amongst whom are the well-known old colonists, Messrs. Tom, Hawke, Lane, and 
Glasson. Cobb's coaches run daily to and from Bathurst, Lucknow, and Orange. 
With Sydney, 141 miles E. , the communication is by Cobb's coach to Penrith, and 



.2.52 



tlience by rail. Guyong has a Wesleyan chapel, a national school, and a temperance 
society. The nearest hotels are, Oates's, 2 miles W. ; and Butler's, 2 miles E. , both 
on the Western road. The surrounding country is generally high land ; to the X. 
and E. it is of a mountainous character, well-grassed, and watered by many small creeks 
and swamps between the hills, which are of trap and granite formation and deposit. 
There is abundance of timber of almost all kinds, principally, however, gum, box, 
apple, and stringybark, the latter being the most useful for building and fencing 
purposes. 

GUYONG CEEEK {Co. Wellington). See Campbell's Creek. 

GUYRA, E., STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Smith, John; area, 
24,000 acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

GrUYRA, W. STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Scholes, Joseph, jun. ; 
area, 24,000 acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

GUY'S RANGE {Co. Wallace) is a range of rocky mountains, on the road from 
Cooma to Gipps. Land, via Buckley's crossing-place. It lies to the S. of the Eocky 
plains. Metainorpkic slate and trap rock. 

GYRA RIVER [Co. Sandon) is the N. head of the Macleay river, rising in Ben 
Lomond, and flowing about 50 miles in a S. direction, past the township of Falconer, 
to its junction with the Filbuster ponds, near the Great falls, the two forming the 
Macleay river. This river flows through splendid grazing country, scrubby, and 
tolerably well timbered. Hornblendic granite, trap rock, and limestone. 

GYRA STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Mclntyre, Mary ; area, 
19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. Charges, £165. 

GYRA ST ATION ( New England district) ; occupiers, Cohen and Levy; area, 
92,160 acres. Charges, £100. 

GYRO {Co. Macqnarie) is a small agricultural village, situated on the Barnard 
river. Sandstone. 

GWYDIR electoral district embraces the pastoral district of Gwydir, the W. portion 
of the pastoral district of Liverpool plains, and small portions of the pastoral districts 
of Bligh and Darling downs, and is bounded on the N. by the range dividing the waters 
of the Macintyre brook from those of the Dumaresq river (known also as the Severn), 
to the confluence of those streams, and by the rivers Dumaresq and Barwon (also there 
known as the Karaula or Macintyre), downwards, to where the surveyed and marked 
track from the Balonne crosses the latter river, at a tree marked No. 87; thence 
by that track to Johnstone's station, called Cimningundi, on the Mooni river ; thence 
by a line to Sir Thomas Mitchell's camp 1, on the Culgoa, by the same line prolonged 
till it cuts the 28th parallel of S. lat., and by that parallel, W., to the river Warrego; 
on the W. by the river Warrego, downwards, to where the 29th parallel meets it ; on 
the S. by the 29th parallel to where it is cut by Mr. Kennedy's return track from the 
river Warrego, by that track to where the prolongation of a line from Pockataroo to 
the Rocky ford on the Narran, in lat. 29° 20' S. cuts it, and by that line to where it is 
met by a line bearing due N. from the confluence of the Bokhara river with the Bar- 
won ; on the W. by the last described line to that confluence ; again on the S. by the 
Barwon river, upward, to the confluence of the river Namoi, and thence by the range 
dividing the waters of the Castlereagh and Namoi rivers and the Warrabungle range ; 
on the E. from the last mentioned range by a line bearing N. , passing between the 
heads of Turrabeile and Brigalow creeks, to a point on the Namoi river, about 2 miles 
above Dr. Milner's house at the Broadwater, and thence by a line bearing N.E., pass- 
ing between the heads of Goor and Maule's creeks, to the range dividing the waters of 
the Namoi and Gwydir rivers ; and again on the S. by that range, E., to the W. 
boundary of the pastoral district of New England ; and again on the E. by that boun- 
dary, being the fall at the W. extreme of the table land, to the N. W. corner of that 
district ; and thence by a line bearing N. to the range dividing the waters of the 
Macintyre brook from those of the Dumaresq river, aforesaid. This electorate com- 
prises the districts of Bingera, Moree, Coonabarabran, Warialda, Drilldool, Wee Waa, 
Narribri, Millri, Collymongool, Breewarrina, Muckerawa, and Walgett, and returns 1 
member to the Legislative Assembly, the present representative being T. G. Dangar, 
Esq. The number of registered electors in this district is 941, of whom 278 voted at 
the last general election — 1864-1865. 



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GWYDIR pastoral district is a vast tract of grazing country, lying between 
the district of TVarrego, on the TV., that of Xew England on the E., that of Liver- 
pool plains on the S. and S.TV., and the colony of Queensland on the X. It con- 
sists chiefly of open sandy plains, occasionally well grassed, sparsely timbered, and 
thickly scrubbed with myall and acacia pendula. It is watered by the Gwydir and 
Gilgie rivers, and their tributaries. It was discovered in 1S27 by Cunningham, the 
explorer. The chief towns of the district are Ashford, Bingera, Kunopia, Barraba, 
TVarialda, TVoodsreef, Bundarra, Yarrowa, and Moree. The number of freehold 
landholders in this district is 52, and of leaseholders, 1 1. The extent of land in 
cultivation is329i acres. Under wheat there are 139 acres ; under maize, 71f acres ; 
under barley, H acre ; under oats, 5 acres ; and under vine, 20^ acres. The popu- 
lation numbers 2015 persons, the area is 11,075 square miles. Live stock — horses, 
8492 ; horned cattle, 353,338 ; sheep, 526,762 ; and pigs, 526. 

GWYDIR, (or KrtrDirc) RIVER (Gvrydir district) is a noble river, rising by 
several heads in the TV. slopes of the Australian Alps, in the neighbourhood of the 
Bocky river gold fields. It flows N.W. and TV., a distance of about 445 miles, into 
the Barwon or Upper Darling river, near the village of Pocataroo, joining that river 
at a place where it swells into a fine broad well-wooded reach, after chaining an area 
of 9500 square miles. The upper part of the Gwydir is through rugged and undulat- 
ing country, splendidly timbered, and plentifully grassed, and taken up for pastoral, 
and, to a great extent, for agricultural purposes. This part and its numerous tributa- 
ries are also highly auriferous, and surrounded by large and extensively worked gold 
fields. The lower portion of the river, below Bingera, is like most of the streams in 
the district, having rich banks clothed with gum forest, or a sandy channel, with 
acacia pendula, and barren country at a small distance on both sides. The entire 
course of the river is, however, taken up by squatters, who have, by the expenditure 
of large sums of money, rendered it available for stock. The Gwydir rises in the 
county of Hardinge, in the pastoral district of New England, and flows through that 
and the counties of Murchison, Burnett, Courallie, and Benarba, and the townships 
of Nundle, Bingera, and Moree. It drains the Rocky river and Bingera gold fields. 
The head of the Gwydir is formed by the confluence of the Bocky river and Honey- 
suckle creek, and it is fed in its course by the ISTundle, Five-Mile, Two-Mile, Barlow's, 
Cameron's, Smasheni's, King John's, Baker's, George's, Clark's, Xew Valley, Church- 
yard, Allen's, Cope's, Keera, Angula, Bingara, Horton, Myall, TVarialda or Reedy, 
Mosquito, Miah-Miah, TVeah TVaa. The geological formation of the country through 
which the Gwydir river flows is chiefly hornblendic granite at its lower end, 
gold being found in the detritus of the- granite, and underlying large boulder-like 
blocks lying in the beds of the creeks. Farther on it is found associated with palae- 
ozoic formation, with which serpentine charged with chromate of iron is in close con- 
nection, and which appears to have been affected by diorite or greenstone. The lower 
part of the country through which it flows is generally of a sandstone formation, with 
alluvial and ffuviatile deposit. 

HACKING CREEK (Co. Cumberland) is a small creek, flowing into the head 
of port Hacking from a S. direction. Sandstone. 

HACKING PORT ( Co. Cumberland) is a fine harbour, situated about IS miles 
S. of port Jackson, and called after its discoverer. The Cronulla beach lies at its 
ST, entrance. Port Hacking is only available for small craft. It is surrounded by 
densely-scrubbed land, where excellent sport may be obtained in shooting the numerous 
wallaby that infest the district. Sandstone. 

HADD0NRIGKx& STATION ( Wellington, district) ; occupiers, Christie and 
TVentworth ; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£31 Is. 

HALF-M00N BAY (Co. Cumberland) is a small bight in the TV. shore of Long 
cove. The proposed township of Bourke town lies on this bay. Sandstone. 

HALF WAY CREEK (Co. Clarence) is a small tributary at the head of the 
Dundoo creek. Sandstone. 

HALLIDAY'S POIXT (Co. Gloucester) is a sandy beach, lying about half-way 
between cape Hawke on the S., and Farquhar inlet on the N; 

HALL'S CREEK (Co. Brisbane). See Gtjxgal Creek. 



254 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Hal — Hax 



HALL'S CREEK (Co. Darling) is a S. tributary of the Muluerindie river, rising 
in the W. slope of mount Gulligal, and flowing N. W. , through good pastoral country, 
into the main stream, about 6 miles N. E. of Manila. Hornblendic granite. 

HALL'S LAGOONS (Co. Courallie, Gwydir district) is a small creek or series 
of water holes, flowing from the S. into the Gwydir river, near Moree. Granite. 

HAMBURG - {Co. Northumberland) is an agricultural settlement, situated near 
Waratah, about 8 miles W. of Newcastle. Carbonaceous sandstone. 

HAMILTON PLAINS (C\ Mitchell) is a tract of fine agricultural land, lying 
on the Murruinbidgee river, 20 miles S. of Narrandera. 

HAMMILL'S CREEK {Co. Bathurst) is a small creek at the head of the 
"Wangoola creek, flowing through tolerably good agricultural ground. Sandstone 
rock, with alluvial deposit. 

HAMULA STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Walker, Thomas; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. 

HANGING ROCK (Co. Northumberland) is a remarkable block of red sand- 
stone on the bank of the Wollorubi brook, and lying to the N. of mount Coolabeon. 

HANGING ROCK, 31° 30' S. lat., 151° 15' E. long. (Co. Parry) is a postal 
township in the electoral district of Liverpool plains, and police district of Tamworth. 
It is situated on the Oakenville creek, the rivers Peel. Barnet, and Manning taking 
their rise in the surrounding mountains. The district is principally a mining one, 
both alluvial and quartz ; the chief quartz workings are situated at Foley's Folly, 3 
miles distant, where 3 crushing machines, worked by water power, are actively em- 
ployed. There are numerous cattle stations in the surrounding district. The nearest 
places are, Nundle, 4 miles W. ; and Inglebar, 30 miles N. ; with which places the 
communication is by horse or dray, over bush roads only, as also to Wallabadah and 
Goonoo-Goonoo. With Sydney, 265 miles S. S.E., the communication is by coach 
from Wallabadah to Singleton, thence by rail to Newcastle, and thence by steamer. 
The nearest hospital or benevolent asylum is at Tamworth, distant 36 miles. There are 2 
hotels, Presk's and Robinson's. The surrounding country is mountainous, being chiefly 
of primary formation, consisting of granite, clay slate, and old red sandstone, inter- 
spersed with trap dykes, mostly highly auriferous. The Hanging rock is a very remark- 
able mountain, from which the neigbourhood derives its name. The principal dividing 
range between the Liverpool district and the elevated table lands of New England is 
about 2 miles from the Hanging Rock mountain. The want of good roads is a great 
drawback to the district, and one between Hanging Rock township and Walcha is 
much needed, as by it a large and highly favourable tract of agricultural land could 
be opened up, with a never-failing supply of w-ater and other advantages. The popu- 
lation of Hanging rock, including that of Foley's Folly, amounts to about 200 persons. 
The gold in the district is associated with transmuted members of the base of the 
upper or top of the middle palaeozoic groups, with which serpentine, charged with 
chromate of iron, is in close connection, and which have been effected by diorite or 
greenstone. 

HANGING ROCK (Co. Parry) is a lofty peak of the Liverpool range, attaining 
an altitude of 3413 feet above sea level, according to the measurement of the Rev. 
W. B. Clarke. It derives its name from a peculiar overhanging cliff in the side 
of the mountain. It is thickly timbered, and scrubby. Granite and metamorphic 

HANGING ROCK CREEK (Co. Parry) is a small auriferous E. tributary of 
the upper end of the Peel river, rising in the W. slope of the Australian Alps, and 
flowing N.W., through the Hanging Rock diggings, about 16 miles, into the main, 
stream, between Nundle and Dungowang. Upper and middle palaeozoic. 

HANGING ROCK CREEK (Co. Rous) is a smaU tributary of the N. arm of 

the Richmond river, flowing 8i miles N.AV. of Lismore, through scrubby, but good 
agricultural land. Silurian sandstone. 

HANGING ROCK STATION {New England district); occupier, Crawley, 
Andrew ; area, 9600 acres ; grazing capability, 8100 sheep. Charges, £28. 

HANGING ROCK STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Brown, Mrs. 
Susannah; area, 32,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 



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255 



town is Wagga-Wagga. The old charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental 
is £40. 

HANNING STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Murray, Robert ; 
area, 11,520 acres ; grazing capability, 11,000 sheep. Old charges, £31 12s. ; new 
appraisement, £36. 

HAPPY VALLEY {Co. Parry) is an auriferous gully, lying between Wallaba- 
dah and Hanging rock. 

HARAD0N STATION" (Warrego district) ■ occupier, Bank of New South 
Vales ; area, 17,920 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Bourke. Charges, £52 7s. 

HARDEN is a county on the N. bank of the Murrumbidgee river, bounded on 
the 1ST. by Monteagle county, E. by King county, and W. by Clarendon county. It 
contains 48,506 acres of alienated land, and 1,055,468 acres unalienated. Its present 
boundaries, however, are open to modification. It is divided into the following 40 
parishes, viz. — X. parishes, Moppity, AVilkie, Douglas, Nurung. Goaramma, Galong, 
Cunningar, Murrimboola, Currawang, Warnbat, Nubba ; S. parishes : Childowla, Colac, 
Gobarralong, Bongongalong ; E. parishes : Bobbara, Eubindale, Binalong, Illalong, 
Mylora, Bookham, Bowning, Woolgarlo, Talmo ; W. parishes : Wallendon, Jindalee, 
Cullinga, Cootmundry, Cungegong, Cowcnmbala, Muttama ; and, central parishes : 
Cumbanurra, Harden, Begga-Begga, Cunningham, Croony, Jugiong, Birrema, Coppa- 
bella, Mooney, Mooney. The chief towns are Binalong and Jugiong. 

HARDINGE is a county in the pastoral district of New England. It contains 
5, 146 acres of alienated land, and 938,854 acres unalienated. Its present bounda- 
daries, however, are open to modification. 

HARDINGE {Co. Cumberland) is a hundred, which comprises the parishes of 
Maroota, Cornelia, and Frederick. 

HARD WICK RANGE {Liverpool plains district) . See Nundewar Raxge. 

HARGRAVE {Co. Wellington). See Louisa Creek. 

HARNHAM HILL {Co. Sandon) is a spur of the main dividing range, lying 6 
miles S. of the township of Uralla, and in the parish of Harnham. It attains an 
elevation of 3681 feet above sea level. Granite. 

HARRINGTON INLET, 31° 59' S. lat., 152° 36' E. long. (Co. Macquarie), is 
the entrance to the Manning river, and is a narrow sandy estuary, the N. head of 
which is a projecting point, known as Crowdy head. Sandstone. 

HARRIS'S LAGOON {Co. Harden) is awaterhole on the Boorowa river, lying 
in the parish of Eubindai, to the W. of the village reserve of Kangiaroo. The geolo- 
gical formation is granitic, with much limestone. 

HARRIS MOUNT ( Co. Gregory) is a barren granite rock, about 300 feet in 
height, lying in the midst of a vast wooded plain, on the Macquarie river, about 40 
miles N. of Warren. It may be seen from the Arbuthnot ranges, a distance of 
70 miles, and, with its companion, mount Foster, is the only elevation in the district. 
This hill was discovered by Oxley, in his second journey, and called by him after 
Dr. Harris, of the 102nd regiment, who accompanied him as a volunteer in his 
expeditions. From the summit of this mount Oxley describes having seen "an ocean 
of dark brown foliage on the vast level all round, the Macquarie flowing at its base, 
and being subject to inundation." 

HARRISON MOUNT (Co. Leichardtj. See Mount Boolemdile. 

HARRY'S CPvEEK (Co. Monteagle) is a small W. tributary of the Cookoo- 
m in gala creek, falling into it near its junction with the Boorowa river. 

HARRY'S (or Middle) CREEK {Co. Brisbane) is a W. tributary of the head of 
the Merriwa creek. Sandstone and schist. 

HARTLEY, 33° 33' S. lat., 150° 10' E. long. {Co. Cook), is a postal township 
in the parish of Hartley, electoral and police districts of Hartley. It is situated on 
the river Lett, 68 miles W. from Sydney, on the main line of road to Bathurst, about 
5 miles S. of the Great Western railway, and about 6 miles N. W. by road from the 
intended railway station at One-tree hill. The rivers Cox and Warragamba flow 



256 



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[Har 



within a short distance ; mount York lies 3 miles E., mount Clarence 3 miles 
N.E. by N., Hassan's walls 3 miles N.W. by N., and mount Blaxland 5 
miles S. by W. The district is an agricultural, pastor 1, and coal mining 
one. There are no mills or manufactories in the township, but there is 1 
flour mill, and 1 tweed manufactory in the district. At Petrolia vale, about 4 
miles N.E., is a mine of kerosene mineral, worked by the Hartley company ; and, on a 
tract of 1600 acres of land adjoining that mine, Messrs. Stanford, Mortimer, and Jolly, 
of Sydney, have opened a very rich seam of kerosene shale, 5 feet 10 inches in thick- 
ness, and yielding an average of 145 gallons of oil to the ton of shale. With reference 
to the shale obtained from this district, Mr. A. Roberts, at a late meeting of the Philo- 
sophical society of New South Wales, stated that he had been making some micro- 
scopic sections of the several specimens of kerosene coal that he could obtain, and he 
found that they did not bear any comparison with the Hartley coal. On being reduced 
to the thickness of a sheet of cartridge paper, the Hartley coal became semi-transparent 
on being held up to the light ; whereas, the other specimens, when cut down to the ut- 
most thinness, were perfectly opaque, and had no power of transmitting light. The 
Hartley coal seemed to be made up of homogeneous texture, and had a network of 
carboniferous matter ; but none of the other specimens had anything like that appearance. 
The latter company, the Hartley Western company, lately placed a limited number of 
their shares in the market, which shares are being rapidly taken up, and the concern now 
is in a fair way for soon being in working order. The report of the Hartley company is as 
follows : — ■ ' 'The works of the Hartley Kerosene Oil and Paraffine company are progressing 
rapidly, the whole of the plant and machinery being on their ground, near Little 
Hartley. Two iron buildings, each 30 feet long, one for the retorting house and the 
other for the distilling, are finished, and a third (60 feet in length by 30 in width), for 
refining the oils, is within a few days of completion. The bank of retorts is built. 
A large boiler for generating steam is set. The large steam engine is also fixed and 
ready. The stills, 5 in number, are being set ; 4 of these are of cast iron, and 
hold about 250 gallons each ; and 1 large one, for refining the oil, is of wrought iron, 
and holds 1000 gallons. 5 iron receivers, intended to hold the oils in their different 
stages of preparation, will be finished in the course of next week, and will hold about 
40,000 gallons. All the dwelling houses for the men are completed, a residence for 
the manager is in course of erection, blacksmith's shop, and workshops for tinsmiths 
and carpenters, and cooperage have been ready some time. Four large vats, each 
holding 400 gallons, have been sent up in frame, and only wait the plumbing work 
to be complete and ready for receiving the crude oils for chemical treatment. The 
large stack, into which all the flues terminate, has been finished some time, and we are 
informed that the company entertain strong hopes of being at work and producing oil 
within a fortnight from this date. The company was formed in July last, and the 
delay in commencing operations has been occasioned by various causes, the principal 
of which has been the difficulty of procuring the numerous castings (the whole of the 
building and all the plant and machinery being made of cast and wrought iron). 
Then the great delay in carriage, and other difficulties attending the carrying out 
works at a distance from the metropolis, and lastly the necessity of undertaking a 
series of experiments on a small scale before entering into large expense for machinery. 
The company erected an experimental plant in Sydney, and have been engaged during 
the last three months, under the supervision of Professor Watt and Mr. Nicolle, the 
well-known engineer, in making experiments on the extraction of the crude oil, and 
in the refining it so as to produce a good article. The substance to be operated on 
although in. some respects varies greatly from the Boghead coal, and therefore 
requires its own peculiar treatment ; but the results of these experiments is, that the 
company can now produce an oil of any -specific gravity required, for burning free 
from colour, and with scarcely any smell. It gives a far stronger light than the best 
kerosene, and burns like Mr. Young's paraffine oil, one-third longer ; in other words, 
its commercial value is one-third more than the imported American kerosene. The 
remaining heavy oils produce an excellent article used for lubricating machinery, 
and from them is extracted parafine, which is found equal to the best in England, 
viz. , that obtained from the Eangoon tar. The company have about 300 tons of coals 
raised and on the ground. The coal improves in quality as it goes into the hill, and 
the vein maintains its width, 5 feet 6 inches. Over this coal is a shale, a fine burning 
material, which will be used as fuel in the manufacture. Good fire clay has lately been 
discovered close to the works, as also a lode of fine iron ore. The quantity of oil 



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257 



procured from a ton of coal is 160 gallons ; the quantity of gas is 18,000 feet 
per ton, and the illuminating power of the gas is equal to 32 candles. Little 
Hartley" lies 24 miles S.E., and Bowenfels, 5 miles, N.W., the communication 
being by means of a mail coach running daily, and also a passenger coach thrice a 
week. With Sydney, 80 miles E. , the communication is by Cobb's mail coach daily, 
to Penrith, 46 miles E. , and thence by rail. Hartley ha3 a post office, a telegraph 
station, and a police office, where courts of petty sessions, and small debts, and dis- 
trict courts are held. Hartley is the head quarters of the police district of the same 
name, and has a force of 1 officer and 4 men. There are places of worship in con- 
nexion with the church of England, Roman catholic, and Presbyterian denomina- 
tions, and a National and a Denominational school. The hotels are the Royal, Far- 
mers' Inn, and Shamrock Inn ; at the first of which is the booking office for the mail 
and passenger coaches to Sydney, Bathurst, Mudgee, &c. Hartley lies in a valley 
amidst the peaks of the Blue mountain range, 2300 feet above the level of the sea. 
This valley was discovered by Messrs. Lawson, Wentworth, and Blaxland, in 1813, 
and was named by Governor Macquarie, in his tour to Bathurst, in 1815, the Vale of 
Clwydd, from a fancied resemblance to the vale of that name in North Wales; although, 
as the Rev. Julian E. T. Woods remarks in his history of the Exploration of Austra- 
lia, vol. I., p. 188, "If anything Australian could have resembled a true British 
landscape, no matter how rocky and wild, the foliage and verdure must have altered 
very much from what it now is. " The surrounding country is rugged and mountainous 
in the extreme, and hemmed in on all sides by high cliffs and deep tangled and densely 
scrubbed and timbered ravines. The geological formation is carbonaceous sandstone 
and granite, the former appearing chiefly in the higher, and the latter in the lower 
part of the country. The population numbers about 150 persons, and the number of 
dwellings is about 30. 

The Hartley electoral district embraces the E . portion of the county of Phillip, 
the N. portion of the county of Roxburgh, the W. portions of the counties of Hunter 
and Cook, the central portion of the county of Westmoreland, and the N. E. portion 
of the county of Georgiana; and is lounded on the N. by the Goulburn river, down- 
ward, from the confluence of Bylong creek, to that of Widdin creek ; thence on the 
E. by Widdin creek to its head at mount Coricudgy, thence by the great Dividing 
range, and the range forming the E. watershed of Umbiella creek, to the Colo river, 
at Sir John's Mouth ; thence again on the N. by the Colo river, downward, to the 
confluence of Wallanganbe creek ; again on the E. by Wallanganbe creek to its head, 
and by a line S.E. to King George's mountain, thence by a line to mount Hay, thence 
by a line to the Weatherboard hut, thence by Jamison's Valley creek to Cox's river, 
by that river, upward, to the confluence of the Kowmung river, by that river, 
upward, to the nearest source to mount Collong, and by a line to that mountain ; 
on the S. by the range, thence by mount Murruin to the main head of the 
Abercrombie river, E. of mount Werong, and by the Abercrombie river to the 
confluence of the Bolong river ; and thence on the W. by a line N. to the 
Isabella river, attheN.E. corner of Mrs. Murphy's 320 acres, at Ballyroe ; by the 
Isabella river to its head in the range dividing the waters of the Abercrombie and 
Campbell's rivers, by that range E. to the head of Fish river creek, by that creek to 
the Fish river, and by that river, downward, to the confluence of Solitary creek, by 
Solitary creek to Rydal, where the Bathurst road crosses that creek, by that road, W. , 
to the great Dividing range, by that range N. to the source of the Williwa creek, by 
Williwa creek to the Turon river, by that river, downward, to the confluence of 
Round Swamp creek, and thence by the range forming the W. watershed of that 
creek, the range forming the S. watershed of Warragunnia creek, and a spur range to 
Cunningham's creek, opposite the confluence of the tributary falling into it from 
mount Corcalgong ; thence on the W. by the W. boundary of the county of Roxburgh, 
being Cunningham's creek, upwards, a tributary which rises nearly south of the head 
of Cudgegong creek, by a line N. to the head of Cudgegong creek, and that creek to its 
confluence with the Cudgegong river ; thence by a line N. , by compass, passing to the 
W. of the village of Dungaree to the great Dividing range, and by that range E. , and 
and the range forming the W. watershed of Bylong creek, to the confluence of that 
creek with the Goulburn river, aforesaid. The electorate comprises the districts of 
Hartley and Rylstone, and returns 1 member to the Legislative Assembly, the 
present representative being J. Lucas, Esq. The number of registered electors in 
this district is 1113, of whom 416 voted at the last general election, 1864 — 1865. 
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Hartley is a police district, embracing the western portion of the county of Cook, 
the central portion of the county of Westmoreland, and the N.E. portion of the 
county of Georgiana, and an E. portion of the county of Roxburgh ; and bounded on 
the N. from the nearest point on the Turon river to Blackman's crown, below the 
confluence of Coolamigal creek, by a line N.E. to Blackman's crown, thence by the 
Great Dividing range, and the range forming the E. watershed of Coco or Cook's 
creek, to the Colo river, at Sir John's mouth, thence by the Colo river, downwards, 
to the confluence of Wallunganbe creek ; on the E. by Wallunganbe creek to its head, 
and by a line S. E. to King George's mountain, thence by a line to mount Hay, thence 
by a line to the Weatherboard hut, thence by Jamison's valley creek to Cox's river, 
by that river, upward, to the confluence of the Kowmung river, by that river, upward, 
to the nearest source to mount Collong, and by a line to that mountain, thence on the 
S. by the range to mount Murrain, by the range, thence to the main head of the Aber- 
crombie river, E. of mount Werong, and by the Abercrombie river to the confluence 
of the Bolong river ; and thence on the W. by a line, N. to the Isabella river, at the 
N.E. corner of Mrs. Murphy's 320 acres, at Ballyroe ; by the Isabella river to its 
head in the range dividing the waters of the Abercrombie and Campbell's rivers, by 
that range, E. , to the head of Fish river creek, by that creek to the Fish river, and 
by that river, downward, to the confluence of Solitary creek, by Solitary creek to 
Rydal, where the Bathurst-road crosses that creek, by that road, W., to the great 
Dividing range, by that range, N. , to the source of Williwa creek, by Williwa creek 
to the Turon river, and by that river, downward, to the point below the confluence 
of Coolamigal creek aforesaid. The place of petty sessions is Hartley. 

HARTLEY, LITTLE (Co. Cook), is a small hamlet upon private property, in 
the parish and electoral and police districts of Hartley, situated upon the Great 
Western road, 78 miles W. from Sydney, 43 miles W. from Penrith. The nearest 
place is the government township of Hartley, 2^ miles W., on the river Lett, at 
which place there is a court house and telegraph station, the bench being presided 
over by a police magistrate. There are 2 public houses at Little Hartley, the Rose 
Inn and the Farriers' Arms, the former kept by Mr. Markwell, and the latter by 
Mr. Bergin ; there is also a third inn, the Mount Victoria Inn, 1 mile distant, at the 
foot of that mountain . Mails arrive daily (Mondays excepted) from Sydney and 
(Saturdays excepted) from Bathurst, the latter town being 47 miles W. The con- 
tractors are Messrs. Cobb and Co. , who also run a line of day coaches, for passengers 
and light luggage, three times a week, namely, on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Satur- 
days. The passengers remain the night at the Bose inn. Little Hartley may be 
described as being situated in the S.E. corner of the vale of Clwydd. The valley is 
bounded on the S. by part of the Western road ; towards the N. by the long and 
narrow range known as Hassan's walls, which divides it from Lithgows valley, 
mount Clarence, about 5 miles N. , being a prominent feature in this range ; towards 
the N.E. it is bounded by the Main Blue mountain range, commencing at mount 
Victoria, mount York, the Darling causeway, and other prominent mountains, 
which, rising abruptly from the valley, divide this side of the vale into numerous 
narrow glens, presenting scenes of great beauty. The soil in the vale is generally 
adapted for agricultural pursuits. The timber is heavy, and parts of the valley very 
scrubby. The river Lett, which takes its rise in the Darling causeway, runs through 
this vale, and receives all the waters from the smaller ones, finally joining the river 
Cox about 1 mile below Hartley, and about 10 miles from its source. Coal has 
been found at the base of almost all these mountains. A most valuable seam of 
bituminous coal has recently been opened at the base of mount Dixon, about 2 miles 
due N. from here ; it is of a most peculiar quality, and, from experiments made, from 
160 to 160 gallons of crude kerosene oil to the ton have been extracted. A company 
has been formed to work it, and active measures are being taken for the erection of 
suitable machinery, &c. See Hartley. The existence of coal has long been known, 
the spot hitherto having been known as the Coal Pit swamp, being now known as 
Petrolia vale. The ascent from this valley, E. , is by mount Victoria, 2i miles to the 
top, the hill being If mile long, and the road being cut through solid rock in many 
places. At Five-mile is the toll bar, 4 miles beyond Blackheath, which was the site 
of a large stockade for the prisoners employed upon the roads. In the neighbour- 
hood is the celebrated waterfall known as Govett's Leap, and 2 miles from that 
the Weatherboard public-house, in the neighbourhood of which place is also a water- 
fall of great height and beauty. The great Western railway follows the course of 



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iihis road across the mountains as far as the mount Victoria toll bar, whence it keeps 
. a more W. direction, passing along the Darling causeway, and heading all the falls 
of water to this valley, at a height of from 3600 to 3800 feet above the level of the 
sea, and about 1000 feet above the level of the valley. The Darling causeway seems 
to separate the waters of the Lett from those of the Grose. The nearest railway 
station will be about 4 miles from here. Seven miles S. is the river Cox, which 
drains the greatest portions of the counties of Cook and Westmoreland. Its course 
is through a remarkably broken and rugged country. It joins the Warragamba at 
Burragorang, and then unites with the Nepean and Hawkesbury. This valley has 
always, and most justly, been celebrated for the grandeur and beauty of its scenery, 
and purity of its atmosphere. The most varied and extensive views may be obtained 
of the surrounding country, offering great advantages to the tourist, the artist, the 
geologist, and the invalid. The formation of the mountain range is sandstone, 
studded with shale and schist, and the usual indications of coal measures. 

HASLEM'S CREEK (Co. Cumberland) is the name of a railway station on the 
Sydney and Parramatta line, 11 miles W. of Sydney. 

HARTW00X) STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Brougham, J. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £34 10s. 

HAR.W0QD ISLANDS {Co. Clarence) is a group of low islands formed by the 
various channels of the estuary of the Clarence river. They are mostly cut up into 
small allotments, ami occupied, by settlers. They comprise the Harwood, Chatsworth, 
Goodwood, Esk, Eureka, Warrabarrabri, Bolardia, Yargai, Adam, and Woolbirei 
islands. They are composed of sandstone and pliocene, and alluvial drift. 

HASSAN'S CHEEK {Co. Clarence) is a small tributary of Gordon's creek. 
Sandstone. 

HASSAN'S WALLS {Co. Cook) is the name given to a steep chain of sand- 
stone hills, overlooking the vale of Hartley, and being part of the Blue mountain 
range. 

HASTINGS electoral district embraces the county of Macquarie, the N.E. por- 
tion of the county of Gloucester, and the pastoral district of Macleay ; and is bounded 
on the N. by a line W. from the sea, near the Solitary islands, to the range forming 
the S. watershed of the Clarence river, and by that range W. ; on the W. by the E. 
boundary line of the pastoral district of New England, being a line S. to mount Wer- 
rikimbe, thence by a line to mount Sea View, and thence by a line S.W., to 
the confluence of the Manning and Barnard rivers ; on the S. by the Manning river, 
downward, to the confluence of the Gloucester river, thence by a line bearing S.E., to 
the corner of the Australian Agricultural company's grant of 464,640 acres, near Mill- 
. stone hill, thence by the E. boundary of that grant, S. , to the Wollomba river, and 
by the Wollomba river and Wallis' lake, to the sea, about 4 miles N.W. from cape 
Hawke ; and on the E. by the sea to near the Solitary isles, aforesaid. This elec- 
torate comprises the town and country districts of port Macquarie, Manning river, 
and Macleay river, and returns 1 member to the Legislative Assembly, the present 
representative being W. Forster, Esq. The number of registered electors in this dis- 
trict is 1816, of whom 1133 voted at the last general election, 1864 — 1865. 

HASTINGS POINT {Co. Rows) is a small sandy point, forming the S. head of 
a small swampy lagoon on the coast, about half way between cape Byron, on the S., 
and point Danger, on the N. Estuary drift. 

HASTINGS RANGE (Co. Hawes) is a branch of the New England range, and 
forms the watershed between the Macleay and Hastings rivers. It is very lofty and 
rugged, one of its peaks (mount Sea View) being said to attain an elevation of 6000 
feet above the level of the sea. The range is intersected by numerous tremendous 
ravines and perpendicular heights, which Oxley, in his account of his second journey 
of exploration, describes as being awful to look upon. There are also several im- 
mense waterfalls, the principal of which is known as the Bathurst fall. The moun- 
tains are overgrown by large gum trees and thick scrub, and the general formation is 
of ferruginous sandstone and metamorphic slate. 

HASTINGS RIVER (Co. Macquarie) is a noble stream, situated in lat. 31° 25' 
45" S., and long. 152° 53' 54" E., the entrance to which is the large harbour of port 
Macquarie, about 220 miles to the N.E. of Sydney. The country bordering on the 



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Hastings is a pleasant undulation of hill and dale, richly clothed with timber. To the 
N.E. the river opeus into reaches of great width and beauty, and extending to the sea ; 
while a few miles to the N. and to the S.E. are some extensive lakes or lagoons, which 
have a communication with the ocean. It was discovered and named by Mr. Oxley, in 
honour of the governor-general of India. The Hastings river is about 7 0 miles in 
length from its source, to the N. of mount Sea View, and it drains an area of about 1400 
square miles. It flows through country well clothed with cedar, mahogony, and other 
valuable timber, and is fed by the Forbes, Wilson's, and Ellenborough rivers, and the 
Kinder brook ; Poppinbarra, Stony, Rawdon, Limebumer's, Narran (or King's), 
Yeppin-Yeppin, and Thone creeks. At its mouth, on the S. side, the township of port 
Macquarieis situated. Sandstone and shale, with alluvial deposit. 
HAT HILL (Co. Northumberland). See Motjxt Warrawolong. 

HAWDON PLAINS (Cos. Tar a and Wlndeyer) is the name given to the undu- 
lating table land lying in the S.W. corner of the colony, and bounded on the S. by 
the Murray, and on the E. by the Darling river. Pliocene tertiary. 

HAWES is a county in the pastoral district of New England. It contains 238 
acres of alienated land, and 935,442 acres unalienated. Its present boundari es 
however, are open to moditication. 

HAWKE, CAPE, 32° 13' S. lat., 152° 35' E. long. (Co. Gloucester), is a rocky 
promontory standing boldly out into the ocean. It is situated 16 miles to the N. of 
Sugar Loaf point, and may be recognised by two hillocks on it ; the coast between is 
low, and nearly separated from the main land at the back by Wallis' lake, which 
communicates with the sea at about 4 miles to the N. W. of the cape. From cape 
Hawke to Manning river the land is generally low and unbroken. Sandstone. 

HAWKE, CAPE, (Co. Gloucester), is a small agricultural and timber- cutting 
settlement, in the electoral district of the Williams, and police district of port Ste- 
phens. It lies on the Maclean and Wollombi rivers, on lake Wallis, and on the sea 
coast. The population of cape Hawke and the lakes numbers about 130 persons. 

HAWKESBURY (or Deertjbbttn) RIYER (Cos. Northumberland, Cumberland, 
Coolz, and Camden) is an important stream, named by Governor Phillip after Lord 
Hawkesbury. It is a continuation of the Nepean river after the junction of the latter 
with a considerable stream called the Grose river, issuing from a remarkable cleft in 
the Blue mountains, in the vicinity of the beautiful town of Richmond. Along the 
base of these mountains the Hawkesbury flows in a K direction, fed by numerous 
tributary mountain torrents, descending from narrow gorges, which, after heavy rains, 
cause the Hawkesbury to rise and overflow its banks as it approaches the sea. In one 
instance it rose, near the town of Windsor, 97 feet above its ordinary level. The 
Hawkesbury disembogues into an excellent harbour about 14 miles to the N. of port 
Jackson, called Broken bay. As the river is traced inland it becomes extremely tor- 
tuous, the distance of the town of Windsor (which is built on the Hawkesbury) from 
the sea, in a direct line, being not more than 35 miles, but by the windings of the 
river, 140 miles. The rise of tide is 4 feet only, and the water fresh 40 miles below 
Windsor. The Hawkesbury is navigable for vessels of 100 tons for 4 miles above 
Windsor, but its navigation is impeded by some shallows after being joined by the 
Kepean. The basin of the Hawkesbury is very curiously formed, and constitutes one 
of the geographical peculiarities of New South Wales. It consists of three slopes in- 
clining inwards — a N., a W., and an E. slope. The main stream comes from the N. 
slope. It is formed, in the first instance, of the Wollondilly, and its S. branch, the 
Mulwaree. In its progress N. the Wollondilly is joined by the Cookbundoon from the 
left, and by the Wingecarribee from the right bank. It then traverses the remarkable 
sunk valley called Burragorang, still keeping its N. direction. The next important 
tributary, Cox's river, collects the waters drained from the S. portion of the Blue 
mountains, flows in a general E. direction, and joins the Wollondilly, the united 
stream then assuming the name of Warragamba. In the next place, several small 
streams, rising on the W. of the Illawarra range, unite their waters and form the 
Cowpasture river, which flows W. into the Warragamba. The peculiarity about 
these W. flowing waters is, that some of them rise within two miles of the sea shore, 
and flow in the opposite direction from it. The main stream is now called the Nepean, 
preserving that name until joined by the Grose from the Blue mountains, when it is 
designated the Hawkesbury. After receiving the Colo and the Macdonald from the 



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Blue mountains, the Hawkesbury turns suddenly to the E. , and discharges its waters 
into Broken bay. The lower portion of the Hawkesbury is navigable, and the scenery 
on its banks is remarkable for its beauty and picturesque appearance. The total 
course of the Hawkesbury is 330 miles, and it drains an area of 8700 square miles. 
Its principal tributaries are the Macdonald, Grose, Colo, Nepean, and Warragamba 
rivers, and the Mangrove, Breakfast, Gunderman, Myrtle, Billong, Currency, Cattai, 
South, and Bickaby's creeks. Sandstone and shale. 

Hawkesbury electoral district embraces the S.W. portion of the county of Nor- 
thumberland, the S.E. portion of the county of Hunter, the N.E. portion of the 
county of Cook, and the N. W. portion of the county of Cumberland ; and is bounded 
on part of the E. by the N. road, from Wiseman's ferry to mount McQuoid, in the 
range dividing the waters of the Wollombi brook from those of Mangrove and Yengo 
creeks ; on the north by that range, the range dividing the waters of Parson's, Doyle's, 
and Greig's creeks from those of the Macdonald river to Monundilla ; thence by the 
range dividing the waters of the Widdin creek from those of James's or Baerami creek, 
and a spur range to Widdin creek, about three miles below the junction of Blackwater 
creek ; on part of the W. by Widdin creek to its head at mount Coricudgy ; thence 
by the great Dividing range, and the range forming the E. watershed of Umbiella 
creek, to the Colo river, at Sir John's mouth ; on the part of the S. by the Colo river, 
downward, to the confluence of Wollunganbe creek ; again on the W. by Wollunganbe 
creek to its source, and thence again on the S. by a line S. E. , to King George's moun- 
tain, thence by a line towards mount Hay, to the river Grose, and by that river to its 
confluence with the Hawkesbury ; thence by a line bearing S.E. , to Bickaby's creek, 
at the crossing of the Blacktown road, and by that road to Eastern creek ; and again on 
the E. by Eastern creek to the N. boundary of the parish of Prospect, near the confluence 
of Breakfast creek, by that boundary, bearing E. to the old Windsor road, and by 
that road, and the Windsor road, to its junction with the Pitt Town road, at Vinegar 
hill, thence by a line bearing N.E. to William Suttor's grant of 50 acres, on the N. 
road to Wiseman's ferry ; and again on the E. by that road to the S. W. angle of the 
parish of Frederick, by the S.E. boundary of that parish, to the Hawkesbury river, 
and by that river, upward, to Wiseman's ferry aforesaid ; but excluding therefrom 
the electoral district of Windsor. This electorate comprises the country 
districts of Windsor and McDonald river, and returns 2 members to the Legislative 
Assembly, the present representatives being W. B. Piddingfcon and J. A. Cunneen, 
Esqs. The number of registered electors in this district is 1671. 

HAWKINS'S CBEEK (Co. Darling) is a small S. tributary of the Manila 
river. Granite, with alluvial deposit. 

HAWKIN'S CBEEK (Co. Phillip) is a tributary of Lawson's creek, rising in 
the W. slope of the Australian Alps, and flowing S.W. into that creek, near Dun- 
geree. It is fed by the Beedy creek. Ferruginous sandstone and conglomerate. 

HAY, 34° 30' S. lat., 144° 57' E. long. (Co. Wamdgery), is a postal town and 
important crossing place on the Murrumbidgee river. It is situated in the parish of 
Hay, electoral district of Murrumbidgee, and police district of Wagga-Wagga. The 
district is pastoral only, the nearest townships being Maude, 35 miles W., and Booli- 
gal, 55 miles N. There is a coach running thrice a week to the latter, but no regular 
communication with the former place. With Sydney, 460 miles N.E., the communi- 
nication is by Cobb's coach to Echuca (Victoria), thence to Melbourne by rail, and 
thence by steamer ; or by Cobb's coach to Albury thrice a week, thence by coach to 
Picton, and thence by rail. The hotels are the Murrumbidgee Punt (Hay's), and 
Boyal Mail (Maiden's), Caledonian (Ledwidge's), and Bush Inn (Sabine's). Cobb and 
Co. have a coach office in Hay, whence coaches run thrice a week to Deniliquin, 
Booligal, and Albury. Biver steamers ply between this township and Adelaide, 
Goolwa, and Echuca, when the river is navigable, which is about 7 months in the 
year. There is a post and telegraph office in the township, also a branch of the Aus- 
tralian Joint Stock bank. The surrounding country is a dead level, lightly timbered 
and grassed, dotted here and there by belts of myall, scrub, and swampy fiats, 
covered with reeds and salsolaceous plants, which latter afford good feed for cattle. 
The township is prettily situated in a bend of the Murrumbidgee river. The geologi- 
<ial formation is chiefly pliocene tertiary, with fluviatile drift. The population num- 
bers about 300 persons. 

HAYCOCK PEAK (Co. Wellesley) is the highest elevation of a W. spur of the 



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S. coast range, lying in the parish of Coolambooka, 2 miles E. of the township of 
Bombala. The geological formation is upper silurian, with basaltic lava and nieta- 
morphic mica chlorite and talc. 

HAYCOCK REACH (Cos. Cumberland and Northumberland) is a part of the 
Hawkesbury river, lying above Mangrove creek. The land on both sides is alluvial, , 
and much of it taken up by small settlers. Sandstone and shale. 

HAY MOUNT ( Co. Cook) is a lofty peak of the Blue mountains, lying on the S. 
bank of the Grose river, and forming one of the precipitous sides of the tremendous 
ravine known as the Grose valley. Mr. Govett, who surveyed the various ramifica- 
cations of the ravines about mount Hay, found it to be connected with the main 
range of the Blue mountains, and describes the view from the summit as very exten- 
sive, and the scenery as very wild, consisting of stupendous perpendicular cliffs, at 
the foot of which flowed the silvery Grose river, at a depth of 3000 feet, through a 
green valley. Sandstone. 

HAYSTACK MOUNT {Co. Roxburgh) is a lofty hill lying at the head of Car- 
well creek, on the road from By 1st on to Keene's swamp, about 6 miles S. of the 
former place. Granite. 

HAYSTACKS {Oo. Nundewar), two picturesque peaks or summits of the Nun-- 
dewar range, lying about 12 miles E. of the township of Narrabri. 

HEADFORD STATION {Murrumbidgee district); occupiers, Southern Insurance 
companv, Melbourne ; area, 18,670 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. Charges, 
£41 lis. 

HEAD OF BRIBERA CEEEK STATION {Lachlan district); occupier, 
Howell, Walter; area, 13,000 acres; grazing capability, 350 head of cattle. - 
Charges, £71. 

HEAD OF GrILMORE CHEEK STATION {Murrumbidgee district)); occupiers, 
Mara and Macnamara ; estimated area, 7040 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. . 
The old charges were £31 Is. lid. ; the recently appraised rental is £30. 

HEBER8HAM (or Eastern) CREEK {Co. Cumberland) is a postal township • 
in the parish of Booty hill, and electoral district of the Nepean, situated on the 
Eastern creek, which flows through the lower part of the township, and on the main 
line of road between Sydney and Bathurst, 24 miles from the former. The district 
is agricultural and pastoral, the nearest places being the village of Bope's creek, 
distant 3 miles W. ; the township of Benrith, 9 miles W. ; and the township of Bar- 
ramatta, 9 miles E. The communication with these places, as with Sydney, 24 miles 
E., is by rail, or by van to Barramatta and Benrith. The railway station (Black- 
town) is 3 miles from Hebersham. The hotels are the Old House at Home and the 
Victoria. The surrounding district is flat, with occasional hills, the geological 
formation being generally ferruginous sandstone. The population numbers about 
300 persons, who are mostly employed in agricultural pursuits, and scattered over 
the various farms in the district. 

HEFFRON'S GULLY {Co. Phillip) is a grassy and well wooded hollow, on the 
N.E. side of the Blue mountains, near the Gap, on the road between Dabee and 
Merriwa. Sandstone. 

HELL'S HOLE 'CBEEK {Co. Roxburgh) is a small tributary of the Jabuck- 
Jabuck creek, flowing in the parish of Watton. Balaeozoic. 

HEN AND CHICKEN'S BAY ( Co. Cumberland) is a fine large opening on 
the S. side of the Barramatta river, lying about 5 miles W. of Sydney, in a straight 
line, and opposite the village of Byde. Sandstone. 

HENLEY STATION {A Ihert district) ; occupier, Bhelps, Joseph, jun. ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Berry. 
Charges, £33. 

HENRY ANDI STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Eather, Charles;, 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£61 17s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £50. 

HENRY BIVEB {Co. Gough) is a small stream, rising near mount Mitchell, and. 
flowing E. into the Boyd river, near Barney's hill. Sandstone. 



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HERMADEK STATION (Lachlnn district) ; occupiers, Jones and Street ; area, 
20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Merri- 
Merri. Charges, £33 10s. 

HERMITAGE PLAINS, BACK STATION ( Wellington district) • occupier, 
uncertain ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Merri-Merri. Charges, £10 12s. 6d. 

HERMITAGE PLAINS BLOCK (A) STATION ( Wellington district) ; occu- 
pier, Fanks, R. C. ; area, 57,600 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Merri-Merri. Charges, £75. 

HERMITAGE PLAINS BLOCK (A 1) STATION {Wellington district); oc- 
cupier, Whitney, William ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The 
nearest post town is Merri-Merri. Charges, £107. 

HERMITAGE, E., STATION {Wellington district); occupier, Ridge, R.; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Merri-Merri. 
The old charges were £30 ; the recently appraised rental is £70. 

HERMITAGE, E., BACK STATION {Wellington district); occupier, Ridge, 
Richard ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Merri-Merri. Charges, £55. 

HERMITAGE PLAINS BLOCK (H) STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, 
Hughes, J., jun. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Merri-Merri. Charges, £20. 

HERMITAGE PLAINS BLOCK (J) STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, 
Hughes, J., jun.; area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Merri-Merri. Charges, 

HERMITAGE PLAINS BLOCK (K) STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, 
Hall, M. R. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Merri-Merri. Charges, £40. 

HERMITAGE PLAINS BLOCK (L) STATION (Wellington district) ; occupier, 
Hall, M. R. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 40 00 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Merri-Merri. Charges, £40. 

HERMITAGE PLAINS BLOCK (M) STATION ( Wellington district); occupier, 
Hall, M. R. ; area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Merri-Merri. Charges, £55. 

HERMITAGE PLAINS BLOCK (S) STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, 
Strettle, William ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Merri-Merri. Charges, £20. 

HERMITAGE BLOCK (T) STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, uncer- 
tain ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Merri-Merri. 

HERMITAGE BLOCK (U) STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Label- 
liere, Charles E. ; area, 38,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Merri-Merri. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

HERMITAGE PLAINS BLOCK (V) STATION {Wellington district); occu- 
pier, Hanks, R. C. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Merri-Merri. Charges, £45. 

HERMITAGE (W) STATION {Warrego district) ; occupier, Raine, B. J. ; area, 
16,0 0 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Merri-Merri. 
Charges, £26 15s. 

HERMITAGE PLAINS BLOCK (Y) STATION ( Wellington district) ; occu- 
piers, Ryrie Brothers ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The 
nearest post town is Merri-Merri. Chai-ges, £50. 

HERMITAGE PLAINS BLOCK (Z) STATION ( Wellington district) ; occu- 
pier, Whitney, William F. ; area, 64,000 acres ; gracing capability, 4000 sheep. The 
nearest post town is Merri-Merri. Charges, £95. 

HER1TANI STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Hargrave, Edward 



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area, 37,000 acres ; grazing capability, 9000 sheep. The nearest post town is Merri- 
Merri. Charges, £54 13s. 9d. 

HEUVEY'S RANGE (native name, Goobang) ( Co. Gordon) is the name given 
to a chain of low hills, with occasional high peaks, which lies to the S.W. of Welling- 
ton, and divides the waters of the Bogan from those of the Macquarie river. Granite 
and schist. 

HEEVEY'S RANGE CREEK (Co. Gordon) is a W. tributary of the Little 
river, joining it near the township of Obley. Metamorphic slate. 

HEXHAM, 32° 8' S. lat., 151° 40' E. long. (Co. Northumberland), is a postal town- 
ship in the parish of Hexham, electoral district of Northumberland, and police district 
of Newcastle. It is situated on the S . bank of the Hunter river, on the main road, 
and equidistant (10 miles) between Newcastle and East Maitland. There are 2 
collieries, known as the Woodford and the Alnwick pits, about 2 miles N.W. of Hex- 
ham, and a post office, railway station, and punt across the river, in connection with 
a road leading from the railway station to Stockton, Cabbage Tree, Tomago, and 
Raymond terrace. The nearest places are Waratah, Newcastle, and Maitland, all on 
the line of railway, and the places mentioned in connection with the punt. With 
Sydney, 85 miles S. , the communication is from Newcastle by steamer. Hexham is 
under the control of the municipality of Newcastle. The surrounding country is flat 
and very swampy, most of the district consisting of extensive shallow lagoons and tea 
tree swamps, on which large numbers of aquatic fowl breed, and afford fine shooting 
for sportsmen. Some of the land is, however, very rich, and good crops of maize 
and other grain are grown in the neighbourhood. There are some large islands below 
Hexham, in the Hunter river, which at this place spreads out to a considerable width ; 
the principal are Ash and Mosquito islands. On the former fine oranges are grown. 
The navigation of the river was formerly greatly impeded by large sandy flats stretch- 
ing across the channel, on w r hich the steamers often grounded, causing a delay, some- 
times, of a tide ; but by means of dams the channel was narrowed, and thereby 
deepened, the deposit being scoured out of it. The geological formation of the district 
is generally carbonaceous sandstone, with deep black alluvial and fluviatile deposit. 
Hexham has 2 hotels, the Hexham and the Wheat Sheaf, and a population of about 
200 persons. 

HEXHAM SWAMPS (Co. Northumberland) is the name given to a large tract 
of marshy land, in the parish of Hexham, and on the S. of the Hunter river, between 
the township of Hexham and Minmi. Most of the available land is taken up by 
Messrs. Wentworth, Sparke, and Scott. During the wet season the greater portion 
of these swamps are submerged by the overflow of the Hunter river, and are therefore 
unavailable as agricultural land. The country is covered with thick scrub and dwarf 
timber. Sandstone and alluvial deposit. 

HIAWATHA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Bernard, M. R. ; area, 
58,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

HICKEY'S CREEK (Co. Dudley) is a small N. tributary of the Macleay river. 

Sandstone and limestone. 

HIDE'S CREEK (Co. Parry) is a small auriferous tributary of the Peel river, 
joining it at Bowling Alley point diggings. Trap and basalt, with quartz and 
granite. 

HIGHEST PEAK (Co. Buccleuch). See Blowering Mountains. 

HIGHLANDS (Co. Cook) is a tract of fine agricultural country, lying at a con- 
siderable elevation on the S. bank of the Hawkesbury river, near and to the S.W. of 
the township of Richmond. It is taken up by small settlers, and highly cultivated, 
producing fine crops of maize, wheat, and other farm produce. Many of the allot- 
ments on this tract of land were given to the settlers on the banks of the Hawkesbury 
after their homesteads had been washed away by the great floods of 1824. Sandstone, 
with alluvial deposit. 

HIGH PEAK ( Co. Clive) is a peak on the mountain known as the Doctor's 
Nose, near Tenterfield. Sandstone. 

HILDAS CREEK (Co. Wynyard). See Yaven-Yaven Creek. 



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265 



HILLGrROVE STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Hargrave, Richard ; 
area, 20,480 acres ; grazing capability, 10,000 sheep. Charges, £100. 

HINDMARSH'3 (Go. Richmond). See Travellers' Rest. 

HINDMARSH CREEK {Co. Wynyard) is a small auriferous tributary of the 
Adelong creek, on the Adelong gold fields. Gold has been found in tolerable quanti- 
ties in this creek. Metamorphic slate. 

HINTON, 32° 45' S. lat., 151° 40/ E. long. (Co. Durham), is a postal township, 
in the parish of Hinton, electoral district of the Hunter, and police district of Mait- 
land. It is situated at the junction of the Paterson and Hunter rivers, and to the 
S. of the mount Royal ranges. The district is an agricultural one, and has a large 
flour mill. The nearest places are, Morpeth, 1 mile W. and East and West Maitland, 
3 and 4 miles N.W., respectively. With these places there is communication by a 
mail car on alternate days, and with Sydney, from Morpeth, by steamer, or by rail 
to Newcastle, and thence by steamer. There are 3 hotels in Hinton — the Hinton, 
Australian, and Victoria. The surrounding country is flat and swampy, and the 
cultivation land in the neighbourhood lies low, and is generally subject to floods. 
Hinton is under the control of the municipal council of East Maitland. It has a very 
neat brick-built English church, also Baptist, Wesleyan, and Presbyterian chapels, 
and two public schools — one National, and the other Denominational. The geological 
formation is chiefly sandstone. The population numbers about 200 persons, chiefly 
engaged in farming. 

H0BBES MOUNT (Co. Argyle). See Sugar Loaf. 

HOBBINGrRAH (or Mangwell) STATION (BUgh district); occupier, Richardson, 
Alexander ; estimated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 sheep. The old 
charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £33. 

H0GAN CREEK (Co. Gough) is a small tributary of the upper end of the 
Severn river, flowing into it at the village of Severn, or Dundee. Granitic deposits on 
sandstone beds. 

HOKIANGA, N., STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Brougham, John ; 
area, 25,880 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Booligal. Charges, £43. 

HOKIANGA, S., STATION (Lachlan district); occupier, Brougham, John; 
area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Booligal. 
Charges, £40 10s. j 

H0LDSW0RTHY ( Co. Cumberland), one of the original districts of the county, 
bounded on the N. and W. sides by George's river, on the S. side by an E. line from 
the entrance of Bunbury-Curran creek to the S. arm of the river, and thence by that 
arm. 

H0LDSW0RTHY DOWNS (Co. Brisbane), an elevated flat, situated above 
the confluence of the Dartbrook with the Kingdon ponds, 178 miles N. N.W. of 
Sydney. This flat is supposed to have been at one time a lake ; but having been 
raised, or the surrounding country depressed by volcanic agency, it now lies 100 feet 
above the level of the township of Scone, of which place it lies to the W. at a distance 
of about a mile. The geological formation belongs to the lower coal measures, fossil 
wood being found in abundance, and large stumps of trees, like the remains of a 
forest, being in the ground. Over these are marine remains, coral, &c. 

HOLE IN THE WALL (Co. Cumberland) is situated in the parish of Narra- 
been and hundred of Packenham, at the distance of 25 miles from Sydney. It is 
a rocky projection, forming a rude archway on the shore. A little further on is a 
remarkable cave in the sea cliffs. 

H0LMW0QD STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, Millar and Dickson ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £10. 

HOMEBUSH (Co. Cumberland) is a small village on the Parramatta-road, about 
10 miles W. from Sydney. It is situated in the parish of Concord and hundred of 
Parramatta. The hills seen beyond are the Pennant hills, across the Parramatta 
river. The railway from Sydney to Parramatta has a station at this place. There is 
a good racecourse in this village, formerly the one where the metropolitan races were 



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rim. It is, however, since the formation of the course at Randwick, but seldom used.. 
There is 1 hotel, the Homebush. 

HONNING CREEK {Co. Northumberland) is a small tributary of the estuary 
of the Mangrove creek. Sandstone. 

HONEY'S CREEK {Co. Hardinge, New England district) is a small W. auriferous 
tributary of the Kentucky ponds, forming part of the Rocky river diggings. The 
geological formation is hornblendic granite, the gold being found in association with 
various gems in granitic detritus. 

HONEYSUCKLE {Co. A uckland) is a small agricultural village, lying about 12 
miles W. of Panbula. There is 1 hotel in the village, the Honeysuckle, and a scat- 
tered population, consisting almost entirely of small settlers. Coarse gold has 
been found in small quantities in the neighbourhood. Sandstone and metamorphic 

HONEYSUCKLE CREEK [Co. Goulburn) is a small tributary of the Murray 
river, falling into the main stream near Dora. Mica schist, with granite and 
quartz. 

HONEYSUCKLE CREEK [Co. Hardinge, New England district) is one of the 
heads of the Gwydir river, and is an auriferous creek in the Rocky river, or Uralla, 
gold fields, rising in the broken country S.W. of Uralla township, and flowing N.N. W. 
about 25 miles, through the village of Balala and the Honeysuckle valley, into the 
main stream, about 6 miles S. of Nundle, and at the confluence with the Rocky river. 
Its course is through rugged, broken, and scrubby pastoral country, timbered with 
dwarf gum and stringybark trees, and it is fed by the Roumalla creek. The geological 
formation is hornblendic granite, gold being found in association with garnets, 
sapphires, and tin ore, in the granitic detritus. 

HONEYSUCKLE HILL {Co. CooJ:) is a lofty peak of the Blue mountain 

range, attaining an elevation of about 4000 feet. Sandstone. 

HONEYSUCKLE HILL {Co. Roxburgh) is a peak of the Blue mountain range, 
lying in the parish of Falnash, on the main Sydney and Bathurst road, about 91 ruile3 
W. of the former, and 20 miles E. of the latter place, and on the W. of the township 
of R-ydaL It attains an altitude of about 4000 feet above the level of the sea, and is 
rugged and heavily scrubbed. The geological formation is principally red sandstone, 
with granite, limestone, and clay shale. The land at the W. foot of this hill is all 
taken up by small holders. 

HONEYSUCKLE RANGES {Co. Buccleugh) is a range of hills, lying on the 
E. of the Tumut river, and about 10 miles S.E. of the township of Gundagai. They 
derive their name from the thick scrub of honeysuckle trees (banksias) which cover 
them. Brungle, and several other creeks rise in these ranges, the principal peaks of 
which are the Kangaroo mountain, Kiley's hill, and the Red hill. The geological 
formation is older volcanic and granite. 

HONEYSUCKLE STATION [Bligh district) ; occupiers, M 'Masters, D. and J. ; 
estimated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £50. 

HONNUNA BLOCK (A) STATION [Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Kirk and 
Goldsborough ; area, 48, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The near- 
est post town is Booligal. Charges, £32 10s. 

HONNUNA BLOCK (B) STATION {Lachlan district); occupiers, Kirk and 
Goldsborough; area, 70,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The near- 
est post town is Booligal. Charges, £31. 

HONNUNA BLOCK (C) STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Kirk and 
Goldsborough ; area, 70, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The 
nearest post town is Booligal. Charges, £31. 

HONNUNA STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Warn, John ; area, 44,800 
acres ; grazing capability, 1200 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Booligal. 
The old charges were £73 15s. ; the recently appraised rental is £250. 

HOPELESS MOUNT ( Co. Clyde) is a lofty solitary hill, lying on the W. bank 
of the Bogan river, about 36 miles N.W. of Cannonbar. Granite. 



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267 



HORE'S SWAMP {Co. Goulbum) is a tract of marshy ground, on the Murray 
river and Hore's creek, lying between bold schistose and granite ranges, 8 miles S.W. 
of the village of Dora . 

HORE'S SWAMP CPEEK {Co. Goulbum) is a N. tributary of the Murray 
river, rising in the high ranges forming the E. boundary of the parish of Mullanjnndra, 
and flowing S. E. through a tract of rugged, scrubby, and swampy country, encom- 
passed by very bold ranges, into the main stream at Wagra. J. Hore has an allotment 
of 323 acres at the mouth of the stream. The geological formation of the country is 
mica schist with granite, quartz, and alluvial drift. 

HORLONGr STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Elood, James and Joseph, 
jun. ; area, 39,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £103. 

HORNBY LIGHT {Co. Cumberland) is the name of the lighthouse at the 
South head. See South Head. 

HORNSBY {Co. Cumberland.) See South Colah. 

HORSHAM CREEK {Co. Murchkon) is a small W. tributary of Maule's 
creek, flowing through rich undulating pastoral country, lightly wooded, and finely 
grassed. Basalt, with deep black alluvial deposit. 

H0RTQN RIVER (or Creek) {Gwydir district), is a fine auriferous stream, flow- 
ing from the S. W. of the Bingara golds into the Gwydir river, along the course of the 
road from Cobbadah to Warialda. It flows through rugged pastoral country, some 
of which is highly auriferous, and is fed by the Cobbadah, Noocera, and Rocky creek. 
The geological formation of the country through which it flows is generally upper 
palaeozoic, connected with serpentine charged with chromate of iron, and affected by 
greenstone or diorite. 

HOSKINSON'S CREEK {Co. Darling) is a small W. tributary of the Manila 
river, flowing through good pastoral country. Hornblendic granite. 

HOSPITAL, THE, STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, Loder and Capp ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £34 5s. 

HOULAHAN'S CREEK {Co. Clarendon, Lachlan district) is a K tributary of 
the Murrumbidgee river, flowing S. about 50 miles through the wooded pastoral 
country N. of Wagga-Wagga into the main stream, about 3 miles W. of that town- 
ship. The township of Jewnee is situated on this creek, and the road from Yeo-Yeo 
to Wagga-Wagga, via that place, runs alongside the E. bank of the creek for a con- 
siderable distance. This creek is naturally dry for about half the year. Slate and 
trap rock. 

HOULAHAN'S CREEK STATION {Lachlan district); occupier, John Hurley; 
area, 40,000 acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. The old charges were £38 
2s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £83 6s. 8d. 

HOUSE CREEK (Co. Selunjn), a small tributary of the Murray river, flowing, 
into it near and to the E. of Jingellee. Mica schist, with out-cropping granite on 
the hills. 

HOUSE FLAT CREEK {Co. Goulbum) is a smaU creek, rising in mount Jergyle,. 
and flowing S. into the Dora creek, at the township reserve of that name. The 
geological formation of the country is mica schist, with granite at the summits of the 

HO YELL CREEK {Co. King) is a S. tributary of the Lachlan river, formed by 
the confluence of the Geeringreemah and Forest creeks, and flowing N. past the W^ 
foot of mount Darling, about 18 miles through the Boorowa plains. It receives the- 
waters of the Deep and Oaky creeks. 

HOWE CAPE, 37° 30' S. lat., mag. var. 11° E. long. {Co. Auckland), is a rocky 
promontory at the S .E . corner of the colony, and at the dividing point on the coast 
between Victoria and New South Wales, an imaginary line being drawn thence in a 
N. W. direction to Forest hill ( a peak in the Australian Alps). Cape Howe lies about 
240 miles from Sydney, it is extremely rocky and precipitous. The geological forma- 
tion is quartz drift, resting on silurian slate and sandstone. There is a diggings, 
called the Bog flat, in the neighbourhood ; little has, however, been done there. 



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HOWLONG- (Co. Hume) is a border and postal township, in the parish of 
Howlong, electoral district of the Hume, and police district of Albury. It is situated 
on the river Murray, in a pastoral, and, to some extent, an agricultural district, the 
cultivation of the grape and of tobacco being well attended to. Albury is 18 miles 
E., and Corowa (or Wahgunyah N.), 16 miles W., both on the Murray river, and both 
crossing places. With these places there is communication twice a week by the coach, 
between Albury and Deniliquin. With Sydney the communication is by coach, via. 
Albury, to Picton, and thence by rail, a distance of 340 miles. There are 2 hotels, 
the Howlong and the Border Inn. The surrounding country is undulating and the 
soil sandy. The population of the district numbers about 250 persons. 

HOWLONG STATION (Lachlan district) • occupier, Rudd, Win.; area, 23,600 
acres ; grazing capability, 850 head of cattle. The old charges were uncertain ; the 
recently appraised rental is £292. 

HOWLONG STATION (Murrumbidgee district) • occupier, Matthews, Pearce ; 
area, 38,400 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The nearest post town is Albury. 
The old charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £117 15s. 

HUABA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Walsh, Michael ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 2500 sheep. The old charges were A'50 ; the recently 
appraised rental is £115. 

HUGO STATION (Darling district) ; occupiers, Reid, William L. and R. T. ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £60. 

HUNGANDRA STATION (Monaro district); occupiers, Robinson, T. L. 
and Sons ; area, 12,800 acres ; grazing capability, 340 head of cattle. Charges, 
£25 18s. 9d. 

HUG-EL MOUNT ( Co. Wynyard) is a high peak, lying in rugged pastoral 
country, on the E. bank of Darlow's creek, about 9 miles S.W. of the township of 
Adelong. Metamorphic slate and granite. 

HULK (or Lavender) BAY (native name, Quiberee) ( Co. Cumberland) is an 
indentation in the N. shore of port Jackson, lying in St. Leonards, and opposite Dawes' 
point, Sydney. There is a ballast quarry and a boat builder's shed on the W. shore 
of this bay, and several gentlemen's villas pleasantly situated at its head. Sandstone. 

HUME is a county in the pastoral district of Murrumbidgee. It contains 
23,447 acres of alienated land, and 920,553 acres unalienated. Its present boundaries, 
however, are open to modification. 

Hume electoral district embraces part of the pastoral district of Murrumbidgee, 
and is bounded on the S. by the boundary between New South Wales and Victoria, 
being the Indi river, downward, from its source in the great Dividing range to its 
confluence with the river Murray, and by the Murray, downward, to a point S. of 
Werinmunah (or Woore's) hill ; on the W- by a line N. to Woore's hill, and thence 
by a direct line N. to the confluence of the Colombo and Billabong creeks, including 
the whole of Atkins's run on the Billabong ; on the N. by the boundary line between 
those runs fronting on the Billabong creek, and those fronting on the Cookjedong 
creek, the Urana lake, Tirana and Urangeline creeks, and on to Wollondoon hill, 
thence by the leading range round the S. sources of the Urangeline creek, until it 
joins the range dividing the Mittagong and Yerong creeks from Doodle Swamp falls 
and Buckargina falls, until that range joins the main range between the Murray and 
Murrumbidgee, thence by that range E., until it joins the great Dividing range ; and 
on the E. by that range S. , to that source of the Indi river which divides the colo- 
nies of New South Wales and Victoria, aforesaid. This electorate comprises the 
district of Albury, and returns 1 member to the Legislative Assembly, the present 
representative being T. H. Mate, Esq. The number of registered electors in this 
district is 1140, of whom 542 voted at the last general election, 1864-1865. 

HUMOMBAH STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Forrester, ; area, 

28,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old charges, £40 ; new ap- 
praisements, £75. 

HUNGRY FLAT (Co. Northumberland) is a flat on the Great North road from 
Sydney to Maitland, lying near the Darling range of mountains. Sandstone. 



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269 



HUNGRY HILL (Co. Clarice) is a high hill, lying about 6 miles N. of Giro, on 
the New England route. It forms the edge of the Table land. Sandstone. 

HUNLONG, N., STATION; occupier, Tooth, Edwin; area, 38,400 acres; 
grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £10. 

HUNTER, is a county bounded on the N. by the river Hunter, and the Goul- 
burn to the junction of Widdin creek ; on the W. by Widden creek to the mountain 
of Coricudgy, by the range thence to Durambang hill ; on the W. by Umbiella creek 
to the river Colo, on the S. by that river to the Hawkesbury, on the E. by the 
Hawkesbury to the N. of the Macgonald river, or lower branch ; on the E. by the 
Macdonald to the junction of the Wareng creek, and by Wareng and Parsons creeks, 
and the Wollombi brook, to its junction with the Hunter. Its length from N. to S. 
is about 71 miles, and its breadth from E. to W., about 47 miles, comprising 2056 
square miles, or 1,315,840 square acres. It contains 2314 acres of unsold church and 
school land. The number of freehold landholders in this county is 82, and of lease- 
holders 54. The extent of land in cultivation is 2982 acres : under wheat there are 
800 acres ; under maize, 1086 acres ; under barley, 16 acres ; under oats, 32 acres ; 
under tobacco, 2^ acres ; and under vine, 37 acres. Live stock, 3655 horses ; horned 
cattle, 13,799; sheep, 10,926; and pigs, 21,931. 

Hunter electoral district embraces a S. portion of the county of Durham, and 
a N. portion of the county of Northumberland ; and is bounded on the N. , from the 
Paterson river, at the S.E. corner of J. P. Webber's 2020 acres grant, by the S. 
boundary of that land, the N. boundary of T. Nowland ; s land, and a line N. W. across 
the church grant and Government land, to the N. E. corner of W. C. Wentworth's 
1034 acres ; thence by the N. boundary of that land, the S. and W. boundaries of 
Lambe's 2560 acres, the N. and W. boundaries of Mitchell's 880 acres, and the N. and 
W. boundaries of Underwood's 1500 acres, to the river Hunter, at the S.E. corner of 
Gaggin's 2000 acres grant ; and thence by the river Hunter to the confluence of Black 
creek ; on the W. by Black creek to its W. source, and thence by a line bearing S. W. 
to Broken Back mountain ; on the S. by the range from that mountain towards the 
Sugar Loaf range, to the source of Mulbring creek ; and on the E. by Mulbring 
creek and Wallis' creek to the river Hunter, by the river Hunter, downward to the 
N. boundary of J. Brown's grant of 2030 acres, called Bolwarra, by that boundary, W. , 
to the Maitland and Paterson road, by that road to the road to the Paterson river, at 
Lang's mill, by that road to the Paterson river, and by that river, upward, to the S.E. 
corner of J. P. Webber's grant, aforesaid : but excluding therefrom the electoral dis- 
trict of W. Maitland. This electorate comprises a portion of the Maitland police 
district, and returns 1 member to the Legislative Assembly, the present representa- 
tive being J. F. Burns, Esq. The number of registered electors for this district is 
1353. 

Hunter (lower) electoral district embraces the S. portion of the county of Glou- 
cester, the S.E. portion of the county of Durham, and a N.E. portion of the county 
of Northumberland ; and is bounded on the N. , from the sea, by the S. shores of port 
Stephens to Sawyer's point, thence by the line of road to Clarence town, to the E. 
boundary of Lowe and Marshall's 640 acres, by that boundary, and the S. boundary 
of that land to the Williams' river, and by that river to the S. E. corner of Whitmore's 
100 acres, thence by the S. boundary of that land, and its continuation, W. , to the N. 
E. corner of A. Fisher's 1500 acres, thence by the N. boundary line of that land, and 
the S. boundary lines of D. C. Orpen's 320 acres, and W. H. Holmes' 320 acres, to 
the S. W. corner of Holmes' 320 acres ; thence on the W. by the continuation S. of 
the W. boundary of that land, passing through government land, Hugh Torrens' 2000 
acres, and Andrew Dixon's 1000 acres, forming the E. boundary of Thomas Bartie's 
2560 acres, passing through Clyment's 2000 acres, forming the W. boundary of W. 
Hickey's 600 acres, and crossing the river Hunter, to the N.W. corner of Francis 
Moran's 2460 acres' grant, thence by the W. boundary of that grant and its S. contin- 
uation to the S. boundary of the parish of Alnwick ; on the S. by the S. boundary 
of that parish to the river Hunter, and by that river, Fullerton cove, and the E. 
boundary of W. Russell's 1155 acres, to the S. W. corner of Kenneth Snodgrass' 1120 
acres, thence by the S. boundary of that land, and the N. boundary of J. Smith's 
640 acres, and their continuation to the sea, and on the E. by the sea to port Ste- 
phens, aforesaid. This electorate comprises the district of Raymond terrace, and 
returns 1 member to the Legislative Assembly, the present representative being R. 



270 The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Hun 



Wisdom, Esq. The number of registered electors in this district is 7S9, of whom 556 
voted at the last general election, 1864-65. 

Hunter (upper) electoral district, embraces the county of Brisbane, the greater 
portion of the county of Bligh, the W. portion of the county of Durham, and the N.W. 
portion of the county of Hunter ; and is bounded on the N., from the source of the 
river Hunter, by the range dividing the waters of that river from those of the river 
Manning, to the Liverpool range, by that range to the source of the Coolaburragundi 
river, and by the Coolaburragundi and Talbraga rivers, to the confluence with the 
latter of a small creek 2 miles E. of J. M. Lowe's 1280 acres, called Balaro ; thence 
on the W. by that creek to its source and by a connected ridge, thence, towards the 
junction of the Bell and Macquarie rivers, to the road from Guntawang to Cobbora, 
and by that road to Wialdrar creek ; on the S. by Wialdrar creek to its source in 
the great Dividing range at the head of Goulburn river, by that range to the source 
of the Goulburn river, by that river to the confluence of Widdin creek, and by that 
creek to within about 3 miles of the confluence of Blackwater creek ; thence by a 
spur range, and by the range dividing the waters of Widdin creek from those of 
Baerami or James's creek to Monundilla, and thence by the range dividing the 
waters of Greig's and Doyle's creeks from those of the Maedonald river ; and on 
the E. by the range dividing the waters of Parson's creek and the Wollombi 
brook from those of Doyle's creeks, to the S.W. corner of the Jerry's plains reserve, 
and by the W. boundary of that reserve, and its continuation W. forming 
the E. boundaries of Sharp's, Robertson's, Pringle's, and Macartney's lands, to 
the range dividing the waters of Muswellbrook, St. Hillier's brook, and the 
Rouckel brook from those of the Saltwater creek, Foybrook and Falbrook ; and by 
that range, the mount Royal range, and the range dividing the waters of the river 
Hunter from those of the Manning, X., to the head of the river Hunter afore- 
said. This electorate comprises the districts of Scone, Murrurundi, Muswellbrook, 
and Cassilis, and returns 1 member to the Legislative Assembly, the present 
representative being J. White, Esq. The number of registered electors is 1678, of 
whom 922 voted at the last general election, 1864-1865. 

HUNTER PORT {Co. Northumberland). See Newcastle. 

HUNTER RANGE (Cos. Hunter and Durham), a branch of the Blue mountain 
range, commencing at Tayan Pic, on the 33rd parallel of S. latitude, and running in 
an E. direction towards the coast. It separates the tributaries of the Hawkesbury 
from those of the Hunter, enclosing the valley of the latter on the S. , and spreading 
its numerous ramifications between the affluents of both rivers. The principal summit 
is Coricudgy. These mountains are more remarkable for their steepness and rugged- 
ness than for their height. Although precipitous, and nearly inaccessible in some 
places, yet as the most direct line of communication between Sydney, the Hunter 
valley and the N. districts crosses this range, cattle are constantly driven by this 
route. But, on account of the difficulty of travelling by land, all traffic between the 
Hunter and the metropolis is now carried on by sea. Formerly, a good carriage road 
existed, having been constructed at enormous expense by the Government. The prin- 
cipal peaks in this range are, Coricudgy, Nullo, Poppong, Momundilla, Werong, and 
Warrawolong. These ranges are generally well timbered, although in many parts 
they are rocky and barren. The geological formation is chiefly sandstone, with con- 
glomerate grit and porphyritic granite. 

HUNTER (or Coquox) RIVER {Cos. Northumberland, Durham, and Hunter) is 
one of the most important rivers of New South Wales. It was discovered and named 
by Mr. Shortland, September 19th, 1797 ; disembogues its waters into port Hunter, 
at the harbour of Newcastle, so called on account of the coal mines discovered in its 
neighbourhood. It was named the Hunter in honour of Governor Hunter, during 
whose administration the river was discovered. It has its rise from several streams 
on the Liverpool range, and runs in a S. and E. direction for upwards of 200 
miles from the ranges of the interior to the Pacific ocean. It is navigable only 
for about 25 miles in a direct line, or about 35 miles by water from the coast. At a 
distance of about 20 miles by water from Newcastle it receives another river of con- 
siderable magnitude from the N. , called the Williams' river, and at the head of navi- 
gation, or about 35 miles by water from Newcastle, it receives a second river, called, 
the Paterson, each of which is navigable for a considerable distance greater than the 
principal stream or main river. In consequence of the fertility of the soil along these 



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rivers, these districts are the finest in the colony. The lower part of the Hunter is 
divided into 2 streams by a number of islands, the principal of which is known as 
Ash island- These two streams, however, reunite near its mouth, forming the fine 
-capacious harbour called port Hunter, on the S. side of which the city of Newcastle is 
built. The Hunter is fed by numerous streams, the principal of which, besides the 
Williams and the Paterson, are the Page and Goulburn rivers, the Branch, Page, 
Omadale, BelTs, Munnimbah, Greig's, Jump Up, Pax's, Black, Lamb's valley, Wallis', 
and Doyle's Ironbark creeks ; and the Stewart's, Dart, Rouchel St. Hilliers, Muscle, 
Foy, Fal, Wollombi, West, and Glendon brooks ; the whole, with their smaller tribu- 
taries, draining an area of 7900 scpjare miles of country, much of which is of the 
richest description, and is taken up by farmers and settlers, who are employed not only 
in grazing, but also in agricultural pursuits. The geological formation of the district 
is mostly carbonaceous sandstone, with occasional beds of granite, trap rock, lime- 
stone, and conglomerate grit, derived from the porphyry of the ranges. 

HUNTER'S BAY and BEACH (Co. Cumberland) is a wide bight at the S. 
side of the entrance to Middle harbour from port J ackson. The bay is shallow, and 
does not afford good anchorage, being open to E. winds, and the bottom being foul. 
The Balmoral gardens, a favorite place of resort for pic-nic and pleasure parties, are 
situated on the 2s\ side of the bay. The beach is low and sandy. 

HUNTER'S HILL (Co. Cumberland) is a postal hamlet, in a rural district, in 
the parish of Hunter's hill in the electoral district of St. Leonards, and police dis- 
trict of Sydney. It is situated on the Parramatta and Lane Cove rivers, and Tarban 
creek, and is chiefly an agricultural district, with numerous villa residences scattered 
over it. Gladesville lies 2 miles, Eyde 3 miles, and Parramatta 11 miles W., the 
■communication being by the Parramatta river steamer. With Sydney, 4 miles by E. , 
there is similar communication, and also by the Five Dock road, after crossing the 
punt, to Ashfield, and thence by train. There is 1 hotel, the Garibaldi, and the 
Tarban Creek Lunatic Asylum, in the village of Gladesville, lies within 2 miles W. 
Hunter's hill is under the control of a municipality. It is situated on a narrow penin- 
sula between the Parramatta and Lane Cove rivers. The surrounding country i3 
hilly, and formed of sand and ironstone. It is celebrated for its salubrity, and is a 
favourite place of resort for invalids seeking a change of air. The seasons are exceed- 
ingly temperate. The population numbers about 200 inhabitants. 

Hunter's hill municipalty was proclaimed 5th January, 1861. The estimated 
annual value of rateable property within it is £4711 10s., from which (including go- 
vernment aid) it derived an income, in the year 1864, of £407 12s. 3d. ; its expendi- 
ture during that year was £219 15s. Id. The extent of its roads and streets is 15 
miles, and the number of registered electors, 143. 

HUNTER'S HILL (Co. Cumberland) is one of the original districts of the county, 
and is bounded on the S. side by the harbour of port Jackson ; S.W. by Lane cove ; 
and on the N.E. side by a line bearing E. 15° 1ST. from the point at the head of Lane 
cove, where the Eastern Farm Common line commences to Middle harbour; and on 
the X. E. side by Middle harbour. 

HUNTINGDON, 31 c 2(Y S. lat, 142= 44' E. long. (Co. Macquarie), is a private 
postal hamlet (the estate of Lachlan Lindsay, Esq.), in the parish of Huntingdon, 
electoral district of Hastings, and police district of port Macquarie. It is situated on 
the S. bank of the river Hastings, about 20 miles from its mouth. About 7 miles E. 
is a small stream called King's river, which flows into the Hastings river at a point 
adjoining the AVanghope estate ; the Thoul river is situated about 10 miles W. ; and 
Hynman's creek, about 4 miles W. , enters the Hastings at the E. boundary of Xas- 
mythe's estate. The Huntingdon creek flows along the E. boundary of the Hunt- 
ingdon estate, and Morton's and Poppinharra creeks flow within a short distance. 
Broken Bagoh, a mountain of considerable size, also lies near the hamlet. Port Mac- 
quarie, the principal township in the district, lies at the mouth of the Hastings river, 
about 20 miles E. , the communication being by boat or horse. With Sydney, 260 
miles N., the communication is by steamer or sailing vessels, which are constantly 
employed between Sydney and the Hastings. There are no hotels nearer than port 
Macquarie, but there are roadside inns, Huntingdon being situated on the road from 
port Macquarie to Walcha, in the Xew England district. The surrounding country 
is elevated and somewhat hilly, with a gradual declivity towards the banks of the 



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river, where the soil consists chiefly of alluvial dsposit, for the most part cultivated 
by small farmers. The forest thnb3r of the legality is superior, both as regards 
quantity and quality, to that found in most other districts of the colony, and is, for 
building and general purposes, in high repute in the Sydney market. The alluvial 
tracts which lie in the vicinity of the river, and which have not been cleared, are densely 
crowded with the various species of timber usually found in such localities. The popula- 
tion of Huntingdon consists only of the families of the Messrs. Lindsay (sen. and jun. ), 
in all 16 persons. 

HUNT'S LOOK OUT (Co. Harden) is a lofty eminence, situated on the W. 
bank of Barber's creek, above Bogolara waterfall, and on the S. side of the main 
Southern road, about 2| miles S.W. of Bookham. The geological formation is of 
granite and limestone. 

HURDLE CREEK (Co. Cowley) is a small W. tributary of the Tidbinbilla 
creek, rising in the scrubby country lying to the N. of mount Tidbinbilla, and flowing 
E. about 5 miles. 

HURSLEY, 31° 30' S lat., 152° 40' E. long. (Co. Macquarie), is a private postal 
township, in the parish of Hursley, electoral district of the Hastings, and police district 
of port Macquarie. It is situated on a navigable branch of the Hastings river, Morton 
creek, also navigable, being about 4 miles distant, and Rawdon island lying directly 
opposite. Hursley at present consists of only very few buildings of any kind ; the 
district is purely an agricultural one, there being no diggings within 100 miles. The 
nearest places are port Macquarie, 17 miles E., by road or by water, but in a direct 
line only about 11 miles ; Huntingdon, 8 miles W. ; and Holland's plains, 12 miles 
1ST. There is also a reserved township called Hay, about 3 miles S. With none of 
these places is there any communication except by horse or dray, or by the small 
vessels trading on the rivers. "With Sydney, 256 miles S. , the communication is by 
the steamers from port Macquarie, there being a mail road to that place, crossing the 
Hastings by punt at a place called Blackman's point, and the river being navigable be- 
tween the places by vessels drawing 7 feet. The general means of communication, 
however, are by post road, via port Macquarie to Raymond terrace, and thence by 
steamer. The surrounding country is generally low and flat, not, however, much, 
affected by floods, and principally of alluvial formation. The population of Hursley 
proper is not more than 30, but that in the surrounding farms, within an area of 5 
miles, exceeds 300. There are 3 sailing vessels constantly trading between Sydney 
and Hursley, the principal produce exported, being maize, bacon, pork, hides, cedar, 
and dairy produce generally. 

HUSKIS80N (Co. St. Vincent) is a small settlement on the W. bank of Jervis' 
bay, at the point where the Currambene creek falls into it. It was laid out as a 
Government township many years ago, but it is only of late that a timber trade and 
ship-building have been started, a fact which promises to bring the allotments, formerly 
unsaleable, into request. It lies about 11 miles from the post town of Wandandian. 
Sandstone. 

HYALITE RIVER (Co. Wdkool, Murrumbidgee district). See Edward River. 

HYANDRA CREEK (Co. Gordon) is a W. tributary of the Wylandra creek. 
Sandstone and metamorphic slate. 

HYANDRA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Kennedy, R. H. ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £75. 

HYANDRA, E., STATION (Darling district); occupier, Budd, Mrs. Grace; 
area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

HYANDRA, W., STATION (Darling district); occupier, Owens, Edward; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

HYNIVlAN'S CREEK (Co. Macquarie) is a small creek flowing into the 
Hastings river, about 4 miles W. of Huntingdon, and flowing along the E. boundary 
of Nasmyth's estate. Sandstone, and limestone. 

HYTHE ( Co. Cumberland) is a portion of the Five Dock estate, lying on the 
Five Dock road from Ashfield to Ryde, near the punt over the Parramatta river, and 



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on the N. E. of Five Dock bay, the head of which, near this place, has five natural 
crevices in it, somewhat resembling small docks at high water, whence the name. 

IANDRA BACK STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Smith, Thomas 
Arkett ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

IANDRA STATION f Warrego district) ; occupier, Josephson, J. F. ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £415. 

ICELY COPPER MINE {Co. Bathurst). See Guyong. 

ICELY MOUNT {Co. Bathurst) is a lofty mountain on the E. bank of the Lime- 
stone creek, near the crossing place of the Bathurst and Binalong road. Granite and 
limestone. 

ILLALONG CREEK {Co. Harden) is a small creek, rising in the S. of the Boo- 
rowa plains, and flowing W. into the Jugiong creek, about 6 miles N. of Binalong. 
It is fed by the Curiong creek. Slate and shale. 

ILLALONG STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Patterson, J. J. and A. ; 
area, 8320 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the re- 
cently appraised rental is £46. 

ILLALONG SWAMP {Co. Northumberland) is a swamp lying on the estate of 
Illalong (E. C. Close's) , to the E. of the township of Morpeth. Sandstone and allu- 
vial drift. 

ILLAMUHGULLIA, E., STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Harvey, Mrs. 
Jane; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £50. 

ILLAMURGULLIA, W., STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Jude, P. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £45. 

ILLANLA, E., STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Fletcher, G. B. ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

ILLAR0Q {Co. Camden) is a small agricultural village, lying on the N. bank of 
the Shoalhaven river, 8 miles from Numba. 

ILLAWARRA ( Co. Camden), a fertile, beautiful, and romantic district in New 
South Wales, about 50 miles S. from Sydney, It is also known as the Five Islands dis- 
trict. It extends in a N. and S. direction for a space of 18 miles along the sea coast, 
commencing at a point on which a range of mountains called the Merrigong terminates; 
in the sea, receding gradually S. towards Shoalhaven, and comprising about 150,000 
acres. The Illawarra mountain is a lofty and precipitous range, running parallel to 
the coast, and supporting the elevated table land to the W. The view is indescribably 
beautiful and magnificent. The district of Illawarra consists of a belt of land en- 
closed between the mountain and the ocean, increasing in breadth to the S. , thickly 
wooded, and for the most part of exuberant fertility. The descent of the mountain, 
about 1500 feet high, is the most precipitous used in the colony for a road. Baron Hugel, 
an Austrian gentleman, who resided for some time in New South Wales, devoting him- 
self to scientific researches, observed that the scenery and vegetation of Illawarra 
strongly reminded him of scenes he had visited in the interior of Ceylon. The geo- 
logical formation of the district is principally carbonaceous sandstone. J. Mackenzie, 
Esq. , the Government examiner of coal mines for the district, has recently discovered 
a magnificent seam of anthracite coal, which he believes to be the identical one worked 
at the Fitzroy iron mines. There are exceedingly rich coal mines in the N. part of the 
district ; in the neighbourhood of Wollongong these mines are best known as the 
mount Keira, Bellambi, and Bulli mines. On the American creek, a fine stream of 
water flowing from the W. ranges, a bed of kerosene shale has lately been discovered. 
The Illawarra district is celebrated for its dairy farming, and the excellence of its 
butter is well-known all over Australia. The chief towns are Wollongong, Kiama, and 
Daptc. The district is under the control of a munici]; ality, known as that of central 
Illawarra, and established in August 19th, 1859. 

Illawarra electoral district embraces a N.E. portion of the county of Camden, 
and a S. E. portion of the county of Cumberland ; and is bounded on the N. by a line, 
S.W., from the Coal cliff, to the confluence of the Cataract creek with the Cataract" 
river, and by that river, downwards, to the confluence of Wallandoola creek ; on the 

T 



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The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Ill — Ing 



W. by that creek, upwards, to a point due N. of the confluence of Cordeaux river 
and Cordeaux creek, thence by a line S. to that confluence, thence by a line S. to 
mount Murray, in the Ilia warra range, and by that range, S., to the source of the 
Macquarie rivulet ; on the S. by that rivulet to the Illawarra lake, and by that lake 
to the sea ; and on the E. by the sea to the Coal cliff, aforesaid. This electorate 
comprises the district of Wollongong, and returns 1 member to the Legislative 
Assembly, the present representative being P. H. Osborne, Esq. The number of 
registered electors in this district is 1257, of whom 989 voted at the last general 
election, 1864-1865. 

ILLAWARRA {Co. Camden) is an incorporated district of the county, and 
containing 570,557 acres. It embraces the E. portion of the county of Camden and a 
small portion of the county of St. Vincent. It is under the control of a council, con- 
sisting of 7 members, the warden included. 

ILLAWARRA LAKE {Co. Camden) is a fine inlet, or wide arm of the sea, 
lying to the S.E. of Dapto, aud forming a beautiful and picturesque lake. It is 60 
miles S. of the city of Sydney, and is a favorite place of resort for sportsmen, from 
the number of aquatic fowl frequenting its waters. Sandy estuary. 

ILLAWARRA (or Merrigong) RANGE ( Co. Camden) is a lofty and precipi- 
tous range of mountains, forming the E . edge of the S. table land which encloses the 
fertile Illawarra valley. It extends in a N. and S. direction for about 18 miles, com- 
mencing near Bulli, on the coast, running to the Shoalhaven river, and generally lying 
within about 5 miles of the sea, but receding further inland as it approaches the 
Shoalhaven river, where it is better known as the Cambewarra range. The descent 
from the table land at the N. end, down mount Keira, is, perhaps, the most precipi- 
tous used a road in the colony, and the scenery is of the most romantic and magnificent 
description. The range is well wooded, thickly scrubbed, and abounds in native 
game. Carboniferous sandstone. 

ILLAWLA STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Fletcher, Dugald ; area, 
51,200 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 4s. 

ILLUME STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Pring, John ; area, 21,760 
acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. The old charges were £50 ; the recently ap- 
praised rental is £40. 

ILUKA HEAD, 29° 26 v S. lat., 153° 22' E. long. {Co. Richmond), is a small 
hamlet on the N. head of the entrance to the Clarence river. Sandstone. 

IMBERGES, E., STATION (Warrego district); occupier, Forrester, George; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £175. 

IMLAY MOUNT (Co. Auckland) is a lofty and remarkable detached peak, 
standing in the midst of a tract of rugged pastoral country, and being a prominent 
land mark, particularly for vessels making Twofold bay. It lies about 9 miles S.W. 
of that bay, and was named after Dr. Imlay, the first explorer of the surrounding 
country. It attains an elevation of 2900 feet above the level of the sea, and may be 
seen in clear weather at a distance of 60 miles. The geological formation is sandstone, 
trap rock and slate. 

INACCESSIBLE MOUNT (Co. Roxburgh) is a high peak in the Blue mountain 
range, lying about 12 miles S. of Bylstone. Granite, slate, and limestone. 

INCHBYRA STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Woodhouse, Mrs. Ellen ; 
area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Chai-ges, £92 16s. 3d. 

INDIAN HEAD (Co. Macquarie) is a rocky promontory, standing boldly out 
into the sea, and situated between the entrance to the Manning river and Camden 
haven. It was so called by Captain Cook from his seeing a number of Indians, as he 
then called the aboriginals, upon it. The Mermaid reef lies about 3 miles S. Sand- 
stone. 

INDI STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Gray, Basil ; estimated area, 
24,000 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old charges were £50 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £27 5s. 

INGrALARA CREEK {Co. Beresford) is a small E. tributary of the Murrum- 
bidgee river, flowing into it a few miles N. of the township of Clinton. The Messrs. 



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275 



Byrie have 160 acres of agricultural land on this creek. Trap rock and porphyritic 
granite. 

INGEBIRAH {Co. Wallace) is a high peak, lying in the rough hilly country on 
the road from Cooma to Gipps Land, via Jindabyne, S. of Grose's plains. Metamor- 
phic slate and trap rock. 

INGrEKGrDODBEE WATERFALL (Co. Wallace) is a cataract in the river of 
i;hat name, near its source. Granite and schist. 

INGLEBAR ( Co. Vernon) is a small township in the electoral district of New 
England, and police district of Armidale. It is situated on the Ingleba creek, about 
30 miles N.E. of Hanging Rock, and is in a good agricultural district. Sandstone, 
slate, and limestone. 

INGLEBA CREEK {Co. Vernon) is a small S.E. tributary of the head of the 
Muluerindie river. Palaeozoic. 

INGLEBA STATION" (New England district) ; occupiers, Connel, J. and Mrs. 
Agnes D. ; area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Walcha. The old charges were £49 10s. ; the recently appraised rental is £70. 

INGLEGA STATION (Bligh district) ; occupiers, Christie and Wentworth ; 
area, 19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £34 8s. ; 
the recently appraised rental is £60. 

INGLIS is a county in the pastoral districts of Liverpool plains and New Eng- 
land. It contains 15,181 acres of alienated land, and 544,819 acres unalienated. Its 
present boundaries, however, are open to modification. 

INKERMANN STATION {Albert district); occupiers, Cunningham and Mac- 
redie ; area, 128,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £50. 

IMBANA {Co. Drake) is a small agricultural settlement, lying 18 miles E. of 
Tenterfield. Sandstone. 

INNES CREEK STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Chapman, Ann ; area, 
48,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1200 head of cattle. Charges, £66 13s. 3d. 

INNES MOUTH {Co. Roxburgh) is a remarkably deep and rugged ravine in the 
Blue mountains, near point limes. It is one of the sunk valleys of New South Wales, 
and is walled in by lofty and perpendicular rocky sandstone cliffs. 

INNES POINT {Co. Roxburgh) is a lofty peak in the Blue mountain range, 
lying on the W. bank of the Umbiella creek, and near the village reserve of Worengy. 
It is on the N. side of the road from Dabee to Bowenfels, via the Capertee river. 
Sandstone. 

INNES LAKE {Co. Macquarie) is a large salt lagoon, on the coast, lying about 
6 miles S. of port Macquarie, and on the E. of the road from that place to Cundleton. 
Alluvial. 

INNSPRUCK STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, uncertain; estimated 
.area, 32, 000 acres ; grazing capability, uncertain. The old charges were £36 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £125. 

INSOLVENT CREEK {Co. Roxburgh) is a small auriferous S. tributary of the 
Turon river, flowing into it at Insolvent corner, at the N. of the township of Sofala, 
The geological formation is sandstone, limestone, and slate, with occasional outcropping 
quartz ridges. 

INVERAHY (or Lumley) {Co. Argyle) is an agricultural settlement, lying to 
the S. of the township of Bungonia, distant about 5 miles, and to the W. of the 
Shoalhaven river. The geological formation of this part of the country is somewhat 
singular, consisting of basaltic rock, with trap, forming a high and tolerably level 
range, having on one flank a mass of conglomerate and sandstone, much broken and 
distorted, and dipping to W. N. W. at angles from 54° to 65°, and on the other, at the 
Inverary quarry, by hard yellow sandstone, dipping E. S. E. 68°. The intrusion of 
trap has produced metamorphic results, and in one place a singular magnetic pisolitie 
iron ore, with a mixture of unmagnetized ore, in particles the size of a pea, and con- 
nected by various crystallized minerals, is found. 



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INVERELL, 29° 45' S. lat., 151° 8' E. long. (Co. Gough), is a township in the 
parish of Inverell, electoral district of Tenterneld, and police district of Wellingrove, 
situated on the Macintyre river, 383 miles N.W. of Sydney, on the main line of road 
for stock travelling to Queensland and Melbourne, and the usual delivery place for 
stock travelling to the latter. There is 1 steam flour mill at work in the township, 
which is in a district unsurpassed in the colony for agriculture, which is being rapidly 
developed ; the cultivation of the grape is attracting particular attention, and 18 miles 
N. lies the celebrated Bukkulla vineyard, the wines from which are amongst the best 
produced in New South Wales ; it is considered by good judges that the whole of the 
soil in the neighbourhood of Inverell is equally well adapted for the production of the 
grape, as that at Bukkulla, as it lies in the same valley, and is generally of the same 
nature. The country is also remarkable for its great grazing capability. The nearest 
places are Bundarra, 30 miles N. Glen Innes, 40 miles E. Wellingrove, 30 miles E. 
by N. Ashford, 40 miles N. and Warialda, 44 miles W. ; with these places there is 
communication only by horse and dray, the mails being conveyed on horseback. With 
Sydney, 383 miles S. E. , the communication is by horse, via Bundarra to Bendemeer, 
90 miles, thence by coach to Singleton, thence by rail to Newcastle, and thence by 
steamer. Tenterfield is the nearest telegraph station, Armidale the petty sessions, and 
Glen Innis, the district court township. Inverell has a post and money order office, 
a court house, a Presbyterian church, and a National school ; there is a good race- 
course lying to the S. W. of the township. The hotels are the Inverell, 
Macintyre, and Royal hotel. There is a branch of the Sycluey Insurance 
company in the township. The surrounding country is an undulating valley, with 
ranges of medium height on each side, and table land, partly open and partly 
timbered. The geological formation is basaltic lava, decomposed on dark blue basaltic 
rock, the soil varying from deep black to deep red, and being of an exceedingly rich 
nature ; basaltic cliffs of considerable height occur at each bend of the river. On the 
Middle creek, 2 miles S. E. from the township, is a highly picturesque waterfall, with 
surrounding scenery of wild and rugged grandeur. The first land in the township 
was sold in 1859 ; in the locality, 2500 acres are enclosed; 900 acres under wheat, &c. ; 
and there is a commonage of 8000 acres. The population numbers about 250 
persons. 

INVERELL STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Campbell, Mrs. 
Catherine ; estimated area, 50,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The 
nearest post town is Inverell. The old charges were £123 15s. ; the recently appraised 
rental is £320. 

ION A (Co. DurJiam) is a small settlement near Largs. 

IRISH CHEEK (Co. Buccleugh) is a small tributary of the Adjungbilli creek, 
rising in the E. slope of mount Tumorrama. Trap and sandstone. 

IRISH JACK'S CREEK (Co. Harden) is a small E. tributary of the Currawong 
creek. It flows through J. C. Wolman's 160 acres allotment. Metamorphic slate. 

IRISH TOWN ( Co. Cumberland) is a small village of New South Wales, situated 
in the parish of Liberty plains, on the Liverpool road, 14 miles from Sydney. Sand- 
stone. 

IRISH TOWN (Co. Georgiana) is a small hamlet, situated on the Reedy creek, 
a few miles from the township of Laggan. Metamorphic slate and limestone. 

IR0NBARK CREEK (Co. Darling). See Tiabundie Creek. 

IR0NBARK CREEK (Co. Northumberland) is a small S. tributary of the 
Hunter river, falling into it below Hexham, and being crossed by the road to New- 
castle by means of a good bridge. It flows out of the Hexham swamps. Sandstone. 
Also a small tributary of the Mangrove creek. 

IRQNBARE CREEK STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Spencer, 
Messrs. ; area, 4000 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 head of cattle. Old charges, 
£123 15s. ; new appraisement, £140. 

IR0NBARK STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Windeyer, John and W. 
C. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Young. Charges, £30. 



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IRQNBARKS {Co. Cumberland) is a small agricultural settlement on the S. 
road. 7 miles from Sydney. 

IRONBARKS, 32° 56' S. lat., 149° T E. long. {Co. Wellington), is a postal 
mining township, in the electoral and police districts of Wellington. It is situated 
on a small watercourse, which flows only for a few days after heavy rain, and which 
is known as the Ironbark creek, the Macquarie river running within 6 miles N.E. 
The district is exclusively a mining one, both quartz and alluvial, the Muckerwa dig- 
gings being 5 miles distant, N.E. ; the Junction, 7 miles N.E. ; Burrendong, 12 miles 
N. by E. ; Stony creek, 2 miles S.E. ; and the Three Hills, from 3 to 5 miles W. 
There are 4 quartz-crushing machines at work in the neighbourhood. The nearest 
places are, Molong, 22 miles S. ; Wellington, 25 miles W. ; and Orange, 37 miles 
S.E. ; there being a two-horse mail coach running to and from Orange and Wellington 
respectively thrice a week ; the communication with Molong is by horse or dray only, 
the mail being conveyed on horseback thrice a week. With Sydney, 189 miles E.S.E., 
the communication is by Cobb's coach, via Orange and Bathurst, along the Great 
Western road to Penrith, and thence by rail. Ironbarks is the head quarters of the 
Stony creek gold field, and has a post and money order office, a court of petty sessions, 
and a resident commissioner. The hotels are the Digger's Best, Post Office, and Lon- 
don Tavern ; Cobb and Co.'s coach booking office being at the Post Office stores 
(Isaacs'). The surrounding country is elevated and mountainous, the geological for- 
mation is micaeous schists and gneiss, with upper ^and middle palaeozoic, probably 
devonian, connected with serpentine charged with chromate of iron, affected by 
greenstone diorite. There are numerous quartz reefs in the district, and lying in every 
direction, most of them are more or less auriferous, and many are highly promising. 
"The population numbers about 300 persons. 

IRONBONG STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Sawyer and Armour ; 
area, 26, 880 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old charges were £50 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £50. 

IRON CBEEK {Co. Cumberland) is a small stream, rising near the suburban 
village of Ashfield, and flowing N.E. across the Parramatta road (which crosses it by 
a stone bridge) at the junction of the Five Dock or great North road. It flows into 
Long cove, there being a tidal dam near the bridge. Sandstone. 

IRON COVE {Co. Cumberland) is a small bight, at the head of Long cove, 
formed by a ledge of sandstone rock running out from the main land. On this cove 
is situated Barnstaple manor, the residence of B. C. Bodd, Esq. The land in the 
neighbourhood is rich, and highly cultivated, producing large quantities of vegetables 
-and fruit. Sandstone. 

IRRARA CBEEK ( Warrego district) is a creek of good water, rising in some 
scrubby hills in Queensland, near the border of New South Wales. It flows in a S. 
direction, and falls into the Warrego river, about 50 miles S. of the dividing line. 
This creek flows through an extensive polygonum flat, diversified with sandhills and 
stony rises, the country, except on the borders of the creek, and of the Warrego to 
the E. , being almost devoid of grass and water. On the creek are several swamps, 
which, in the wet seasons, expand into large waterholes, retaining deep clear water 
for a long time after the creek has ceased to run. The geological formation is pliocene 
tertiary, with alluvial deposit along the bed of the creek. 

IRRARA BACK BLOCK No. 3, STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, For- 
longe, William ; area, 44,800 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£30. 

IRRARA BACK BLOCK No. 4, STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, For- 
longe, William ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£30. 

ISABELLA CREEK {Co. Georgiana) is a fine stream, rising in the low broken 
ranges lying to the N.E. of the Tuena gold fields, and flowing S. into the Abercrombie 
river, at the village of Bingham. It is supposed to be fed by the Betreat, or Little 
river, the point of confluence is not, however, known with certainty, the country 
being broken, swampy, scrubby, and thickly timbered. Silurian, with abundance of 
fossils. 



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ISIS RIVER. [Go. Brisbane) is a fine stream rising in the Liverpool range, near 
Downey's pass, and flowing S.S. W. into the Page river, of which it forms the E. head, 
and into which it falls, near Gundy-Gundy. Sandstone and shales. 

ISLAND LAKE STATION (Mbnaro district) ; occupier, Cassells, Mrs. H.; area,. 
S960 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. Charges, £20. 

ISLAND LAKE STATION [Monaro district) ; occupier, Bradley, William 
area, 12,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

• IVANH0E (Go. Cumberland) is a residential suburb of Sydney, situated in the- 
parish of Alexandria, and lying about 4 miles E. from the city, between Waverley and 
Bondi bay. Sandstone. 

JABUSH-JABUCK CREEK {Co. Roxburgh) is a small E. tributary of the 
Macquarie river, flowing in the parish of Watton, the land near it being taken up for 
agricultural purposes by P. Macarthur, J. Day, and others. It is fed by the Heirs 
Hole creek. Palaeozoic. 

JACK HALL'S CREEK (Co. Roxburgh) is a small E. tributary of the Round 
Swamp creek, flowing through ground taken up by small settlers, for agricultural 
purposes. The geological formation is sandstone, limestone, and slate, with good al- 
luvial deposit in the bed and on the banks of the creek. 

JACK'S (or Booroobil) CREEK [Go. Buckland), a S. tributary of the Borambil 
creek, the lower end of which subsides into a mere chain of ponds in summer. It is 
fed by the Little Jack's, Onus, and Macdonald's creeks, and flows through the Austra- 
lian Agricultural company's grant of 249,600 acres. Upper and middle palaeozoic. 

JACK'S CREEK [Co. Cook) is a tributary of Cox's river. Sandstone. 

JACK SMITH'S GAP (Co. Bucckugh) is an opening between the peaks of the 
Honeysuckle ranges, through which there is a track from Adjungbiily to Gundagai and 
Tumut. Sandstone and slate. 

JACKSON, PORT (Co. Cumberland) is the principal harbour of New South 
Wales, the opening to which lying between 2 rocky promontories, known as the N. 
and S. heads, the former in 33° 50' S. lat., 151° 18' E. long., and the latter in 33 s 51' 
S. lat., 151° 18' E. long., is situated in the vast wall of perpendicular cliffs which ex- 
tend, with but few broken places, along the whole of the S. E. coast of the colony. 
It received the appellation of port Jackson from Captain Cook, on the 6th May, 1770, 
J ackson being the name of a seaman who saw it from the head of the masthead of the 
Endeavour barque. Referring to it, Cook says : "We were abreast the entrance of a 
bay or harbour in which there appeared to be good anchorage, and which I called port 
Jackson." They did not, however, enter. Captain Arthur Phillip, the first governor 
of the colony, on his arrival at Botany bay in January 1788, finding that the place 
did not answer his expectations which the description given by Cook had led him to 
expect — the heat so great and the anchorage so unsafe — lost no time in making an 
examination of the surrounding country for a more suitable site for a settlement, and 
sailing N., proceeded to examine port Jackson, which was laid down as an "inlet " on 
Cook's chart. Soon he saw the opening, and passed under a stratified cliff of sand- 
stone some 300 feet high, descending into deep water. There was another head to 
match it on the other side, and when he had passed between these, and left the noise 
of the booming breakers far behind, a scene of beauty and tranquil loveliness broke 
upon his delighted gaze. He found a harbour equal to any in the world, and capable 
of containing in perfect safety a far larger fleet than is ever likely to seek shelter on 
its bosom. Amongst its numerous estuaries and openings, he was at first puzzled 
which to choose as a site for the new settlement, but at last decided on one about 6 
miles from the entrance, which he called Sydney cove, where he discovered "a fine 
run of fresh water stealing silently through a thick wood." One mile and a quarter 
S. of the entrance of port Jackson, and situated in lat. 38° 51' 30" S., long. 151° 19' E., 
stands the highest lighthouse, and the first that will appear in sight on approaching 
the Heads. The tower is 76 feet high, and erected on cliffs 268 feet above the sea 
level, making the elevation of the light 344 feet. This tower is painted white, and 
from it there is exhibited between sunset and sunrise a white revolving light, emitting 
its greatest effulgency at intervals of one minute and a half. Within the arc of its 
range, and from an elevation of 18 feet, on an ordinary clear night, the light will be 
seen at a distance of 25 miles. One mile and a quarter N.W. by N. of the high re- 



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volving light-tower, on a rocky point 60 feet high, called # the Inner South head, form- 
ing the S. rounding point to the harbour, stands the second lighthouse, 30 feet from 
the top of the base, painted red and white in vertical stripes, from which, is exhibited 
from sunset to sunrise a fixed white light, visible within the arc of its range from an 
18 feet elevation at a distance of 15 miles. Within the entrance, W.S.W., along 
half-mile from this low lighthouse, and marking the N. W. edge of the Sow and Pigs 
shoal, a lightship is moored (painted red), from which is exhibited from sunset to sun- 
rise, 2 fixed white lights, placed vertically on one mast, 64 feet apart, the highest 
being 26^ feet above the water. A long mile W.S.W. from Bradley's head, on fort 
Denison, or Pinchgut island, a red harbour light is exhibited, intended for the more 
especial purpose of guiding steamers and coasters. Ships from foreign ports are for- 
bidden by the port regulations to pass this light until boarded by the health officer 
and other authorities. On the edge of the cliffs, a quarter of a mile N. of the high 
light, there is a signal station and electric telegraph office, communicating 
with the city. Marryatt's flags are at present used, and the new merchant 
code of signals is about to be introduced, so that both will be available for 
communication with ships. The pilots' look-out is kept at the signal tower, from 
whence the night signals of ships requiring pilots will be answered by blue lights. 
Their instructions are to board vessels within the following bearings : — North head 
N.W., High lighthouse S.W., and, as the pilot station is almost 1\ miles within the 
line here designated, time must be allowed, after the signal is answered, to admit of 
their boats reaching. The competitive system is now in force ; vessels may therefore 
expect to be boarded well outside the Heads when practicable. A S. current prevails 
on the E. coast of Australia, S. of the tropic, occasionally running at a rate of from 
2 to 24 miles per hour ; it is strongest between the months of September and March, 
but during the winter months its force is greatly diminished. There is no uniformity, 
however, in its rate, and it appears to be very much influenced by the prevailing 
winds. To avoid the strength of the current, the colonial traders from Sydney hug 
the shore in proceeding to the N., and keep an offing of 10 or more miles to secure 
its assistance in going S. The characteristic features of the coast, from port Jackson 
S. as far as Botany bay, a distance of 9 miles, may be described as a line of preci- 
pitous cliffs, of a whitish sandstone formation, rugged and broken on the face, but 
tolerably level and tabled on the top, void of trees, and of an elevation of from 200 to 
300 feet. One or two small, slightly indented bays intersect the line of the cliff's, but 
they afford no shelter, and are not apparent until near the land. N. of port Jackson, 
as far as Broken bay, some 16 miles' distance, the coast assumes a somewhat different 
aspect ; for, although North head and its immediate vicinity still preserves the high, 
tabled, precipitous appearance, 2 miles N. of it the coast breaks down into steep, high 
hills, terminating in sandy or rocky beaches, intersected by rocky points, which 
extend considerably beyond the line of the shore. The high undulating hills, thickly 
covered with trees, which bound the shore N. of the port, are striking in contrast 
with the sterile tabled cliffs that extend to the S. of it, and, even if the lighthouse 
did not present a prominent feature, would indicate whether the land seen is to the 
N. or S. of the entrance. The approach to the harbour of port Jackson, with one 
exception, is entirely free from hidden dangers ; and this may, with equal truth, be 
said of the East coast of Australia, from cape Howe, in lat. 37° 36' S., long. 149° 
59' E., to port Stephens, in lat. 32° 45' S., long. 152° 14' E. ; the one exception being 
Long reef — a rocky and sunken spit, extending some 3 miles off the shore, from a 
point situated 5 miles N. of the North head of port Jackson. The soundings have 
been accurately ascertained within the range of the revolving light, and will prove a 
valuable assistance in nearing the land in thick weather. E. of the entrance of the 
port, 20 miles off shore, the depth will be 100 fathoms (olive sand), which shoals 
regularly to 20 fathoms ; close in with the land, and in the entrance, to the N. of the 
port, 100 fathoms will be found ; further off shore, and, on the contrary, to the S. , 
this depth does not extend more than 14 miles ; the edge of the soundings at 100 
fathoms describing a serpentine line from lat. 33° 30' S., and long. 151° 59' E., to lat. 
34° 11' S., long. 151° 28' E. The geological formation of the coast of port Jackson is 
Sandstone. 

JACOB and JOSEPH CREEK {Co. Buchland) is "a small drainage creek, rising in 
the W. slope of the Australian Alps, and flowing W. and S.W. through the rugged 
pastoral country to the N. of Wallabadah, through Wile's gully, where it crosses the 
main road and telegraph line from Wallabadah to Tamworth, into the Quirindi creek 



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at Quirmdi. During the summer season this creek subsides into a chain of ponds ; 
there is, however, some good agricultural land upon it, taken up by H. Higgins, and 
others. Upper and middle palaeozoic. 

JACOB and JOSEPH STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Eales, John; 
area, 17,920 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Tarn- 
worth. Charges, £40. 

JACOB'S LADDER (Co. Cumberland) is a remarkable fissure or chasm down the 
face of the cliffs, between the Gap and the Outer South head. In fine weather 
expert climbers may descend to the base of the cliff. Sandstone. 

JACOB'S POINT (Co. Wallace) is the crossing place of the Snowy river, on the 
track into Gipps land from Cooma, via Buckley's crossing place and the Toonginbooka 
river. Trap rock and schist. 

JACOB'S RIVER (Co. Wallace). See Tangaro River. 

JAGUNGAL (or Big Bogong) MOUNT ( Co. Selwyri) is a lofty peak in the 
Murray range. It takes its name from the multitude of large moths of a certain kind 
(called bogongs) which are found upon it, and which are eagerly sought and devoured 
by the aboriginals. It attains an altitude of 6763 feet. Granite and schist. There 
is also another peak, called Bogong, in the same range, and a little further N. 

JALL0NG STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Ryan, Edward ; area, 40,960 
acre ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. Charges, £50. 

JAMBER00, 34° 37' S. lat., 150° 51' E. long. (Ck Camden), is a postal village 
in the parish of Jamberoo, and electoral and police districts of Kiama. It is situated 
in a valley on the Minnamurra creek, the lllawarra lake being 5 miles N. E. , and 
mount Terry 4 miles N. , and lies on the main road through the lllawarra district, be- 
tween Wollongong and Kiama. There is a flour and a saw mill in the place, the dis- 
trict being an agricultural and pastoral one, chiefly the former, and the principal 
industry being the growth of cereals and dairy farming. The nearest towns are 
Kiama, distant 5 miles S.E. ; Dapto, 12 miles N., and Wollongong, 20 miles N.N.E. 
With none of these places is there any means of communication, except by horse or 
dray. With Sydney, 83 miles N. , the communication is by steamer, from Kiama or 
Wollongong, or by coach, from Wollongong to Liverpool, and thence by rail. Jambe- 
roo has 2 Denominational schools, 5 churches, and 1 in course of erection, in connec- 
tion with various religious bodies; a post office, 3 stores, and 2 hotels, the Post Office 
and the Jamberoo. The surrounding country is mountainous, coal existing in abun- 
dance in the ranges. The general geological formation is carbonaceous and ferrugi- 
nous sandstone, with hornblendic granite boulders along the course of the creek. The 
population numbers about 500 persons. 

JAMES' CREEK (Co. Hunter.) See Barrami Creek. 

JAMISON'S VALLEY (Co. Cook) is a wild and inaccessible valley in the stu- 
pendous Blue mountain range. It was so called by Governor Macquarie, and lies on 
the Great Western road, 59 miles W. , from Sydney. A small creek, inconsiderable 
in itself, but remarkable for the magnificence of the scenery by which it is surrounded, 
flou s through this valley into Cox's river. Ferruginous sandstone, composed of angu- 
lar, or slightly, worn, granitic quartz cemented by oxide of iron. 

JAMISON is a county in the pastoral district of Liverpool plains. It contains 
985,600 acres of unalienated land. Its present boundaries, however, are open to mo- 
dification. 

JAMISON'S VALLEY (Co. Cook), a valley situated on the Great Western 
road, 59 miles from Sydney. The water which rises in this valley, so named by Gov- 
ernor Macquarie, is inconsiderable ; but the wild scenery of the inaccessible valley 
into which it vanishes is well worth the traveller's attention. Sandstone. 

JANM0NGEE STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Rolfe, Joseph ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £130. 

JASPER MOUNT (Co. Macquarie) is a lofty mountain, lying on the E. side of 
the head of the Hastings river, near mount Seaview, the river flowing through a deep 
and narrow gully between the two. It lies about 50 miles W. of port Macquarie. 
Sandstone. 



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JEEGrUR STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Hay, John; estimated 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1920 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£120 ; the recently appraised rental is £265. 

JEEREEL No. 5 STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Campbell and 
Hay; area, 17,540 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £32 10s. 

JEJEDZERICK HILL {Co. Wallace) is a lofty detached peak, lying in the 
rugged country to the E. of the county, and on the E. bank of the Wullwye creek. 
The surrounding country consists of open forest and plains, well adapted for pastoral 
purposes. The geological formation is lower silurian, the slates having assumed the 
character of micaceous and chloritic schists, owing to the highly metamorphic agency 
to which they have been subjected. 

JELLA-JELLEL CREEK (Co. Auckland) is a small S. tributary of the lower 
portion of the Bega river. It is crossed by the road from Bega to Merimbula. 
Rock. 

JELLINGrERRY STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Scott, James, jun.; 
area, 34,200 acres ; grazing capability, 975 head of cattle and 6000 sheep. Charges, 
£162. 

JELL0RE CREEK {Co. Camden) is a small tributary of the head of the Nattai 
river, rising near Berrima, and flowing past the E. slope of the Jellore mountain. 
Sandstone and schist. 

JELLORE MOUNT ( Co. Camden) is an isolated mountain near the Mittagong 
range of hills, and near the source of the Nattai river. It is of volcanic formation, 
and is conical in shape, and is plainly visible at Sydney, 70 miles distant. This hill 
lies about 8 miles to the N. of Berrima, in a thickly wooded and densely scrubbed 
country. Trap rock and basalt. 

JEMBAICUMBENE, 35° 31' S. lat., 149° 43' E. long. {Co. St. Vincent), is a 
postal township, laid out but not yet proclaimed, in the electoral and police districts of 
Braidwood. It is situated on the banks of the Jembaicumbene creek, and within 5 
miles E. of the Shoalhaven river. There is a large swampy flat, extending for miles 
in a N. direction, and gold workings in the watercourses in a range of low hills to the 
S. of the flat. There is 1 large flour mill (Dransfleld's) in the township, the district 
being chiefly a mining one, the creek and the flats and gullies on its banks having 
given employment to a large number of miners for the last 5 or 6 years. A number of 
Chinese are located on the creek, and in some instances their claims are amalgamated 
with those of the Europeans. The workings are principally alluvial, although there 
are one or two quartz reefs which have lately been found near the creek, but which 
have not yet been properly tested. The diggings extend for about 6 miles up and 
down the creek. Besides gold mining, agricaltural pursuits are carried on to some 
extent on the flats falling back from the creek. The nearest places are Elrington, or 
Major's creek, 3 miles S. ; and Braidwood, the nearest telegraph station, 7 miles N.W. 
"With both places the communication is by horse only, the mail being carried thrice a 
week on horseback. With Sydney, 185 miles N., the communication is by Cobb's 
coach from Braidwood to Picton, and thence by rail. Jembaicumbene has a post 
office and 3 hotels, the Blue Bell, Sportsman's Arms, and Roadside Inn. There is a 
carrying office in the town, whence a Chinese coach occasionally carries parcels and 
passengers to and from Braidwood, Major's creek, Araluen, and other parts. Jem- 
baicumbene has at present inadequate police protection, and the want of a proper force 
is often felt. The surrounding country consists of fine grassy and lightly timbered 
flats, many of which are under cultivation by settlers and miners. These fiats extend 
about 8 miles back from the river, where they are bounded by high mountain ranges. 
The geological formation is trap rock, slate, and hornblendic granite. The population 
of the neighbourhood numbers about 400 persons, of whom 200 are Europeans and 200 
. Chinese. 

JEMBAICUMBENE CREEK {Co. St. Vincent) is an E. tributary of the 
Shoalhaven river, rising to the W. of the township of Monga, and flowing W. about 
20 miles ; a large tract of the flat land on one side of the creek belongs to Messrs. 
Roberts and Hassall, and on the other to the church and school estate. 

JEMALONGr STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Lee, William ; area, 
27,520 acres ; grazing capability, 100 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £104 10s. 



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JENNY'S CREEK ( Co. Pan-y) is a small auriferous tributary of the Peel river, 
joining it at Bowling-alley point diggings. Trap and basalt, with, quartz and 
granite. 

JENOLA MOUNT (Co. Westmoreland) is a hill on the S. bank of Cox's river, 
near the confluence of the Konangoola creek. Sandstone. 

JERABORUBERA CREEK ( Co. Murray) is a S. tributary of the Molonglo 
river, rising in the flat country to the S. of Queanbeyan, and flowing N. W. about 16 
miles across the Limestone plains into the Molonglo, about 8 miles N, W. of Quean- 
beyan. 

JEREELDERIE, 35° 22' S. lat., 145° 56' E. long. .(Co. Ura^a), is a postal 
township in the parish of Jereelderie, electoral district of the Murray, and police 
district of Deniliquin. It is situated on the Billabung creek, 16 miles S. from the 
Yanko, and 17 miles from the Colombo creeks, the Murray river being 35 miles S., and 
the Murrumbidgee river 67 miles N. The district is an agricultural and pastoral one, 
the country being particularly well adapted for the latter pursuit, and being known 
as first-class grazing country. There are no mines or manufactories of any kind in 
the district. The nearest places are Urana, 35 miles E. ; Conago, 35 miles W. ; To- 
cumwol, 35 miles S. ; Deniliquin, 57 miles S.W. ; and Wagga-Wagga, 110 miles N.E. ; 
there being communication with these places twice a week by coach. With Sydney, 
431 miles N.E. , the communication is by mail coach to Picton, and thence by rail ; or 
by coach to Echuca (Victoria), thence to Melbourne by rail, and thence by steamer. 
Jereelderie is situated on the main road and telegraph line from Wagga-Wagga to 
Deniliquin ; there is, however, no telegraph station in the township, although one 
would be a boon to the neighbourhood. At present the nearest one is at Urana, 35 
miles distant. Jereelderie has a post office and 2 hotels — Powell's and the Woolshed 
Inn (Davidson's). The surrounding district is flat and thinly grassed, consisting of 
large open saltbush plains, intersected by belts of myall and box. The geological 
formation is pliocene tertiary over blue and yellow clay. There are some low ranges 
of sandhills to the W. , but the country generally is a dead level. The population 
numbers about 200 persons. 

JEREELRUMBIE CREEK No. 6 STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, 
McMullen, J. F. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head, of cattle. 
Charges, £50 10s. 

JEREELRUMBIE CREEK No. 7 STATION (Lachlan district) • occupier, 
McMullen, J. F.; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Charges, 
£30 10s. 

JEREELRUMBIE CREEK, No. 10 STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, 
McMullen, James F. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. 
Charges, £30. 

JEREMIAH CREEK (Co. Buccleugh), a S. tributary of the Murrumbidgee 
river, rising in the high ground in the N. of the county, and flowing N. about 10 
miles. It is fed by Pepper (or Poppet) creek. Slate and shale. 

JEREMIAH STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Mandelson, Levi ; 
area, 10,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £10. 

JEREMIAH STATION (Murrumbidgee district); occupier, Smith, W. K. ; 
area, 4000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £67 10s. 

JERGYLE MOUNTAIN ( Co. Goulburn) is a lofty peak, lying amidst the broken, 
mountainous country, intersected with deep gullies, in the middle of the county. 
This mountain stands high above the surrounding ranges, and consists of micaceous 
schist, with occasional outcropping of whinstone, and granite at the summit. 

JERILDERY, N., STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Kennedy, 
James; area, 18,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Jereelderie. The old charges were £60 ; the recently appraised rental is 
£183 14s. 

JERILDERY, S., STATION (Murrumbidgee district)-, occupier, Virgoe, William 
Richard ; area, 80,000 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Jeereelderie. The old charges were £40; the recently appraised rental is 
£118 10s. 6d. 



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JERIMBUT {Co. Dampier) is a small agricultural settlement, lying 18 miles 
N. from Bega. 

JERRABALGTJLLA CREEK {Co. Murray) is the name of the W. head of the 
Shoalhaven river, rising in the Gourock range, and flowing N. about 25 miles, to where 
it joins the main stream on the W. of the Araluen gold-fields. Granite and metamor- 
phic slate and trap rock. 

JERRA-JERRA (or Cookardinia) CREEK {Co. Goulbum), a small N. tri- 
butary of the Billabung creek. This stream drains a tract of swampy country lying 
"between Billabung on the E. , and Morveu on the W. In wet weather it receives some 
of the overflow of the Doodle swamp, and expands into a large morass or lagoon, which 
extends on both sides the creek at its lower end. This swampy flat is known as the Tugga 
plain. Post and Keane have 474 acres of land, suitable for agriculture, taken up on 
the creek to the N. of this plain. The geological formation is mica schist, with out- 
cropping granite and alluvial deposit. 

JERRA- JERRA STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Byrne Brothers ; 
area, 10,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £51 10s. 

JERRARA CREEK {Co. ArgyU) is a W. tributary of the Shoalhaven river, 
flowing into it about 10 miles to the N.E. of Bungonia, through a deep gully, having a 
vertical precipice of 1400 feet in height. It is fed by the Bungonia creek. Limestone 
traversed by argillaceous iron ore, and containing fossil encrinital stems, favosites 
gothlandica, amplexus, and pentameri. This limestone abounds in calcareous spar, in 
which occur numerous caverns, apparently channels of drainage from the surface. 

JERRAWA CREEK (Co. King) is one of the heads of the Lachlan river, rising 
in mount Mandonen, and flowing N. E. across the Yass plains, about 20 miles, to its 
junction with the Oolong and Cullarin creeks, which form the Lachlan river. The 
country through which this creek flows is rich and undulating, and bounded by dense 
forests of heavy timber. It is crossed near its head by the Goulburn and Yass road. 
Slate, shale, and limestone. 

JERRICKN0RRA CREEK (Co. St. Vincent) is a small tributary of the Corang 
river, rising in the Pigeon House mountain, and flowing N. W. Trap rock. 

JERRY'S PLAINS {Co. Hunter) is the name applied to a tract of pastoral and 
agricultural land, lying near Leamington, on the road from Maitland to Cassilis . It 
is well grassed and is celebrated for its farm produce and for its capability of fatten- 
ing cattle. The Hunter river flows through these plains, which lie at a distance of 
140 miles N.W. of Sydney. Sandstone, with black alluvial drift. 

JERRY'S PLAINS (or Jerry's Town) 32° 30' S. lat., 150° 50' E. long. (Co. 
Hunter), is a postal township in the electoral and police districts of Patrick's plains. 
It is situated on the Hunter river, and on the W. road from Singleton to Mudgee and 
Fort Bourke. The plain in which it is situated is surrounded by high ridges, the 
chain of mountains to the S. being known as the Bulga mountains, and being part of 
the dividing range betwixt Sydney and the interior. The valleys between are exceed- 
ingly fertile. There are no mills or manufactories in the locality, except a small flour 
mill of 5 horse-power, which is in general work in the wheat season, but which is 
much too small to do the usual grist work required ; a larger one would be a great 
boon to the surrounding settlers. The agricultural land is chiefly the alluvial flats 
caused by the subsidence of the flood waters of the Hunter river, and is extremely fer- 
tile. Most of the settlers are in possession of breeding cattle, which the nature of the 
surrounding country renders easy and profitable, there being large tracts of Govern- 
ment land. There are no diggings in the neighbourhood, for, although the N. of 
J erry's plains is of auriferous formation, and although gold has been found there, it 
has never been sought properly, nor obtained in payable quantities. The nearest 
places are Denman, 15 miles W. ; Muswellbrook, 16 miles N.; Singleton, 16 miles E.; 
and Warkworth, 1 miles S. E. ; with which places the communication is by horse and 
dray only. With Sydney, 140 miles S.E., the communication is by coach from 
Singleton, thence by rail to Newcastle, and thence by steamer. Besides this, there 
are two overland routes, one of which, the one always taken by fat cattle, from the 
N. and W. , is over the Bulga mountains, and the other via Wollombi and the 
Hawkesbury. There are no benevolent institutions, the inhabitants subscribing to, 
and enjoying the benefit of the hospital at Singleton. There is a post office, a large 



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and well-furnished store, and 3 hotels in the place, the names of the latter being, the 
Victoria, Horse and Jockey, and Bush Inn. There is no coach or carrying office, 
although one, as well as a line of coaches along the road, is needed ; and the township 
"being so situated, that all fat stock en route to Sydney from Queensland, and the 
Bogan and Murrumbidgee rivers pass through it, a telegraph station would be a great 
public convenience. The roads are minor roads under the control of the Government. 
The surrounding country is mostly ridgy, to the N. the ridges are of trap and granite, 
with quartz lying upon the surface. Gold has frequently been found in the quartz, 
and iron pyrites may be gathered in nearly every watercourse. The population is 
small and migratory, depending chiefly on cattle droving, and being teamsters, &c. 
There are, however, a good number of settlers engaged in cultivation on the river 
flats. 

JER/VTS BAY {Co. St. Vincent) is a beautiful bay and harbour, lying in lat. 
35° 6' S. The entrance to Jervis bay is 2 miles wide, and inside there is a bay 
or harbour from 3 to 4 leagues in length, and 2 in width. It is considered a safe port 
for ships of all sizes, and is 80 miles from Sydney. It is large and commodious, easy 
of access, and affording shelter from all winds, and having room for 200 sail of ships, 
with plenty of wood and water, and was discovered by Lieutenant Boen, in August, 
1791. There is some excellent agricultural land on the shores of this bay. Slate, 
containing embedded quartzite. 

JESSE CREEK {Co. Roxburgh) is a N. auriferous tributary of the head of the 
Cheshire creek, rising in the Limekiln range, and flowing S. through Hughes' 1000 
.acres, and a number of small farms. Sandstone, limestone, and clay slate. 

JETTING- CREEK {Co. Wynyard) is a small S. tributary of the Murrumbidgee 
river, flowing through flat swampy land, about 6 miles N. Trap rock and syenitic 
granite. 

JEWINE MOUNT {Co. VielUsley) is a high peak, lying in good pastoral coun- 
try, about 6 miles N. of Bombala. Metamorphic slate and basalt. 

JEWNEE ( Co. Clarendon). See Junee. 

JEWRENA MOUNT ( Co. Wallace) is a peak in the rugged and broken country 
lying near the fall of Reedy creek into the Snowy river, and about 4 miles N. of 
Gulf ford. Trap rock and schists. 

JEWS (or Reid's) FLAT {Co. Beresford) is a small plain, on which the town- 
ship of Bunyan is situated. It lies amidst rocky forest land, and is watered by the 
Cooma creek. There are some fine fresh water lagoons lying to the S. of this flat. 
Trap rock. 

JILLIBY- JILLIBY CREEK {Co. Northumberland) is a fine N". tributary of the 
Wyong creek, fed by the Nettering creek. Sandstone. 

JILLIMATONGr CREEK {Co. St. Vincent). See Gillimatong Creek. 

JILLIMAT0NG ( Co. Wallace), a solitary hill (the native signification of the 
word) lying on the S. bank of the Mowamba river, and to the N. of Grose's plains. 
This hill is one of the Mowamba group. Trap rock and metamorphic slate. 

JELLINGBAR STATION {Murrumbidgee district) (see Buckenbong Station); 
occupiers, Jenkins, J ohn and Francis ; area, 83, 200 acres ; grazing capability, 1400 
head of cattle. The old charges were £130 ; the recently appraised rental is £135. 

JILLINGR00 STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Walker, Thomas ; 
area, 14,000 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. The old charges were £32 10s.; 
the recently appraised rental is £56 5s. 

JIMBERGrEE STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Forrester, George ; area, 
19,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £35 3s. 

JINDABYNE, 36° 23' S. lat., 148° 42' E. long. {Co. Wallace), is a small postal 
hamlet, in the parish of Jindabyne, electoral district of Monaro, and police district of 
Cooma. It is situated on the Snowy river, about half a mile from the Crackemback 
creek, 5 miles from the Eucumbene river, and 6 miles from the Thredbo creek. Crack- 
emback mountain lies to the W., and the Snowy mountains to the N.W. There is 1 
ftteam flour mill in the place, the district being pastoral, formerly the gold workings 
at Crackemback and Snowy plains were carried on in the neighbourhood, but having 



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been found not payable, they are now deserted. The nearest places are Cooma, 35 miles 
E., and Adaminiby, 35 miles N.N.E., with which places the communication is by horse- 
and dray only, the mails being carried on horseback once a week. With Sydney, 331 
miles N.N.E., the communication is by coach from Cooma to Picton, and thence by 
rail, or by horse to Merumbula or Twofold bay, and thence by steamer. There are 
no hotels in Jindabyne, the nearest being at Cooma or Adaminiby. The surrounding 
district is mountainous, and the geological formation trappean rock, with quartz- 
bearing slate and porphyritic granite. Jindabyne derives its chief importance as 
being the crossing place over the Snowy river on the main road into Gipps' Land. The 
population numbers only 15 inhabitants, namely, 4 men, 2 women, 4 boys, and 5 
girls. 

JINCUNBILLY {Co. Wellesley) is a peak standing in the rough pastoral coun- 
try between Bombala and Nimmitibel, and on the road between the two places. Me- 
tamorphic slate and basalt. 

JINDEN STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Campbell, Mary Ann ; area r 
15,360 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 head of cattle. Old charges £40 ; new ap- 
praisement, £25. 

JINDTJLIAN MOUNT {Co. Murray) is the highest peak of the Gourock range, 
of mountains ; it attains an elevation of 4300 feet above the level of the sea. It is 
covered with thick scrub, and presents a very rugged and broken appearance. It is 
a very rough, terraced mountain, formed of hornblendic granite, traversed by por- 
phyritic bands, porphyry issuing from its base. The strike of the range is N. , 29° W. 
The rocks stand at a very high angle, and are transversely jointed. The whole of the 
slopes are covered by a dense vegetation of scrub and mountain ash, and the surface 
is covered by loose masses of rock. 

JINERQO MOUNT {Co. St. Vincent) is a branch of the Gourock range of 
mountains, lying near the W. bank of the Shoalhaven river. It contains lodes of lead 
and argentiferous galena, with traces of copper occurring close to porphyritic bands, 
running through hornblendic granite. Lead occurs in combination with quartz, 
having a dip of 68° E. on a strike of E. 15° N. 

JINGALLIC STATION {Murrumbidgee district?) ; occupier, Gabbett, R. S. ; 
area, 12,000 acres ; grazing capability, 450 head of cattle. Charges, £80. 

JINGELLEE ( Cos. Goulburn and Selwyn) is a small village on the Murray 
river, lying on the boundary line of the two counties, and on the Jingellee creek. 
Gold in small quantities has been found to the N. of this village, in the ranges, 
but sufficient has not been obtained to render it a regular working. Schist and 
granite. 

JINGELLEE CREEK [Co. Goulburn), a small auriferous creek, rising in a rug- 
ged N. spur of mount Aitken, and flowing S.W., about 15 miles, into the Murray 
river, at Jingellee, through a rugged, pastoral country. It is crossed by the track 
from Albury to Cooma and Twofold bay. It receives the waters of the Cappabella 
creek, near its confluence with the Murray river. Gold has been discovered at the 
junction of the two creeks. The geological formation is principally mica, schist, and 
granite. Two lots of land, comprising 257 acres, are taken up by R. S. Gabbett, at 
the mouth of the creek. 

JINGELLEE MOUNTAINS {Co. Goulburn) is a range of high, broken, scrubby 
country, running in peaks, and well adapted for pastoral purposes. They lie in the 
S.E. portion of the county, and run generally from N. to S. to the banks of the Mur- 
ray river, where they terminate in precipitous cliffs. They are generally schistose at 
the base, and granite at the summit. 

JINGERRA STATION [Monaro district) ; occupier, Codie, Simon ; area, 
10,000 acres ; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. Charges, £48 8s. 9d. 

JINGERY MOUNTAINS {Co. Murray) is a mountain spur in the Gourock 
range of mountains, lying on the E. bank of the the Queanbeyan river, and on the 
road to Monga. It lies in a rough and densely wooded country, which has attained 
considerable notoriety as being a place of refuge for bushrangers when pursued, the 
intricate nature of the district rendering it almost incapable of access, except to per- 
sons having a perfect knowledge of the bush. The summit of this mountain appears 



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to belong to a nearly meridianal axis of granite, and attains an elevation of about 
2500 feet above the level of the sea. The slopes of the mountain are strewn with a 
deep local detritus of the granite and schistose rocks of the neighbourhood. In the 
ravines the granite crops out, and on the flanks are indications of the schistose forma- 
tion. 

JINGO CREEK {Co. Auckland) is a N. tributary of the Towamba river, falling 
into it at the township of Sturt. Granite, with quartzose dykes. 

JINNYBRUTHEHA (or Jinnybrotheh) {Co. Wallace) is a high peak on the 
Monaro range of mountains, lying about 10 miles W. of the township of Nimmitabel. 
The geological formation is lower silurian, the slate having assumed the character of 
micaceous and chloritic schists, owing to the highly metamorphic agency to which, 
they have been subjected. 

JOCK'S (Co. Westmoreland) is a bridge over a mountain 'stream, running into 
Cox's river. It is situated on the Great Western road, 85 g miles from Sydney, and 
is 3000 feet above the level of the sea. 

JOHN MOUNT {Co. Sandon) is a detached peak in the parish of Arding, on 
the W. side of the Great Northern road, and 5 miles N. of Uralla, near the land of 
H. A. Thomas. Granite. 

JOHNSON'S CREEK {Co. Cumberland) is a small watercourse, rising in the 
estate of Mr. R. Johnson, and flowing N. about 3 miles into port Jackson at the head 
of Rozelle bay. This creek bounds the W. side of the electoral district of Newtown, 
and divides the N. and S. ridings of the county of Cumberland. Sandstone. 

JOHN'S RIVER (Co. Macquarie) is a small stream, flowing from the W. into 
Watson Taylor's lake, on the W. bank. Sandstone, shale, and limestone. 

JOHNSTONE'S BAY (Co. Cumberland) is a W. arm of Darling harbour, extend- 
ing about a mile and a half in a S.W. direction, and lying between the suburbs of Bal- 
main and Pyrmont. There are several minor bays branching off it, the principal ones 
being Blackwattle cove, and Rozelle and White bays. The Glebe island lies between 
the two latter bays, and is now joined to the main land by an embankment, and con- 
nected with Pyrmont by a fine wooden bridge, built for the convenience of butchers, 
the distance from the Market wharf, Sydney, via Pyrmont being only about a mile, 
whereas by the old road, round the head of the bay, it was about 6 miles (see Glebe 
island). On the shores of the bay are several quarries, and a saw-mill and box-making 
establishment, and a soap and candle works (Cowan and Israel's). Sandstone. 

JOHNSTONE'S CREEK {Co. Cumberland) is a small creek, rising in the su- 
burban municipality of Newtown, and flowing in a N. direction past the W. boundary 
of Camperdown into Rozelle bay, the head of Johnstone's bay. It is fed by the Orphan 
school creek. It crosses the Parramatta road at Camperdown. Sandstone and shale. 

JOHNSTON'S CREEK {Co. Camden) is a small tributary of the Macquarie 
rivulet. Silurian. 

J0LLING-Y0NG STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Power and Devonport; 
estimated area, 23,040 acres ; grazing capability, 760 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £20 ; the recently appraised rental is £104. 

JONATHAN'S FLAT {Co. W ellington) is an auriferous flat, lying at the head 
of the Pyramul creek, about 8 miles S.W. of Cudgegong township. Lower silurian. 

J0NBLEE {Co. Clive) is a small roadside village, lying 99 miles N. of Armi- 
dale, on the road to Queensland. 

JONES' BAY (Co. Cumberland) is a small indentation lying at the point of the 
S. head of Johnstone's bay, in the suburb of Pyrmont, and about three-eights of a mile 
W. from Sydney. The Australasian Steam Navigation company's works and patent 
slip lie on the E. side of this bay, and on the W. are good quarries of sandstone, used 
f orjauilding purposes and for ballast. 

JONES' ISLAND, 31° 52' S. lat., 152° 32' E. long. {Co. Macquarie), is an island, 
having a post-office, in the electoral district of the Hastings, and police district of 
Manning river. It is situated in the Manning river, about 8 miles from the bar. 
What renders the place of most importance is the fact that the steamers to the Man- 
ning river call at the company's wharf there first on their arrival, and last on their 



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departure. The Manning river runs N. and S., the Ghini-Ghini creek bounding the 
island on the N.W. from the Manning to the Landsdowne rivers, and separating it 
from the main land, and the Landsdowne river bounding it on the N., and joining the 
Manning at the E. point of the island. The only mountains in the neighbourhood are 
the Brothers, near port Macquarie. There are no mills or manufactories on Jones' 
island, but there are 2 saw mills, owned by Mr. J. Booth, of Sydney, situated on 
Scott's creek, 2 and 6 miles distant respectively from the post-office, 1 only, how- 
ever, being in full work at the present time ; the creek on which they are situated 
runs from the Manning river towards the old bar in a S. direction from the island. 
The district is an agricultural one, and produces excellent maize, potatoes, onions, 
and in fact all kinds of colonial produce, the chief article grown is, however, maize, 
which is extensively cultivated on Jones' and other islands, and on the alluvial fiats 
of the Lower Manning. The nearest township is Cundletown, about 4 miles W., the 
communication being by small boats belonging to the settlers. With Sydney, 
202 miles S., the communication is by the Australasian Steam Navigation 
company's steamers calling about once a week. There is 1 hotel, the Kingstown 
(Longworth's). The Australasian Steam Navigation company has a wharf and a store 
for the reception of goods intended for Sydney or elsewhere. Jones' island is under 
the control of a road board, as yet, however, in its infancy. The surrounding 
country is low and flat, and in many parts swampy. The soil is rich alluvial. 
It is supposed by many persons competent to judge, that there is mineral deposit of 
some kiud in the vicinity of the lower Manning, f^om the appearance presented 
by the water lying in the swamps, it being frequently covered with an oleaginous 
scum in many places. The population is numerous, the inhabitants being scattered 
over the island as settlers or agricultural labourers. 

JOQETLAND CREEK {Co. Westmoreland) is a W. tributary creek of the 
Wollondilly river, rising near mount Colong. Sandstone. 

JOUNAMA CREEK {Co. Bucckugh) is a small stream rising in the S. of the 
Bogan range, flowing W. through broken country for about 6 miles, into the Tumut 
river, at the village of Talbingo, where there is some good agricultural land, divided 
into small farms. Granite and slate. 

JUAN and JULIA ISLANDS {Co. Rous) is the name given to 2 small rocky 
islets, lying to the S.E. of the entrance of the Brunswick river, in the bight between 
cape Byron on the S. , and Sutherland point on the N. Sandstone. 

JUANBONGr BACK BUN STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Tyson, James ; 
area, 20,480 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £140 
15s. ; the recently appraised rental is £595 10s. 

JUANBONGr STATION {Darling district) ■ occupier, Tyson, James ; area, 64,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £74 5s. ; the recently ap- 
praised rental is £252. 

JUDGE BOWLING {Co. Northumberland), a range of mountains, situated 65 
miles W. from Sydney. It was formerly named the Devil's Backbone. From this 
spot may be seen Yengo, a remarkable flat-topped mountain, to the N.W., and, to the 
W, Tayan, and the summits of mountains about Capertee. Sandstone. 

JUGEYQNG STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Maeanish, W.; area, 640 
acres ; grazing capability, 100 head of cattle. The old charges were £71 8s. 2d.; the 
recently appraised rental is £100. 

JUGIONG, 34° 48' S. lat., 148° 21' E. long. {Co. Harden), is a postal and road- 
board township, in the parish of Jugiong, electoral district of the Lachlan, and police 
district of Gundagai. It is situated on the Murrumbidgee river, Jugiong creek being 
3 miles E. , and Cooney's creek 2 miles W. The district is an agricultural and pastoral 
one. The nearest places are Gundagai, 25 miles S.W. ; Binalong, 25 miles N.E. ; 
Murrumburrah, 24 miles N. ; and Yass, 40 miles E. With Yass and Gundagai there 
is communication by coach, but with the other places by horse or dray only. With 
Sydney, 219 miles N.E. the communication is by Cobb's daily mail coach, viaGoulburn 
and Yass, to Picton, and thence by rail. Jugiong has a post office and 3 hotels, the 
Jugiong, the Murrumbidgee, and the Bird in Hand, the coach office (Cobb's) being at the 
former. The surrounding country consists chiefly of box ridges, suitable for grazing 
purposes, with flats along the river, taken up by settlers and well cultivated. The 



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geological formation is trap rock, metamorpliic slate, and limestone. The population 
of Jugiong numbers about 150 persons. 

JUGIONG CREEK (Co. Harden) is a large and important N. tributary of the 
Murruinbidgee river, rising in the undulating country, near Bogolong, whence it flows 
in a N. direction for about 6 miles. It then turns off to the W. for about 20 miles, 
and eventually flows S. W. about 14 miles, falling into the main stream at the town- 
ship of Jugiong, on the road from Yass to Gundagai. It is fed in its course by the 
Talmo, Bogolong, Bald Hill, Illalong, Bungalal, Spring, and Cunningham creeks, and 
flows through good pastoral land, with some well cultivated ground at its lower end, 
mostly taken in small farms. Trap rock, shale, and limestone. 

JUGIONG HILL (Co. Harden) is a lofty hiU, lying to the E. of the town of 
Jugiong, distant about 3 miles, and on the S. side of the main Southern road. The 
geological formation is of granite and limestone. 

JULONG CREEK (Co. Georgiana) is a small N. tributary of the Crookwell 
river, draining the scrubby country to the N.W. of the township of Binda. Slate 
and limestone. 

JUMBLE PLAINS BLOCK (A) STATION (Wellington district); occupier, 
Watt, William Richard; area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£74. 

JUMBLE PLAINS BLOCK (C) STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, un- 
certain ; area, 51,200 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. 

JUMBLE PLAINS BLOCK (F) STATION (Wellington district) ; occupier, 
Watt, William Richard; area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. 
Charges, £700. 

JUMBLE PLAINS BLOCK (H) STATION ( Wellington district) • occupiers, 
Ellis and Rarsback ; area, 64, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£50. 

JUMP UP (Co. Northumberland). See Belford. 

JUMP UP CREEK (Co. Northumberland) is a small S. tributary of the Hunter 
river, flowing through the township of Belford, and watering excellent agricultural 
land, much taken up by settlers. Carbonaceous sandstone and shale, with deep allu- 
vial deposit. 

JUNCTION (Co. Northumberland) is a postal suburb lying within the city and 
municipal^ boundary of the city of Newcastle, in the electoral district of North- 
umberland, and police district of Newcastle. It lies within half a mile of the harbour, 
on a flat under the Burwood hills, which abound with coals of the richest quality, 
and is situated half a mile S. of the Hunter river, and 3£ miles S.E. of Flaggy creek. 
Lake Macquarie lies about 12 miles S.W. There is a flour mill about half a mile N., 
not at present at work, and a woolwashing establishment and tannery (Mills and 
Ryan's) in full work on Flaggy creek. The Junction is in a coal mining district, the 
Burwood mines (Dr. Mitchell's), and the Borehole mines (Australian Agricultural 
company) being in the vicinity, and both being in full work. The nearest places are 
Borehole, 11 miles N.W., and Waratah, 3 miles N.W., the latter being on the line of 
railway to the N. With Sydney, 77 miles S. , the communication is by steamer daily, 
except Sunday. There are 4 hotels at the Junction — the Junction, Burwood, Race 
Course, and Glebe. The surrounding country is undulating, thickly timbered, and 
lightly grassed. The geological formation is carbonaceous, abounding in coal of the 
richest quality, one valuable seam found near the Burwood hills, and the property 
of Dr. Mitchell, being 9 feet 6 inches in thickness. The population of the Junction 
is included in that of Newcastle. 

JUNCTION {Co. Welksley) is a small gold diggings to the N. of the Delegete 
plains, and lying in good pastoral country on the Delegete river. Metamorphic slate 
and trap rock, with porphyritic granite. 

JUNCTION DIGGINGS (Co. Wellington) is a small gold workings, forming 
part of the Muckerwa gold field. Metamorphic slate. 

JUNCTION STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Langhorn, John ; area, 
5120 acres ; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. Charges, £34 Is. 3d. 



JUN KAM] 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



289 



JUNCTION STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Eyan, Jeremiah ; area, 
6000 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. Charges, £35. 

JUNEE (or Jewnee), 34° 47' S. lat., 147° 32' E. long. (Co. Clarendon), is a pos- 
tal township, in the parish of Junee, electoral district of Murrumbidgee, and police 
district of Wagga-Wagga. It is situated on Houlahan's creek, in the midst of fine 
undulating country. The entire district is a pastoral one, there being very little land 
under cultivation. The nearest places are Wagga-Wagga, 22 miles S. , and Bethungra, 
14 miles N. N. E. ; the communication is by horse and dray only, the mails being carried 
on horseback twice a week. With Sydney, 125 miles N.E., the communication is to 
Bowenfels, 41 miles N. by horse, thence by coach to Penrith, and thence by rail, or 
from Wagga-Wagga by the Great S. route, which is, however, a very circuitous route. 
There is 1 hotel in Junee, called the Junee Hotel. The surrounding country is undu- 
lating, thinly timbered, and the geological formation is granitic. The road passing 
through Junee is kept in repair by the government, under the control of a road super- 
intendent, and for 20 miles on each side the town are naturally good and tolerably 
level, drays with loading from Sydney, and returning with wool, &c. , are continually 
passing along it. The line of telegraph passes through Junee, but no station has as 
yet been established there, the nearest being at Wagga-Wagga. Gold has been found 
about 16 miles distant in a S.E. direction, but not in paying quantities, and limestone 
of excellent quality abounds about 12 miles to the E. The country is generally well 
grassed, but badly watered. The population of the township numbers only about a 
dozen persons, although there is a scattered population in the district. 

JUNEE STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Gwynne and Hammond ; 
area. 149,760 acres ; grazing capability, 15,000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Junee. The old charges were £150 ; the recently appraised rental is £300. 

JUTTLEBAH STATION (Monaro district) • occupiers, Campbell and Mac- 
Keachie ; area, 2160 acres ; grazing capability, 1500 sheep. 

JYNDABYNE, E., STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Stewart, Eyrie, 
junr. ; area, 13,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Jindabyne. Charges, £50. 

JYNDABYNE, W., STATION {Monaro district) • occupiers, How, Walker, and 
Co. ; area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The nearest post 
town is Jindabyne. Charges, £55. 

KAHIBAH POINT {Co. Northumberland). See Lake Macquarie. 

KALINGALUNGAGAY CEEEK (Co. Cunningham, Wellington district) is a 
small N. tributary of the northernmost point of the Lachlan river, flowing through 
indifferent pastoral country, with bush and salsolaceous plants. The geological for- 
mation of the country is lower palaeozoic and pliocene tertiary. 

KALKET00 STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Devlin, James ; area, 
84,000 acres ; grazing capability, 900 head of cattle. The old charges were £54 13s. 9d.; 
the recently appraised rental is £248. 

KALKITE STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Eyrie, Donald ; area, 
17,000 acres ; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. Charges, £77 16s. 3d. 

KALLARA OUTEE BEYOND STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Youl, 
Richard ; area, 48,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Bourke. Old charges, £35 ; new appraisement, £37. 

KALLARA OUTEE STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Youl, EichardJ; 
area, 48,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Bourke. 
Old charges, £35'; new appraisement, £56. 

KALLOBUNGrUNGr CEEEK (Co. Macquarie) is a small E. tributary of the 
Ellenborough river. Sandstone and limestone. 

KAMBULA OUTEE STATION (Albert district); occupiers, Jamison, H. and 
B. ; area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Perry. Charges, £30. 

KAMBULA STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, Jamison, H. and B. ; area, 
76, 800 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £30 ; new appraisement, 
£60. 

XT 



290 



The Xew South Wales Gazetteer. 



[Kam— Kan 



KAMERUKA, 37° 20' S. lat., 149 3 52' E. long. (Co. Auckland), is a postal ham- 
let, and the head station of the Messrs. Tooth and Co. , of Sydney. It is in the parish 
of Kameruka, and electoral and police district of Eden, and it is situated on the Candelo 
creek, near its junction with the Tantawangalo creek, and about 2 miles S.S.W. of 
Buckley's or Bemboka river. Bemboka peak lies 12 miles distant N.W., Xiraitibel 
mountain 6 miles further on in the same direction, and Wolunila peak, 2220 feet 
high, and a volcanic formation about 9 miles S. Kameruka is strictly a pastoral place, 
there being no diggings nearer than the G-ulf, about 40 miles X. The nearest places 
are, the newly formed township of Candelo, about 3 miles distant, S.S.W. ; Bega, 10 
miles, X.E. ; Panbula, 20 miles, S.E. ; and Eden, 30 miles, X.E., at the port of Two- 
fold bay. With these places there are no means of communication, except by horse, 
the mail being carried twice a week on horseback. With Sydney, 260 miles X. , the 
communication is by steamer from Eden. The nearest hotel is at Bega. The sur- 
rounding country is undulating, with mountains in the background ; it is lightly 
grassed and timbered, and the geological formation is granitic. The nearest church is 
at Bega, but the ministers of the various denominations (Anglican, Wesleyan, and 
Presbyterian) hold services at stated intervals at Kameruka. The population num- 
bers about 130 persons. 

KAMERUKA STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Tooth, Robert Edwin ; 
area, 75,330 acres ; grazing capability, 6400 head of cattle. Charges, £125. 

KANC0BYN CREEK (Co. Sdwyn) is a small tributary of the E. branch (Mur- 
ray) river, rising in the broken country X. of mount Kosciusko, and flowing W t . 
about 10 miles through a rugged country, interspersed with grassy flats, liable to in- 
undation. The geological formation of its course is metamorphic, consisting of mica, 
chlorite, and talc. 

KANDIE STATION (Albert district) ■ occupier, Brougham, Patrick ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

KANGrALOOLA (Co. Georgiana) is a small village in the police and electoral 
districts of Carcoar, situated on the Kangeloola creek. It lies near Binda, on 
the road from that place to Bolong. There is 1 hotel, the Prince of Wales, in the 
village. 

KANGrALOOLA ARM CREEK {Co. Georgiana) is an E. branch of the head 
of the Tuena creek. Slate and limestone. 

KANGrALOOLA CREEK (Co. Georgiana) is a fine stream flowing S.W. into 
the Crookwell river 2 miles W. of Binda township, through country well adapted for, 
and taken up as agricultural land. It is fed by several small streams, the principal 
of which is the Diamond creek. Slate, shale, and limestone. 

KANGALOON, 34= 32' S. lat., 150° 32' E. long. {Co. Camden), is a small postal 
township in the parish of Kangaloon, electoral district of Camden, and police district 
of Berrima. It is situated on the Dondle Folly creek and on the Wingecarribbee 
swamp, which separates it from "Wingecarribbee, or Robertson, and which is about 7i 
miles long and 3^ miles across, and mostly taken up by settlers under the free selection 
clauses of the land act (see Wingecarribbee). There is a 6 horse-power steam flour mill 
(Robert's) in the township usually at work. The district is agricultural, both culti- 
vation and dairy farms being numerous and flourishing. There is one small alluvial 
gold workings, having about 20 men at work upon it, situated about 9 miles N.W. of 
Kangaloon. The nearest places are Benima, 15 miles W. ; Mittagong, 14 miles X. W. ; and 
Bong-Bong, 4 miles W. With these places there are no regular conveyances, and the 
mails are carried on horseback. With Sydney, 98 miles X., the present means of 
communication are by horse or dray to Berrima, 15 miles, thence by Cobb's coach to 
Picton, and thence by rail. The inhabitants have, however, petitioned for a railway 
station on the Great Southern line at Bowrall, which, if erected, will be a great public 
convenience, as it will materially tend to open up this rich agricultural region. There 
are 300 free selectors in and round Kangaloon, the land taken up extending about 8 
or 9 miles from the E. end of the Wingecarribbee swamp. There are about 1200 
persons on the entire settlement. The surrounding country is generally flat, with 
small rises here and there ; the land is heavily timbered with large trees, many of 
them attaining a height of 120 feet, and being of 8 or 9 feet diameter. The 
Boil is exceedingly fertile, producing almost every kind of fruit, vegetable, and grain, 



Kan — KarJ The New South Wales Gazetteer.. 



291 



"but being too cold for maize. The geological formation is sandstone and schist, with 
•deep alluvial and fluviatile deposit. The population numbers about 260 persons. 

KANGARATHA POINT {Co. Auckland) is a headland lying a few miles to the 
S. of Tathra. Sandstone. 

KANGAROOBY CREEK (Co. Forbes) is a small S. tributary of the Lachlan 
river, rising in a range of low hills in the N. of the county, and flowing N. into the 
main stream near its confluence with the Belubula river. Slate and schist. 

KANGAROOBY STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Aspinall, Mrs. S. A. 
H. ; area, 11,520 acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£38 2s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £35. 

KANGAROO CREEK {Co. Georgiana) is a tributary, or more properly the upper 
part, of the Menunday creek. It is crossed by the track from Tuena to the village of 
Bigga. Slate and limestone. 

KANGAROO i CREEK STATION {Clarence district) ; occupier, Hargraves, 
Richard ; area, 23,400 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. Charges, £46 17s. 6<L 

KANGAROO FLAT {Co. Wellington) is an auriferous flat, forming part of the 
Turon gold field. It lies at the head of the Green Valley creek, and on the W. bank 
of Cunningham's creek, from which it is separated by a range of low schistose hills, 
and about 7 miles N.W. of Sofala township. Metamorphic slate. 

KANGAROO FLAT CREEK ( Co. Wellington) is a small S. auriferous tributary 
of the Green Valley creek draining the Kangaroo flat. Metamorphic slate. 

KANGAROO FLAT STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Lawrie, R. 
and Alex. T. ; 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £41. 

KANGAROO GROUND {Co. Camden) is one of the most extensive and remark- 
able ravines in the county. The Kangaroo river, which waters it, has its rise in the 
S. part of the coast mountains of Illawarra, its source being from the sea, and is called 
by the natives, Cambewarra, where there is a space of 20 square miles of the very best 
land. It appears to have been recently overgrown with rushes, and is supposed to be 
the bed of a former lake. Slate, sandstone, and trap rock. 

KANGAROO HILLS STATION [New England district) • occupier, NicoII, 
Thomas ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 head of cattle. Charges, 
£160. 

KANGAROO MOUNTAIN {Co. Buccleugh) is a peak of the Honeysuckle 
ranges, lying on the E. bank of the Tumut river, in the parish of Wagara. Older 
volcanic. 

KANGAROO MOUNT {Co. Camden) is the name of a high peak of the Cambe- 
warra, or Good Dog range. This mountain attains an elevation of 2500 feet above the 
level of the sea, and with Mount Barrengarry runs from E. to W. , and forms a semi- 
circular precipitous range of rocks, dividing the Burrawang table land from the 
Illawarra district. 

KANGAROO POINT {Co. Cumberland). See Mooxey-Mooxey Point. . 

KANGAROO RIVER {Co. Camden) is a N. tributary of the Shoalhaven river, 
rising in the N.W. of the Cambewarra range, about 4miles W. of Jamberoo, and flowing; 
in a S. W. direction about 30 miles, through the thickly-timbered brush country known as 
the Kangaroo ground, exceedingly rugged, and in many places totally inaccessible. 
It is fed by the Yarringa, Mergla and Bundanoon creeks. Ferruginous sandstone and 
trap rock. 

KANGAROO STATION CREEK {Co. BucMaml) is a sinall creek, flowing N. 
into the Qurindi creek near the township of Wallabadah. It is fed by the Spring 
gully and Sheep Station Gully creeks. Palaeozoic. 

KANGRA {Co. Northumberland) is a small tributary of the Mangrove creek. 
Sandstone. 

KANTLMBLE CREEK ( Co. Westmoreland) is a tributary of Cox's river, rising 
in the N. slope of Pulpit hill, and flowing in a W. direction. Sandstone. 

KARAGHINE CREEK (Co. Macquarie) is a small tributary of the head o£ 
the Ellenborough river. Sandstone and limestone. 



292 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Kar — Kee 



K AH AULA RIVER {New England and Gwydir districts). See Macintyre 
River. 

KARRAGANBAL POINT (Co. Northumberland). See Tuggerah Beach 
Lake. 

KARS STATION {Albert district); occupier, Thompson, Bald George; area, 
128,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

KARUAH RIVER {Cos. Durham and Gloucester) is a fine stream, rising in the 
mount Royal range, and flowing S.E., between the counties of Durham and Glouces- 
ter, into the head of port Stephens. Much of the land on its banks is available for 
cultivation, and taken up by settlers. This river has a course of about 45 miles, and, 
with its tributaries, drains an area of about 600 square miles. It is fed by the Deep, 
Lawler, Telegaree, Serpent, Pipeclay, and Limeourners' creeks. The township of 
Stroud lies on the E. of this river, about 25 miles from its mouth. Sandstone, clay, 
slate, and shales. 

KATCHENCARRY and BR0GAN STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, 
Tarlington, William Duggan ; area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 250 head of 
cattle. Charges, £12 10s. 

KAYRXMNERA STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Wright, Wm. Henry; 
area, 60,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

KEAJURA CREEK {Co. Wynyard) is a watercourse rising in the W. of the 
Kilgowla hills, and flowing N. through a gap in the Comatawa range, where it is 
lost in the unsurveyed country lying N. of that range. Granite arid trap rock. 

KEANDRA CREEK STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Stinson, John ; 
grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £143 3s. 8d. 

KEDGAR STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Flood, Edward ; area, 23,040 
acres ; grazing capability, 730 head of cattle. Charges, £54 13s. 9d. 

KEELGYRAH STATION (Clarence district) ; occupier, Bundock, W. C. ; area, 
19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 1200 head of cattle. Old charges, £73 15s.; the new 
appraisement is £75. 

KESHAN'S CORNER STATION {Wellington district); occupier, Sloman, 
T. M. ; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. Charges, £30 5s. 

KEEN'S SWAMP, 33° S. lat., 149° 56' E. long. (Co. Roxburgh), is a postal 
village, in the parish of Warrengunyah, electoral district of Hartley, and police 
district of Rylstone. It is situated near a swamp, whence it derives its name and 
its water supply, and a short distance to the W. of Cain's and Fitzgerald's mountains. 
There is an 18-horse water-power saw mill (Martin's) in the place, which lies in the 
centre of an agricultural neighbourhood, with much pastoral land in the outlying 
districts. The nearest places are, Cudgegong, distant 14 miles N., on the main 
Mudgee road, and Sofala (the next telegraph station), 20 miles S.W. ; the mail coach 
(Cobb's) passing through the three places everyday. With Sydney, 125 miles S.E., 
the communication is by Cobb's coaches to Penrith, and thence by rail. Keen's 
swamp has a post office, receiving and despatching 108 bags weekly ; it has also a 
police barracks and 3 hotels — the Plough, Woolpack, and Golden Fleece inns. The 
surrounding country is undulating, with abundance of good timber and grass. The 
geological formation is sandstone and limestone, and there is a fine seam of good 
coal, from 5 to 15 feet in thickness, and extending many miles, within 3 miles of 
the township. The population numbers about 150 persons, and is fast increasing. 

XEEPIT STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Hay and Campbell ; 
area, 15,000 acres ; grazing capability, 10,000 sheep. Old charges, £100 ; new ap- 
praisement, £190. 

XEERABEE CREEK (Co. Phillip) is a S. tributary of the Goulburn river. 
Sandstone. 

KEERA CREEK (Co. Murchison, Gwydir district) is a S. tributary of the 
Gwydir river, flowing into it about 20 miles S.E. of the township of Bingara, and 
forming part of the Bingara gold workings. It is fed by the Macintyre and Reedy 
creeks. The geological formation is ■ upper palaeozoic, connected with serpentine 
charged with chromate of iron, and affected by greenstone diorite. 



Kee — Kel] Tlie New South Wales Gazetteer. 



293 



KEERA STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Munro, Donald; area, 30,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 1600 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Bingara. The 
old charges were £100 ; the recently appraised rental is £100. 

KEGINNI STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Hood and Twaddle ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

KEILER, K, BLOCK (C) STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Filson, 
John ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 sheep. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

KEILER, N., BLOCK (D) STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Filson, 
John ; area, 46,080 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 sheep. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

KEING0BALDI STATION (Gwydir district); Dangar, W. J.; area, 17,920 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; the recently 
appraised rental is £20. 

KEINREEBEERE BACK STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Dangar, T. 
J.; area, 50,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31. 

KEINREEBEERE, E., STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Orr, E.; area, 
50,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31 Is. 

KEIRA MOUNT ( Co. Cumberland) is the lofty and precipitous edge of the high 
S. table land and which stretches inland from the coast, or within a short distance of it. 
This hill, or rather cliff, is 1500 feet high, and is, for a considerable portion of its height, 
quite perpendicular, and overhangs the lovely and fertile valley of Illawarra, which 
stretches away from its base to the S. A fine view of Wollongong, the ocean, and the Five 
islands may be had from the summit, the entire prospect being laid out as if on a map. 
The mail road from Sydney, via Appin and Campbelltown, to Wollongong is cut in the face 
of the cliff, and is extremely steep and dangerous. On the top is a fine well-timbered region, 
and bordering the road all the way down are numerous varieties of fine semi-tropical 
plants, amongst which may be particularly noticed the cabbage palm and the gigantic 
stringy nettle. The formation is of carboniferous sandstone, and in the face of the 
cliff and near the base is an opening to a coal mine, which is extensively worked in the 
heart of the mountain. A seam of fine anthracite coal has recently been discovered 
in this mountain by Mr. Mackenzie, the examiner of mines for the district. 

KEIRANGUNDAH STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Ligar, C. W. ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

KEISS STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Smith, Joseph ; area, 30,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. Charges, 
£32. 

KELGG0LA MOUNT (Co. Phillip) is a peak of the Blue mountain range, in 
the S.E. corner of the county, and near the head of the Cudgegong river. Sandstone. 

KELLY No. 1 STATION (Albert district); occupiers, Macleay and Taylor; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £40 ; new appraise- 
ment, £28. 

KELLY No. 2 STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, Macleay and Taylor ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £35; new appraise- 
ment, £25. 

KELLY No. 3 STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, Macleay and Taylor; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £40 ; new appraise- 
ment, £30. 

KELLY No. 4 STATION (Albert district); occupiers, Macleay and Taylor; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £35 ; new appraise- 
ment, £36. 

KELLY'S HUT CREEK (Co. Gough) is a small creek at the head of the 
Yarrow river. Sandstone. 

KELLY'S PLAINS (Co. Sandon) is a tract of flat agricultural land, lying just 
outside the S. boundary of the Armidale township reserve, and cut up into small 
allotments, many of which are taken up. Granitic with alluvial drift. 

KELLY'S STATION CHEEK ( Co. Ashburnham) is a smaU N. tributary of the 



294 The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Kel— Kem 



Deladery creek, flowing between that and the other branch (Manildra) of Byrne's 
creek. Metamorphic shale. 

KELO, E., STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupier, Pearse, Joseph; area, 32,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Morec 
Charges, £30 Is. 

KELO STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Pearse, Joseph ; area, 38,600 
acres ; grazing capability, 1280 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Moree. 
The old charges were £80 ; the recently appraised rental is £70. 

KELSO, 33° 24' S. lat., 149° 37' E. long. {Co. Bathurst), is a postal township 
in the electoral district of W. Macquarie, and police district of Bathurst. It is 
situated on the Macquarie river, the Winburndale rivulet lying 6 miles to the N.E. 
The district is chiefly an agricultural one, embracing three-fourths of the Bathurst 
plains, whose soil is for agricultural and pastoral purposes, unequalled in the colony. 
The plains cover an area of about 10 miles square, and are surrounded by high ranges,, 
so that they form the bottom of an immense basin. The land is all more or less 
auriferous, particularly so near the ranges, but it is only of late that its golden re- 
sources, both alluvial and quartz, have attracted proper attention. There is a wind- 
mill near the town, but the establishment of steam flour mills at Bathurst has caused 
its disuse for 3 years back. To the E., and about 3 miles distant, is situated the 
reserve, set apart for the village of Raglan, allotments in which have only recently 
been sold. Here are the grounds of the Bathurst Horticultural, Agricultural, and 
Pastoral association, in which annual exhibitions of produce and stock are held. The 
N.E. boundary of Eaglan joins the lower or S.W. part of the Glanmire estate, which 
has lately come into notoriet}^ as a gold field. The township of Glanmire, with its 
population of 500, lies 4 miles to the 1ST. E. of Baglan, and is a post town, having a 
bi-weekly mail. The township of Littleton (also a post town) with a population of 
200, is situated 2 miles to the E. of Glanmire, and is the site of the celebrated Napo- 
leon reef, and other quartz workings. The Mitchell's creek quartz reefs lie across 
country about 9 miles further to the E. To the W. of Kelso, on the W. banks of 
the Macquarie, about a mile distant, is the town of Bathurst. To the N. of Kelso, 9 
miles, lies the village of Peel, which is surrounded by an agricultural district, though 
in a mountainous country. It has a daily mail, and numbers about 250 inhabitants. 
16 miles further to the N. are the township and diggings of Sofala. To the N.E. of 
Kelso are the post township and agricultural district of O'Comiell plains, having a 
scattered population. There is a mail service between all the places enumerated. 
With Sydney, 124 miles E., the communication is by Cobb and Co.'s coaches to Pen- 
rith, and thence by rail. There are 4 hotels in the place. The nearest hospital is at 
Bathurst, as are also the nearest carrying and telegraph office. Kelso was the site of 
the first settlement W. of the Blue mountains, the Government stockade, with the 
commandant's offices being established on the opposite side of the river, aboiit the 
centre of the present town of Bathurst. Kelso was set apart for free settlers, and is 
now the residence of many of the wealthiest inhabitants and largest landowners 
of the district. It has an Episcopalian church, 2 schools — 1 denominational (church of 
England), the other a private one. About 80 children attend the two. There are several 
good vineyards near the town, producing excellent wine. The geological formation is 
sandstone and granite, having deep deposits of wash drift, covered with rich vegetable 
soil. The population numbers about 500 persons. 

KEMBLA ( Co. Camden) is a postal village in the parish of Kembla, electoral 
district of Illawarra, and police district of Wollongong. It is situated on the Mullet 
creek, which flows within 4 a mile S. of mount Kembla, whence it derives its name, 
overhanging the village on the W. The district is an agricultural one, being taken 
up by small settlers, who are engaged principally in dairy pursuits, the fertile nature 
of the land making it peculiarly adapted for that industry. Kembla lies on the main 
road from Wollongong to Kiama, about 6 miles S. of the former place, and half way 
between the villages of Charcoal and Dapto, each of which is about 2 miles distant, 
the communication being by a mail cart daily. With Sydney, 70 miles N., the com- 
munication is from Wollongong by steamer. There is no hotel in Kembla, the 
nearest being at Charcoal or Dapto. The village forms part of the municipal district 
of central Illawarra, under the control of which the roads are placed. The surround- 
ing country is generally low, and rather flat, except to the W., where the magnificent 
Illawarra (or Coast) range towers in lofty grandeur overhead. The soil is good, and, 



Kem — Ken] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



295 



except where cleared, is covered with fine timber and thick undergrowth. The 
geological formation is chiefly carbonaceous sandstone, veins of coal cropping out in 
many places. The population, a scattered one, numbers about 100 persons. 

KEMBLA MOUNT {Co. Camden) is a lofty peak in the Illawarra range, over- 
hanging the villages of Kembla and Dapto, and lying on the W. side of the road from 
Wollongong to Kiama. This mountain presents a very conspicuous appearance from 
the sea, where it seems almost to stand alone. It is well wooded and scrubby, and 
abounds with native game. Carboniferous sandstone, having a dyke of limestone 12 
feet thick (discovered by Mr. B. Nixon) running through it ; there are also traces of 
iron in the sandstone. 

KEMPSEY, 31° 7 S. lat., 152° 47' E. long. (Co. Dudley), is a postal government 
township in the parish of Yarrevel, electoral district of the Hastings, and police 
district of port Macquarie. It is situated on the Macleay river, which divides it into 
East and West Kempsey, and lies about 240 miles N. of Sydney, and 30 from the 
Macleay river heads. There is a steam flour and saw mill (Redgate's) in West 
Kempsey. The district of the Macleay is principally an agricultural one, maize 
being grown in very large quantities, and the land being admirably adapted for the 
growth of the sugar cane, the cultivation of which is creating considerable attention 
amongst the settlers. Pastoral pursuits are followed in the outlying part of the 
district, and cattle, horses, and sheep all thriving well. The nearest places are, 
Frederickton, 4 miles, and Darkwater, 13 miles, N.E., the communication being by 
horse along the road, or by boat or the small steamer Nautilus along the river. 
With Sydney, 271 miles S., the communication is by the river steamer and sailing 
vessels, or occasional steamer, or by overland journey, by horse or dray, to the Man- 
ning river, or to port Macquarie, and thence by steamer. Kempsey has a post office, 
a court house, several stores, and churches belonging to the Roman catholic and 
Wesleyan bodies ; also, large school rooms, used by the church of England and Pres- 
byterian bodies. There are 2 Denominational and 1 vested National schools. A 
newspaper is published in the town (the Macleay Herald), and there is a branch of 
the Australian Mutual Provident society. Kempsey has 2 hotels — the Star, in West, 
ant 7 , the Pose, in East Kempsey ; there are no others in the district. The roads, 
whirves, punt, and bridges at and near Kempsey, are, and have been for some time 
past, in much need of repair. The banks of the river are composed of rich alluvial 
soil, from the township to the heads. Back from the river lies a belt of thick forest, 
and between the alluvial banks and the forest are swamps and boggy lagoons. Above 
the township the alluvial soil is also found, but in many places bold rocky ridges 
confine the course of the river. The geological formation is chiefly sandstone, iron- 
stone and limestone being found in abundance above the town. The population of 
East Kempsey numbers 145 persons, that of West Kempsey 230, and that of the 
surrounding district about 1650. 

KENDAL STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Darling, Ramsay ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 300 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Booligal. Charges, £30. 

KENLXS ( Co. Westmoreland) is a small village lying on the Fish river, 5 miles 
E. of O'Connell. Sandstone. 

KENMARE (Co. Murray) is a small village, with a church and a populous 
neighbourhood, in the vicinity of Gundaroo. Sandstone and limestone. 

KENNEDY is a county in the pastoral district of Wellington. It contains 
956,800 acres of unalienated land. Its present boundaries, however, are open to 
modification. 

KENNEDY'S CREEK [New England district) is a small tributary of the Rocky 
river, forming part of the Uralla or Rocky river diggings. A large mass of granite 
rocks lie in the bed of this creek, at its junction with the Rocky river, the largest 
mass being called the Wallabies ; the creek, for 2 miles up its course from this place, 
is one continued mass of boulders. A company called the Fulcrum company, is at 
work, moving these rocks, in order to work the ground beneath, and also to open a 
tail race for sluicing any clear ground in the bed of the creek. The geological forma- 
tion is hornblendic granite ; the gold, associated with garnets, sapphires, and tin ore 
lying in the granitic detritus. 



296 The Xev) South Wales Gazetteer. [Ken 



KENNY'S CREEK {Co. Cumberland) is a small E. tributary of the South 
creek. Saudstone and shale. 

KENNY'S POINT, 35° 4' S. lat., 149° 29' E. long. {Co. Argyle), is a postal 
hamlet, in the parish of Willeroo, and electoral and police districts of Queanbeyan. 
It takes its name from a point of land jutting out into lake George, at the most E. 
part of that lake, which was selected by Francis Kenny, Esq. , under the old system 
of grants to natives of the colony. It is merely a small agricultural settlement, 
which cannot with propriety be called a township or village, or scarcely even a hamlet. 
There is a reserve of 320 acres on the point, but it does not appear likely even to 
attain the dignity of a village. There are several small creeks which unite and empty 
their waters into the lake at the point ; they are, however, none of them permanent ; 
they are known as the Willeroo, Mitookitbah, and Currawang creeks. The mountains 
in the neighbourhood are the Alionayonga, 2 miles N.E. ; Currawang, 2 miles N. ; 
Governor's hill, 6 miles S. ; and several others of minor importance, but all being 
peaks or spurs of the main range of Australian Alps. The district is an agricultural 
and pastoral one, the Currawang copper mine lies due N. , distant 4 miles. There are 
at present some 30 men employed upon it, the depth sunk being 75 feet. The miners 
are of opinion that the indications give promise of great richness. The nearest places 
are Collector, distant 10 miles N.W. ; and Bungendore, 16 miles S. With these 
places there is communication by horse and dray, the road to Collector being an un- 
surveyod one, liable to daily obstructions from adjoining settlers, and well nigh 
impassable, and that to Bungendore being the main road from Goulburn to Quean- 
beyan. The road to Goulburn requires a little judicious expenditure, in order to 
make it a first-class one. With Sydney, 155 miles N.E., the communication is to 
Goulburn, 28 miles X. E. , by horse or dray, thence by Cobb's coach to Picton, and 
thence by rail. The nearest hotel is at Collector. Kenny's point has a post office and 
a school with an average attendance of 18 children, efficiently taught, and supported 
without assistance from the State. The surrounding country is low alluvial, and well 
adapted for cultivation or grazing purposes, and all alienated. The mountains which 
bound this flat vary in height from 500 to 1500 feet. The rocks on the surface to 
the N.W. consist of felstone and felspar porphyry, with red and white ferruginous 
sandstone, and some quartz ; to the N. the same superficial formation exists, with 
some promising yellow sandstone quarries from X. E. to S. E. To the S. E. the forma- 
tion becomes metamorphic, there being slate and quartz in the lower, and sandstone 
in the higher hills. From S.E. to S.W. the formation is generally trappean, in some 
instances curiously veined with quartz in the low grounds, and alternated with granite 
in the hills. Further S. the granite crops out in vast masses and porphyritic boulders. 
Some of these masses are in the form of pillars, many of which, on the margin of tiie 
lake, are 50 feet in height, and 9 or 10 feet in diameter ; there are also splendid slabs 
of enormous size, and entirely exposed. About 7 miles E. is a vein of limestone, a 
mile in width, and known to extend at least 10 miles in length. Along its course are 
numerous curious caves and chasms, abounding in stalactites. The population of 
Kenny's point numbers about 83 persons. 

KENT STATION (Bligh district) ; occupiers, Brocklehurst, W. W. and E. ; 
area, 40,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old charges, £31 ; new 
appraisement, £60. 

KENTUCKY PONDS {Cos. ffardinge and Sandon, New England district) is a 
S. auriferous tributary of the Rocky river, rising near Master's swamp and the W. 
slope of the Australian range, near Congai, and flowing N. about 10 miles through the 
village of Kentucky. It forms a portion of the boundary between the 2 counties 
named, and is crossed by the road from Uralla to Bendemeer. This creek, or chain 
of ponds, forms portions of the Uralla, or Rocky river, gold fields, and has numerous 
vast masses of boulder granite in its bed, under and between which the gold is 
mostly found. There is a fine waterfall on this creek near its fall into the Rocky 
river. The geological formation is hornblendic granite. 

KENTUCKY STATION (MurrumMdgee district) ; occupiers, Sloane, Spiro, 
and Jeffery ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £55. 

KENTUCKY STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Fletcher, John ; 
area, 40,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 head of cattle. The post town is Bende- 
meer. The old charges were £100; the recently appraised rental is £140. 



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297 



KENU STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Chisholm, J. ; area, 34,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old charges were £61 17s. 6d. ; 
the recently appraised rental is £100. 

KEPPIT STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Rundle, J. B. ; area, 
18,640 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £22. 

KERBIN STATION (Bligh district); occupier, Rouse, George; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

KEREWALLY CREEK {Co. White, Liverpool plains district) is a small W. 
tributary of the Tarrabeile creek, flowing through the rich pastoral country known 
as the Melville plains. Deep alluvial mould overlying basalt, which occasionally crops 
out in the form of small columns. 

KERIE, BACK RUN, No. 1 STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Glass, 
Hugh ; area, 30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Bourke. Old charges, £31 ; new appraisement, £36. 

KERIE STATION (Albert district); occupier, Glass, Hugh ; area, 32,000 acres; 
grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

KERND0MBIE STATION (Albert district); occupier, Brougham, Patrick; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

KERRAWANG CREEK (Co. Georgiana) is a small W. tributary of the Cook- 
bundoon river. Sandstone and schist. 

KEUNGAIE PLAINS, W., STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Chad- 
wick, Nicholas; area, 45,080 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, 
£30 8s. ; new appraisement, £100. 

KHANC0BAN STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Harvey and 
Cockburn ; estimated area, 40,320 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. 
The old charges were £61 17s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £90. 

KHANGAT MOUNT (Co. Gloucester) is a lofty, solitary peak lying on the S. 
bank of the Manning river, about 16 miles W. of Wingham. Sandstone. 

i f§ KHAPPINGAL CREEK (Co. Gloucester) is a small S. tributary of the Koo- 
raingal creek. Sandstone and limestone. 

KHATAMBUHL CREEK (Co. Macquarie) is a small N. tributary of the 
Manning river. Sandstone. 

KIAH RIVER (Co. Auckland). See Towamba River. 

KIALAT (or Luna) STATION (Murrumbidgee district); occupier, Ferguson, 
Donald ; estimated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old 
charges were £60 ; the recently appraised rental is £190. 

KIALGERAR STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Neale, John Thomas ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £45. 

KIAMA., 34° 39' S. lat., 150° 52' E. long. (Co. Camden), is a small and pleasantly 
situated seaport town in the electoral and police district of Kiama. It lies on the 
head of a small bay, protected from the S. winds by a large jetty. There are several 
small creeks about the town, which afford a plentiful supply of water. The Illawarra 
lake lies 4 miles N.W. The district is an agricultural and pastoral one, mostly 
occupied by small dairy farmers. The district is justly celebrated for the excellence 
of the butter it produces. There is a steam flour mill in the town, also a brewery 
and 2 tanneries, all working. The nearest places are, Gerringong, 5 miles S. , and 
Jamberoo, N.W. about 5 miles. The communication is by horse and dray, or hired 
carriage, and with Sydney, 89 miles N. , by steamer or sailing vessel, or by a good 
overland mail road. Kiama has a newspaper — the Kiama Independent ; it has also 
branches of the English, Scottish, and Australian Chartered, City, and Commercial 
banks, and of the Imperial, Pacific, Victoria, Sydney, Northern, Liverpool and 
London and Globe, and Australian Mutual Provident Insurance companies. There is 
also a branch Bible society, in connection with the one in Sydney. Kiama has a 
post and money order office, a telegraph office, and a court of petty sessions. There 
are stone churches belonging to the Episcopalian, Roman catholic, Presbyterian, and 
Wesleyan persuasions. A fine stone breakwater and dock basin are in course of con- 



298 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



[Kia 



struction. The hotels are, the Steam Packet, Beehive, and Fermanagh. There is a 
singular natural phenomenon on a rocky hill lying between Kiama and the ocean, in 
the form of a perpendicular hole, nearly circular, and about 5 yards in diameter at 
the top, perforating the rock until it opens into a chasm at the foot of the outer cliff, 
up which the breakers rush with great force. In heavy weather, or when the wind 
blows strongly from the E. , the water forced along the narrow channel finds egress 
up this blow-hole, and spouts upward in a magnificent volume, until it is driven by 
the wind over the hill in a cloud of spray. The surrounding country is elevated, and 
the geological formation is mostly sandstone. The population numbers about 700 
persons. Kiama is a municipality, declared August 11th, 1859. 

The Kiama electoral district embraces an E. portion of the county of Camden ; and 
is bounded on the N. by the Illawarra lake, and the Macquarie rivulet to its source ; 
on the W. by the Illawarra range, and the middle source of the Kangaroo river, to a 
point due W. from the head of the Crooked river ; on the S. by a line from that point 
to the head of the Crooked river, and by that river to the sea ; and on the E. by the 
sea to the Illawarra lake, aforesaid. This electorate returns 1 member to the Legis- 
lative Assembly, the present representative being H. Parkes, Esq. The number of 
registered electors in this district is 1215, of whom 931 voted at the last general 
election, 1864-1865. 

Kiama is a police district, embracing an E. portion of the county of Camden, and 
bounded on the N. by the Illawarra lake, and the Macquarie rivulet to its source ; on 
the W. by the Illawarra range, and the middle source of the Kangaroo river, to a 
point due W. from the head of the Crooked river ; on the S. by a line from that point 
to the head of the Crooked river, and by that river to the sea ; and on the E. by the 
sea to the Illawarra lake, aforesaid. The place of petty sessions is Kiama. 

KIAMA (Co. Georgiana) is a small agricultural village, lying on the Crookwell 
river, 5^ miles distant from the township of Laggan, in a S. E. direction. 

KIAMBA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, De Sailly, G. P. ; area, 62,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £35. 

KIAMBA STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Tuck, J. W. ; esti- 
mated area, 25,600 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £48. 

KIAMBLA CREEK (Co. Wynyard) is a S. tributary of the Murrumbidgee 
river, rising in the swampy land to the N. of the township of Billabung, and flowing 
N. about 30 miles through flat pastoral country, lightly timbered with honeysuckle 
and box. It is fed by the Large, O'Brien's, and Tywong creeks, and is crossed near 
its mouth by the road from Tarcnttato Wagga-Wagga, about 6 miles S.E. of the latter 
place. 

KIANDRA, 35° 52' S. lat., 148° 32' E. long. {Co. Coivley), is apostal township in 
the parish of Gianderra, electoral district of Monaro, and police district of Cooma. 
It is situated on the Eucumbene river, Bullock Head creek being 1 mile, and Charcoal 
creek, 3 miles distant. The district is an alluvial mining one, formerly of consider- 
able importance but having fallen off for the last few years. The principal workings 
are the Three Mile, Four Mile, Six Mile, Nine Mile, and Twelve Mile diggings, all at 
the respective distances indicated by their names, and the Charcoal, 3 miles, and 
Pocky plain 3 miles distant. The nearest places are Adaminiby, 20 miles S.S.E. ; 
Tumut, 60 miles N.W. ; and Denison, 6 miles S.E. The communication with these 
places is now by horse or dray, the coaches which in the palmy days of the Kiandra 
diggings having been withdrawn, the mail is conveyed on horseback. An occasional 
coach, however, runs from Tarcutta to Kiandra, but it is not to be depended on, un- 
less specially ordered. With Sydney, 313 miles N.E., the communication is by 
Cobb's line of mail coaches from Tarcutta, via Gundagai, Yass, and Goulburn, to 
Picton, and thence by rail. Kiandra has a post and money order office, a telegraph 
station, a court house, and there are 4 hotels, the Empire, Exchange, Adelaide, and 
Camp Inn. The surrounding country is mountainous ; and the geological formation, 
granite, trap rock, and shale. The quantity of gold received by escort from the 
Kiandra gold fields during the year 1864, was 6866 ozs. ; which at £3 15s. 2d. peroz., 
was of the total value of £25,808 6s. 6d. During the year 1864 were sold 521 miners' 
rights, and 12 business licences. The population, including that of the diggings 
named, numbers about 230 persons. 



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299 



KIANDRA (or Gianderra) PLAINS (Co. Wallace) is a fiat, lying to the N.W. 
of the town of Kiandra, amidst the Gianderra or Kiandra range of mountains. It 
affords good pasturage, but is covered with snow in winter. This plain forms part 
of the Kiandra diggings. Metamorphic slate and syenitic granite. 

KIANDRA RANGE (Co. Wallace). See Gianderra Range. 

KICKERBILL STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Weaver, Blax- 
land ; area, 38,400 acres ; grazing capability, 10,000 sheep. The old charges were 
£ 100 ; the recently appraised rental is £350. 

KIDGAR, BACK E., STATION (Bligh district) ; occupiers, Watt and 
M 'Master ; area, 27,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31. 

KIDGAR, BACK W., STATION (Bligh district) ; occupiers, Watt and 
M'Master ; area, 27,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31. 

KIDGAR, E., STATION (Bligh district); occupiers, Watt and M'Master- 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31. 

KIDGAR, W., STATION (Bligh district); occupiers, Watt and M'Master; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31. 

KIENGAL STATION {Wan-ego district); occupier, M'Kenzie, Collin; area, 
16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

KIGWIGIL, E., STATION (Warrego district) ; occupiers, Glass and Corrigan ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4,000 sheep. Charges, £31 17s. 3d. 

KIGWIGIL, N., STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, White, James; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

KIGWIGIL, W., STATION (Warrego district) ; occupiers, Glass and Corrigan ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31. 

KIGWIGIL STATION (Warrego district) ; occupiers, White, J. T., H. C, and 
E. ; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£30 ; the recently appraised rental is £60. 

KIKEAMAH STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Walsh, Patrick : area, 
28,800 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £52. 

KIMO DIGGINGS (Co. Harden), an alluvial quartz diggings in the Kimo ranges, 
lying on the N. bank of the Murrumbidgee river, within 3 miles of the township of 
Gundagai. Granite and shales. 

KIMO STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Bank of New South Wales ; area, 
8320 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old charges were £30 ; the re- 
cently appraised rental is £77. 

KILDARE CREEK {Co. King) is a small W. tributaiy of the Upper Lachlan 
river, flowing in the Yass plains. Slate and limestone. 

KILENYANA STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Jeffreys, Herbert 
C.j area, 14,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 sheep. The old charges were £30 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £43 15s. 

KILEY'S HILL (Co. Buccleugh) is the S. peak of the Honeysuckle ranges, 
lying on the E. bank of the Tumut river, near the E. boundary of the parish of 
Brungle. Older volcanic. 

KILMUM STATION (Albert district); occupier, Smith, Joseph ; area, 30,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. Charges, 
£32. 

KILON STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Pile, James ; area, 64,000 acres ; 
grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £60. 

KILLAWARREENAH STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Oaks and 
Josephson ; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. Charges, £50. 

KILLEEN STATION (Lachlan district) ■ occupiers, De Sailly and Francis ; 
area, 39,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

KILLIMICAT CREEK {Co. Buccleugh) is a small E. tributary of the Tumut 



300 



The Xew South Wales Gazetteer. [Kil — Kin 



river, rising in the Wy angle hill, and flowing N.W., about 15 miles through rugged 
country, and much good agricultural land, cut up into small allotments, and much of 
it sold in the parishes of Wyangle, Killimicat, and Brungle. Slate and trap rock. 

KILLIMICAT HILL ( Co. Bucckugh) is a lofty detached hill in the parish of 
Killimicat, lying about 6 miles N. of the town of Tumut. Older volcanic. 

KILLOONGr MOUNT (Co. Bland) is a solitary hill lying in the vast plain 
between the Lachlan and Murrumbidgee rivers. Pliocene tertiary. 

KILFERA BLOCK (A) STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Ryan, Charles; 
area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

KILFERA BLOCK (B) STATION {Darling district); occupier, Ryan, Charles ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

KILFERA BLOCK (C) STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Ryan, 
Charles ; area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 400 sheep. Charges, £30 15s. 

KILFERA BLOCK (D) STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Ryan, 
Charles ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

KILFERA BLOCK (E) STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Ryan, 
Charles; area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31. 

KILFERA BLOCK (F) STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Ryan, 
Charles ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31. 

KILFERA BLOCK (G-) STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Ryan, 
Charles ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

KILFERA BLOCK (H) STATION {Darling district); occupier, Ryan, 
Charles ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

KILFERA BLOCK (I) STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Ryan, 
Charles ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 15s. 

KILFERA BLOCK (J) STATION (Darling district); occupier, Ryan, 
Charles ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 15s. 

KILFERA BLOCK (K) STATION {Darling district); occupier, Ryan, Charles; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 15s. 

KILFERA BLOCK (L) STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Ryan, Charles; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 15s. 

KILFERA BLOCK (M) STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Ryan, Charles ; 
area, 64, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. . Charges, £30 10s. 

KILFERA BLOCK (N) STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Ryan, Charles ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

KILFERA BLOCK (O) STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Ryan, Charles ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

KILFERA BLOCK (P) STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Ryan, Charles ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

KILFERA BLOCK (Q) STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Ryan, Charles ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

KILPARA STATION (Albert district); occupiers, Clough and Bogg; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

KINCHELA (Co. Dudley) is a small agricultural hamlet, in the parish and 
electoral district of the Hastings. It lies near Kempsey, on the Macleay river, and 
has a small farming population included in that of that place. There is a Wesleyan 
chapel in the hamlet. Sandstone. 

KINCHELA CREEK {Co. Dudley) is a small S. tributary of the lower end of 
the Macleay river. Sandstone and alluvial deposit. 

KINCUMBER, 33° 30' S. lat., 151° 25' E. long. {Co. Northumberland), is a small 
postal township, in the parish of Kincumber, electoral district of the Wollombi, and 
police district of Brisbane water. It is situated on the Kincumber creek, which 
flows through the centre of the township reserve, and supplies the inhabitants with 



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301 



fine pure fresh water. The parish of Kincumber is bounded on the E. by the Pacific 
ocean, on the S. by the Cockle creek and Broken bay, on the W. by the Broadwater 
leading to Gosford, and on the N. by Mosquito town. There is a large mountain of 
Bulga running through the centre of the parish called the Kincumber mount, or 
Bulga. The district is an agricultural one, there being splendid patches of cultivated 
land in the valleys, most of which are taken up by small farmers. The nearest 
places are Gosford, the chief town in the district, about 6 miles W. , and Mosquito 
town, 4 miles N. There are two roads, one, a new postal one, and the other over the 
mountains. There are no means of conveyance in the district, the communication 
being by horse and dray, or by small boats on the river, most of the settlers keeping 
their own. With Sydney, 50 miles S. the communication is from Gosford by water, 
a steamer plying about twice a month, and small sailing vessels, laden with timber 
and shells for lime burning, continually trading to and fro. The nearest hotel is at 
Gosford. The surrounding country is very picturesque, consisting of hill, vale, and. 
low land, acd having many spots of peculiarly calm and tranquil beauty, the view of 
the Pacific ocean is most magnificent, the atmosphere is pure, healthy, and bracing, 
and Kincumber would make an excellent watering place. The timber is plentiful, 
and of excellent quality, and the geological formation is carbonaceous sandstone, 
and experienced persons who have examined the locality have declared the existence 
of minerals and ores of all kinds, except gold. Coal and iron are abundant, but no 
mines have as yet been worked in the district. The population numbers about 400 
persons, having a character for steadiness, hospitality, and industry, and being mostly 
engaged in agricultural pursuits, and in cutting timber, and the building of small 
vessels, for the construction of which the timber of the district is peculiarly suitable. 

KINDAR00N MOUNT {Co. Hunter) is a peak of the Hunter range, lying near 
the head of the Tupa creek. It is rugged and scrubby, and composed of ferruginous 
sandstone. 

KINDEE BROOK {Co. Macquarie) is a small N. tributary of the Hastings river. 
Sandstone and alluvial drift. 

KINDUR RIVER {Gwydir district), native name for the Gwydir river. Sea 
Gwydir River. 

KINGARRAGAN CREEK ( Co. Wellington) is an auriferous tributary of the 
Burraba creek, flowing in the rugged country to the E. of the Louisa Creek gold fields. 
It is fed by the Devil's Hole and Spring creeks. The geological formation is micaceous 
schist and clayey shale, with quartz ridges and occasional dykes of trappean rock. 

KING is a county bounded on the E. by the dividing range, forming the W. 
boundary of the county of Argyle, from the head of the Crookwell river, 
in lat. 34° 30', to the head of the Gundaroo creek near lake George ; on the S. by Gun- 
daroo creek and the river Yass to the junction of Derringullen creek, near Bowning 
hill ; on the W. by the range of Bowning hill to the head of Boorowa river, and by 
that river to its junction with the Lachlan ; on the N.E. by the rivers Lachlan and 
the Crookwell to its source, as before mentioned. It comprises 1781 square miles, or 
1,159,840 square acres. The number of freehold landholders in this county is 605, and 
of leaseholders 55. The extent of land in cultivation is 12,443^ acres. Under wheat there 
are 8313 acres ; under maize, 1104^ acres ; under barley, 281^ acres ; under oats, 571 
acres ; under tobacco, 2 acres ; and under vine, 11 acres. Livestock : — horses, 16,768 ; 
horned cattle, 34,307 ; sheep, 224,505 ; and pigs, 3223. 

KINGD0N PONDS {Co. Brisbane) is a tributary stream at the head of the 
Dart brook. It rises in mount Murulla, and flows in a S. direction, being fed by the 
Petwyn valley and Middle creeks. The geological formation consists of beds of con- 
glomerate and sandstone reposing on the flanks of porphyritic hills. 

KINGB0N PONDS (Co. Brisbane) is a small agricultural village on the creek 
of the same name. It is situated 6 miles N. of Scone. There are 2 hotels, Roche's, 
and Skinner's, in the village. Sandstone and conglomerate. 

KINGSGATE STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Dickson, James ; 
area, 26,680 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. The old charges were £73 15s. ; 
the recently appraised rental is £90. 

KING GEORGE MOUNT (Co. Cook) is a lofty peak of the Blue mountains, 
lying on the N. bank of the upper part of the Grose valley, and overlooking that wild 



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and picturesque glen. This is the saddle-backed hill, seen from Sydney. It attains 
an elevation of 3620 feet above the level of the sea. Sandstone. 

KING JOHN'S CREEK ( Co. Hdrdinge, New England district) is a W. tribu- 
tar}' of the upper part of the Gwydir river. Hornblendic granite. 

KING MOUNT (Albert district), a peak of the Grey range, which see. 

KING'S CREEK (Co. Bathurst) is a small creek so called, from a man named 
King having walked from Emu plains to this creek, a distance of 145 miles, in little 
more than two days. Sandstone. 

KING'S CREEK {Co. Macquarie). See Narran Creek. 

KING'S PLAIN'S {Co. Argyh) is a piece of fine flat country, lying to the N.W. 
of the township of Goulburn, on the opposite side of the Wollondilly river, and in the 
parish of Narrangarril. It lies within the reserve from conditional purchase, on ac- 
count of population, and is bounded on the W. by the Sully creek. Metamorphic 
slate. 

KING'S PLAINS {Co. Bathurst) is a tract of auriferous country, lying to the 
N. of Blayney, and S. of Guyong, and watered by the Belubula river. These plains 
abound with excellent porcelain clay. Sandstone. 

KING'S PLAINS ( Co. Gough) is the name given a tract of good pastoral land, 
lying to the W. of the township of Wellingrove, between Frazer's creek on the S., 
and the Severn river on the N. It is well grassed and watered, and lightly tim- 
bered. Granite and sandstone, with deep alluvial deposit. 

KING'S PLAINS {Co. Bathurst) ; the diggings on King's plains are included in 
the Bathurst gold fields, and have a mining population of about 300 persons. 

KING'S PLAINS QUARTZ REEF (Co. Bathurst). See Guyong. 

KING'S PLAINS STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Richardson, A. 
H. ; area, 17,920 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£141 17s. 6d.; the recently appraised rental is £246. 

KING'S RIVER {Co. Macquarie). See Narran River. 

KING'S TABLE LAND ( Co. Cook) is an elevated tract of country situated on 
the Great Western road, and being 2727 feet above the level of the sea. The view is 
magnificent : for 18 miles from the commencement of the ascent of the Blue moun- 
tains the slope is gradual ; from thence to the 26th mile is a succession of steep and 
rugged hills, some so abrupt as almost to deny a passage across them. On the S.W. 
the mountain terminates in lofty precipices, at whose base is seen the beautiful 
Prince Regent's Glen, about 24 miles in length. The mass of sandstone is seamed by 
ravines, deep in proportion to its height, until the profound depth of the valleys 
adjacent to the Weatherboard and Blackheath, enclosed by rocky precipices, imparts 
to the scenery a wild grandeur of a very uncommon character. The whole mass con- 
sists of a ferruginous sandstone, composed of angular or slightly worn grains of 
quartz, cemented by oxide of iron. 

KINGSTOWN (Co. Northumberland). See Newcastle. 

KING WILLIAM MOUNT ( Co. Clarence) is a low hill lying within the town- 
ship reserve, and to the N.E. of Copmanhurst, on the N. bank of the Clarence river. 
Sandstone and limestone. 

KI0RA, 35° 52' S. lat., 149° 59' E. long. {Co. Dampier), is a private township on 
the estate of J. Hawdon, Esq., in the parish of Kiora, electoral district of Eden, 
and police district of Broulee. It is situated on the Moruya river, which flows 
within half a mile N. N. E. , the Dena creek being 2 miles W. ; the Wamban creek, 2 
miles S. E. ; and the Burra creek, 4 miles W. The Coila and Meringo lakes, both salt, 
and abounding in fish, lie about 8 miles distant. The Sugar Loaf mountain lies 9 
miles S., and the Muckendora mountain 8 miles W., both being very steep and rugged. 
The district is an agricultural and mining one, the latter both quartz and alluvial ; the 
Bergaba and Donkey Hill reefs, and the Moruya silver mine, being all in the neigh- 
bourhood ; and there being 2 steam quartz crushing mills within a mile, and a steam 
engine for raising quartz within 1^ mile of the township. The nearest place is Moruya, 
2 miles E.N.E., the communication with which is by road, on horseback, or by water 
by small boat ; the former route being 2, and the latter 5 miles. With Sydney, 203 



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303 



miles, the communication is from Moruya by Australasian Steam Navigation company's 
steamers. There are no hotels in Kiora, although there are several in and about 
Moruya. There are no regular coach offices, bat goods are conveyed by pack horses to 
Araluen, and by drays to and from Moruya. The surrounding country is generally 
mountainous, with alluvial flats and undulating grass lands. The geological formation 
is granitic, with quartz ridges, trap and slate. 

KIPPARA MOUNT (Co. Mucquarie) is a high solitary peak at the head of 
Wilson's river, about 20 miles W. of Kempsey. Sandstone and limestone. 

KIPPIELAW (Co. Argyle) is a small settlement lying near Goulburn. 
KIRABARE STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Trust and Agency 
company; area, 40,861 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

KTRXBXLI POINT {Co. Cumberland) is a rocky projection on the N. shore of 
port Jackson, in St. Leonard's, lying opposite to Farm cove, on the Sydney side of 
the harbour. A fort, mounting five 8 inch guns, is situated on the point. Sandstone. 

KIRINDI STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Brougham, John ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Booligah 
Charges, £30 2s. 

KIRCONNELL {Co. Roxburgh) is a small agricultural and mining village in 
the parishes of Castleton and Yetholme, and electoral district of East Maccpuarie. It 
is situated on the Kirconnel creek, and the Lucky swamp, and on the main road 
from Sydney to Bathurst, about 4 miles W. of Meadow Hat. It is the centre of the 
Kirconnel alluvial gold field. It contains a handsome Roman catholic chapel. The 
nearest post towns are Meadow flat and Frying pan. Limestone, granite, and clay 
shale. 

KIRCONNELL CREEK {Co. Roxburgh) is a small tributary of the head of 
the Winburndale rivulet, flowing into and out of the Lucky swamp, in the Kir- 
connell gold fields, in a W. direction. Much of the land on the bank of the creek is 
available for agricultural purposes, and is taken up by small farmers. The geological 
formation is sandstone, limestone, and clay shale. 

KIRCONNELL GOLD FIELD ( Co. Roxburgh) is a gold field, lying to the S. 
of the Turon river gold fields. Slate, limestone, and granite. 

KIRRABIRI STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Ricketson, H. ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £117 os. 

KITCH0 STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Tyson, Peter ; area, 64,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is BooligaL 
Charges, £60. 

KITEGrORA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Wallis, William ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31. 

KITO RIVER ( Warrego district) is a mouth of the Bokhara river, conveying 
portion of the waters of that river in an E. and S.E. direction, into the Barwon or 
Upper Darling river. The geological formation is lower palaeozoic, with fluviatile 
deposit. 

KITTICARRARA (or Cooney's Cheek) {Co. Harden) is a N. tributary of the 
Murrumbidgee river, rising in the E. part of the Muttama gold field, and flowing S.E. 
about 20 miles. It crosses the main road from Jugiong to Gundagai, about 3 miles 
W. of the former place. There is some good agricultural land, several sections of 
which are held by J. Pring, and much of which is cut up into small farms on the 
lower end of this creek. Metamorphic slate. 

KITTY'S CREEK (Co. Gresham) is a small W. tributary of the Guy Fawkes' 
river, falling into it near the confluence of the Sara river. Sandstone. 

KN0CKFEN (Co. Northumberland) is a small rural hamlet, lying adjacent to 
the postal village of Lochinvar, and occupied by a number of small agricultural 
farms. The population is included in that of Lochinvar. 

K0GARAH {Co. Cumberland) is a postal village, in the parish of St. George, 
electoral district of S. Cumberland, and police district of Sydney. It is situated on 
the Kogarah creek and George's river, and lies 5 miles distant from Woolonora creek. 



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The district is an agricultural one, the inhabitants being principally employed as 
market gardeners. Cook's river lies 3 miles N., the communication being with that 
place, as with Sydney, by omnibus. There are 4 hotels in and near the village, the 
Gardeners' Arms, Currency Lass, Blue Posts Inn, and Rocky Point hotel. Kogarah 
lies on the Wollongong road, there being a punt over the George's river at a distance 
of a mile from the village for the convenience of passengers. Sandstone. 

KLYBUCCA STATION (Macleay district) ; occupier, Spencer, Charles ; area, 
20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. Charges, £15. 

K0LANG0NG STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Murphy, Miles ; area, 
19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 300 head of cattle. Charges, £24 Is. 3d. 

K0LKXBXT00 BACK RUN STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Wallace, 
Wm. ; area, 40,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post 
town is Forbes. Charges, £31. 

K0LKXBERT00 BLOCK (A) STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Grant, 
E. and D. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Forbes. Charges, £30. 

K0LKIBERT00, S., BLOCK (A) STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, 
Hume, John K. ; area, 19,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Forbes. Charges, £30. 

K0LKIBERT00, S., STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Wallis, William; 
area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Forbes. 
Charges, £30. 

K0LKIBERT00, W., STATION {Lachlan district); occupier, Wallis, William; 
area, 40,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Forbes. 
Charges, £30. 

K00C0MBERA STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Tyson, James ; area, 
22,400 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £74 5s.; the 
recently appraised rental is £300. 

K00LT00 STATION {Albert district); occupiers, Henty and Samson; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

K00RAXNGAL CREEK (Co. Gloucester) is a small stream, rising to the S. of 
Tinonee, and flowing into the sea, about 4 miles N. of Halliday's point. It is fed by 
the Khappingal creek. Sandstone and limestone. 

K00EEE CREEK (Co. Northumberland) is a small tributary of the Mangrove 
creek. Sandstone. 

KQORNXNGBXRRY STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Wright, William 
Henry ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

K00R0GANG (Co. Northumberland). See Mosquito Island. 

X00R0WATHA (Co. Monteagle) is a small township in the electoral district 
of the Lachlan, and police district of Binalong. It is a roadside township, and is 
situated on the Crowther and Bang-Bang creeks, and on the road from Cowra to 
Young, 20 miles S. W. from the former place. The township, since the decline of the 
Burrangong diggings, has become unimportant, and has now a small scattered popu- 
lation, employed chiefly in agriculture. Metamorphic slate. 

K00T00L00M0HB00, N., STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Brown, 
Charles ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £37 10s. 

K00T00L00M0HD00 STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Brown, Charles ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £37 10s. 

KGREELAH STATION (Clarence district) ; occupier, Napier, Robert ; area, 
36,040 acres ; grazing capability, 1600 head of cattle. Old charges, £13 15s.; new 
appraisement, £170. 

K0R0G0R0 POINT (Co. Macquarie) is a rocky promontory, standing boldly 
out into the sea about 10 miles S. of Smoky cape. Sandstone. 

-KOB^RXBAKLE CREEK (Co, Gloucester) is a small creek, draining Larry's 
flat, and flowing into Burril creek. Sandstone and alluvial drift. 



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KOSCUISKO MOUNT {Cos. Wallace and Selwyn) is the culminating point of the 
Muniong range of mountains, attaining an elevation — according to the measurements 
of the Rev. W. B. Clarke—of 7308 feet above the level of the sea. It was so called 
by the first explorer of this region, Count Strzelecki, in consequence of the resemblance 
which it bore to a tumulus erected at Cracow over the remains of his illustrious 
countryman, the Polish patriot. Mount Koscuisko is a craggy cone of syenite, covered 
with snow most of the year, and commanding a prospect that includes an area of 7000 
square miles. It was first ascended by Strzelecki, on February 15th, 1840, the sum- 
mit being reached at noon, and the explorer and his party, Messrs. McArthur and 
Riley, with servants, standing amidst those snows whose dazzling piimacles had so 
enraptured Messrs. Hume and Hovell fifteen years before. Standing above the adja- 
cent mountains, which could either detract from its imposing aspec^. or intercept the 
view, mount Koscuisko is one of those few elevations the ascent of which, far from 
disappointing, presents the traveller with all that can remunerate fatigue. In the 
N. E. view the eye is carried as far back as the Shoalhaven country, the ridges of all 
the spurs of the Manero and Twofold bay, as well as those which, to the W. , en- 
close the tributaries of the Murrumbidgee, being conspicuously delineated. Beneath 
the feet, looking from the very verge of the cone downwards almost perpendicularly, 
the eye plunges into a fearful gorge, 3000 feet deep, in the bed of which the sources of 
the Murray gather their contents, and roll their united waters to the W. 

KOWNUNG CREEK (Co. Westmoreland) is a tributary of Cox's river. Sand- 
stone and shale. 

KREIOOS MOUNT (Co. Clarence) is a high hill, on the N. bank of the Orara 
river, and about 20 miles S. of Grafton. The geological formation is generally car- 
bonaceous. 

KRUI RIVER ( Co. Bligh) is a N. tributary of the upper end of the Goulburn 
river. It rises in the Liverpool range, to the S. of mount Mooan, and flows in a S. 
direction, being fed by the Lorimer, Berrenderry, and Bella-Leppa creeks, in its 
course. It passes through the village of Ailsa. Sandstone and shale. 

KTJMB ALINE RIVER {Co. Macqnarie) is a tributary of Wilson's river, rising 
in mount Kippora. Sandstone and shales. 

KUMREBERTJ, E., STATION {Warrego district); occupier, Lord, George; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

KUMREBERU STATION (Warrego district); occupier, Evans, James ; are^, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £40. 

KUNDABAKL CREEK ( Co. Gloucester) is a small tributary of Burril cree>, 
draining Larry's fiat. Sandstone. 

KUNDERANG CREEK (Co. Dudley) is a small S. tributary of the Macleay 
river. Sandstone and limestone. 

KUNGAIE STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Chadwick, Nicholas ; area, 
25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Balranald. 
The old charges were £45 4s. ; the recently appraised rental is £195, 

KUNGAIE PLAINS STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Chadwick, 
Nicholas ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Balranald. Old charges, £30 8s. ; new appraisement, £46. 

KTJN0PIA {Co. Benarba) is a postal hamlet in the electoral district of the 
Gwydir, and police district of Warialda. It is situated on the Boomi river, the Mac- 
intyre river being 8 miles N., and Whalan creek 10 S. It is on the road from Wal- 
gett to Queensland, via Callandoon. The district is. a pastoral one, Moree being the 
nearest township, distant 67 miles S. , and the communication being by horse only. 
With Sydney, 480 miles S. E. , the communication is by horse, via Walgett, Wee-Waa, 
and Gulligal to Murrurrundi, thence by coach to Singleton, thence by rail to New- 
castle, and thence by steamer. The surrounding country is flat, and consists of open 
saltbush plains, intersected by belts of brigalow scrub, and occasional patches of box 
and gum forest. 

KUN0PIA STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupiers, Logan, Robert ; area, 32,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 1120 head of cattle. The nearest -post town is Kunopia. The 
old charges were £70 ; the recently appraised rental is £105~ 
V 



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[Kur — Lac 



KTJRIONGr STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Patterson, J. J. and A. ; 
area, 7080 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £34. 

KURRABA (Co. Cumberland) is a high precipitous rocky point, standing out 
boldly from the N. shore of port Jackson, opposite Woolloomoolloo bay. There is a 
ballast quarry at the point. Sandstone. 

KURRAJONGr HILL STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Mort, Cameron, 
and Buchanan; area, 10,000 acres; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, 
£50 5s. 6d. 

KURYONGr CREEK {Co. Harden). See Curiong Creek. 

KUTENBRUN MOUNT ( Co. Northumberland) is a peak in the Hunter range, 
lying about 5 miles S.E. of Wollombi. Sandstone. 

KUTHI STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Williams, J. ; area, 32,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

KYARGrATHER STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Lee, William ; 
area, 25,600 acres ; grazing capability, 850 head of cattle. Charges, £52 6s. lid. 

KYARGATHER, N., STATION {Wellington district) ; occupier, Lee, William; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

KYBEAN PEAK {Co. Beresford) is a lofty peak in the Dividing range, lying at 
the head of the Kybean river, about 16 miles N.E. of Nimmitabel ; and attaining an 
altitude of 4010 feet above the level of the sea, according to the approximation of the 
Rev. W. B. Clarke, who describes the geological formation as made up of various 
granitic rocks, irregularly interpolating and distributing quartz -bearing slates of 
different colours and degrees of hardness, of which the edges and lower ranges are 
partly overflowed by trappean eruptions. 

KYBEAN STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Murphy, John; area, 18,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Nimmitabel. 
Charges, £96 17s. 6d. 

> KYBEYAN RIVER {Co. Beresford), an E. tributary of the Umaralla river, 
rising in the W. slope of the Australian Alps, and flowing N. W. about 20 miles into 
the main stream, 4 miles S.E. of Umaralla township. It waters fine pastoral country 
of undulating forest, with steep barren ranges. The geological formation is sandstone 
rock, with occasional outcropping granite and limestone. 

KYDRA STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Tracy, T. and James ; area, 3840 
acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Old charges, £10 ; new appraisements, 
£25. 

KYEAMBA STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Walker, Thomas ; 
area, 10,240 acres ; grazing capability, 1200 sheep. Charges, £60. 

KYTJGA. (Co. Durham) is a small Government surveyed township in the electoral 
district of upper Hunter, situated on the W. bank of the Hunter river at its con- 
fluence with Dartbrook, and about 3| miles S. of the township of Aberdeen. The 
district is an agricultural and pastoral one, and the population is small and scattered. 

LACHLAN electoral district embraces a N.E. portion of the Lachlan pastoral 
district, and a S. W. portion of the county of King, and is bounded on the E. by the Lach- 
lan river, from the confluence of the Belubula river, to the confluence of Old Man creek, 
at Wallah- Wallah, thence by that creek to its head in the range dividing the waters of 
the Boorowa and Lachlan rivers ; by that range, S. , the S. watershed of Pudman's creek, 
and the range dividing the waters of the Kiangaroo and Laing's creeks, to a point on 
the Boorowa river, 1 mile below the N. W. corner of N. R. Besnard's 326 acres, thence 
by the Boorowa river, upwards, to the confluence of Hassal's creek, thence up Hassal's 
creek to its source in the range dividing the Yass and Boorowa rivers, then by that 
range to the point where it joins the range dividing the Yass river and Jugiong creek 
falls ; thence by that range to the point where the spur branches which terminates 
on the Murrumbidgee, at the confluence of the Yass river, and thence by that spur to 
the said confluence ; thence on the S. by the Murrumbidgee river, downwards, to the 
confluence of Jugiong creek, thence by a spur range, and the range dividing the waters 
of Jugiong creek from those of the Kitticarra and Muttamuttama creeks, to the range 



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307 



dividing the waters of the Murrumbidgee and Lachlan rivers, by that range to its W. 
termination, and thence by a line bearing N. W. to the Lachlan river, at the confluence 
of the small creek which joins that river hi the Booabungril reserve ; and on the N. by 
that river, upwards, to the confluence of the Balubula river, aforesaid. This electorate 
comprises the police district of Binalong, and returns 1 member to the Leislative 
Assembly, the present representative being the hon. J. Martin. The number of re- 
gistered electors in this district is 3593, of whom 943 voted at the last general election, 
1864-1865. 

LACHLAN (or Forbes) GOLD FIELD {Co. Ashburnham) is an alluvial diggings 
on the if. bank of the Lachlan river, near the township of Forbes. It is in the district 
of the Western gold fields. Metamorphic slate. The quantity of gold received by 
escort from the Lachlan (or Forbes) gold fields during the year 1864 was 18,722 ozs., 
which, at £3 lis. lOd. per oz., was of the total value of £67,244 6s. During the year 
1864 were sold 1066 miners' rights, 155 business licenses, and 1 lease of 3 acres of 
alluvial land. 

LACHLAN is the name of a pastoral district, lying between the Lachlan and 
Murrumbidgee rivers. It consists chiefly of vast flats, with occasional mountains, the 
plains being sparsely grassed, and overgrown in many places by belts of myall scrub, 
and along the banks of the rivers by vast beds of salsolaceons plants. It is admirably 
adapted for grazing purposes. It is also auriferous in the E. part, the Lachlan (or 
Forbes) gold fields being situated there. The chief towns of the district are Boorowa, 
Binalong, G-undagai, Hay, Jugiong, Wagga-Wagga, Cowra, Young, and Forbes. The 
area is 22,800 squaremiles, and the population numbers 14,814 persons. The number 
of freehold landholders in this district is 182, and of leaseholders, 63. The extent of 
land in cultivation is 46694 acres. Under wheat thera are 2959 acres ; under maize, 
<384£ acres ; under barley, 394 acres ; under oats, 254 acres ; under tobacco, 2\ acres ; 
and under vine, 6 acres. Live stock : horses, 19,631 ; horned cattle, 104,873 ; sheep, 
210,277 ; and pigs, 2957. 

LACHLAN (Narrawa, or Colare) RIVER {Lachlan and Wellington districts) 
is a magnificent and important river, watering with its numerous tributaries an immense 
tract of excellent pastoral country, in the S. and central part of the coloDy. The W. 
•or lower part of the river flows through the portion of New South Wales known as 
the Riverine district, and the upper or E. part is within the settled districts. The 
Lachlan is a tributary of the Murrumbidgee, which river it joins in a flat country 
covered with vast swamps and reed beds, about 34° 25' S. lat., 144° 10' E. long., these 
swamps being the ones that stopped Oxley, who discovered the river, and traced it 
down to this point in his first exploring expedition. The Lachlan river rises by two 
heads, the Jerrawa and the Oolong creeks, in the Mandonen or Cullarin ranges, about 
12 miles S.W. of Gunning, in the Yass plains. In its course it flows through or 
separates the counties of King, Georgiana, Monteagle, Forbes, Bathurst, and Ash- 
burnham in the settled, and Gipps, Cunningham, Blaxland, Darling, Franklyn, 
Nicholson, Waradjery, and Waljeers in the unsettled districts. Upon it are situated 
the townships of Dalton, Cowra, Wangan, Forbes, Caradjery, Condobolin, Murrin, 
Boyago or Booligal, Tegorohoke, Oxley, and Towpruck, and the Lachlan gold field. 
The upper part of the river flows amidst rocky and precipitous country, thickly 
.scrubbed and timbered with heavy trees, and the lower through large flats of low 
well grassed land, with sandy and clayey plains, and wide expanses of myall scrub 
and salt bush. Toward the W. end are low level timbered plains, with occasional 
mountain ranges, and vasts swamps and flats liable to inundation. Very much of 
the country on both sides the river is worthless, but large tracts are richly grassed, 
and afford fine grazing ground for sheep and cattle. The Lachlan is fed by numerous 
tributary streams, the principal ones being the Belubula, Crookwell, Abercrombie, 
and Boorowa rivers; and the Jerrawa, Ooiong, Cullarin, Kildare, Blakeney's, Lampton, 
Grubben-Cullen, Old Man's, Mulgowrie, Glengarry, Bramah, Graham's, Sandy, Oakey, 
Miiburn, Spring, Hovell, Wangoola, Crowther, Kangarooby, Byrne's, Ooma, Goo- 
bang, Mitchell's, Kalingabungagay, Willandra, Billabong, Middle Billabong, and 
Gonowlia creeks. Cultivation on the banks of the Lachlan is very limited, the land 
being totally unsuited for it on account of the dry nature of the soil and the continu- 
ous droughts which occur, and which occasionally cause great losses of sheep and 
cattle, which, in the back runs, sometimes die by hundreds. Some of the Riverine 
squatters, however, amongst whom may be named Messrs. Brougham, Bennett, 



308 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



[Lac — Lag 



Broadribb and Neale, Desaillys, Ryan and Hammond, Kennedy, W. Brodribb, H. 
Glass, and some others, have taken up large tracts of back country on the N". of the 
river, and, at vast outlay, have succeeded in rendering it available for pasturage. 
This they have accomplished by damming up the creeks and digging wells, often of 
great depth. The Lachlan is about 700 miles in length, and drains an area of 
27,000 square miles. It flows through many plains, of wet loamy clay, between banks 
overhung by acacia pendula, gum, and she- oak, then through swamps and lagoons, 
occasionally merging at its lower end into immense marshes, dry in summer. To the 
S.W. of the river, and between it and the Murrumbidgee, is an immense flat plain of 
light red sand, studded with patches of grass and a few stunted cypress trees. It 
was on these plains that Oxley, within 23 miles of the Murrumbidgee, turned back 
on June 5th, 1817, despairing of finding water. Granite, trap rock, and pliocene 
tertiary. 

LACHLAN SWAMP and CITY WATER WORKS {Co. Cumberland) is a 
tract of marshy land, in the parish of Alexandria, and in the suburban municipality 
of Randwick. It lies to the S.E. of Sydney, 2 1 miles from the obelisk in Sydney, 
and to the S.E. of the Sydney common, and on the N. of the Randwick racecourse. 
The swamp is covered with thick grass, reeds, and scrub, and supplies the Botany 
water works with a large proportion of the fine pure water supplied to the city. 
There is an engine house and pump on the edge of the road from Sydney to Rand- 
wick which passes through the swamp. Sandstone and fluviatile deposit. 

LACR0ZA, VALE OF, {Co. Cumberland), is a deep hollow, lying on the E. side 
of the city of Sydney, between Darlinghurst and Paddington. The N". part of the 
valley borders the neAV South Head road at Rushcutter's bay, and has several small 
patches of good alluvial soil under cultivation as market gardens. Sandstone. 

LADY BAY ( (7o. Cumberland) is a small rocky bight in the side of the inner S. 
head of port Jackson, just round the point, and at the back of the lower lighthouse. 
Sandstone. 

LADY MACQUARIE'S CHAIR {Co. Cumberland). See Mrs. Macquarie's 
Point. 

LAIDLEY'S PONDS CREEK {Co. Menindee, Darling district) is a creek con- 
veying the overflow of the Darling river into the Gawadella lake, which it joins near 
the township of Menindee. This creek is often dry, although a number of good water- 
holes along its course afford water to the stock on the runs on its banks. The geolo- 
gical formation is pliocene tertiary, with alluvial deposit along the bed of the creek. 

LAGAN STATION ( Clarence district) ; occupier, Irving, Clarke ; area, 6380 
acres ; grazing capability, 300 head of cattle. Charges, £18 15s. 

LAGGAN, 34° 26' S. lat., 149° 33' E. long. {Co. Georrjiana), is a postal township 
in the electoral district of Argyle, and police district of Goulburn. It is situated on 
the Reedy creek, and on the main line of road from Goulburn to Bathurst, and 
Queensland via Tuena. It lies 30 miles N.N.W. from Goulburn, and 35 miles S.S.E. 
from Tuena. The mail arrives from Sydney and Goulburn but once a week, namely, 
on Sundays, returning on Tuesdays. The nearest village or township is Kiama, 54 
miles S.E., on the Crookwell river, and on the main road to Weeho, Fish river, 
Boorowa, Lambing flat, and Bland. Binda lies 12 miles S.W., on the road to Nob's 
creek, Quartz reef, Bigga, Coura, and the head of the Lachlan. Taralga is 18 miles 
due E. , on the line of road by Swallowtail to Berrima and Sydney, and to the Whom- 
beyan caves ; Nob's reef, 20 miles on the road to Kaugaloola and Tuena ; Bolong, 15 
miles N. , on the main road to Bathurst, via Abercrombie, Bolong river, Isabella, 
and Little river diggings; and Woodhousebee, 144 miles on the main road to Goulburn. 
Laggan is situated on the W. side of the main dividing range, 4 miles W. of the 
head of the Wollondilly river. In the township of Laggan are a steam flour mill 
(Marsden's), a tannery, and a blacksmith's and wheelwright's shop, all in full work. 
There is a good stone-built church in the township. The nearest telegraph station is 
at Goulburn. The hotels are the Sportsman's Arms (Stephenson's) and the Shamrock 
(O'Brien's). There is also 1, the Sir Colin Campbell, on the Laggan road. There are 
2 racecourses, a good cricket ground, and a pound in the township. The Burra-Burra 
lake, a fine sheet of water, lies a distance of 12 miles. It is a favourite spot with 
sportsmen, who often resort there to enjoy the excellent shooting it affords. The 
caves of Whombeyan lie about 25 miles distant, near the Burnaby creek ; they are 



Lag — Lak] 



great natural curiosities, and are often visited by tourists. The entrance to these 
caves lie in an amphitheatre surrounded by hills : it is 200 feet high, and somewhat 
resembles a Gothic window. The walls of the caves are of marble, interspersed with 
mica, numerous stalactites being suspended both from them and the roof. A creek 
.appears to have at one time run through the principal cave. There are numerous 
small chambers branching off into the mountain, some of them of considerable extent, 
but none have ever been thoroughly explored. There are also several extensive caves 
on the Abercrombie river. The district and country round is thickly grassed, well 
watered, heavily timbered, and excellently adapted for agricultural pursuits, which 
.are extensively "carried on. Gold mining, both alluvial and quartz, is followed in the 
neighbourhood, particularly to the W. There are several creeks, viz. , Reedy, Clif- 
ford's, and Crossing creeks, all in the immediate vicinity of the township. The pas- 
toral interest is well represented in the district, there being upwards of 100,000 sheep 
■depastured. Numerous herds of cattle are continally passing Laggan, eu ro ate to 
Queensland and Gippsland. It is calculated that upwards of 10,000 passed last 
season. Laggan has a post office, a court house, lock-up, police barracks, national 
school, and 4 stores. The communication with the neighbourixig places is by horse 
.and dray only ; that with Sydney, 480 miles N. E. , from Goulburn (the nearest tele- 
graph station), 32 miles, thence by coach to Picton, and thence by rail. The surround- 
ing country is for the most part mountainous, there being also some very extensive 
table lands. The geological formation is metamorphic and granitic, there being ex- 
cellent granite suitable for building purposes. Blue slate, quartz, sandstone, and 
ironstone found in large quantities. The population numbers about 300 persons, there 
being 80 dwellings in Laggan and the neighbourhood. 

LAGOON GULLY (Co. Sandon) is a valley in the course of the Sauinarez ponds, 
in which the waters expand into a lagoon in time of flood. Granite and alluvial 
deposit. 

LAGOONS (Co. Bathurst) is a post town, in the electoral district of West 
Macquarie, and police district of Batrmrst. It lies 10 miles 8. of the township of Bath- 
urst (the next telegraph station), with which place there is communication by 
coach. With Sydney, 132 miles W., the communication is by coach, via Bathurst, to 
Penrith, and thence by rail. Sandstone and schist. 

LAGUNA (Co. Northumberland) is a postal village in the electoral and police 
■districts of the Wollombi. It is situated on the Laguna creek, mount Warrawolong 
being about 12 miles E. The district is an agricultural and pastoral one, having no 
mills or manufactories. The nearest township is Wollombi, G miles distant N. E. , the 
.communication being by horse, dray, or private carriage. With Sydney, 128 miles 
S. E. , the communication is by horse, dray, or private conveyance to Maitland, 33 
miles N.E., thence by rail to Newcastle, and thence by daily steamer. There is 1 
hotel in Laguna, comfortable and well kept, it is called the Traveller's Rest irin 
-(Marriott's). The surrounding country is mountainous, the hills being intersected with 
valleys of rich alluvial land. The geological formation is carbonaceous and ferrugi- 
nous sandstone. Laguna is a newly formed village, it contains a church of England, a 
Denominational school, and a post office. The population is small, and chietiy engaged 
in agricultural pursuits. 

LAIDLEY'S PONDS ( Co. Menindee) is a chain of waterholes connected by a 
running stream in wet weather, and flowing into the Darling river at Perry. Pliocene 
tertiary. 

LAKE GEORGE RANGES (Co. A, -gyle). See George Lake Ranges. 

LAKE MACQUARIE ROAD (Co. Northumberland) is a postal village, suburban 
to the city of Newcastle, and within the city and municipal boundary. It is in the 
parish of St. John, and electoral district of Northumberland, and is situated on the road 
leading to lake Macquarie, 2 indes W.S.W. from the Newcastle post office, and to the 
W. of the Obelisk hill. There are 3 hotels in the village, the Old Oak, Miners' Arms, 
and Bricklayers' Arms, and the communication with Newcastle is by an omnibus, 
which generally runs to meet the trains. The population numbers about 500 persons, 
chiefly employed in coal mining pursuits. See also Newcastle. 

LAKES' PADDOCK (Co. Wellington) is a small alluvial diggings on the Burren- 
-dong gold fields. 

LAKE WAL JEERS STATION (Darling district); occupier, Peter, John ; area, 



310 The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Lal — Last 



4fi,0S0 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Booli- 
gal. Old charges, £32 10s. ; new appraisement, £250. 

LALATTE STATION (Murrumhidgee district) ; occupiers, Osborne, J. and H. • 
area, 14,720 acres ; grazing capability, 0000 sheep. Charges, £53. 

LAMBING GULLY CREEK (Co. Sandon) is a small S. tributary of the Sau- 
marez creek. Granite and slate. 

LAMB'S VALLEY CREEK (Co. Durham) is a small N. tributary of the Hunter 
river. Sandstone. 

LAMBTON {Co. Northumberland) is a postal township, in the parish of New- 
castle, electoral district of Northumberland, and police district of Newcastle. It is 
situated half a mile from the Dark creek, and 4 miles S.W. from the Hexham swamp. 
Lambton is a private township on the property of the South Australian Mining com- 
pany. It was opened for sale on July 17th, 1864, and has an area of 80 acres, with 
100 dwellings, and a population of 400 persons. The coal pits of the South Australian 
Mining company adjoin the township, and may be reckoned amongst the most com- 
plete collieries in New South Wales. They are fitted with 2 steam engines (both at 
work), and all other necessary appliances, the coal obtained from there standing first- 
class in the market. Half a mile distant is a steam saw mill in full work (Steel's). 
The entire district is a coal mining one, forming part of the great Newcastle 
coal field, 2^ miles N.E. is the Wallsend, and 2\ miles E. the Waratah colliery. 
At a distance ranging from 2 to 5 miles from Lambton several farms have 
been taken up, mostly by miners, free selectors under the new land, 
act, and they are, as a rule, in high state of cultivation. There is every probability of 
more land being taken up under similar circumstances, as the advantages offered under 
the act to the working classes become better known. The nearest places are 
Newcastle, 6 miles E. ; Wallsend, 24 N.E. ; Waratah, 2i miles E. There is a branch 
line of rail joining the Great Northern railway, leading from Lambton, by which the 
South Australian Coal Mining company transport their coal to Newcastle, and on it 
passengers are carried in the guard's van. With the other places there is no com- 
munication, except by horse or dray. With Sydney, 83^ miles, the communication is 
by daily steamer from Newcastle. There is a hospital at Newcastle, and a benefit 
society at Lambton, by which provision is made by miners in cases of sickness or acci- 
dent. There is also a lodge of Ancient Druids in the township. Lambton has 1 hotel* 
the Lambton Arms. The surrounding country is mountainous and well grassed and 
timbered, the geological formation being carbonaceous sandstone. The population 
numbers about 400 persons. During the year 1864 there was taken 59,497 tons of 
coal from the Lambton pits, being of the value of £29,973. 

LAMINC-ION STATION ( Warrego district) • occupier, Dickson, James ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

LAMPT0N CEEEK {Co. King) is a small drainage creek, flowing from the 
E. into the upper part of the Lachlan river. It is fed by the Biala creek. Metamor- 
phic slate. 

LANARK LODGE STATION {Clarence district) ; occupier, Robertson, William r 
area, 1 5, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 1200 head of cattle. Charges, £50. 

LANDELF POINT (Co. Northumberland). See Lake Macquarie. 

LANE COVE (Co. Cumberland) is a postal township in the parish of Gordon, 
electoral district of St. Leonards, and police district of Sydney. It is situated on the 
Lane cove river, and on the main road between Sydney and Gosford. The district 
is an agricultural one, the soil being admirably adapted for the growth of fruit and 
vegetables, and it is especially celebrated for its beautiful orangeries. The nearest 
township is that of St. Leonards (North shore), 6 miles S.E., and the village of Hornby, 
on the Gosford road, lies about 5 miles distant N. The communication with these 
places is by horse or dray only, or by private conveyance. With Sydney, 9 miles 
N.N.W. , the communication is by horse or dray to St. Leonards, and across the 
harbour by ferry boat, or to Hunter's hill, and thence by the Parramatta river 
steamer. There are 2 hotels in Lane cove — the Gardeners' Arms and the Travellers* 
Home. The roads are under the control of a local board. The surrounding country 
is elevated, and well timbered, and the soil is extremely fertile. The geological 
formation is chiefly ferruginous sandstone. There are 2 Denominational, a church 



Lax — Lar] 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



311 



of England, and a Eoman catholic school in the township. The population numbers 
about 300 persons, most of whom are engaged in farming and market gardening 
pursuits. 

LANE COVE RIVER (Co. Cumberland) is a N. branch of the Parramatta 
river, rising near Pennant hills, and flowing S.E. about 12 miles, through a well 
cultivated country, taken up, for the most part, by small settlers. The cultivation 
of the orange is particularly attended to in the district, although fruit of all kinds 
grows in abundance. It is fed by the Blue Gum, Swaine's, and Stringybark creeks. 
Sandstone. 

LANGBOYDE STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, CadeU, Thomas; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

LANGBOYDE BACK No. 1 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Anderson, 
Alexander A. ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£30 7s. 

LANGBOYDE BACK No. 2 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Cadell, 
Thomas ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 7s. 

LANG'S CROSSING PLACE {Co. Waradgery). See Hay. 

LANGSLAND STATION [Darling district) • occupiers, Lang, Thomas and G. ; 
area, 24,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 Is. 

LANG WELL STATION ( Clarence district) ; occupier, Greive, James ; area, 
14,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £42. 

LANGWORTHY'S (Co. Gloucester) is a small postal hamlet in the parish of 
Stroud, electoral district of the "Williams, and police district of p^rt Stephens. It is 
situated on the E. bank of the Karuah river, and about 3 miles W. of Johnson's 
creek. The district is chiefly an agricultural and pastoral one. There are some coal 
pits about 2 miles N. , sunk some years ago by the Australian Agricultural company, 
but abandoned by them on account of the expense attendant on the land carriage of 
the coal. The nearest places are, Gloucester, 20 miles N. ; Stroud, 10 miles S. 
(both on the great Northern road) ; and Dungog, 15 miles W. A mail car, running 
twice per week from Raymond terrace to Gloucester, passes through Langworthy's 
and Stroud. There is no conveyance to Dungog, although one would be a great 
public convenience. With Sydney, 131 miles S., the communication is by car to 
Raymond terrace, and thence by the Hunter river steamer. There is an accomodation 
house, but the nearest hotel is at Stroud. Langworthy's is not a proclaimed town- 
ship, but the accomodation house and post office for an agricultural district within a 
distance of about 4 miles round. It is situated on the great Northern road. The 
surrounding country is undulating, well grassed and timbered, and excellently adapted 
for agricultural pursuits. The geological formation is carbonaceous sandstone, with 
good veins of coal, and flinty shale, with pliocene deposit. The population of Lang- 
worthy's and the neighbourhood numbers about 200 persons. 

LANKEY'S, P. (or Duck Holes), STATION ( Wellington district) • occupier, 
Readford, John; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £51 
2s. 6d. 

LANKEY'S CREEK (Co. GouTburn) is a stream of fine water, rising in the high 
broken country to the E. of the Coocook range, and flowing S. E. into the Cappabella 
creek. The geological formation is principally mica schist and granite. 

LANSD0WNE RIVER ( Co. Macquarie) is a fine stream, flowing from the N.W. 
into the N. mouth of the Manning river, about 6 miles W. of the entrance, and to the 
E. of Jones' island. Sandstone and alluvial deposit. 

LANY0N ( Co. Murray) is a post office in the police and electoral districts of 
Queanbeyan. It is situated near the township of Queanbeyan, for the convenience of 
the residents of the district. 

LARBERT ( Co. St. Vincent) is a small agricultural township, lying on the road 
from Goulburn to Braidwood, about 14 miles N. of the latter place. It is situated 
at the junction of the Durran-Durran creek with the Shoalhaven river. Slate and trap 
rock. 

LARDNER MOUNT (Co. Clarence) is a peak in a range of low scrubby hills, 
lying in N.W. corner of the county. Carbonaceous sandstone. 



312 



[Lar — Lay 



LARGE CREEK {Co. Wynyard) is a small W. tributary of the Kiambla creek, 
flowing N.E. through flat pastoral lightly timbered country. Slate and schist. 

LARGE OAKEY CREEK STATION [Bligh district) ; occupier, Jones, B. A. ; 
estimated area, 38,400 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The old charges were 
£60 ; the recently appraised rental is £70. 

LARGS (or Dunmore) {Co. Durham) is a small postal village adjoining the Boh- 
warra estate, 4 miles N. from Maitland. It contains a small agricultural population, 
and has 2 hotels. The celebrated horse breeding station of Tocal (Reynold's) lies 
near the village. Sandstone. 

LARRY'S FLAT {Co. Gloucester) is a tract of good agricultural land taken 
up by numerous small settlers, and lying to the S. of the Manning river, a few miles 
S. W. of Tinonee. Alluvial deposit. 

LARVAS LAKE CREEK (Co. Wellington) is an E. tributary of the Bell 
river. Metamorphic slate. 

LAURA CREEK [Co. Hardlnge, New England district) is a small tributary of 
Smashem's creek, flowing through rugged auriferous country. Hornblendic granite. 

LAURA STATION {New England district) ; occupiers, Smith and Baker ; 
area, 3S,400 acres ; grazing capability, 1200 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£73 15s. ; the recently appraised rental is £162. 

LAVEITSTRUTH {Co. Fitzroy) is a small agricultural settlement on the Urara 
river, 10 miles from Grafton. 

LAVENDER BAY {Co. Cumberland). See Hulk Bay. 

LAWLER CREEK {Co. Gloucester) is a small rivulet at the head of the Karuah 
river. Sandstone and shale. 

LAWLER'S SPRING (Co. Buccleugh), small tributaries of the upper end of 
the Adjungbilli creek. There are 2 creeks of this name, one flowing from a spring in 
a hill to the N. of the main stream, and the other through Tunny's swamp from the S. 
Granite, trap rock, and slate. 

LAWRENCE, 29° 32' S. lat., 153° 4' E. long. {Co. Clarence), is a postal township 
in the parish of Lawrence, electoral district of the Clarence, and police district of 
Grafton. It is situated on the Clarence river, at a distance of 25 miles from the sea, 
at a place where the Sportsman's creek joins the Clarence river. The district is an 
agricultural and pastoral one, large quantities of maize being produced on the rich 
alluvial flats along the banks of the river, and exported to Sydney, Melbourne, and 
Brisbane. There are no gold workings within a considerable distance of Lawrence, 
the nearest being Pretty gully, 75 miles, Tooloom diggings, 90 miles, and Timbarra, 
100 miles distant, chiefly alluvial. The nearest places are Maclean, 9 miles N.E. ; 
Grafton, 20 miles S.S.W. ; Casino, 52 miles N. ; and Tabulam, 65 miles N.W; the 
nearest telegraph station being at Grafton. To Grafton and Maclean there is a 
steamer twice a week, and to the other places no communication except by horse or 
dray. "With Sydney, 464 miles S. , the communication is by steamer once per week. 
There are 2 hotels in Lawrence, the Lawrence and the Commercial, and 2 on the 
Tenterfield road, one at 10 and one at 12 miles distance. There are 2 wharves and 
stores in Lawrence, and chiefly for the reception of goods in transitu from Sydney to 
New England. The surrounding country is chiefly flat ; the geological formation is 
carbonaceous sandstone. The population, including that of the neighbouring settlers 
on the river flats, numbers about 500 persons. 

LAWSON'S CREEK {Co. Phillip) is a good stream, rising in the W. slope of 
Rumker's peak, near the Tongbong gap, and flowing W. through excellent land into 
the Cudgegong river, close to the township of Mudgee. It flows through the town- 
ship of Dungeree, and waters a large tract of agricultural land, cut up into small 
farms, in the parish of Louee, and through the property of Messrs. Hayes, Walker, 
and Roberts, near Bara creek. There are also numerous small farms at the lower end of 
the creek. It is fed by the Hawkins, Dungeree, Swamp, and Bara creeks. The geologi- 
cal formation is ferruginous sandstone at the upper, and metamorphic at the lower, 
end. 

LAY GREEN STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Dines, Richard ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 Is. 



Lay — Lew] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



313 



LAY GREEN, N., STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Simpson, John Mac- 
neil ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 10s. 

LAY GREEN, S., STATION {Gwydir dirtrict) ; occupier, Dines, Richard; area, 
19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £55. 

LEAMINGTON {Co: Hunter) is a small agricultural village, on the' Hunter river 
and on Jerry's plains, lying about 16 miles W. of Singleton. Sandstone. 

LEATHER JACKET CREEK ( Co. Selwyn) is a small tributary creek of the upper 
Murray, rising in mount Kosciusko, and flowing S.W. about 14 miles between two 
spurs of the mountain where it takes its rise. Its course is rugged and thickly 
scrubbed, and the geological formation of the country through which it flows is meta- 
morphic (mica, chlorite, and talc). This creek often overflows its banks from the 
melting of the snow in the ranges. 

LEICHHARDT {Co. Cumberland) is a surveyed village, in the parish of Peter- 
sham, and electoral district of Canterbury, lying on the W. side of White's Creek. 
.Sandstone. 

LEICHHARDT is a county, in the pastoral district of Bligh. It contains 69 
.acres of alienated land. Its present boundaries, however, are open to modification. 

LENNOX HEAD ( Co. Rous) is a promontory lying about 4 miles N. of Ballina, 
the mouth of the Richmond river. Sandstone. 

LERIDA CREEK {Co. King), a fine mountain stream, rising in the Cullarin 
range of hills, and flowing N. through fine grassy plains into the Cullarin creek, near 
the crossing of the Go alburn and Yass road. Metamorphic slate and limestone. 

LESLIE MOUNT {Co. B idler) is a prominent peak of the Macpherson's range, 
lying at the head of the Acacia creek, and on the boundary line between New South 
Wales and Queensland. Sandstone. 

LETHER0E STATION {Darling district ) ; occupier, Phelps and Lackey; area, 
-32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 2s. 6d. 

LETTE, LOWER, STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Ross, William ; area, 
61,440 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Euston. 
Charges, £30. 

LETTE, UPPER, STATION {Darling district) ; occupiers, Ross and McCullen ; 
Area, 61,440 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Balra- 
nald. Charges, £30. 

LEU WIN KLIP, E., STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Hogg, Edward James; 
area, 64,000 square acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

LEUWIN KLIP STATION {Albert district). ; occupier, Hogg, Edward James ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

LEWINSBR00K {Co. Durham) is a postal village in the parish of St. Mary's, 
electoral and police districts of the Paterson. It is situated on the Allyn river, the 
Pinnacle mountain (in the Paterson ranges), lying 7 miles distant. The district is an 
agricultural one, excellent pasturage for cattle being afforded on the slopes of the 
neighbouring ranges. The nearest places are Eccleston, 9 miles N. ; Gresford, 6 miles 
N. ; and Paterson, 8 miles S. ; to which places there are no public conveyances. With 
Sydney, 129 miles S.E., the communication is by mail cart or river steamer to Mor- 
peth, thence by rail to Newcastle, and thence by steamer. The nearest hotel is at 
Gresford. Lewinsbrook is under the control of a road board. The surrounding 
country is undulating, and hemmed in with rugged broken ranges, the ravines in which 
are often deep, and appear to have been caused by volcanic agency. The geological for- 
mation is sandstone, with the igneous rock protruding in many places. The population 
is small and scattered. 

LEWIN'S BROOK {Co. Durham) is an E. tributary of the Allyn river, falling 
into it about 4 miles E. of Gresford. Upper volcanic and shale. 

LEWIS MOUNT {Co. Bathurst) is a hill lying near the confluence of the Lach- 
lan and Belubula rivers, about 3 miles S.W. of Canowindra. Granite. 

LEWIS' PONDS CREEK {Co. Bathurst) is a rich auriferous stream, which ha« 



314 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



[Ley — Lim 



its rise in the mountainous country near Guyong, and flows in a general N. direction 
into the Macquarie river, about 5 miles S. of Tambaroora. Its course is through 
rough scrubby country, although there are occasional patches of land fit for cultiva- 
tion, mostly taken up for small farms. The townships of Guyong, Byng, and Ophir 
are situated on this stream, which is crossed at its upper end by the road from Ba- 
thurst to Orange and Wellington, and lower down by that from Bathurst to Tam- 
baroora. The principal gold field on this creek is that of Ophir. There are numerous 
tributary creeks, nearly all of which are auriferous, the principal are the Byng, Perrier's, 
Coolumbalo, Frederick's valley, Oakey, Pullin's, Belerada, Little Bald hill, and Black 
Spring creeks. The geological formation is upper and middle palaeozoic and meta- 
morphic, consisting of ferruginous sandstone, with schist and slate and quartz 
gravel. 

LEYCESTER'S CREEK ( Co. Rous) is a fine stream, tributary to the N. arm 
of the Richmond river, falling into its head on the W. side. It is fed by the Rosehill 
and Back creeks. Sandstone and shale. 

LIBERTY PLAINS {Co. Cumberland) is one of the original districts of the 
county. It is bounded on the N. side by the Sydney road leading to Parramatta ; on 
the W. side by a S. line passing to the Liverpool road ; on the S. side by the Liver- 
pool road and Cook's river to Johnstone's farm ; on the E. by Johnstone's, Lucas's, 
and Piper's farm to the head of the Iron Cove creek on the Liverpool road ; thence by 
that creek to the Parramatta road. The name is derived from its being the place 
where the first free settlers were located. 

LICXKTG-HOLE CREEK [Co. Bathurst) is a small E. tributary of the Lis- 
combe pools creek, flowing through good agricultural land, in the parish of 
Malongulli. The geological formation is lower palaeozoic, with thin croppings of 
tertiary on the older rocks. 

LIDDELL [Co. Durham) is an agricultural settlement, lying on the Saltwater 
river, 13 miles N. W. of Singleton. 

LIGHTHOUSE, SYDNEY {Co. Cumberland) is situated in lat. 33° 51' 40" S., 
long. 151° 16' 50" E. The tower, called the Macquarie tower, is admirably built, 
the height of the light (a revolving one) from the base being 76 feet, and above the 
sea 277 feet ; total, 353 feet. It is in the parish of Alexandria, and hundred of 
Sydney, on the point of land known as the South head of port Jackson. See also 
South Head. 

LIMEBURNERS' CREEK {Co. Durham) is a small creek flowing into the 
estuary of the Karuah river. Sandstone and limestone. 

LIMEBURNERS' CREEK {Co. Gloucester) is a postal station in the electoral 
district of the Williams, and police district of port Stephens. It is situated on the 
creek whence it derives its name, 16 miles N. of Raymond terrace, on the road to 
Stroud and Gloucester. It is the half-way resting place for travellers, and change 
of horses for the mail coach between Raymond terrace and Stroud, and consists only 
of 1 inn (the Travellers' Rest), also the post office, and the residences of a few settlers. 
The district is agricultural and pastoral, most of the land belonging to the Austra- 
lian Agricultural company, and being taken up on lease by small settlers. With 
Sydney, 112 miles S., the communication is by coach to Raymond terrace, and 
thence by steamer. The surrounding country is generally flat, and the lower parts 
argillaceous, the ridges and hills consisting of ferruginous sandstone. The popula- 
tion, many of whom are engaged in falling and sawing the valuable timber which 
abounds in the locality, numbers about 50 persons in a radius of a mile from the post 
office. 

LIMEBURNERS' CREEK {Co. Macquarie) is a small drainage creek, falling 
into the mouth of the Hastings river by a wide estuary, the mouth of which is nearly 
closed by sand. Sandstone and limestone, with alluvial drift. 

LIMEKILNS, 33° 7' S. lat., 149° 50' E. long. {Co. Roxburgh), is a postal 
mining village, in the parish of Jesse, electoral district of East Macquarie, and 
police district of Bathurst. It is situated on the Jesse creek, the Turon river being 
N., distant 14 miles, and Clear creek S.S.W., distant 6 miles. There are also 
several other unimportant creeks in the district, known as Diamond, Pender's, and 
Cheshire creeks, all of which are more or less auriferous. Limekilns is almost wholly 
surrounded by mountains, which have no specific names beyond the general appel- 



Lim — Lin] 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



315 



lation of the Limekilns range. The district is agricultural, pastoral, and alluvial 
mining, chiefly the latter. The nearest places are, Sofala, 14 miles N.W. ; Bathurst, 
17 miles S.W. ; Peel, 9 miles S.S.W. ; and Wattle flat, 9 miles N.N.W. There are 
no means of conveyance to any of these places, the mail being carried, and the usual 
style of travelling being on horseback. Drays are, however, continually passing 
through the village, en route for Sofala and Sydney, and other intermediate places. 
With Sydney, 140 miles E. S. E. , the communication is by Cobb and company's coach 
from Bathurst (the nearest telegraph station) to Penrith, and thence by rail. 
Limekilns has a post office and 1 hotel, the Rising Sun. The roads, which are in. 
great need of repair, are under the management of a local road board. The sur- 
rounding country is rough and mountainous, with much heavy timber on the ranges. 
The geological formation is chiefly granitic, with numerous quartz reefs cropping 
out in all directions, many of them auriferous, and large beds of good limestone ; 
there are also traces of coal in the sandstone on some parts of the ranges. The 
population numbers about 270 persons in the village and neighbourhood. 

LIMESTONE CEEEK {Co. Bathurst) is a S. tributary of the Belubula creek, 
flowing N. through good agricultural land. The geological formation is generally De- 
vonian, with alluvial deposit along the banks of the creek. 

LIMESTONE CREEK (Co. Buccleugh) is a W. tributary of the Goodradigbee 
river, flowing N.E. about 8 miles, and draining a portion of the rugged country in the 
S.E. of the county. The geological formation is limestone. 

LIMESTONE CREEK {Co. Harden) is a small W. tributary of the Derringellan 
creek, flowing S. E. about 4 miles, and falling into it near the crossing of the Yass and 
Gundagai road. 

Also a small N. tributary of the Murrumbidgee river, flowing to the S. W. in the 
plain lying to the S. of Bogolong. 

LIMESTONE CREEK {Co. Hardinge, New England district) is the S. head of 
Clarke's creek. Hornblendic granite. 

LIMESTONE PLAINS TOWNSHIP ( Co. Murray). See Canberra. 

LIMESTONE PLAINS {Co. Murray) is an extensive tract of fine undulating 
pastoral land, lying on the Molonglo and Queanbeyan rivers, the township of Queanbeyan 
being situated upon it. These plains are well grassed and watered, and afford splendid 
grazing for cattle. The geological formation is silurian with greyish steatite, with 
much iron pyrites, underlying limestone, also pyritous, and greenstone and dioritio 
trap, with crystals of a light colour decomposing mineral glossy felspar and quartz, 
and also clear whitish emeralds. Jaspery quartz and eisenkeisel occur in the lime- 
stone, and many fossils are found in the silurian formation. 

LIMESTONE PLAINS STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Palmer, 
George and John ; area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£30. 

LIMESTONE GULLIES and RANGES (Co. St. Vincent) is the name given to 
the rocky cliffs overhanging the Shoalhaven river, and the deep gullies spurring off at 
right angles from its course. The former are of limestone and igneous rock, and the 
latter, running for several miles, are traversed by bands of auriferous argillaceous iron 
ore. The limestone is grey and blue, and abounds in ca!careous spar, there being 
numerous cavernous places in the line of joints, one being of the depth of 685 feet. 
It contains many fossils, chiefly encrinital stems, Favosus Gothlandica, amplexas, and 
pentameri. 

LIMESTONE ROCKS [Co. Buccleugh) is a group of rugged rocky hills, lying 
on the W. bank of the Goodradigbee river, S. of the Goodradigbee reserve. Lime- 
stone. 

LIMESTONE VALLEY CREEK (Co. Ashbumham) is a small N. tributary of 
the Belubula river. Limestone. 

LINCHEDEN STATION ( Warrego district) • occupier, Dickson, James ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

LINCOLN is a county in the pastoral district of Bligh. It contains 12,249 
acres of alienated land, and 1,194,091 acres unalienated. Its present boundaries, how- 
ever, are open to modification. The chief town is Dubbo. 



316 The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Liisr — Lit 



LINDESAY MOUNT {Co. Courallk) is the highest peak of the Nundawar 
range. It attains an elevation of 3000 feet above the level of the sea, and consists of 
lofty, rugged, and inaccessible cliffs of red trap rock. 

LINDESAY STATION (Qwydir district) ; occupier, Rusden, F. T. ; area, 
39,680 acres ; grazing capability, 2080 head of cattle. The old charges were £130 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £125. 

LINDSAY <or Talgaiboon) MOUNT (Co. Rous) is the highest peak in the 
Macpherson's range. It lies on the boundary line between New South Wales and 
Queensland, and attains an altitude of 5700 feet above the level of the sea. The 
Richmond river has its rise in this mountain. Sandstone. 

LINDSAY STATION {New England district)-, occupier, Thomas, H. A. ; area, 
28,500 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. Old charges, £80 ; new appraisement, 
£112. 

LXORGONGAI (Co. Start). See Darlington. 

LISC0MBE POOLS CREEK (Co. Bathurst) is a S. tributary of the Belubula 
river, rising near the Carcoar and Canowindra road, about 16 miles E. of the latter 
place, and flowing N. through rough country, about 12 miles. It is fed by the 
Lickinghole creek. 

LISCOMBE'S CREEK {Co. Bathurst) is a small stream flowing into the head of 
the Princess Charlotte Vale creek, through good agricultural land, divided into small 
farms, in the parish of Galbraith. Sandstone, limestone, and clayey shale, with 
alluvial deposit. 

LISMORE, 28° 42' S. lat., 153° 20' E. long. (Co. JRous), is a postal township in 
the parish of Lismore, electoral district of the Clarence, and police district of Rich- 
mond. It is situated on the N. arm of the Richmond river, at the junction of the 
Leyeester and Wilson's creeks with that river. Terriana creek lies 6 miles, Coolmin- 
gar creek 9 miles, Cooper's creek, 9^ miles, and Hanging rock creek, 8^ miles N.W. ; 
Marian creek, 8 miles S.E. ; and Duck creek 20 miles, and Emigrant creek, 12 
miles N.E. The banks of all these creeks, and of the river, are composed of alluvial 
soil suitable for cultivation ; and, except where cleared, covered with scrub. The dis- 
trict is an agricultural and pastoral one, cedar cutting being, however, the principal 
industry of the inhabitants. The Twickenham saw mills are situated near, and the 
Wyharallah sawmills at Tuckii-Tuckii, on the Richmond river, 13 miles S. from the 
town. The nearest places are, Gundurimba, 4 miles S. ; Codrington, 10 miles S. ; 
Blackwall, 75 miles S.E. ; Casino, 18 miles W. ; and Ballina and Richmond river heads, 
85 miles E. by water, and 30 by land. There are no conveyances to these places, the 
communication being either by boat or on horseback. With Sydney, 521 miles, the 
communication is by horse to Grafton, 70 miles, and thence by steamer, or by road, 
via Armidale, or by sailing vessel direct from the Richmond river, the latter route 
.being 550 miles. The postal communication between Lismore and the neighbouring 
places is by horse, and in order to carry on that communication regularly, particularly 
between Ballina, Lismore, and Casino, a crossing at a place called the Fisheries is much 
needed, and certain portions of the road between Lismore and Ballina require logging, as 
in time of flood and inclement weather it is almost impossible to travel the road. The 
roads of the district are under the control of the superintendent of roads at Grafton 
certain moneys being voted by the Government for keeping them in repair. Lismore 
has a post office, a court house and a lockup, and a national school. There is an hotel, 
the Horse Shoe. The surrounding country is low, except at the head of the water- 
shed, where it is mountainous and scrubby. The geological formation is principally 
ferruginous sandstone. The population is small and scattered. 

LISMORE STATION {Clarence district) ; occupiers, Morehead and Young ; 
area, 48,000 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 head of cattle, The nearest post toAvn 
is Lismore. Charges, £187 10s. 

LITTLE BALD HILL CREEK {Co. Bathurst) is a small auriferous E. tribu- 
tary of the lower part of the Lewis's Ponds creek. Metamorphic slate. 

LITTLE BILLABUNGf CREEK (Co. Goidburn) is a small tributary of the 
head of the Billabung creek, rising in Main's range, and flowing S.W. about 8 miles 
through rugged scrubby country. There is a reserve of 50 acres, occupied by H. 
Adams, on this creek. The geological formation is mica schist. 



Lit] 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



317 



LITTLE BILLABONG STATION (Murrumbidgee district); occupiers, Day 
and Hore ; estimated area, 17,280 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old 
charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £35. 

LITTLE BROADWATER SWAMP (Co. Clarence). See Everlasting Swamp. 

LITTLE BUMBLE CREEK {Co. Jamison, Liverpool plains district) is a small 
tributary of the Ghean creek. Granite, with alluvial deposit. 

LITTLE CREEK {Co. Fitzroy) is a small E. tributary of the Don Dorrigo 
river. Sandstone. 

LITTLE HARTLEY (Co. Cook). See Hartley Little. 

LITTLE JACK'S CREEK {Co. Buchland), a small tributary of Jack's creek, 
rising to the W. of mount Towarri, and flowing N. Upper and middle palaeozoic. 

LITTLE LAGOON ( Co. Sandon) is a small sheet of water, about 10 miles S. of 
the township of Falconer, on the main road between Armidale and that place. It is 
haunted by large numbers of wild fowl, which afford good shooting. It lies in the 
parish of Exmouth. Granite and quartziferous slate. 

LITTLE MANLY COVE {Co. Cumberland). See Spring Cove. 

LITTLE OAKY (Co. Roxburgh) is a small auriferous stream, rising in the 
Wattle flat gold field, and flowing 1ST. along a rugged valley into the Turon river, 
about half a mile E. of the township of Sofala. The geological formation is sand- 
stone, limestone, and slate, with occasional outcropping quartz ridges. 

LITTLE PITT WATER {Co. Cumberland) is a small indentation into the land, 
on the S. side of Broken bay, lying between Pittwater and the S. W. arms. Sandstone, 

LITTLE PLAIN {Co. Wellesley) is a tract of bold undulating country, lying in 
the S. of the county, and near the dividing line between New South Wales and Vic- 
toria. It consists of tolerable pastoral country, thickly timbered to the S., and sur- 
rounded by ranges running in peaks, and is watered by the Little plain river. The 
road from Gipps land, via the Delegete river, crosses the plain. Gold has been found 
in small quantities to the S. , and is worked chiefly by Chinamen. Little plain lies- 
about 12 miles S.S.W. of Bombala, and 1 mile from the village of Delegete. The 
geological formation is granite, trap rock, and slate. 

LITTLE PLAIN ( Co. Wynyard) is a tract of flat auriferous country, forming 
part of the Adelong gold fields, and lying about 6 miles to the N. W. of the township 
of Adelong. The Adelong creek and Bunabuckbuck swamp bound it on the E. side. 
Micaceous schists and granite. 

LITTLE PLAIN (or Bendoc) RIVER {Co. _ Wellesley) is a tributary of the 
Delegete river, rising in the Delegete range (Victoria), and flowing N. over the boun- 
dary line near the W. road from Bombala to Gipps' land. This stream flows through, 
the diggings known as the Little plain, and to the E. of the Delegete plain. Granite, 
trap rock, and quartz -bearing slate. 

LITTLE PLAIN STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Nicholson, John, jun. ; 
area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 7000 sheep. Charges, £152 10s. 

LITTLE RIVER (Co. Gordon) is a S. tributary of the Macquarie river, rising, 
in Hervey's range, and flowing in a general N.E. direction past Bushranger's hill, and 
through the township of Obley. It is fed by the Dilgar, Rocky ponds, Hervey range,, 
and Buckinbar creeks. Granite, metamorphic slate, and. limestone. 

LITTLE RIVER {Co. Georgiana). See Retreat River. 

LITTLE RIVER (Co. St. Vincent). See Mongarlow River. 

LITTLE RIVER STATION {Clarence district); occupier, Lee, Benjamin, jun.;. 
area, 30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £25. 

LITTLE RIVER STATION {Wellington district); occupier, Josephson, J. F. ; 
area, 19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. The nearest post town is Obley. 
The old charges were £50 ; the recently appraisecLrental is £125. 

LITTLE SPRING CREEK (Co. Monteagle) is a small auriferous tributary of 
the head of the Burrangong Creek, falling into it at the township of Young. Lower 
paleeozoic, with recent surface drift. 



318 



The Xew South Wales Gazetteer. 



[Lit — Liv 



LITTLE SWAMP, THE, STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Jen- 
kins, Francis ; area, 18,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £33 Is. 

LITTLE TINDERY STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Ryan, James ; 
area, 12,S00 acres ; grazing capability, 300 head of cattle. Charges, £28. 

LITTLETON (Co. Roxburgh) is a postal mining village, in the electoral district of 
East Macquarie, and police district of Bathurst. It is situated on the Antonio creek, 
a few miles from the Winburndale rivulet. The district is a mining one — quartz and 
alluvial — and there are 3 quartz- crushing mills in the village. The nearest diggings 
are the Napoleon reef (quartz) and the newly-found and promising Glanmire diggings 
(alluvial), which latter are distant 3 miles. The nearest places are Frying-pan, 5 miles ; 
Glanmire, 3 miles ; Kelso, 10 miles ; and Bathurst (the next telegraph station), 8 miles. 
"With these places there is communication by horse or dray only ; and with Sydney, 112 
miles, by coach from Frying-pan to Penrith, and thence by rail. There are 2 hotels 
in Littleton, the Napoleon (Bacingalupo's) and the Sir John Young (Carrinan's). The 
surrounding country is mountainous. The geological formation is generally granitic, 
with much metamorphic slate. The population numbers about 150 persons. 

LITTLE WALLABY ( Co. Wellington) is a gold workings, lying within 3 miles 
of the township of Sofala, and forming part of the Turon diggings. The population is 
included in that of Sofala. Granite and slaty shale. 

LIVERPOOL, 33° 54' S. lat., 150° 58' E. long. (Go. Cumberland), is a postal 
boroiigh town, in the parish of Liverpool, electoral district of Central Cumberland, and 
police district of Liverpool. It is situated on the George's river, and on the main road 
to the S. districts, 20 miles S.W. of Sydney. The district is an agricultural and pas- 
toral one, principally the former, the chief industry being dairy farming. At Liver- 
pool, and situated on the river, are extensive wool-washing, slaughtering and boiling- 
down establishment (Atkinson's), and apapermill (the Australian Paper company's). The 
nearest places are Parramatta, 9milesN.W. ; Campbelltown, 13 miles S.E.; Smithfield, 
5 miles N. W. ; and Bankstown, 7 miles N. With the two first places there is communi- 
cation by rail, and with the two latter by horse or dray only. With Sydney, 20 miles 
N.E., there is communication by rail. Liverpool has a post office, a court house, a 
telegraph station, a railway station (on the Great Southern line), several stores, and 
several good hotels, the principal ones being the Liverpool, Railway, and Coach and Horses. 
There is a benevolent asylum, subsidised by government, and having 320 inmates in 
the township, and a theological institution (called Moore college) in connection with 
the church of England, having at present 12 resident students, and the president 
being the Rev. W. Hodgson, M.A. There is a branch of the New South Wales Bible 
society, and branches of the Sydney, and Liverpool and London and Globe insurance 
companies. The surrounding country is level and lightly grassed and scrubby, the 
geological formation being of the Sydney sandstone character. The population 
numbers about 600 persons. 

Liverpool police district embraces a central portion of the county of Cumberland, 
and is bounded on the N. by the Liverpool road, from Moore's bridge at Cook's river, 
W., to Lansdowne bridge at Prospect creek, thence by that creek, upward, 
to the S. boundary of the parish of Prospect, and by that boundary W.; 
on the W. by the W. boundary of the parish of Saint Luke, S., to 
the junction of the Orphan School road with the Old Cowpasture road, 
by the former road, W., to South creek, by South creek, upward, to the Bringelly 
road, by that road, E., to the Cowpasture road at Carne's hill, and by that road, S., 
to the cross road at the S.W. corner of the parish of Minto ; on the S. by that cross 
road to the Campbelltown road, and by the S. boundary of the parish of Minto to 
George's river, thence by a Hue, E. , crossing Deadnian's creek, to the N. boundary of 
John Lucas' grant on Moronora creek, and thence by a line S. E. , to the sea at Wat- 
tamolla ; and on the E. by the sea, Botany bay, and George's river, to Salt-pan creek, 
and by the W. boundaries of the parishes of Saint George and Concord, to Moore's 
bridge, aforesaid. The place of petty sessions is Liverpool. 

LIVER-POOL (Co. Cumberland) is an incorporated district, containing an area 
of 103,980 acres of ground, and its boundaries are the same as the police district of 
Liverpool. 

LIVERPOOL {Co. Cumberland) a hundred, comprising the parishes of Banks- 
town, St. Luke, Minto, and Holworthy. 



Liv — Lla] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 319 



LIVERPOOL PLAINS, (native name Corborx Comleroy) is the name of a pas- 
toral district in the N.E. part of the colony, containing 10,000,000 acres, or 16,901 
square miles of land. It was named by Air. Oxley, the discoverer (20th August, 1818), 
after Lord Liverpool, and is supposed to have been, at one time, the bed of an immense 
land lake, with hills and ridges rising like islands, chiefly sandstone or basalt. The 
Australian Agricultural company possess in fee-simple 562,898 acres of land in the 
district. Intersecting the plains are low wooded hills, timbered with acacia, apple - 
-tree, boxwood, and gum. The chief towns are Murrurrundi, Narrabri, Nundle, Tam- 
worth, Wee-Waa, Breeza, Gulligal, Walgett, and Bendemeer. The mean elevation is 
•921 feet above sea level. The population is 6305 persons. The number of freehold 
landholders in this district is 259 ; and of leaseholders, 38. The extent of land in 
cultivation is 2663i acres ; under wheat there are 1545^ acres ; under maize, 578^ 
Acres ; under barley, 12 acres ; under oats, 83 acres ; under tobacco, 2\ acres ; and 
under vine, 9 acres. Live stock : 10,670 horses, 137,778 horned cattle, 644,190 sheep, 
and 2455 pigs. 

Liverpool plains electoral district embraces the E. portion of the pastoral district 
of Liverpool plains ; bounded on the N. by part of the N. boundary of the pastoral 
district of Liverpool plains, being the Nundewar range, which divides the waters of 
the Namoi river from those of the Gwydir river ; on the W. by a line S. W. from that 
range passing between the heads of Goor and Maule's creeks, to the Namoi river, 
about 2 miles above Dr. Milner's house at the Broadwater, and thence by a line S., 
passing between the heads of Brigalow and Turrabeile creeks, to the Warrabangle 
range ; on the S. by that range and the Liverpool range, E. , to the E. boundary of 
the pastoral district of Liverpool plains ; and on the E. by that boundary, being the 
W. extreme of the table land of New England, to the Nandewar range, dividing the 
waters of the Namoi and Gwydir rivers, aforesaid. This electorate comprises the 
•districts of Tamworth and Murrurrundi, and returns 1 member to the Legislative 
Assembly, the present representative being J. C. Lloyd, Esq. The number of regis- 
tered electors in this district is 1660. 

LIVERPOOL RANGE is a portion of the main dividing range, and was named 
after Lord Liverpool by Mr. Oxley, the explorer. It commences at the termination 
of the New England range, and runs in a general W. , though circuitous, course for 
about 150 miles, separating the valley of the Hunter from Liverpool plains, and con- 
necting the two table lands. It consists of a chain of rugged mountains, rising into 
lofty detached peaks, varying in height from 3000 to 4000 feet, and sometimes attain- 
ing an elevation of 5000 feet, the highest, perhaps, being mount Mooan or 
mount Arthur. The most remarkable summit in the range is the burning mountain, 
mount Wingen, 1820 feet high. This is not a volcano, the burning, it is generally 
supposed, being caused by the ignition of coal beds some depth below the surface. 
This range may be crossed by numerous passes, the principal of which are Pandora's 
^pass, on the W., and the Gap at Murrurundi, on the E. The latter is 2314 feet above 
the sea. Many considerable rivers take their rise in this range, the lateral spurs from 
which running N. and S. form subsidiary watersheds. The principal of the branch 
ranges are Peel, mount Royal, and Warrumbungle ranges. The principal peaks in the 
Liverpool range are Mooan, Oxley's peak, Terell, Towarra, Tinagroo, Tend, Murulla, 
and Hanging rock. This range is rugged, and in many places inaccessible, consisting 
of lofty precipices and deep gullies. It is heavily timbered in parts, and in others 
almost bare of vegetation. The general formation is of ferruginous and carboniferous 
sandstone, with granite, quartz, and metamorphic slate. 

LIVING-STONE {Co. Camden) is a small village at Little forest, situated at the 
junction of the Berrima and Mittagong roads. Sandstone. 

LIVINGSTONE is a county in the pastoral district of Darling. Its present 
boundaries are open to modification. 

LLANG0THLEN MOUNT {Co. Sandon) is a small peak in the main dividing 
range, lying on the Great Northern road, between Falconer and Stonehenge. Trap rock. 

LLANG0THLEN, E. and W., STATION {New England district); occupiers, 
Bagot, C. T., and Clibbon, J.; area, 51,850 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 head of 
cattle. Charges, £251 4s. 

LLANILL0 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Hamilton, H. S. ; area, 
-41,600 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £28 15s. 



The New South W ales Gazetteer. [Lob — Lon 



LOB'S HOLE (Co. Buccleugh) is a deep valley near the crossing of the road from 
Kiandra to Tumberumba, over the Tumut river. It lies about 16 miles N.W. of the 
former place. Trap rock and metamorphic slate. Ores of copper abound, and sul- 
phurets and carbonates of that metal, promising a profitable field of labour and 
enterprise. 

LOCHINVAR, 32° 44' S. lat., 151° 28' E. long. (Co. Northumberland), is a pos- 
tal village and railway station, in the parish of Gosford, electoral district of the 
Hunter, and police district of Maitland. It is situated on the Hunter river, and on 
the Great Northern road. The district is both pastoral and agricultural, principally 
the latter, maize, barley, oats, potatoes, and other farm produce being grown in large 
quantities. The locality is also noted for its fine vineyards, one of which, the Kalu- 
dah vineyard (J. E. Doyle's) produces the wine of that name, which has attained a 
celebrity as being one of the finest colonial wines manufactured. There is a very 
large bone mill at Windermere, half a mile distant. The nearest villages are Luskin- 
tyre, Windermere, Knockfen, about half a mile ; and Oswald, a mile, from Lochhwar, 
which is the postal station for the whole of them. Branxton lies 6 miles W. - 
West Maitland, 7 miles S.E. ; and Singleton, 14 miles N.W. Lockinvar is a railway sta- 
tion on the Great Northern railway, the station being within half a mile of the centre 
of the village, a mail cart conveying the mail and passengers to the station, whence 
there is communication by railway with Branxton, Singleton, Maitland, and all other 
places on the line. With Sydney, 99 miles S. S. E. , the communication is by rail to 
Newcastle, and thence by steamer. Lochinvar has a post office and 2 hotels, the Bed 
Lion and the Help Me Through the World. The surrounding country is undulating, richly 
grassed, and finely timbered. The geological formation is generally carbonaceous and 
ferruginous sandstone. The population of the district numbers 457 persons, including 
the adjacent villages of Luskintyre, Oswald, Windemere, and Knockfen. 

LOCKYEK MOUNT (Co. Northumberland) is a high peak, in the parish of 
Lockyer, and on the W. side of the road from Maitland to Sydney via. Wollombi, of 
which place it lies about 16 miles S., at a place called Simpson's pass. The mountains 
in the neighbourhood are usually known as Dowling's range. Sandstone. 

LOFTY MOUNT [Co. Fitzroy) is a high peak of the Macleay range, lying, on 
the S. bank of the Nymboi river, and to the W. of Nymboida. Sandstone. 

LOG BRIDGE CBEEK {Co. Buccleugh) is a small E. tributary of the Tumut 
river, rising in mount Blowering, and flowing W. through rugged country, about 4 
miles. 

LONDON BBIDGE (Co. Murray) is a small agricultural hamlet. Is situated 
23 miles from Queanbeyan. Metamorphic slate and limestone. 

LONG-BOTTOM ( Co. Cumberland) is a small village, in the parish of Concord, 
and adjoining Burwood, which see. 

LONG BAY {Co. Cumberland) is a W. arm of Middle harbour, running about a 
mile and a cpiarter in a S.W. direction into the land (St. Leonard's). At the head of 
this bay is a fine cataract known as the Willoughby waterfall, the waters of a small 
creek falling over the face of a precipice to a great depth. Sandstone. 

Also an opening in the cliffs on the coast, a little distance N. of the N. head of 
Botany bay. Sandstone. 

LONG BUNBEBI (Co. Cowley) is a lofty peak in the rugged Murrumbidgee 
range, lying between the Cotter and Goodradigbee rivers. Trap rock and limestone. 

LONG COVE (Co. Cumberland) is, as its name imports, a long S. arm of the 
Parramatta river, receiving the waters of the Iron and Long cove creeks. It has- 
several small bays, the principal being Sisters and Half -Moon bays, and Iron cove. 
There is a small rocky islet, called Bourke island, about the middle of the cove, a 
favourite place for picnic and oystering parties, and a group of small rocks, awash at 
low tide, called the Sisters rocks, on the E. side. This cove lies between Balmain and 
Five Dock, there being communication between the two by means of a punt. Sand- 
stone. 

LONG COVE CBEEK (Co. Cumberland) is a small stream rising near the village 
of Canterbury, and flowing N. into the head of Long cove. It crosses the Parramatta 
road at Petersham. Sandstone. 

LONG CREEK ( Co. Phillip) is a postal mining township in the electoral and 



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police districts of Mudgee. It is situated on the Long creek, and near the Meroo river 
on the Louisa creek gold field, and is in an alluvial and quartz mining district, chiefly 
the former. There is both quartz- crushing and puddling machinery at Long creek. 
The nearest places are Pyramul, Clarke's creek, Campbell's creek, and Windeyer, all 
diggings within 7 miles distance. The communication is by horse, dray, or spring 
cart, and with Sydney 180 miles S.E., by mail spring cart to Mudgee, thence by Cobb's 
coach to Penrith, and thence by rail. The nearest telegraph station is Mudgee, the 
principal town in the district. The hotels at Long creek are the Maitland inn, Otago 
notel, Gold Nugget inn, Good Woman, Australian Arms, and Diggers' Arms. The 
surrounding country is hilly, having every indication of being of auriferous formation. 
The population numbers about 400 on Long creek, and, including the surrounding 
district, of about 1260 persons. 

LONG- CREEK {Co. Wellington). See Burr aba Creek. 

LONG - FLAT {Co. Wynyard) is a tract of fine flat pastoral country, extending 
for many miles along both banks of the Gilmore creek, and forming part of the Gilmore 
gold fields. Metamorphic slate and granite. 

LONG FLAT STATION {Macleay district) ; occupier, Smith, William ; area, 
17,286 acres ; grazing capability, 950 head of cattle. Charges, £15. 

LONGFORD STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Gibson, G. L. ; area, 
38,400 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 head of cattle. The old charges were £96 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £196. 

LONG ISLAND {Co. Westmoreland) is a sandy islet at the mouth of the 
Hawkesbury river. 

LONG - NOSE CREEK {Co. Georgiana) is a small stream rising near the crossing 
of the roads from Tuena to Goulburn, and from Bolong to Binda, and flowing N. E. 
into Phil's river. Slate and limestone. 

LONG NOSE POINT (native name Yerroulbine) ( Co. Cumberland) is a lofty 
projecting promontory on the S. side of port Jackson, the waters of which to the W. 
of this point are known as the Parramatta river. It lies in Balmain, to the W. of 
Snail's bay, and about If mile in a straight line N.W. from the post office, Sydney. 
There are good quarries of sandstone at this point, the stone being used for building 
purposes, and the rubble generally as ballast. 

LONG PLAIN ( Co. Buccleugli) is a swampy flat, running along the W. bank of 
the head of the Murrumbidgee river, and subject to heavy falls of snow at all seasons. 
Metamorphic slate and granite, with alluvial drift. 

LONG PLAIN STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Russell, Mary ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, uncertain. Charges, £13. 

LONG POINT STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Eales, John ; area, 
44,800 acres ; grazing capability, 9000 sheep. The old charges were £90 ; the recently 
appraised rental is £120. 

LONG POINT STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Osborne, Benjamin 
M. ; area, 3500 acres ; grazing capability, 150 head of cattle. Charges, £22 10s. 

LONG REACH {Co. Argyle) is a postal hamlet in the electoral district of Argyle, 
and police district of Goulburn. It is situated on the S. side of the Wollondilly river, 
the Gibraltar mountain lying 3 miles to the N.W. There are no mills or manufacto- 
ries nearer than Goulburn, the district being both an agricultural and pastoral one. 
The nearest town is Marulan, distant 9 miles S., with which place there is only com- 
munication by horse or dray. With Sydney, 180 miles N.E., the communication is 
by Cobb's coach from Marulan, via Berrima, to Picton, and thence by rail. The 
Great Southern railway line, when completed to Marulan, will be within 5 miles of 
Long reach. The nearest hospital is at Goulburn, and the next telegraph station at 
Bathurst. There are no hotels nearer than Marulan. The S. side of the Wollondilly 
river is low and thickly wooded with stringy bark, gum, and forest oak. The geo- 
logical formation is limestone and slate, and about a quarter of a mile E. from the 
post office is a reserve of limestone of such excellent quality as to resemble the finest 
marble when polished. The population numbers about 300 persons, with 100 dwell- 
ings on the S. and W. sides of the river, 
w 



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LONG REEF (Co. Cumberland) is a dangerous reef of rocks, awash at high tide, 
running out from the coast at Long point, 5 miles N. of port Jackson entrance. It 
runs out about three-quarters of a mile from the land. Sandstone. 

LONG SWAMP {Co. Georgiana) is a postal mining village, in the parish of Co- 
rowa, electoral and police districts of Carcoar. It is situated on the Grove (or Bur- 
rangylong) creek, about 18 miles from the Abercrombie river, and is surrounded by 
the Grove, Corowa, and Buck's creeks. The district is agricultural and mining, Grove 
creek andTrunkey creek, 8 miles distant, being proclaimed gold fields. The mining is 
alluvial, the average depth of the sinking being 8 feet. Quartz reefs have been found 
in the neighbourhood, but none have, as yet, been worked. The nearest townships are 
Carcoar, 20 miles N.W. ; Bathurst, 36 miles N. E. ; and Hockley, 12 miles E.N.E. Acoach 
runs once a week to and from Bathurst. With Sydney, 149 miles E., the communi- 
cation is by coach, via Bathurst, to Penrith, and thence by rail. There is a commo- 
dious stone National school in the village, established in 1862. There are 2 hotels, 
the All England Arms and the Victoria. The surrounding country is elevated, 
with fine timbered ridges ; the table lands consisting chiefly of granite, and other 
primary rocks. In some parts of the surrounding Mils limestone is to be obtained. 
The population numbers about 200 persons. 

LONG SWAMP CREEK {Co. Westmoreland) is a tributary of Cox's river. Sand- 
stone, with alluvial and fluviatile deposit. 

LONG WATERHOLE {Co. Wynyard). See Bun abuckbtjck Swamp. 

L00CALLE STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Chadwick, Nicholas ; area, 
30,720 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Balranald. 
Charges, £30 8s. 

L00MBAH STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Callaghan, James ; 
area, 10,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£40 ; the recently appraised rental is £40. 

L00NDY STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Lord, G. W. ; area, 32,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

LORD'S HILL {Co. Wellesley) is a peak of a N. spur of the S. coast range, 
lying about 4 miles S.W. of the township of Bombala, in rugged pastoral country. 
Metam orphic slate. 

LORIMER CREEK {Co. Bligh) is a small tributary of the head of the Krui 
river, rising in the Liverpool range. Sandstone and shales. 

L0ST0CK {Co. Durham) is a postal village in the parish and electoral and police 
districts of the Paterson. It is situated on the Paterson river, about 9 miles from Gres- 
f ord, in an agricultural, dairy, and pastoral district, abounding in small creeks, and low 
grassy and well wooded hills. Gresf ord lies 9 miles S. , and Eccleston about the same 
distance N. N. E. There is no communication except by horse or dray, the mail being 
carried on horseback. With Sydney the communication is to Paterson, 25 miles S. , 
"by horse, thence by coach to E. Maitland, thence by rail to Newcastle, and thence by 
steamer. The nearest hotel is at Gresford. The village is under the control of a road, 
board and the magisterial bench of Paterson. The surrounding country is undulating 
and richly grassed. Along the banks of the creeks are fine alluvial flats, which are 
taken up in farms by numerous settlers, the chief produce being maize, oats, barley, 
and potatoes. Butter, cheese, bacon, &c. , are also produced in large quantities in the 
locality. The geological formation is chiefly carbonaceous and ferruginous sandstone, 
and the population is scattered over a wide district. 

LOST RIVER, {Co. King) is a small stream, rising in the W. slope of the Aus- 
tralian Alps, a few miles S. of Crookwell township, and flowing W. about 10 miles 
into the Weeho creek, through the N.E. portion of the Yass plains. Limestone and 

LOUISA {or Tannam) CREEK (Co. Wellington) is an auriferous creek, rising 
in the N.W. of the upper Waurdong range, and flowing through the Louisa creek 
diggings into the Meroo creek, near Maitland bar. It is fed by the Marombili or 
Stockyard creek, and lies to the N.E. of the rugged lofty country known as the 
Table land in the district. The geological formation is metamorphic. 

LOUISA CREEK GOLD FIELDS (Co. Wellington) is the name of an extensive 



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tract of auriferous country, lying on the Louisa creek and its tributaries. The chief 
town is Hargra ves . The quantity of gold received by escort from the Louisa creek 
gold fields during the year 1864 was 8167 ozs., which, at £3 17s. lid. per oz., was of 
the total value of £31,826 7s. 9d. During the year 1864 were issued 1947 miners' 
rights, 70 business licences, and 6 leases, under which latter 1600 yards of quartz 
vein were let. Metamorphic quartz-bearing slate and trap rock. 

LOVE'S CREEK ( Co. Selwyn) is a tributary of the Tumbarumba creek, rising 
in the low ranges to the N. of mount Aitken, and flowing S. E. for about 20 miles 
through a rugged pastoral country into the main stream near the crossing place of the 
Albury and Snowy river road. Trap rock. 

LOWER BERINGERAMBILL STATION {Lachlan district); occupier, 
Lord, G-. W. j area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1500 head of cattle. Charges, 
£30. 

LOWER CANN0NBAR STATION" ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Brown, 
John ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £30 14s. 8d. ; the recently appraised rental is £70. 

LOWER GERANHER STATION (Bligh district) ; occupiers, Cornish and 
Cruikskank; area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£40. 

LOWER GRAWHEY STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Cope, Joseph; 
area, 19,000 acres ; grazing capability, 400 sheep. The old charges were £61 17s. 6d. ; 
the recently appraised rental is £80. 

LOWER TUR0N {Co. Wellington). See Turon, Lower. 

LOWER PORTLAND {Cos. Cumberland and Cook) is the name of an agricul- 
tural district, having a post office, and extending some miles along both sides of the 
Hawkesbury river, in the parish of Cornelia, electoral district of the Hawkesbury, 
and police district of Windsor. The post office is situated on the right bank of 
the river, about 53 miles N. W. by N. from Sydney. The Colo and Capertee rivers, 
and Willinganby creek, are in the neighbourhood. The nearest place is Wilberforce, 
about 15 miles S. ; and Windsor, 19 miles, with which places there is communication 
by horse or dray only. With Sydney, 53 miles S. E. , the communication is by rail 
from Windsor, the nearest telegraph station. There are no hotels nearer than at Wil- 
berforce. Lower Portland is under the control of a road board. The surrounding 
country is flat, with occasional hills, much broken. The geological formation is 
sandstone. The population, which is scattered over the numerous rich agricultural 
farms in the locality, numbers about 300 persons. 

L0WRY MOUNT ( Co. Darling) is a lofty solitary lull, lying on the W. side of 
the road from Bendemeer to Inverell, about 36 miles N. of the former place. It is the 
source of numerous streams, the principal of which are the Stonybatter, Baker's, 
Cameron's, and mount Lowry creeks. Schistose. 

LOW'S SWAMP {Co. Westmoreland), a broad and very difficult morass, 102 miles 
from Sydney ; it is also called Sidemouth valley, which see. 

L0WTHER CREEK (Co. Westmoreland) is a tributary of Cox's river. Sand- 
stone and shales. 

LUCABOO STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Ramsay, David ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

LUCKN0W {Co. Bathurst) is a roadside mining village on the main road from 
Bathurst to Orange, lying about 7 miles W. of Guyong. The Lucknow or Wentworth. 
diggings are on private land, on the side of the hills rising from Frederick's valley. 
' There are 22 claims on these diggings, the washstuff being crushed by a crushing mill, 
the Phoenix, in the village. The gold found on these workings is intimately blended 
with ironstone. Slate, sandstone, and shales. 

LUCKY SWAMP {Co. Roxburgh) is a tract of marshy land, adjoining the Kir- 
connell gold fields on the E. It lies in the parish of Castleton, and on the Kircon- 
nell creek. Alluvial deposit over red sandstone. 

LTJDDENHAM {Co. Cumberland) is a small village, in the parish of Bringelly, 
-and electoral district of the Nepean, and police district of Penrith. It is situated 5 



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miles N. of Bringelly, on the Penrith road, being the same distance S. of Penrith, the 
nearest railway station. It contains 1 hotel, the Thistle (Lawson's), a brick built 
National schoolhouse, and a Primitive Methodist school. The district is chiefly agri- 
cultural (dairy farming), and the population few and scattered. The country sur- 
rounding is Blaxland's Luddenham estate. 

LUMLEY {Co. Argyle) is a small agricultural settlement, lying 5 miles distant 
from Bungonia, in a S.W. direction. 

LUPTON'S INN ( Co. Camden) is the name of a well-known hotel on the Great 
Southern road, about 8 miles S. of Camden, and at the junction of the road to Appin. 
It lies at an elevation of 1206 feet above the level of the sea. Sandstone. 

LUSKINTYRE {Co. Northumberland) is a small agricultural hamlet on the 
Hunter river, lying adjacent to the village of Lochinvar, and being taken up by a 
number of small agricultural farmers. The population is included in that of Loch- 
invar. Carbonaceous sandstone. 

LYELL MOUNT {Albert district) is the highest peak in the Stanley or Barrier 
range. It attains an elevation of 2000 feet above sea level. Sandstone. 

MACARTHUR MOUNT {Co. Brisbane). See Moan Mount. 

MAC ARTHUR'S POINT {Co. Cumberland) is the N. point of the S. head of 
Johnstone's bay, lying in the suburb of Pyrmont. Sandstone. 

MACARTHUR RIVER {Co. Gloucester) is a small S. tributary of the Glouces- 
ter river, flowing into it at the township of Gloucester. Sandstone and shale. 

McCANN MOUNT (Co. Bathurst) is a peak on the N. side of the road from 
Bathurst to Ophir, lying in the parish of Byng, about 10 miles S.S.E. of the town- 
ship of Ophir. Granite. 

MCCARTHY'S MOUNT {Co. Gough) is a peaked hill, lying about 5 miles E. of 
the township of Inverell. Upper volcanic. 

McCULLOCH'S RANGE {Co. Livingstone) is a range of Sandstone hills, lying 
in the vast flat desert between the Bogan and Darling rivers. Some of these hills are 
peaked and others flat-topped, and stand like lonely mountains, rocky, barren, and 
cheerless. Pliocene tertiary. 

McCULLOCH'S RANGE STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Chadwick, 
Nicholas ; area, 38,700 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 5s. 

MACDONALD RIVER (Cos. Northumberland and Cook) is a fine W. tributary 
of the lower part of the Hawkesbury river, flowing through the town of St. Alban's 
into the main stream at Sackville reach. It is fed by the Yengo and Wright's creeks, 
and waters some good agricultural country. Sandstone and shale. 

MACDONALD'S CREEK {Co. Buclland) is a S. tributary of Jack's creek, rising 
near J. Seville's 160 acres, and flowing N. along the E. slope of Parson's hill, through 
the Australian Agricultural company's grant of 249,600 acres. Upper and middle 
palaeozoic. 

MCDONALD'S CREEK {Co. Wellington). See Eurudgere Creek. 

MCDONALD'S FLAT {Co. Northumberland) is an agricultural flat on the great 
N. road from Sydney to Maitland. It lies about 8 miles S. of the Wollombi township, 
on the Wollombi brook. Alluvial. 

MCDONALD'S PEAK {Albert district), a peak of the Grey range, which see, 

MACDONALD TOWN (Co. Cumberland) is a small village lying on the Cook's 
River road, between Newtown and Tempe. Sandstone and shale. 

McEWEN'S CAVE (Co. Westmoreland) is the name of one of the Fish river 
caves, situated on the Ducmalong creek. It is a chasm in the limestone, consisting of 
several chambers. Limestone. 

MACGUIRE'S CPtEEK (Co. Rous) is a small N. tributary of the estuary of 
the Richmond river, falling into it a few miles from its mouth. Sandstone and shale. 

MACINTYRE CREEK (Co. Murchison, Gwydir district) is a S. tributary of 
Keera creek, rising to the N. of the Ironbark gold field, and flowing N. about 25 



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325 



miles. The geological formation is upper paleozoic, connected with serpentine, 
charged with chromate of iron. 

MACINTYRE (or Karaula) RIVER (New England and Gwydir districts) is a 
noble river rising in mount Lomond, in the Australian Alps, about 16 miles S. of the 
township of Stonehenge, and flowing N.W. about 130 miles to the borders of Queens- 
land, when it turns to the W. and N.S.W., forming the division between that colony 
on the N. and New South Wales on the S. for about 130 miles, when it joins the 
Boonie and the Gilgil rivers, the three forming the Barwon, or upper Darling river. 
The upper part of the Macintyre river flows through undulating flats and open forest 
land of great fertility, and the lower through the borders of the sandy plains, 
polygonium flats, and reedy swamps, which characterise the course of the Darling and 
its tributaries. It flows through the counties of Gough, Arrawatta, Staplyton, and 
Benarba, and the townships of Newstead, Inverell, Byron, Yetman, and Boggabilla. 
It is crossed at its upper end by the roads from Glen Innes and Severn to Warialda, 
Bingera, and Bendemeer, and lower down by the road from Walgett to the Darling 
Downs, and Brisbane (Queensland). The Macintyre receives the drainage of numerous 
streams. Its New South Wales tributaries are the Severn and Dumaresq rivers, and 
the Moredun, Querra, Paradise, Newstead, Middle, Swan, Rob Roy, Byron, Gramen, 
Redbank, Ema, Mundoc, Trigamon, andOxley's creeks. The Boomi river is a branch 
flowing out of the Macintyre, and into it again at its fall into the Barwon. There is a 
fine cataract on this river near its confluence with the Severn river. The length of 
the Macintyre river is 350 miles, and the area of its basin 5250 square miles. The 
geological formation of the district is schistose volcanic, decomposed basaltic lava 
overlying dark blue basaltic rock, with high basaltic cliffs or bluffs of considerable 
height occurring at the bends of the river. The soil is rich, red and black. 

MACKINGr CREEK ( Co. Cumberland) is a S . tributary of the Parramatta river, 
falling into it near Homebush. Sandstone. 

M'LAUGHLAN'S CREEK (Co. Murray) is a tributary creek of the head of 
the Yass river, forming one of its sources. It rises in mount Ainslie, about 8 miles 
N. of Queanbeyan, and flows N.E. about 7 miles, joining the E. branch, or head, of 
the Yass river, near the S.W. foot of mount Bywong. It flows through the N. part 
of the Molonglo plains. Limestone and slate. 

M'LAUGrHLIN RIVER {Co. Wallace) is an E. tributary of the Snowy river, 
rising in the W. slopes of the S. coast range by two heads, and flowing S.W. through 
the S. E. part of the Monaro plains, about 50 miles. It is partially auriferous, and is 
fed by the Springflat creek. Granite and trap. There are traces of lead and copper, 
and gold has been found in the green mud (similar to that of Major's creek, Araluen) 
of this river. 

MACLEAN (Co. Clarence) is a small agricultural village in the electoral district 
of the Clarence, and police district of Grafton. It is situated at Rocky mouth, on the 
Clarence river, and lies about 9 miles N. E. of the township of Lawrence, with which 
place there is communication twice a week by steamer. There is one hotel, and a 
population of about 50 persons. Sandstone and alluvial drift. 

MACLEAN RIVER (Co. Gloucester) is a small stream flowing from the W. 
into the inlet known as Wallis lake. Sandstone. 

MACLE AY is a pastoral district, lying in the N. E. part of the colony, having an 
area of 3180 square miles. Large quantities of cedar are obtained in various parts of 
this district, and shipped to Sydney and other ports. The chief towns are Kempsey, 
Frederickton, Warneton, and Dovedale. The number of freehold landholders in this 
district is, 283 ; and of leaseholders, 205. The extent of land in circulation is 93674 
acres : — under wheat there are 16f acres ; under maize, 8966| acres ; under barley, 11 
.acres ; under oats, 20 acres ; under tobacco, 2 acres ; and under vine, lh acres. Live 
jstock — horses, 2646 ; horned cattle, 20,035 ; sheep, 173 ; and pigs, 3609. 

MACLE AY RANGE (Cos. Gresham and Fltzroy) is a branch of the New England 
range, and separates the basin of the Clarence and Macleay. It is rugged and inac- 
cessible, though it does not, as far as is yet known, possess any peaks of remarkable 
elevation. It branches from New England range near Chandler's peak, and termi- 
nates near the coast. Sandstone. 

MACLEAY RIVER (Cos. Dudley and Macquarie) is a magnificent stream, 



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formed by the confluence of the Gyra river and the Tilbuster ponds, and flowing in an 
E. anil S. E. direction, through rugged country, splendidly timbered with cedar and 
other valuable trees, for a distance of about 200 miles into the ocean at Trial bay, a 
distance of SO miles N. of port Macquarie. This river drains an area of 4800 square 
miles, and on its banks, as well as on the banks of many of its tributary streams, are 
tracts of excellent agricultural land, much of which is taken up by settlers and under 
cultivation. The Macleay flows past the townships of East and West Kempsey and 
Eredericktown, receiving in its course the waters of the Apsley, Styx, and Dyke 
rivers, the Mihi, Kunderang, George's, Comara, Peedee, Nulla-Nulla, Parabel, 
Hickey's, Munga, Bococo, Christmas, Clybucca, Kin chela, and Darkwater creeks, and 
the Oreen, Warbro, and Yessaba brooks. The geological formation of the head of 
this river is granitic, whilst lower down it is sandstone shale and limestone, with 
overlying alluvial deposit. This river, which is only capable of admitting small 
coasting vessels, falls into the sea by a narrow channel between the N. extreme of a 
narrow tongue and a grassy hill on the mainland. There is a bar across the entrance, 
on which the water varies from 7 to 1 5 feet. 

Macleay river is the name of a police district, embracing part of the pastoral 
district of Macleay, and part of the county of Macquarie ; and bounded on the N. by 
the range forming the S. watershed of the Clarence river, and a line bearing E. to the 
sea, near the Solitary islands ; on the E. by the sea S. to Crescent head ; thence on 
the S. by a Hue bearing N.W. to the range dividing the waters of the Macleay and 
Hastings rivers, by that range W. to Kippara ; and thence by a line to mount Sea 
View ; and thence on the W. by a line N. to mount Werrikimbe, and a Hue thence 
N. by compass to the range forming the S. watershed of the Clarence river aforesaid. 
The place of petty sessions is West Kempsey. 

McLSAY'S FLAT STATION (Honaro district) ; occupiers, Nicholson, J. and 
H. A. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Charges, £110. 

McPHSHSON MOUNT {Albert district) is a lonely flat-topped hill, lying on 
the W. bank of the Darling river, about 130 miles S.W. of Bourke. Sandstone. 

MACPHEESON'S RANGE {Cos. Buller and Rous) is a branch of the New 
England range, and lies between the basins of the Logan (Queensland) on the N., and 
the Clarence and Richmond on the S. It is of a very precipitous and inaccessible 
character, and is therefore well fitted to form the boundary between two colonies. 
The highest point is mount Lindsay, which attains an altitude of 5700 feet. Sand- 
stone. 

MACPHEESON'S SWAMP CREEK {Co. Bucdeugh) is a S. tributary of the 
Murrumbidgee river, rising in the swampy flats to the W. of the lower part of the 
Gooradigbee river, and flowing N. aboiit 12 miles. Granite and shale. 

MAC&TJAPoIE CATARACT {Co. Ewenmair) is a fall on the Macquarie river,, 
lying in 31° 50' S. lat., 148 c 3' E. long. It lies 680 feet above sea level. 

MACQ.UAPi-IE is a coimty, bounded on the S. by the Manning river ; on the 
W. by a line from the said confluence to mount Sea View, and thence by a line to 
Kippara, a pass in the range dividing the waters of the Macleay river from the waters 
of the Wilsons' river ; on the N. by that range to the source of the S. branch of the 
Maria river, and thence by that stream to the first section line in the parish of 
Ralateene, W. of the E. boundary of that parish, thence by that section line to the 
Macleay river ; on the N.W. by the Macleay river to its mouth (inclusive of the 
island) ; and on the E. by the sea coast. It is 60 miles in extent from N. to S., and 
50 miles from E. to W. , and contains about 1,408,000 acres. The population numbers 
4363 persons. The number of freehold landholders in this county is 316, and of 
leaseholders 158. The extent of land in cultivation is 8127^ acres. Under wheat 
there are 673 acres ; under maize, 65734 acres ; under barley, 146 acres ; under oats,, 
243 acres ; under tobacco, 35 acres ; and under vine, 17 acres. Live stock : horses, 
4443 ; horned cattle, 26,530 ; sheep, 543 ; and pigs, 5091. 

Macquarie, East, electoral district, embraces the S.W. portion of the county of 
Roxburgh, and a N.W. portion of the county of Westmoreland, and is bounded on 
the ZST. , from the confluence of Williwa creek with the Turon river, by that river, 
downward, to the confluence of Round swamp creek, and thence by the range forming 
the W. watershed of that creek, the range forming the S. watershed of Warragunnia 
creek, and a spur range to Cunningham's creek, opposite to the confluence of the. 



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tributary falling into jt from mount Corcalgong ; by Cunningham's creek and the Turon 
river to its confluence with the Macquarie ; thence on the W. by the Macquarie river, 
upward, to the confluence of Campbell's river, and by that river upward ; on the S. 
by Campbell's river to its source in the great Dividing range ; thence on the E. by 
the Fish river creek to the Fish river, and by the Fish river to the confluence of 
Solitry creek, thence by Solitary creek to Pydal, where the Bathurst road crosses 
that creek, by that road, W. , to the great Dividing range, by that range, N. , to the 
source of Williwa creek, and by that creek to its confluence with the Turon river 
aforesaid. This electorate comprises part of the district of Bathurst, including Kelso, 
Peel, Sofala, Mitchell's creek, Meadow flat, Frying-Pan, O'Connell, Fish river creek, 
Graham's Inn, Charlton, Wattle flat, Turon river, and Palmer's Oakey, and returns 
2 members to the Legislative Assembly, the present representatives being W. Cum- 
mings and D. Buchanan, Esqrs. The number of registered electors in this district 
is 2246, of whom 1491 voted at the last general election, 1864-1865. 

Macquarie, West, electoral district, embraces the E. portion of the county of 
Bathurst, and the N.E. portion of the county of Georgiana, and is bounded on the E. 
and N. by Campbell's river, from its source in the great Dividing range to its conflu- 
ence with the Macquarie river, and by that river, downward, to the confluence of 
Lewis' ponds creek ; thence on the W. by the range forming the E. watershed of 
Lewis' ponds creek, to the range dividing the waters of the Macquarie and Belubula 
rivers, and by that range, S. , to the range dividing the waters of the Abercrombie 
and Macquarie rivers ; and on the S. by that range, E. , to the great Dividing range, 
at the source of Campbell's river aforesaid ; but excluding therefrom the electoral 
district of Bathurst. This electorate comprises part of the district of Bathurst, and 
returns 1 member to the Legislative Assembly, the present representative being P. 
Driver, Esq., jun. The number of registered electors in this district is 961. 

MACQUARIE (or Awaba) LAKE ( Co. Northumberland) is a large inlet of the 
sea, forming a lake or lagoon, connected with the Pacific ocean by a narrow passage 
called Reid's Mistake. It is about 20 miles in length, and averages about 3 miles in 
width. The opening to this lake lies about 12 miles S. of Newcastle. The lake is 
very irregular in form, and runs into numerous bays and reaches, the principal of 
which are Cockle, Awaba, Village, Erraring, Wallarah, and Mannering bays. The 
principal points of land jutting into the lake are Kahibah, Landelf, Skye, Wangi- 
Wangi, Wolstoncroft, Morrisset, Stockdale, Shingle Splitter's, and Stingaree points, 
and the islands are Ptilbah and the Five Islands. Lake Macquarie is fed by numer- 
ous creeks, the principal being Cockle, and Mannering or Dorah, creeks. The coast 
of this lake is generally scrubby and precipitous, bub little of it is taken up, ex- 
cept by fishermen as fishing stations. Its waters abound in fine fish, and in the bays 
and indentations are numerous flocks of aquatic fowl of all kinds, which afford fine 
sport for the gun, and render lake Macquarie a favourite place of resort for sports- 
men. The village of Kahiba is situated at the entrance to the lake. This lake is 
becoming a place of importance, from the fact of there being abundance of coal in its 
vicinity, and the mines of the Cardiff and the West Hartley companies in full work. 
The coal traffic between the lake and Sydney is carried on by vessels of very light 
draught, the depth of water on the bar at the entrance of the lake seldom exceeding 
6 feet at high water. The entrance to the lake is S. S. W. £W. , 5 miles from Ped Head, 
and about 50 miles from the North Head to port Jackson, and is only accessible at 
high tide, the tide being nearly awash at low water. A small island, called in the 
chart Moon Islet, and by coasters Green Island, lies half a mile seaward of the bar ; 
inside of the former there is good shelter with a S.W. or S. wind, in moderate wea- 
ther. The channel generally used is to the N. of the island, but in very fine weather 
and smooth sea the S. passage is sometimes taken by those well acquainted with it ; 
it is, however, very narrow and intricate, as a rocky spit extends some distance from 
the S. point, and rocks also are interspersed between it and the island. Inside the 
bar the anchorage is good in from 12 to 14 feet water, and vessels lie alongside the 
coal wharves without inconvenience, although it may be blowing fresh from seaward. 
CarbonaceotTS sandstone. 

MACQUARIE MARSHES ( Co. Clyde) is the name given to an expansion of 
the Macquarie river, which see. 

MACQUARIE POPT (Co. Macquarie). See Port Macquarie. 
MACQUARIE PANGE (Cos. Wellington and Bathurst) ; this range is one of 



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[Mac 



the W. spurs of the Blue mountain range, from which many of the tributaries of the 
Macquarie river have their sources. It commences about the 34th parallel of S. lat. , 
and. running in a N. W. direction, divides the waters of the Macquarie from those of 
the Lachlan. Many of its peaks attain a considerable height, but its culminating 
point is mount Canobolas, which rises to an elevation of 4610 feet above the level of 
the sea. Traces of copper have been found in this range of mountains, particularly 
at and near the Canobolas mountain. The range is rugged and broken, bare of vege- 
tation, and sparsely timbered. The geological formation consists of ferruginous sand- 
stone, intermingled with upheaval of granite and various other rocks of trappean 
nature. There is occasionally quartz and schist to be found, some of the former 
being, although slightly, auriferous. 

MACCIUARIE (or Wambool) RIVER {Cos. Bathurst, Roxburgh, Wellington, 
Lincoln, Gordon, and BligJi districts) is a magnificent stream, formed by the junction 
of Campbell's and Fish rivers, about 8 miles S. of the town of Bathurst, and flowing 
in a general N.W. direction. The two streams which form this river rise in the rugged 
and inaccessible gullies of the W. slope of the Blue mountains. The Macquarie was 
discovered by Mr. Evans, the then deputy surveyor-general of the colony, in 
December, 1813, and was explored by Oxley in 1818, as far as 30° 45' S. lat., 147° 10' 
E. long. , where the channel failed, and unexpectedly spread out on every point from 
1ST.W. to N.E. into a vast reedy marsh, varying from 3 to 5 feet in depth. Sturt also 
made a futile attempt to trace the river, but was stopped about the same place by an 
interminable and impassable forest of reeds. Sir Thomas L. Mitchell, however, 
subsequently followed it to its confluence with the Barwon, or upper Darling, in 30° 
11' S. lat., 147° 33' E. long. The upper part of the Macquarie flows in a winding 
gravelly bed with lofty banks, wide apart, and beautifully verdant, through extensive 
level plains of fine deep rich soil, almost devoid of timber, but abounding with 
kangaroo and other native game. Lower down the country is generally open forest, 
with rich flats on either side of the stream, and occasional high rocky limestone hills 
jutting out as cliffs, close to the channel. The river expands into fine reaches from 1 
to 3 miles long, and broad in proportion ; there are also numerous falls and rapids, 
which, in dry weather, when the river is low, impede its navigation. Waterfowl of 
every kind abound, the river being in some places sometimes literally covered with 
them, and afford fine sport. As the river progresses the country gradually becomes 
poorer, and the back country, which is a wide level plain subject to inundation, and 
intersected by belts of acacia, with scrubby timber and occasional swamps. At its 
lower end the Macquarie spreads out in wet weather into a vast marsh, and diverges 
into hundreds of small branch streams, which form a complete network of creeks. 
In dry weather the country is sandy and barren, with occasional morasses, and 
granite rocks peeping out of the ground. The whole of the land on and in the 
neighbourhood of the upper and middle part of the river is taken up for pastoral and 
agricultural purposes. The principal holders of, purchased land on the river are : — 
Messrs. Wall, Hughes, Hosking, Kite, Perrier, and Colonel Stewart, in the county of 
Bathurst ; Cox, Hawkins, Piper, Icely, Rankin, Thompson, and Macarthur, in the 
county of Roxburgh ; and Reid, Suttor, A. Cox, Norton. Aspinal, Brown, Maughan, 
Hay, Montefiore, Raymond, and Osborne, in the county of Wellington. The Mac- 
quarie river is fed by numerous tributary streams, the principal of which are, besides 
the Fish and Campbell rivers, the Turon, Bell, Cudgegong, Little, and Erskine or 
Talbragar rivers ; and the Queen Charlotte vale, Princess Charlotte vale, Xeal"s 
Water Hole, Swallow, Winburndale, Tambaroora, Coolamin, Pyramid, Curragurra, 
Section, Trianbil, Muckerwa, Burrandong, Stockyard, Eagle Beagle, Dreel, Hamgery, 
Wylandra, Coolbaggie, Brumagem, Budd, Ewenmair, and Martaguy creeks. The 
Macquarie flows through the Macquarie, Tambaroora, Pyramid, Burrendong, and 
Muckerwa gold fields ; the principal falls in its course are Butler's and the Macquarie 
cataract, the former about 4 miles S. of Dubbo, and the latter near the village of 
Gingi. There are several towns and villages on the entire length of the river, except 
at the lower portion ; they are, commencing at the upper end, Bathurst, Burrandong, 
Wellington, Dubbo, Narroumie, Gimerabunga, Gingi, and Cowalong. The geological 
formation of the upper end of the river is sandstone, limestone, and clayey shale, 
with granite lower down. That of the lower end is generally paloeozoic with pliocene 
tertiary, and in some places fluviatile drift. 



MACCIUARIE RIVULET (Co. Camden) is a small stream flowing from near 



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the E. end of the Wingecaribee swamp into lake Illawarra. It is fed by Johnston's 
creek. Silurian. • 

MACQTJARIE TOWER ( Co. Cumberland) is situated on cape Banks, in the 
parish of Botany. It is unquestionably the most classic spot on the shores of 
Australia. The tower, originally built by Governor Macquarie, for the prevention of 
smuggling, is itself a picturesque object, but the scene is connected with associations 
of too deep an interest to satisfy the eye with what it now presents. There is a 
charm about the spot, marked by a brass plate on the opposite cliffs, where 
Cook first landed, which will be heightened, rather than diminished, by the lapse of 
ages ; and, in the foreground, a handsome monument to the memory of La Perouse, 
surmounted by a gilt sphere, contributes much to the intellectual interest of the 
scene. 

M'QUOID MOUNT (Co. Northumberland) is a high hill in the Dowling range, 
on the road between Maitland and Sydney, about 9 miles S. of Wollombi township. 
The creek called the Dennis Dog Kennel rises in this hill. Sandstone. 

MADGORA CREEK {Co. Leichhardt, Bligh district) is a W. tributary of the 
lower end of the Castlereagh river, rising in the flat swampy pastoral country W. 
of Coonamble, and flowing N. Pliocene tertiary and alluvial deposit, over silurian 
rocks. 

MAESTER'S SWAMP {Co. Sandon) is a swamp on the Kentucky ponds, 
situated in the parish of Kentucky, and becoming a large lagoon in flood time. 
Fluviatile deposit. 

MAFRA STATION" {Moaaro district) ; occupier, Bradley, William; area, 30,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £77 10s. 

MAGINC0BLE CREEK {Co. Ashburnham) is a S. tributary of the Goobang 
creek, flowing W. IN . W. in the rugged pastoral country to the N. of the Lachlan 
gold fields. Lower palaeozoic. 

MAHARATTA (or Saucy Creek) {Co. Wellesley) is a tributary of the Bombala 
river, rising in the W. side of mount Coolangubra, and flowing W. about 30 miles. 
Granite and trap rock. 

MAHARATTA STATION" (Monaro district) ; occupier, Moses, Joseph ; area, 
20,000 acres; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. Charges, £156 17s. 6d. 

MAH0NGA STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Band, R. ; area, 
32,000 acres; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old charges were £50; 
the recently appraised rental is £318 6s. 6d. 

MAHURANGI STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Glass andLigar; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Condobolin. 
Charges, £32 10s. 

MAIDENHEAD STATION ( New England district); occupier, Bowman, George; 
area, 115,200 acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. The old charges were £131 17s. 
6d ; the recently appraised rental is £160. 

MAILLEE STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Cope, Joseph ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. Charges, £42 16s. 3d. 

MAIN CREEK DIGGINGS (Co. Murchison) is a smaU alluvial diggings on the 
Bingara gold field, situated 12 miles S. of the township of Bingara. Hornblendic 
granite. 

MAITLAND BAR (Co. Wellington) is a gold workings (quartz and alluvial), 
forming part of the Meroo gold field, and situated 2 miles W. of the township of 
Avisford. This is one of the best diggings in the district, having been steadily 
worked for a number of years. There is 1 hotel, the Coach and Horses, and a popu- 
lation of 60 Europeans and about 200 Chinese. Metamorphic slate. 

MAITLAND, EAST, 32° 47' S. lat, 149° 46' E. long. (Co. Northumberland), is 
a municipal borough and postal town (returning 1 member to the Legislative Assembly) 
in the parish of Maitland, and police district of Maitland. It is situated on Wallis' 
creek, which divides it on its W. side from West Maitland, and on the Hunter river 
which flows on its N. side. East Maitland was laid out by the Government on a flat 
between the Hunter river and a range of low sloping hills, in a pleasant but unsuitable 



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site, owing to the scarcity of good water, and from this and other causes the township 
has not prospered, but has remained comparatively stagnant since' the establishment 
of the now large and thriving township of West Maitland, a mile to the N.W. It is, 
however, the assize town of the district, and has the honor of containing the law 
courts and the gaol, both spacious and convenient edifices. The latter, especially, is 
a fine building of hewn freestone. The district is an agricultural and pastoral one, 
chiefly the former, the cultivation of maize, lucerne, and garden produce being one of 
the principal industries. There are coal mines within 2 miles of the E. end of the 
township, and the horse and cattle market and sale yards (Dodd's) are the largest and 
best in the district, and fairly challenge comparison with any in the colony. There 
is 1 steam flour mill, and a tobacco factory, a wheelwright's shop, and several good 
stores in the town. There is a fine spacious railway station at East Maitland, which 
is the junction of the great Northern railway and the Morpeth branch line. The 
nearest places are West Maitland, 1 mile N.W. ; Morpeth, 3 miles S.E. ; Largs or 
Dunmore, 3 miles N.E. ; and Paterson, 12 miles N.E. To and from Maitland and 
Morpeth trains run thrice a day, and cabs and omnibuses are continually plying to 
and from the same places. With the other places there is communication by mail 
coach daily. With Sydney, 93 miles S. , the communication is by rail to Newcastle, 
and thence by steamer. East Maitland has a post and money order office, a telegraph 
station, a mechanic's institute, a municipal council chamber, a National and a Denomi- 
national school, and Episcopalian and Roman catholic churches. The hotels are the 
Black Horse, Volunteer, Metropolitan, Union Bank, George and Dragon, J unction, 
Hunter River, Railway, Windsor Castle, and Market. There is 1 carrying office by 
dray to West Maitland and Morpeth. To the S. E. is a racecourse, and in the centre 
of the town a recreation ground. A bridge is in course of erection over the Hunter 
river at Pitnacree, on the road leading to Largs, which will be of great public benefit, 
and will replace the punt hitherto used there. There are branches of the Australian 
and Savings Banks, and of the European and the Colonial Insurance companies. The 
surrounding coiintry is flat to the N.W. and E., and hilly to the S. The geological 
formation is generally carbonaceous and ferruginous sandstone. The population 
numbers about 2000 persons. East Maitland municipality was proclaimed 10th 
March, 1862. The estimated annual value of rateable property within it is £12,465, 
from which (including Government aid) it derived in the year 1864 an income of 
£1281 19s. Id. Its expenditure during that year was £1842 10s. The extent of its 
roads and streets, is 15 miles, and the number of registered electors, 510. 

The East Maitland electoral district embraces a N. portion of the county of Nor- 
thumberland ; and bounded on the N. , from the boundary line between John Eales' 
2100 acres, and Francis Moran's 2460 acres, by the road from Raymond terrace to 
Maitland, W. to the W. boundary of Joseph Moore's 2560 acres, by that boundary, 
the W. boundary of E. C. Close's 560 acres, and the S. and W. "boundaries of Close's 
2050 acres to the river Hunter, and by the river Hunter, upward, to the confluence 
of Wallis creek ; on the W. by Wallis creek and Mulbring creek, to the source of the 
latter in the Sugar Loaf range ; on the S. and E. by that range N. to the Sugar Loaf 
Mountain, and thence by a line bearing N. E. to a point in the S. boundary of the 
parish of Alnwick, in a line with the W. boundary of Moran's 2460 acres, and by that 
line and boundary, N., to the Raymond Terrace road aforesaid. 

This electorate comprises part of the district of Maitland, and returns one mem- 
ber to the Legislative Assembly, the present representative being A. Dodds, Esq. 
The number of registered electors in this district is 916. 

MAITLAND, WEST, 32° 47' S. lat., 149° 45' E. long. (Co. Northumberland), is 
a borough and postal town, returning 1 member to the Legislative Assembly. It is 
in the parish of Maitland, and police district of Maitland, and is situated on the S. 
side of the Hunter river, being separated from E. Maitland (the Government town- 
ship) by a tributary of that river known as Wallis's creek. The Hunter river lies on 
the N. of the township, and Wallis's creek on the E. and S.E. To the S.W., and at 
a distance of about 20 miles, is a chain of high mountains called the Sugar Loaf and 
Broken Back ranges. On the S. side of the township lies the agricultural district of 
Louth Park, an alluvial flat, subject to inundation in time of flood. The district is 
wholly agricultural, the soil being well adapted for the growth of wheat, maize, 
barley, lucerne, and also of fruit and vegetables. Within 3 miles of Maitland there 
are several coal mines at work. In the township and suburbs are 4 steam flour mills, 
4 tobacco manufactories, and 2 soap and candle manufactories. There is an excellent 



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hospital, situated on an eminence called Campbell's hill, overlooking the town on the 
W. This institution is built of brick, and is excellently conducted. During the year 
1864, 279 patients were admitted, and 253 discharged, and during the same year the 
total receipts were £872 Is. lid., being £287 6s. 9d. from Government, and £584 15s. 2d. 
from voluntary contributions. The total disbursements during that year were, how- 
ever, £1662 2s. 2d. There is a well-built brick school of arts, with a good library, a 
telegraph office, a post and money order office, and a railway station on the Great 
Northern line. The racecourse is considered a very good one, and lies on an alluvial 
flat on the S. side of the town. Maitland consists principally of 1 long street, being 
portion of the Great North road, and known at this place as High-street. 
It runs in a line with the S. bank of the river, and in time of inundation 
is partially covered by the flood waters of the river, portions of it being 
occasionally washed away. There are numerous cross streets, but the business 
part of the town is confined to this main street. Several large and well-built 
stores adorn it, the principal of which i3 that of Cohen Brothers. Maitland has 
a theatre, occasionally open, and numerous hotels and inns : the principal ones are the 
Northumberland, Eckford's Family, White Swan, Royal Oak, Thistle, Sportsman's 
Amis, Emu, Eace Horse, Eose, Thistle, and Shamrock, Alma, Bird in Hand, Birming- 
ham, Eed Lion, Coach and Horses, Railway, Shamrock, Harp of Erin, Gold Diggers', 
Angel, Commercial, Volunteer, Maitland, Australian, Queen's Arms, Currency Lass, 
Prince of Wales, Waterloo, Cross Keys, Garrick's Head, White Horse, Denison, 
Governor Gipps, Port Maitland, Ben Bolt, and Post Office. There is a booking office 
for Gaggin's Pioneer line of express vans to Armidale and other places in Xew Eng- 
land, at Osborne's registry office. These vans convey passengers and parcels to all 
the towns on the Northern road as far as Armidale. Maitland has 2 newspapers : 
the Maitland Mercury (the oldest and best provincial paper in the colony, and one 
which enjoys, not only a local, but a general circulation) and the Ensign, an excellent 
journal established more recently. There are branches of the Australasian, Commer- 
cial, City, Australian Joint Stock, New South Wales, and Savings banks, and of the 
London and Liverpool, Imperial, Pacific, A'ictoria, Colonial, United, Sydney, Nor- 
thern, Liverpool and London and Globe, and Australian Mutual Provident insurance 
companies ; and the following Masonic, &c, lodges in the township : Masonic — lodge 
Unity, 547 E.C. ; Cumberland Chapter, attached to lodge Unity, S04 E.G.; and 
lodge of Harmony, S.C. Odd Fellows' Good Design lodge. The nearest places to 
W. Maitland are E. Maitland, 1 mile E. ; Largs, 5 miles N.E. ; Paterson, 10 miles N.; 
Lochinvar, 7 miles N.W. ; Bishop's bridge, 6 miles W. ; and Morpeth, 4 miles E. 
With E. Maitland, Morpeth, and Lochinvar the communication is by rail, with the 
Paterson and Largs by coach, and with Bishop's bridge by horse or dray. AVith 
Sydney, 95 miles S., the communication is by railway to Newcastle (20 miles), and 
thence by steamer. Maitland is situated in the midst of a large and very fertile 
alluvial flat, formed by the overflow of the Hunter river. It is surrounded by moun- 
tains, and is subject to devastating and dangerous floods, which submerge, not only 
the low lying lauds, but also the greater portion of Maitland itself, and which occur 
at intervals of from 4 to 7 years. The height above mean sea level is 98 feet. 
The annual mean shade temp. 63', mean max. shade temp. 75°, mean min. shade temp. 
53°, and depth of rain 60 inches. The population, as shewn by the last census, is 
2841 males, and 2853 females, a total of 5694. The number of dwellings, as shewn 
by the same census, is 1141. The geological formation of the district is carbon- 
aceous sandstone, with deep alluvial and fluviatile deposit. Large quantities of coal 
are obtained from the various mines in the neighbourhood : the principal ones being 
the Eath-luba mine, which in 1864 produced 600 tons, of the value of £180; the 
Four Mile mines (3 mines), which in the same year produced 10,050 tons, of the value 
of £4020 ; the Anvil creek mine, which produced 9000 tons, of the value of £2700 ; 
and the Stony creek mine, which produced 1360 tons, of the value of £6S0. 

West Maitland municipality was proclaimed 13th November, 1S63. The esti- 
mated annual value of the rateable property within it is £40,200, from which 
(including Government aid) it derived in the year 1864 an income of £3970 18s. 2d. 
Its expenditure during that year was £3970 18s. 2d. The extent of its roads and 
streets is 14 miles, and the number of registered electors, 1205. 

The West Maitland electoral district embraces the town of West Maitland, in the 
county of Northumberland ; commencing at the river Hunter, at the confluence with 
the river of a creek dividing the allotments cf Hall and Balcot, and is bounded on. 



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part of the N. by that creek, so far as it bears W. , thence by a continued W. line to 
the S.W. corner of Hall's allotment ; on the W. by Balcot's W. boundary, and its S. 
continuation to P. F. Campbell's N. boundary line ; again on the N. by that boundary line 
bearing W. to its N. W. corner ; again on the W. by the W. boundary line of Campbell 
and Luke Ralph's lands, to the N.W. corner of J. T. Hughes's 4 acres ; on part of the 
S. by the N. boundary line of that land bearing east to Swamp creek ; on the remainder 
of the S. and part of the E. by that creek, to its confluence with Wallis' creek ; and 
thence by Wallis' creek to its confluence with the river Hunter ; and on the residue 
of the E. and N. by that river, to the confluence of the creek, dividing the allotments 
of Hall and Balcot aforesaid. This electorate comprises part of the district of Mait- 
land, and returns 1 member to the Legislative Assembly, the present representative 
being B. Lee, Esq. The number of registered electors in this district is 1247, of whom 
891 voted at the last general election, 1864-1865. 

Maitland is a police district embracing a N. portion of the county of Nor- 
thumberland, and a S. portion of the county of Durham ; and bounded on part of the 
E. from the N.W. corner of Francis Moran's 2460 acres grant, by the N. continuation 
of the W. boundary line of that land to the S.W. corner of W. Hickey's 600 acres, 
thence by the W. boundary of that land and its continuation, N. , through Clyment's 
2000 acres, forming the E. boundary of Thomas Bartie's 2560 acres, and passing 
through Andrew Dixon's 1600 acres, to the S. boundary of Hugh Torrens' 2000 acres ; 
on the N. by that boundary, W., to the S.W. corner of that land, by a line thence to 
the S.E. corner of W. Dunn's 1300 acres grant, by the S. boundary of that land, and 
crossing the Paterson river, to the S.E. corner of J. B. Webber's 2020 acres grant, 
thence by the S. boundary of that land, the N. boundary of T. Nowlan's land, and a line 
N.W. across the church grant and government land, to the N.E. corner of W. C. 
Wentworth's 1034 acres, thence by the N. boundary of that land, the S. and W. 
boundaries of Lambe's 2560 acres, the N. and W. boundaries of Mitchell's 880 acres, 
and the N. and W. boundaries of Underwood's 1500 acres, to the river Hunter at the 
S. E. corner of Gaggin's 2000 acres grant, and thence by the river Hunter, to the con- 
fluence of Black creek ; on the W. by Black creek to its W. source, and thence 
by a line bearing S. W. to Broken Back mountain ; on the S. by the range from 
that mountain to the Sugar Loaf mountain, and thence by a line bearing N.E. to 
a point in the S. boundary of the parish of Alnwick, in a line with the W. 
boundary of Francis Moran's grant of 2460 acres ; and on the remainder of the E. by 
that line, and the W. boundary of Moran's grant, to the N.W. corner of that grant, 
aforesaid. The places of petty sessions are East Maitland, West Maitland, and Mor- 
peth. 

MAITLAND POINT {Co. Sandon) is a small village reserve, situated near the 
township of Armidale. 

MAJOR'S CREEK ( Co. Mitchell) is a small N. tributary of the Billabung creek, 
rising in the flat swampy country to the N. of the township of Morven, and carrying 
off the overflow of Doodle swamp. It receives the waters of Coomier creek. Granite 
and schist. 

MAJOR'S CREEK (or Elrington) {Co. St. Vincent) is a small postal digging 
township, in the parish of Ellington, and electoral and police districts of Braidwood. 
It is situated on Major's creek, on the table land immediately above the coast range, 
about 10 miles S. from Braidwood. The creek (an insignificant one) has a perpendi- 
cular fall of about 400 feet into the Araluen valley. The Shoalhaven river rises about 
40 miles S., and flows past the township within 6 miles W. ; the "Back creek flows 
about 1 mile W. , and the Jembaicumbene creek about 4 miles N. There are also 
numerous small watercourses in the neighbourhood, flowing into the Araluen valley. 
The district is an alluvial mining one, although many efforts are being made to dis- 
cover payable quartz. The principal diggings are known as Major's creek flat, Bill's 
creek, and Deep creek. The nearest townships are Braidwood, (the next telegraph sta- 
tion) 10 miles N. ; Araluen, 6 miles S. ; (along a mountain road exceedingly pictur- 
esque, the head of which is 2275 feet above the sea level). With these places there 
are no regular means of conveyance, the mail being carried on horseback. With 
Sydney, 190 miles N.N.E., the communication is by Cobb's coach from Braidwood, 
via. Goulburn to Picton, and thence by rail ; or by coach from Braidwood to the 
Clyde river, and thence by steamer. Major's creek has a post office and an Odd Fel- 
lows' lodge. The hotels are the George (Ellis's), and the Elrington (Heazlitt's), on 



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the road from Major's creek to Araluen, and about two-thirds up the hill is a singular 
hole in its precipitous side ; from this hole issues, after wet weather, a stream of 
slate and stones for 2 or 3 days. It is probable that this is the vent hole to some im- 
mense subterranean cavern, where various gases accumulate until the state of the 
atmosphere forces them out. The surrounding country is elevated and mountainous. 
The population of Major's creek numbers about 200 persons. The geological forma- 
tion is pegmatitic porphyry, and a hornblendic and micaceous variety of it. Farther 
up the creek, and at the point at which there is no further progress, is a dyke of 
intrusion of hardened unmicaceous porphyritic rock, which forms the top of a lofty 
waterfall. 

MAJOR'S CREEK ( Co. St. Vincent) is an important auriferous tributary of the 
upper part of the Araluen creek, flowing from near the township of Elrington through 
the Major's creek gold field into the main stream near the road from Braid wood to 
Moruya. Granite, trap rock, and metamorphic slate. 

MALADY'S (or the Peak) {Co. Wallace) is an elevation in the ranges between 
the counties of Wallace on the W., and Wellesley on the E., lying about 10 miles 
W. of Nimmitabel. This peak attains an elevation of 3880 feet above the level of 
the sea, according to the measurement of the Rev. W. B. Clarke. Lower silurian. 

MALAGADERY SPRINGS STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Ramsay, 
Davis ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

MALAKH0FF STATION {Albert district); occupiers, Cunningham and Ma- 
credie ; area, 128,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £50. 

MALARAWAY STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Eckford, John ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. Old charges, £50 ; new ap- 
praisement, £115. 

MALINGAH (or Yenda) STATION {Darling district) ; occupiers, Reid, Wil- 
liam L. and R. T. ; area, 52,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£35. 

MALLAMBRAY STATION {Albert district) ; occupiers, Jamison, H. andB.; 
area, 76, 100 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £30 > new appraise- 
ment, £45. 

MALLARA STATION {Albert district); occupier, Young, George; area, 
63,360 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £120. 

MALLEE CLIFFS STATION {Darling district) ; occupiers, McFarlane and 
McDonald ; area, 20,480 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £40 ; 
new appraisement, £70. 

MALLI0N FOREST STATION {Murrumbidgee district); occupier, Ledger, J.; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

MALL0WA BRANCH (Co. Courallie, Gwydir district) is a S. outlet of the 
Gwydir river, conveying part of its overflow, during flood season, into the Moonin 
creek. It flows through pastoral country, consisting of grassy and polygonum flats. 
Granite, with alluvial and swamp deposit. 

MALLYAN STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Watt, W. R.; area, 10,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £25 ; the recently 
appraised rental is £15. 

MAL00L STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Officer, H. S.; estimated 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £140 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £170. 

MANARA STATION {Albert district); occupiers, Slaughton, S. F., S. T., and 
S. G. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

MANDAGERY CREEK {Co. Ashbumham). See Byrne's Creek. 

MANDAMAR STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Lovet and Possy ; area, 
17,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Cannonbar. 
Charges, £28. 

MANDRY STATION {Lachlan district); occupier, Goodwin, Mrs. 0.; area, 30,72a 



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[Man 



acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old charges were £61 17s. 6d. ; the 
recently appraised rental is £80. 

MANDOE STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Codrington, C. J. and A.; area, 
80,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2400 head of cattle. The old charges were £130 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £300. 

MAND0RAN STATION {BUgh district) ; occupier, Richardson, R. M. ; esti- 
mated area, 10,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £15. 

MAND0WEY CREEK STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Keys, J. EL; 
area, 76,800 acres ; grazing capability, 18,000 sheep. The old charges were £80 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £110. 

MANDURAMA PONDS CREEK [Co, Bathurst) is a chain of ponds, connected 
in wet weather only, draining some swampy country lying between the townships of 
Lyndhurst and Somers, on the N. , and the Abercrombie river on the S. These ponds 
flow in wet weather through Somers township into the Grubbenbun creek, being 
crossed by the road from Blayney to Canowindra. T. Icely has a large tract of 
tolerably good agricultural land on this creek. Lower silurian, with recent alluvial 
drift. 

MANER00 PLAINS (Co. Beresford). See Monaro Plains. 
MANEE STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Picketson, Henry ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

MANE'S CREEK {Co. Selwyn.) See Tooma River. 

MANGAR00 CREEK (Co. Cook) is a tributary of Cox's river. Sandstone. 

MANGOPLAH STATION [Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Cox and Crisp ; 
area, 25,600 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. The charges on this station, with 
Mangoplah N. E. , and Caigan creek, were formerly £80 ; Mangoplah alone is now 
appraised at £65. 

MANGROVE CREEK {Co. Clarence) is a N. tributary of the Clarence river, 
joining it to the N.E. of Ashby. Sandstone and alluvial drift. 

MANGROVE CREEK {Co. Northumberland) is a. postal village in the electo- 
ral district of the Wollombi, and police district of Brisbane water. It lies on a 
creek flowing into the N. bank of the mouth of the Hawkesbury river. The district is 
an agricultural one, maize being the principal product. The nearest place is Gosford, 
the communication being by horse or dray only. With Sydney, 68 miles S., the comma- 
nication is by horse or dray to Wiseman's ferry, 15 miles W., thence by steamer to 
Windsor, 30 miles, and thence by train. The surrounding country is mountainous, 
and is heavily timbered. The geological formation is sandstone. The population num- 
bers about 250 persons. 

MANGROVE CREEK (Co. Northumberland) is a N. tributary of the lower 
part of the Hawkesbury river. It is fed by the Kangrah, Barbarah, Tingarajah, 
Kooree, Waree-Warrah, Bedlam, Ironbark, Hominy and Papran creeks, and flows 
through good pastoral and agricultural land. It forms a wide estuaiy, overgrown 
with mangrove trees and scrub at its lower end, whence the name. Sandstone. 

MANGROVE ISLAND (Co. Northumberland) is a small island in the Broad- 
water, Brisbane water. Alluvial deposit. 

MANILDRA CREEK (Co. Ashbwrnham) is one of the heads of Byrnes' creek. 

See Byrne's Creek. 

MANILDRA STATION" {Wellington district) ; occupier, Towns, Stewart, and 
Forlonge ; area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

MANILLA, 30° 43' S. lat., 150° 40' E. long. (Co. Darling), is a postal town- 
ship in the electoral district of Liverpool plains, and police district of Tamworth. 
It is situated on the Namoi river, near the junction of the of the Manilla river. The 
district is a pastoral and cpaartz-mining one, the nearest diggings being the Ironbark 
or Wood's reef, about 40 * miles distant ; Tamworth (the next telegraph station) lies 
about 25 miles S. ; and Barraba, about 30 miles N. , there being no conveyance to those 
places, and the mail being carried on horseback. With Sydney, 275 miles S.E., the 



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communication is by coach from Tamworth to Singleton, tlience by rail to Newcastle, 
and tlience by steamer. There is 1 hotel, the Manilla inn, and a population of about 
50 persons in and round the township. Sandstone and hornblendic granite. 

MANILLA MINOR STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Richardson, 
Alexander H. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Manilla. Charges, £20. 

MANILLA RIVER (Co. Darling, Liver pool plains district) is a fine auriferous 
stream, rising in the S. E. slope of the Nundawar range, and flowing S. E. and S. S. E. , 
through the township of Barraba and the Ironbark gold field, into the Namoi river 
at Manilla, after a course of about 65 miles through fine undulating pastoral country. 
It is fed by the Hawkins, Connor's, Barraba, Nangahra, Eumur, Hoskinson's, Tar- 
porley, and Borah creeks. The geological formation is granitic. 

MANILLA STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Rouse, E. and 
G. ; estimated area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. The 
nearest post town is Manilla. The old charges were £30 ; the recently appraised 
rental is £150. 

MANLY BEACH (Co. Cumberland) is a fine sandy beach at the head of 
Manly cove, having a steamboat pier for landing and taking up passengers to and 
from Brighton. Sandstone. 

MANLY (or Brighton) (Co. Cumberland) is a pleasant suburban village, lying 
between Manly beach and the Pacifiic ocean, on the isthmus of the N. head of port 
Jackson. It is much frequented by visitors on Sundays and at holiday times. There 
are several good hotels at Manly, the principal being the Steyne (Lambourne's), 
Clarendon (Homer's), and Pier (Lawrence's). Manly has a post office and a camera 
tower. The walk along the beach is most pleasant, and the air of the locality is pure 
and invigorating. The communication with Sydney is by steamers from the Circular 
quay throughout the day. 

MANLY COVE (Co. Cumberland) is a fine open roadstead, lying on the N.E. 
part of the North harbour of port Jackson. There is good anchorage, with a sandy 
bottom on the S. E. side of the cove, and a steamboat pier on the sandy beach to the 
N., where the village of Manly, or Brighton, is situated. It was named by Governor 
Phillip on the 23rd January, 1788. In passing near a point of land in the harbour, 
the boats were observed by many of the natives, 20 of whom waded, unarmed, into 
the water, received what was offered them, and minutely examined the boat. Their 
manly behaviour induced Governor Phillip, who was highly pleased with it, to give 
the place the name of Manly cove. 

MANNA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Miller, Joseph ; area, 16,000 
. acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Forbes. 
Charges, £260. 

MANNA CREEK (Co. Gipps, Lachlan district) is a name given to the lower 
end of the Yeo-Yeo creek, where it drains the overflow of lake Cowal into the Bogan- 
dillan lagoon. Sandstone and slate. 

MANNA MOUNT (Co. Gipps) is a solitary hill, lying in the vast plain between 
the Lachlan and Murrumbidgee rivers, and a few miles S. of Condobolin. Slate and 
schists. 

MANNERING BAY (Co. Northumberland). See Lake Macquarie. 

MANNERING (or Dora) CREEK (Co. Northumberland) is a fine stream, 
rising in mount Warrawolong, and flowing across the Maitland and Gosford road into 
lake Macquarie. Sandstone. 

MANNING MOUNT (Co. Northumberland) is a high peak in the parish of 
Lockyer, and on the W. side of the road from Maitland to Sydney, via Wollombi, of 
which place it lies about 12 miles S. to the mountains in the neighbourhood, and 
usually known as Dowling range. Sandstone. 

MANNING RIVER HEADS (Co. Macquarie). See Harrington Inlet. 

MANNING RIVER ( Cos. Gloucester and Macquarie) is a fine large river, navi- 
gable for a considerable distance for small craft, and rising in the hilly country near 
• Omadale, whence it flows in a general E. direction through rugged, well-timbered 



336 



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[Man — Mab 



country (highly suited to agriculture) into the sea by 2 principal mouths about 32° S. 
lat., after a course of about 100 miles, in which it drains a tract of country extending 
over about 3000 square miles. The two main entrances or mouths of this river are 
known as Harrington inlet, to the N. , and Farquhar inlet, to the S. , the delta lying 
between, consisting of Oxley's and Mitchell's islands. The Manning separates the 
county of Gloucester, on the S. , from that of Macquarie, on the N. It was named 
by R. Dawson, Esq. , in honour of the then deputy governor of the Australian Agri- 
cultural company. It is fed by the Barnard, Gloucester, Nowendoc, Dawson, and 
Lansdowne rivers, and by the Khatambul, Woolshed, Dingo, Pahpoo, Dickenson's, 
Waramba, Berady, Milbai, Fattorini, Burril, and Belbora creeks. The soil on both 
banks is good, and much of it is taken up by small settlers, who grow general farm 
produce. The back country furnishes the Sydney market with fine and valuable 
timber of various kinds, cedar being found in considerable quantities, and of good 
quality. The Manning river passes the townships of Wingham, Tinonee, and Cundle- 
town. The geological formation is sandstone and limestone. 

Manning river is a police district, embracing the S. portion of the county of 
Macquarie and the N. E. portion of the county of Gloucester ; commencing at Camden 
haven, and bounded thence on the E. by the sea, S., to the entrance of Wallis' lake, 
about 4 miles, N.W., from cape Hawke ; on the S. by a line, W., through Wallis' 
lake to the mouth of the Wollomba river, and by that river to the E. boundary of the 
Australian Agricultural company's grant of 464,640 acres ; on the W. by that boun- 
dary, bearing N. , to the corner of the grant near Millstone hill, thence by a line, 
bearing N.W., to the confluence of the Manning and Gloucester rivers, by the Manning 
river, upward, to the confluence of the Barnard river, and thence by a line bearing 
N.E., to mount Sea View, to the range dividing the waters of the Maiming and 
Hastings rivers ; and on the N. by that range, E. , and by the range from that range 
dividing the waters of Queen's and Watson Taylor's lakes to the North Brother moun- 
tain, and thence by a line, E., to Camden haven, aforesaid. The places of petty 
sessions are Wingham, Cundletown, and Taree. 

MANNUS CREEK STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Downey, 
Robert; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

MANNUS STATION {Murrumbidgee district); occupier, McMicking, Robert ; 
estimated area, 30,000 acres; grazing capability, 1120 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £70 ; the recently appraised rental is £78 10s. 

MANQBALAR MOUNT {Co. Brisbane) is a high hill, lying a few miles to the 
N.E. of Wickham. Carbonaceous sandstone. 

MAN-OF-WAR BAY {Co. Cumberland). See Farm Cove. 

MAN0MANGA STATION { Wellington district); occupier, unknown; estimated 
area, uncertain ; grazing capability, uncertain. The old charges were £80 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £150. 

MANTON'S CREEK {Co. King) is a N. tributary of the Yass river, rising in 
mount Mandomen, flowing S.W. about 8 miles, and falling into the main stream about 
4 miles E. of the township of Yass, after a course through rough pastoral and agricul- 
tural country. Limestone and shale. 

MANWANGA STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Allen, George ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Bourke. 
Charges, £340. 

MANWANGA STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Broadbent, E. ; area, 
36,500 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Bourke. 
Charges, £277. 

MANWANGA BACK STATION {Warrego district); occupier, Smith, Thomas 
Arkell ; area, 38,400 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Bourke. Charges, £50. 

MAPPERTY STATION {Lacldan district) ; occupier, Marino, Carlo ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the recently ap- 
praised rental is £40. 

M ARAB A CREEK {Co. Leichhardt, Bligh district) is an E. tributary of the Castle- 
reagh river, draining the swampy pastoral country, lying to the S.W. of Barabool plains. 



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337 



It is crossed at Bullaroora by the road from Coonamble to Walgett, via Bungle gully 
and Cosagra. Pliocene tertiary and alluvial deposit on silurian rocks. 

MARACKET MOUNT (Co. Goulburn) is a high peak of the Jingellee mountains, 
overhanging the Murray river, about 5 miles in a straight line E. of the village of 
Talmalino. Micaceous schist and granite. 

MARACKET STATION (M urrumbidgee district); occupier, Strachan, John; 
estimated area, 4446 acres ; grazing capability, 300 head of cattle. The nearest post 
town is Albury. The old charges were £24 Is. 3d. ; the recently appraised rental is 
£10. 

MARA CREEK STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Cope, Joseph ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1500 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£34 ; the recently appraised rental is £155. 

MARAGLE BACK CREEK (Co. Selwyn), a small tributary of Maragle creek. 
Granite and trap rock. 

MARAGLE CREEK (Co. Selwyn) is a tributary of the Tumberumba creek, 
rising in the S.E. end of Mane's range, and flowing W. past the S. of Maragle hill, 
through a tolerably grassed scrubby country, about 20 miles. It is liable to sudden 
floods°from the melting of snow in the ranges, and is fed by Maragle Back creek. 
Granite, trap rock, and shale. 

MARAGLE FIELD (Co. Selwyn) an undulating grassy plain, lying between 
Maragle and Cowra creeks, to the W. of Mane's range. Gold in small quantities 
has been found in the locality. Granite, shale, and slate. 

MARAGLE STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Dight and Hay ; 
estimated area, 49,640 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post 
town is Tumberumba. The old charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental 
is £39. 

MARA-MARA CREEK (Co. Cumberland) is a small creek, falling into the 
head of Broken bay, on its S. side. Sandstone. 

MARANGULLA CREEK (Co. Bathurst) is a small tributary of the Belubula 
river, flowing N. through the township of Euro. Lower silurian, with recent surface 
drift. 

MARARA (or Yarara) CREEK (Co. Goulburn), a small W. tributary of the 
upper portion of the Coppabella creek. It rises in Mane's range, and flows S. throixgh 
broken auriferous country. The geological formation is granitic. 

MARAR STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Jones, A. G. ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £121. 

MAREB0NE STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Perry, Mary; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 2500 sheep. The old charges were £32 10s. ; the recently 
appraised rental is £60. 

MARENGO, 34° 22' S. lat., 148° 30' E. long. (Co. Monteagle), is a post town in 
the parish of Marengo, and electoral district of Yass plains. It is situated on the 
Marengo creek, 12 miles S. from the Crowther creek, 14 miles E. from the Burrangong 
creek, and 17 miles N.W. from the Boorowa river. The nearest range of mountains 
of any importance are the Stewart's Gap range, a long low spur of the Australian Alps., 
Marengo is in an agricultural and pastoral district, having no mills or manufactories. 
The nearest gold held is that of Lambing flat, otherwise Young or Burrangong, an 
alluvial diggings about 14 miles W. The nearest townships are Young, 14 miles W. ; 
Boorowa, 18 miles, S.S.E. ; and Bong-Bong, or Koorowatha, 20 miles N.E. With 
these places there 1 are no means of communication except by private vehicles, the 
mails being carried on horseback. The communication with Sydney is from Young 
by Boberts's coach to Yass, and then by Cobb's line, via Goulburn, the distance being 
239 miles. There is a National school, doing much good, in the township ; it has been 
established about 5 years, and is under the management of Mr. R. S. Stephens. 
There is only 1 hotel, the Traveller's Best ; and 1 local magistrate, J. Pring, Esq. , 
all disputes of a legal nature being decided by the bench at Young. The surrounding 
country is slightly undulating, with occasional ridges and small flats of excellent soil. 
About 5 years ago it was in a very thriving state, supporting 2 hotels and 3 stores in 
the township, being the nearest to the agricultural district of Bland's plains ; the dis- 
covery of the Burrangong gold-fields, however, interrupted the traffic with Bland, and 



338 



diverted it into another direction, thus causing the gradual decay of Marengo • the 
rapid manner in which the agricultural land is being taken up by free selectors, how- 
ever, promises to revive it in a very short time. The population of Marengo and 
suburbs numbers about 150 persons. The geological formation is granite and lime- 
stone, with much alluvial deposit. 

MARENGO STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Scarr, Mrs. Ann ■; area, 
38,400 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Marengo. The old charges were £90 ; the recently appraised rental is £150. 

MARENGO STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Brown, Joseph; area, 
19,200 acres; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Old charges, £54 13s. 9d. ; new 
appraisement, £50. 

MARGAL0NG RIVER (Co. Wallace). See Snowy River. 

MARGAR0 STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Peters, John; area, 64,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 10s. 

MARGEBUNDA STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Baldwin, Otto ; area, 
30,720 acres ; grazing capability, 2080 head of cattle. The" old charges were £130 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £135. 

MARINUMBLA STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Rutherford, William ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1500 head of cattle. Charges, £130 6s. 3d. 

MARI0PA STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Allison, Mathew ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

MARIA'S LAKE STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, O'Sullivan, D. and S.; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £30; 
the recently appraised rental is £104. 

MARIA'S RIVER (Co. Macquarie) is an E. tributary of Wilson's river, 
flowing in a S.E. direction through the village of Maria ville. Sandstone. 

MARIAVILLE (Co. Macquarie) is a small agricultural settlement, situated on 
Maria's river, 8 miles S. of Kempsey. 

MARIVARRE STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Ligar, W. G. ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

MARL0W (Co. St. Vincent) is a small agricultural village, lying on the road from 
Braidwood to the Shoalhaven district, and on the E. side of the Shoalhaven river, 
about 16 miles N. of Braidwood. Granite, trap rock, and limestone. 

MAR00L CREEK STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Mackay, Alexander ; 
area, 50,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Charges, £40. 

MAR00MBILI (or Stockyard) CREEK (Co. Wellington) is a tributary of the 
Louisa creek, flowing from the table land of the Louisa creek diggings. It is fed by 
the Merriangledre (or Scabbing Yard) creek. Metamorphic. 

MAR0UBRA BAY (Co. Cumberland) is a rocky bight in the coast, lying 
between port Jackson and Botany bay, about 8 miles S. of the entrance to port 
Jackson. Sandstone. 

MAR0N0 STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Mackay, G. E. ; area, 60,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32. 

MARRA CREEK ( Co. Clyde) is a S. tributary of the Barwon river, flowing in a 
N. direction, through sparsely-grassed sandy country, lightly scrubbed, and subject to 
inundation. Pliocene tertiary. 

MARRICKVILLE ( Co. Cumberland) is a municipal village, suburban to Syd- 
ney, in the parish of Petersham, electoral district of Canterbury, and police district of 
Sydney. It is situated on the Addison road, about 4 miles S. W. of the Sydney post 
office, and 1 mile S.W. of Newtown. The municipality of Marrick ville is bounded on 
the N. by Newtown, on the S. by Cook's river, on the E. by a line drawn from En- 
more to Cook's river, running parallel with the Cook's River road, and on the W. by 
Petersham. With Sydney there is communication from Enmore (a small hamlet 
partly within the municipality, and within half a mile of the village) by omnibus 
thrice a day, and from Newtown every 10 minutes. There is a parcel delivery office in 



Mar] The Xew South Wales Gazetteer. 339 



the village, where goods are Looked for Sydney, per 1 horse van. There are 2 soap and 
■candle factories, 3 brick yards, and a tannery in Marrickville, and the land, which is 
generally fine alluvial soil, is laid out for market gardens, a pursuit for which it is well 
adapted. Marrickville has a post office, a municipal council chamber, the council consisting 
<of a chairman (Captain Aniner) and 6 councillors, a National school (at which the attendance 
averages about 80 children), and 1 hotel, the Stanmore. The surrounding country is 
generally flat. The geological formation is ferruginous sandstone, with alluvial, and, in 
some places, fluviatile drift, and the population numbers about 800 persons. Marrick- 
ville municipality was proclaimed ] st November, 1861. The estimated annual value 
of rateable property within it is £8000, from which, including government aid, it de- 
rived, in the year 1804, an income of £757 14s. 8d. Its expenditure during that 
year was £852 8s. 8d. The extent of its roads and streets is 20 miles, and the 
number of registered electors 273. 

MARRIE LOWER STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Chadwick, Nicholas; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £35. 

MARRIE UPPER STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Chadwick, Nicholas; 
area, 23,040 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £35 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £175. 

MARR0WAN STATION (New England district) • occupier, Mclnnes, Finlay ; 
.area, 17,000 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. The old charges were £41 7s.; the 
recently appraised rental is £100. 

MARSDEN'S CREEK (Co. Cumberland) is a small creek, flowing near the village 
•of Dural, on the N. road from Parramatta to Wiseman's ferry. Sandstone. 

MARSH ALLM0UNT (Co. Camden) is a small agricultural and dairy settle- 
ment, lying about 4 miles W. of Dapto, and on the E. slope of the Illawarra range. 

MARSDEN MOUNT (Co. Roxburgh). See Clandulla Mount. 

MARTAGUY CREEK (Co. Ewenmair) is an E. tributary of the lower end of 
the Macquarie river, rising near the township of Mendooran, and flowing for a con- 
siderable distance in a general N.W. direction through lightly scrubbed pastoral 
country into the mam stream near its fall into the Bar won. Pliocene tertiary. 

MARTHAGUY BACK STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Flood, Edward ; 
-area, 23,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £35. 

MARTHAGrUY CREEK STATION (Bligh district) • occupier, Healey, James ; 
-area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old charges, £30 ; new 
appraisement, £60. 

MARTHAGUY STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Brownlow, Richard ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old charges, £36 ; new 
appraisement, £50. 

MARTHAGUY STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Friend, Charles ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £36 10s. 

MARTHAGUY STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Neale, John Thomas ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 lis. 

MARTHAGUY STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Flood, Edward ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were .£40 ; the re- 
cently appraised rental is £50. 

MARULAN, 34° 43' S. lat., 150° E. long. (Co. Argyle\ is a postal township in 
the electoral district of Argyle, and police district of Goulburn. It is situated on the 
Marulan creek, near its junction with the Shoalhaven river, and within 6 miles S.W. 
of the Wollondilly river. It lies on the Great Southern road, Goulburn being 18 miles 
W. , and Bungonia, 9 miles S. , with both of which places there is communication by 
•Oobb's coach. The nearest telegraph station is at Goulburn, and the nearest district 
com-t at the same place. With Sydney, 112 miles N.E., the communication is by 
Cobb's coach to Picton, and thence by rail. The hotels are the Woolpack and the 
Golden Fleece. The surrounding country is flat. The population, chiefly agricultural, 
numbers about 500 persons. The geological formation is porphyritic, supporting- 
masses of conglomerate and sandstone, which have been hardened and much disturb el 
at the planes of contact. The base of the porphyritic rocks is a petro-silex, with muck 



340 



hornblende mixed with the felspar. The base is so predominant as to give the rock 
the character of a cornean, and also to pass it into syenite. There are numerous ridges 
of limestone in the neighbourhood, passing into statuary marble, and white and crys- 
talline where it comes into contact with slate, having quartzite and thick bands of 
rich ironstone. 

MARULE SPRINGS STATION [Lachlan district) ; occupier, Moffatt, Thomas 
De S. ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £60. 

MARYDALE STATION {Clarence district) • occupier, Laycock, Maurice 
Coimell ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £10. 

MARYLAND [Co. Buller) is a postal village in the electoral and police 
districts of Tenterfield. It is situated on a creek flowing into the Clarence, and on 
the main N. road, and is about 1^ mile S.E. of the boundary of Queensland. Tenter- 
held is 41 miles S., and Warwick (Queensland) 30 miles N. The communication is 
by horse or dray only. With Sydney, 565 miles S. , the communication is by coach 
from Armidale to Singleton, thence by rail to Newcastle, and thence by steamer. 
Maryland has a branch of the Sydney Insurance company. The district is a pastoral 
one, and is mountainous and scrubby. The population is small. Sandstone and 

MARYLAND STATION {Clarence district) ; occupier, Marsh, M. H. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Mary- 
land. Old charges, £200 ; the recently appraised rental is £240. 

MARYLAND No. 1 STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Forlonge, WiUiam; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31 Is. 

MARYLAND No. 2 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Forlonge, William ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31 Is. ' 

MARY-MARY BACK RUN STATION {Albert district) ■ occupier, Acres, 
Edward H. Albert ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing caj>ability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

MARY-MARY STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Suttor, WiUiam Henry ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £54. 

MARY RIVER {Co. Gordon). See Little Rive*. 

MARYVILLE STATION (Clarence district) ; occupier, Small, Thomas, jun. ; 
area, 17,920 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

MAT AG AN A CREEK {Co. Auckland) is a N. tributary of the upper part of 
the Towamba river, crossing the road from Panbula to Cathcart, at the township of 
Wyndham. Granite, passing into porphyry and traversed by dykes of quartz. 

MATAN0NG PLAINS STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Palmer, 
Marphy, and Henty ; area, 19,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The 
nearest post town is Booligal. The old charges were £30 4s. ; the recently appraised 
rental is £75. 

MATCHEM'S for Matthew's) CREEK {Co. Buccleugh) is a small S. tribu- 
tary of the Murrumbidgee river, rising in the elevated land in the N. part of the 
county, and flowing N. about 6 miles through broken scrubby country. Trap rock 
and slate. 

MATE'S GULLY {Co. Wynyard) is a small creek, flowing through unsurveyed 
country from mount Bijengun. It is supposed to fall into Coreinbob creek. Granite 
and trap rock. 

MATH0URA (or Redbank) {Co. Cadell) is a small wayside village, lying on 
the road from Moama to Deniliquin, and on the Grapna creek. The coaches between 
the two places named change horses at this place. 

MATILDADALE STATION {Clarence district) ; occupier, Powell, G. R.; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £10. 

MAT0NG PEAK {Co. Wallace) ; a solitary hill in the beautiful, bold, undulat- 
ing plain country to the S. of Buckley's crossing place, and overhanging the Matong 
creek. Trap rock and schists. 

MATONG STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Napier, Robert ; area, 32,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 1500 head of cattle. Charges, £150. 



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341 



MATTA (or Aiton) MOUNT (Lachlan district) ; this mountain is situated in 
the centre of the Lachlan district, to the N. of Jones's hill ; it declines in the front 
about 15 degrees from the perpendicular, and the rocks are composed of a hard, sandy 
freestone. 

MATTHEW'S CREEK (Co. Buccleugh). See Matchem's Creek. 

MAUDE, 34° 28' S. lat., 144° 27' E. long. (Co. Waradgery), is a postal town- 
ship, in the electoral district of Murrumbidgee, and police district of Wagga-Wagga. 
It is situated on the N. bank of the Murrumbidgee river, about 35 miles W. of Hay, 
and 60 miles E. of Ralranald. The Budgee-Budgee creek flows 24 miles distant, and 
in flood time completely surrounds the township. There is abundance of fine clay in 
the neighbourhood, of which excellent bricks are made. The district is, however, 
altogether a pastoral one. The nearest township is Oxley, on the N. bank of the 
Lachlan river. It is as yet, however, only a surveyed township. There is bi-weekly 
mail communication by horse between Maude, Hay, and Balranald, also communica- 
tion by river steamer during flood season. With Sydney, 507 miles N.E., the commu- 
cation is by horse or dray to Yass, thence by coach to Picton, and thence by rail. 
Maude has a monthly court of petty sessions, a post office, and 1 hotel, the Maude 
Punt. The country is low and level, and to a great extent covered with saltbush. 
A road is contemplated to Menindee or Perry, on the Darling river, which it is pro- 
posed to render available by sinking wells along its course. When finished, it will be 
only about half the length of the present track. The population numbers about 30 
persons. Pliocene tertiary. 

MAULE'S CREEK (Liverpool plains district) is a N. tributary of the Namoi 
river, rising in the S. E. spurs of the Nundawar range, and flowing S. E. and S. W. through 
rich pastoral country into the main stream between Bogabri and Turrawan. It is fed by 
Cox's, Oaky, Pinnacle, Stony, and Horsham creeks. The geological formation is 
basaltic, with deep black alluvial deposit, the underlying rock occasionally cropping 
out in the form of small columns. 

MAYO'S HILL (Co. Harden) is a lofty hill, lying on the E. bank of the De- 
mondrille creek, in the S.E. part of the Wombat diggings. Slate, granite, and lime- 
stone. 

MEADOW FLAT, 33° 18' S. lat., 149° 58' E. long. (Co. Roxburgh), is a small 
postal township, in the parish of Falnash, and electoral district of E. Macquarie, 
situated on the Meadow flat or Scott's creek, and 3^ miles from mount Lambie. The 
district is almost entirely agricultural, a considerable quantity of land being taken 
up in the neighbourhood by small farmers. Gold is also found in small quantities in 
the neighbourhood, but it does not pay for the search. The nearest places are 
Bathurst, 25 miles W.; Frying Pan, 8 miles W.; and Bowenfels, 18 miles E. There 
is communication by the main road, on which the township is situated, by Cobb's 
mail coaches and vans with those places, and with Sydney, 98 miles E. , by coach to 
Penrith, and thence by train. The nearest hospital and telegraph station is at 
Bathurst. There is 1 first-class hotel at Meadow flat, the Crown Inn (Durack's), which 
is also the booking office for Cobb's coaches. The surrounding country is varied, be- 
ing composed of high hills, deep valleys, and fertile but small undulating plains. The 
climate during 9 months of the year is really splendid and very healthy, but during 
the depth of winter the snow frequently covers the country to a considerable depth. 
The district produces nearly every fruit which can be grown in England, in the high- 
est perfection. There is a post office, a good general store, and a National school ; 
.also a Wesleyan chapel, and a Presbyterian kirk in the township. The population, 
including outlying homesteads, numbers about 300 persons. The geological forma- 
tion is limestone, granite, and clayey shale and slate. 

MEADOW FLAT CREEK (Co. Roxburgh) is an E. tributary of the Diamond 
Swamp creek, rising in the W. slope of the Blue mountain range, to the N. of Honey- 
suckle hill, and flowing S.W. through the village of Meadow flat about 8 miles. It 
waters some good agricultural land, most of which is taken up by Messrs. Mitchell, 
Lowson, and numerous small settlers. Upper and middle palaeozoic. 

MEADOW PLAINS (Co. Jamison) is a tract of fine land suitable for agriculture, 
lying on Burren creek, 25 miles N. of Narrabri. Granite, with deep black alluvial soil. 

.MEADOW PONDS (Co. Jamieson, Liverpool plains) is a chain of waterholes 



342 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Mea — Mel 



flowing in wet weather into the Welcome ponds near Narrabri, and draining the flat 
pastoral country to the N.E. of that township. Basalt, with deep black alluvia! 
deposit. 

MEADOWS (Co. Wellington) is a small postal township in the electoral and 
police districts of Orange. It is situated on the Molong rivulet, 5 miles N. of the 
Canobolas, the highest mountain in the western district, attaining as it does an altitude 
of 4010 feet. In the W. spurs of this mountain gold is found, and copper in the E. 
ones. The district is purely agricultural, the land in the neighbourhood being mostly 
purchased and much of it taken up under the new Land Act. From the number of 
industrious families settled upon the land, there is little doubt that it will shortly be 
a thriving and wealthy locality. The nearest town is Orange, 4 miles E., with which 
place the only means of communication is on horseback, the mail being conveyed in 
that manner once a week. With Sydney, 160 miles E., the communication is by 
coach from Orange to Penrith, and thence by rail. There are no hotels nearer than 
those in Orange, where the nearest telegraph office is stationed. The surrounding- 
country is undulating, the geological formation is granitic (hornblendic), there being 
numerous boulders and pliocene tertiary deposit. The inhabitants, generally indus- 
trious and steady, number about 180 persons. 

MEADOWS CREEK (Co. Gordon) is a small creek at the head of the Wylandra 
creek. Slate and shale. 

MEADOWS STATION ( Wellington district) • occupier, Neil, Angus ; area, 2000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £50 ; the recently 
appraised rental is £66. 

MEADOWS STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Roche, John ; area,. 
18,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £50 ; new appraisement, 
£66. 

MEA MIA BLOCK (A) STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Kirk and 
Goldsborough ; area, 24,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Booligal. Charges, £32 10s. 

MEA MIA BLOCK (C) STATION (Lachlan < district) • occupiers, Kirk and 
Goldsborough ; area, 70,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The 
nearest post town is Booligal. Charges, £31. 

MEA MIA STATION [Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Kirk and Goldsborough ;-. 
estimated area, 25,600 acres ; grazing capability, 900 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Booligal. The old charges were £54 13s. 9d. ; the recently appraised 
rental is £101 10s. 

MEARIMBA MOUNT (Co. B idler). See Obelisk N. Mount. 

MED0WAY STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Giles, Thomas ; estimated 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1500 sheep. The old charges were £40; the 
recently appraised rental is £35. 

MEEKHAM (Co. Cook), one of the original districts of the county, bounded on 
the S. by Phillip district ; on the E. by the Hawkesbury river, to the second branch ; 
and on the W. by a line from the N.W. corner of Phillip district, to the second branch.. 

MEEKIN STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Fitzgerald, Robert ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1600 head of cattle. The old charges were £100 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £250. 

MEGAL0NG CREEK ( Co. Westmoreland) is a tributary of Cox's river. Sand- 
stone. 

MEILWAU STATION (Darling district); occupier, Ross, William; area, 24,800 
acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The old charges were £54 ; the recently ap- 
praised rental is £180. 

MELDI0R STATION (Lachlan district) • occupier, Sheppard, Isaac, jun. ; area,, 
40,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Charges, £40. 

MELIALLING STATION {Gwydir district); occupier, Blake, Andrew; area,. 
30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £30 ; the recently 
appraised rental is £80. 



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343 



MELPOSE STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Rawsthorne, James ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

MELROSE PLAINS BLOCK (A) STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, 
Parker, Hugh ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 15s. 

MELROSE PLAINS BLOCK (B) STATION ( Wellington district) { occupier, 
Parker, Hugh; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 15s. 

MELROSE PLAINS BLOCK (C) STATION {Wellington district); occupier, 
Parker, Hugh; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 15s. 

MELROSE PLAINS BLOCK (D) STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, 
Parker, Hugh ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 15s. 

MELROSE PLAINS BLOCK (E) STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, 
Parker, Hugh ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 15s. 

MELROSE PLAINS BLOCK (F) STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, 
Parker, Hugh ; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 15s. 

MELROSE PLAINS BLOCK (I) STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, 
Parker, Hugh ; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 15s. 

MELVILLE ( Co. Cumberland) is one of the original districts of the county, 
bounded on the S. side by that part of Cabramatta district lying between the South 
and Eastern creeks, bearing E. by the Eastern creek, to the junction of Quacker's hill 
ponds, on the N. , by a W. line to the S. creek, and on the W. by the South creek. 

MELVILLE PLAIN {Co. Pottinger) is a tract of pastoral country in the dis- 
trict of Liverpool plains, lying on the E. side of the Turrabeile creek, and to the W. 
of Gulligal and Gunnedah. Deep black alluvial mould, over an upper volcanic 
formation. 

MENAG0NG STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Matheson, Sir James ; 
area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£40 ; the recently appraised rental is £50. 

MENANGLE (orRiVERSFORD), 34° 8' S. lat., 150° 45' E. long. {Co. Camden), is 
a postal village and station on the Great Southern railway, in the parish of Menangle, 
electoral district of Camden, and police district of Narellan and Picton. It is 
situated on the Nepean river, on the road between Campbelltown and Picton, 
Carriage creek being 5 miles S., and Tagari creek, 4 miles E.N.E. The district is 
purely an agricultural one, the land being rich and fertile, and mostly taken up as 
small cultivation and grazing farms. The nearest places are, Campbelltown (the 
nearest telegraph station), 6 miles E.N.E. ; Camden, 7 miles W. N. W. ; Picton, 12 
miles S. W. ; and Appin, 7 miles S. E. The communication with Campbelltown and 
Picton is by rail, with the other places by horse or dray ; with Sydney, 40 miles, 
the communication is by rail. Menangle has a post office and 2 hotels, the Menangle 
and the Graziers' arms. There are no coach or carrying offices, although there are several 
persons who convey goods by dray from the railway station to all parts of the neigh- 
bourhood. The roads in the district are under the control of a local board. The 
surrounding country is elevated, and somewhat undulating in appearance. The 
highest range of hills in the neighbourhood is Razor Back, lying about 3 miles W., 
and running nearly N. and S. for a distance of about 8 miles. The loftiest peak 
in the range is mount Hunter. Adjoining the village is the splendid estate of 
Camden park, the residence and property of Sir William Macarthur, and James 
Macarthur, Esq. The geological formation of the neighbourhood is generally ferrugin- 
ous sandstone, there being also abundance of blue metal available for road-making. 
The population of the village numbers about 100, and that of the district about 400 
persons. 

MENAR00 PLAINS ( Co. Beresford). See Monaro Plains. 

MENDADGERY (or Bald Hills) STATION {Wellington district); occupier, 
Barton, Robert J. ; area, 15,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£40. 

MENDERIE STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Reid, David; area, 64,000' 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31. 

MEND00RAN (or Mundooran), 31° 52' S. lat., 149° 10' E. long. (Co. 



344 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Men — Mer 



Go men), is a postal township in the electoral district of the Bogan, and 
police district of Dubbo. It is sitnated on the continence of the Castlereagh river 
and the Merry goen creek, the former flowing on its N., and the latter on its S., side. 
There are numerous creeks in the neighbourhood, and a number of watercourses, 
which flow only in wet seasons. The only mountains in the locality are the Warram- 
bungle range, which lies in a N. direction, and which is known to contain silver and 
copper ore. The district is a pastoral one, the agricultural interest not having been 
sufficiently attended to to render it of any importance, although the country is 
suitable. There is a steam flour mill in the neighbourhood, just erected. The 
nearest places are, Collie, 50 miles W., and Cobbora, 20 miles S.E. With Collie the 
communication is by horse, and with Cobbora by mail coach. With Sydney, 212 miles 
S. E. , the communication is by mail coach, via Mudgee to Penrith, and thence by rail. 
Mendooran has 2 hotels, the Royal and the Carriers' Arms ; also a post office and 
mail coach booking office. The nearest telegraph station is at Mudgee, 59 miles S.E. 
The surrounding country is flat, with a slight elevation near the township. The 
geological formation is principally ferruginous sandstone. The township has a 
population numbering about 30 persons. 

MENEDEBRIE STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Borthwick, 
T. P. ; area, 21,760 acres ; grazing capability, 7500 sheep. Charges, £50. 

MENEDEBRIE STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, CadelL Thos. ; 
area, 18,560 acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. Charges, £42 16s. 3d. 

MENINDIE is a county in the pastoral district of Darling. It contains 61 
acres of alienated land. Its present boundaries, however, are open to modification. 
MENTNDIE (Co. Menindie). See Perry. 

MENTJNDAY CREEK {Co. Georgians) is a small drainage creek, flowing S.W. 
into the scrubby swamp formed by the overflow of the lower part of the Malgowrie 
creek. It is fed by the Kangaroo creek. 

MEN WONG A STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Mort. Cameron, 
and Buchanan ; area, 25,600 a.cres ; grazing capability, 1280 head of cattle. Charges, 
£80. 

MERAH STATION (Liverpool plains district)-, occupiers, Andrew, Geo., and 
Loder, John ; area, 49,920 acres ; grazing capability, 900 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £54 13s. 9d. ; the recently appraised rental is £180. 

MEREDITH FOREST (Co. Camden), is a tract of scrubby and well-timbered 
land, with soil well suited to agricultural purposes. It lies about 10 miles W. of 
Berrima. 

MERE, OUTER, STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Mackintosh, John ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Bourke. 
Charges, £30. 

MERE STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Bloxham, Henry D. ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Bourke. 
Charges, £60 10s. 

MERGAB0NE STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Christie and Went- 
worth ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £80. 

MERGLA CREEK ( Co. Camden) is a small tributary of the Kangaroo river, 
falling into it about 4 miles from its confluence with the Sholhaven river. Sandstone 
and trap rock. 

MERIC0MBENE STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Mallon, John ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £50. 

MERIJALA STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, White, Jas. F., 
and H. C. ; area, 20,480 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £50 ; the recently appraised rental is £220. 

MERIMBULA, 36° 54' 30" S. lat., 149° 55' E. long. (Co. Auckland), is a small 
postal village in the parish of Panbula, and electoral and police districts of Eden. It 
is situated on a lake of the same name, tying 10 miles N. of Eden, and 19 miles S. of 



Mer] 



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345 



Bega. The lake on which it lies is a large inlet of the sea, having a narrow entrance, 
and about 7 feet of water on the bar. Merimbula has a steam Hour mill (Marry 's), 
also a steam saw mill and bark crushing machine (Bate's). The village is a sea port, 
for the shipment of wool, tallow, and other produce of the Monaro district. At a 
distance of about 10 miles is fine land, suitable for agriculture ; at present the neigh- 
bourhood is almost exclusively pastoral. The nearest diggings are the Gulf, Delegete, 
and Kiandra, all at a considerable distance. The next towns are Panbula, 4 miles 
S.S.W., and Bega, 19 miles N.N. W., the communication being by horse, dray, or 
spring cart. With Sydney, 210 miles N. by water and 364 miles by land, the com- 
munication is by weekly steamer (Illawarra Steam Navigation company), or by 
occasional coasting vessel, also by horse or dray to Cooma, and thence overland. 
Merimbula has 4 large receiving stores, for the convenience of vessels shipping wool, 
&c. ; they are the property of the Illawarra Steam Navigation company. There are 
2 good hotels, the Merimbula Family (Henward's), and the Cherry Tree (Hammond's). 
The Illawarra Steam Navigation company's store is also a carrying office, whence 
horse and bullock teams leave daily for Bega and other parts of the Monaro district, 
and whence 2 ferry boats for passengers, and a steam punt ply across the lake. There 
is a branch of the Liverpool and London Insurance company in the village. The 
surrounding country is mountainous and thickly timbered, having a few alluvial flats 
on the margin of the lake and in the valley. The population numbers about 90 
persons. Quartziferous slate and shale, producing gold, iron, and copper ore. 

MERINDA CREEK {Co. Wellington) is a fine stream, rising in the AY. slope of the 
ranges which lie to the W. of Mudgee, and flowing through the Merinda gold field, 
into the Meroo creek. It is fed by numerous unnamed creeks, which flow in the rugged 
country near its source. The geological formation is micaceous schist and clayey 
shale, with quartz ridges and trappean dykes. 

MERINO MOUNT (Co. Rous) is a peak of the Macpherson's range, lying on the 
boundary between New South Wales and Queensland, about 25 miles W. of point 
Danger. Sandstone. 

MERINGO MOUNT ( Co. Wellesley) is a small hill on the Delegete river, lying 
near and to the Quedong lead and copper mines. Limestone. 

MERIOTSSEY, UPPER, STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Allison, M.; 
area, 11,200 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £160. 

MERMAID REEF, 31° 48' S. lat., 152° 48' E. long. {Co. Macquarie). This reef, 
on which the sea constantly breaks, lies 2\ miles from the shore. It is about a quarter 
of a mile in extent, and bears E. ^ S. from South Brothers hill. A detached sunken 
portion of the reef lies a short distance to the W. of the main rock. On attempting 
to pass between the Mermaid and the land, the (s. s. ) Prince of Wales struck on this 
hidden, but unknown danger, and was only saved from sinking by being run on shore 
near Camden haven, where she became a total wreck. This reef and its neighbourhood 
is now under examination by Captain Sidney and Mr. Hixon. The reef may be said 
to have 3 distinct knolls, the middle or main, which always shows the rock at low water ; 
the outer, bearing from itE. nearly a quarter of a mile, with 3 feet on it at low water ; 
and the inner, bearing from it (the main) N.W. by W. a little more than a quarter of a 
mile, having 5 feet on it at low water. Between the main and the outer breakers there is 
a clear channel of from 4 to 5 fathoms ; between the main and inner, 1. The water is 
discoloured and irregular in depth, ending in the knoll of 5 feet deep. The middle or 
main one always breaks, the outer one occasionally, and the inner one (being somewhat 
sheltered by the others), seldom. From the main breaker, South Brother mountain 
hears W. \ N. , and the nearest part of the beach, in the same direction, is 2 miles 
distant, and the top of Indian or Diamond head, N. by W. \ W. The clearing marks 
for the reef, which is half a mile in extent, are, outside, highest part of Indian head 
and summit of North Brother in one ; inside, the Bluff, extreme point of Indian head, 
and the high bluff, Camden head (inside the remarkable perpendicular extreme point) 
in one. 

MERIWYNEB0NE BACK STATION [Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, 
Cook, Thomas ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges] 
£30 10s. 



MEROO (or Louisa Creek), 32° 39' S. lat., 149° 26' E. long. {Co. Wellington), is 



346 The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Mer 



a postal township, in the electoral and police districts of Mudgee. It is situated on the 
river Hargraves, is an agricultural and alluvial and quartz mining district. There is 
1 quartz -crushing machine in the township. The nearest places are "VVindeyer, 6 miles 
distant S.E. , and Mudgee, 12 miles N. To these places there are no regular means 
of conveyance, communication being carried on by horse or dray. With Sydney, 168 
miles E.. the communication is from Mudgee (the next telegraph station) by coach 
to Penrith, and thence by rail. There are 2 hotel-3 in the township, the Louisa and 
the Miner's Home. The surrounding country is undulating, and surrounded with 
low mountains . The geological formation is metamorphic and quartziferous slate. 
The population of Meroo and the neighbourhood numbers about 1000 persons. 

MEROO CREEK (Co. Wellington) is a fine auriferous stream, rising in the 
scrubby hilly country near mount Bocoble, and flowing N.W. through the townships 
of Windeyer and Avisford into the Cudgegong river, on the Merinda gold field. The 
Meroo creek also separates the Louisa creek on the S. from the Meroo gold fields on 
the N. It is fed by the Campbell's, or Guyong ; Woolachlan ; Goorangoor ; Warra 
Wanda ; Tannan, or Louisa ; Berago, or Grattai ; and Merinda creeks. There are 
several patches of good agricultural land along the course of this creek, but it is best 
known for the auriferous treasure it has yielded for many years, some of the points 
upon it, Richardson's, near the town of Windeyer, and the Maitland bar, being par- 
ticularly celebrated. The geological formation is micaceous schist and shaly slate, 
with quartz ridges and occasional dykes of trappean rock. 

MER00L CREEK STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Wallis, William ; 
area, 35,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

MER0QMEEQ0THERXE STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, M'Namara, 
Brian ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

MER0WA, S., STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Chadwick, Nicholas ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £45 I2s. 
6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £83 10s. 

MERRANG CREEK (Co. Wakool), a tributary of the Wakool river, draining the 
swampy pastoral country which lies between the Murray river and the township of Jegar, 
and falling into the Wakool after a N.W. course of about 16 miles. Pliocine tertiary. 

MERRAWA STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupiers, Howe, James and John ; 
area, 55, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 1 600 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£140 ; the recently appraised rental is £175. 

MERRENDEE (or Merinda), 32° 37' S. lat., 149° 25' E. long. (Co. Wellington), 
is a postal town in the electoral and police districts of Mudgee. It is situated on the 
Merinda creek, 3 miles W. from the Cudgegong river, and 14 miles N. E. from the 
Macquarie river. The district is a mining one, the diggings being alluvial, and the 
principal ones being the Merrendee, Brua creek, and Burrendong workings. The 
nearest townships are Burrendong, 14 miles by the main road and 10 miles by the 
bridle track ; and Mudgee (the next telegraph station) 25 miles distant. With these 
places there is communication by horse or dray only ; and with Sydney, 178 miles, by 
coach from Mudgee to Penrith, and thence by rail. There is 1 hotel, the Cricketers' 
arms (Jones's). The surrounding country is elevated and mountainous, the geological 
formatiou being metamorphic and quartz -bearing slate. The population numbers 
about 120 persons. 

MERRERE BACK (E) STATION ( Warrego district); occupier, Single, John; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

MERRERE STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Smith, J. S.; area, 32,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

MERRIANGrLEDRE (or Scabbing Yard) CREEK ( Co. Wellington) is a W. 
tributary of the Maroombili creek, flowing in the table land of the Louisa creek 
diggings. Metamorphic. 

MERRIBUL CREEK (Murrumbidgee district) is a branch of the Wakool river 
at its upper end, and in the county of Townsend. It flows through flat, pastoral 
country. Pliocene tertiary. 

MERRIGAL BACK RUN STATION [Bligh district) ; occupier, M'Gregor,, 
Alex.; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 



Mer] 



347 



MERRIGAL STATION {Bligh district); occupier, M'Gregor, Alex.; area,. 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the recently 
appraised rental is £60. 

MERRIGANOURY STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Grant, J. ; area, 
30,720 acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. Old charges, £38 2s. 6d. 
newly appraised rental, £37 10s. 

MERRIG0NG RANGE {Co. Camden). See Illawarra Range. 

MERRI-MERRI {Co. Gregory). See Quambone. 

MERRI-MERRI CREEK {Cos. Ewenmair and Gregory) is a tributary of the 
lower end of the Macquarie river, flowing past the villages of Merri-Merri or Quam- 
bone. Pliocene tertiary. 

MERRIMERRIWA STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Ramsay, Davis - r 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. The nearest post town is Condo- 
bolin. Charges, £31. 

MERRINBA STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, M'Lean, John Donald;, 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

MERRINGAAH MOUNT {Co. Wellesley) is a peak in the broken range of 
rocky ridges at the junction of the Snowy and Maclaughlin rivers. Metamorphic 
slate and basalt. 

MERRINGREEH STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Feehily, John - r 
area, 30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. Charges, £37 10s. 

MERRIWA, 32° 10' S. lat., 150° 25' E. long. (Co. Brisbane), is a postal township 
in the parish of Merriwa, electoral district of the upper Hunter, and police district 
of Murrurandi. It is situated on the Merriwa creek ; the district, chiefly a pastoral 
one, being well watered by a number of small creeks running parallel to each other into- 
the Goulburn river. The Liverpool range runs E. and W. at about 22 miles distant, 
due N. Merriwa is about equidistant from Cassilis, Scone, and Denman, the three 
towns nearest to it, being between 30 and 40 miles distant ; and lying respectively, 
N.E., N.W. , and S.E. ; the communication is by mail coach, thrice a week to* 
Denman and Cassilis, and by horse or dray to Scone (the nearest telegraph station). 
With Sydney, 196 miles, or 130 miles as the *crow flies, the communication is by 
mail coach to Singleton, about 70 miles, thence to Newcastle by rail, and thence by 
steamer. Merriwa has a post office, and protestant and catholic churches, there are 
3 hotels, the Cricketers' arms, the Fitzroy, and the Rose inn. The township lies in 
a basin surrounded by mountains and elevated table lands, principally of ferruginous, 
sandstone. The population numbers about 200 persons. 

MERRIWA (or Gammon) CREEK or Smith's RIVULET [Co. Brisbane} 
is a small N. tributary of the Goulburn river, flowing past the township of Merriwa, 
and fed by Coulson's and Harry's creeks. Sandstone. 

MERRIWA STATION {Barling district) ; occupier, Smith, Joseph ; area, 
39,680 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £98 8s. 

MERRYBIMINAH STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, White, E. and 
S. ; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£42 16s. 3d. ; the recently appraised rental is £66 13s. 4d. 

MERRY ABYNB0KE STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Dangar,. 
William; estimated area, 32,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The 
old charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £152 3s. 

MERRYG0EN CREEK ( Co. Napier, Bligh district) is a S. tributary of the 
upper part of the Castlereagh river, rising in the flat pastoral country E. of the 
village of Bullinda and flowing into the main stream at the township of Mendooran. 
Basalt, with deep alluvial deposit. 

MERRY MERRIGAL STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Tertius,. J. 
M., and West, J.; area, 10,000 acres ; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £28 15s. ; the recently appraised rental is £125. 

MERRY-MERRY CREEK STATION {Bligh district); occupier, Tailby,, 
George ; area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £23. 



348 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Mer— Mic 



MERRY, OUTER, STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Suttor, William 
Henry ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £32 5s. 

MERRY STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Suttor, William Henry; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Perry. 
Charges, £54. 

MERRY STATION [Bligh district) ; occupier, M'Lean, John Donald ; area, 
3200 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

MERT0N and MUSWELLBROOK {Co. Brisbane) is an incorporated district, 
consisting of 7 members and a warden; it has an area of 691,898 acres; its boun- 
daries are precisely similar to the police districts of Muswellbrook and Merton. 

MERYGAL MARTHAGUY STATION {Bligh district) • occupier, M'Gregor, 
Alex.; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, . 4000 sheep. Charges, £35 5s. 

METH0UNA STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Stuckey, J. Peter; 
estimated area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 sheep. The old charges were 
£80 ; the recently appraised rental is £280. 

MEWST0NE ISLAND (Co. Auckland) is a rock awash in the entrance to Two- 
fold bay. Sandstone. 

MIAH-MXAH CREEK {Co. Courallie, Gwydir district) is a small S. tributary 
of the Gwydir river, watering flat pastoral country, chiefly polygonum plains. It is 
crossed at its mouth by the road from Bingera to Moree. Granite, with alluvial 
deposit. 

MIAL0RA STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Mackay, G. E. ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32. 

MI ANGER CREEK {Co. Georgiana) is a small tributary of Clifford's creek, 
rising at Red Bank, and flowing N.E. It falls into Clifford's creek, at a distance of 
76 miles N. of Laggan. Limestone and slate. 

MIANGUILLIA STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Bayley, N. Paget; esti- 
mated area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £45. 

MIBBA STATION (Lachlau district) ; occupier, Ryan, Edward; area, 12,160 
acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. The old charges were £33 8s. 9d. ; 
the recently appraised rental is £50. 

MICALAGO CREEK {Cos. Beresford and Murray) is a small E. tributary of 
the upper Murrumbidgee river, rising inTinderry peak, the S. one of 2 detached hills 
in the N. of the Monaro plains, known as the Furies. It flows about 10 miles W. 
into the main stream at the village of Micalago, and forms part of the division be- 
tween the counties of Beresford on the S. , and Murray on the N. The country is 
richly grassed, and much of it at the lower end of the creek taken up for agricul- 
tural purposes. On the N. of the creek at this part, 1300 acres is occupied by Mrs. 
Joanna Keefe, and on the S. , 1370 acres by the Messrs. Ryrie. Other small detached 
pieces being also taken up in the neighbourhood. The roads from Cooma to Quean- 
beyan, Burra, and Limestone plains cross this creek at Micalago. Quartziferous slate 
and limestone. 

MICAL0NG CREEK {Co. Buccleugh) is a W. tributary of the Gooradigbee 
river, rising in the rugged high ground spurring off mount Tummorama, and flow- 
ing N.E. about 20 miles past the S. foot of Weejasper hill, near which it crosses the 
road from Yass to Kiandra. It receives the drainage of a few small unimportant 
creeks. The country through which it flows is most precipitous, and subject to deep 
snow falls. Trap rock and granite. 

MICHELAGO (or Micalago), 35° 39' S. lat., 149° 13' E. long. {Co. Murray), is 
a postal town in the parish of Micaligo, and electoral and police districts of Quean- 
beyan. It is situated on the Micaligo creek, about 2 miles from its debouchure into 
the Murrumbidgee river, which river at this place is confined between hills rising 
abruptly from its edge to a height of 300 feet, and the waters abounding with cod, 
perch, bream, and other fine fish. Gold has been found in the drift sand, but the 
numerous floods in the river prevent it being worked. Tinderry mountain is distant 
about 6 miles, running in a line with the river, and being formed of granite rock, and 



Mic— Mid] 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



349 



almost devoid of vegetation. Michelago is situated in both a pastoral and agricul- 
tural country, the latter being carried on, extensively and with success, chiefly on the 
banks of the streams. In the back country sheep and cattle do well. There are no 
diggings nearer than Braidwood, about 50 miles N.E. Gold has been found in the 
locality, but not in payable quantities. The nearest townships are Colinton, 10 miles 
S., the communication being by two-horse mail coach, en route for Cooma. With 
Sydney, 216 miles N.E., the communication is by mail coach, via Queanbeyan (the 
next telegraph station), 30 miles N., and G-oulburn to Picton, and thence by rail. 
Michelago has a post office, 2 stores, a police barrack and lock-up, a public pound, 
and 1 hotel, the Hibernian, which is also the coach office. There is 1 Denominational 
school, under the control of the Roman catholic board. The surrounding country is 
undulating, well grassed, and heavily timbered. The population numbers about 200 
persons, scattered over the district. The geological formation is grey ferruginous 
quartz-bearing slate, the river being bordered at its mouth by beds of limestone 
bearing various fossils, as fragments of crinoids, cyathopyllidce, and other corals ; 
and the fluviatile drift upon them is partly composed of a beautiful hard grey por- 
phyry, having plentifully distributed through the base rich salmon-coloured crystals 
of felspar. Amongst the drift in the crevices of the limestone and slates gold has 
been found. 

MICILAG0 MANER00 STATION (Monaro district) ; occupiers, Eyrie 
Brothers; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 12,000 sheep. Charges, £190. 

MICKABILL STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Lee, John ; area, 25,600 
acres ; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. The old charges were £42 16s. 3d.; 
the recently appraised rental is £164 10s. 

MICKABILL STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Lane, James B. ; area, 
25,600 acres ; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. The old charges were £42 16s. 3d. ; 
the recently appraised rental is £150. 

MICKEY GUNEGAL STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Neville, Thomas ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. Charges, £28 15s. 

MICKYBILL, N., STATION [Wellington district); occupier, Lane, James B.; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

MIDDERULA MOUNT (Co. Phillip) is a peak of the Blue mountain range, 
lying in the S.E. corner of the county, and near the head of the Cudgegong river. 
Sandstone. 

MIDDLE BILLAB0NG CREEK (Co. Franklin, Lachlan district). See 
Gonowlia Creek. 

MIDDLE CPvEEK [Co. Brisbane) is a W. tributary of Dartbrook. Sandstone. 
See also Harry's Creek. 

MIDDLE CREEK (Co. Gough) is a fine creek flowing in a N. direction through 
the township of Inverell, into the Macintyre river, near Byron. Much of the land 
on its banks is suitable for agricultural purposes, and is taken up by settlers. At a 
distance of 2 mdes S.E. from the township of Inverell is a highly picturesque water- 
fall, with wild and romantic scenery. The geological formation of the district is 
volcanic, basaltic lava, decomposed, overlying dark blue basaltic rock; and there 
being high basaltic cliffs or bluffs of considerable height, at many bends of the creek. 
The soil is deep, rich red, and black. 

MIDDLE CREEK (Co. King) is a small N. tributary of Blakeney's creek, 
flowing in the Yass plains, about 4 miles. Metamorphic slate and limestone. 

MIDDLE CREEK ( Co. Murchison, Givydir district) is a S. tributary of Reedy 
creek, flowing N. through rugged auriferous coivntry, and being fed by the Gunda- 
munda creek, on the Bingara gold workings. Upper palaeozoic, connected with ser- 
pentine, charged with chromate of iron, and affected by greenstone diorite. 

MIDDLE FIELD STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Harris, Thomas ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

MIDDLE HARBOUR (Co. Cumberland) is a beautiful N. arm of port Jackson, 
diverging from it to the N. W., about 2 miles W. of the N. head of the port. It is 
about 4 miles in length, and has the appearance, after passing a sandy point called the 



350 The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Mid — Mil 



:Spit (see Spit), of a lovely land-locked lake, hemmed in by steep slopes and precipices 
■of sparsely timbered sandstone rock. Some of the precipitous and overhanging rocks 
are piled up in rugged grandeur, and form pictures of the wildest magnificence, while 
the numerous bays and arms which diverge from it on the W. side are beautiful in 
the extreme. Middle harbour abounds in fish, and is a favourite resort for picnic and 
pleasure parties. It is crossed at the spit by a ferry, on the road from Sydney, via 
St Leonards, to Pittwater. The principal indentations are Hunter's, Long, and 
Bantry, bays. The opening of the harbour is marked by two bold headlands in port 
Jackson, known as Middle head, on the S. , and Grotto point on the N. side. It is 
open to the E. , and is not navigable for vessels drawing more than 9 feet of water, a 
bar of that depth, running across it near its mouth. Sandstone. 

MIDDLE HEAD ( Co. Cumberland) is a bold rocky promontory on the N. shore 
of port J ackson, standing out prominently, opposite the entrance, and forming the S. 
head of. Middle harbour. It is about | of a mile N.W. of the inner S. head of the 
rport. Sandstone. 

MIDDLDTGrBANK STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Freebody, John ; 
.area, 14,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1200 head of cattle. Charges, £35. 

MIDWAY RIVULET (native name, Caj&rada) (Co. Camden) is a small stream, 
forming the S. head of the Wingecarribee river, flowing through Sutton forest, and 
fed by White's creek. Sandstone and shale. 

MIHI CEEK ( Co. Sandon) is a tributary of the upper part of the Macleay river, 
rising in Bald Nob, and flowing N. E. through good pastoral country. There is a fine 
waterfall on this creek, called the Mihi fall. Mihi creek is fed by the Salisbury 
waters, which fall into it near Dangar's falls. Granite and slate. 

MIHI CREEK, No. 1 STATION {New England district); occupier, Dickson, 
James ; area, 12,800 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £60. 

MIHI CREEK, No. 2 STATION [New England district) ; occupier, Dickson, 
James ; area, 20,480 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. Charges, £80. 

MIHI FALLS (Co. Sandon) is a waterfall on the Mihi creek, . near Starr's out 
station, and above Dangar's falls, on the same creek. Granite. 

MILA (or Boggy) CREEK STATION (Monaro district) ; occupiers, Duguid, 
McPhee, and Carter ; area, 18,000 acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. 
Charges, £62 16s. 3d. 

MILBAI CREEK (Co. Gloucester) is a small S. tributary of the Manning river, 
falling into it at Tinonee. Sandstone and limestone. 

MILBEE MOUNT ( Co. Dowling) is a solitary hill, lying in the vast plains be- 
tween the Lachlan and Murrumbidgee rivers, and a few miles S. of Condobolin. Plio- 
cene tertiary. 

MILBEY STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Murray, Peter ; area, 32,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

MILBURN CREEK (Co. Bathurst) is a N. tributary of the Lachlan river, rising 
in the low hills to the S. of Lyndhurst, and flowing S. about 20 miles. It is fed by the 
Daisy Flat creek at its upper end, where there is some tolerably good agricultural 
ground. Lower palaeozoic, with recent alluvial drift, along the course of the stream. 

MILBRODALE (Co. Northumberland), is an agricultural village on the Woll- 
ombi brook, 10 miles S.W. of Singleton. 

MILCH0MI STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Rundle, J. B. ; es- 
timated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £65. 

MILD00L STATION ( Warrego district); occupier, Hill, Augustus ; area, 25,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £35 2s. 6d. 

MILIH0MI, No. 1 BACK STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, 
Rundle, J. B. ; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 

MILIH0MI, No. 3 BACK STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, 
Rundle, J. B. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31. 



Mil] 



351 



MILIKOMI STATION {Liverpool plains district) • occupier, Newman, Henry 
R. ; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £40. 

MILK BEACH {Co. Cumberland) is a small sandy beach in the rocky E. shore 
of Rose bay, port Jackson. It is so called from the whiteness of the sand of which 
it is composed. 

MILKENGQWRIE STATION {Liverpool plains district); occupier, Town, 
John ; area, 12,000 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. The old charges were 
£40 ; the recently appraised rental is £60. 

MILLAMURRAH CREEK {Co. Roxburgh) is a N. tributary of the Win- 
burndale rivulet, flowing through S. Terry's Millah Murrah estate of 2000 acres, and 
.Suttor's 1000 and 320 acre allotments. Sandstone, limestone, and clay shale. 

MILLAMURRAH [Co. Roxburgh) is a small postal, agricultural, and mining 
village in the electoral district of E. Macquarie, and police district of Bathurst. It 
is situated on the Millamurrah creek, 2 miles from the Winburndale creek. The dis- 
trict is agricultural ; the Winburndale alluvial diggings, principally worked by China- 
men, being about 3 miles distant. Bathurst lies 18 miles S., the communication being 
by horse and dray. There is 1 hotel in the village, the Diggers' Home. Millamurrah 
is situated on a large flat, surrounded by mountains, and is celebrated for the excellent 
wheat, chiefly white, grown in the locality. The settled population numbers about 
200 persons, within an area of 5 miles. Hornblendic granite, quartz, and micaceous 
slate. 

MILL BROOK {Co, Gloucester) is a small tributary of the Belbora creek. 
Sandstone and limestone. 

MILLENBONG MOUNT {Co. Wellington) is a peak in the rugged and broken 
table land of the Louisa creek diggings, lying near the S. bank of the Meroo creek, 
and about 7 miles W. of Avisford. Metamorphic slate and granite. 

MILBERA STATION {Clarence district) ; occupier, Sullivan, Phillip ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

MILLER'S CREEK {Co. Buckland) is a small W. tributary of the head of the 
Onas creek. Upper and middle palaeozoic. 

MILLER'S FOREST {Co. Durham) is a postal hamlet in the parish of Alnwick, 
electoral district of lower Hunter, and police district of Raymond terrace, situated on 
the Hunter river, 97 miles N. of Sydney, and 18 miles N.W. of Newcastle, by water. 
Miller's forest is situated on an alluvial fiat, excellent agricultural land of several 
hundred acres in extent, occupied chiefly by small farmers. It possesses no mills or 
manufactories. There is a main line of road through it from E. Maitland to Ray- 
mond terrace (via punt), which is kept in repair by road trusts. The nearest towns 
.are Morpeth, 5 miles W. ; and Raymond terrace, on the opposite bank of the river 
Hunter. The only means of communication are by steamer or sailing vessels, or. by 
horse and dray. With Sydney, 97 miles S. , the communication is by the Hunter 
river steamer from Raymond terrace, at which place is the nearest hotel. The sur- 
rounding country is mountainous and thickly scrubbed, and timbered with gum and 
stringy bark. The geological formation is chiefly sandstone and basalt. The popu- 
lation is small, and scattered over the agricultural farms on the flat and along the 
river bank. 

MILLE, S., STATION (Liverpool plains district); occupier, Brown, John; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £73 los. 

MILLE W A DIGGINGS {Co. Roxburgh) is a gold workings, forming part of 
the Bathurst gold field. It has a mining population of about 100 persons. 

MILLFIELD {Co. Northumberland) is a postal village in the electoral and police 
districts of Wollombi, situated on the Wollombi brook. It is an agricultural district, 
ihe principal crops being wheat, tobacco, and maize. There is 1 steam flour mill 
(Smyth's), and 1 hotel, the Rising Sun, in the village. Ellalong lies 5 miles E., and 
Wollombi 10 miles W., the communication being by horse and dray. With Sydney, 
116 miles S., the communication is by rail from Wollombi station to Newcastle, and 
thence by rail. The surrounding country is mountainous, and chiefly of sandstone 
formation. The population of the district numbers 1888 persons. 



352 



MILLIE ( Co. Nundewar) is a small agricultural and roadside hamlet, lying near 
the township of Narrabri. There is 1 hotel (Walford's) in the hamlet. 

MILLIE STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Loder, George ; esti- 
mated area, 22,400 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £180. 

MILLINC0R0BA STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Bagot, John C. ; 
area, 25,600 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

MILONY STATION [Lachlan district) ; occupiers, West and Wells ; area, 
9600 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old charges were £50 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £50. 

MILPAR0, N., BLOCK (A) STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Glass, 
Hugh ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Charges, 
£30 12s. 6d. 

MILPULLING STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Cheetham, Leonard ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £15 10s. ; new 
appraisement, £20 10s. 

MILREA MINOR STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Eales, J. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £50. 

MILREA STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Eales, John ; area, 32,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £126 Is. lid. ; new appraise- 
ment, £122. 

MILR0Y, N., STATION {Warrego district); occupiers, Watt, J. B. and 
Walker, W. G. ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

MILR0Y STATION {Warrego district) ; occupiers, Watt, J. B., and Walker, 
W. G. ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

MILSOM'S POINT {Co. Cumberland) is a rocky projection from the North shor e 
of port Jackson, at East St. Leonards. A good wharf is in course of erection, with 
a steamboat jetty for the convenience of the steam ferry boats which ply between 
the Circular quay, Sydney, and St. Leonards, to this point. The distance is about 
three quarters of a mile across. This is a favourite trip from Sydney, a magnificent 
•view of the harbour and the city of Sydney being had from the verandah of Dind's 
hotel, about a quarter of a mile N. of the wharf. Sandstone. 

MILTON ( Co. St. Vincent) is a postal village in the electoral and police districts 
of Shoalhaven. It is situated about 3 miles N.W. from lake Curril, an arm of the 
sea, abounding in aquatic fowl of every description, 4 miles S. of Lake Congola, also 
an arm of the sea, and 12 miles E. of the Pigeon House mountain. The district is an 
aoricultural one, the chief industry being dairy farming, for which pursuit the nature 
of the land admirably fits it. The nearest places are, Ulladulla, 4 miles S.E. (the 
government township and seaport ), and Wandandian, 16 miles N. There are no 
reo-ular means of conveyance to these places, but they are both on the main road, 
and accessible by horse or wheeled vehicle. With Sydney, 145 miles N., the commu- 
nication is by steamer from Ulladulla twice a week. There is 1 excellent hotel in 
Milton, the Star (Tydeman's). There is a post office, and church of England, Boman 
catholic, and Wesleyan places of worship in the township. The roads are under the 
control of a district magisterial road board, and the surrounding country is moun- 
tainous, but not rugged, the inclines being generally gradual. The geological 
formation is granitic. Milton contains 17 houses, and a population of about 80 
persons. 

MILTRA STATION {Albert district) ; occupiers, Henty and Samson; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

MIMOSA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Windeyer, John and W. C. ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Young. 
Charges, £30. 

MINALEY STATION (Albert district); occupier, Wright, William Henry;, 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 200 head of cattle and 1000 sheep. Charges, 
£30. 

MINANDICHI LAKE (Co. Menindee) is a small lake or lagoon, separated 



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Tlie New South Wales Gazetteer. 



353 



from lake Cawndilla by a sandbank. It lies about 36 miles S.W. of Menindie. 
Pliocene tertiary. 

MINDEN OUTER STATION {Albert district) ; occupiers, Staughton, S. T., 
S. T., and S. G. ; area, 92,160 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, 
£30 ; the new appraisement is £88. 

MINDEN STATION {Albert district) ; occupiers, Staughton, S. T., S. T., and 
S. G. ; area, 61,440 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

MINDER00 STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Bell and Hay ; 
estimated area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. The old charges were 
£38 2s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £28. 

MINGAY STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Hanley, Susan ; area, 
19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old charges were £33 8s. 9d. ; 
the recently appraised rental is £50. 

MININDEL STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Carfrae, John; area, 
38,400 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle and 4000 sheep. Charges, £90. 

MINJAR MOUNT {Co. Sehoyn) is a lofty peak in the Murray range of moun- 
tains, lying near the junction of the N. and S. heads of the Tooma river. Granite and 
schist. 

MIN JARY MOUNTAINS ( Co. Wynyard) is the name given to a group of high 
peaks which He in the N.E. part of the Adelong gold field, in the parish of Minjary, 
and on the W. bank of the Tumut river. Metamorphic slate and granite. 

MINMI {Co. Northumberland) is a postal town and railway station in the 
parish of Hexham, and electoral district of Northumberland. It is a coal mining 
district, and is situated on the Minmi creek, which, on the 3rd of June, 1864, broke 
through into the pits in the neighbourhood, filling them with water. The river 
Hunter is situated on the N.E. of Minmi, and is about 6 miles distant. Cockle cieek 
lies to the S. about 3 miles distant, and empties itself into lake Macquarie. The 
nearest mountains are the Sugar Loaf ranges to the W., and about 4| miles distant. 
The nearest places are, Hexham township, lying in the swamps on the banks of the 
Hunter ; Wallsend, a village 4 miles S. E. ; and Waratah, a village 7 mibs E. There 
is communication with Hexham and Waratah by rail, and with Sydney, 86 miles S. , 
by rail to Newcastle, 16 miles, and thence by daily steamer. There is a post and 
money order office, and a telegraph office, in Minmi ; also 2 Odd Fellows' lodges, and 
1 of the order of Druids. The hotels are the Northumberland and the Minmi. 
From the township of Minmi, the pit train crosses the railway near the station, and 
proceeds to the staiths or coal shoots situated on the banks of the Hunter rivej. The 
Minmi estate is situated partly in the parishes of Hexham, Stockton, and Teralba. 
The township is under the control of a borough council. The surrounding country is 
elevated, and, in some places, mountainous; it is thickly ard well- wooded; t v e 
wharves at Newcastle, and the railway bridges, being chiefly compos od of the timber 
produced in the neighbourhood. The population, at the present time, numbers ?,bo at 
150 persons, owing to the stoppage of the colliery, but, when in full operation, the 
population amounts to about 600. The geological formation is carboniferous, 'with 
pliocene tertiary drift over the older rocks. 

MINNA MINNANEE STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupier, Eales, John ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Moree. The old charges were £61 17s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £96. 

MINNA STATION {Warrego district) ; occupier, Adams, H.J. ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 Is. 

MINORE STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Farmer and Painter ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£42 16s. 3d. ; the recently appraised rental is £40. 

MINT0 {Co. Cumberland) is one of the original districts of the county, bounded 
on the E. and S.E. by George's river, and Bunburycurran creek, to Chisholm's S.E. 
corner, and commencing at the point where Cabramatta creek falls into George's river, 
on the S.W. by Chisholm's, Mitchell's, and Molles' farms totheCowpastureroadtothe 
Cabramatta creek ; and on the N. by that creek to George's river, 

Y 



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The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Mix — Mit 



Minto, Upper, is also one of the original districts of the county, bounded on the 
1ST. E. by Connor and Kerrilbon's farms, to the Co wpasture road, on the W. side by the 
Nepean river, to Chapman's farm, on the S. and E. sides by Chapman, Tyson, and 
Howe's farms, to Richards' S.E. corner, on the S.E. side by Richards', Jackson's, 
Throsby's, Molles' and Main's farms, to Chisholm's S.E. corner. 

MINUMURRA CREEK (Co. Camden) is a pretty creek, rising in the coast 
range, and flowing through the township of Jamberoo (where it is fordable, except in 
time of flood) into the sea, between Kiama and Shellharbour. Silurian. 

MIFARO BLOCK (B) STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Brodribb, W. A.; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Booligal. 
Charges, £30 os. 

MIPAR0 STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Lang, Gideon Scott ; area? 
48,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Booligal. 
Charges, £30 lis. Sd. 

MIP0RA, K, BLOCK (B) STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Ligar and 
Brown ; area, 64, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Booligal. Charges, £20. 

MIP0RA (or Manfred), E., STATION {Darling district); occupier, Stewart, 
J.; area, 28,480 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Booligal. Charges, £30. 

MIPQRA (or Manfred), W., STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Stewart, 
J.; area, 28,480 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Booligal. Charges, £30. 

MIF0RA (or Manfred), W., BLOCK (B) STATION {Lachlan district) ; occu- 
pier, Lang, G-. ; area, 32, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Booligal. Charges, £32. 

MIP0RA (or Manfred) STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, De Sailly, G. 
P.; area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Booligal. Charges, £11. 

MIRANDA BLOCK (A) STATION [Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Darlott, 
Henry ; area, 18,000 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

MIRR00L CREEK {Lachlan district) is a long watercourse, rising in the 
Derabong hills, and flowing in a general W.S.W. direction for about 120 miles through 
extensive plains (some lightly grassed and timbered, others quite arid), into the 
Murrumbidgee river, near the village of Liorongai. It flows along its entire course 
through the unsettled counties of Bland, Bourke, Cooper, and Sturt, only in wet 
seasons, being almost entirely dry, or, at most, a mere chain of occasional small ponds 
at all other times. There are, however, several swamps along its course, which 
retain water when the surrounding country is totally arid. 

MIRBICALDRIE CREEK {Co. Wynyard) is a swampy creek, flowing N.E* 
jnto the Nunbargo creek. Granite, slate, and trap rock. 

MITCH ANGrULLIMA CREEK {Co. Bathurst) is a small tributary of the 
Pannara rivulet, flowing from the E. , flowing through land occupied by W. Lawson. 
Lower silurian, with alluvial deposit. 

MITCHELL is a county in the pastoral district of Murrumbidgee. It contains 
2974 acres of alienated land and 788,726 acres unalienated. Its present boundaries 
however, are open to modification. 

Mitchell is a police district, embracing a N.W. portion of the pastoral district of 
Darling and a W. portion of the pastoral district of Albert ; and bounded on part of 
the S. from the Darling river, by the N. boundaries of Barrara, East Barrara, and 
East Barrara divide runs, E. , to the N.E. corner of the latter run, thence by the E. 
boundary of East Barrara divide run, S., to the N.E. corner of North Mythis block B 
run ; thence by the N. boundaries of that run North Mythis block A ; West Panban 
block B, and North Panban runs, bearing E. to the N.E. corner of the latter run, 
thence by the E. boundary of that run, bearing S. about 4 miles ; thence by a line 
bearing E. to the S.W. corner of Kilfera block C run, and by the S. boundaries of 
that run and Kilfera blocks B and A, E. , to the S. W. corner of North Clare 3 run ; 



Mit] 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



355 



.thence on the E. by the boundary dividing North Clare 3 run aforesaid, Kilfera block N, 
M, L, and K, from Kilfera blocks A, D, F, H, and J runs, bearing N. to the 
boundary dividing the pastoral districts of Darling and Albert, at about 20 miles N. W. 
from the N.E. corner of the pastoral district of Darling ; thence by a line bearing N. 
7 degrees W. to M'Culloch's range near the S. corner of Wongolarroo run ; thence by 
a line to that corner, and by the S.E. and N.W. boundaries of that run, N.E., and 
N.W. to the back or S.E. boundary of Onondoo run; thence by the S.E. 
boundaries of that run and Outer Merry run, N.E., to the E. corner of the 
latter run ; thence by the N.E. or upper boundaries of Outer Merry and Merry 
runs, N.W., to the Darling river, near the confluence of Bulcocol creek, thence by 
that river, upwards, to the boundary dividing Anaralla and Walker's 22 Camp 
runs ; thence by the S. W. boundaries of Walker's 22 Camp run, Walker's 22 Camp 
back run, mount M 'Pherson, mount M 'Pherson block A, and mount M 'Pherson block 
1, N.W., to the S.E. corner of Bathing spring run; thence by the E. and N. 
boundaries of that run, N. and W., to the E. boundary of Peri run, by the E. 
boundary of that run, and the S. and E. boundaries of East Peri run, E. and N., 
to the S. W. corner of Thoungo run, S. , on Tungo creek and Paroo river ; thence by 
the W. boundaries of that run and Thoungo river, N., crossing Tungo creek N. 
About 11 miles to the N. boundary of the latter run ; thence by that boundary E. 5 
miles, by the E. boundary of that run S. to the N. boundary of Mulla Moolka run 
W. , on the Paroo river ; thence by that boundary to the back boundary of Warra- 
inutty West run ; thence by the back or W. boundaries of all the runs fronting on the 
W. side of the Paroo river, leaving those runs in the Bourke district N. to the 29th 
-parallel of S. lat. , being the boundary dividing the colonies of New South Wales and 
Queensland ; on the N. by that boundary W. to the 141st meridiem of E. long., 
being the boundary dividing the colonies of New South Wales and South Australia ; 
on the W. by that meridian S. to a point bearing due W. from the S. W. corner of 
outer Yaltolka run ; thence by the S. boundaries of that run and Yaltolka run E. to 
the Darling river ; and thence by that river, upwards, to the N. boundary of Barrara 
run afoi'esaid. The place of petty sessions is Menindie. 

MITCHELL MOUNT {Co. Gresham) is a high peak of the Macleay range, 
lying at the head of the Sara river. Sandstone and granite. 

MITCHELL'S CREEK {Co. Cunningham, Wellington district) is a small arm 
of the Lachlan river, flowing in the swampy country to the E. of Condobolin, and 
between the main stream and Joobang creek. Silurian with fluviatile deposit. 

MITCHELL'S CREEK {Co. Lincoln) is a S. tributary of the Erskine river. 
Granite and slate. 

MITCHELL'S CREEK {Co. Roxburgh) is a postal township, the centre of an 
agricultural and mining district in the parish of Castleton, and electoral district of E. 
Macquarie. It is situated on the creek of the same name 54 miles N.N. W. of the town- 
ship of Meadow flat. It has a population of about 300 persons, scattered over the small 
farms of the district, and engaged in mining, quartz, and alluvial, which is carried on 
t;o the S. and W. in the Kirconnell and Wattle flat gold fields. The new G-lanmire 
diggings also lie within a few miles to the W. There are 5 quartz-crushing machines 
with engines of from 4 to 10 horse-power each, at work in the township and neigh- 
bourhood of Mitchell's creek. Bathurst lies 23 miles, and Frying Pan 8 miles W. 
there being communication by coach twice a week. With Sydney, 112 miles E., the 
communication is by coach, via Meadow flat daily, to Penrith, and thence by rail. 
There are 2 hotels in the township, Lachlan's and the Star Inn. The surrounding 
country is mountainous and scrubby, being well grassed, and timbered with stringy 
bark and small gum trees. The geological formation is metamorphic, with pliocene 
drift, and deep alluvial deposit in the beds of the watercourses. 

MITCHELL'S CREEK {Co. Roxburgh) is a small auriferous creek, rising hi 
the ranges to the N. of the Kirconnell gold fields, and flowing N. into the head of 
the Winburndale rivulet. Sandstone and slate, with outcropping quartz ridges. 

MITCHELL RIVER {Co. Gough) is a fine W. tributary of the Nymboi river. 

MIT00KESBA CREEK {Co. Argyle) is a small creek, rising to the E. of 
Kenny's punt, and flowing into the Willeroo creek near that place. It is about 5 
miles in length, and, although fed by a spring of pure water, dries up in summer.. 
Trap rock and sandstone. 



356 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Mit — Moa 



MITTAGONG RANGE (Co. Camden) is an E. spur of the S. part of the Blue 
mountains, branching off and forming the N. boundary of the S. table land on the 
coast side of the Dividing chain. The highest point is about 2454 feet above the 
level of the sea. This range divides the waters of the Nepean and Wingecarribee 
rivers, which commences at about 73 miles from Sydney. It terminates abruptly on 
the W., at its highest point, which is about 14 mile from the Great South road. 
This hill is commonly called Gibraltar, but the native name is Bowrell. E. , towards 
the sea, the height of the Mittagong range gradually diminishes until it joins the 
coast mountain overlooking the Illawarra district ; on the N. side of it the Nepean 
river rises amid deep gullies ; on the S. lies an extensive swamp, in a much 
higher level, and which is the head of the Wingecarribee river. Trap rock and 
sandstone. 

MITTAGONG STATION {Murmmbidgee district) ; occupier, Vincent, Elizabeth; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Wagga-Wagga. The old charges were £160 10s. ; the recently appraised rental is 
£130. 

MITTA-MITTA CREEK (Co. Clarendon, Lachlan district) is a small E. 
tributary of the Billabong creek, flowing W. about 10 miles, through good pastoral 
country. Trap rock and metamorphic slate. 

MITTA STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Dunne, Joseph ; area, 51,200- 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

MITTA, W., STATION (Darling district); occupier, Dunne, Joseph; area, 44,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

MINITAWA STATION (Albert district); occupiers, M'Culloch and Sellar ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £35. 

MOAMA (or Maiden's Punt), 36° 3' S. lat., 144° 56' E. long. (Co. Cadell), is a 
postal township and calling place for the river steamers on the Murray river, in the 
electoral district of the Murrumbidgee, and police district of Moama. It is situated 
on the N. bank of the Murray river, opposite Echuca, there being a fine wooden bridge 
connecting the two. Lake Moira lies 15 miles N.E. The district is agricultural 
and pastoral, chiefly the latter. The nearest place is Echuca (Victoria) ; distant 1^ 
miles, the communication being by coach once a day. With Sydney, 516 miles N.E., 
the communication is by coach, via Deniliquin, Albury, Tarcutta, Yass, and Goulburn, 
to Picton, and thence by rail, or by rail from Echuca to Melbourne, and thence by 
steamer. There is 1 hotel at the junction, and a mail coach office in the township. 
There is a newspaper, the Riverine Herald, published in the town. The surrounding 
country is flat and swampy, and thickly covered with stunted gum and apple trees. 
To the N. 1000 acres are marked off in blocks of 320 acres each, for agricultural farms. 
The population of Moama is about 200 persons. Pliocene tertiary, with alluvial and 
fluviatile drift. 

MOAMA BLOCK (M) STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Mason, R. B. ; 
area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

MOAMA BLOCK (N) STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Mason, R. B. ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

MOAMA BLOCK (O) STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Mason, R. B. ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

MOAMA BLOCK (Q) STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Mason, R. B. ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

MOAMA BLOCK (R) STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Mason, R. B.; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

MOAMA BLOCK (T) STATION {Albert district); occupier, Mason, R. B.; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

MOAMA BLOCK (U) STATION (Albert district); occupier, Mason, R. B.; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

MOAMA BLOCK (V) STATION (Albert district); occupier, Mason, R. B.; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 



Moa — ModJ 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



357 



MOAN (or Macarthur) MOUNT (Co. Brisbane) is the highest peak of the 
Liverpool range, attaining an elevation of 4200 feet. It is situated toward the W. 
•end of the range, and forms the source of the Krui river. The lower part of the 
mountain is timbered with lofty blue gum and stringy bark trees, the soil being of a 
stiff yellow clay, which supports grass of an inferior kind. The upper part is broken 
into perpendicular rocky ridges, and divided by deep and impassable gorges abutting 
on fine open forest land. The geological formation is red sandstone and granite. 

MOBALLA STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Cheetham, J. L. : area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £80 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £80. 

MOBALLA No. 2 STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Cheetham, J. L. ; 
area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

M0BINBRY STATION (Givydir district) ; occupiers, Howe and Howe ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £30 ; the recently 
appraised rental is £20. 

M0C0 BARUNGHA No. 1 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Forlonge, 
W. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 10s. 6d. 

M0C0 BARUNGHA No. 2 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Forlonge, 
W.; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 17s. .,, 

M0C0 BARUNGHA No. 3 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Forlonge, 
W.; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 5s. 

M0C0 BARUNGHA No. 4 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Forlonge, 
W. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 5s. 

M0C0 BARUNGHA No. 5 STATION ( Warrego district) -, occupier, Forlonge, 
William; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31. 

M0C0 BARUNGHA No. 6 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Forlonge, 
William ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£31 10s. 6d. 

M0C0 BARUNGHA No. 7 STATION ( Warrego district); occupier, Forlonge, 
William ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle.. Charges, 
£32 lis. 3d. 

M0C0 BARUNGHA, W., No. 1 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, 
Cox and Dowling ; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£30 10s. 

M0C0 BARUNGHA, W., No. 2 STATION {Warrego district); occupiers, 
Cox and Dowling ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£30 10s. 

M0C0 BARUNGHA, W., No. 3 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, 
Cox and Dowling; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£30 10s. 

M0C0 BARUNGHA, W., No. 4 STATION (Warrego district); occupier, For- 
longe, W. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£30 10s. 

M0C0 BARUNGHA, W., No. 5 STATION (Warrego district); occupier, 
Forlonge, W. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£30 10s. 

M0C0 BARUNGHA, W., No. 6 STATION (Warrego district); occupier, 
Forlonge, W. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

M0C0 BARUNGHA, W„ No. 7 STATION (Warrego district); occupier, 
Forlonge, W. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£30 10s. 

M0DBURY CREEK (Co. Murray) is a stream rising in the Gourock range, near 
Talerang Pie, and flowing N. into the Shoalhaven river, near Larbert township. It is 
fed by the Bseedy creek. The geological formation is lower silurian, the slates having 
assumed the character of micaceous and chloritic schist, owing to the highly metamor- 



358 The R&v) South Wales Gazetteer. |Mog — Moi 



phic agency to which, they have been subjected. In the whiter schists galena occurs 
in veins, associated with quartziferous conglomerates and sandstones, ranging N. and 
S. What brings this locality into association with a gold field is, the abundance of 
fluted iron pyrites, and of micaceous, arsenical, and massive black, as well as aurife- 
rous, pyrites, some of which are met with in quartz veins passing through the porphyry, 
the ore occurring at the planes of contact. 

MOGAL MOGIL STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, Lee, Benjamin, jun.; 
area, 25, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old charges, £40 ; new 
appraisement, .±'25. 

M0GA MET0N STATION (Bligh district) ; occupiers, Walter, Mrs. R, R. ; 
area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £50 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £90. 

M0GE MILLAN STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Brown, Andrew ; area, 
18,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40; the recently 
appraised rental is £60. 

M0GEMUL STATION [Bligh district) ; occupier, Lynch, John ; area, 10,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £20. 

M0G;END0RA CREEK (Co. St Vincent) is a small N. tributary of the Moruya 
river, falling into it about 10 miles from its mouth. Slate and granite. 

M0GILA GREEK ( Warrego district) is a small tributary of the Birie river, 
flowing into it near the boundary line between New South Wales and Queensland- 
Pliocene tertiary. 

M0G0 {Co. St. Vincent) is a small mining village in the electoral district of Eden ; 
and police district of Broulee. It lies 8 miles from the township of Bateman's bay, 
with which it is connected by a horse track. A small auriferous creek flows through 
the diggings, which are both alluvial and quartz. The communication with Sydney 
is by the Illawarra Steam Navigation company's steamers, from Bateman's bay, twice 
a week. The surrounding country is mountainous and scrubby. 

M0G0NG {Co. Ashbumham) is a small agricultural village, lying about 8 miles 
N. of Canowindra, on the road to Orange. Metamorphic slate. 

M0G0NG STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Isaacs, Clement ; area, 
12,800 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Canowindra. The old charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £40. 

M0G0EEEA POINT (Co. Dampier) is the name of the N. head of the entrance 
of the Bega river. It lies about 2 miles N. of Tathra. Sandstone. 

M0GRAM CREEK (Co. Gloucester) is a small E. tributary of the Gloucester 
river. Sandstone. 

M0IXA (Co. Pottinger), is a small government village lying 20 miles N. W. 
of the township of Quirindi. 

MOHAWK STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Macdonald, Angus ; area, 
4000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 sheep. Charges, £17 10s. 

M0THEETA STATION (Wan-ego district) ; occupier, Loder, George; estimated 
area, 58,400 acres; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. The old charges were. 
£82 ; the recently appraised rental is £135. 

MGH0NGA FOREST, S., STATION (Murrunibidgee district) ; occupier, Band, 
Robert ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Albury. Charges, £30. 

MOIRA LAKES (Co. Cadell) is the name of a series of lagoons lying on the N.. 
bank of the Murray river, on the road from Moama to Deniliquin, and about 15 miles 
N.N.E. of the former place. The lakes are shallow and full of reeds, and are plenti- 
fully stocked with Murray cod and other fine fish. A company has been established 
(the lake Moira Pishing company) for supplying the Victorian markets with fish from 
these lakes, and has its head-quarters at Echuca. There is a wayside inn at Moira, 
or Mathoura, where the Deniliquin and Moama (Echuca) coach changes horses. 
Pliocene tertiary. 

MOIRA STATION (Jfurrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Lewis, S. Henry ; esti- 



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mated area, 109,000 acres ; grazing capability, 14,000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Moama. The old charges were £140 ; the recently appraised rental is £380. 

M0LEMB0NG STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Walker, Mrs. B. E. ; 
area, 32,000 acres; grazing capability, 1280 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£80 ; the recently appraised rental is £90. 

MOLE EIVEE (Co. Clive, New England district) is a fine stream, rising by two 
heads, one in the Doctor's Nose hill, N. of Bolivia township, and the other in the 
high bluffs, S. of the same township. It is fed at its upper end by the Deepwater 
creek, and flows N. W. about 50 miles through good pastoral and agricultural country, 
consisting of grassy downs and open gum forest, into the Dumaresq river at Mingoola 
(Queensland), about 6 miles N. of the]jborder line. The geological formation is horn- 
blendic granite and sandstone. 

MOLE EIVEE STATION {New England district) ; occupiers, Dumaresq 
Brothers and M'Innis ; area, 60,000 acres ; grazing capability, 12,000 sheep. The old 
charges were £120 ; the recently appraised rental is £156. 

MOLE STATION (Wellington district); occupier, Cope, Joseph; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. Charges, £42 16s. 3d. 

MOLE, THE, STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Bennett, Bobert ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

MOLES' STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Tivey, Samuel ; area, 10,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Charges, £53 8s. 9d. 

M0LLE STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Smith, Henry ; estimated area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 j the 
recently appraised rental is £100. 

M0LLIEE0I STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Capp, Charles ; 
area, 19,640 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31. 

MOLLY STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Essy, Charles ; esti- 
mated area, 51,200 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £105. 

MOLONG, 33° 8' S. lat., 148° 55' E. long. (Co. Wellington), is a postal township in 
the parish of Molong, electoral district of Wellington, and police district of Molong. 
It is situated on the Molong rivulet, about 7 miles S. of its junction with the Bell 
river ; Mandagery creek flows about 13 miles S.W., and the Canobolas mountains lie 
atout 18 miles S. Molong lies in an agricultural and pastoral district, abounding in 
minerals, principally copper. Mines were worked some time since, but have been 
abandoned, although it is contemplated by a private company now forming to re -open 
one or more of them. The nearest places are Cudal, 17 miles S.W. ; Toogong, 25 
miles, S.W. ; Murga, 32 miles S.W. ; Orange, 22 miles S.E. ; Wellington, 40 miles 
N. W. ; and Obley, 38 miles W. With Wellington and Orange there is communication 
by Cobb's 2-horse mail coach thrice a week. With the other places by horse or dray, 
or private conveyance. With Sydney, 172 miles E.S.E., the communication is by 
Cobb's mail coach, via Orange (the nearest telegraph station) and Bathurst to Penrith, 
and thence by rail. Molong has a post and money order office ; a court house, where 
petty sessions are held weekly, and district courts thrice a year ; two places of wor- 
ship, an Episcopalian and a Wesleyan, the Eoman catholic service being performed in 
the court house. The hotels are the Freemason's and Golden Fleece ; and the Union 
Inn, at Copper hill, 3 miles on the Wellington road. The coach office is at the Golden 
Fleece hotel. Molong has branches of the Liverpool and London and Globe, and 
Australian Mutual Provident Insurance companies. The roads in the district are 
managed by contract, under the supervision of a road surveyor. The surrounding 
country is elevated, but somewhat lower than Orange, and somewhat mountainous to 
the W. It abounds in limestone, and good coal has been found. Copper is also 
abundant. The geological formation is metamorphic slate. The population of Molong, 
including East and West Molong, both now forming one township, numbers 277, that 
of the former being 14, and that of the latter, 263 persons. 

Molong is a police district, embracing a W. portion of the county of Wellington 
and part of the pastoral district of Wellington, and bounded on the N. by the boun- 
dary of the settled districts (which is a curved line W. to the town of Wellington, 



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including all lands within 10 miles from any point of the outward limits of that town) 
to the nearest point of the Little river, thence by a line W. to that river near Gundi, 
and by that river, upwards, to J. Ireland's station, Obella, thence by a line W. to a 
point in the range dividing the waters of the Little river and Bogan river, 
in a direct line from J. Ireland's station, aforesaid, to W. Lee's station, Genanigi, 
on the Bogan river, being part of the S. boundary of the Dubbo police district, thence 
by the ranges dividing the waters of the Little and Bogan rivers, and Goobang creek, 
and Byrne's (or Mandagery) creek and Goobang creek, S., E., and again S., to the 
source of Moura creek, thence by that creek, downwards, to its confluence with Byrne's 
(or Mandagery) creek, and by that creek, downwards, to the Lachlan river ; thence on 
the S. by the Lachlan river, upward, to the confluence of the Belubula river, and by 
that river, upward, to the confluence of the Panuara rivulet ; and on the E. by that 
rivulet, upward, to its source, thence by a line N. to the Canobolas, thence by a line 
N. to the head of Boreenore creek, thence by that creek to the Molong rivulet, thence 
by that rivulet to the S. W. corner of Joseph Taylor's 2560 acres, thence by the W. 
boundary of that grant to the Nandillion ponds, thence by the Nandillion ponds, down- 
wards, to the Bell river, and by that river, downwards, to the boundary of the settled 
districts, aforesaid. The place of petty sessions is Molong. 

MOLONG CREEK ( Co. Wallace) is a small stream, rising in the rugged country 
near the Scotchman's hill, and flowing S. into the Snowy river. Trap rock. 

MOLONGLO, 35° 25' S. lat., 149° 25' E. long. {Co. Murray), is a postal township 
in the electoral and police districts of Queanbeyan. It is situated on the Molonglo 
river, 10 miles from its junction with the Queanbeyan river, and 25 miles N. of the 
Lindsay mountains. The district is an agricultural and pastoral one. The nearest 
places are Queanbeyan, 12 miles W. ; Bungendore, 13 miles N. ; and Braidwood, 30 
miles E. To these places there are no means of conveyance, except on horseback. 
With Sydney, 1774 miles E.N.E., the communication is by coach twice a week from 
Queanbeyan. There are no hotels in Molonglo. The surrounding district, consisting 
of the Molonglo plains, is undulating, tolerably well grassed, and sparsely timbered. 
The geological formation is limestone, trap rock, and shale, with abundance of fossils. 
The population is small and scattered. 

MOLONGLO PLAINS {Co. Murray) is a tract of fine undulating grazing country, 
lying on the upper part of the Molonglo river, and to the S. of lake George. The 
townships of Molonglo and Bungendore are situated on these plains, which are well 
watered and grassed, and afford fine grazing' for cattle. The geological formation is 
chiefly silurian, with out-cropping beds of fine limestone, containing numerous fossils. 

MOLONGLO RIVER (Co. M urray) is a large and important stream, rising in the 
W. slope of the Australian Alps, and flowing NW. about 50 miles into the Murruni- 
bidgee river, near Big hill. It waters the extensive rich grassy flats known as the 
Molonglo and the Limestone plains, and flows through the township of Queanbeyan, 
where it is joined by the Queanbeyan river. Besides that important tributary it also 
receives the waters of the Bellallala, Yandyganulla, Primrose Valley, Yarrow, and 
Jerabombera creeks. Silurian, containing numerous fossils. 

MOLONG NYRANG STATION { Wellington district) ; occupiers, Alexander, 
Isaac and Samuel ; area, 4000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 sheep. The old charges 
were £17 10s. ; the recently appraised rental is £25. 

MOLONG RIVER ( Co. Wellington) is an auriferous tributary of the head of the 
Bell river. The country abounding in copper ore yielding 75 per cent of metal. 
Metamorphic slate. 

MOLONG STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Keeve, Andrew, trustee for 
Mrs. Betts ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £19 7s. 6d.; the recently appraised rental is £25. 

MOLONG SWAMP STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Kite, Thomas ; 
area, 3332 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £16 
9s. 5d.; the recently appraised rental is £20. 

M0L0WRAN MOUNT {Co. Wellington) is a peak of the Stony creek range, on 
the E. bank of the Bell river, and about 2 miles W. of the Ironbark diggings. Meta- 
morphic slate and granite. 



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MOLROY STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupiers, Bigge, F. W., and Palgrave, 
R. ; area, 80,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1600 head of cattle. Charges, £100. 

MOL Y AN MANNING STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Rouse, George ; 
Area, 2400 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £33 8s. 9d. 

MOMALONGr PLAINS STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Osborne, 
J. H. ; area, 22,400 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Deniliquin. The old charges were £30 ; the recently appraised rental 
is £65. 

MOMALONGr PLAINS, S., STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Os- 
borne, J. H. ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Deniliquin. Charges, £205. 

M0MUNDILLA MOUNT {Co. Hunter) is an elevated peak of the Hunter 
range, its summit being 2500 feet above the level of the sea. It is the source of 
Greig's creek, and lies to the W. of Patrick's plains. It is exceedingly precipitous, 
being nearly inaccessible, but the surrounding country forms good pasture land for 
■cattle. Ferruginous sandstone. 

M0NAR0 electoral district embraces the W. portion of the pastoral district of 
Monaro and a small portion of that of Murrumbidgee ; and is bounded on the N. by 
the S. boundary of the county of Murray, being, from mount Tumanwong, a small 
creek falling to the Queanbeyan river, that river, downward, to the confluence of 
Tinderry creek, that creek, to its source at Tinderry Pic, and Micaligo creek, thence 
to the Murrumbidgee river ; thence by the Murrumbidgee river, upwards, to the con- 
fluence of Gap creek ; and thence by the Gap creek and the tributary to it, which 
rises at mount Clear ; thence by the range which separates the falls going direct to 
the Murrumbidgee, from those going to Naas Valley creek, the Gudjenby, Cotter, 
and Goodradigbee rivers, until that range joins the main range between the Tumut 
and Murrumbidgee ; and by that range until it joins the Great Dividing range ; on 
the W. by the Great Dividing range to the boundary between New South Wales and 
Victoria ; on the S. by that boundary, E. , to the range dividing the waters of the 
Snowy river from those of the Genoa, Towamba, and Bega rivers ; and on the E. by 
that range, N. , to the Great Dividing range, and. by the Great Dividing range, N. , to 
the S. boundary of the county of Murray, aforesaid. This electorate comprises the 
districts of Cooma and Bombala, and returns 1 member to the Legislative Assembly, 
the present representative being W. Grahame, Esq. The number of registered electors 
in this district is 1451, of whom 672 voted at the last general election, 1864 — 1865. 

MONARO is the name of a pastoral district, lying to the N. of the Victorian 
boundary, and having an area of 8335 square miles. The principal towns are Bega, 
Cooma, Bombala, Kiandra, Moruya, Nerrigundah, Nimmitabel, Adaminiby, Crown 
Flat, Delegete, and Araluen. It contains the Delegete, Bendoc, and Eucumbene gold 
fields. The number of freehold landholders in this district is 890, and of leaseholders 
547. The extent of land in cultivation is 10,119 acres. Under wheat there are 3615 
acres ; under maize, 1657 acres ; under barley, 469 acres ; under oats, 1013 acres ; 
and under tobacco, 4 acres. Live stock: horses, 12,416; horned cattle, 81,165; 
sheep, 470,638 ; and pigs, 12,221. The entire district is traversed by lofty moun- 
tain ranges and deep gullies, in which lie vast stores of mineral wealth. 

MONARO (or Maneroo) PLAINS, (or Brisbane Downs) {Co. Beresford) is the 
name applied to a large tract of fine undulating pastoral country, lying between the 
Murrumbidgee river on the W. , and the coast range on the E. These plains were 
discovered by Captain Currie and Brigadier- General Ovens in 1823, in their expedition 
to examine the S. of lake George. On the 3rd June of that year, after passing 
through much good country of forests and plains, they reached an extensive plain, 
which proved to be the commencement of a very long chain of downs. These they 
•explored for nearly 70 miles without reaching their termination. They were plains 
■of well grassed and well watered land, and the tract thus discovered, called by them 
the Brisbane downs, in honour of Governor Brisbane, has since become one of the 
most valuable pastoral tracts in New South Wales. The Monaro plains are not 
properly speaking, plains, but rather a series of gently-swelling undulations, possess- 
ing rich and fertile soil, diversified by hill and dale, the former rarely ranking as 
mountains, and remarkably well watered. They form a plateau of 2000 feet above 
sea level. These plains are included in the pastoral district of Monaro, of which they 



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form no inconsiderable part. The townships of Cooma, Bunyan, and Colinton are in 
these plains, of which the first-named is the principal one. The geological formation 
is generally made up of various granitic rocks, irregularly interpolating and distm^bing 
quartz-bearing slates of different colours and degrees of hardness, of which the lower 
portions are partly overflowed by trappean eruptions. 

MONARO RANGE {Co. Beresford). From the termination of the Gourock 
range, the main dividing chain continues for some distance in a S. direction ; but 
about 36° 30' S. lat. it makes an abrupt turn, first to the W. and then to the N.W. 
This portion of the chain is called the Manero range. It encloses the most extensive 
elevated tract of country in the colony, and forms the watershed between the streams 
flowing W. and N. to the Murrumbidgee, E. to the coast, and S. to the Snowy river. 
The W. portion consists of trap ridges, averaging 3000 feet in height, hxxt frequently 
rising into peaks that attain an elevation of 4000 feet. It terminates a little N. of 
the parallel of 36° in a remarkable mountain knot, from which several lateral and 
lofty ridges diverge in various directions. Among the more conspicuous summits of 
this range are Malady's peak and the head of Kybean river, the former of which rises 
to a height of 3880 feet, and the latter of 4010 feet above the level of the sea. The 
Brothers, Nimmitabel hill, Jennibruthera, Cooma hill, Codrington, Jejezerick hill, 
and Bobundara hill are also high peaks in this range. 

MONDADQ STATION {Wellington district); occupiers, Jones and Street; 
area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

MONGA (or Serjeant's Point), 35° 32' S. lat., 149° 58' E. long. {Co. St. 
Vincent), is a postal village in the electoral and police districts of Braid wood. It is 
situated on the Mongarlow river, 4 miles N. of the main line of road from Nelligen 
to Braidwood. The district is an alluvial mining one, the nearest diggings being 
Broad gully, adjoining the village, Warimbucca, 3 miles N., and Fagan's creek, 4 
miles S. At a distance of 2 miles from the village higher up the river are situated 2 
saw mills. The nearest places are Araluen, a mining township, 15 miles S. ; Nelligen, 
30 miles S. E. , at the head of the Clyde river navigation, and Braidwood (the nearest 
telegraph station), 9 miles W.S.W. With Braidwood and Araluen the communication 
is by horse or dray only along a bush track, and with Nelligen by coach. With Sydney, 
200 miles N.N.E., the communication is by steamer from Nelligen twice a week. The 
nearest hotels are at Braidwood, where the district circuit court is held. The sur- 
rounding country is elevated and very mountainous ; there is abundance of good 
timber, iron and stringy bark, gum, box, and blackwood in the locality. The geo- 
logical formation is, for the most part, of quartz gravel, resting on schists ; to the 
W. , however, the country is of granitic formation. The climate is cool, and not 
subject to the hot winds of other parts of the colony. The soil is good, and produces 
in abundance the fruits and vegetables of the British isles, those of S. Europe not 
arriving at proper maturity. The population numbers about 300 persons, including 
those engaged in agricultural and mining pursuits. 

MONGARLOW (or Little River) GOLD FIELDS {Co. St. Vincent) is a tract 
of auriferous country, lying on the Mongarlow river, and forming part of the Shoal- 
haveh diggings ; it lies to the E. of the township of Marlow, and N. of Braidwood, 
and on the coast road from the latter place to Sydney, via Nowra. Monga is the 
principal town. These workings lie amidst thickly scrubbed granitic ranges, the 
formation being schistose, and the bed of the river has been worked three or four times. 
The poprdation is a mining one, and numbers about 500 persons, of whom half are 
Chinamen. 

M0NGARL0W RIVER ( Co. St. Vincent) is an important auriferous stream, 
rising near the township of Monga, and flowing in a N. direction through the Mon- 
garlow gold fields and the township of Marlow, into the Shoalhaven river, about 3 
miles N. N. W. of the latter place. It is fed by several small creeks, most of them 
more or less auriferous. Ferruginous quartz conglomerate, overlying auriferous lower 
silurian slates. This river flows in a N. direction about 60 miles ; it runs rapidly 
through a narrow valley, almost destitute of vegetation, to its confluence with the 
Shoalhaven. 

MONGARLOW {Co. St. Vincent). See Monga. 

M0NGER00 STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupiers, Bagot, C. T. and 



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Clibbon, J. ; area, 36,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£30. 

M0NG0G0RY STATION ( Clarence district) ; occupiers, Fanning, William and 
Frederick; area, 48,400 acres ; grazing capability, 7000 sheep. Charges, £70. 

M0NG0LA STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Logan, Robert James ; 
area, 40,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1500 head of cattle. The old charges were' 
£92 16s. 3d. ; the recently appraised rental is £150. 

M0NKERAI {Go. Gloucester) is a postal hamlet in the parish of Trevor, 
electoral district of the Williams, and police district of port Stephens. It is situated. 
on the Karuah river, about 20 miles W. of the mount Royal range. The district is. 
agricultural and pastoral, there being no mining operations carried on in the neigh- 
bourhood. Cultivation is principally confined to the alluvial soil on the banks of 
the river, the breeding and pasturage of cattle being also carried on to some extent, 
although not as a separate pursuit, both for market and domestic use. The nearest 
places are, Stroud, 15 miles S.E., and Dungog,12 miles S.W. The communication is 
by horse or dray. With Sydney, 136 miles S., the communication is from Stroud to 
Raymond terrace by coach, and thence by steamer. The roads in the district are 
little better than tracks cleared of timber. Hitherto these tracks have received but 
little attention from government, and are sadly in need of repair — so much so, in 
fact, that, depending for their supplies on Dungog and Stroud, the inhabitants are 
sometimes put to serious inconvenience for want of the necessaries of life. The usual 
mode of conveyance for the produce of the district is by bullock dray to Booral wharf, 
thence by river craft down the Karuah to Pumpkin point, whence the goods, being 
trans-shipped to vessels of heavier tonnage, are conveyed to Sydney. Monkerai is a. 
hamlet of recent formation, and is yet, so to speak, in its infancy. A post office has 
only very lately been established, which has, however, relieved a great want, and 
added much to the comfort and convenience of the inhabitants. There is a National 
school, where Divine service is performed every Sabbath for the benefit of the settlers. 
The geological formation is carbonaceous sandstone. The surrounding country is 
mountainous, and thickly covered with gigantic timber. The mountains are com- 
posed of sandstone rock, the low lands lying along the banks of the river being formed 
of rich alluvium, in most cases exceedingly fertile. The population numbers about. 
150 persons, 

M0E"0L0N RANGE [Albert district) is a chain of low sandstone hills, lying on 
the W. side of the Darling river, about 160 miles N, of Menindie. 

MONTAGU ISLAND, 36° 16' S. lat., 150° 14' E. long. [Co. Dampier), is a rocky 
islet, lying about 3 miles from the coast, and N.E. by E. of mount Dromedary. This 
island attains an elevation of 210 feet above the level of the sea, and is nearly 2 miles 
in length, from N. to S. It has 12 fathoms of water, with a rocky bottom, on its W. 
side. Sandstone. 

M0NTEAGLE is a county in the pastoral district of Lachlan. It contains. 
8855 acres of alienated land, and 848,115 acres unalienated. Its present boundaries, 
however, are open to modification. 

M0NTEFI0RES {Go. Bligh) is a private postal township, in the parish of Wel- 
lington, and electoral and police districts of Wellington. It is situated at the junction 
of the Bell and Macquarie rivers, 230 miles W. from Sydney, on the Main Western 
road, and is separated from the adjacent government township of Wellington by the 
Macquarie river, to which there is no bridge, but a punt has been placed on the river 
by the government. In ordinary seasons crossing is effected by a ford near Mr. Sor- 
wall's new stores. The Bell and Macquarie rivers consist of alternate waterholes and 
shallow channels, supplying the farmers and graziers with a constant supply of pure, 
clear water. In times of flood the latter, however, presents the appearance of an im- 
mense inland lake, covering the adjacent lands in many places to the width of half a mile 
and bearing down its central torrent immense trees and carcases of horses, sheep, and cattle,, 
which have been swept away by its turbulent waters. This district is partly an agri- 
cultural one, there being a steam flour mill (Dunlop's) about 2 miles up the Macquarie 
river. It is, however, chiefly a pastoral district, there being gold workings on 
Mitchell's creek, about 9 miles distant. A quartz-crushing machine (Matthew's; is at 
work in that locality, and, from the quantity of gold obtained there, it may be fairly 
surmised that the district is a good payable one. The nearest places are Wellington- 



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(on the opposite bank of the river), and Dubbo, 30 miles N.W., both on the Main 
Western line of road. The communication with the former place is by a punt, and 
with the latter by mail coach. With Sydney, 198 miles E., the communication is by 
Cobb's coach, via Orange and Bathurst, to Penrith, and thence by rail. The nearest 
schools are at Wellington, where is also the nearest telegraph station and district 
court. Montefiores has a temporary wooden building used as a church of England 
and a Sunday school. The hotels are the Post Office and the Sportsman's Arms. There 
is a post office in the town, 2 stores, and the office of the crown lands commissioner. 
The surrounding district consists of tracts of rich alluvial soil along the banks of the 
rivers, with hills in the background. There is plenty of good timber, and game of 
various kinds, kangaroo, turkeys, wild duck, pigeons, quail, &c, abounds. In the 
deep waterholes of the Macquarie splendid codfish and bream are plentiful, some of 
them having been caught weighing as much as 7 lbs. each. The geological formation 
is principally trap and limestone, with basaltic and granitic plains towards the N.W. 
The population numbers 125 persons. 

MOOD AN A BACK of BACK STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Smith, 
Thos. Arkell; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

M00DANA BACK RUN STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Smith, Thos. 
Arkell ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 2s. 

M00DANA BACK STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Smith, Thomas 
Arkell ; area and grazing capability, uncertain. Charges, £30. 

M00DANA STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Smith, Th. Arkell ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

M00D0NG CREEK (Co. St. Vincent) is a W. tributary of the Deua river, or 
upper part of the Moruya river. Granite and slate. 

M00GARN00LA STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Davis, Alfred ; 
area, 19,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £32. 

M00KI RIVER (Cos. Buckland and Pottinger). See Conadilly River. 

MOOKI RIVER STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Clift, W. J. 
J. S. and G. ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The old charges 
were £60 ; the recently appraised rental is £290. 

M00KI SPRINGS {Co. Pottinger), some springs lying to the N. of the hamlet 
of Kickerbell, and W. of the Mooki river, into which their overflow drains. Sand- 
stone shales. 

MOOKI SPRINGS STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Elford, 
Isabella ; area, 17,920 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were 
£40 ; the recently appraised rental is £80 2s. 6d. 

MOOKI STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Reynolds, Mrs. Amelia 
C. ; area, 33,920 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were un- 
certain ; the recently appraised rental is £100. 

M00LANGAN STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Lowe, C. B. ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old charges, £30 ; new appraise- 
ment, £50. 

M00LA&BEN CREEK (Co. Bligh) is one of the heads of the Goulburn river, 
rising in mount Betealween, and flowing N.W. about 20 miles through rugged sand- 
stone country. 

M00LPA BACK RUN STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Mein, 
<G. A. and N. ; area, 15,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £35. 

M00LPA STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Mein, N. and A. G. ; 
estimated area, 115,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The old charges were 
uncertain ; the recently appraised rental is £120. 

M00LUM00LA MOUNT (Co. Buckland) is a peak in a range of low granite 
hills, lying to the E. of Carroll. Sandstone and slate. 

M00MB00LD00L, N., STATION (Lacklan district); occupier, Darlow, 
Thomas ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 



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M00MB00LD00L STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Darlow, Thomas ; 
area, 22,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

MOOMUNNTJR MOUNT (Co. Butter). See Wilson's Peak. 

MOON ABA STATION (Macleay district); occupier, Ducot, W. G.; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £10. 

M00NA-M00NA CREEK (Co. St. Vincent) is a small creek at the N. end of 
the St. George's basin. Sandstone. 

M00NAM00N CUMA STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, M 'Every, James; 
area, 22,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £125. 

MOON AN (or Moonan Brook) 31° 59' S. lat., 151° 45' E. long. {Co. Brisbane), 
is a postal hamlet on the Denison or Upper Hunter gold fields, in the parish of 
Moonan, electoral district of Upper Hunter, and police district of Scone. It is 
situated on the Moonan brook, or Bell's creek, an affluent of the Hunter river, which 
flows within a distance of 4 miles W. The Omadale creek is 6 miles N. N. E. , and 
Stewart's brook 7 miles S.W., both those creeks being auriferous. Moonan lies in a 
valley formed by the divergence of the spurs of the New England range, and is con- 
sequently nestled in mountains, the most prominent of which is Blue mountain, whose 
elevation, according to the report of the Rev. W. B. Clarke, is 4337 feet above the 
level of the sea. This mountain, as well as othex-s of less magnitude, rise immediately 
from the banks of the creek, and are evidently of volcanic origin. The district is a 
pastoral, agricultural, and mining one ; there are several squatting establishments in 
the vicinity, and agriculture is extensively carried on upon the rich alluvial banks of 
the Hunter. Little or no attention has been paid to alluvial gold workings, but 
quartz-mining is vigorously carried on. There are 3 quartz-crushing machines erected 
in the locality, two of which are driven by water, and one by steam-power. The 
nearest diggings to the Denison are those of the Hanging Rock, distant 35 miles 
N.N.W. The nearest places are Scone, the next telegraph station on the Great 
Northern road, 35 miles distant W., and Belltrees, the fine estate of F. White, 
Esq., and a polling place for the Upper Hunter electorate, 15 miles S.W. on the road 
from Moonan to Scone. There are no public means of conveyance between these 
places, the journey being usually performed on horseback, over a good road in dry 
weather. Owing, however, to the Hunter, in its tortuous course, having to be crossed 
two or three times, frequently the road is, in time of heavy flood, impassable, although, from 
the great fall of the country which the river drains, the floods seldom remain more 
than two or three days together. With Sydney, 215 miles S.E., the communication 
is by horse or dray to Scone, 35 miles, thence 15 miles by coach to Musclebrook, 
thence by coach 30 miles to Singleton, thence to Newcastle by rail 54 miles, and 
thence 70 miles by steamer. Moonan has a post office, with a bi-weekly mail, 2 
stores, and 1 hotel, the Gold Diggers' Arms (Simpson's). The repairs of the line of 
road from Moonan to Scone is carried on under the Main Roads Act, and receives an 
annual grant of £7 per mile, which is expended under the superintendence of the road 
surveyor for the first district of the Great Northern road. The country in the imme- 
diate vicinity of Moonan is of a mountainous character, intersected by numerous 
rivulets ; there are several conical hills of volcanic formation, consisting almost wholly 
of clay slate, mica slate, and innumerable quartz veins. The general geological for- 
mation of the district is clay and micaceous slate, and quartz rock containing vesicles 
filled with sulphates of copper and iron ; the quartz rock is strongly impregnated with 
granular gold, which, on being crushed, has yielded from^ dwts. to as much as 5 ozs. 
per ton. The population of the township and surrounding country is about 400 
persons. There is at present no place of worship, but the Episcopalian and Presby- 
terian clergymen stationed at Scone visit the place periodically. 

M00NA PLAINS STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Crawford, 
A. F. ; area, 16,000 ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

M00NBAK, STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Pendergast and Barry, 
John ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Charges, £83 8s. 9d. 

M00NBILL BLOCK No. 9 STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Mort, 
Cameron, and Buchanan; area, 14,000 acres ; grazing capability, 400 sheep. Charges, 
£30. 



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MOONBI, 31° 5' S. lat., 151° 3' E. long. [Co. Inglis), is a postal township, in 
the electoral district of Liverpool plains, and police district of Tain worth. It is 
situated on the Moonbi creek, at the foot of the Great Moonbi (or New England) 
range of mountains, and to the 1ST. of the Cockburn riv T er. The district is, for the 
most part, a pastoral one, the soil producing rich grass, and being generally of granite 
debris, bat the flats along the banks of the Cockburn river and the numerous small 
•creeks which feed it are very fertile, and well adapted for agricultural purposes. The flats, 
containing some thousands of acres, are all taken up under the new land regulations, 
and are mostly under cultivation. Gold has been found within a few miles of 
Moonbi, but there are no regular workings. Tamworth lies to the S.W., about 12 
miles distant, and Bendemeer about 12 miles N., the communication with both being 
by the Northern coaches daily. With Sydney, 262 miles S. E. , the communication is 
by coach to Singleton, 148 miles, thence by rail to Newcastle, and thence by steamer. 
Moonbi has a post office and store, and 2 hotels, the Coach and Horses and the 
Moonbi ; also a mail station, where the changes of horses are kept for the coaches. 
It is on the telegraph line of road, but there is no station, the nearest being at Tam- 
worth or Bendemeer. The surrounding country is mountainous, and the geological 
formation granitic. The population of the actual township of Moonbi numbers 
35 persons, although there are numerous settlers scattered over the surrounding 
district. 

MOONBI CREEK {Co. Inglis) is a small W. tributary of the Cockburn river, 
rising in mount Bullimbala, and flowing S. through the township of Moonbi, about 
16 miles, watering good pastoral country in its course. Upper and middle palaeozoic. 

MOONBI RANGE ( Co. Parry) is a spur of the New England range of mountains, 
branching off to the W. near the head of the Muluerindie river, and running in a 

feneral N.W. direction, separating the waters of the Muluerindie from those of the 
'eel river. The highest peak of this range attains an altitude of 3593 feet above 
the level of the sea. Sandstone and granite, with much schist. 

MOONBI STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Gill, John ; area, 
25,600 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. The nearest post town is Moonbi. 
Old charges, £80 ; the new appraisement is £80. 

M0QNBBIA, W., STATION {Murrumbidgee district); occupier, Crichton, 
Robert ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £94. 

M00NBHIA STATION [Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Crichton, Robert ; 
area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Denili- 
quin. Charges, £34 4s. 

M00NBUCA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Caldwell, Saml. ; area, 
39,680 acres ; grazing capability, 900 head of cattle. The old charges were £54 13s. 
9d. ; the recently appraised rental is £80. 

M00NEY-M00NEY CREEK (Co. Northumberland) is a small stream flowing 
into the N. of Broken bay by a wide estuary. Sandstone. 

M00NEY-M0GNEY POINT (Co. Northumberland) is a tongue of land, forming 

the N. head of the confluence of the Mooney-Mooney creek with Broken bay. There 
is a ferry over Broken bay from this point to Kangaroo point, on the road from New- 
castle, via lake Maccpiarie to Sydney. Sandstone. 

MOONEY-MOONEY RANGE {Co. Harden) is a range of low scrubby hills, 
lying on the S. of the Great South road, lying between Jugiong and Coolac. The 
principal peak is known as Mooney-Mooney hill, and is a prominent landmark in the 
district. Granite and limestone. 

M00NEE STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Boyd, William ; area, 32,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Condobolin. Charges, 
£30. 

M00NG00N00LA BACK STATION [Warrego district); occupier, Eather, 
Charles ; area, 25, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32. 

M00NIE CREEK (Co. Raleigh) is a small drainage creek, falling into the ocean 
about 9 miles N. of the Bellinger river. Sandstone. 

M00NIE RIVER {Co. Benarba, Gicgdir district) is a W. tributary of the head 



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367 



of the Barwon, or upper Darling, rising in Queensland, and flowing S. through scrubby- 
plains, with occasional swamps and reed beds. Pliocene tertiary. 

MOON ISLAND ( Co. Northumberland) is a small rocky islet, lying at the entrance 
to lake Macquarie, or Reid's Mistake. Sandstone. 

MOONY-MOONY STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Reane, Patrick ; 
area, 2000 acres ; grazing capability, 100 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£24 Is. 3d.; the recently appraised rental is £14. 

M00RABACK STATION {New England district) ; occupier, uncertain ; area, 
20,480 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. 

M00RABIE STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Eales, John ; estimated area, 
17,500 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £80 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £220. 

M00RABIN STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, Jamieson, H. and B. 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. 
Charges, £31. 

M00RAL LOWER STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Ramsay, David ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Booligal. Charges, £31. 

MD0RA-M00RA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Lee, William ■ area, 
27,000 acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

MOORE CREEK (Co. Inglis) is a small N. tributary of the Peel river, rising in 
mount Purrenbyden, N. W. of Moonbi, and flowing W. about 20 miles into the Peel 
at Attunga. Upper and middle palaeozoic. 

MOORE CREEK STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Gill, John; 
area, 19,840 acres; grazing capability, 10,000 sheep. Old charges, £25; new appraise- 
ment, £110. 

MOORE'S LAGOON (Co. Northumberland). See Bulbarning Lake. 

M00RIL00 CREEK (Co. Biickland). See Phillips's Creek. 

M00RNA (Co. Wentworth) is a small village on the Murray river, lying about 20 
miles W. of Wentworth. It has a steamer wharf and 1 hotel, the Moorna (Coomb's). 
The road from Wentworth to Adelaide passes through the village. The population is 
small and scattered. Pliocene tertiary. 

MOORNA STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Crozier, John; area, 53,760 
acres ; grazing . capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Wentworth. 
Charges, £161. 

M00R0GAN MOUNT (Co. Goiven) is a peak of the Warrabungle range of 
mountains lying at the head of the Baronne river. Granite and schist. 

: M00R00MGATTA STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Capel, John ; 
estimated area, 24, 320 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £59 
12s. ; the recently appraised rental is £110. 

M00R0WBA (Co. Parry) is a peak of the Peel range, lying on the N.E. of the 
township of Carroll, distant about 4 miles. Sandstone. 

M00RPA STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Crosier, John; area, 15,360 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Wentworth. 
Charges ,~£32 2s. ' 

M00THUMB00L STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Clarke, Walter ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Condobolin. 
Charges, £37. 

M00TWINGEE STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Miller, Hon. Henry; 
area, 96,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

M0PPITY GAP (Cos, Harden and Montearjle) is a passage over the ranges, 
lying to the S.E. of the township of Yoang, on the road from Murrimboola to Mur- 
ringo, about 13 miles N, of the former place. Granite and limestone. 



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[Moq — Mob 



MOQUILAMBA STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Smith, J. S. ; area, 
64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £60. 

MORAGO STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Chave, T. 0. ; esti- 
mated area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 10,000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Deniliquin. The old charges were £100 ; the recently appraised rental is £225. 

MORANGARELL {Co. MonteagU) is a small postal village in the electoral dis- 
trict of the Lachlan and police district of Binalong. It is situated on the Bland 
creek. The nearest township being Young, 45 miles distant, with which there is- 
communication by horse only. With Sydney, 330 miles N.E., the communication is 
by horse or dray to Yass, thence by Cobb's coach to Picton, and thence by rail. The 
surrounding country is flat, and composed chiefly of metamorphic slate. 

M0RAMBILLA STATION {BUgh district) ; occupier, Walker,! Mrs. R. R. - r 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1280 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£80 ; the recently appraised rental is £90. 

M0RBELLA, W., STATION (Wellington district)-, occupier, Cope, Joseph; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £57 lis. 

M0RBELLA STATION ( Wellington district) • occupier, Cope, Joseph ; area, 
16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £34 4s. 

M0RBRINGER STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Lester, William 
area, 15,000 acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. The nearest post town is Albury- 
Charges, £50. 

MORDIE STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Boyd, William; area, 32,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

MORE DEVIL STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Morehead 
and Young; area, 11,520 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £52 8s. 

M0REDUN CREEK {New England district) is a small E. tributary of the head 
of the Bundarra river, rising in county Hardinge, and flowing W. into the main 
stream, from near the crossing of the Stonehenge and Inverell road. The country through 
which it flows is of fine pastoral and agricultural capability. The geological formation 
is hornblendic granite. 

MOREDUN STATION (Co. Hardinge, New England district) ; occupier, Wau- 
chope, A.; area, 76,800 acres ; grazing capability, 14,000 sheep ; is situated in the 
new valley on the Moredun creek, near the township of Bundarra. Old charges, 
£140 ; new appraisement, £196. 

MOREE, 29° 32' S. lat., 149° 47' E. long. {Co Courallie), is a postal town, in 
the electoral and police districts of the Gwydir. It is situated in a flat, watered by 
a small creek, 2 miles S. of the Gwydir or Big river, and near Hall's lagoons and the 
Weah-Waa creek. Moree lies in the midst of a rich pastoral district, some of the 
land, which is admirably adapted for agriculture, being taken up by settlers, who 
grow corn, potatoes, peaches, and grapes, the latter thriving remarkably well. The 
nearest diggings are those of Bingera, 60 miles distant. The nearest townships are 
that place, 60 miles S.E. ; Warialda, 52 miles E. ; and Narrabri, 70 miles S. With 
these places there is communication by horse or dray only, the mail being conveyed on 
horseback weekly. With Sydney, 415 miles S.E., the communication is by horse to 
Tamworth (the nearest telegraph station), thence by coach to Singleton, thence by 
rail to Newcastle, and thence by steamer. Another route is by mail coach from 
Narrabri to Singleton, and thence as before. There are 2 hotels in the township, the 
Cabar Fae (M'Kenzie's), and the Moree (Traynor's). The only public buildings are 
the post office, whence weekly mails are sent to Narrabri, Warialda, Kunopia, and 
Yarawa ; a police station (with 2 mounted troopers), and a public pound. The court 
of petty sessions is held at the Cabar Fae hotel once a month, and there is one large 
store (M'Kenzie's). The surrounding country below Moree is flat and swampy, above 
the township the country is hilly and well wooded. The geological formation i3 
chiefly pliocene tertiary, with occasional outbreaks of granite and limestone. The 
population numbers 43 persons. 

MOREE STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupier, Napier, Robert ; area, 12,000 



Mor] 



acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Moree. The 
old charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £80. 

MORELLA STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Walker, W. G. ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

M0REMBQNE, NEW, STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Christie and 
Wentworth ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32 2s. 

MORGAN'S GULLY CREEK ( Co. Wellington) is a small W. tributary of the 
Frederick's Valley creek. Sandstone and schist. 

M0RLIE STATION. See Bobrah. 

MORN A POINT and BAY, 32 3 48' S. lat., 152° 9' E. long. {Co. Durham), is a 
rocky promontory and sandy bight, to the N. of it, lying a few miles S. of port 
Stephens. Sandstone. 

MOROCCO STATION {Murrumbidgee district); occupiers, McLaurin and Sons; 
area, 51,200 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Denili- 
quin. The old charges were £120 ; the recently appraised rental is £316. 

M0R00WIN BROOK {Co. Macquarie) is a small tributary of the head of 
Wilson's river. Sandstone and shale. 

MORPETH (or Green) HILLS, 32° 50' S. lat., 151° 29' E. long. {Co. Northum- 
berland), is a postal and electoral town, in the parishes of Alnwick and Morpeth, in the 
electoral district of Morpeth, and police district of Maitland. It is situated at the 
head of the navigation of the Hunter river, 96 miles N. of Sydney, the Paterson join- 
ing that river half a mile E. of the township. The district is an agricultural and coal 
mining one, there being 4 coal pits opened and in full operation, the Alnwick, 7 miles ; 
the Woodford, 65 miles ; and 2 on the Four-mile creek, all lying in a S. direction. 
There is 1 steam flour mill, 1 foundry and agricultural implement manufactory, a soap 
and candle works, and a tobacco manufactory. Morpeth is situated on the S. bank of 
the Hunter river, on rising ground, and is extremely well adapted for carrying on large 
manufactories, being well supplied with good coal and water, and being surrounded by 
an alluvial district, deservedly called the garden of the Hunter. The nearest places 
areHinton, situated on the opposite bank of the Hunter, distant half a mile from Morpeth, . 
and bearing N.E. ; Largs (or Dunmore), 3 miles N. W. ; Narrowgut and Bolwarra, both 
bearing N. W. , and from 1 to 3 miles distant; East Maitland, 3 miles W. ; West Maitland, 
4 miles N.W. With the two Maitlands the communication is by railway and coach, 
there being a branch line of the Great Northern railway from East Maitland to Mor- 
peth, passenger and goods trains running thrice a day. A mail cart runs to Hinton, 
Seaham, and Dungog, 40 miles ; a small steamer to Patei*son, and the daily steamer 
to Raymond terrace. With Sydney, 96 miles S. , there is communication by steam- 
ers running daily at 7 a.m., and twice per week at 2 p.m.; also by rail to Newcastle, 
and thence by steamer. Morpeth has a branch of the Commercial Banking company, 
also branches of the United, Sydney, Northern, and Australian Mutual Provident 
Insurance companies. There are no institutions of a purely benevolent character in 
the township, the nearest hospital being at West Maitland. There is a 
court house, a post office and. money order office, a school of arts, a 
telegraph station, a capacious railway terminus, and a building society in full opera- 
tion. The Bishop of Newcastle (church of England) has his seat at Morpeth. There are 5 
places of worship in connection with various religious bodies ; there are 4 public schools, 1 
National and 3 Denominational ; also 3 private schools, conducted by ladies. About 
300 children attend the public schools. A municipality is about being formed in 
Morpeth, and has already been gazetted. There is a bi-weekly newspaper (the 
Morpeth Leader) published in the town on Wednesdays and Saturdays. A company 
has been formed to carry out the manufacture of sugar, and the necessary machinery 
ordered from England. Coal shoots are formed from the railway station to the 
Queer) 's wharf. The hotels are the Commercial, Wheat Sheaf, Globe, Crown and 
Anchor, Morpeth, Gold Diggers' Arms, Rock of Cashel, Farmers' United Home, 
Hunter River, Caledonian, and Steam Packet. The carrying offices are the railway 
station and the two steamers' wharves, (1, a very large one, belonging to the Austra- 
lasian Steam Navigation Company, and 1 to the Hunter River New Steam Navi- 
gation Co. ) Morpeth is under the control of a road trust. The surrounding country 
to the N.N.E. and N.W. is fine alluvial soil, all under cultivation, lucerne and maize 



370 



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[Mor 



being grown abundantly. This part of the country is flat, bounded by a mountain 
range 10 or 12 miles distant. Southerly the country is hilly and undulating. The 
cultivation of the sugar cane has lately received much attention in the neighbour- 
hood, and it seems to thrive well. The geological formation is the lower coal mea- 
sure ; the town itself is built upon sandstone, and the quarries in it produce ex- 
cellent stone for building purposes. The population of Morpeth numbers 1450 persons, 
and the number of dwellings is 304. 

The Morpeth electoral district embraces a S. portion of the county of Durham, 
and a N. portion of the county of Northumberland ; and is bounded on the E. , from 
the point where the road from Maitland to Raymond terrace meets the boundary line 
between John Eales' 2100 acres, and Francis Moran's 2460 acres, by the W. boundary 
of Moran's 2460 acres N. to the river Hunter, and by a line crossing the river Hunter 
to the S.W. corner of W. Hickey's 600 acres ; thence by the W. boundary of that 
land and its continuation N. through Clyment's 2000 acres, forming the E. boundary 
of Thomas Bartie's 2560 acres, and passing through Andrew Dixon's 1600 acres to the 
S. boundary of Hugh Torrens' 2000 acres ; on the N. by that boundary, W. , to the 
S.W. corner of that land, by a line thence to the S.E. corner of W. Dunn's 1300 
acres, and by the S. boundary of that land to the river Paterson ; on the W. by the 
river Paterson, downward, to where the road from the Maitland and Paterson road 
to Lang's meets that river, thence by that road to the Maitland and Paterson road, by 
that road, S. , to the N. boundary of J. Brown's 2030 acres, called Bolwarra, by that 
boundary, E. , to the river Hunter, by that river, upwards, to the W. boundary line 
between J. Griffiths' 200 acres and E. C. Close's 2050 acres, by the W. and S. boun- 
daries of Close's 2050 acres, S. and E., and by the W. boundaries of Close's 560 
acres, and Joseph Moore's 2560 acres, S., to the road from Maitland to Raymond 
terrace; and on the S. by the road from Maitland to Raymond terrace, E., to the 
boundary line between John Eales' and Francis Moran's land, aforesaid. This 
electorate comprises part of the Maitland district, and returns 1 member to the 
Legislative Assembly, the present representative being J. Campbell, Esq. The number 
of registered electors in this district is 863, of whom 527 voted at the last general election. 

M0EPHETT CREEK (Albert district) is a stream rising in the Barrier range, 
and flowing in a W. direction. Sandstone. 

M0ERANGQEAL STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Campbell and 
McGregor ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £50 ; the recently appraised rental is £90. 

MOKE-IS' LAGOON (Co. G'qjps) is a small swampy lagoon, formed by the over- 
flow of the Yeylo creek. It lies about 20 miles W. of Cowal lake, in the plain 
between the Lachlan and Murrumbidgee rivers. Pliocene tertiary. 

MQEEISETT'S (or Wallis's) CHAIN OF PONDS (Bliyh district) is a series 
of waterholes, lying in the flats between the Macquarie and Castlereagh rivers, and 
subject to floods which inundate the surrounding plains. 

MQEEISSET POINT (Co. Northumberland). See Lake Macquarie. 

HOE-TON'S CREEK ( Co. Macquarie) is a small creek, flowing into the Hastings 
river about 4 miles N.E. of Huntingdon, and adjoining Morton's estate. This creek 
falls into the Hastings at the head of the navigation, and is influenced by the tidal ebb 
and flow. Sandstone and limestone. 

M0ETJBEN MOUNT (Co. Northumberland) is a peak in the Hunter range of 
mountains, lying in the parish of Moruben, on the E. bank of the Macdonald river, 
and about 18 miles S.E. of Wollombi. Sandstone. 

M0EUMBATEMAN CREEK {Co. Murray) is a S. tributary of the Yass 
river, flowing in the E. part of the Yass plains, along the side of the road from Gun- 
daroo to Yass. Limestone and slate. 

M0EUNDAH STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Jenkins, F. ; area, 
82,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £38 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £100. 

M0KUMDUEEY MOUNT (Co. Roxburgh) is a lofty peak of the Blue mountain 
range, lying on the S. bank of the Capertee river, about 12 miles N. of Cullen Bullen. 
Sandstone. 



Mor — Mos] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



371 



MORUYA, 35° 52' S. lat., 150° 3' E. long. {Co. Dumpier), is a postal seaport 
town, in the electoral district of Eden, and police district of Bronlee, situated on 
the S. bank of the Moruya river, about 4 miles from its mouth— the Mogendora, 
the Wanban, and the Burrah creeks falling into it in the neighbourhood. The 
Mogendora is situated 2 miles above the town, the Wanban 5 miles, and the Burrah 
8 miles. The Tuross and Coilah saltwater lakes are situated about 8 miles S. of 
Moruya, near the Tuross river, and abound in fish, large quantities of which are 
caught and sent for sale to the Gulf and Araluen diggings. To the W. of the town- 
ship lies an extremely picturesque chain of mountains. Moruya is an agricultural and 
quartz mining district. The mines are situated about 4 miles to the S. W. of the town- 
ship, and are worked by the Moruya Silver Mining company and the Bergalia Gold 
Mining company. There are also a few private parties raising quartz on the Donkey 
Mil, at a small distance from the Silver Mining company's works. There are 2 
quartz-crushing mills, a steam engine for raising quartz, a steam flour mill, and a 
tobacco factory in Moruya. There is a branch of the Sydney Insurance company. 
The nearest townships are Coilah and Broulee. Coilah is situated about 7 miles to 
-the S. of Moruya, on the road to Bodalla and the Gulf diggings, near Coilah lake. 
Broulee is situated about 8 miles to the N. E. of Moruya, on the bay of that name, and 
was formerly the principal township in the district, but is now nearly deserted. 
There are no regular means of communication with the latter place. A van, carry- 
ing the mail to Bodalla, passes through Coilah twice a week. With Sydney, 198 miles 
N. , the communication is by steamer once a week, or overland by spring cart to Bate- 
man's bay, a distance of 20 miles, and thence by Clyde river steamer. Moruya has a 
post and money order office, a court of petty sessions, and a mutual improvement 
society. There are 4 churches, 2 Denominational schools, a grammar school, and a 
ladies' school. A newspaper, the Moruya Examiner, is published once a week. The 
nearest telegraph station is Araluen, distant 30 miles. The want of a dray road to 
this place is much felt, there being a good market for produce there, which has at 
present to be conveyed by pack horses. The hotels are the Kildare, Gold Diggers', 
Queen's Head, and Currency Lass. The surrounding country consists of fine, rich, 
alluvial flats, mostly under cultivation, and good undulating forest land. The geo- 
logical formation is grey granite, succeeded by schists and quartzites, which pass into 
roofing slates in soma localities, the gold being due to the presence of hornblende. 

MORUYA (or Deua) BIVER {Co. Dampier) is a tine stream, rising near Ara- 
luen, and flowing in a S. E. direction past the townships of Kiora and Moruya, into the 
-ocean by a wide estuary. This estuary is a bar harbour for steamers and vessels of 
light draught, and is the only outlet by water for the produce of the Araluen and 
Braidwood districts, with their gold fields. A breakwater is now in course of con- 
struction, and it is confidently hoped, that when finished, the depth of water will be 
increased thereby. The flagstaff at Moruya river is in 35° 54' 40" S. lat., 150° 19' 18" 
E. long. The length of the Moruya river is 80 miles, and it drains an area of 350 
square miles. Sandstone and slate. 

M0RVEN {Co. Goulburn) is a small agricultural village, lying 34 miles distant 
from Albury. 

M0RVEN STATION" {New England district) ; occupier, Rodgers, William ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

M0RVEN STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Walker, W. G. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

. M0SGEIL STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, De Sailly, F. and G. P. 
area, 14,000 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. The nearest post town is BooligaL 
Charges, £31. 

MOSSMAN'S BAY (or Great Sirius Cove) (native name, Goram-bulla- 
gong) {Co. Cumberland) is a long, narrow indentation into the N. shore of port Jack- 
son, running up to a fine sandy beach, and receiving the waters of a small creek, on 
which is a beautiful waterfall. This bay is one of great beauty, and is a favourite 
place of resort for pic-nic parties. The Messrs. Mossman formerly had a whaling 
establishment in this cove. It lies opposite Rushcutter's bay. Sandstone. 

M0SGLUIT0 CREEK STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupier, Blake, Andrew ; 
.area, 46,080 acres; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£60 ; the recently apjjraised rental is £60. 



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MOSQUITO ISLAND (or Kooragaxg) {Co. Northumberland) is a large island 
in the Hunter river, lying about 5 miles W. of Newcastle, and separated from Ash 
island by a narrow channel. It is formed of raised sand, with alluvial drift, to the 
E. and W. It derives its name from the number of mosquitos which infest it. The 
estate of Kooragang is in the centre of the island, and produces oranges, grapes, 
bananas, and other fruits. Sandy drift and alluvial and huviatile deposit. 

MOTHER-OF-DUCKS LAGOON {Co. Sandon) is a large waterhole, about 10 
miles in circumference, lying about 4 miles S. of the township of Falconer. It is fre- 
cpiented with numerous flocks of wild ducks, teal, and other acpiatic birds. Sandstone. 

MOULAMEIN, 35° 4' S. lat., 144° 6' E. long. {Co. Wakool), is a postal township 
in the parish of Moulamein, electoral district of the Murray, and police district of 
Moidamein. It is situated at the junction of the Billabong creek and the Hyalite or 
Edward river, the district being exclusively a pastoral one. The nearest places are 
Balranald, 52 miles N.W. ; Swan hill (Victoria), 42 miles S.W. ; Baratta, 35 miles S.E. ; 
and Denilicpiin, 72 miles S.E. With these places there is communication by coach 
twice a week, and with Sydney, 536 miles N. E. , by coach, via Wagga- Wagga (or 
Albury and Goulburn), to Picton, and thence by rail ; or, by way of Victoria, to 
Echuca by coach, thence to Melbourne by rail, and thence by steamer. Moulamein 
has a post office and stores, the nearest telegraph station is Deniliquin. The police 
and district courts are held in the township, and there are 2 hotels, the Moulamein 
(Burgess's) and the Traveller's Rest (Ashcroft's). The surrounding country consists of 
vast saltbush plains, with belts of myall scrub and box and gum forest. The geolo- 
gical formation is older pliocene tertiary, overlying yellow and blue clay. The popu- 
lation numbers about 100 persons. 

MOULAMEIN BLOCK (A) STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Mein, 
G. A. and N. ; area, 48,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Moulamein. Charges, £42. 

MOULAMEIN BLOCK (B) STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, 
Mein, G. A. and N. ; area, 48,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Moulamein. Charges, £45 4s. 

MOULAMEIN STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Robertson and 
Landale; area, 44,800 acres ; grazing capability, 9000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Moulamein. Charges, £120. 

MOULMAIN STATION {LacJdan district) ■ occupier, Moulder, Joseph ; area, 
27,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Con- 
dobolin. Charges, £30. 

MOUNT ADRA STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Sawyer and 
Dean ; area, 7500 acres ; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £28 15s. ; the recently appraised rental is £12 10s. 

MOUMIN CREEK ( Co. Courcdlie, Qwydir district) is a creek or series of water- 
holes, flowing through pastoral country, chiefly consisting of polygonum flats, from 
the Weah- Waa creek to the Gwydir river, near its mouth. Granite, with alluvial 
and swamp deposit. 

MOUNTAIN CREEK {Co. Cowley) is a fine stream, rising in the N. slope of 
mount Pabral, and flowing N. about 36 miles, into the Murrumbidgee river, about 3 
miles E. of the crossing of the Yass and Kiandra road. It flows through the Yass 
plains, and is fed by a small drainage called Flinty creek. Granite and schist. 

MOUNTAIN CREEK {Co. Goulbum). See Woomargarma Creek. 

MOUNTAIN CREEK STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Purtell 
and Dalton ; estimated area, 29,744 acres; grazing capability, 1280 head of cattle. 
The old charges were £80 ; the recently appraised rental is £80. 

MOUNTAIN HUT CREEK ( Co. Monteagle) is a small tributary of the head 
of the Cookoomingala creek, rising in some broken country to the E. of the township 
of Wambanumba, and flowing N. E. Granite, trap rock, and schist. 

MOUNTAIN RUN STATION {Wellington district); occupier, Forlonge, W.; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Forbes. 
Charges, £30. 



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373 



MOUNT COOPER STATION {3Iona.ro district) ; occupiers, Campbell and 
McKeachie; area, 18,584 acres; grazing capability, 7000 sheep. Charges, £122 10s. 

MOUNT DAWBERRY, N., STATION (Albert district); occupiers, Panton 
and Otway ; area, 04,000 acres; grazing capability, 200 head of cattle and 1000 sheep. 
Charges, £30. 

MOUNT DAWBERRY STATION (Albert' district) ; occupiers, Panton and 
Otway ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 200 head of cattle and 1000 sheep. 
Charges, £30. 

MOUNT DISPERSION, N.E., STATION {Darling district); occupier, 
McKenzie, D. : area, 128,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Euston. Charges, £30. 

MOUNT ELLIOTT ISLAND (Co. jYorthttmberlnml) is an island in Broken 
bay, opposite the entrance to the Broadwater (Brisbane water). Sandstone and 
alluvial deposit. 

MOUNT FOSTER NEW STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Christie 
and Wentworth ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Cannonbar. Old charges, £30 ; new appraisement, £100. 

MOUNT FOSTER STATION (Wellington district) ; occupiers, Cox, G-. H. 
and A. B. ; area, 22,400 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Cannonbar. The old charges were £50 ; the recently appraised rental is 
£100. 

MOUNT GIPPS STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, Cunningham and 
Macredie ; area, 128,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £50. 

MOUNT HUNTER RIVULET (Co. Camden) is a small tributary of the 
Nepean river. Sandstone and shale. 

MOUNT L0WRY CREEK ( Co. Darling) is a N. tributary of the Muluerindie 
river, rising in mount Lowry, and flowing S.S.W. about 16 miles through rugged 
pastoral country. Hornblendic granite. 

. MOUNT MCPHERSON BLOCK (A) STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, 
Chisholm, Andrew Seton ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. 
Charges, £30. 

MOUNT MCPHERSON, E STATION (Albert district) ■ occupiers, Kays, 
Butchart, and Dougharty ; area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. 
Charges, £30. 

MOUNT MCPHERSON (E) OUTER STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, 
Kays, Butchart, and Dougharty ; area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of 
cattle. Charges, £30. 

MOUNT McPHERSON STATION (Albert district); occupier, Chisholm, James ; 
area, 57,600 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old. charges, £35 ; new appraise- 
ments, £30. 

MOUNT MISERY STATION (Murrumbidgee district); occupier, Keighran, 
Michael H.; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

MOUNT MITCHELL STATION (New England district); occupier, Barker, John; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £57 
Ss. ; the recently appraised rental is £85. 

MOUNT MITCHELL (HALL'S) STATION (New England district) ; occupier, 
Hali, T. S. ; area, 102,400 acres ; grazing capability, 18,000 sheep. The old charges 
were £111 17s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £175. 

MOUNT PARK, EUROMEDAH STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, 
Ryrie and Alexander ; area, 32, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. Old 
charges, £50 ; new appraisement, £50. 

MOUNT PLEASANT (Co. Bathurst). See Pleasaxt Mouxt. 

MOUNT PLEASANT (Co. Camden). See Burrawaxg. 

MOUNT PLEASANT STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Bradley, William; 
area, 5200 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. Charges, £53 8s. 9d. 



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The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Mou — Mow 



MOUNT PLEASANT STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Garnock, 
George ; area, 5000 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Charges, £34 
Is. 3d. 

MOUNT ROYAL RANGE (Co. Durham) is a branch of the Liverpool range, 
commencing near the Hanging rock, and running thence in a S. direction. The N_ 
portion separates the streams flowing into the Manning from the tributaries of the 
Hunter, but further S. it projects into the valley of the latter river, sending off 
various sjmrs and ramifications, which form watersheds between the numerous 
affluents to the main stream. This range and its branches close in the E. side of the 
Himter river valley. Its highest point is 3000 feet above the level of the sea. The 
lower portions of the range are generally well timbered and lightly grassed, but the 
upper are rocky and barren. The formation is chiefly of ferruginous and carboni- 
ferous sandstone. 

MOUNT TENNANT CHEEK (Co. Cowley), a small W. tributary of the Gud- 
genby river, rising in mount Tennant, near the township of Thaywa, and flowing S.E. 
about 10 miles. Trap rock and slate. 

MOUNT, THE {Co. Bathurst) is a hill in the S. part of the county, in the parish 
of Coota, and about 3 miles E. of the township of Cowra. Granite. 

MOUNT VINCENT (Co. Northumberland) is a postal hamlet, in the electoral 
district of the Himter, and police district of Maitland. It is situated on the Mul- 
hrmg creek, under the Sugar Loaf mountain, the Broken Back range bearing W. The 
district is agricultural and. pastoral, the nearest places being E. Maitland, 15 miles, 
and AY. Maitland, 16 miles. The communication is by horse or dray only, and that 
with Sydney, 104 miles S.E., by rail from E. Maitland to Newcastle, a,nd thence by 
steamer. The district is under the control of the Maitland road trust, the surround- 
ing country is generally mountainous, and thickly scrubbed and timbered. The 
geological formation is carbonaceous and ferruginous sandstone, and the population- 
of the entire district numbers about 700 persons. The nearest hotel is the Oakvale 
Inn, about 8 miles distant, on the Maitland road. 

MOUNT WARNING (Co. Rous). See Warning Mount. 

MOUNT WOODS CREEK (Co. Wellington) is a small AY. tributary of the. 
Macquarie river, rising in the Mullion's range, and flowing past the N. foot of mount- 
Wood? 1 . Metamorphic. 

MOU HA CREEK (Co. Ashburnham) is a small W. tributary of Byrne's creek,, 
rising in and flowing through some swampy scrubby country N.E. of the Lachlan 
gold fields. 

M0WRAM3A No. 1 STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Mitchell, Zeal,, 
and Martin ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post- 
town is Condobolin. Charges, £31. 

M0TJRAMBA No. 2 STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Mitchell, Zeal,, 
and Martin; area., 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 'post 
town is Condobolin. Charges, £31. 

M0URTE STATION (Darling district) ; occupiers, Reid, William, L. and R. T. - r 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 Is. 

MQTJKGU0NG STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Jones, Lloyd ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 40 0 sheep. Charges, £20. 

M0WAMBA MOUNT (Co. Wallace) is a detached mountain on the high forest 
country, on the S. bank of the Mowamba river, and to the N. of Grose's plains.. 
The geological formation is trap rock and metamorphic slate. 

MOWAMBA RIVER (Co. Wallace) is a small tributary of the upper part of the- 
Snowy river, flowing into it from the Snowy mountains, past mount Mowamba, and. 
below Jindabyne. Granite and trap rock. 

M0WARRY HEAD (Co Auckland) is a narrow rocky headland, projecting into^ 
the sea, about 6 miles S. of the S. head of Twofold bay. Sandstone. 

M0WBLA STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Watt, David ; estimated area,, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 sheep. The old charges were £32 10s. ; the- 
recently appraised rental is £40. 



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375 



MOWBRAY (or Sailor's) POINT and BAY ( Co. Cumberland) is a rocky pro- 
montory and bight on the W. side of Middle harbour, about 2 miles N.W. of the en- 
trance. Sandstone. 

MOWENBAH STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Kirwan, Thomas and J. ; 
area, 18,000 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Charges, £87 10s. 

M0WLESS GULLY STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, M'Guffin, John; 
area, 10,000 acres ; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. Charges, £41 5s. 

MOWLMA CREEK (Co. Leichhardt, BlUjh district) is a W. branch of the Castle- 
reagh river, flowing from and into it to the N. of Coonamble. It encloses a tract of 
swampy pastoral land. Pliocene tertiary and alluvial deposit on silurian rocks. 

M0WLURAH STATION (Bligh district) ; occupiers, McRaeand Sheridan ; area, 
6000 acres ; grazing capability, 1500 head of cattle. Charges, £92 6s. 3d. 

M0Z0MIME PLAINS STATION (Wellington district) ; occupiers, Goodall, 
Youl, Parker, Parker, L., and Parker, J. A. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 
640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 5s. 

MUAMMBA ( Co. Northumberland) is a small agricultural village, situated at 
Patrick's plains. There is a lock-up and court house built here. Sandstone. 

MRS. MAC&UARIE'S POINT (Co. Cumberland) is a rocky promontory on 
the S. side of port Jackson, being the W. head of Woolloomooloo bay, and the N.E. 
point of the outer Domain. It takes its name from a rocky ledge, overhung by a 
shelf of rock, having been the favourite resting place of Mrs. Macquarie, the wife of 
Governor Macquarie. That lady commemorated her name by forming a public walk 
round the outer Domain. In the rock over the seat is cut the following inscription : — 
' ' Be it thus recorded that the road round the inside of the Government Domain, called 
Mrs. Macquarie's road, so named by the Governor on account of her having originally 
planned it, measuring 3 miles, 377 yards, was finally completed on the 13th day of 
June, 1816." A strongly fortified masked battery is erected at this point, mounting 
2 ten-inch guns and 8 thirty-two pounders, all mounted and ready for action. 
Farm cove, or Man-of-war bay, lies to the W. of the point, which is a favourite 
lounging place, the green sward in front of the battery sloping gently down to the 
water's edge, and a fine view of the harbour being obtained therefrom. Sandstone. 

MUCKERAWEA, S., STATION (Warrego district); occupier, Single, John ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 5s. 

MUCKER A WEA STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Single, John ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 5s. 

MUCKERWA CREEK (Co. Wellington) is a W. auriferous tributary of the 
Macquarie river, rising to the N. of mount Aquila, and draining the Muckerwa gold 
fields. Metamorphic slate and schist. 

MUCKERWA DIGGINGS (Co. Wellington) is a small gold field, lying on the 
Muckerwa creek. It is situated 5 miles N.E. of Ironbarks, the head quarters of the 
Stony creek gold field. Metamorphic slate and schist. 

MUC MOUNT ( Co. Parry) is a lofty peak in the Liverpool range, attaining an 
elevation of 3872 feet above sea level. Granite and metamorphic slate. 

MUDBA3TX ( Co. Cumberland) is a small settlement in the parish of Botany, 
and lying on the N. shore of Botany bay. It is under the control of the Botany and 
Mudbank road trust. 

MUDDALL BACK LOWER STATION (Wellington district) ; occupier, Brown, 
John ; area, 15,000 acres ; grazing capability. 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 4s. 

MUDDALL, S., BACK R. of U. STATION {Wellington district); occupier, 
Brown, John; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£30. 

MUDDALL STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Brown, John ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £70. 

MUDDALL W. BACK of L. STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Balfe, 
John ; area, 15,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £42 13s. 



376 



[Mud 



MUDDALL, W., BACK of L. STATION {Wellington district); occupier, 
Balfe, John ; area, 15,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £42 13s. 

MUDDALL, W., LOWER STATION (Wellington district) ; occupier, Brown, 
John ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000, sheep. Charges, £31 4s. 

MUDGEE, 32° 40' S. lat., 149° 38' E. long. {Co. Phillip), is a postal and munici- 
pal township, in the parish of Mudgee, and electoral and police districts of Mudgee. 
It is situated on the Cudgegong river, and on the line of road from Sydney to the 
N.W. districts. Reedy creek is distant 20 miles S.W. ; and Lawson's creek 1 mile E. ; 
Bocoble mountain stands 20 miles distant, and several other peaks, the principal of 
which are mounts Frome, Buckaroo, and Sugar Loaf, lie to the E. , W. , and S. Mud- 
gee has a soap and candle factory, 4 tanneries, and 4 flour mills. The district is agri- 
cultural, pastoral, and mining, principally the two latter. With regard to the pasto- 
ral interest, the district is noted for the excellent breed of its sheep, amongst which are 
some of the best in the Australian colonies. The gold mining is both alluvial and 
quartz, the nearest diggings being the Pipe Clay, 6 miles ; Frome' s creek and Rat's 
Castle, from 6 to 8 miles ; Windeyer, 15 miles ; Avisford, 20 miles ; and Clarke's 
creek (Devil's hole), Long creek, Nuggetty gully, Merrendee, and Hargreaves, all at about 
20 miles distance. The nearest towns are Cudgegong, E. , 22 miles ; Rylstone, E. , 35 
miles ; Cassilis, N., 60 miles ; Guntawang, N. W., 16 miles ; Cobbora, N.W., 50 miles ; 
Mendooran, N.W., 70 miles ; Dubbo, N. W., 80 miles ; and Wellington, N.W., 60 miles. 
To Mendooran and Cudgegong there is a 4-horse coach, the communication with the 
other places being by horse or dray. With Sydney, 153 miles S.E., the communication 
is by daily mail coach to Penrith, and thence by rail. Mudgee has a well-conducted 
public hospital, supported by a government endowment equal in amount to public sub- 
scriptions. There are in the town a hospital, a post and money order office, a telegraph 
office, court house (where the quarter and petty sessions, and. the district courts are 
held), a municipal chamber, and a number of good stores, shops, and tradesmen's es- 
tablishments. There are 17 hotels and public houses, the principal of which are Hughson's, 
theMaitland, the Royal, the Court House, and Mudgee. The mail coach office (Redford's) 
for the Penrith coach is at the Maitland hotel, and the Mendooran coach office at the 
Royal hotel There are branches of the City, Savings', Australian Joint Stock, and 
New South Wales banks, and of the London and Lancashire, European, Colonial, 
United, Sydney, Liverpool and London and Globe, and Australian Mutual Provident 
Insurance companies. The New South Wales Bible society has also a branch, and 
there is a Masonic (Wellington lodge, 741 E. C. ) and an Oddfellows' lodge (Sove- 
reign 4693) in the township Two newspapers are published in Mudgee, the Mudyee 
Liberal and the Western Post. Mudgee is a tol )rably well built town — the principal 
one of the district. Mudgee proper is incorporated, and has a mayor and 8 aldermen. 
The municipality was proclaimed Februar}?- 21st, 1860. There is also a rural munici- 
pality surrounding the town, called the Cudgegong municipality, with a chairman and 
6 councillors. Mudgee is distant 65 miles, over a good country, from Piper's flat, the in- 
tended point of junction with the Bathurst line of railway. The resources of the country 
are unlimited, and only need to be connected by rail with Sydney to develope them. 
The surrounding country is flat to the N. W. and N. , and ridgy in other directions, 
abounding in rich iron ore, cannel coal, or bituminous shale. Gold can be obtained, more 
or less, in all parts of the district. There are also large quarries of stone nearly, if not 
quite equal to the far-famed turkey stone, and extensively used for sharpening edge 
tools. The geological formation is probably Devonian, connected with serpentine, 
charged with chromate of iron affected by greenstone, diorite, and trappean porphyritic 
whinstone and felspar. The population of the town of Mudgee, at the time of the last 
censu«, numbered 793 males, and 714 females ; that of the entire police district, 4350 
males, and 2228 females. The surrounding gold workings are generally know r n as the 
Mudgee gold fields, and the quantity of gold received by escort from them during the 
year 1864, was 19,848 oz., which, at £3 16s. 3d. per oz., was of the total value of 
£75,673 16s. 4d. 

The Mudgee electoral district embraces the W. portion of the county of Phillip, 
and the N. portion of the county of Wellington ; and is bounded on the N. from the 
confluence of By long creek with the Goulburn river, by that river to its head in the 
Great Dividing range ; by that range, and by Wialdra creek to its confluence with the 
Cudgegong river ; on the W. by the Cudgegong river to the confluence of Meroo 
creek ; thence on the S. by the range forming the S. watershed of the Meroo creek, 



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377 



to the head of Cudgegong creek ; thence on the E. by Cudgegong creek to its con- 
fluence with the Cudgegong river ; thence by a line, N. , by compass, passing to the 
W. of the village of Dungaree, to the Great Dividing range, and by that range, E., 
and the range forming the W. watershed of Bylong creek, to the confluence of that 
creek with the Goulburn river, aforesaid. This electorate returns 1 member to the 
Legislative Assembly, the present representative being S. H. Terry, Esq. The num- 
ber of registered electors in this district is 1936, of whom 1021 voted at the last 
general election, 1864-1865. 

Mudgee is a police district, embracing the W. portion of the county of Phillip, 
and the N. portion of the county of Wellington, and is bounded on the N. from the 
confluence of Bylong creek with the Goulburn river, by that river to its head in the 
Great Dividing range, by that range, and by Wialdra creek to its confluence with 
the Cudgegong river ; on the W. by the Cudgegong river to the confluence of Meroo 
creek ; thence on the S. by the range forming the S. watershed of the Meroo creek 
to the head of Cudgegong creek ; thence on the E. by Cudgegong creek to its con- 
fluence with the Cudgegong river ; thence by a line N. by compass, passing to the 
W. of the village of Dungaree to the Great Dividing range, and by that range E., 
and the range forming the W. watershed of Bylong creek, to the confluence of that 
creek with the Goulburn river aforesaid. The places of petty sessions are, Mudgee, 
Avisford, Louisa creek, Merindie, and Windeyer. 

MUDGEE and WELLINGTON (Go. PMWp) is an incorporated district, com- 
prising an area of 2,279,922 acres. It embraces the counties of Phillip and Wel- 
lington. It is under the control of a council, consisting of 10 members, including the 
warden. 

MUD ISLAND {Go. Northumberland) is a small island in the estuary of the 
Hawkesbury river (Broken bay), between the Berowa and Mooney-Mooney creeks. 
Alluvial deposit. 

MUGGARIE BACK BLOCK STATION {Warrego district) ; occupier, New- 
combe, Mrs. E. Jane ; area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£80. 

MUGGARIE BACK BLOCK STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, New- 
comen, H. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 Is. 

MUGGA SWAMP STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Mcintosh and 
Oakes ; area, 27,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head, of cattle. The nearest post 
town is Forbes. Charges, £30. 

MUGGERBIL MOUNT {Go. Wellington) is a solitary peak, standing on the N. 
of the Louisa creek table land, on the E. bank of the Grattai creek, and 10 miles S. 
of Mudgee. Trap rock. 

MUGMUGUNG STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Hore, Andrew ; 
area, 3837 acres ; grazing capability, 300 head of cattle. Charges, £24 Is. 3d. 

MULBERYGONG STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Trust and 
Agency company ; area, 60,000 acres; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Hay. Charges, £80. 

MULBERYGONG BLOCK (A) STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, 
Taylor, F. ; area, 45,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Hay. Charges, £35. 

MULBERYGONG BLOCK B STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, 
Taylor, F. ; area, 47,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Hay. Charges, £35. 

MULBRING CREEK {Co. Northumberland) is a small W. tributary of the 
head of Wallis' creek, flowing through good agricultural country, much of it taken 
up by small farmers. Sandstone. 

MULCA GAARI STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Duffield, Walter ; 
area, 95, 160 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

MULGANA CREEK (Co. Georgiana) is an E. tributary of the Copperhannia 
creek, rising in the Long swamp, and flowing S.W. about 20 miles, by a devious 
course, through rugged, scrubby country. Limestone and shale. 



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[Mul 



MULGrOA {Co. Cumberland) is a small postal township in the electoral district 
of Nepean, and police district of Penrith. It lies on the Nepean river, about 9 miles 
S. of Penrith, and is in the middle of a rich agricultural district. The communi- 
cation with Sydney, 40 miles E. , is by coach thrice a week to Penrith, and then ce 
by rail. The population is small, and consists of settlers. Sandstone and alluvi al 
deposit. 

MULGGA No. 1 STATION {Albert district) ; occupiers, Crozier and Perry ; 
area, 96,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

MULG-0A No. 2 STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, Crozier and Perry; 
area, 96,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

MULG-0A No. 3 STATION [Albert district) ; occupiers, Crozier and Perry ; 
area, 96,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

MULG0WEXE (or Mulgounia) CREEK (Co. Georgiana) is a stream rising in 
the scrubby country to the N. of Binda, and flowing W. about 18 miles, into the 
Lachlan river. Its course at its lower end is lost in some swampy and densely 
scrubbed country, and it is supposed to fall into the main stream by two mouths, 
the N. of which is called the Glengarry creek. It is fed by the Menneuday and 
Breakfast creeks, the lower course of both of which are lost in the scrubby swamps. 
Limestone and slate. 

MULGUTHEIE LOWER STATION (Wellington district) ; occupiers, Mort, 
Cameron, and Buchanan ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. 
Charges, £30. 

MULGUTHEIE STATION ( Wellington district) ■ occupiers, Mort, Cameron, 
and Buchanan; area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Charges, 

MULXNGUNDEY STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Brocklehurst, W. W. ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £60 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £7 0. 

MULLAH STATION (Wellington district) ; occupier, Brown, John; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Cannonbar. The 
old charges were £42 16s. 3d. ; the recently appraised rental is £75. 

MULLAMUDDY CEEEK (Co. Wellington) is a small tributary of the Cudge- 
gong river, flowing through good agricultural land, into that river at Mullamuddy. 
Metamorphic slate. 

MULLANGANDEA STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Morrice, 
John ; estimated area, 28,526 acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Albury. The old charges were £50 ; the recently appraised rental is £33. 

MULLAE'JAE'BEA CREEK (Co Goulburn) is a small N. tributary of the 
Bowna creek, rising by several heads in the high ranges to the W. of the county of 
Goulburn, and flowing S. W. near to and parallel with the main road from Sydney to 
Albury. It falls into the Bowna creek, at the township of Bowna, where it is crossed 
by the road. Morrice, Conley, and numerous others occupy agricultural land on this 
creek, the soil being good on both sides nearly the entire length of the creek below 
the township reserve of Mullanjandra. The geological formation is schistose, with 
outcropping granite and quartz. 

MULLAE BACK STATION (Wellington district); occupiers, Oakes and 
Josephson; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 5s. 

MULLAE OUTER BACK STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Oakes 
and Josephson ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 5s. 

MULLAE STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Oakes and Josephson ; 
area, 19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. Old charges, £43 16s. 3d.; 
new appraisement, £75. 

MULLiLWQOLXA EAST STATION (Albert district); occupier, Acres, Edw. 
H. Albert ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £30 ; 
new appraisement, £27. 

MULLAW00LKA WEST STATION (Albert district); occupier, Acres, Edw. 



Mul] 



H. Albert; area, 32,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £30 j 
new appraisement, £35. 

MULLET CKEEK ( Co. Camden) is a small creek flowing through the village 
of Dapto (where it is crossed by a bridge on the Wollongong road) into the Illawarra 
lake at its N. end. Silurian. 

MULLET CREEK {Co. Northumberland) is a small creek, flowing into the 1ST. 
of Broken bay. Sandstone. 

MULLET ISLAND (Co. Northumberland) is a small island in Broken bay, 
opposite the confluence of Mullet creek. Alluvial deposit. 

MULLENDEREE, 35° 51' S. lat., 149° 59' E. long. {Co. Dampier), is a private 
postal village in the parish of Kiora, electoral district of Eden, and police district of 
Broulee, situated on the N. bank of the Moruya river, the Mogendora creek being 
within \h mile, the Pohlwamerah mountain 3| mile N., and the Mogendora mountain 
3 miles N.W. The district is an agricultural one, the nearest places being Moruya, 
half a mile distant on the opposite bank of the river, and Broulee, 74 miles N.E. 
With Moruya the communication is by the small boats belonging to the settlers, and 
with Broulee by horse or dray. With Sydney, 195 miles N. , the communication is 
by steamer once a week, or by spring cart to Bateman's bay, and thence by steamer. 
The hotels are the Union, Mullenderee, and Shannon View. The surrounding 
country is composed of rich alluvial flats and undulating forest land, the former of" 
which are nearly all taken up by settlers, and under cultivation. The geological 
formation is sandstone and slate. Mullenderee is situated on the estate of the family 
of the late Fras. Flanagan, Esq. The population is small and scattered. 

MULLIMBURUA POINT (Co. Dampler) is a rocky headland, standing boldly 
out into the ocean, half way between the entrances of the Tuross and Moruya rivers. 
Sandstone. 

MULLINGUDGrERY OUT BACK STATION ( Wellington district) ; occu- 
pier, Ferguson, Alexander ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. 
The nearest post town is Cannonbar. Charges, £30 5s. 

MULLINGUDGERY, S., STATION (Wellington district); occupier, Fergu- 
son, Alexander ; area, 14,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Cannonbar. Charges, £30. 

MULLINGUDGERY STATION (Wellington district)-, occupier, Ferguson, 
Alexander ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Cannonbar. The old charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental 
is £75. 

MULLXNURRAN CREEK (Co. Bligh) is a small N. tributary of the Cudge- 
gong river, falling into it near the Merinda gold field. Metamorphic. 

MULLION CREEK (Co. Wellington) is a W. tributary of the Frederick's val- 
ley creek. Sandstone and schist. 

MULLION STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Hall, Henry ; area, 88,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

MULLXQNS, THE (Co. Wellington), is a range of high scrubby hills, lying to- 
the S.E. of the Stony creek gold field, and giving rise to numerous tributaries of the 
Bell and Macquarie rivers. They are well timbered with gum and iron and stringy 
bark. These mountains form a prominent landmark to the N.W. of Ophir. Metam- 
orphic slate and granite. 

MULL0LJANA STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, McLean, William ; 
area, 28,800 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £71 5s. 

MULL00N CREEK (Co. Murray) is a tributary of the Reedy Creek, rising 
near Ballalaba, and flowing in a N. direction about 30 miles parallel, and to the W. 
of the Shoalhaven river. Granite and metamorphic slate. 

MULLAGQONA, LEFT, STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Forlonge, 
W. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 5s. 

MULLUBA PLAINS (Liverpool plains district) is the name given to a tract of 
flat land in the valley between the rivers Maule and Muluerindie. Granite and deep 
alluvial drift. 



380 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Mul — Mum 



MULTJBINDA (Co. Northumberland), tlie native name of Newcastle. 

MULUERINDIE RIVER (Liverpool plains). See Namoi River. 

MULURULA STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Chrystal, David ; area, 
76,S00 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

MUL W ALA [Co. Denison) is a small village on the Murray river, lying 36 
miles W. of Howlong. 

MULWAREE {Co. Argyle) ; the native name of the Goulburn Plains. 

MULWAREE PONDS (Co. Argyle) is a tributary of the head of the Wollon- 
dilly river, flowing through the rich pastoral country known as the Goulburn plains, 
and fed by the Bonguralaby and Bangalore creeks. It falls into the main stream a 
few miles S. of the township of Goulburn. Granite and limestone. 

MULWHALEY STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ■ occupiers, Sloane, Spiers, 
and Jeffery ; area, 30,400 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 head of cattle and sheep. 
The old charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £97 16s. 

MULYENERY STATION (Albert district)-, occupier, Duffield, Walter; area, 
80,960 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £83. 

MULYEO MOUNT (Albert district) is a large flat-topped hill, lying on the W. 
bank of the Darling river, about 90 miles S. W. of Bourke. Sandstone. 

MUMBADAH STATION (Bligh district) ; occupiers, Cooper, S. D., and Buck- 
land, T. ; estimated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1.600 head of cattle. The 
old charges were £25 ; the recently appraised rental is £40. 

MUMBEDB0NE STATION (Bligh district) ; occupiers, Smith, W. and C. 
Frederick ; estimated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. The old 
charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £110. 

MUMBLA PEAK (Co. Wallace) is a peak in the rocky mountain ranges, at the 
head of the Matong creek. Trap rock and schists. 

MUMBLEB0NE, BACK OF, STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Hen- 
nessey, Maurice ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The 
nearest post town is Cannonbar. Charges, £32 10s. 

MUMBLEB0NE STATION {Wellington district) ; occupier, Hennessey, 
Maurice ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Cannonbar. The old charges were £50 ; the recently appraised rental 
is £80. 

MUMBLE UPPER STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Kent, C. ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 12,000 sheep. Charges, £31 Is. 

MUMBLE WATER STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Denne, W. 
R. H. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 12,000 sheep. Charges, £31 Is. 

MUMBULLA MOUNT (Co. Dampier) is a lofty solitary mountain, lying in 
the immense grassy pastoral plains to the N. of the Brogo river, and on the W. side 
of the road from Bega to Moruya, about 8 miles N. of the former place. This moun- 
tain is covered with dwarf timber and dense scrub, and is a prominent landmark for 
the whole of the surrounding country. Trap rock. 

MUMBUMBRAH BLOCK No. 2 STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, 
Gardiner, J. A. ; area, 14,000 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

MUMMEL ( Co. Argyle) is a postal village in the parish of Mummel, electoral 
district of Argyle, and police district of Goulburn. It is situated on a small water- 
course called Dixon's creek, about 3 miles distant from the Wollondilly river. The 
district is chiefly agricultural, much land being taken up by small settlers. Goulburn 
lies 12 miles S.E., Wheeo 30 miles N.W. The reserved townships of Pomeroy and 
Baw-Baw are both in the neighbourhood. The communication is by horse or dray, 
and that with Sydney, 140 miles N.E., by mail coach from Goulburn to Picton, 
and thence by rail. There are 2 hotels in the township, the Rockfield and the 
Retreat. The surrounding country is flat, with occasional slight ranges, the geolo- 
gical formation being metamorphic. The population of the whole district numbers 
about 800 persons. 



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The JVeiv South Wales Gazetteer. 



381 



MTJMMEL RIVER (Co. Macquarie) is a small N. tributary of the Coopera- 
curraba branch of the Nowendoc river. Sandstone. 

MUNDADOO, E., STATION (Wellington district) ; occupier, Cornish, E. B. ; 
area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

MUNDARNGQNG MOUNT {Co. Wellesley) is a hill on the Bombala river, 
lying in the broken scrubby country about 10 miles W. of Bombala. Limestone. 

MUNDAR STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Ferguson, Alex. ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

MUNDAY POINT (Co. Roxburgh) is a spot on the Turon river, lying about 1^ 
mile E. of Sofala. Sandstone and metamorphic slate. 

MUNDENADDERY STATION (MurrumUdgee district) ; occupiers, O'Neill 
and Edgehill ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Wagga-Wagga. The old charges were £50 ; the recently appraised rental 
is £105. 

MTJND0E CREEK (Gwydlr district) is a small E. tributary of the Macintyre 
river, flowing through flat scrubby pastoral country. Pliocene tertiary, over palaeozoic 
rocks. 

MUNDONAH STATION (Darling district) ; occupiers, Stewart and Izett ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

MUNDONAH STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Taylor, William ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

MUND00NEN RANGE (Cos. King and Murray) is one of the spurs of the Cul- 
larin range, and divides the tributaries of the Murrumbidgee from those of the Lach- 
lan, in the uppermost part of their courses. It attains an elevation of 3000 feet above 
the level of the sea. Metamorphic schist, granite, and limestone. 

MUND00RAN (Co. Gowen). See Mendooran. 

MUND0WA Y STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Hall, Thos. S. ; 
area, 55,680 acres ; grazing capability, 1580 head of cattle. Old charges, £96 lis. 3d. j 
new appraisement, £130 10s. 

MUNDRABAH, NEW, STATION (Wellington district) ; occupier, Gardiner, J. 
A.; area, 23,000 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

MUND Y CREEK (A Ibert district) is a stream rising in the N. of the Grey range, 
and flowing in a N. E. direction. 

MUNGA CREEK (Co. Dudley) is a small N. tributary of the Macleay river. 
Sandstone. 

MUNGABUMB0NE STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, McLean, J. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £20 15s. 6d. 

MUNGADINGABEL BACK RUN STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occu- 
piers, Lang, Thomas, and Gideon, S. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 
sheep. The nearest post town is Hay. Charges, £50 10s. 6d. 

MUNGADINGABEL STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ■ occupiers, Lang, G. 
S. T. and W., Bros. ; estimated area, 65,800 acres ; grazing capability, 9000 sheep. 
The nearest post town is Hay. The old charges were £90 ; the recently apprais ed 
rental is £220. 

MUNGARE STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Dargin, John ; area, 
70,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1280 head of cattle. The old charges were £80 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £170. 

MUNGILIGIMILA STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Lynch, 
Robert ; estimated area, 6300 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £19 7s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £10. 

MUNGI WATERHOLE STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Town, John ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Charges, £35 15s. 

MUNGLE STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Forbes, Fredk. Augustus ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Charges, £41 10s. 



382 



Tim New South Wales Gazetteer. [Mun — Mur 



MUNGOLIA STATION [Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Sweeny, John and D ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town 
is Booligal. Charges, £30. 

MUNG0 STATION (Albert district); occupier, Marsden, J. E.; area, 64,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 5s. 

MUNGRANBY STATION [Bligh district) ; occupier, Flood, Edward ; esti- 
mated area, 19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of 'cattle. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £45. 

MINGUTTA MOUNT (Co. Auckland) is a hill on the Mingutta creek, and on 
the road from Gipps' Land, via the Genoa river. It lies about 3 miles JN. of the 
boundary line. Trap rock, granite, and schist. 

MUNGYER, BACK BLOCK No. 1 STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupiers, 
Bucknell, C. W. and A. W. ; area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of 
cattle. The nearest post town is Moree. Charges, £56. 

MUNGYER, BLOCK No. 2 STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupiers, Bucknell, 
C. W. and A. W. ; area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The 
nearest post town is Moree. Charges, £32 10s. 

MUNGYER STATION [Gwydir district) ; occupier, Bucknell, C. W. ; area, 
64,00 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Moree. 
The old charges were £60 ; the recently appraised recently is £190. 

MUNIMBLA STATION {Murrumbidgee district); occupiers, Power and Daven- 
port ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability imcertain. Charges, £31. 

MUNI0NG RANGE (Cos. Selwyn, Wallace, and Bucckuch) is the N. portion 
of the great Warragong chain (Australian Alps) , and forms the highest land in the 
colony. Its average altitude is at least 6000 feet above the level of the sea, while 
some of its peaks attain an elevation of more than 7000 feet. Snow may generally 
be seen on this range from May to October ; and although it is not often seen in sum- 
mer, yet it not unfrequently falls in December and January. The range consists 
principally of clusters of broken peaks, surmounting steep ridges. Its culminating 
point is mount Kosciusko, which is a craggy cone of syenite, rising to the height of 
7300 feet, and commanding a prospect that includes an area of 7000 square miles. Its 
principal spurs are the Murrumbidgee, Tumut, and Murray ranges. The highest 
peaks in the Muniong are mounts Kosciusko, Ram's head, Jagungal, Gungarlin, and 
Crackembaek. Trap rock, granite, and slate. 

MUNMUERA BROOK or CREEK {Co. Bligh) is a N. tributary of the Goulburn 
river, flowing in a S. direction through the township of Cassilis, and fed by the 
Cooba, Bulga, Four-Mile, Peter's, and Booranbil creeks. Sandstone and slate. 

MUNNIMBAIi CREEK (Co. Northumberland) is a small S. tributary of the 
Hunter river, rising near the township of Broke. Carbonaceous sandstone. 

MUNRO'S CREEK {Co. Parry) is a small auriferous tributary of the Peel 
river, joining it at Bowling Alley point diggings. Trap and basalt, with quartz and 
granite. 

MURCHIS0N is a county in the pastoral district of the Gwydir. It contains 
3719 acres of alienated land and 1,212,281 acres unclienated. Its present boundaries, 
however, are open to modification. The Bingara gold fields are in this county. In- 
verell is the chief town. 

MURCHIS0N MOUNT (Albert district) is a lonely sandstone hill, lying in the 
barren country on the W. side of the Darling river, about 100 miles N.E. oi Menindie. 

Also the name of a small postal hamlet lying at the foot of the hill. It lies 934 
miles from Sydney, and is reached via Menindie by horse post. 

MUREABUN STATION (Warrego district) ; occupiers, White, J. F. H. C. 
and E. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

• MURGA, 33° 20' S. lat., 147° 28' E. long. (Co. Ashburnha?n),is a postal township 
in the electoral district of the Lachlan, and police district of Forbes. It is situated 
on the Murga creek, near its junction with the Eugowra creek, and lies in a pastoral, 
agricultural, and mining district. There is 1 tobacco factory in the township (Camp- 



Mur] 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



383 



bell's), and the cultivation of the tobacco plant is attracting considerable attention in 
the district. The diggings are alluvial, and are at a place called Long's corner, 4 
miles from Murga township. The nearest places are Toogong, 7 miles N.E. ; Eugowra, 
12 miles S.W. ; and Orange (the next telegraph station) 40 miles E.N.E. With these 
places there is communication by coach, and with Sydney 184 miles E. by Cobb's coach 
to Penrith, and thence by rail . There is 1 hotel, known as the Murga. The surround- 
ing country is mountainous. The geological formation is metamorphic, consisting of 
slate and quartz, much of the latter bearing auriferous traces. The population num- 
bers about 50 persons. 

MURGA STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Gwynne, F. A. ; area, 
48,000 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. Charges, £90. 

MURGLEBALE STATION {Lothian district) ; occupier, McDonnell, George ; 
area, 61,440 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

MURG0 STATION (Gwydir district) • occupier, Dangar, Henry ; area, 23,040 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £32 ; the recently 
appraised rental is £95. 

MURKAD00L STATION {Liverpool plains district) • occupier, Rouse, E. ; es- 
timated area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £50 ; the recently appraised rental is £175. 

MURRABINE RIVER. {Co. Dampier) is a small creek, rising in the scrubby 
country to the S. of mount Dromedary, and flowing into the sea by lake Marruna. 
Trap rock and sandstone. 

MURRABUGA STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Angus, Neil ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £50 10s. 

MURRAGURAL (or Murray) MOUNT (Co. Cowley) is the most elevated point 
in the Murrumbidgee range. It attains a height of 6987 feet above the sea level, and 
is situated near the S. extremity of the range, and about 10 miles N.E. of the Gulf 
diggings. This mountain is extremely rugged, and thickly timbered at its base with 
gigantic timber. The geological formation consists chiefly of granitic, schistose, and 
quartziferous rocks, with porphyries and some trap, which latter have left evidences 
of transmuting agency of a later period than the intrusion of the granites amidst the 
slates, flags, and limestones of the silurian epoch. 

MURRAH STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, unknown ; area, 960 acres ; 
grazing capability, 200 head of cattle. Charges, £10. 

MURRAMAN and DURAL STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, Comer- 
ford and Kearley ; estimated area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of 
cattle. The old charges were £66 ; the recently appraised rental is £60. 

MURRANG CREEK (Co. Georgiana) is a small tributary of the Cookbundoon 
river, rising near Chatsbury, aud flowing E. Sandstone and schist. 

MURRARAGAL MOUNT (Co. Cowley). See mount Murragural. 

MURRAY CREEK -(Co. Fitzroy) is a small E. tributary of the Don Dorrigo 
river. Sandstone. 

MURRAY DOWNS STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Officer, H. 
S. : estimated area, 102,400 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Moulamein. The old charges were £70 ; the recently appraised rental is 
£265. 

MURRAY MOUNT (Co. Cowley). See mount Murragural. 

MURRAY (or Millewa) RIVER, known also as the Hume or Iudi river, 
is a magnificent and most important river, which, rising in the Australian Alps at 
Forest hill, and flowing thence in a N.W. direction, forms nearly the entire S. division 
between New South Wales and the sister colony of Victoria. After rising in a deep 
rocky gorge in the precipitous mountains which form its source, it flows N. through 
an exceedingly rugged country for a distance of about 50 miles, until it is joined at 
Wallaregang by the Tooma river, or Mane's creek, whence it trends to the W. , and 
keeps a general N.W. course until it passes the South Australian border. The course 
of this river is extremely tortuous ; measured circuitously, it has a course of about 



384 The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Mtjr 



1120 miles along the border of the colony, and it drains an area of 270,000 square 
miles. According to Mr. Acheson's table of discharges, its width from Albury to 
Moama at summer level varies from 200 to 240 feet. It is supplied above the junction 
of the Mitta-Mitta river (Victoria), about 8 miles E. of Albury, by permanent 
streams from the Australian Alps flowing into it upon both sides, which convey spring 
water from the primitive granitiform rocks constantly, and melted snow for 3 months 
in the year. The Murray falls into the sea in S. Australia, and is navigated by small 
steamers as high up as Albury. It was first ascended by Captain Cadell on the 27th 
August, 1853. The navigation has been hitherto much impeded by numerous snags 
and nrudbanks in the river ; but operations are now going forward to free the course 
of the stream from these obstructions, and, ere long, it is hoped, steamers will be able 
to ply regularly and without danger or delay. The upper portion of the river, some- 
times known as the Indi, flows amidst high rocky cliffs, particularly near its source, 
where the celebrated Murray gates (a perpendicular chasm in the mountains) overhang 
the infant stream 3000 feet. The lower portion, however, has muddy banks, and 
rapidly flowing, turbid, yellowish water. In the S.W. district of the colony, watered 
by the Murray, the myall grows abundantly, as does also the wattle, a hard heavy 
wood, which is good for the manufacture of ornamental furniture. The mallee scrub, 
a small tree whose roots spread horizontally and retain water, often found useful for 
travellers, and the quandong, or native peach, are also plentiful. The whole of the 
country bordering the river is essentially a pastoral one, and the land is generally 
well grassed and watered by numerous streams. The Murray is fed on its New 
South Wales side by the E. branch, Tooma (or Mane's), Edward (or Wakool), Murrum- 
bidgee, Darling, and Rufus rivers, and the Pilot hill, Ham's head, Leather jacket, 
Snowy, Spring flat, Coppabilla, Dora, Sugar Loaf, Mullanjandra,Ournane, Jingellee, Seven 
Mile, Burrongo, Genapna, Merrang, Tuppal, Tittara, Nolyango, Taila, Bengallow, 
Moontong (or Groobool), Ana branch, Bundawingee, andTharbry creeks. The Murray 
waters the counties of Auckland, Wellesley, Wallace, Selwyn, and Goulburn, and 
the extensive pastoral districts of Murrumbidgee and Darling (the latter places form- 
ing the country known by the new name of Riverina) . It flows past the following 
townships : — Wellaregang, Jingellee, Dora, Albury, Wahgunyah, Howlong, Corowa, 
Duanarangowni, Mowarry, Weinmunad, Mulwalla, Bulubulla, Moama, Euston, 
Luidattul, Calladwug, Tarracama, Morquong, Wentworth, and Moorna. It is crossed, 
by punts at Euston, Moama, and Albury, and by bridges at Echuca (Victoria, nearly 
opposite Moama) and Wahgunyah. The following are the crossing places from New 
South Wales into Victoria : — Albury, N. Wahgunyah (or Corowa), Moama, Swan Hill, 
Euston, and Wentworth, and at those places are inland custom nouses and officers for 
the collection of the Border duties. The source of the river is amidst a trap forma- 
tion of greenstone, diorite, f elstone, and felspar, porphyry tending further N. to mica, 
chlorite, and talc, and then to granite. From near Albury, to a few miles W. of 
Moama, it flows through beds of lower silurian, with thin croppings of surface drift 
to the W. , and thence to the South Australian border, through tertiary beds of sand, 
clay, shale, gravel, and conglomerate. There are numerous mineral springs of fresh, 
cool, clear water on the banks on the lower Murray. The banks of the river, and 
those of all its N. tributaries, abound in fancy woods of many beautiful descriptions. 
The sweetly-scented myall is well known, but there is another description, known by 
the blacks as nelia, not at all inferior in perfume, being more violet than the myall. 
Both woods are valuable, from their colour and texture, for cabinet work. There are 
also the lightwood, a beautiful description of cabinet timber, and the mallee oak, a 
dark timber of great hardness, and so straight in the grain that a six-foot slab could 
be split up into pieces of the thickness of lucifer matches, yet so solid that a sharp 
axe or cross cut saw is blunted in cutting down a tree not more than 18 inches or 2 
feet in diameter at the butt. There are numerous other kinds, which, by the invest- 
ment of a moderate capital, would well repay the outlay of working. 

MURRAY is an inland county, bounded on KE. by the Boro creek, from its 
junction with the Shoalhaven riverto its source on the hill Wolowola, by the range thence 
to the Alianoyonyiga mountain, between lake George and lake Bathurst, and by a 
watercourse descending from that mountain to lake George to the hill on the dividing 
range, the range in the W. overlooking its N. extremity, and thence by the Gundagoo 
creek and Yass river to the Murrumbidgee ; on the W. by the Murrumbidgee river to 
the junction of the Michiligo creek ; on the S. by that creek to the Twins, or Tindery 
Pics, passing between them to the source of Tindery creek, and by that creek to Quean- 



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385 



beyan river, by that river to the creek entering it from the hill called Tumanwong, 
and by a line from the source of Jerrabatgulla, in that mountain, to the junction of 
Carrabune with the Shoalhaven river ; on the E. by Shoalhaven river to the junction of 
Boro creek. It is78 miles in length, 44 in breadth, and contains an area of 1,458,080 acres. 
The number of freehold landholders in this county is 582, and of leaseholders 273. 
The extent of land in cultivation is 137,891 acres. Under wheat there are 7481 
acres; under maize, 1102 acres ; under barley, 3951 acres ; under oats, 1128 acres ; and 
under tobacco, 3^ acres. Queanbeyan, Gundaroo, and Bungendore, are in this county. 

Murray electoral district embraces a portion of the pastoral district of Murrum- 
bidgee ; and bounded on the E. by a direct line from Werinmunah, or Woore's hill, 
near the Murray river, N. , to the confluence of the Colombo and Billybong creeks, ex- 
cluding Mr. Atkins' run on the Billabong, thence by the Colombo creek to the upper 
end of Osborne's run, and by the boundaries of Osborne's run, on the Colombo, and 
Pepper's run, on the Yanko, including both these runs to the N.E. corner of Pepper's 
run ; thence on the N. by the back, or N. boundary of all the runs fronting to the 
Yanko creek, to the Billabong creek, and to the Edward river, below that creek, W., 
to the dividing line between the Messrs. Sylvester and Smith's and Mr. Ouerson's 
runs ; on the W. by that boundary, S. , to the confluence of the Edward and Wakool 
rivers, by the Wakool to its confluence with the Murray, and by the Murray river, 
upward ; and on the S. by the Murray river, upward, to a point due S. of Woore's hill, 
and thence by a line to Woore's hill, aforesaid. This electorate comprises the districts of 
Deniliquin, Moulamein, and Moama, and returns 1 member to the Legislative Assem- 
bly, the present representative being R. Landale, Esq. The number of registered 
electors in this district is 990. 

MURRAY RANGE ( Co. Selwyri) is a spur of the Muniong range, commencing 
a little to the north of mount Kosciusko, separating the tributaries of the Murray 
and Tumut, and extending its ramifications as far as the Murrumbidgee. Its most 
noted peak is mount Dargal, which rises to the height of 5490 feet above the level of 
the sea. This range is densely scrubbed and heavily timbered. 

MURRAY STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Hennessey, P. ; area, 
86,400 acres ; grazing capability, 13,000 sheep. The nearest post town is Deniliquin. 
The old charges were £130 ; the recently appraised rental is £360. 

MURRAY (or Murraragal) MOUNT ( Co. Cowley) is a high and prominent 
peak of the Murrumbidgee range of mountains, towering majestically over the sur- 
rounding country, and forming a prominent landmark from all sides. It is very 
rugged in its formation, and is thickly covered with timber and scrub. It attains an 
elevation of 6987 feet above the level of the sea, according to the measurements of 
the Rev. W. B. Clarke. Granite and quartziferous slate, with vast outbreaks and 
overflows of basalt in the plains that occur amidst the ranges. 

MURRAY'S BIG HILL (Co. Harden) is a lofty detached hiU at the head of 
the Dunderalligo creek, and on the road from Bowning to Binalong, lying about 5 
miles N.W. of the former place. The geological formation is of granite and lime- 
stone. 

MURRAY'S FLAT {Co. Aryyle) is a small agricultural settlement, lying 
5 miles from Goulburn. 

MURRILL CREEK STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Hennell, Ste- 
phen ; area, 30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Charges, £32. 

MURRIMB00LA CREEK (Co. Harden) is a creek at the head of the Cun- 
ningham creek. It. is fed by Cassilis, Currawong, and Blind creeks, and falls into 
the Cunningham at Murrimboola, after flowing through good pastoral and agricul- 
tural land. Limestone and slate. 

MURRIMBOOLA HILL {Co. Harden) is a high mountain, lying to the N.N.W. 
of Murrimboola. Granite and limestone. 

MURRIMBULA LAKE {Co. Auckland) is a large saline lagoon, or indentation 
into the land, on the E. coast of which the village of Murrimbula is built. The lake 
is formed by a neck of land running in a N. direction from the main land, and hem- 
ming in a hollow, leaving a narrow opening to the sea. It measures about 2 miles in 
length, by 14 in width. The township of Panbula lies about 2 miles S. The sur- 
rounding country is poor and scrubby. Granite, trap rock, and metamorphic slate. 
a a 



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MURRUIN (or Settler's) CREEK ( Co. Westmoreland) is a W. tributary of 
the Wollondilly river, rising near mount Werong, and flowing S.E. past mount 
Murrain through scrubby country, about 16 miles. Sandstone and schist. 

MURRUMA {Co. Dampler) is a small inlet of the sea, lying about 30 miles 
S.W. of Moruya. 

MURRUMBAH, 34° 26' S. lat., 150° 12' E. long. {Co. Camden) is a postal 
township in the electoral district of Camden, and police district of Berrima. It is 
situated on Paddy's river, 102 miles S. of Sydney, 28 miles N. of Goulburn, and on 
the main Southern road between Sydney and Albury. The Wollondilly river flows 4 
miles N.W., and Uringalla Creek 2 miles S. The district is agricultural and pastoral, 
Marulan being 11 miles S., Berrima 18 miles N., and Wingello 5 miles S. With these 
places there is daily communication by mail coach, and with Sydney by mail coach to 
Picton, and thence by rail. There are 2 hotels, the Murrumbah inn, and the Rose, 
Shamrock, and Thistle. The surrounding country is mountainous, with good grass 
and fine ironbark, gum, and stringy bark timber. The geological formation is sand- 
stone and slate. The population numbers about 100 persons. 

MURRUMBIDGEE is the name of a pastoral district, embracing an area of 
26,897 square miles of splendid grazing country, lying between the Murrimbidgee and 
Murray rivers. It was discovered by Mr. Hume in 1824, and has now a population 
of 12,938 persons. The principal towns are S. Wagga Wagga, Deniliquin, S. Gundagai, 
Albury, Tumut, Balranald, Conargo, Corowa, Hay, Mande, Moama, Moulamein, 
Tarcutta, Urana, and Tumberumba. The number of freehold landholders in this 
district is 560, and of leaseholders 152. The extent of land in cultivation is 18,407£ 
acres. Under wheat there are 10,262 acres ; under maize, 2019^ acres ; under barley, 
133 acres ; under oats, 2470| acres ; under tobacco, 68| acres ; and under vine, 144| 
acres. Live stock — horses, 19,362 ; horned cattle, 156,698 ; sheep, 1,851,595 ; and 
pigs, 36. 

MURRUMBIDGEE electoral district embraces portions of the pastoral dis- 
trict of Murrumbidgee and the Lachlan ; and is bounded on the E. by a spur range, 
which commences on the Murrumbidgee, at the lower end of J ones' flat, and forms 
the boundary between Hilla's Yabtree run, and Gordon's Borambolo run, until it joins 
the dividing range between the Tarcutta and Yaven-Yaven creeks, and by that range 
until the spur branches which leads over Bago hill, and terminates on the Tarcutta 
creek, about 1 mile below the Bago inn ; then crossing the Tarcutta creek, and im- 
mediately ascending the spur range which joins the main range between the Murray 
and Murrumbidgee rivers; on the S. by that range W., to the head of Buckagina 
creek ; then by the leading range between the Buckagina creek and the Yerong and 
Mittagong creeks, and continuing along the leading range to Wollondoon hill ; thence 
by the boundaries between the runs fronting on the Ugrangeline creek, Uranna lake, 
Uranna creek, and Cookejedong creek, from those fronting on the Billabong ; thence 
up the Colombo to the upper end of Osborne's run ; thence by the boundaries of 
Messrs. Osborne's run on the Colombo, and Pepper's run on the Yanko, excluding 
both those runs, to the N.E. corner of Pepper's run, thence by the N. boundary of 
all the runs fronting on the Yanko and Billabong creeks, until such boundary reaches 
a point exactly S. of the boundary between M'Leay's Mulberrygong run, Clarke's 
Burrabogie run ; on the W. by a line N. to that boundary, and by that boundary to 
the Murrumbidgee river, by that river, downward, to the boundary between Rae's 
Uardry run, and Oak's Beabula run, thence by a line N. to the Lachlan river, at a 
point 5 miles below the Ballanjorambal reserve ; on the N. by the Lachlan river, up- 
ward, to the small creek which joins the river in the Booabungril reserve, thence by 
a line bearing S.E. to the range dividing the waters of the Lachlan and Murrumbidgee 
rivers, and by that range, E., to the range dividing the waters of Jugiong creek 
from those of Mutta Muttama and Kitticarara creeks, and again on the E. by that 
range, and a spur range to the confluence of Jugiong creek with the Murrumbidgee 
river, and by that river, downward, to a point opposite to the spur range at the lower 
end of Jones' flat, aforesaid. This electorate comprises the districts of Wagga-Wagga 
and Gundagai, and returns 1 member to the Legislative Assembly, the present repre- 
sentative being W. M'Leay, Esq. The number of registered electors in this district 
is 1514. 

MURRUMBIDGEE RANGE {Co. Cowley) is a spur from the Muniong range, 



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387 



and runs parallel with the uppermost course of the Murrumbidgee, separating its 
basin from those of the Goodradigbee, and other tributaries. The whole range consists 
of a succession of lofty broken peaks, some of which nearly rival the Muniongs in eleva- 
vation. Its highest peak (Murragural) attains an elevation of 6987 feet above the 
level of the sea. This range consists of high broken precipices and deep gorges of a 
character of the most savage grandeur, and is thickly timbered with heavy trees, and 
scrubbed with almost impenetrable bush. There are some singular instances of 
stratified or bedded porphyritic granite, almost schistose, projected in large masses, 
which have a dip of 60° to the E.N.E. 

MURRUMBIDGrEE RIVER (Monaro and Murrumbidgee districts) is a mag- 
nificent and most important river, draining a vast pastoral territory in the S. part of 
the colony, and flowing from E. to W. in a tortuous course of about 1350 miles, of 
which 500 miles are navigable for vessels of moderate size. This fine river has its 
source in two heads, the one to the N. rising in Peppercorn hill, a detached 
mountain lying about 10 miles N.E. of Yarrangobilly, on the Yass and Cooma (vi.L 
Kiandra) road, and flowing S. about 12 miles, where it joins the other head, which, 
rises in the N. slope of mount Tantangora, an E. elevation of the Kiandra gold field, 
about 3 miles from the township, and flows N. about 8 miles. Both these mountains, 
although detached from the main chain, belong to the Snowy (or Bald) mountains (or 
1ST. spur of the Australian Alps). After the junction of the heads, the infant stream 
flows in a general S.E. direction, through rough granite and scrubby country, for 
about 40 miles, when it suddenly bends round to the N., flowing in that direction, 
through a similar country until its confluence with the Yass river in about 34° 40' S. 
lat., 148° 30' E. long., a distance of nearly 100 miles. It then takes a W. course, 
being fed by numerous important streams through a vast extent of fine country (now 
nearly all taken up for squatting purposes), and finally pours its immense volume of 
water into the Murray river, about 20 miles S. W. of the township of Balranald, and 
in 4 about 34° 35' S. lat., 143° 20' E. long. The water of the Murrumbidgee is 
generally fine and clear, but in wet weather the drainage of the vast tracts of 
swampy country through which it passes causes it to become turbid. The banks, in 
the upper part, are very high, and even precipitous, the mountainous country through 
which it flows being intersected by numerous cliffs and yawning chasms of immense 
depth. After passing the county of Clarendon, however f about 147° E. long.), its 
banks become low, and it flows through a flat alluvial country, liable to inundation, 
the bed of the river being bordered by salt marsh, and scrub of honeysuckle, acacia, 
and eucalyptus dumosa. That portion of the Murrumbidgee lying to the W. of the 
county Wynward forms the N. boundary of the Murrumbidgee, and the S. portion of 
the Lachlan pastoral districts, which, together, constitute the S. E. part of what is 
commonly called the Riverine district. In its course the Murrumbidgee flows 
through, or by, the following counties, viz. , Wallace, Beresf ord, Cowley, Murray,. 
Buccleugh, Harden, Clarendon, Wynyard, Mitchell, Bourke, Cooper, Boyd, Sturt, 
Waradgery, and Caira, the first-named five of those counties being within the 
Monaro (or settled) districts, and the remainder in the unsettled districts of Lachlan 
and Murrumbidgee. On the Murrumbidgee river are the following towns hip&viz. : 
Bolaira, Colinton, Tharwa, Jugiong, Aura, Wantabadgery, Gundagai, Wagga- 
Wagga, Narrandera, Yanko, Bunandara, Turambola, Bringalgee, Liordonga, Our- 
rattpoot, Mulburraga, Benbola, Waradgery, Murthurgugala, Hay, Bungah, Rapaula, 
Maude, and Balranald. The principal of these townships are those of Jugiong, 
Gundagai, Wagga-Wagga, Hay, and Balranald. The Murrumbidgee is crossed at 
Tharwa by the road from Queanbeyan to Kiandra ; at the Yass plains, about 10 
miles S. of Yass, by the road from that place to Kiandra ; at Gundagai (where is a 
punt) by the main road and telegraph line from Sydney to Melbourne, via Albury ; 
at Wagga-Wagga (also by a punt) by the road from Boorowa and Binalong to Albury ; 
at Hay (where is a punt) by the road from New South Wales to Victoria, via. Forbes, 
Booligal, Deniliquin, and Moama ; and at Balranald (also a punt ) by the road from 
Deniliquin to Adelaide, via Euston and Wentworth. The navigation of the Mur- 
rumbidgee, opened up by Captain Fras. Cadell, who ascended it from the Murray 
in his steamboat ' Albury' as far as Gundagai, September 16th, 1858, is carried on 
as far as that township by a fleet of small river steamers plying to and from 
Adelaide. The Murrumbidgee is fed by several large, and innumerable small, streams, 
The principal ones are the Umaralla, Bredbo, Gudgenby, Molonglo, Cotter, Yass, 
'Goodradigbee, Tumut, and Lachlan rivers ; and the Gulf, Yaouk, Back, Alum, Warn- 



388 



The JVew South Wales Gazetteer. 



"brook, Coolringdong, Stack's, Colyer's, Six Mile, Micalago, Stoney, Guise's, Bulgar, 
Swanip, Tinker's, Waterhole, Oakey, Dam, Brassil, Warroo, Mountain, Macpherson's 
swamp, Jeremiah, Rocky Bedding, Matchem's, Oak, Limestone, the Oak, Crowpal, 
Jugiong, Spring, Muttama, Adelong, Native Dog, Nakie-Nakie, Nargus, Jetting, 
Billabong, Yaven-Yaven, Tarcutta, Houlahan's, Kiambla, Bullenbung, Yanko, and 
Mirrool creeks. Of these, many are mere small drainage streams, and one, the 
Yanko, is a branch of the Edward river, connecting it with the Murrumbidgee, and 
conveying a portion of the latter into the former river. In its course, the Murrum- 
bidgee waters several fertile agricultural plains, and passes through the Kiandra, Gulf, 
and Adelong gold fields. After leaving Wagga-Wagga, it drains a large tract of 
country with extensive swamps on both sides, stretching back for a considerable dis- 
tance, and abounding in waterfowl of all kinds. Further on, and beyond the junction 
of the Mirrool creek, it enters thickly-wooded country, with low, level, timbered 
country to the N., and polygonum flats liable to overflow on the S., until its con- 
fluence with the Lachlan river, where it expands into a vast swampy lake in rainy 
weather. This lake, the deepest part of which is known as Quaquingame, extends 
for aboiit 40 miles N., and is the one at which Oxley became so bewildered in 
voyaging down the Lachlan, that he turned back within 27 miles of discovering the 
Murrumbidgee. There are several other lakes lying near the banks of the river, and 
which, in time of flood, become merged into it : the principal are Yorga, Telia, We- 
comba, and Weldara. The area of the basin drained by the Murrumbidgee is esti- 
mated at 25,725 square miles, and, including its affluents, at 57,000 square miles. 
The geological formation of the upper part of the river is micaceous slate abutting on 
granitic spurs, connected with protogenic granite, composed of red felspar, white 
quartz, greenish chlorite, and a very small portion of mica, with bands of crystalline, 
grey silicious, and apparently dolomitized, marble, traversing the chlorite schist and 
separating it from chiastolite slate on the one side and laminated felsparic quartz- 
iferous rock on the other, extending in the direction of Queanbeyan. The bands of 
limestone may be traced N. to the vicinity of Goulburn. Lower down is slate, with 
mineral veins, then granite, and again micaceous slate about Wagga-Wagga. At the 
lower end the formation is pliocene tertiary, with alluvial and sandy fluviatile drift. 
The upper Murrumbidgee runs through a heavy mountainous country. The hills 
which bound its course on either side are bold, precipitous, and lofty. The limestone 
rock which forms their basis crops out continuously in long regular lines of upheaval, 
giving in some places the appearance of ruled lines, so straight and regular is the 
outcrop. This is sometimes varied by rocks of a porphyritic character, which some- 
times form high cliffs, rising up in perpendicular bluffs from the river bed. Here and 
there, with every bend of the river, rich flats of alluvial deposit occur, mostly above 
the ordinary line of floods, and varying in extent from 20 or 30 to a couple of hundred 
acres each. All these flats are taken up by free selectors. Nothing can be more 
beautiful than the country about the banks of this part of the river — the fine swelling 
hills, 700 or 800 feet high, sometimes rising abruptly, sometimes mounting by a long 
slope to the summit ; the rich flats all more or less cultivated ; the river winding 
amidst these, clear and bright as crystal ; aquatic birds of every kind sailing on its 
surface ; the fresh pure breeze invigorating the lungs, and making the work of 
breathing a luxury ; and the profusion of vegetation, together form a picture of the 
most serene and peaceful beauty. 

MTJRRUMBIDGKERIE STATION (Blujh district) ; occupier, Joshua, F. J. ; area, 
24,064 acres ; grazing capability, 1600 head of cattle. The old charges were £61 
7s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £'70. 

MTJRRUMB0 MOUNT (Co. Goulburn) is a peak in the" rugged and scrubby 
ranges to the S. of the Goulburn river, opposite the confluence of the Merriwa rivulet. 
Sandstone. 

MURRUMB0UGH STATION (Liverpool plains district) • occupier, McDonald, 
Robert ; estimated area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The 
old charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £50. 

MURRUMBULA CREEK (Co. Wellesley) is a smaU tributary of the Snowy 
river. Trap rock. 

MURRUMBURRAH, 34° 32' S. la*.-, 148° 27' E. long. {Co. Harden), is a postal 
township, in the parish of Murrumboola, electoral district of the Lachlan, and police 



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The Xew South Wales Gazetteer. 389 



district of Gundagai. It is situated on the Murrumboola creek, the Demondrille creek 
Taeing 1 mile, and the Connaughtman's creek 3 miles distant. All these creeks are 
more or less auriferous. Murrumburrah is both an agricultural, pastoral, and mining 
district ; it has no manufactories, but a mill is in course of erection. The mining is 
.alluvial, the nearest diggings being Demondi-ille, 2 miles distant, and Little Wombat, 
6 miles distant. The nearest townships are Binalong, 20 miles E. ; Coramundra, 25 
miles W. ; Wombat, 12 miles N.N.W. ; Young, 20 miles N. ; Jugiong, 20 miles S. 
The villages are Cunwengan, 4 miles E.; and Currawang, 5 miles N.E. Wombat and 
Young are mining townships, the others agricultural and pastoral. With Binalong, 
Wombat, and Young there is daily communication by coach, with the other places by 
horse or dray only. With Sydney, 220 miles N. E. , the communication is by coach 
from Yass, (42 miles distant), to Picton, and thence by rail. The hotels are the Com- 
mercial and the Criterion, at the former of which is the coach office. There is a post 
office and 3 stores in the township, which is under the control of a road board. The 
surrounding country is elevated and undulating, and is well grassed and lightly 
timbered. The geological formation is granitic, with numerous quartz reefs. The 
soil on the river flat is black and fertile, and highly cultivated ; on the hills is a rich red 
loam, well adapted for the growth of cereals. The population numbers about 150 persons. 

MURRUMIOl STATION [Murrwmbidgee district); occupiers, Trust and Agency 
company ; area, 32, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £40. 

MTJRRUNA INLET (Co. Dampier) is a small arm of the sea and the estuary 
of the Murrabine creek, lying to the S.E. of mount Dromedary. Granite and slate. 

MURRTJNDERY STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Kerr, Andrew ; 
.area, 19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £86. 

MURRUNGTJNDRY STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Gillies, John ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. Old charges, £30 4s. 6d. ; new 
.appraisement, £50. 

MURRURUNDI, 31° 48' S. lat., 150° 52' E. long. (Co. Brisbane), is a postal town- 
ship in the electoral district of the upper Hunter, and police district of Murrurundi. 
It is situated on the Page river, in an agricultural district, surrounded by mountains. 
There are 2 steam flour mills in the neighbourhood. Blandford lies 3 miles, and 
Wallabadah and Quirindi each 25 miles distant. With these places there is communi- 
cation by mail coach daily, and with Sydney, 190 miles S.E., by coach daily to 
Singleton, thence by rail to Newcastle, and thence by steamer. Murrurundi has a 
post and money order office, a telegraph station, and a benevolent asylum. There are 
.2 hotels, the Traveller's Best, and the Royal. There is a coach office in the township, 
where passengers and parcels can be booked for all places up and down on the great 
North road, upon which Murrurundi is situated. The surrounding country is moun- 
tainous, and the geological formation is sandstone and metamorphic slate. Murrur- 
undi has a branch of the Australian Joint Stock bank, and branches of the United, 
Sydney, and Australian Mutual Provident insurance companies. The population 
numbers 322 persons. 

Murrurundi is a police district, embracing the N.W. portion of the county of 
.Brisbane, and part of the pastoral district of Liverpool plains, and bounded on part of 
the S. , from mount Tinagroo in the Liverpool range, by a line bearing about E. 
■crossing the Kingdon ponds to the S.W. corner of A. S/Whiteman's 650 acres on 
Page's river, by the S. boundaries of that land and M. Gogg's 1223 acres bearing E. 
•crossing Page's river, and by a continued line bearing E. to the river Isis ; on the E. 
by that river upwards to the tributary which rises in the Liverpool range, about 1£ 
mile W. from Crawney's pass in that range, and by that tributary upwards to that 
range ; thence on the N. by the Liverpool range to the head of Quirindi creek, by 
Quirindi creek to the E. boundary of the Wallabadah reserve, by the E., N., and W. 
-boundaries of that reserve, by Quirindi creek to the E. boundary of Quirindi reserve, 
>by the E., N., and W. boundaries of that reserve, and by Quirindi creek to the Mooki 
-or Conadillv river ; -on the W. by that river to Coomoo-Coomoo creek, and by that 
<creek to its head in the Liverpool range ; and on the remainder of the S. by that 
range to mount Tinagroo aforesaid. The place of petty sessions is Murrurundi. 

MURRUILLIMBA STATION (Clarence district) ; occupier, Cooper, H. S. ; 
.area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £13. 



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MTJRULLA (Co. Brisbane) is a township, marked out on the bank of the river 
Page, opposite Blandford. It is in the electoral district of Upper Hunter. It has been 
surveyed and marked out, but none of the allotments are yet built upon. 

MURULLA MOUNT (Co. Brisbane) is a high peak of the Liverpool range, 
situated 4 miles S. of the town of Murrurundi, and overlooking the villages of Murulla 
and Blandford. With regard to the geology of this mountain, Mr. W. Keene, examiner 
of coal-fields says :- — Approaching Mount Murulla, the marine fossil beds are again 
abundant, and as I heard many different stories of rocks and fossils to be found on the 
mountain top, I went to the summit, which is about 2000 feet above Murrurundi, and 
nearly 4000 feet above the sea level. For 800 feet of the ascent the mountain is 
iianked as by a wall of coarse conglomerate, chiefly of quartzose pebbles, in some of 
which I found gold. The summit is a rough black basalt, in large angular masses, and 
ia such disorder as to indicate violent upheavel. The range on the opposite side of the 
narrow valley of Murrurundi is of like character, but there is sandstone in the valleys, 
and coal is reported to be seen cropping out in the creeks on the lower levels. I have 
reason to believe that the seam which is on fire at Mount Wingen extends into those 
levels, and will be found where they have not been disturbed by eruption." 

MURWIN MOUNT (Co. Northumberland) is a high peak in the Hunter range, 
lying in the parish of Werong, and near the head of the Werong creek. Sandstone. 

MUSCLEBROOK (or Muswellbrook) 32° 19' S. lat., 150° 57' E. long. (Co. 
Durham), is a postal town, in the parish of Rowan, electoral district of the Upper 
Hunter, and police districts of Miisclebrook and Merton. It is situated on the 
Muscle creek, and on the Hunter river, which, in its course from N. to S. skirts the 
township on its W. side. The district is agricultural and pastoral, principally the 
former, in the immediate neighbourhood of the town. There is a steam flour mill 
< Thrum's) in the town. The nearest place is Denman, 15 miles W., and on the road 
to Merriwa and Cassilis, there being communication by coach twice a week. With 
Sydney, 150 miles S.E., the communication is by coach to Singleton, thence by rail 
to Newcastle, and thence by steamer. It is, however, intended to establish a station 
on the contemplated extension of the Great Northern railway at Musclebrook, which 
will then connect it with Newcastle, a distance of 79 miles. There is a post and 
money order office, a telegraph station, a court house, where the petty and quarter 
sessions and district courts are held. There is a good hospital, supported partly by 
government, and partly by voluntary contributions, open to the sick and infirm of the 
districts of Musclebrook and Merriwa, and to all others in urgent cases. There are 
branches in the town of the Commercial, City, and Australian Joint Stock banks, and 
of the London and Lancashire, Pacific, Victoria, Colonial, United, Sydney, Northern, 
Liverpool and London and Globe, and Australian Mutual Provident insurance com- 
panies. The hotels are the White Hart, White Horse, Royal, Family, Shamrock 
inn, Plough inn, Railway, Prince of Wales, and Victoria inn. There are two coach 
offices in the township, whence coaches leave daily for Singleton, 27 miles S., and for 
Armidale and the N. districts every day, except Monday. The surrounding country 
is mostly flat, with a few undulating rises. It is well grassed and timbered. There 
are two Denominational schools in the town, which has a population of about 600 
inhabitants, that of the entire police district being about 2000. The geological forma- 
tion is principally carbonaceous sandstone and trap rock, with beds of slaty shale. 

MUSCLEBROOK and MERTON is a police district, embracing the S.W. por- 
tion of the county of Durham, the S.E. portion of the county of Brisbane, and the 
N.W. portion of the county of Hunter ; and bounded on the N. by the range divid- 
ing the waters of Saint Hillier's and Rouchel brooks, to the N. E . corner of Henry 
Dumaresq's 1500 acres, and by the N. boundary of that land and the S. boundary of 
the Adllage reserve of Aberdeen to the river Hunter, and by that river to the confluence 
of Dart brook, thence by that brook, the S. boundary of Hall's 3000 acres, dividing that 
land from D. M'Intyre's 2000 acres, and its W. continuation, forming the N. boun- 
daries of D. M'Intyre's 560, D. C. F. Scott's 2560, and W. Cox's 937 acres, and the 
S. boundaries of D. C. F. Scott's 640, S. Wright's 640, and W. Cox's 726 and 1056 
acres, to the confluence of Guangua creek with the Wybong creek ; thence by a line 
bearing W. to the S. E. corner of W. Hall's easternmost 640 acres ; by the S. , E. , and 
S. boundaries of Hall's land, exclusive of his 372 acres on Giant's creek, and a line 
W. from the S.W. corner of George Hall's 765 acres on Hall's creek, to the W. water* 



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shed of Warrendie creek ; on the W. by that watershed to the Goulburn river, by 
that river, upwards, to the confluence of Widdin creek, and by that creek to within 
3 miles of the confluence of Black Water creek ; thence by a spur range, and by the 
range dividing the waters of Widdin creek from those of Baerami, or James' creek, to 
Monundilla, and thence by the range dividing the waters of Greig's and Doyle's 
creeks from those of the Macdonald river ; and on the E. by the range dividing the 
waters of Parson's creek and the Wollombi brook from those of Doyle's creek, to the 
S.W. corner of the Jerry's plains reserve, and by the W. boundary of that reserve 
and its continuation N., forming the E. boundaries of Sharpe's, Robertson's, Prin- 
gle's, and Macartney's lands, to the range dividing the waters of Musclebrook and 
Saint Hillier's brook from those of the Salt-water creek, Foybrook, and Falbrook, 
and by that range to the range dividing the waters of Saint Hillier's and Rouchel 
brooks, aforesaid. The place of petty session is Musclebrook. 

MUSCLE BROOK ( Co. Durham) is a small E. tributary of the Hunter river, 
falling into it at the township of the same name. Sandstone and shale. 

MUSK VALLEY CREEK (Co. Clarence) is a small S. tributary of the Clar- 
ence river, flowing through good agricultural land into the main stream at S. Grafton. 
Sandstone and shales. 

MUSQ/UTTO CREEK {Co. Burnett, Gwydir district) is a small K tributary of 
the Gwydir river, rising in mount Musquito, and flowing S. W. , in a very tortuous 
course, through pastoral country. The geological formation of the country through 
which it flows is granitic, with pliocene tertiary drift. 

MUSCIUITO MOUNT {Co. Burnett) is a high solitary peak, situated near the 
sources of the Gilgil river, and about 12 miles N.W. of Warialda. Granite and lime- 
stone. 

MUSCIUITO TOWN (Co. Northumberland) is a small township, in the parish of 
Kin cumber, electoral district of Wollombi, and police district of Brisbane water. It 
is situated about a mile from the coast, about 10 miles E. from Gosford, and 2 miles 
E. from Kincumber. The district is an agriciiltural one, the inhabitants being mostly 
small farmers or persons engaged in timber cutting. The communication with Sydney, 
55 miles S. , is by dray or small boat tojGosford, 'and thence by steamer once a fortnight. 
There is no hotel nearer than Gosford. The surrounding country is very picturesque, 
consisting of hill, vale, and low land, the geological formation is chiefly sandstone, 
richly ferruginous, and the locality abounds in coal and other minerals. The popula- 
tion of the neighbourhood numbers about 300 persons. 

MUSWELLBR00K {Co. Durham). See Musclebrook. 

MUTTAGOONA STATION (Warrego district); occupier, Forlonge, William; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 5s. 

MUTTAGOONA BACK STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Forlonge, Wil- 
liam; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

MUTTAMA (or Mutta-Muttama) CREEK (Cos. Harden and Clarendon) is an 
important auriferous creek, rising in the low scrubby ranges lying to the S. of the 
Burrangong gold fields, and flowing S.S.E. through the townships of Cootamnndry, 
Muttama, and Coolac, into the Murrumbidgee river, about 6 miles N. E. of Gundagai. 
It forms portion of the division between the county of Harden, on the E. and that of 
Clarendon on the W., and is crossed by the main Sydney and Melbourne road, via 
Albury, near its mouth. There is some good agricultural land cut up into small farms 
at Cootamundry, and in the parish of Coolac, along the course of this creek. This 
creek is mostly dry in summer, and a dam upon it would be a boon to the residents 
of Cootamundry. Limestone and slaty shale. 

MUTTAMA STATION (Ldchlan district) ; occupier, Broughton, Thomas ; area, 
130,560 acres ; grazing capability, 27,000 sheep. Old charges, £270 ; new appraise- 
ment, £320. 

MUTT BILLY (Co. Argyle). See Bredalbane. 

MUTTON'S FALLS, 33° 30' S. lat., 149° 54' E. long. (Co. Westmoreland), is a 
postal township in the electoral district of E. Macquarie, and police district of 
Bathurst. It is situated on the Fish river, near its junction with the Macquarie 
river, and within a short distance of Evans' Crown ridge, from which mountain the 



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Bathurst plains were first seen by white men, these plains lying 25 miles distant. The 
district is thickly grassed, well timbered, and admirably adapted for agricultural pur- 
suits, which are extensively followed in the neighbourhood. There is a steam flour 
mill, (Row's). The nearest places are Oberon, 10 miles S.E. ; and Bathurst, 25 miles 
N. W. With these places, the communication is by horse or dray, the mail being con- 
veyed weekly on horseback. With Sydney, 143 miles W., the communication is from 
Bathurst by Cobb's coach to Penrith, and thence by rail. Mutton's Falls is under the 
control of a road board. The surrounding country is slightly elevated, hilly, but not 
mountainous. The geological formation is sandstone and shale. The population of 
the neighbourhood numbers about 500 persons. 

MYALI STATION [Albert district) ■ occupier, Chisholm, James ; area, 38,400 
acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £51 lis. 

MYALI BACK RUN STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Chisholm, James; 
area, 38,400 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

MYALLA CREEK (Co. Beresford) is a small creek, flowing near Cooma. A 
coal mine has been discovered on the banks of this creek by Messrs. Harnett and 
Montagu. 

MYALLA STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Bradley, William ; area, 
42,000 acres ; grazing capability, 10,000 sheep. Charges, £135. 

MYALL, BACK, CAMP (N) STATION ( Wellington district); occupiers, Thomp- 
son and Stewart ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The 
nearest post town is Dubbo. Charges, £30. 

MYALL CAMP (N) STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Gilmore, John 
N. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post 
town is Dubbo. Charges, £30. 

MYALL CAMP (S) STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Gilmore, John 
N. ; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post 
town is Dubbo. Charges, £30. 

MYALL CREEK (Co. Denham) is a small W. tributary of the Williams' river, 
flowing through good agricultural country into the main stream at Dungog. Granite, 
sandstone, and limestone. 

MYALL CREEK (Co. Murchison, Gwydir district) is a N. auriferous tributary of 
the Gwydir river, rising in the rugged granite scrubby country to the W. of Inverell, 
and flowing W. about 35 miles into the main stream about 5 miles N.W. of Bingara. 
The lower part of its course forms portion of the Bingara gold workings. The 
geological formation is granitic, the gold being found associated with garnets, 
sapphires, and tin ore, in the transmuted members of the base of the upper, or the top 
of the middle palaeozoic groups, with which serpentine, charged with chromate of 
iron, is in close connection, and which have been doubtless affected by diorite or 
greenstone. 

MYALL CREEK (New England, district) is a small E. tributary of the Severn 
river, falling into it below its confluence with Frazer's Creek, and near the junction 
of the Bengalla and Tenterfield roads from Ashford. Granite, sandstone, and slate. 

MYALL CREEK STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Dangar, W. J. ; area, 
48,000 acres ; grazing capability, 3840 head of cattle. The old charges were £200 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £360. 

MYALL C0WELL STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, McNevin, John ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 10s. 

MYALL FOREST STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Kennedy, R.; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £42. 

MYALL LAKE (Co. Gloucester) is a large saltwater lake, formed by an expansion 
of the Myall river in its course to port Stephens. It is about 17 miles long from N. 
to S. , and 6 miles across in its widest part. It receives the waters of the Booloom- 
bago creek on its W. side. The township of Bullah-Delah is distant about 8 miles 
W., and port Stephens about 20 miles S.S.W. Much of the land on the banks of the 
lake is eminently fitted for agricultural purposes, and is taken up by a body of small 
farmers, who cultivate it with great success. Alluvial drift. 



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MYALL LOWRY STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Evans, 
James; estimated area, 50,000 acres; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The 
old charges were £60 ; the recently appraised rental is £150. 

MYALL PLAIN STATION (Murrumbidgee district); occupier, Brennan, Patrick; 
area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

MYALL RIVER (Co. Gloucester) is a fine stream, rising to the S.E. of the 
township of Gloucester, and flowing S. E. past Bullah-delah into the lagoon known as 
the Broadwater, whence it also flows in a S. direction into the N.E. part of port 
Stephens. It is fed by the Crawford river, which falls into it at Bullah-delah, and 
flows through rough, well-timbered country, well suited to agricultural purposes. 
Sandstone and shale. 

MYALL RIVER VILLAGE ( Co. Gloucester). See Bullah-Delah. 

MYLADY CREEK (Co. Vernon) is a small N. tributary of the Apsley river, 
joining it about 4 miles E. of Walcha. Granite and slate. 

MY LOR A STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Garry, John L.; area, 7680 
acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. The old charges were £33 8s. 9d. ; 
the recently appraised rental is £50. 

MYNLA STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Gibson, Geo.; area, 16,000 acres ; 
grazing capability, 1600 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

MYRABLTJEN MOUNT (Co. Brisbane). See Webimble Mount. 

MYR ANGLE CREEK (Co. Gordon) is a S. tributary of the Buckinbar creek. 
Granite, limestone, and slaty shale. 

MYRTLE CREEK (Co. Camden) is a small tributary of the Nepean river. 
Sandstone. 

MYRTLE CREEK {Co. Northumberland) is a small N. tributary of the lower 
end of the Hawkesbury river, falling into it near Wiseman's ferry. Sandstone. 

MYRTLE CREEK ( Co. Richmond) is the name given to the head of the S. 
arm of the Richmond river. Sandstone. 

MYRTLE CREEK (or Bungawaubbin) STATION (Clarence district) ; occu- 
piers, executors of Clark Irving ; area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4500 head 
of cattle. Charges, £281 5s. 

MYRTLEVILLE (Co. Argyle) is a postal township, in the parish of Taralla, 
electoral district of Argyle, and police district of Goulburn. It is situated on the 
Myrtle creek, 12 miles from the Tarlo river, and 22 miles N. of the Wollondilly river. 
Myrtleville is a newly-formed township in an agricultural and pastoral district, having 
a steam flour mill (Blay's) and a saw mill. The nearest places are Goulburn, 24 miles 
S. , and Taralga, 6 miles N. , the communication being by horse and dray. With 
Sydney, 150 miles N.E., the communication is by coach from Goulburn to Picton, and 
thence by rail. Myrtleville has a post office and a National school, also 1 hotel, the 
Strathard. The surrounding country is mountainous, and the geological formation 
chiefly limestone and shale, with beds of pipeclay. The population numbers about 
100 persons, there being about 20 dwellings. 

MYTHE'S, OUTER STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, McLeod, James ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. 
Charges, £35. 

MYTHE STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, McLeod, James ; area, 32,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. Charges, 
£35. 

MYTHIS, N., BLOCK (A) STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Nash, Wil- 
liam ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Perry. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

MYTHIS BLOCK (B) STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Nash, William ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. 
Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

MYTHIS, OUTER, BACK BLOCK (B) STATION (Darling district) • occupier, 



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Nash, William ; area, 24,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Perry. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

MYTHIS BLOCK (C) STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Nash, William ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. 
Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

NAAS STATION {Monaro district) ; occupiers, Gilchrist, Watt, and Co.; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

NAAS STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Herbert, M.; area, 16,000 acres; 
grazing capability, 3000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

NAAS VALLEY {Co. Cowley) is a deep and fertile valley, running in a line 
with the W. bank of the Murrumbidgee river. The geological formation is granitic, 
bearing veins of schorlaceous quartz. Near the river the granite passes into mica, 
slate, or gneiss, a nodular as well as schistose rock. Patches of segregated horn- 
blendic elements, and veins of porphyry also occur. 

NAAS VALLEY CREEK ( Co. Cowley) is a fine stream of water, rising in the 
E. slope of the Gudgenby hill, and flowing S.E. across the rich Bobeyan flats. It 
then turns to the N. , at the W. foot of mount Clear, where it receives the waters of 
several small unnamed creeks, and flows through the fertile Naas valley in a parallel 
course to the W. bank of the Murrumbidgee river, until it falls into the Gudgenby 
river, about 6 miles S. of Tharwa. It is fed by the Very Deep creek. This creek is 
subject to heavy floods, which have not only materially raised the bed of the valley, 
but have also in places excavated deep valleys. In one place, during the flood of 
September, 1843, it is stated by Mr. H. W. Nichols, that a hole 10 feet deep, and 
50 feet wide was excavated. The geological formation is granitic, containing large 
crystals of white mica, quartz, and felspar, which sometimes assumes a graphic cha- 
racter, and at others become mingled with crystals of hornblende and schoral. There 
are also dykes of eurite, leptemte, vakito, and quartz. 

NACKA-NACKA CREEK {Co. Wynyard) is a S. auriferous tributary of the 
Murrumbidgee river, rising in the middle Adelong gold fields, and flowing N.W., 
about 20 miles, through flat scrubby country. It is fed by Yaven creek. The geo- 
logical formation is principally slate, charged with mineral veins. 

NACKA-NACKA MOUNT {Co. Wynyard) is a lofty peak in the Murray 

ranges, attaining an elevation of 2242 feet above the level of the sea, and lying about 
4 miles S. W. of the township of Adelong. Metamorphic slate, granite, and quartz 
reefs. 

NADBUCK STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Hogg, James Ed. ; area, 
128,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

NADJIG0MAR CREEK {Co. Argyle) is a small tributary of the Budjong 
creek. Limestone. 

NAGHA LAKE (Co. A uckland) is a small lagoon, lying about 3 miles N. of 
cape Howe. The entrance is a shifting sand, the lake being sometimes open, and 
often closed. The surrounding country consists of barren heath country, backed by 
broken ranges. Granite and slate. 

NAIL CAN DIGGINGS {Co. Goulbum) is a small quartz and alluvial diggings, 
lying 3 miles to the N. of Albury, under the Black range of mountains. There is a 
20 horse power crushing machine at work on these diggings. Granite and schist. 

NALBAUGH HILL {Co. Auckland) is an elevation on the Wog-Wog river, 
and on the road from Twofold bay to Bombala, via the Mahratta creek. Granite and 
trap rock. 

NALVIRA STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Carfrae, John ; area, 35,200 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £90. 

NALVIRA OUTER STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Carfrae, John ; 
area, 96,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

NAMBUCCA HEAD {Co. Raleigh) is the N. head of the Nambucca river, and 
is a bold promontory, lying about 12 miles N. of Trial bay. Sandstone. 

NAMBUCCA RIVER {Co. Raleigh) is a fine mountain stream, flowing through 



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395 



low swampy country, well timbered with cedar and other valuable woods. It falls 
into the ocean by a narrow rocky channel, about 14 miles N. of Trial bay, and is 
navigable for the small vessels that trade there for cedar, the only export. It is fed 
by the Algomera and Dargan creeks. Sandstone, slate, and limestone. 

NAMOI HUT STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, executors of 
G. K. Ingelow ; estimated area, 71,680 acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. The old 
charges were £50 ; the recently appraised rental is £190. 

NAMOI for Peel) RIVER (Liverpool plains district) is a noble stream, rising by 
two heads, in the W. slope of the Australian Alps. The X. head, known as the Muluer- 
indie river, has its source at the junction of the Mani and Moonbi ranges, near the 
hill known as the Basaltic column. It flows X. through the deep, precipitous, and 
rugged falley, formed by the two ranges, for about 40 miles, when it turns to the N.W, , 
through the township of Bendemeer, and thence S.W. to its confluence with the S. 
branch near Somerton, having flowed about 120 miles. TheS. branch, generally known 
as the Peel river proper, rises in the N. of the Liverpool ranges, between the Hanging 
rock and the Crawney pass, and flows X. and N.W. about 80 miles through the town- 
ships of Nundle, Dungowan, Woolomin, Tamworth, Bective, and Somerton, below 
which it joins the N. head or Muluerindie river. The main stream, the Namoi 
proper, then flows N.W. and W., nearly 200 miles, through the townships of Carroll, 
Gunnedah, Gulligal, Narrabri, Wee-Waa, and Walgett, where it falls into the Barwon 
or upper Darling river. The Namoi, with its two heads, flows through or divides the 
counties of lnglis, Parry, Buckland, Pottinger, Darling, Jamison, Baradine, "White, 
and Denham. The upper portion is auriferous, and runs amidst vast precipices and 
immense chasms in the rugged mountain regions of the Australian Alps. Lower 
down, the country through which it flows subsides into vast undulating plains of fine 
land of the richest description, studded with clumps of graceful trees, but principally 
devoid of timber. These plains, probably the most fertile in Australia, are the well- 
known Liverpool plains, first discovered by Oxley in 1818, and named by him after 
Lord Liverpool, and explored by Mitchell in his voyage down the Namoi river in 
1831. The river, after flowing through this splendid country for many miles, at last 
passes through a precipitous pass in the range of red trap hills, and debouches on a 
large flat tract of comparatively barren country, studded with stunted gum and box 
trees, and intersected with scattered belts of myall scrub. It is, however, well 
grassed, and occasionally swampy, there being also numerous quicksands to the S.W. 
The Namoi river is fed by innumerable tributary streams, the principal of which are 
the Manila river, and the Smith's, Ingleba, Bald, Black Spur, Surveyors', Congi, Car- 
lyle's, Mount Lowry, New England, and Hall's creeks, flowing into the N. head or 
Muluerindie river, the Cockburn river and W 7 ombramarg, Nundle, Hanging rock, 
Duncan's, Ogunbil (or Dungowan) Goonoo-Goonoo, Moore, and Sandy creeks into the S. 
head or Peel river, and the Conadilly (or Mooki) river, and Turrabeile, Maule's, Briga- 
low, Calathora, Pian, and Baradine (or Bungle) gully creeks, into the main stream or 
Namoi river proper. The Narnoi flows a total course of about 600 miles, and drains 
an area of about 17,500 square miles. The geological formation of the upper and 
middle parts of the Naraoi is granitic, with outcropping basaltic columns. Gold is 
found in the main and many of the tributary streams, being associated principally 
with the transmuted members of the base of the upper or the top of the middle palaeo- 
zoic groups, with which serpentine, charged with chromate of iron, is in close con- 
nection, and which have been, doubtless, affected by diorite or greenstone. 

NAM00N STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Cornish, E. B. ; area, 35,840 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

NANANGrRO STATION [Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Sheahan, J. P., 
and Mrs. A. ; area, 9000 ' acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£37 10s. 

NANDEWAR (or Nundewae) is a county in the pastoral district of Liverpool 
plains. It contains 2198 acres of alienated land, and 773,502 acres unalienated. Its 
present boundaries, however, are open to modification. 

NANDEWAR RANGE [Liverpool plains district). See Ntjndewar Range. 

NANDI CREEK (Co. Leichhardt) is a small watercourse, rising in the hill of 
the same name, and falling into the Castlereagh river at the foot of the hill, 1^ mile 
from the township of Coonabarabran. Slate and schist. 



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NANDI MOUNT (Co. Leichhardt) is a small conical-shaped bald hill, lying near 
the head of the Castlereagh river, 1^ miles from the township of Coonabarabran. The 
.geological formation consists generally of basaltic lava. 

NANDILLION PONDS (Co. Wellington) is a chain of waterholes, connected by 
a running stream during ordinary weather, and flowing into the Larvas lake creek. 
Sandstone, slate, and limestone. 

NANDI STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Field, William ; estimated area, 
5000 acres; grazing capability, 120 head of cattle. The old charges were £10; 
the recently appraised rental is £10. 

NANGAHRA CREEK (Co. Darling) is an auriferous stream, rising in the 
■country to the W. of mount Lowry, and flowing W. and S.W. through the Ironbark' 
gold field. The country on this creek consists of good pastoral land. It is f«d by the 
Timbundie, or Ironbark creek. The geological formation is hornblendic granite, in 
the detritus of which gold, associated with garnets, sapphires, and tin ore is found. 

NANGUNIA STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Mackay, G. 
Edward ; area, 16,760 acres ; grazing capabihty, 4000 sheep. Charges, £255. 

NANGUS STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Jenkin, J. and F. ; area, 
57,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2200 head of cattle. The old charges were £100 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £165. 

NANGUTTA STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Weatherhead, Alexander ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £100. 

NANIMA MOUNT {Co. Bligh). See Diehaed Mount. 
^NANIMA STATION (LacJdan district) ; occupier, West, Major J.; area, 
30, 720 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £65. 

NANIMA STATION (Wellington district) ; occupier, Campbell, J. S. ; esti- 
mated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £60. 

NANN'S POINT (Co. Cumberland) is a rocky promontory on the N. side of port 
Jackson, opposite Long Nose point. The waters of the port to the W. of this point 
are known as the Parramatta river. On this point the proposed township of Green- 
wich stands. Sandstone. 

NANY MOUNT (Co. BucHand) is a peak of the Liverpool range, attaining an 
altitude of over 3000 feet, and lying at the head of Taylor's creek. Older volcanic. 

NAPIER is a county in the pastoral district of Bligh. It contains 5800 acres of 
alienated land, and 887,000 acres unalienated. Its present boundaries, however, are 
open to modification. 

NAP-NAP BLOCK (A) STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Kaye, 
W., and Butchart, G.; area, 46, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Balranald. Charges, £40. 

NAP-NAP BLOCK (B) STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Kaye, 
W., and Butchart, G. ; area, 46,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Balranald. Charges, £40. 

NAP-NAP "BLOCK (C) STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Kaye, 
W., and Butchart, G. ; area, 46,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Balranald. Charges, £40. 

NAP-NAP STATION (Murrumbidgee district;) occupiers, Kaye, W., and But- 
chart, G. ; estimated area, 42,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 head of cattle. The 
nearest post town is Balranald. The old charges were £250 ; the recently appraised 
rental is £409. 

NARABURA CBEEK STATION (Lachlan district); occupier, Beveridge, 
James ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

NARADHAN, E., STATION (Lachlan district); occupier, O' Sullivan, D. and 
S. ; area, 23,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31 2s. 6d. 

NARADHAN, N., STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, O'SuUivan, D. and 
S. ; area, 23,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



397 



NARADHAN STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Cummins, Michael James 
area, 50,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £55. 

NARAMA BACK STATION (Bligh district) • occupier, Smith, Geo. ; area, 
20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £25 10s. 

NARANGULLEU MOUNT (Co. Cowley) is a lofty, detached hill, lying on the 
E. bank of the Goodradigbee river, near the head of the Sugar Loaf creek. Granite 
and limestone. 

NARA STATION [Albert district) ; occupier, Carfrae, John; area, 33,280 acres ;. 
grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £90. 

NARELLAN, 34° 2' S. lat., 150° 45' E. long. (Co. Cumberland), is a postal 
town, in the parish of Narellan, electoral district of Narellan, and police district of 
Camden, lying about 2 miles N. of the Nepean river, in the midst of a rich agricul- 
tural and pastoral district. It is not watered by any creek, but has a fine large 
reservoir of excellent water, which amply supplies all its requirements. There are 2 

i frc 
2ob 

places tnere is com- 
munication by mail coaches running twice a day. With Sydney, distant 38 miles- 
S. E. , the communication is by coach to Campbelltown, and thence by rail. The 
hotels in Narellan are the Queen's Arms and the Crown. There is a carrying office 
in the town, whence goods may be despatched by Battam's van to Campbelltown and 
Camden, daily. The surrounding country is elevated, undulating, and" well cleared 
the soil being of a strong clayey nature, and the geological formation red sandstone! 
The population numbers about 200 persons. 

The Narellan electoral district embraces the S. portion of the county of Cumber- 
land, and is bounded on the N. , from Wattamolla, on the sea coast, by a line bearing 
N.W. to the N. boundary of John Lucas' grant on Woronora creek ; thence by a 
line, W., crossing Deadman's creek, to the S.E. corner of the parish of Minto, by the. 
S. boundary of that parish, W. , to the Campbelltown road, and by the cross road, 
thence, to the Cowpasture road ; by the Cowpasture road, N. , to Carne's hill ; and 
thence by the Bringelly road to Bringelly creek, and by that creek to the Nepean 
river ; on the W. by the Nepean river, upward, to the confluence of the Cataract 
river ; on the S. by that river, upward, to the confluence of Cataract creek ; and 
thence by a line, easterly, to the Coal cliff ; and on the E. by the sea to Wattamolla, 
aforesaid. This electorate comprises the districts of Campbelltown, Camden, and. 
Narellan, and returns 1 member to the Legislative Assembly, the present representa- 
tive being J. Hurley, Esq. The number of registered electors in this district is 712. 
of whom 477 voted at the last general election, 1864-1865. 

NARELLAN CREEK ( Co. Monteagle) is a fine W. tributary of the Boorowa 
river, rising in the flat pastoral country to the E. of Murringo, and flowing N.E. 
about 20 miles. Limestone and slate. 

NAREMERRAMANG STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Cun- 
ningham, A. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £50. 

N ARGUS CREEK (Co. Clarendon, Lachlan district), a small N. tributary of 
the Murrumbidgee river, flowing S. W. about 8 miles. 

NARIGAN CREEK (Co. Argyle) is a small drainage creek from the dividing- 
range, flowing N. E. into lake Bathurst, through the town of Boro. Sandstone. 

NARIRA STATION (Monaro district); occupier, Tarlington, Wm. Dug^an 
area, 9700 acres ; grazing capability, 150 head of cattle. Charges, £10. 

NARRA ALLEN STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Pring, John ; area, 
15,360 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £38 2s.' 
6d.; the recently appraised rental is £70. 

NARRABA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Lehane, Jeremiah • area 
23,680 acres ; grazing capability, 1200 head of cattle. Old charges, £73 15s.'- new 
appraisement, £108 6s. 8d. 

NARRABA STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Smith, George; area, 14 000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ■ ' the 
recently appraised rental is £55. 



398 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



NARRABEEN (or Narrowbine) LAGOON {Co. Cumberland) is a shoal inlet 
from the sea, lying on the coast, about half way between port Jackson and Broken 
bay. Sandstone. 

NARRABONE STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Flood, Edw. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

NARRABRI, 30° 30' S. lat., 149° 45' E. long. (Co. Nandeivar) is a postal 
township in the electoral district of the Gwydir, and police district of Wee Waa. It 
is situated on the Narrabri creek, an Ana branch of the Namoi river, and about a 
mile distant E. of that river. There are many small lagoons or waterholes in the 
neighbourhood, most of which run dry in the summer. The Bullerawa creek (a very- 
small one) runs within 6 miles, and the Nandewar range of mountains, a spur of the 
Dividing range, stands 12 miles distant to the E. The district is a pastoral one, but 
there are a few selectors settling down on the available land, and agriculture is be- 
ginning to spread, although it is limited in extent at present. Gold has been found 
by prospectors in the Nandewar range and the Bullerawa creek, but not in any 
quantity. It is likely, however, that in time payable diggings will be discovered, as 
there are auriferous indications all over the neighbourhood. The workings hitherto 
tried have been alluvial only. The nearest places are Wee Waa, distant 25 miles 
almost due W. ; Walgett, 125 miles in the same direction — both townships lying on 
the Namoi river ; Tarrawan, 17 miles E., also on the Namoi ; GulligaL 45 miles E. ; 
Gunnedah, 60 miles E. ; and Tamworth (the next telegraph station), 120 miles E. 
With these places the communication is by horse and private conveyance only, except 
with places on the Northern road, a coach running from Narrabri to Willow Tree to 
meet the Northern mail coach. With Sydney, 315 miles S.E., the communication is 
"by that coach to Willow Tree, thence by mail coach to Singleton, thence by rail to 
Newcastle, and thence by steamer. The distance from Narrabri to Maitland is 230 
miles. There is a hospital at Narrabri, established by the committee of the Narrabri 
Benevolent society, in which patients who possess means are expected to contribute 
towards their support, although those who cannot pay are received and attended to 
free of cost. There is a post and money order office, a police barrack, and a court of 
petty sessions once a month ; a district Court will be established shortly, and a sub- 
stantial brick court house and lock-up are m course of erection. The hotels are 
Huxley's, and Reuben's, at the former of which is the booking office for the coach to 
Willow Tree. Narrabri is in the pastoral district of Liverpool plains, the surrounding 
country consisting of great plains, in some places fairly timbered with ironbark, silver- 
leaved ditto, varieties of the gum, myall, she-oak, box, apple, bumble, bloodwood, and 
others. There is rich black alluvial soil of considerable depth, intermixed in some 
places with sand, very difficult to travel over after heavy rains, the lower formation 
of sandstone being occasionally exposed. The Namoi river flows through the entire 
district in a general W. direction, and joins the Barwon at Walgett. It is not navi- 
gable, but is frequently flooded after rain. Of such floods the highest known took 
place in Februarj^, 1864, when the township of Narrabri was covered with water to 
an average depth of 4i feet, and very great damage was done to property, Tamworth 
and Gunnedah suffering more severely, however. In January, 1841, a similar flood 
covered the district to nearly the same height. The climate of Narrabri and the 
neighbourhood is very hot in the summer months, and in winter generally fine and 
healthy, with slight frost at night. Long droughts sometimes occur, during which 
vegetation suffers greatly, particularly if they occur during summer. To these usually 
succeed heavy rains, during which the rivers and creeks rise, and the entire country is 
rendered so marshy that travelling becomes extremely difficult. Some of the summits 
of the Nandewar range, 12 miles E., are very picturesque; amongst them the "two 
Haystacks," and Ningadoon, may be mentioned. The latter is crowned with a rock 
which presents an extraordinary resemblance to the keep of a mediaeval castle, 
as seen in other parts of the world. The geological formation is granitic and schistose, 
with deep black alluvial drift. The population numbers about 95 persons. 

NARRABURRA CHEEK {Co. Bland, Lachlan district) is a S. tributary of 
the upper part of the Yeo-Yeo creek, flowing N. , and being fed by the Wollondilly 
creek. Silurian, with alluvial drift. 

NARRAGAL STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Maxwell, John ; area, 
16,218 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the re- 
cently appraised rental is £58 6s. 8d. 



The New South Wales Gazetteer 



399 



NARRAMINE STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Christie and Went- 
worth ; area, 57,200 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The nearest post 
town is Dubbo. The old charges were £60 ; the recently appraised rental is £140. 

NARRANDERA, 34° 46' S. lat., 146° 35' E. long. (Co. Cooper), is a postal town- 
ship, in the parish of Narrandera, electoral district of Murrumbidgee, and police dis- 
trict of Wagga-Wagga. It is situated on the Murrumbidgee river, 366 miles W. S. W. 
of Sydney, and 60 miles W. of Wagga-Wagga, on the main line of road between the 
latter place and Hay, Balranald, Wentworth, and South Australia. The Mirool creek 
runs nearly parallel with the Murrumbidgee, at a distance of about 30 miles N. , and 
the Yanko creek enters the Murrumbidgee on the S. side, about 7 miles below the 
township. There is a range of mountains of granitic formation lying between the 
Murrumbidgee and the Mirool, and running E. and W. 20 miles N. of Narrandera, the 
highest peaks being Square Head, 22 miles N.E. ; Bolaro, 26 miles E.N.E.; and Bin- 
gala, 50 miles W. N. W. The district is almost exclusively pastoral, there being very 
little agricultural capacity. A quartz reef has been recently opened about 20 miles 
N. E. , but it has not yet proved payable. Wagga-Wagga lies 60 miles E. ; Darlington, 
SO miles W. ; Hay, 110 miles W. ; and Urana, 50 miles S. There are telegraph stations 
at Wagga-Wagga, Hay, and Urana. A 2-horse vehicle; conveying the mails, plies 
weekly between Hay and Wagga-Wagga, and there is a punt on the river between Nar- 
randera and the hamlet of Gillenbah, which lies half a mile distant S. With Sydney, 
366 miles N.E., the communication is by Cobb's mail coach, via Wagga-Wagga, Gun- 
dagai, and Yass, to Picton, and thence by rail. Narrandera has a post office, and a 
monthly court of petty sessions. There is a church and school house about to be 
erected in the township. There are 3 hotels, the Narrandera, B.oyal, and Hit or Miss 
inn. Being situated on the main road, a large proportion of the stock travelling to 
Melbourne from the upper Lachlan, Castlereagh, Macquarie, and New England and 
Queensland, cross the Murrumbidgee at this place. The surrounding country consists 
of saltbush and open boree plains, with undulating sandhills at intervals. Near the 
river banks there are lightly grassed flooded green flats, for the most part intersected 
by lagoons of considerable extent. On the sand hills grows sparse pine and honey- 
suckle scrub. The geological formation is older pliocene tertiary. The population 
numbers about 100 persons. 

NARRANDERA STATION {Lachlan district); occupier, Flood, E.; area, 85,120 
acres ; grazing capability, 10,000 sheep. The nearest post town is Narrandera. The 
old charges were £100 ; the recently appraised rental is £133. 

NARRANDARRY STATION ( Wellington district) y occupier, Walsh, Michael ; 
area, 7000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were <£40 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £50. 

NARRAN (or King's Creek) (Co. Macquarie) is a small S. tributary of the 
Hastings river, flowing past the boundary of the Wanghope estate. Sandstone. 

NARRA-NARRA-WA (or Mount Pleasant) ( Co. Goulbum) is a lofty peak 
of the broken mountainous country, intersected with deep gullies in the middle of the 
county. Micaceous schists and whinstone, with granite at the summit. 

NARRAN RIVER ( Warrego district) is a stream flowing from the Culgoa river, 
in the colony of Queensland, and flowing S. into New South Wales. After a course 
of about 50 miles, through open forest and vast polygonum plains, liable to inunda- 
tion ; in the latter colony it loses itself in a large tract of swampy country, whose 
overflow drains into the Barwon or upper Darling. There is a crossing place on this 
river, called the Rocky ford, in about 29° 25' S. lat., 147° 50' E. long., on a track from 
Dubbo, via Warran and the Macquarie river, into Queensland. The Narran was dis- 
covered by Mitchell, in 1845. The geological formation is lower palaeozoic, with 
pliocene tertiary deposit. 

NARRAN SWAMP ( Co. Clyde) is a large marshy lagoon, into which the Nar- 
ran river empties itself, and which in wet seasons overflows into the Barwon river. 
Along the banks of this swamp the grass is of a very rich description, growing on 
plains or wide open forest, in every respect highly available for cattle stations. 
Granite and alluvial and fluviatile drift. 

NARRAN BACK RUN (E) STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, White, 
James j area, 56,320 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 



400 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



[jSTar — Nat 



NARRAN, BACK W., STATION ( Warrego district); occupier, White, James ; 
area, 51,800 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

NARRAN WATER STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, Richardson and 
Wrench ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

NARRAN STATION {Bligh district) ; occupiers, Reeves, R, and J. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1500 sheep. The old charges were £50 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £50. 

NARRAWA RIVER {Cos. Monteagle, Forbes, and King) a name for the upper 
part of the Lachlan river. See Lachlax River. 

NARRAWAH (or Gummell) BLOCK (A) STATION {Lachlan district) ; 
occupier, Tom, William, sen. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of 
cattle. Charges, £36. 

NARRAWAY, N., STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Rouse, George 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Coonamble. Old charges, £30 ; new appraisement, £60. 

NARRAWAY STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Rouse, George ; estimated 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Coonamble. The old charges were £21 5s. ; the recently appraised rental is £60. 

NARR0MINE is a county in the pastoral district of Bligh. It contains. 
1,063,700 acres of unalienated land. Its present boundaries, however, are open to 
modification. 

NARROW A STATION {Albert district); occupiers, McCulloch and Sellar 
area, 48,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31 10s. 

NARR0WGUT {Co. Northumberland) is a highly cultivated agricultural district, 
on the S. banks of the Hunter river, about 1 mile N.W. of Morpeth. Large 
quantities of maize and lucerne are grown on the rich alluvial river flats. 

NARR0WIN STATION {Bligh district) ; occupiers, Parbury and Lamb ; 
area, 15,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £40. 

NARROW PLAIN STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Ross and 
Ramsay, James ; area, 31,360 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £26 ; the recently appraised rental is £90. 

NARYBABA STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Doyle, Thomas ; area, 
30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 300 head of cattle. Charges, £48. 

NATTAI (or New Sheffield) ( Co. Camden) is a postal township, in the parish 
of Mittagong, electoral district of Camden, and police district of Camden, Narellan, 
and Picton. It is situated on the Nattai creek, whence it derives its name, at an 
elevation of about 2500 feet above the level of the sea. The district is an agricul- 
tural, pastoral, and mining one, the minerals worked being coal and iron, of both of 
which there are large deposits. The former is good in quality, and found in tolerably 
thick seams, and is used chiefly in the production of iron, of which there are large 
and rich deposits. The iron ore is a red hematite, containing about 70 per cent, of 
metal, and is found both on the surface and also extending underground to a depth of 
30 feet. The celebrated Fitzroy iron works are in the township ; they give employ- 
ment to about 150 persons. There are some fine freestone quarries in the neighbour- 
hood, whence excellent building material is obtained. The nearest places are Ber- 
rima (the nearest telegraph station), 9 miles S.W., and Picton, 27 miles ; both towns 
situated on the Great Southern road, and with both there is communication by coach. 
With Sydney, 74 miles N. E. , there is communication from Picton by rail. The 
Great Southern railway passes through the township of Nattai, and a station will 
shortly be established there. The longest railway tunnel in the colony is cut through 
the Gibraltar hill, at a distance of about a mile from the town. Nattai has a post 
office, a National school, and a ragged school, recently established by Mr. Joy. There 
is also a Wesleyan chapel in the township. There are 2 hotels, the Old Pitzroy, 
(Watson's) and Rush's, at the former of which the coaches stop. The surrounding 
country is very mountainous, and in many places wild and romantic in the extreme, 
and well worthy the attention of the tourist. There are several chalybeate springs in 
the neighbourhood, very much resorted to by invalids, and in the rocky ravines 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 401 



and chasms are numerous picturesque waterfalls and cascades. The geological for- 
mation belongs to the carboniferous group. The population of Nattai and the neigh- 
bourhood numbers about 1000 persons. The followingdes cription of the Fitzroy iron 
mines, from the Sydney Moming Herald, may not be out of place : — "Somewhere 
about 15 years ago, a large deposit of iron ore was disclosed on the Southern road, 
about half way from Sydney to Goulburn. The land was eagerly purchased, and 
great expectations were cherished that a prosperous iron manufacture would soon 
be established. From that day to this these expectations have been perpetually 
renewed and perpetually disappointed. The promise has always been on the point 
of being realized, and. the performance has always been postponed. The long delay 
has made many hearts sick, and some pockets light. From first to last not less 
than £100,000 have been sunk on the property, and as yet not a penny of dividend 
has been returned. The causes of this failure it is not difficult to trace. In the first 
place, the want of transit has been a great impediment. Fitzroy is 74 miles from 
Sydney. The cartage of heavy machinery has been very expensive, and it did not 
pay to send pig-iron down to town. In the second place, there has been a want of 
capital. Although so large a sum has been spent, it has been spent in driblets, and 
never at any time was there enough. Iron works require a large capital, and they 
require that capital to be boldly invested at once in adequate appliances. It is im- 
possible to carry on mining and blasting and puddling operations without a large 
preliminary outlay, and to shut the expenditure in the necessary preliminaries 
is simply to ensure more or less of failure. In the third place, there has been 
a great lack of continuous good management. Had the estate been from the 
first the property of a practised iron master, he would have drawn a profit 
from it in spite of the difficulties of transit. But the proprietors have all along 
been persons who had no practical acquaintance with the manufacture of iron. 
They had plenty of faith and enterprise, but that only lured them the more surely 
to disappointment. They have been from time to time in the hands of succes- 
sive managers, who have tempted them on to ever fresh expenditure, but who have 
failed to show a balance sheet of the right sort. A change in the constitution of the 
company has now been made, which promises at last to give a turn to the fortunes of 
this enterprise. The business of the company has been amalgamated with that of the 
Messrs. Russell and Co. , of the Sydney foundry. The partners of the latter estab- 
lishment undertake the practical management for five years, and it is reasonable to 
expect that the same skill and practical knowledge that has made the Sydney foundry 
the largest and most prosperous establishment of the kind in the southern hemisphere 
will turn the Fitzroy iron mine into a great success. The Great Southern railway is to be 
open to Fitzroy in October, and will be open to Marulan not long afterwards, and 
the capital of the amalgamated concern is to be increased by the issue of fresh shares 
to the public. With the three requisites of facile transit, ample capital, and skilful 
management combined, all the hindrances that have hitherto obstructed the enterprise 
will disappear, and all the elements of success will be present. It seems, therefore, 
not unreasonable to anticipate that the long continuance of disappointment is about to 
terminate, and that a new chapter in the history of the enterprise is about to be 
unfolded. The intrinsic capabilities of the property are very great. The estate con- 
sists of 1600 acres of land, intersected by the Main Southern road. The iron is all on 
one side of the road, the coal is all on the other. The depth of the deposit of iron ore 
has not been definitely determined, but it has been probed as far as thirty feet without 
reaching the limit. The exact boundaries of the deposit are not yet known, but 
enough ore has already been disclosed to last for a very long time ; and, from the surface 
indications cropping out at different places, the ore is believed to be very widely 
spread. There are four seems of coal on the property, the chief of which is anthra- 
cite, the others partaking more of a bituminous character. Mr. John Mackenzie, the 
late examiner for the Southern coal fields, has been engaged to give a report on the 
mineral capacities of the property, and his account will have a professional value that 
will give it weight. A large blast furnace is now in operation. Many hundred tons 
of pig-iron have been produced, and several large castings have been made. Most of 
the machinery now being erected has been manufactured on the premises. Two 
puddling furnaces are built, and two more are in the course of construction, and the 
rolling mills have been re-built on solid foundations, and a larger supply of steam 
power has been provided for them. Very little as yet has been done in the way of 
turning the cast iron into wrought iron. Some years ago it was done on a small scale. 
b b 



402 



The Xew South Wales Gazetteer. 



Some ore was reduced in a cupola furnace, and puddled, and sent to Sydney as bar 
iron, where it was worked up by the Messrs. Russell into anchors and other articles, 
and sent to the Paris Exhibition. In England, the puddling is done with bitu- 
minous coal, but in Pennsylvania nothing is used but anthracite. No serious 
difficulty is anticipated in the way of puddling the Eitzroy iron, the superior quality 
of which makes it specially easy to work. The variety of coal seams on the property, 
and the still greater variety of coal seams in the neighbourhood, together with the 
abundanca of wood, seem to offer all the facilities in the way of fuel that 
desired. At the same time, the best mode of carrying out the puddling 
can be operations with the fuel available has yet to be determined. The coal is 
at present brought a distance of 2^ miles by a small tramway carried round 
the face of the mountain to a point where the seam is attacked by a tunnel. 
A shaft, however, is being struck close to the works, which is expected to strike the 
coal at about 600 feet, and which has already been carried down more than 200 feet. 
There is an abundance of excellent fire clay on the ground, and the fire bricks made 
from it have been found to stand the heat better than any imported ones. There is 
also common clay, which yields a fair quality of common brick, abundance of sand- 
stone for building, and plenty of water and timber. There is also a stratum of the 
finest quality of pipe clay, suited to the manufacture of china, so that some day there 
may be an extensive pottery at this place. The one thing wanting is lime, and this 
is not found in any quantity nearer than Marulan. The company has secured 40 
acres of land there, containing excellent mountain limestone, but at present it all has 
to be carted by drays. When the railway is extended to that place, however, this 
expense will be reduced, and the lime will be delivered much more cheaply. The 
railway station is on the company's ground, and a short branch line can be easily 
constructed to the site of the works. Looking to the great advantage that it will be 
to the country to have a large iron manufactory, it is to be hoped that the new 
arrangement for working the Fitzroy iron property may fully realise the sanguine 
expectations of all concerned. Protection, of course, is out of the question — nor can 
the government, though it may be a large customer for iron, give any special favour 
to local producers. The Fitzro}' proprietors must compete fairly with the whole 
world. But they have special facilities for doing so. If they succeed, they will 
confer a national benefit, and will well deserve all the. private gain they may secure. " 

NATTAI RIVER. [Co. Camden) is a fine stream, rising near Berrima, and 
flowing in a K direction into the Wollondilly river at Burragorang. The town of 
Nattai lies near the banks of this river. It is fed by the Jellore river. Sandstone 
and Wianamatta shales. 

NATTUE STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Peter, John; area, 44,800 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is BooligaL 
Charges, £34 

NATIVE DOG CREEK [Co. Buccleugh) is a small W. tributary of the Goodra- 
digbee creek, flowing through good pastoral country (the Yass plains) about 6 miles 
in a N.E. direction. Metamorphic shale and granite. 

NATIVE DOG CREEK (Co. Clarendon, Lachlan district), a small N. tributary 
of the Murrumbidgee river, flowing from the N.W. of Gundagai, about 8 miles S.W. 
Granite and slate. 

NATIVE DOG CREEK {Co. Gordon) is a W. tributary of the Bell river. 
Slate and granite. 

NATIVE DOG CREEK ( Co. Goulburn) is a small E. tributary of the Woomar- 
garma creek. It rises near the village of Woomargarma, and flows N.W. through 
pastoral country. The geological formation of its course is chiefly mica schist, with 
outcropping granite, quartz, and whinstone. 

NATIVE DOG CREEK {Co. Wellesley) is a small tributary of the upper part 
of the Cambalong creek. Trap rock and gold-bearing slate. 

NATIVE DOG CREEK {Co. Westmoreland) is a small E. tributary of the Stony 
creek. There are small alluvial gold diggings on this creek, about 8 miles W. of 
Oberon. Palaeozoic. 

NATIVE DOG CREEK STATION {Lachlan district); occupier, Wood, John B.; 



Nat — Nel] The Sew South Wales Gazetteer. 403 



area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. The old charges were £38 
2s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £28. 

NATIVE DOG FLAT (Co. Welleshy) is a piece of bold undulating land, near the 
head of the Native Dog creek, and to the N. of Undore heights. It lies about 18 miles 
N. of Bombala, and consists of good open forest grazing country. Upper volcanic. 

NATIVE DOG FLAT STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Rankin, Angus ; 
area, 6400 acres ; grazing capability, 2500 sheep. Charges, £110. 

NAVERNA (or Neliomby) STATION (Wdrrego district); occupier, Eales, 
John ; area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £80 ; recently- 
appraised rental, £200. 

NEALE'S WATER HOLES {Co. Bathurst) is a small creek, or series of lagoons, 
flowino- only in wet weather, from near the township of Vittoria, into the head of the 
Belubula river, in the King's Plain gold fields. The geological formation is lower 
palaeozoic. 

NEEBEL STATION (Blicjh district) ; occupier, Robertson, Robert; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

NEEDLE CREEK {Co. Wellesley) is a small W. tributary of the Cambalong 
creek. Granite and trap rock. 

NEEDLES ( Co. WeUesley) is a range of peaks on the W. bank of the Comalong 
creek, and lying about 10 miles W.N. W. of Bombala. Basalt. 

NEIMUR CREEK (or River) (Murrtimbidgee district) is a large tributary 
stream of the Wakool river, draining the flat pastoral land which lies in the counties 
of Wakool and Townsend, between the Wakool and Edward rivers. It is fed by the 
Cochrane and Yarran creeks, and joins the Wakool near its fall into the Edward river. 
Granite and slaty shale. 

NELBOTHERY ( Co. WeUesley) is a small diggings, lying on the Delegete river, 
to the N. of the Delegete plains, and about 14 miles S.W. of Bombala. Metamorphie 
slate and basalt. 

NELIA GAARI STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Duffield, Walter ; area, 
48,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. 
Charges, £30. 

NELIP0 (or Grand) JUNCTION STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, 
Fletcher, Dugald ; area, 28,800 acres ; grazing capability, 5500 sheep. Charges, £250. 

NELLIG;EN, 35" 36' S. lat, 150° 7' E. long. (Co. St. Vincent), is a seaport and 
postal township, lying on the S. bank of the estuary of the Clyde river, the Nelligen 
creek flowing past E. and W. at a distance of 300 yards, and the Kymenallows creek 
lying at a distance of § of a mile. Curanwong creek crosses the Clyde road at a 
distance of 8 miles, and the Curanwong hotel lies 12 miles distant on that road. The 
only mountain of any height in the neighbourhood is the Sugar Loaf, distant from 
Nelligen 20 miles. The district is an agricultural, pastoral, and mining one, the 
Kymenallows alluvial diggings lying 1 mile distant from the township. At Bucken- 
boro, 4 miles S.E., is a water power saw mill (Guy's), and in the neighbourhood is a 
steam bark grinding mill (Manning's). Up the Clyde river, 6 miles distant, is a steam 
saw mill (Soulby's), a screw bark pressing machine (Street's), and a coach manufactory 
(Guy's). The nearest towns are Moruya, 28 miles S. ; Braidwood, 35 miles N. W. ; 
and Araluen, 30 miles S. W. With the latter places there is communication by 2-horse 
coach twice a week, and with the former by horse only. With Sj^dney, 183 miles N, 
the communication is by steamer twice a week, from the wharf at Manning's shed, 
or by coach, via Boaidwood to Picton, and thence by rail. There is 1 hotel inNelliger., 
the Steam Packet (Guy's), a coach office, a carrying office for drays to the interior, 
and the Illawarra Steam Navigation company's stores and offices. Nelligen is in the 
parish of Nelligen, electoral district of Eden, and police district of Broulee. The 
surrounding neighbourhood is mountainous, and the geological formation ferruginous 
sandstone, with outcropping quartz. The population numbers about 150 persons. 
Nelligen has a post office, a police station, and a National school. 

NELLIGEN CREEK (Co. St. Vincent) is a small creek, rising near Monga, and 
flowing W. into the Clyde river at Nelligen. Sandstone, slate, and quartz. 



404 



The JVeio South Wales Gazetteer. [Nel — Nep 



NELSON BAY (Co. Cumberland) is a rocky bight in the coast, lying about 5 
miles S. of the entrance to Port Jackson. Sandstone. 

NELSON BAY {Co. Gloucester) is an anchorage of Port Stephens, convenient 
for vessels wind and weather bound. Coasters frequently take shelter in it during 
foul winds or bad weather, and it is also much frequented by whalers, being a convenient 
place to refit, and to procure wood and water ; of the latter, eight or ten tons may be 
collected in a day. Anchorage in from 6 to 4 fathoms out of the tide stream, off the 
centre of the beach, and abreast of a remarkable black stemmed tree, with the sum- 
mit of Yacaaba shut into the S. of Fly point, so as to be within the range of the tide 
ripplings and eddies. 

NELSON ( Co. Cumberland), one of the original districts of the county ; bounded 
on the S.E. side by the S.E. boundary of the addition to Nelson's common ; on the 
N. side by Cattai creek ; on the N.W. side by the Hawkesbury river and South creek 
to the bridge ; and on the S. W. side by the Windsor road. 

NELSONGLASE CREEK (Co. King) is a small tributary of the Yass river, 
rising in the S.W. slope of mount Chaton, and flowing S.W. about 6 miles. Meta- 
morphic slate and limestone. 

NELSON'S PLAINS {Co. Durham) is an agricultural settlement at the confluence 
of the Hunter and Williams rivers, near Raymond Terrace. 

NELSON STATION {Wellington district)', occupiers, Pitt and Sullivan ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £10. 

NELSON, UPPER {Co. Cumberland), one of the original districts of the 
county ; bounded on the N.W. side by the addition to Nelson common ; on the S.W. 
by the Windsor road to Hartley's farm, and by Hillas' and Edwards' farms to Cattle 
hill district line, and by that district ; and on the N. by a direct line from the N. 
corner of that allotment, to the N.E. corner of the Nelson common grant, on Cattai 
creek. 

NEMXNGrO STATION (Liverpool 'plains district) ; occupier, Cook, S. W. ; area, 
20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 900 head of cattle. Charges, £40. 

NEMUR CREEK (Co. Gowen, Bligh district) is the N. tributary, or head of the 
Gallagambroon creek. Tertiary. 

NEMUR MOUNT ( Co. Gowen) is a peak of the Warrabungle range, lying at the 
head of the Wallamburrawong creek. Granite and schist. 

NEO, W., STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Lord, G. W. ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 5s. 

NEPEAN electoral district embraces an E. portion of the county of Cook, and 
a W. portion of the county of Cumberland ; and is bounded on the N. from Eastern 
creek, by the Black Town road to Rickaby's creek, thence by a line bearing N .W. to 
the confluence of the river Grose with the Nepean, and by the river Grose to mount 
Hay ; thence on the W. by a line bearing S.W., to the Weatherboard hut ; and 
thence by Jamison's valley creek to a point 4 miles N. from Cox's river ; thence on 
the S. by a line bearing E. to the range forming the N. watershed of Cox's river, and 
by that range and the range forming the N. watershed of the Warragamba river, to 
the confluence of that river with the Nepean, by the Nepean river, upward, to Brin- 
gelly creek, by that creek to the Bringelly road, and by that road, E. , to South creek ; 
and on the E. by South creek, downward, to the Orphan School road, by that road, 
E., to the old Cowpasture road, by that road, N., by the W. boundary of the parish 
of St. Luke, N., and the S. boundary of the parish of Prospect, W., to Eastern 
creek, and by that creek, downward, to the Black Town road, aforesaid. This 
electorate comprises the town of Penrith, and returns 1 member to the Legislative 
Assembly, the present representative being J. T. Ryan, Esq. The number of registered 
electors in this district is 1203, of whom 754 voted at the last general election, 1864- 
1865. 

NEPEAN (or Cowpasture) RIVER (Co. Camden) is a fine stream, rising a 
few miles N. of Berrima, and flowing in a N. direction through a fine agricultural 
district into the Hawkesbury river between Penrith and Richmond, or at the con- 
fluence of the Grose river. The Nepean is, in fact, only another name for the upper 
end of the Hawkesbury. It is fed by numerous tributary streams, the principal of 



Nep — Ner] 



405 



which are the Wattle, Mount Hunter, Stonequarry, and Myrtle creeks ; and the 
Warragamba, Bargo, Cordeaux, and Cataract rivers. The Nepean flows past the 
townships of Picton, Riversford, and Camden. Sandstone and schist. 

NEFOKALENA (or Combadella) STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, 
Eales, John; area, 32,000 acres; grazing capability, 1120 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £70 ; the recently appraised rental is £180. 

NE&AMBELLA (or Dunn's Plains) (Co. Bathurst) is the name applied to a 
tract of good pastoral land, lying about 2 miles W. of Rockley, on the Pepper (or 
Piper's) creek. Granite. 

NERIBOKE STATION (Bligh district) ; occupiers, Chave, F., and Smith, W. ; 
area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

NEEOBXNGrABLA CREEK {Co. Brisbane) is the W. head of the Guangua 
creek. Sandstone. 

NERRIGA, 35° 6' S. lat., 150° 8' E. long. (Co. St. Vincent), is a postal township, 
in the parish of Nerriga, and electoral and police districts of Braidwood. It is situated 
about 2 miles S.W. of the Endrick river, in an agricultural and pastoral neighbour- 
hood. There is 1 fiour mill in the town, and gold mining is carried on to some extent 
on the Shoalhaven river, about 10 miles W. Braidwood lies 35 miles S.W., and 
Nowra 45 miles N. E. , Nerriga being on the road between the two places, with which 
there is communication by horse only. With Sydney, 217 miles N. N.E., the commu- 
nication is from Nowra by steamer, or by coach from Braidwood to Picton, and thence 
-by rail. Nerriga has a post office, and 1 hotel, the Cricketers' arms. The surround- 
ing country consists of wild and rugged mountainous country, heavily timbered and 
thickly scrubbed. The geological formation of the ranges consists mainly of slate 
and granite, rich in quartz reefs. The population of Nerriga and the neighbourhood 
numbers about 150 persons. 

NERRIGUNDAH (or Gulf Diggings) 36° 8 r S. lat, 149° 51' E. long. [Co. 
Dampler), is a postal township, in the electoral district of Eden, and police district 
of Broulee. It is situated on the Gulf creek, a tributary of the Tuross river, that 
river and the Bombo creek, both flowing in the neighbourhood. Gold mining, alluvial 
and quartz, is largely carried on in the district, extending N. to Bombo creek, 16 miles 
from the town ; and S. 8 miles along the confines of Gulf creek, 24 miles to the Drome- 
dary mountain ; to Cadgee S., Belimballo S.W., and Belourie W., a distance of 30 
miles. There is a quartz reef (Casey's) near Wogonga being successfully worked, and 
there is every probability of extensive works of the same character in the course of a 
short time, as the quartz in the neighbourhood has a highly auriferous character. The 
nearest towns to JN errigundah are Moruya, 30 miles N. E. , on the main road to Bate- 
man's bay ; Wogonga (or Clyde river) 16 miles E. ; and Bodalla, 15 miles N.E. With 
these places the communication is by dray or by pack or saddle horse, the mail being 
carried twice a week on horseback. With Sydney, 226 miles N. N.E. , the commuuni- 
cation is by dray or horse to the Tuross river, at a point 16 miles from Nerrigundah, 
•and thence by steamer, or by small coasting vessels from Wogonga. There is a post 
and money order office, a court of petty sessions, and 4 hotels, the Criterion, Diggers' 
Retreat, Free Selection, and Australian. There is a Roman catholic and a Presbyterian 
church in the township, and 2 cemeteries in the vicinity. The surrounding country 
is generally mountainous, the ranges running N. and S. , and very well timbered, parti- 
cularly towards Wogonga. Agricultural and pastoral pursuits are extensively followed 
towards Urobodalla, 7 miles, and Bodalla, a considerable quantity of available land 
being taken up und the free selection clauses of the Land Act, and most of the set- 
tlers doing well. The township of Nerrigundah lies at an elevation of 200 feet above 
the level of the sea, and is built in a long, narrow valley, shut in on every side by 
high and steep ranges. The climate is remarkably mild and healthy, and the air 
pure and salubrious. The geological formation is micaceous slate, with small patches 
of hornblendic granite. The population numbers 500 persons, the number of dwel- 
lings being 150. The population of the entire gold field is about 2000, of which 800 
.are employed in gold mining. The quantity of gold received by escort from the Ner- 
rigundah gold fields during the year 1864 was 7464 ounces, which, at £4 Is. 7d. per 
ounce, was of total value of £30,449 2s. 

NERRIMUNG0 CREEK {Co. ArgyU) is a W. tributary of the Shoalhaven 



406 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Net — New 



river, formed by the confluence of the Yarralaw and Windellama creeks. Limestone, 
abounding in calcareous spar. See Jerrara Creek. 

NETALLIE OUTER STATION [Albert district) ; occupier, Crozier, John ; 
area, 51,200 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

NETALLIE STATION {Albert district); occupier. McRae, Donald ; area, 
51,200 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £85. 

LETTERING CREEK {Co. Northumberland) is a small watercourse, failing 
into the Jillaby- Jillaby creek, on its W. bank. Sandstone. 

NETTLE CREEK {Co. Richmond) is a small N. tributary of the Clarence 
river, flowing through country suitable for agricultural pursuits. Carbonaceous- 
sandstone. 

NEUGALI STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Blackmail, John ; area,. 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £10 ; new appraisement, 
£210. 

NEUTRAL HARBOUR (Co. Cumberland) is a narrow bay on the N. shore of 
port Jackson, lying opposite to Sydney. It lies to the W. of Kurraba point. Sand- 
stone. 

NEYERTIRE PLAINS, BACK OF, STATION ( Wellington district) • occu- 
piers, Donald and Baird ; area, 25,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. 
Charges, £33 10s. 

NEVERTIRE STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Ryrie and Alex- 
ander ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £60 10s. 

NEVILLE MOUNT {Co. Richmond) is a high hill, lying about 8 miles N.W. 
of the township of Gordon, and on the E. side of the road from Grafton to Tabularm 
Carboniferous sandstone. 

NEWBOLD GRANGE STATION {Clarence district) ; occupier, Walker, C. 
J. ; area, 28,800 acres ; grazing capability, 1120 head of cattle. Charges, £53. 

NEW BUNDILL A STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, M'Lean, John Donald - y 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

NEWCASTLE (or Kingstowis) (native name, Mulubixda), 32° 57' S. lat., 151° 
47' E. long. {Co. Northumberland), is an episcopal city and free seaport town, and 
under the name of the diocese of Newcastle. It is in the parish of Newcastle, and 
police district of Newcastle, and forms, with its suburbs, an electoral district of itself. 
Newcastle is the second port in the colony ; it is situated on the right or S. bank of 
the Hunter river, at its outlet into the sea, that river having a tidal rise and fall of 
about 5 feet at the wharf. 7 miles to the S. lies lake Macquarie, and 20 miles to the 
N. is port Stephens. The district in which Newcastle is situated is especially a coal, 
mining one, the principal mines in the neighbourhood being those of Lambton, Borehole, 
Wallsend, and Minmi, the latter not at present working to their full extent, in con- 
sequence of the water having broken into the pits. In the neighbourhood of New- 
castle agriculture is carried on to a considerable extent, large quantities of maize, 
barley, and lucerne being grown, the land along the river banks being especially pro- 
ductive. There is 1 steam flour mill, not at present in operation. The nearest places 
are Stockton, separated from Newcastle by the river, and bearing N. ; Borehole, a 
mining village, 2 miles W. ; Waratah and Lambton, 4 miles W. ; Wallsend, 8 miles ; 
W. ; and Hexham and Minmi, 10 miles W. ; and Maitland, 18 miles W. All these 
places are counected with the city by the Great Northern railway. With Sydney, 75 
miles S., the communication is by daily steamer. Newcastle was formerly called 
Kingstown, and the river Hunter originally known as Coal river, by which name it is- 
called in all old records of the colony. At the mouth of the river, and in the fairway 
of vessels, stood an island, known as Coal island, or as Nobby's (from the soubriquet 
of a convict who once resided upon it). This island is, however, now connected with 
the mainland by a strongly-constructed breakwater, which not only tends to keep the- 
channel of the river deeper by narrowing it, and thus increasing the scour, but also 
shelters the harbour from the S.E. gales which sometimes blow with great fierceness. 
There is a lighthouse at Newcastle (see Nobby's), and a flagstaff on the cliff, to the S. 
of the entrance, the signals used at the bar harbour, on the E. coast, having at New- 
castle been almost suspended by Marryatt's code, with the exception of the tidal sig- 



New] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 407 



nals, which are hoisted at the topmast head, and not at the yard-arm, as formerly. 
Those signals are flood tide, a black ball above 2 flags ; ebb tide 2 balls above 1 flag. 
A time-ball and gun give the true time at one o'clock each day, and a pilot service is 
established for the assistance of vessels arriving. The port, although inferior in natu- 
ral advantages to port Stephens, has monopolised the whole of the trade of the Hunter 
district, as well as that of the pastoral country beyond, and the railway from New- 
castle to the X. interior has tended to consolidate and confirm that supremacy. Ac- 
cording to the last statistics, the number of vessels entered inwards at Newcastle dur- 
ing the year was as follows : — British vessels, with cargo, 45, with a tonnage 
of 12,662 tons, and crews amounting to 451 men ; British vessels, in ballast, 
414, representing a tonnage of 95,539, and crews amounting to 3716 men ; 
foreign vessels, with cargo, 3, carrying 2557 tons, and having 49 men ; and in 
ballast, 24, representing 10,779 tons, and crews of 33 men. The number of vessels 
cleared during the year was : — British, with cargo, 624, with 148,964 tons 
(chiefly coal), and crews of 5760 men ; in ballast, none ; foreign, with cargo, 48, carrying 
21,483 tons (chiefly coal), and crews of 631 men; in ballast, none. Ships of large 
tonnage can lie at anchor in the harbour in all weathers, and load safely in mid- 
channel to a depth of 20 feet, and at the wharf to a depth of 17 feet 6 inches. The 
course of the stream is, however, tortuous, and much impeded by sandbanks, parti- 
cularly at the mouth of the river, where is a dangerous sandspit, with a shifting tail. 
Newcastle has a good public hospital, erected in a healthy and airy situation on 
elevated ground to the S. of the city, supported by private subscriptions and a 
government grant. There is a post and money order office, a telegraph station, and 
a fine capacious railway terminus near the steamers' wharf, which is strongly con- 
structed and roomy. The coal pits in the neighbourhood are connected with the coal 
shoots, either by the railway or by tramways, of which the largest runs from the 
Borehole pits, a distance of 2 miles, passing over the main road leading from New- 
castle to Maitland (at the upper end of the city), by means of a weU built stone 
viaduct. There is a good roomy court house, where the petty sessions and district 
courts are held. The hotels are numerous, and generally well kept, the principal are 
the Caledonia, Albion, Burwood, Ship, Prince of Wales, Steam Packet, Atistralasian, 
Miners' Arms, Shipwrights' Arms, Metropolitan, Eailway, Market Wharf, Post Office, 
Bricklayers' Arms, Junction, Cottage of Content, Bowe's, Tattersall's, Star, Commer- 
cial, and Bank. There is a pretty little theatre in the city, which is, however, only 
occasionally open. The newspapers are two in number, and are the Chronicle and the 
Telegraph. Newcastle has a Masonic lodge (Marine lodge, 763, E.G.), and an Odd- 
fellows' lodge (Loyal Union lodge). Newcastle has branches of the Australasian, 
City, Savings, New South Wales, and Australian Joint Stock Banks, and of Smyth's 
Sydney Marine, European, Imperial, Pacific, Victoria, Australian General, Colonial, 
United, Sydney, Northern, Liverpool and London and Globe, and Australian Mutual 
Provident Insurance companies. Newcastle is under the control of a municipal coun- 
cil, consisting of a mayor and corporation, who have the control of the roads and 
streets within the municipality. Until very recently the streets of Newcastle were 
rough, uneven, badly paved, and almost buried in sand. They are, however, 
being rapidly improved, and lighting with gas extended all over the city. 
Newcastle municipality was proclaimed 7th June, 1859. The estimated annual value 
of rateable property within it is £45,470, from which (including Government aid) 
it derived in 1864 an income of £3530 18s. 8d. Its expenditure during that year was 
£4061 13s. 3d. The extent of its roads and streets is 14 miles, and the number of 
registered electors 1015. The surrounding country is undulating and well-timbered. 
The city is mainly built on a ridge of land, abrupt on the E. , or sea side, and sloping 
towards the river. On an extensive Hat, separating this ridge from the Burwood and 
V aratah ranges, there is a large population, engaged in mining in the collieries of 
the Australian Agricultural and other companies. Eleven seams of coal, varying in 
thickness from 5 to 12 feet, are worked in the district, and the shipment of coal 
exceeds, at the present time, over 1000 tons per day. The carboniferous formation only 
is seen at Newcastle ; the sandstone is used for building purposes, and the coal clays 
make good bricks, tiles, and pottery. The population numbers about 10,000 persons. 
PreA'ious to the year 1845 there was only one coal pit and one coal shoot at Newcastle, 
and these were deemed quite sufficient to supply Sydney and the few coasting steamers 
then running to port Jackson. It was not until 1849 that the item of coals was con- 
sidered of sufficient importance to have a place assigned to it in the annual statistics 



408 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



[New 



of the colony. It was shown that In that year 6 mines had been worked, producing 
48,416^ tons of coal, of the declared value of £14,647. Prior to that date, the Aus- 
tralian Agricultural company had given up the monopoly of coal mining (irregularly 
granted them by the Earl of Bathurst in 1824), and extensive operations had been 
commenced on the rich and extensive seams of Burwood hills. The following is a 
list of the mines, and the quantities and values of the coal produced during the year 
1864 : Australian Agricultural company (Borehole), 109,761, of the value of £54,880 ; 
Hartley collieries (lake Macquarie), 1200 tons, value £840 ; Melbourne and Newcastle 
Minmi company, 66,400 tons, value £33,200; Cardiff mine (lake Macquarie), 4000 
tons, value £2800 ; Newcastle Coal and Copper Mining company, 9846 tons, value 
£4442; Waratah company, 55,672 tons, value £27,836 ; Burwood, 15,890 tons, value 
£6990; Wallsend company, 144,000 tons, value £70,000; Lambton, 59,967 tons, 
value £29,973. Newcastle is situated on the right and S. bank of the Hunter river, 
mainly on a rocky ridge, one side of which is parallel with, and slopes towards the 
river, ending in a high bluff, from whence the breakwater connects Nobby's island 
with the mainland. This island, a few years ago, before it was j>artly demolished 
for the erection of the lighthouse, was a picturesque feature, and formed, as it 
were, a geological title and frontispiece, in which could be seen and read off 
much of the character of the formation of the district. A bed, 60 feet wide, 
of a very coarse conglomerate, formed the cap of Nobby's, and covered the 
level beds of coal which were visible in sections all round the island. This coarse 
drift testified to the power of the denuding force which had swept away the 1000 
feet of sandstone beds which are seen to cover these coal seams along the coast to the 
S., and laid the coal bare here at Newcastle, to be of easy access for the operations 
of the miner. A dyke, running N. and S. , cuts through Nobby's island, and a very 
good example of a trap dyke can be seen rising up from the sea, like steps of stairs, 
into the precipitous cliff of the Flagstaff hill. There are 11 different seams of coal 
worked in the district, and these are separated by beds of shale and sandstone, 
varying from tens of feet to hundreds of feet in thickness, the nature of which can 
be studied in the various natural sections, resulting from upheavals and depressions 
subsequent to the deposit of the coal measure, and which have formed the picturesque 
scenery visible from the heights and promenades of the town. A short distance from 
Newcastle, to the N., at Port Stephens, the whole of the coal beds have been thrown 
off, and a beautiful rosy porphyry rises to the surface. There appears to have been 
little violent disturbance during the immense time required for the formation of these 
coal seams. The beds of coal and sandstone succeed each other with remarkable 
regularity, and the disturbances which have given the present features to the country 
must have occurred at a comparatively recent geological epoch. The coal measures 
are rich in remarkable flora and fauna, as may be seen in the Sydney Museum, in the 
private collection of the Rev. W. B. Clarke, and that of the examiner of coal fields 
at Newcastle. The glossopteris (or tongue fern), and stems of the vertebraria, are 
found from the highest to the lowest beds of the coal. Visitors to Newcastle may 
find interesting and healthy amusement in exploring, hammer in hand, the shales of 
the flagstaff hill, both on the side of the river and the seaboard, and will be rewarded 
by interesting specimens in fossil flora — ferns and flowers — characteristic of the, Aus- 
tralian coal measures, and the upper seams of coal. The lower seams are divided by 
deposits of very variable, but great thickness, containing abundance of palaeozoic 
fossils, and these may be obtained in a day's excursion up the river to the well 
known quarries of Raymond Terrace. Bellerophon, crinoidea, and other marine 
remains, which would appear to make the deposit a representative of the mountain 
limestone, are to be found below the ninth working seam. In the seams below this 
spirifer, conularia, fenestella, stellaria, orthoceras ; and, in the flora, cyclopteris and 
lepidodendron appear ; whilst, in the lowest fossiliferous rocks, chcetetes clarkii, 
trilobitide, and favosites abound. Although marine fossil remains are rare in the 
shales dividing the upper seams, a fine specimen of a heterocercal fish was found in 
the workings of the Australian Agricultural company's B pit, over what is known as 
the yard seam, and which can be seen on the coast at the sea level, at the base of the 
Flagstaff hill. The entire succession, as above noted, may be found in the Hunter 
river district, and the collection of the examiner of coal fields, which is always 
accessible to visitors, amply illustrate what we have described. The existence of 
seams of brown cannel (or petroleum coal) has deservedly excited much attention 
lately. Hartley has been the chief place of exploration ; but this coal has been 



New] 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



409 



found at Colley creek, Liverpool plains, 220 miles N. from Sydney ; and in the valley 
of Burragorang, 70 miles S.W. from Sydney, where it evidently belongs to the lowest 
coal measures under the beds of conularia, f enestella, spinifer, orthoceras, &c. , and, 
there is no doubt, its geological position being known, that it will be found exten- 
sively in the localities of the outcrops of these lower rocks. A dyke of iron ore, as 
though the metal had been poured into the crevice in a molten state, is to be seen on 
the coast, and the ordinary iron ores of the coal measures, hydrates and carbonates, 
exist in abundance ; whilst carboniferous limestones are quarried at Dungog, and on 
the Williams river ; at Paterson, near the Paterson river ; near Scone, on the Page 
river. Limestone crops out at the base of the Sugar Loaf range, and is found in 
many places in lumps of coralline amongst the palasozoic fossils. The mineral 
resources of the district may be looked upon as inexhaustible, and the facilities at 
present available at Newcastle alone, permit the easy shipment of 3000 to 4000 tons 
of coal per day. The extraction of coal has doubled in the last 5 years, and 
amounted in 1864 to half a million of tons. In five years more this will probably be 
•again doubled, for New South Wales is the great coal field for the supply of the 
southern hemisphere. 

The Newcastle electoral district embraces the city of Newcastle, and is bounded 
on the N. from Nobby island by the waters of port Hunter to Throsby's creek, by 
Throsby's creek to the creek which joins it opposite the S. end of Bullock island, and 
by that creek to the bridge which crosses it in Blane-street ; thence by the N. side of 
Blane - street W., and the N. side of Charlton-street W. , to a point 16 chains W. 
from the bridge ; thence on part of the W. by a line bearing S. 27° W., 11 chains ; 
.on part of the S. by a line bearing E. 27° S. , 42 chains ; again on the W. by a line 
bearing S 27° W., 56 chains ; again on the S. by a line bearing E. 27° S. to the sea ; 
and on the E. by the sea to Nobby island aforesaid. This electorate comprises the 
city of Newcastle, and returns 1 member to the Legislative Assembly, the present 
representative being J. Hannell, Esq. The number of registered electors in this dis- 
trict is 996, of whom 696 voted at the last general election, 1864-1865. 

Newcastle is a police district, embracing the N.E. portion of the county of Nor- 
thumberland, and a S. portion of the county of Gloucester, and bounded on the N. 
from a point on the seashore in a line with the N. boundary of J. Smith's 640 acres, 
by that line, Smith's .N. boundary line, the S. boundary of Kenneth Snodgrass' 1120 
acres, and the E. boundary of W. Russell's 1155 acres to Fullerton cove, by Fullerton 
cove and the river Hunter to the S.E. corner of the parish of Alnwick, and. by the S. 
boundary of that parish to a point in a line with the W. boundary of Francis Moran's 
2460 acres grant ; thence on the W. by a line bearing S.W. to the Sugar Loaf moun- 
tain, and by the Sugar Loaf range to the source of Dora creek ; on the S. by Dora 
creek and a line E. from its mouth, through lake Macquarie to the sea, at Reid's 
Mistake ; and on the E. by the sea to a point in a line with Smith's N. boundary line 
.aforesaid. The place of petty sessions is Newcastle. 

NEWCASTLE {Co. Northumberland) is an incorporated district, comprising 
112,028 acres. It embraces the N.E. portion of the county of Northumberland. It 
is under the control of a council, consisting of 7 members, the warden included. 

HEW ENGLAND, electoral district, embraces the S. portion of the pastoral 
district of New England ; and is bounded on the N. by the range forming the S. 
watershead of the Clarence river W. , to Ben Lomond, thence by the range dividing 
the waters of the Macintyre and Gwydir rivers, the range dividing the waters of Cope's 
creek and Tienga creek, and the N. watershed of the latter creek, to the confluence of 
that creek with the Bundarra or Gwydir river, and thence by that river, downward, 
to the W. boundary of the New England district, being the W. extreme of the table 
land ; on the W. by that boundary, S. , to the Great Dividing range, and by that 
range, S. , and the mount Royal range, to the source of the Manning river ; on the S. 
by the Manning river, to its confluence with the Barnard river ; and on the E. by a 
line thence, N. E. , to mount Sea View, by a line thence, N. , to mount Werrikimbe, 
and by a line thence, N. by compass, to the range forming the S. watershed of the 
Clarence river, aforesaid. This electorate comprises the police district of Armidale, 
and returns one member to the Legislative Assembly, the present representative being 
T. Cooper, Esq. The number of registered electors in this district is 1711, of whom 
1041 voted at the last general election, 1S64-1865. 

NEW ENGLAND is the name of a pastoral district in a vast tract of grazing 



410 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



country, discovered by Oxley in his second expedition, in 1818. It lies in the N.E. 
part of the colony, and is traversed by the Great Dividing range. It forms an im* 
mense table land, at an elevation of about 3000 feet above sea level, and has an 
area of 13,100 square miles. The climate is mild, and much of the soil is well adapted 
for agriculture. The principal towns are Inverell, Tenterfield, Armidale, Bundarra, 
TJralla, Walcha, Wellingrove, Falconer, Maryland, Bendemeer, Glen Innes, and 
Moonbi. The number of freehold landholders in this district is 486, and of lease- 
holders, 102. The extent of land in cultivation is 10,777^ acres. Under wheat there 
are 7496A acres ; under maize, 121S§ acres ; under barley 45| acres ; under oats, 
245| acres; and under vine, 22 acres. Live stock : 8722 horses ; 171,093 head horned 
cattle; 894,691 sheep; and 2624 pigs. The geological formation is trap and granite, 
■with conglomerates and deposits of iron. 

NEW ENGLAND RANGE {New England district) is a portion of the main divid- 
ing chain, commencing at the N. boundary of the colony, and extending nearly as far 
S. as the 32nd parallel. Its character and elevation vaiy in different parts ; but its 
average height is about 3500 feet, and many of its branches or spurs are of equal altitude. 
The highest point is Ben Lomond, which is 5000 feet high. Many spurs branch off 
from the main chain both towards the E. and W. The E. spurs serve as watersheds 
to the streams flowing into the Pacific, and give to the coast district its varying and 
undulating surface. The principal of these spurs are Macpherson's, Macleay, Nun- 
dawar (or Hardwiek), Hastings, and Moonbi ranges. Sandstone. 

NEWFOUNDLAND, OUTER, No. 1 STATION {A Ibert district); occupier, Jeffrey, 
Julius ; area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £30 ; new 
appraisement, i'45. 

NEWFOUNDLAND No. 1 STATION {Albert district); occupier, Jeffrey, 
Julius ; area, 22,400 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £35 ; new 
appraisement, £60. 

NEWFOUNDLAND, OUT, No. 2 STATION {Albert district); occupier, Jeffrey, 
Julius ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £31 ; new 
appraisement, £35. 

NEW FUEUG-H {Go. Durham) is a village reserve, having a pound, tying on 
the Northern road, 7 miles from Singleton. 

NEW GRADGERY STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Wood, George ; area, 
8000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31 10s. 

NEW GERALGAMBONE STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Davis, Alfred; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £32. 

NEWINDOC STATION (New England district) ; occupiers, Lawrie, J. Th. 
and Andrew ; area, 30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 10,000 sheep. Charges, £74 5s. 

NEWINGTON ( Co. Cumberland) is a small hamlet, in the parish of St. John, 
and hundred of Parramatta. The estate of Newington, comprising an area of about 
1700 acres, was originally granted in perpetuity to Mr. Blaxland, on condition of his 
supplying the then convict establishment at Sydney with salt. Although the obliga- 
tion has lapsed, the works remain, a salt and lime works being still carried on. 
There is also a bone-crushing mill, and extensive abattoirs and salting down estab- 
lishment (Graham's.) Newington house is now leased by the Wesleyan body, and 
used by them as a collegiate institute, of which the Rev. Mr. Fletcher is principal. 

NEW KIRBAN STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, M'Guiggan, George ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

NEW MYREYALD STATION {Bligh district) ; occupiers, Christie and Went- 
worth ; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 
12s. 

NEWREA (Co. Gordon) is a small government township in the parish of Newrea, 
and electoral and police districts of Wellington. It is situated on the Bell river, on 
the Molong road, there being a bridge over the river at this spot. The district is 
pastoral and agricultural, most of the available land on the banks of the river and 
neighbouring creeks being taken up for agricultural purposes, under the Free Selection 
Act. The nearest places are Black Rock and Wellington, with which there is com- 
munication by mail coach. With Sydney, 210 miles E., the communication is by 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



411 



coach, via Mudgee to Penrith, and thence by rail. The surrounding country is. 
elevated, with extensive flats along the river bank, and the geological formation is 
slate, ferruginous sandstone, and limestone. There is 1 hotel, the Newrea, and a 
small and scattered rural population. 

NEWREA CREEK {Co. Gordon) is a W. tributary of the Bell river. Sand- 
stone and slaty shale. 

NEW SHEFFIELD {Co. Camden). See Nattai. 

NEW SOUTH WALES was the name originally given by the discoverer, 
Captain Cook, in 1770, to the whole of the E. part of the continent of Australia (or 
New Holland, as it was then called) , so far as was discovered by him, namely from 
point Hicks, a place a little S. of cape Howe, to Possession island, in the present colony 
of Queensland, and lying in about 10° 30' S. lat. ; and as New South Wales it was 
afterwards, namely on January 26th, 1788, taken possession of by Captain Arthur 
Phillip, in the name of his Britannic Majesty King George III., that captain (the first 
governor) anchoring in Botany bay with a small fleet, conveying 757 convicts, of 
whom 192 were women, and also a detachment of 200 soldiers. The fleet carried a number 
of horses, cattle, sheep, goats, and pigs, and plants or seeds of coffee, cocoa, cotton, 
banana, orange, lemon, guava, tamarind, prickly pear, rose apple, ipecacuhana, and 
jalap ; also fig-tree, sngar-cane, bamboo, Spanish reed, and various species of the 
vine, the apple, the pear, the quince, the strawberry, the oak, and the myrtle. 
-Finding, however, that the site, Botany bay, was not a suitable one for a settlement, 
in consequence of the barrenness of the country and the lack of fresh water, Captain 
Phillip shifted, and, sailing further N. in search of a more available spot, entered port 
Jackson, which was laid down on the chart as a boat inlet, and thus discovered one of 
the finest harbours in the world. Sailing up the harbour he chose the present site of 
Sydney, as the most likely for a settlement, being induced to do so by the fact of 
there being a stream of fresh pure water — "a fine stream of water flowing silently 
through a thick wood " — as he expressed it. This stream is now a filthy watercourse, 
conveying a considerable portion of the sewage of the city into the harbour. After 
the settlement of Sydney, numerous gentlemen, prompted by a spirit of adventure, 
penetrated in various directions into the interior, for the purpose of discovering avail- 
able country. The first of these were Sir Thomas Mitchell, Mr. Darwin, Messrs. 
Blaxland, Lawson, and Wentworth, and Mr. Evans, who penetrated in a W. direction, 
the latter discovering the Bathurst plains. They were followed by Mr. Oxley, who 
completed the discovery of the Blue Mountain range ; Sturt, who discovered the 
Darling river, and went as far as 30° 20' S. lat. , 145 u 30' E. long, upon it, and who 
also afterwards followed the course of the Murrumbidgee river to its confluence with 
the Murray, which river he explored to its embouchure into lake Alexandrina (S. 
Australia), discovering the junctions of the Lachlan and the Darling with it, in his. 
course ; Allan Cunningham, the botanist, (to whose memory a monument is erected 
in the botanical gardens, Sydney), who reached the sources of the Darling, and who 
was murdered by the blacks on the Bogan river ; Sir Thomas Mitchell, who in his 
second and third and fourth expeditions penetrated further than Sturt had done in a. 
W. direction, and who discovered the W. part of Australia Felix (now Victoria) ;. 
Ho veil and Hume, who explored the S. part of the colony, crossed the 
Murrumbidgee near its source, and journeyed overland to the present sites 
of Melbourne and Geelong ( Victoria ) ; Dr. Ludwig Leichhardt, who explored 
the N. as far as port Essington (Queensland) ; and Oxley, who, in his second 
journey, discovered the New England district. At this time (1848) New South 
Wales comprised all that portion of Australia lying to the S. of the 26° of S. lat., and 
to E. of the 141° of E. long., and contained an area of 500,000 square miles, or 
320,000,000 acres, having a coast line of 1500 miles, and a population of 196,704 per- 
sons. The first governor of the . colony was Captain Arthur Phillip, R.N., who ex- 
ercised vice-regal authority from January, 1788, to the latter end of 1792, and who 
was followed by Captains Grose and Paterson, until August, 1795, when Captain 
Hunter, P. N. , assumed the administration of affairs. His government lasted 5 years, 
and he was followed by Captain King, who in his turn was followed by Captain Bligh, 
of the ship Bounty notoriety. This governor was, however, after 18 months, deposed 
by the colonists, who resented his arbitrary rule, Lieutenants-colonel Johnstone and 
Foveaux remaining deputy governors until the arrival of Lieutenant-colonel (after- 



412 



The Xew South Wales Gazetteer. 



wards Major-general) Macquarie, in 1809, under whose governorship the Blue moun- 
tains were crossed for the first time, and the inland town of Bathurst founded. Great 
progress was made in colonial affairs at this time, and a protracted drought in 1813 
caused a search for new pasturage, which was the means of opening up much new 
country. Major-general Sir Thomas Brisbane, K.C.B., succeeded governor Macqua- 
rie, in 1821, and during his administration the liberty of the press was established. 
He was relieved, in 1825, by Lieutenant-general Darling, who remained governor 
until 1831, and was followed by Sir Richard Bourke, a wise and popular governor, and 
one to whose memory the grateful colonists erected a statue in the outer Domain, 
after his departure. He was followed by Sir George G-ipps, during whose adminis- 
tration the proceedings of the Legislative Council were first thrown open to the press 
and the public, and in October, 1839, it was announced that it had been determined 
by her Majesty's government to discontinue transportation to the colony. Early in 
1841 a large public meeting was held in Sydney for the purpose of adopting petitions 
to her Majesty and the British parliament, inlying for a concession to the colony of 
representative legislature. A census was taken in this year, which showed the popu- 
lation to number 130,856 persons. In January, 1843, Sir George Gipps received a 
despatch from the minister for the colonies, enclosing the Constitutional Act, 5 and 6 
Vict. C. 76, by which further provision was made for the government of the Austra- 
lian colonies. By this act a Legislative Council was constituted, partly elective, 
partly non-elective, electoral districts were constituted, and a tolerably liberal measure 
of self-government was conceded to the colonies. This act was proclaimed on the 5th 
of January, and took effect from that day, the general election taking place in June. 
In August the Council met for the despatch of business, Alexander Macleay being 
elected speaker, and Sir George Gipps opening the session in person. This, the 
first session, ended on the 28th December, in the same year. About this time 
the colony was much depressed on account of a monetary panic, and its 
financial and commercial position was a most critical one. Owing, however, 
to the judicious measures passed by the Council, and various alterations in the regu- 
lations relating to pastoral pursuits, the danger was avoided, and the colony reas- 
■sumed its healthy tone. In 1844, an enquiry into the advisability of separating the 
middle and southern (port Phillip) portions of the colony was instituted. Dr. (now 
Sir Charles) Nicholson, Mr. J. P. Robinson, Mr. T. Walker, and the Rev. Dr. Lang 
being examined on the question, and, in July, 1846, Sir George Gipps quitted the 
colony. He was succeeded by Sir Charles Augustus Fitzroy, in August in the same 
year, and a few months after his arrival a despatch was received from Mr. Gladstone, 
notifying to the Legislative Council the wish of her Majesty's government that the 
.renewal of the system of transportation should be favourably considered. This des- 
patch threw the colonists into the greatest state of indignant excitement ; and, on the 
11th June, 1849, the ship Hashemy having arrived at port Jackson on the 8th, with 
.212 male convicts on board, a great public meeting <was held on the Circular quay 
to indignantly protest against their landing, and after a severe struggle with the 
Governor and the Home authorities the regulation allowing transport ships to dis- 
charge their cargoes in New South Wales was rescinded. On the 1st June, 1851, that 
part of New South Wales then called Australia Felix, or port Phillip, lying between 
Cape Howe on the E. and the South Australian frontier on the W. , and bounded by 
the Murray river on the N. and N.E., and by a line drawn from Cape Howe to the 
head of that river was separated and became a colony of itself, under the name of 
Victoria ; and on the 12th February, in the same year, gold was discovered near 
Bathurst, and the discovery officially announced on the 1st May. The University of 
Sydney, with its affiliated colleges and grammar school, and its endowment and inau- 
guration, the turning the first sod of the Great Southern railway, the laying the first 
stone of the Fitzroy dry dock (Cockatoo island), and the establishment of the Sydney 
"branch of the Royal mint, all took place under the administration of Sir Charles 
Fitzroy, but the greatest act of his reign was the passing of the Constitution Act of 
New South Wales, by which the great political principles of responsible government 
were conceded to the colonists. In the beginning of 1855, Sir Charles Fitzroy 
retired, and his successor, Sir William Denison, formerly Governor of Van 
Diemen's Land, assuming the reins of government, under the title of 
Governor-General, which title was afterwards revoked, and that of Govenor- 
in-Chief of New South Wales substituted. In 1857 many . parts of the 
colony were visited by severe floods, and great losses were sustained by agricul- 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



413 



turists in consequence, and in the beginning of 1859 that part of the colony known as 
Moreton bay, and bounded on the S. by the Macpherson range from cape Danger, by 
the Dumaresq and Macintyre rivers, to 149° E. long. , and thence in a W. direction 
along the parallel of 29° S. lat., was erected into a separate colony, the separation 
being brought about, in a great measure, by the efforts of Dr. Lang and Mr. William 
Wilkes, a journalist of some celebrity in the colony. The new colony received the 
name of Queensland. Sir W. Denison having received the appointment of Governor 
of the presidency of Madras, in 1861, was succeeded by Sir John Young, K.C.B., 
G.C.M.G-., the present Captain-General, Governor-in-Chief, and Vice-Admiral of 
New South. Wales, who landed in Sydney on the 21st March, 1861. 

The Government of New South Wales now consists of a Governor and Executive 
Council, and 2 houses of Legislature (the Council and the Assembly). The Executive 
comprises a president (his Excellency the Governor), vice-president, colonial secretary, 
colonial treasurer, attorney-general, secretary for lands, secretary for public works, and 
solicitor-general. The Legislative Council is a body nominated for life by the Execu- 
tive Council, and consists of 32 members, presided over by a president, its functions 
being to pass, amend, or reject all bills sent up from the Legislative Assembly, except 
money bills, with which it has no power to deal except to pass or reject in globo. 
The Legislative Assembly consists of 72 members, presided over by a speaker, and 
representing the following 40 electoral districts : — Argyle, Balranald, Bathurst, Bogan, 
Braidwood, Camden, Canterbury, Carcoar, Clarence, Central Cumberland, Eden, 
Glebe, Goulburn, Gwydir, Hartley, Hastings, Hawkesbury, Hume, Hunter, Lower 
Hunter, Upper Hunter, Illawarra, Kiama, Lachlan, Liverpool plains, East Macquarie, 
West Macquarie, East Maitland, West Maitland, Monaro, Morpeth, Mudgee, Murray, 
Murrumbidgee, Narellan, Nepean, Newcastle, New England, Newtown, Northumber- 
land, Orange, Paddington, Parramatta, Paterson, Patrick's plains, Queanbeyan, St. 
Leonard's, Shoalhaven, E. Sydney, W. Sydney, Tenterfield, Tumut, Wellington, 
Williams, Windsor, Wollombi, Yass plains, Gold fields N., Gold fields S., and Gold 
fields W. For the Legislative Assembly every adult male is, with a few trifling 
restrictions, entitled to a vote, those restrictions being so trivial as to render the 
system one of manhood suffrage. 

The colony contains 32 corporate towns and municipalities, exclusive of that of 
Sydney, having (for the year 1864) a total estimated annual value of rateable pro- 
perty of £384,417 17s. ; total receipts of £40,844 lis. 5^d. ; an expenditure of £41,359 
12s. 4^d. ; an extent of 506 miles of roads and streets ; and 10,962 registered electors. 
There are also 7 road trusts, representing 194 miles of road. 

The increase in the population of the colony during the year 1864 was 13,655, or 
3 "6 per cent. ; the total number of inhabitants being, at the end of that year — males, 
216,357 ; females, 176,232; total, 392,589. Up to June, 1865, the population had 
increased to a total of 402,103 persons. The number of marriages during 1864 was 
3480, being an increase of 166 on the previous year; the number of births, 16,881, 
being an increase of 1202 on the previous year ; while the number of deaths was 
6445, being a decrease of 208 on the previous year. The increase by excess of immi- 
gration over emigration was 3219. 

With reference to the charitable institutions of the colony, it appears that the 
total number of persons receiving relief during the year 1864 was 13,958, and the 
receipts in aid of these amounted to £68,156 3s. 10^1., or at the rate of £4 17s. 7|d. 
per head ; and the disbursements to £69,677 10s. 4^d., or at the rate of £4 19s. lOd. 
per head. The above figures include lunatic asylums. 

The average rate of wages, since the year 1855, has gradually decreased. Arti- 
zans, mechanics, &c, earning 15s. per day in 1855, are now earning but 10s. per day, 
while other wages are reduced in proportion. In the country, in 1858, the wages 
ranged from £30 to £85 per annum, and in 1864 from £30 to £100. In the years 
1855 to 1857, tradesmen and others were unwilling to enter into any engagements of 
a permanent character, owing to the great excitement caused by the gold fields. 
The wages of domestic servants have altered but a trifle for the better, and indicate 
that the supply has been equal to the demand. The year 1858 seems to have com- 
manded the lowest rate of wages. 

The following table shows the number of places of worship, with their aqcommo* 
dation and average attendance during the year 1864 : — 



414 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



[New 



Denomination. 


Number of 
Places of Worship. 


Acco m modation. 


Average 
Attendance. 


Church of England 

Church of Rome 

Presbyterian 

Wesley an Methodist ... 

Independent Wesleyan Methodist . . . 

Primitive Methodist ... 

Congregational ... 

Baptist ... 

Unitarian 

Jewish ... 

Christian Israelites 


490 
181 
176 

331 
3 
38 
47 
S 
1 
2 
13 


44,555 
27,751 
17,574 
29,000 
500 
4062 
8086 
1734 
230 
700 
732 


34,754 
23,057 
10,414 
26,260 
390 
1780 
6201 
920 
85 
325 
272 


Totals 


1290 


134,924 


104,458 



The Church of England had the largest attendance, being 33*30 per cent., or 
nearly one-third. The Wesleyans came next, with 2543 per cent., or a little better 
than one-fourth ; and then the Church of Eome, with 22 "07 per cent., being a little 
more than one-fifth of the church going community. 

The educational facilities of the colony will bear favourable comparison with other 
places, as will be seen by the following table, which also shows the improvement 
during the year 1864 on the previous year 1863 : — 



Number of Schools. 



Number of Scholars. 



Orphan Schools 
Destitute Children's Asylum' 
Denominational Schools 
National Schools 
University of Sydney 
St. Paul's College 
St. John's College ... 
Sydney Grammar School 
Private Schools 

Totals . . . 



1S6.;. 


1S64. 


Iucrease. 


1S63. 


1804. 


Increase. 


Decrease. 


2 


2 




436 


460 


24 




1 


1 




365 








333 


336 


3 


20,575 


21,841 


1266 




214 


228 


14 


15,725 


16,255 


530 




1 


1 




32 


33 


1 




1 


1 




9 


8 




1 


1 






2 


8 


6 




1 


! 




111 


138 


27 




422 


452 


30 


9,555 


9,684 


129 




976 


1023 


47 


46,810 


48,427 


1983 


1 



It will be seen that, with one solitary exception, there is a marked increase in the 
whole of the above-named establishments. Under the Denominational system each 
school aA'eraged 65 scholars, and under the National system the average was 71 scholars 
to each school. The amount contributed by the State towards the support of 
National schools was £49,093 0s. Id., or at the rate of £2 4s. lid. per head ; and the 
amount received from voluntary contributions was £16,663 6s. 2d., or at the rate of 
15s. 3d. per head. The State contributed towards the support of National schools, 
£35,901 0s. lid., or at the rate of £2 4s. 2d. per head ; while the amount received 
from private sources was £12,331 2s. 5d., or at the rate of 15s. 2d. per head. The 
total sum paid during the year towards the support of educational establishments 
was £105,220 3s. lid., or at the rate of 5s. 4|d. per head of the population. In 
the year 1854 there were 413 schools and 25,953 scholars. The increase during the 
last 10 years has been 609 schools, or over 151 per cent., while the increase of scholars 
has been 22,474, or over 86 per cent. 

The Customs returns manifest a large increase in trade during the year 1864, and 
tend to show in a great measure the wealth and industry of the people. The total 
value of imports, as declared at the Custom house, shows an increase over the previous 
year of more than a million and a half sterling, and the exports show an increase 
of more than a million sterling, as will be seen by the following table : — 



New] 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



415 



Imports. 



Exports. 



United Kingdom 
British Colonies 
Foreign States 



1864 
1863 



Increase . . 



£ 

. 3,856,161 
.! 4,906,304 

.! 1,073,577 

i 

J 9,836,042 
8,319,576 

1,516,466 



2,559,380 
5,379,062 
178,775 



8,117,217 
6,935,839 



1,180,378 



Excess of 



Imports. 



£ 

1,298,781 

'894, 802 

1,718,825 
1,382,737 



336,088 



Exports. 



£ 

472,758 



The imports were at the rate of £25 9s. 9 £d. per head of the population at the middle of the 
year, and the exports at the same time were at the rate of £21 0s. 8 |d. per head. The arti- 
cles of import, exhibiting the greatest]increase as compared with theprevious year, were : 





1863. 


1864. 


Increase. 




£ 


£ 


£ 


Coffee 


18,924 


50,140 


31,216 


Flour and Bread 


192,923 


522,553 


329,630 


Gold and Coin 


499,324 


1,757,378 


1,258,054 


Grain 


278,448 


457,354 


178,906 


Tobacco 


113,933 


231,692 


117,759 


Wool 


647,426 


835,949 


188,523 


Leather... 


261,597 


365,121 


103,524 



Those showing a decrease were beer, hardware, linen, drapery, and spirits. The 
extensive trade carried on with the neighbouring colonies is somewhat remarkable. 
The value of goods imported from Victoria during 1864 was nearly two millions sterling, 
while the value of exports thereto was nearly one million sterling. Queensland ranks 
next. The imports from that colony amounted to more than a million sterling, while 
the exports thereto were nearly a million and a quarter. The trade done with New Zea- 
land is also considerable. Of the total value of exports seaward (£8,117,217) £5,746,678 
was the produce of our own industry. During the last five years the value of New 
South Wales products amounted to nearly 23 millions of pounds sterling. With 
regard to our great staple commodity, wool, we find, upon reference to the Border 
customs returns, which are compiled from 17th September to 31st December, in- 
clusive, only, that the quantity that crossed the Murray en route to Victoria was 
6,159,327 lbs., to which should be added an export to South Australia of 1,254,060 
lbs., making an export overland of 7,413,387 lbs. ; then add export seaward, 
18,414,530 lbs., which will show a grand export for New South Wales of 25,827,917 
lbs . The imports and exports overland were as follows : — 



ViaAlbury 

Corowa ... 
Moama ... 
Swan Hill Crossing 
Euston ... 
Wentworth 

Totals Overland 
Add Seaward 



General Total 



Imports. 



Exports. 



£ 


£ 


114,265 


73,110 


23,381 


57,785 


46,841 


573,297 


10,930 


95,549 


8109 


15,690 


96, 140 


105,184 


299,666 


920,615 


9,836,042 


8,117,217 


10,135,708 


9,037,832 



416 



The shipping returns confirm the flourishing state of trade. The number of vessels 
inwards at the several ports of the colony was 1849, of the total tonnage of 607,168 ; 
while the number of vessels outwards was 1842, of the total tonnage of 647,057. The 
arrivals from Great Britain decreased from 112 vessels of the aggregate tonnage of 
SQ,lo5 tons in 1863, to 102 vessels of an aggregate tonnage of 80,166 tons in 1864. It 
is quite the reverse with departures ; for 37 vessels of an aggregate tonnage of 33,066.' 
tons were homeward bound in 1864, against 33 vessels of a tonnage of 30,060 tons in 
1863. Forty new vessels were built of an aggregate tonnage of 3814 tons. 

The manufactories in the colony shew an increase of 316 in the year 1864, the 
total number being 2084. The operations of some of them in 1864, as compared with, 
the previous year, will be found as follows : — 





1864. 


1863. 




No. of 


Quantity 


No. of 


Quantity 




Manufactories. 


Pi-oduced. 


Manufactories. 


Produced. 


Woollens 


5 


91,800 yards 


5 


64,650 yards 


Soap 


26 


74,900 cwt. 


33 


60,947 cwt. 


Tobacco 


39 


86191 j} 


31 


4808 „ 


Refined Sugar . . . 


5 


118,480 


5 


169,280 



Boiling-down establishments increased from 39 in 1863, to 57 in 1864; the num- 
ber of sheep slaughtered increased from 7574 in 1863, to 39,927 in 1864 ; the slaughter 
of cattle likewise increased from 30,335 in 1863, to 60,090 in 1864, having nearly 
doubled the number of the previous year. The produce of tallow was 57,594 cwt. in 
1863, and 75,241 cwt. in 1864 ; in the latter year 4569 pigs produced 19,736 lbs. of 
lard. 

Comparatively little is known of the mineral treasures of New South Wales, and" 
still less has been accomplished in the way of their development. The list of 
minerals known to exist in the country comprises some of the most important, 
both as regards utility and commercial value. Freestone for building is 
plentiful in the coast district, and is found of excellent quality at Sydney. On the 
table lands and Cordellira, granite and its varieties may be obtained in abundance ; 
it also is used for building purposes. Limestone is very generally distributed, but not 
in large quantities, throughout the coast district and the table land. The upper por- 
tions of the valleys of the Hunter, Shoalhaven, Wollonclilly, Abercrombie, and Mur- 
rumbidgee, the valley of the Macquarie in the Wellington district, and Monaro and 
Yass plains, are the principal localities in which deposits of limestone are found. In 
some instances, as in the basins of the Shoalhaven and Wollondilly, the limestone 
passes into marble of fine quality, and varying in colour, from pure white to jet 
black. Slate is abundant on the table lands, and the kind used in roofing houses is 
occasionally met with. Deposits of porcelain clay, resulting from the decomposition 
of granite, are found upon the table lands, and brick clay is abundant in most parts 
of the colony. Meerschaum has been found in the N. table land, in the neighbour- 
hood of Tenterfield, and Plumbago at Dundee, and on the banks of the N. Rocky 
river, a tributary of the Clarence. At present salt is known to exist on the banks of the 
Talbragar. Among the metals found in New South Wales, gold occupies the first 
rank, both on account of its value and the attention paid to the search for it as a 
branch of productive industry. As a general rule, the deposits of gold are confined 
to the Cordellira and the table lands. Very recently gold has been discovered on the* 
W. verge of the S. table land, on the banks of the Lachlan, and at Burrangong, 
further S. It is usual to arrange the various gold fields into Northern, Western, 
and Southern. The Northern gold fields include the following localities : — Tim- 
barra, on branches of the Clarence river, the Rocky river, the Peel river, and. 
its first tributaries ; and Bingera, on an affluent of the Gwydir. The Western 
gold fields occupy numerous localities in the basins of the Macquarie and Lachlan, 
the head waters and tributaries of which are all more or less auriferous. Among 
the more productive may be specified : — The Turon, the Meroo, the Cudgegong, 
and the Abercrombie ; but some of the minor streams are also very rich. The 
gold fields situated in the vicinity of Braidwood, Kiandra (at the head of the 
Snowy river;, Adelong (on some of the tributaries of the Murrumbidgee, in its 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



417 



middle course), and Burrangong (on creeks which ultimately, perhaps, find their way 
into the Lachlan), are reckoned among the Southern gold fields. In this list only the 
most important localities are mentioned, but there are numerous other places in which 
gold is found and worked. The quantity and value of gold brought to the Mint by 
escort from the several gold fields during 1864, exhibits a considerable decrease on 
the returns of the previous year, as will be seen on reference to the following table : — - 



1863 
1864 

Decrease .... 


Western District. 


Southern District. 


Northern District. 


Quantity. 


Value. 


Quantity. 


Value. 


Quantity. 


Value. 


Ozs. 
215,443 
149,709 


£ 

818,741 
562,425 


Ozs. 
170,766 
139,270 


£ 

669,700 
544,253 


Ozs. 
37,198 
27,450 


£ 

140,607 
104,491 


65,734 


256,316 


31,496 


125,447 


9,748 


36,116 



The total quantity of gold received in 1864 was 316,429 ozs., against 423,407 ozs. in 
1863, shewing a decrease of 106,978 ozs., or 25 per cent. The values of the gold, as 
tested in the mint, ranged from £3 lis. 3d. to £3 19s. 3d. in the Western district; 
£3 15s. to £4 Is. 9d. in the Southern district ; and £3 2s. 9d. to £3 19s. 4d. in the 
Northern district. Although the foregoing table indicates pretty clearly a falling off 
in the yield of the precious ore at the gold fields, to arrive at their true state we must 
take the quantity of gold receivod into the mint for coinage, and that passed through 
the customs for export, in its natural state, since 1862 ; by doing this we find 
a falling off in 1863 of 180,910 ozs., of the value of £691,573 ; and, in 1864, compared 
with 1863, a decrease of 107,623 ozs., of the value of £423,301, shewn as follows : — 





1862. 


1863. 


1864. 




Ozs. 


£ 


Ozs. 


£ 


Ozs. 


£ 


Mint 


587,895 


2,262,471 


401,713 


1,545,419 


308,670 


1,181,898 


Customs 


28,363 


93,391 


31,635 


118,870 


17,055 


59,090 


Total 


614,258 


2,355,862 


433,348 


1,664,289 


325,725 


1,240,988 



That most valuable of minerals, coal, is found in great abundance in many parts 
of the colony. The principal of the coal fields yet discovered is situated in the coast 
district, extending from the Hunter valley on the N., nearly to the valley of the 
Shoalhaven on the S., and bounded on the W. by the Blue mountains. Coal mining 
is carried on to the largest extent on the lower Hunter, and in the Illawarra district ; 
but beds of coal have also been observed in the Vale of Clwydd, in the Blue moun- 
tains ; on the W. side of the Talbragar river ; the valley of the Peel river ; the 
Gwydir district ; New England ; and the Clarence and Richmond valleys. In addi- 
tion to gold and coal, copper may be regarded as one of the characteristic metals of 
New South Wales. The metalliferous region lying between and around the 149th 
and 150th meridans, abounds in copper ores of fine quality and varying degrees of rich- 
ness. In some instances large quantities of the pure metal have been discovered. 
N. of the 22nd parallel the mineral region lies farther to the E. The copper lodes 
have been worked at Coombing, Summerhill, Cornish Settlement, and the Canobolasj 
Operations in coal and copper mining are being carried on with unwonted vigour. 
The quantity of coal raised at the mines in 1864 was 549,012 tons, of the stated 
value of £270,171, against 433,889 tons, of the value of £236,230, in the previous year 
Of this quantity 372,466 tons, of the value of £212,488 was exported, whilst the 
remainder was consumed in the colony. The present number of coal mines in the 
colony is 25. The value of copper obtained during 1864 from the mines at Cadian- 
gullong and Quedong was estimated at £22,100. 

Silver is known to exist in New South Wales in combination with lead, but has 
not yet been found as a separate ore. The best known localities from which silver 
may be obtained are in the neighbourhood of Bathurst, Yalwal creek, Moruya, but it 
is also found in the N. portion of the N. table land near Tenterfield. 
c c 



418 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



Iron is very generally distributed over the surface of the colony. Several of the 
more valuable ores exist in great abundance, and give promise of being a source of 
future wealth. In general, iron is found in all the gold regions, and its existence has 
been discovered in the upper Shoalhaven valley, on the Talbragar, and in the Mitta- 
gong range. The ore has hitherto been worked in the last mentioned locality only, 
where it is of extraordinary richness. The Fitzroy iron mines at Nattai produced 
2000 tons of ore, valued at £500, during the year 1864. (See Nattai). 

Tin is known to exist in small quantities in all the gold fields of the colony, but 
it has not yet been made a special object of search. Antimony and arsenic have also 
been discovered in various parts of the colony, but chiefly in connection with gold. 
Manganese is known to exist near the Bell river, a tributary of the Macquarie. 
Minute quantities of rarer metals and minerals are also found, such as platinum, 
iridium, nickel, and titanium. 

The indications of the existence of lead are numerous. In the Monaro district, 
especially in the basin of the upper Murrumbidgee, in the Gourock range, in the 
lower Shoalhaven valley, on the upper Macquarie, and in New England, it has been 
met with in considerable abundance, though little has yet been accomplished in the 
way of productive mining. Rubies, sapphires, garnets, and, to a small extent, 
diamonds, have been obtained from the detritus found in the beds of rivers, chiefly in 
the gold-producing regions. 

In various parts of the colony, particularly at Hartley, and American creek, in 
the Illawarra district, vast deposits of kerosene shale have been discovered, and will, 
doubtless, be ere long the source of great wealth. Works for the mining of the shale 
and the extraction of the oil have been erected at both places, and practical results 
may be expected shortly. 

The number of occupiers of land (exclusive of those for pastoral purposes) 
increased during 1864 from 19,361 to 21,540, of whom 13,166 were freeholders, and 
8374 leaseholders. The extent of their holdings increased from 7,310,343 acres to 
7,545,117 acres, of which 3,975,148 acres were freehold, and 3,569,969 leasehold. The 
extent of land in cultivation was 321,526 acres, against 308,260 acres the year before; 
the increase being 13,266 acres, or 4 per cent. The enclosed lands, not in cultivation, 
decreased from 1,817,218 acres in 1863, to 1,742,128 acres in 1864 ; the decrease being 
75,090 acres, or 4 per cent. The lands unenclosed increased from 5,184,864 acres 
in 1863, to 5,481,463 acres in 1864, the increase being 296,599 acres, or 5 per 
cent. There were 318,854 acres in crop, against 307,035 acres the year before, 
shewing an increase of 11,819 acres, or 3 "70 per cent. The wheat crop for grain 
amounted to 104,568 acres in 1864, shewing a small increase of 626 acres over 
the crop of the previous year. The produce of the first year was 1,246,458 
bushels, or an average of nearly 12 bushels to the acre, whilst the year 1863 produced 
808,919 bushels, or a trifle better than 7| bushels to the acre. It must be borne in 
mind, however, that the year 1863 was one of particular misfortune to the farmers. 
The disastrous floods which visited the colony in this year not only swept whole fields 
of wheat and other crops away, but destroyed also the homesteads of many happy 
families, and left them completely destitute ; so much so, indeed, that the government, 
as well as the public, took the matter in hand. The former distributed large quanti- 
ties of seed wheat to the needy, to enable them again to enter into their farming 
pursuits, and the latter rendered valuable assistance in supplying such necessary 
articles as was requisite for the time. Nor was the year 1864 without its mishaps ; 
the disease known as "rust," as well as floods in some districts, helped to keep the 
average yield below its usual standard. The wheat grown was at the rate of 3 bushels 
10 lbs. per head of the population, and the year before, 2 bushels 8 lbs. per head. The 
extent of land sown with maize for grain was 101, 584J acres, against 95, 688| acres 
the year previous. The produce amounted to 3, 114, 21 If bushels, or 30 bushels 39 
lbs. per acre, being in excess 188,262 bushels, or 5 lbs. per acre of the year 1863. 
The barley crop for grain was 4723f acres, against 4092| acres in 1863. The produce 
was 60,355 bushels, shewing a falling off of 6654 bushels compared with the former 
year. The breadth of land sown with oats for grain amounted to 14,098 acres, 
against 13,022^ acres in 1863 ; the increase being 1075f acres. The produce amounted 
to 189,524 bushels, being 24,400 bushels less than the previous year. The average 
yield to the acre was only 16 bushels 17 lbs. The potato crop covered 14,3974 acres 
of land, against 11,618^ acres the year before ; thus the increase was 2779 acres. The 
yield was 52,060| tons, or 19,920 tons in excess of 1863 ; the average was rather more 



NewJ 



Tlie New South Wales Gazetteer. 



419 



than 3 tons 12 cwt. to the acre ; in 1863, the average was 2f tons to the acre. The 
quantity of land sown with seed for hay was 52,3074 acres, an increase of 4016| acres 
over the previous year. The produce was 69,405 tons, shewing a decrease of 1143 
tons as compared with the former year. The average yield to the acre was 1 ton 6 cwt. 
in 1864, and 1 ton 9 cwt. in 1863. The cultivation of cotton steadily increases. In 
1862, 54| acres were under crop, and yielded 7743 lbs. In 1863, the crop fell to 18f 
acres, with a yield of 1600 lbs. And in 1864, the crop reached 1754 acres, producing 
29,012 lbs. The Clarence appears to be the principal cotton growing district, having 
170 acres under cultivation, with a yield of 28,900 lbs. Not with standing the heavy 
duty on imported tobacco, and the high price ruling for this article, it appears to 
make but slow progress. There were 806| acres planted in 1864, and the yield was 
4036 cwt. In 1863, 534j- acres were sown, and yielded 4851 cwt. The year 1862 was 
most satisfactory, having 895| acres planted, which produced 15,3154 cw *- The cul- 
tivation of the sugar cane is also on the increase. In 1863, 2 acres only were planted, 
and produced 280 lbs. In 1864, the area planted was 224 acres, and the yield 4478 
lbs. In 1864, the acreage for green food for cattle was 12, 341 £ acres, against 17,653 
in 1863. Gardens, orchards, and all other land in crop amounted to 10,910^ acres, 
against 9755 acres in 1863. The cultivation of the vine is largely on the increase. 
The following table will give the result of this branch of industry for the years 1862— 
63-64 :— 



Year ended 


Wine Making. 


Table use. 


ctive. 


Acres. 


Wine 
produced. 


Brandy 
manufac- 
tured. 


Acres. 


Quantity 
obtained. 


ss 
o 

1 


31st March, 1862 

31st March, 1863 

31st March, 1864 


794| 
880| 
945i 


Gallons. 
144,888 
136,976 
161,298f 


Gallons. 
2749 
2033 
3077 


3074 
3814 
332| 


Tons. cwt. 
420 154 
393 15 
344 17 


357i 

379 

571 



The live stock returns shew an increase over the year 1863 of 22,013 horses, 
480,551 sheep, and 28,255 pigs ; whilst the cattle shew a decrease of 108,403 in. 
number, as follows : — 





Horses. 


Horned Cattle. 


Sheep. 


Pigs. 


31 March, 1865— 

Counties 

Pastoral Districts 


No. 
193,844 
90,723 


No. 
659,929 
1,264,190 


No. 
2,364,374 
5,907,146 


No. 
127,309 
36,845 


Total 

31 March, 1864 


284,567 
262,554 


1,924,119 
2,032,522 


8,271,520 
7,790,969 


164,154 
135,899 


Increase 

Decrease 


22,013 


108,403 


480,551 


28,255 











The decrease in cattle is partly attributable to the start that boiling-down establish- 
ments have taken during the year, there being 57, against 39 establishments in opera- 
tion in 1863, the cattle slaughtered for tallow numbering 60,090. The export of 
18,500 head of cattle also partly accounts for the decrease ; of this number over 17 000 
head went to supply the New Zealand market, and upwards of 1000 were shipped to 
the French settlement known as New Caledonia. The disease known as "Pleuro 
Pneumonia" has also done its work of destruction. 

New South Wales is divided into the following pastoral districts : — Albert, Bligh, 
Clarence, Darling, Gwydir, Lachlan, Liverpool plains, Macleay, Monaro, Murrum- 

bidgee, New England, Warrego, and Wellington ; and into the following 88 counties : - 

Arrawatta, Ashburnham, Auckland, Benarba, Barradine, Beresford, Bland, Blaxland, 
Boyd, Buckland, Buccleugh, Bourke, Buller, Burnett, CadelL Caira, Clarke, Clive 
Clarendon, Clarence, Cooper, Cowper, Courallie, Cowley, Clyde, Cunningham, Dam- 



420 Tlie New South Wales Gazetteer. [New 



pier, Darling, Denharn, Dudley, Denison, Dowling, Drake, Ewenna, Fitzroy, Flinders, 
Forbes, Franklin, Gipps, Gordon, Gough, Goulbum, Gowen, Gregory, Gresham, Har- 
den, Hardinge, Hawes, Hume, Inglis, Jamison, Kennedy, Leichhardt, Lincoln, 
Livingstone, Menindie, Mitchell, Monteagle, Murchison, Nandewar, Napier, Narro- 
mine, Nicholson, Oxley, Parry, Perry, Pottinger, Eichmond, Rous, Raleigh, Sandon, 
Selwyn, Stapylton, Sturt, Taila, Tarra, Townsend, Urana, Vernon, Waljeers, Wal- 
lace, Wakool, Wellesley, Wentwortk, White, Windeyer, Waradgery, Wynyard. The 
metropolitan county is Cumberland, and the chief town Sydney, other principal 
towns being Maitland, Bathurst, Newcastle, Goulburn, and Yass. 

The colony is also divided into the followiug 61 police districts : Albury, Armi- 
dale, Balranald, Bathurst, Berrima, Binalong, Braidwood, Bombala, Broulee, Camden, 
Picton, &c, Cambelltown, Carcoar, CassiHs, Cooma, Deniliquin, Dubbo, Dungog, 
Eden, Gosford, Brisbane Water, Goulburn, Grafton, Gundagai, Hartley, Kiama, 
Maitland, Macleay, M 'Donald river, Manning river, Moama, Molong, Moulamein, 
Mudgee, Murrurundi, Muswellbrook, Newcastle, Orange, Parramatta and Liverpool, 
Paterson, Patrick's Plains, Penrith, Port Macquarie, Port Stephens, Queanbeyan, 
Raymond Terrace, Richmond river, Rylstone, Scone, Shoalhaven, Sydney, Tamworth, 
Tenterfield, Tumut, Wagga-Wagga, Warialda, Wee-Waa, Wellingrove, Wellington, 
Windsor, Wollombi, Wollongong, and Yass. 

For the administration of justice, a supreme court, district court, courts of 
quarter sessions, and courts of petty sessions are established. The first named 
includes 4 judges, who try suits in Sydney, and visit the country districts periodi- 
cally, to hold assize or circuit courts. The places at which such courts are held, 
are Bathurst, Goulburn, and Maitland. Litigants have, within certain limits, the 
right of appeal to the Privy Council of England. There are 5 district court 
judges, who hold courts in all the important towns, and, assisted by the local 
magistracy, hold courts of quarter sessions for the trial of criminal cases in the 
principal country towns. There are, also, numerous courts of petty sessions pre- 
sided over by the local magistracy. 

From returns printed in July, 1865, it was shown that the total area of land 
granted for church and school purposes was 443,486 acres, 1 rod, 16 perches, of which, 
8559 acres were sold, and 434,927 acres unsold. 

Most of the rivers on the E. slope are more or less navigable, especially for vessels 
of small tonnage. The Clarence is navigable for vessels of large size for 70 miles 
from its mouth, and the Hunter for 50. At certain seasons the Murray, Darling, and 
Murrumbidgee are navigable for vessels of light draught for distances of about 1000 
and 600 miles respectively, and when some of the obstructions have been removed 
the navigation will be rendered less dangerous, more certain, and more frequent. 
Even now, the opening of these rivers has proved of great benefit to the districts 
through which they flow, by providing an outlet for produce, and a means of obtaining 
supplies. No canals have yet been formed in New South Wales, excepting, perhaps, 
a short one joining the Shoalhaven and Crookhaven rivers. It is not probable, from 
the scarcity of water, and high price of labour, that canals will ever be extensively 
used in this colony ; certainly not for many years to come. 

Immense sums of money were expended in former times upon the common roads 
of the colony, but, until very recently, they were little better than tracks cleared of 
timber. Great efforts have been made of late years to improve the highways, and, 
notwithstanding great difficulties from want of proper materials and labour, and the 
destruction of bridges by floods, a sensible advance has been made. These roads are 
divided into three main lines, named, respectively, the Great Southern, the Great 
Western, and the Great Northern roads. The two former commence from Sydney, 
the last from Maitland. The Great Southern road takes a general, but irregular, 
southerly direction, passing through Campbelltown and Berrima to Goulbum. 
Thence it proceeds by way of Yass and Gundagai to Albury. Roads branch off from 
the main line from Goulburn to Braidwood, and from the same place to Bombala, 
passing through Cooma and Queanbeyan. The Great Western road passes through 
Parramatta and Penrith, and across the Blue mountains to Bathurst, whence it is 
continued through Orange to Wellington and Dubbo. This road leads through the 
celebrated pass of mount Victoria, and is, in some places, cut out of the face of the 
mountain, and in others carried across vast chasms on immense masses of masonry. 
The Great Northern road starts from Maitland, through Singleton, Muswellbrook, 
and Murrurundi, across the Tiverpool range to Tamworth ; thence across the Moonbi 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



421 



and New England ranges to Armidale. Many important branch roads lead in various 
directions from the main lines, and where roads, properly so called, terminate, tracks 
are used, which receive no attention, and undergo no repair. The main roads, and 
some of the branch roads, are now provided with substantial bridges over the more 
important streams, but when rivers intersect the tracks they can only be crossed by 
fording. Some notion may be formed of the extent of the roads and tracks in common 
use from the fact that the total length of the various lines travelled by the post 
exceeds 11,000 miles. 

Three lines of railway have been commenced, called respectively, the Great 
Southern, Great Western, and Great Northern lines. The first of these is intended 
ultimately to connect Sydney with Albury. At present, it is intended to proceed to 
Goulburn only, and will shortly be finished as far as Picton — about 50 miles. The 
Great Western railway branches from that thus described near Parramatta, and is 
completed to Penrith, about 20 miles. The design of this line is to connect Sydney 
with Bathurst, but, as the engineering difficulties in the way of constructing a rail- 
road across the Blue mountains are of a formidable character, there is no present like- 
lihood that the purpose will be speedily effected. The Great Northern railway begins 
.at Newcastle, passes through Maitland to Singleton, a distance of about 60 miles. 
Ultimately it is proposed to carry this line to Murrurundi, from which place further 
.advance will be checked by the Liverpool range. The total length of railway com- 
pleted, or about to be, is 130 miles. 

Each of the main lines of road has its telegraph line to correspond, and there is 
full telegraph communication between Sydney and the neighbouring colonies of 
Queensland, South Australia, and Victoria. The following are the principal telegra- 
phic lines in operation, or in progress : — 1. The Southern line, extending from Sydney 
to Albury, with branches to— 1, Kiama ; 2, Braidwood ; 3, Kiandra ; 4, Wagga- 
Wagga, Deniliquin, and Echuca. 2. The Western line, extending from Sydney to 
Forbes, via Bathurst, with branch through Sofala to Mudgee and Wellington. 3. 
The Northern line, extending from Sydney to the northern boundary of the colony, 
with branches— 1, to Newcastle ; 2, to Scone ; 3, from Tenterfield to Grafton. The 
total number of miles of telegraph in operation is above 2500, and when the exten- 
sions now in course of formation are completed, that number will be increased to 
about 3000 miles. 

New South Wales has a total length, from E. toW., of 760 miles, a breadth, 
from N. to S., of 600 miles, an area of 320,000 square miles, and a coast line of 800 
miles. It consists generally of alternate hills, valleys, and plains. The sea coast has 
a range of lofty hills, elevated from 3000 to 6000 feet above the level of the sea, and 
running parallel to the coast at a distance of from 30 to 50 miles, and caUed the Blue 
mountains, the intervening space being an undulating plain, intersected by numerous 
streams, having their rise in the elevations mentioned. Beyond the ranges the coun- 
try extends to the interior in considerable table lands, gradually sinking towards the 
W., and rising again into lofty ranges still further inland. 

The principal range of mountains is the Great Dividing range, which, rising with 
a nearly perpendicular elevation of from 3000 to 5000 feet, appears like a mighty 
bastion, cutting off all communication with the interior. The highest peak in the 
entire range is mount Kosciusko, which attains an elevation of 7308 feet above the 
level of the sea (see Great Dividing range. ) There are numerous solitary hills and 
broken ranges m the great plains to the W., but they are, as a rule, unimportant. 

The principal rivers are the Murrumbidgee, Lachlan, Hawkesbury, Hunter, 
Manning, Macquarie, Goulburn, Bogan, Darling, Namoi, Barwon, Clarence, Macleay, 
Richmond, Shoalhaven, Peel, and Castlereagh. There are but few lakes of any 
magnitude ; the principal ones are lakes George, Macquarie, Illawarra, and Bathurst. 
Lhe principal bays and harbours are port Jackson, Botany bay, port Hunter, Broken 
bay, port Stephens, port Macquarie, Twofold bay, and port Hacking. 

The climate is both warmer in summer and milder in winter than that of 
England. It is favourable to health, however, and, excepting ophthalmia, which is 
frequent m October and November, endemic diseases are hardly known. At Sydney 
and on the coast the dust is troublesome. 

• T- he ta ml e lands consist ' for tne m ost part, of primary rocks, granite, and its 
varieties. These form, as it were, the floor of the table lands, and are, in many 
places, pierced and rent by the intrusion of other igneous rocks of trappean form- 
ation, or covered with strata of the metamorphic series, as mica slate. Occasionally, 



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the primary rocks rise into lofty peaks, as in the case of mount Kosciusko, which 
consists of a syenitic cone resting upon a granite base ; but, as a general rule, they 
form only a gently undulating surface, or swell into ridges of a rounded contour and 
moderate elevation. The trap rocks, which penetrate the granite floor, sometimes 
spread out into tracts of level country, forming the plains, as they are popularly 
termed, on the table lands ; but as frequently rise into sharp, naked peaks. Aru 
example of the latter may be seen in the Liverpool range. Rocks of the secondary age 
chiefly prevail in the coast district, but they are occasionally disturbed and penetrated 
by some of the eruptive rocks. That narrow strip of territory bordering upon the 
coast, aod named the Illawarra district, exemplifies this statement in a remarkable 
manner. In this district it would appear as if the original coast had been upheaved 
to the height of 1500 feet by the eruption of igneous rock, and that the 
edge of the mountains was formed by the precipitous cliffs of the former shore. 
The trap so produced constitutes the greater portion of the surface of the district. 
In confirmation of this view, it may be mentioned that shells of a marine 
type are found upon the mountains which formed the ancient sea margin. Among 
the secondary rocks under consideration, none are, perhaps of greater importance 
than those of the carboniferous group, which occupy a large proportion of the coast 
district. The great plains of the W. interior are composed of tertiary rocks and 
recent deposits, alternating with extensive areas, formed of trap. While no traces of 
recent volcanic action are observable in any part of the colony, it will be seen from 
the foregoing statements that this agency has been mainly instrumental in giving to 
the country its present structure and appearance. In general terms, the character of 
the soil varies with the nature of the underlying strata. When the soil is formed by 
the disintegration of primary and secondary rocks, it is, with the exceptions noted 
hereafter, of a poor and barren quality, being deficient in those organic and alkaline 
ingredients which produce fertility. The conditions necessary for the production of 
vegetable mould are nearly all absent in New South Wales. The trees are almost 
xmiversally evergreen, and there is, consequently, no deposit of leaves in autumn. The 
leaves are destitute, for the most part, of salts ; and when they fall, their decomposi- 
tion into mould is prevented by the heat and dryness of the climate. There is, 
therefore, in New South Wales, a large quantity of land of moderate fertility, suitable 
for grazing purposes, together with a considerable proportion of the worst description 
(cold clay or loose sand), useless for either grazing or agricultural purposes. But in 
cases where the soil is produced from the decomposition of trap or limestone rock, it 
is of high quality, requiring only abundant moisture to render it extremely produc- 
tive. For example, the Illawarra district has soil composed, to a great extent, of trap, 
and it exhibits a high degree of fertility, and is manifest from the luxuriance of its 
indigenous vegetation. The low grounds lying along the banks of the rivers, especially 
those flowing into the Pacific, are formed of rich alluvium, in some cases wonderfully 
fertile. The bottom lands of the Clarence, Macleay, Manning, Hunter, Hawkesbury, 
and Shoalhaven, are especially noted for their productiveness, and probably vie in 
quality with the richest lands in the world. 

NEWSTEAD CREEK [New England district) is a small N. tributary of the 
upper part of the Macintyre river, which it joins at the village of Newstead, on the 
road from Armidale to Inverell. Alluvial deposit over lower palaeozoic rocks. 

NEWSTEAD STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Anderson, Mary ; 
estimated area, 71,680 acres; grazing capability, 15,000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Wellingrove. The old charges were £150 ; the recently appraised rental is £365. 

NEW TENANDEA No. 1 STATION {Bligh district) ; occupiers, Christie 
and Went worth ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32. 

NEW TENANDEA No. 2 STATION {Bligh district) ; occupiers, Christie and 
Wentwort ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle and 3000 
sheep. Charges, £30. 

NEW TENANDEA No 3 STATION {Bligh district) • occupiers, Christie and 
Wentworth ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle and 4000 
sheep. Charges, £31. 

NEW TENANDEA No. 4 STATION {Bligh district) ; occupiers, Christie and 
Wentworth ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle and 4000' 
sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 6d. 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



423 



NEW TENANDRA No. 5 STATION (Bligh district).; occupiers, Christie and 
Wentworth ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle and 4000 
sheep. Charges, £30. 

NEW THEDADGEN STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, M'Lean, John 
Donald ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

NEW T0WRABLE STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Blackstone, J.; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31. 

NEWTOWN BOYD STATION (Clarence district) ; occupier, Tindal, C. G. ; 
area, 40,960 acres ; grazing capability, 10,000 sheep. Old charges, £100 ; new ap- 
praisement, £150. 

NEWTOWN (Co. Cumberland) is a large and important suburb of Sydney, in 
the parish of Petersham, and police district of Sydney. With its neighbourhood, it 
forms an electorate, and returns 1 member. It lies on elevated land to the S. E . of 
Sydney, adjoining the city boundary, and has a municipal council of its own. New* 
town is the first station from Sydney, on the S. and W. line of railway. The suburb 
of Waterloo lies on the S.E., Marrickville on the S.W., and Camperdown on the 
N. W. With the two first the communication is by main road, and with the latter, 
as with Sydney, by train. 'Busses also run to Sydney throughout the day. Newtown 
is a favourite place of residence for gentlemen having business in Sydney. It has a 
school of arts, a post office, and a municipal chamber. The hotels are the Terminus, 
Masonic, Webster's, Bricklayer's Arms, Daniel Lambert, Union, and White Horse. 
There are branches of the Commercial Banking company and of the Victoria Insurance 
company ; also a Masonic lodge (lodge Newtown Kilwinning, S. C. ), and an Odd Fe 1 ' ows' 
lodge (St. John's lodge, No. 3392). The surrounding country is slightly undulating, 
and is composed of clay and shale over sandstone. The population numbers between 
6000 and 7000 persons. 

Newtown municipality was proclaimed 14th February, 1863. The estimated 
annual value of rateable property in it is £1012 ; from which (including Government 
aid) it derived, in the year 1864, an income of £1823 9s. 5d. The expenditure during 
that year was £2349 13s. lid. The extent of roads and streets is 16 miles, and the 
number of registered electors 693. 

The Newtown electoral district is bounded on the N., commencing at the inter- 
section of Botany and Cleveland streets by the boundary of the city of Sydney, being 
Cleveland-street W. and its extension to the Newtown road, and the Newtown road 
N. to the Parramatta road, by the Parramatta road W. to Orphan School creek, and 
by that creek downward to Johnston's creek ; on the W. by Johnston's creek upward 
to the railway line by Liberty- street, Kingston, to the Stanmore road, by the Stan- 
more road to the Enmore road, by the Enmore road S. to Juliet-street, and by Juliet- 
street, Harrow road, and Edgeware road, to Lord-street, Bello Retiro ; on the S. by 
Lord-street E. to the Newtown road, by that road N. to the N. boundary of Burt's 
30 acres grant, and by that boundary, which forms the S. boundary of Macdonald 
town, E. to the W. boundary of the Waterloo estate ; and on the E. by the W. 
boundary of the Waterloo estate, and the boundary between that estate and J. King's 
grant, called King's Clear, J. Chisholm's grant, and Chippendale's grant, to Botany- 
street, and by Botany-street N. to Cleveland- street aforesaid. This electorate com- 
prises part of the district of Sydney, and returns 1 member to the Legislative 
Assembly, the present representative being S. C. Brown, Esq. The number of regis- 
tered electors in this district is 1960. 

NEW VALLEY CHEEK (Co. Hardinge, New England district) is an E tributary 
of the Gwydir river, rising near the New valley, and flowing W. through rugged 
auriferous country about 30 miles. The geological formation is hornblendic granite, 
with gold in the granitic detritus, associated with garnets, sapphires, and tin ore. 

NEW VALLEY STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Richardson, 
Alex. H. ; area, 15,360 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

NEW WALLANANINE STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Neale, T. J. ; 
area, 14,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

NEW YEAR'S RANGE (Co. Clyde) is a range of 5 low hills, elevated about 
300 feet above the level of the plains on which they stand, in 30° 21' S. lat., 146° 32" 
E.long. This range was discovered by Sturt on the 17th January, 1829. Sand- 
stone. 



424 



The Xew South Wales Gazetteer. 



[Nic — Nin 



NICHOLAS LAGOON (Co. Backland) is a waterhole on the junction of the 
Cooeypolly and Quiruidi creeks, about 8 miles N.W. of the township of Quirindi. 
Sandstone. 

NICHOLSON is a county, in the pastoral district of Lachlan. It contains 33 
acres of alienated laud. Its present boundaries, however, are open to modification. 

NIMBEA STATION Clarence district) ; occupier, Flood, Edward ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £43 15s. 

NIMBI A STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Aarons, Josh., jun.; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Merri-Merri. 
Charges, £36. 

NIMMITIBEL, 36° 25' S. lat., 149° 21' E. long. {Co. Wallace), is a smaU postal 
township, in the electoral district of Monaro, and police district of Cooma. It is 
situated on the head of Bobundarah creek, near Groggan's creek, 4 miles N. from 
McLachlan's river, and 8 miles W. from the head of the Mumerella river. The district 
is an agricultural and pastoral one, Cooma being 25 miles N., and Bombala 32 miles 
S. With these places there is communication by horse or dray, the mail being conveyed 
twice a-week on horseback. With Sydney, 315 miles N.E., the communication is by 
coach from Cooma to Picton, and thence by rail, also by weekly coach to Merimbula 
orJEden, and thence by steamer. A new route is also about to be opened, via Bega, 
the road, being formed under a road trust ; all the other roads in the district are 
attended to by government solely. Niminitibel has a post and money order office, a 
court of petty sessions, and one of requests, two stores (Bell's, and McDonald's — the 
former being also the post office), and two hotels, the Robert Burns and the Nimmi- 
tibel inn. The surrounding country is mountainous, and well timbered. There are 
evidences of mineral treasure in the neighbourhood, but no fair trial has as yet been 
made. The geological formation is granitic, with quartz -bearing slate. The population 
numbers about 100 persons. 

NIMMITIBEL MOUNTAINS {Co. Auckland) is a range of high, scrubby, 
precipitous, and broken mountains, spurring in an E. direction from the S. coast 
range, lying on the road from Niminitibel to Bega and Panbula, about 20 miles E. of 
Nimmitibel, and the same distance W. of Bega. It is situated about 3 miles from the 
N. bank of the Bemboka river, and in thickly timbered pastoral country, and attains 
an elevation of 3465 feet above sea level. The geological formation is chiefly granitic. 

NIMMITIBEL STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Tindall, James ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 400 sheep. Charges, £24 Is. 3d. 

NIMMITIBEL STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Delves, David ; area, 
4000 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. Charges, £42 10s. 

NIMMO STATION (Monaro district) ; occupiers, executors of Austin Maley ; 
area, 10,000 acres • grazing capability, 300 head of cattle. Charges, £43. 

NINGrADOON MOUNT ( Co. Nundewar) is a picturesque peak, or summit of the 
Nundewar range, lying about 12 miles distant E. of the township of Narrabri. As 
seen from that place, it is crowned with a rock which presents an extraordinary re- 
semblance to the keep of a mediaeval castle, as seen in other parts of the world. 
Granite and slaty shale. 

NINE-MILE PINCH (Co. Wallace) is a steep ascent of 4 miles in length, on the 
road from Cooma to Gipps' land and the Ovens, via Forest hill, after crossing the 
Snowy river. The following description of the road at this place is from a letter 
written by the Rev. W. B. Clarke, and dated Jejedzeric, a station of Mr. Richard 
Brook's, December 27th to 29th, 1851 : — •" The descent from Jacob's point is a very 
long and tedious affair, but the view is magnificent ; from various points we got sight 
of the prominent peaks along the high ranges to the W. N. W. , one of which, the Cob- 
boras, bore W. by S. , and what I supposed to be mount Kosciusko bore N. 45° W. 
Next day, after prospecting, Ave moved on along the Snowy river, but finding it im- 
practicable to follow that river, owing to the effect of the late floods, we took to the 
ranges, and after some dangerous sidelings went right over a granite range, about 2000 
feet above, and made a descent upon, Moyangul river, about a mile and a half above the 
junction with the Snowy river. Next day, 14th, being Sunday, we camped on an un- 
comfortable slope, and had Divine service under a tree just over the river. Here 



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425 



began my late illness. The heat was insufferable, owing to the steam, and the flies 
almost an intolerable nuisance. Next day we ascended that terrible climb, Nine- 
mile pinch, an ascent of 4 miles, with only 9 breaks. The view from the top reminded 
me of many mountain scenes in Europe. The hills are very steep, cleft from top to 
bottom, but being chiefly of slate, are well timbered and grassed." 

NINE MILE WATERHOLE STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, 
Martel, Florent ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£32. 

NINGEAR LOWER STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Jones, Richard; 
area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31 Is. 

NINGEAR STATION {Bligh district) ; occupiers, Bundle and Parsons ; area, 
16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £81 17s. 6d. ; new 
appraisement, £90. 

NINGEE NAMBLA CREEK ( Co. St. Vincent) is a smaU creek on the E. side 
of the Shoalhaven river, rising to the N.E. of Marlow, and flowing N. into that 
river. Carbonaceous rock and limestone. 

NINGEE STATION (Wellington district) ; occupier, uncertain; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Nurri-merri. 

NINMEC0TTI STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, White, J. F. H. C. 
and E.; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32. 

NIRANGARILL STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Watt, D. ; estimated 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £50. 

NOBBY'S, 33° 55' 20" S. lat., 151° 50' 20" E. long. (Co. Northumberland), is a 
remarkable island, lying at the S. side of the entrance to the Hunter river, at New- 
castle. It is 92 feet in height, and about 90 yards in diameter at the top, and is now 
connected with the mainland by a breakwater half a mile in length, constructed to 
protect the shipping in port Hunter from the sea, which breaks heavily over it during 
the prevalence of the southerly gales. A lighthouse is erected on its top, shewing a 
fixed white light, at an elevation of 115 feet above sea level, and is visible for 18 
miles, on an arc of 166° from Wabung head S. 18° 22' W. round the E. horizon to 
Morna point N. 57° E. The tidal rise and fall is about 6 feet. For the geological for- 
mation, which is somewhat remarkable, see Newcastle. 

NOBBY'S LAGOON STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Weiss, William ; 
area, 17,000 acres; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Forbes. Charges, £31. 

NOB'S REEF (Co. King) is a cpaartz and alluvial diggings, on the Nob's creek, 
lying about 20 miles from the township of Laggan, on the road to Kangaloola and 
Tuena. Metamorphic slate. 

NODGUNGULLA CKEEK (Co. St. Vincent) is a small tributary of the lower 
end of the Corang river. Trap rock. 

N0EYANG0 LAKE {Co. Taila.) See Prooa Lake. 

NOGRIGAR CREEK {Co. Drake) is a small W. tributary of the Clarence river, 
flowing through scrubby pastoral country. Sandstone. 

NOLAN CREEK (Co. Gloucester) is a small E. tributary of the Williams river. 
Sandstone. 

N0MEBY STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Cox, George ; area, 
59,520 acres ; grazing capability, 1400 head of cattle. The old charges were £85 12s. 
6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £380. 

N0NAN POINT (Co. Northumberland). See Brisbane Water. 

N00ARY (or Nitre a) STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, McPhiUamy, 
Robert ; area, 8000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £20. 

N00CERA CREEK (Co. Murchison, Gwydir district) is a S. tributary of the 
Horton river, flowing into it at Eulowrie. It is fed by the Boomi creek. Upper 
palaeozoic. 



426 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



[Noo — Nor 



NOON AH STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Fitzgerald, Robert ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2080 bead of cattle. Tbe old cbarges were £130 ; 
tbe recently appraised rental is £225. 

N00NBAH STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, McLean, Jobn Donald ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 bead of cattle. Old cbarges, £32 ; new appraise* 
ment, £60. 

N00NTH0RANGEE, W., STATION {Albert district); occupier, Howitt, 
Alfred Win. ; area, 64, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sbeep. Cbarges, £30. 

N00NTH0RANGEE STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Miller, Henry, 
Hon. ; area, 96,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sbeep. Cbarges, £30. 

N0RAH (or Btjngaree) HEAD, 33° 16' S. lat., 151° 36' E. long. (Co. Northum- 
berland), is a beadland standing out into tbe ocean, on tbe peninsula which separates 
tbe N. part of tbe Tuggerab lake from tbe sea. It lies about 5 miles N. of tbe 
entrance. Sandstone. 

NORIE'S HEAD (Co. Rous) is a small promontory, lying about 2 miles N. of 
Hasting's point. Sandstone. 

N0R0NG0 STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, M'Guigan, Jobn ; area, 
10,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 bead of cattle. Cbarges, £60. 

NORTH ABB0TTSF0RD STATION [LacMan district); occupier, Taylor, 
William ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sbeep. Cbarges, £6. 

NORTH ANA BRANCH STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Fletcher, 
Dugald ; area, 38,400 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sbeep. Cbarges, £40. 

NORTH BARELLAN STATION (LacMan district) ; occupier, Gordon, Jobn ; 
area, 23,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sbeep. Cbarges, £30. 

NORTH BOLERO BLOCK (A) STATION (LacMan district) ; occupier, Julian, 
Ricbard ; area, 30,000 acres; grazing capability, 600 bead of cattle. Tbe nearest 
post town is Narrandera. Cbarges, £35. 

NORTH BOLERO STATION (LacMan district) ; occupier, Clark, Cbarles ; 
area, 25, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sbeep. Tbe nearest post town is Narran- 
dera. Cbarges, £32 10s. 

NORTH UBB ALONG STATION (LacMan district) ; occupier, Boyd, William ; 
area, 20, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 bead of cattle. Cbarges, £32. 

NORTHERN COAST RANGE (Macleay district) lies between tbe Clarence 
and Manning rivers, at an average distance of 35 miles from tbe coast. Its average 
elevation is about 3000 feet above tbe level of tbe sea ; but one peak, mount Sea 
View, rises to double tbis beigbt, being bigber tban any otber mountain to tbe N. of 
tbe Blue mountain range. Tbis range is well timbered witb cedar and otber fine 
woods, and consists mostly of ferruginous and carboniferous sandstone. 

NORTHERN GOLD FIELDS electorate comprises tbe mining districts of 
Rocky river, Peel river, upper Hunter, Bingara, Table Land, and Clarence, and 
returns 1 member to tbe Legislative Assembly, tbe present representative being G. F. 
Pickering, Esq. Tbe estimated number of electors in tbis district is 830, of wbom 
379 voted at tbe last general election, 1864-65. 

NORTH HARBOUR (native name, Kuxna) ( Co. Cumberland) is a wide open 
roadstead, lying on tbe N. of port Jackson, and to tbe W. of tbe N. bead. Tbere is 
good anchorage in Spring and Manly coves on tbe E. side, but tbe W. and middle 
parts are subject to a beavy sea, caused by tbe S.E. winds. Sandstone. 

NORTH HEAD, INNER (Co. Cumberland), is a lofty perpendicular rocky 
cliff, on tbe S.E. of tbe promontory known as tbe Nortb bead, and is, as its name 
imports, tbe inner N. bead of port Jackson. It is tbe rounding point of tbe entrance 
to tbe nortb harbour, and bas an elevation of about 260 feet above sea level. With 
the exception of a few broken rocks which lie immediately at its base, tbere is deep 
water close under it. This head stands nearly a mile due N. of the inner S. head, 
although the available entrance is less than tbree-quarters of a mile wide, owing to a 
reef of rocks running out in a N. direction from the base of tbe lighthouse on the 
latter head. The North head is situated in the Quarantine reserve. Sandstone. 



The New South Wales Gazetteer 



427 



NORTH HEAD, OUTER {Co. Northumberland), is the lofty perpendicular 
rocky peninsula which stands at the N. entrance of port Jackson, lying between the 
ocean on the E., and North harbour on the E., and connected with the main land by 
a narrow, low neck of sandy beach, on which the village of Manly (or Brighton) is 
built. This vast mass of sandstone rock towers majestically out of the water to a 
height of 264 feet, attaining at its highest point an altitude of 358 feet above sea 
level. The whole of the head, which is about a mile square, is reserved for 
quarantine purposes, the station being on Spring cove, upon its W. side. There is 
deep water close up to the rocks which lie at the base of the cliff. Sandstone. 

NORTH MILLIE STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Morehead 
and Young ; area, 32,000 acres; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. Charges, 
£73 15s. 

NORTH M0RAG0 STATION [Murrwmbidgee district) ; occupier, Officer, Wm.; 
area, 36,000 acres ; grazing capability, 10,000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

NORTH MURGrO STATION (Gvnjdir district) ; occupier, Dangar, Henry ; 
area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

NORTH 0REEL STATION [Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Dangar, Wil- 
liam ; estimated area, 38,400 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £150 3s. 

NORTH POINT {Co. Cumberland) is the N.E. point of the North head of port 
Jackson, which see. 

NORTH RICHMOND {Co. Cook). See Enfield. 

NORTHUMBERLAND is a maritime county ; bounded on the N. by the 
river Hunter ; on the W. by Wollombi creek to the junction of Parson's creek, by 
that creek to its head in the range dividing the waters of the Hawkesbury from those 
of the Hunter, by Wareing creek to its junction with the river Macdonald or lower 
branch of the Hawkesbury, and by the said lower branch to its junction with that 
river ; on the S. by the Hawkesbury to the sea coast, which forms the E. boundary. 
It is 68 miles in length, and 55 in breadth, and contains 1,498,880 acres. It is divided 
into the following 69 parishes : N. parishes — -Warkworth, Whittingham, Belford, 
Branxton, Gosforth, Maitland, Alnwick, Newcastle, Hexham, Stockrington, Heddon, 
Allandale, Stanford, Pokolbin, Eothbury, Ovingham, Vere, Wollombi, Broke, Har- 
rowby, Melbrodali ; S. parishes — Auburn, Wallambine, St. Albans, Mangrove,, 
Kooree, Spencer, Popran, Nowan, Narara, Eglington, Patonga, Gosford, Ourinbah, 
Tuggarahj Kincumber ; W. parishes — Gosgrove, Burton, Maruben, Werong, Fmchley, 
Bala, Burragurra, Lockyer, Dalton, Yango ; E. parishes — Mulbring, Mandolong, Coo- 
rumbung, Munmorah, Morrisset, Wallarah, Anaoa, Teralba, Kahibah ; and the central 
parishes — Blaxland, Coolamin, Millfield, Rugby, Hay, Cooraban, Stowe, Congewai, 
-dEllalong, Cessnock, Quarrybylong, Dora, Olney, Wyong. Northumberland contains 
15,362 acres of unsold church and school lands. The number of freehold landholders 
in this county is 1 140, and of leaseholders 905. The extent of land in cultivation is 
25,7744 acres. Under wheat there are 3761^ acres; under maize, 15,374| acres ; under 
barley, 261 1 acres; under oats, 5601 acres; under tobacco, 86 acres; and under 
vine, 120 acres. Live stock: 14,289, horses ; 39,144, horned cattle; 29,254, sheep ; 
and 15,848 pigs. 

NORTHUMBERLAND electoral district embraces the N. E. portion of the 
county of Northumberland, and a S. portion of the county of Gloucester ; and is 
bounded on the N. from a point on the sea shore, in a line with the N. boundary of J. 
Smith's 640 acres, by that line, Smith's N. boundary line, the S. boundary of Ken- 
neth Snodgrass' 1120 acres, and the E. boundary of W. Russell's 1155 acres, to Ful- 
lerton cove ; by Fullerton cove and the river Hunter to the S.E. corner of the parish 
of Alnwick, and by the S. boundary of that parish to a point in line with the W. 
boundary of Francis Moran's 2460 acres grant ; thence on the W. by a line bearing 
S.W. to the Sugar Loaf mountain, and by the Sugar Loaf range to the source of 
Dora creek ; on the south by Dora creek and a line E. from its mouth, through lake 
Macquarie, to the sea at Reid's Mistake ; and on the E. by the sea to a point in a line 
with Smith's N. boundary line aforesaid ; but excluding therefrom the electoral dis- 
trict of Newcastle. This electorate returns 1 member to the Legislative Assembly, 
the present representative being A. A. P. Tighe, Esq. The number of registered 
electors in this district is 1834, of whom 1014 voted at the last general election. 



428 



The Nev) South Wales Gazetteer. [Nor — Nua 



NORTH WARDRY STATION {Lachlan^istrict) ; occupiers, Power, Power, 
and Ainslee ; area, 30,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

NORTH WH0EY STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Boyd, William ; 
area, 51,200 acres; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Charges, £32. 

NORWOOD ( Co. Cumberland) is a residential suburb of Sydney, lying on the 
Parramatta road, "between Camperdown and Petersham. There is a nursery in the 
village. Sandstone. 

NOTTINGHAM FOREST STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, unknown ; 
area, 20,640 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £25. 

N0TT MOUNT {Co. Forbes) is a lofty peak of the rugged ranges, lying to the 
S. of the Lachlan river, about 20 miles S.E. of Forbes, and on the E. of the road 
from that place to Young. Granite and limestone. 

NOWENDOC LOWER STATION {New England district) ; occupiers, Denne, 
W. and Rich, U. ; area, 30,000 acres; grazing capability, 10,000 sheep. Charges, 
£31 Is. 

N0WEND0C RIVER {Co. Macquarie) is a fine stream, rising in the rugged 
country, near Nowendoc, which township it waters on its course to the Manning 
river, into which it falls. Below Nowendoc it divides itself into two branches, which, 
however, rejoin each other after a course of about 16 miles. The N. branch is known 
as the Cooperacurraba river, and is fed by the Mummel river. The Nowendoc is fed 
by Rowley's river. Sandstone, shale, and limestone. 

N0WER0NIE STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Glass, H. ; area, 
33, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The old charges were £60 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £197 3s. 

ROWLAND'S CREEK {Co. Gresham) is a small S. tributary of the Sara river, 
flowing through rugged pastoral land. Sandstone. 

N0WLEY, E., STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Bucknell, C. W.; 
-area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31. 

N0WLEY, W., STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Bucknell, C. 
W.; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31. 

NOWRA, 34° 53' S. lat., 150° 30' E. long. {Co. St. Vincent), is a postal township, 
in the parish of Nowra, and electoral and police districts of Shoalhaven. It is 
situated on the Shoalhaven river, 113 miles S. of Sydney, 2 miles N.E. of the Nowra 
creek, and 9 miles E. of Salt Water creek. Nowra is an agricultural and pastoral 
district, most of the alluvial flats being taken up by small tenant farmers. The 
nearest places are Terara, 2 miles N.E. ; Burrier, 13 miles W. ; and Tomerong, 14 
miles S. ; with these places the communication is by horse or dray only, and with 
Sydney, 113 miles N. over the Shoalhaven river on the punt, and to Kiama by horse, 
thence by coach, via Wollongong, to Liverpool, and thence by rail, or from Kiama by 
steamer. Another, and the easiest route, is by the steamer from Greenwell punt 
(Shoalhaven), 4 miles E. ; the former route is, however, the favorite one for tourists, 
as being pleasant and romantic. Nowra has a post office, a court house (where petty 
sessions and district courts are held), a vested National school, and 2 hotels, the Nowra 
(Clarke's), and the Greenhills (Fulham's), from the latter of which a vehicle meets 
the steamer from Sydney ; this vehicle can also be hired to take passengers to any 
place in the neighbourhood. The surrounding district consists of fiats, lying back 
from the river, and bounded by rugged and densely timbered ranges, wooded with 
valuable trees, chiefly gum and ironbark. The geological formation is carbonaceous 
sandstone. The population numbers about 350 persons, mostly farmers and settlers, 
on the river flats. 

NOWRA CREEK {Co. St. Vincent) is a small S. tributary of the lower part of 
the Shoalhaven river, flowing through the township of Nowra, and past good agri- 
cultural land, much of which is taken up by settlers. The works of the Messrs. de 
Mestre are situated on this creek. Ferruginous sandstone. 

NUANDLE STATION {Neiv England district); occupiers, Cooper and Blaxland; 
area, 70,000 acres ; grazing capability, 15,000 sheep. The old charges were £173 5s. ; 
the recently appraised rental is £229. 



Nub — Num] 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



429 



NTJBBA STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Edward Ryan; estimated 
area, 12,160 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£50 ; the recently appraised rental is £115. 

NTJBRIGYU CREEK {Co. Wellington) is a S. tributary of the Stony creek. 
Metamorphie slate and schist. 

NUGGETTY GULLY {Co. Wellington) is a small diggings on the Louisa creek 
gold field, lying about 4 miles E. of the township of Windeyer. Trap rock. 

NUGGETTY GULLY CREEK {Co. Wellington) is an auriferous tributary of 
the Burraba creek, flowing in the rugged country to the E. of the Louisa creek gold 
fields. The geological formation is micaceous chist and slaty shale, with quartz 
ridges, and occasional dykes of trappean rock. 

NULLAMANNA STATION {Neio England district) ; occupier, Wyndham, 
Geo. ; estimated area, 30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges 
were £60 ; the recently appraised rental is £105. 

NULLA-NULLA CREEK STATION {Macleay district) ; occupiers, Saner, 
Henry; area, 11,520 acres; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. Charges, £10. 

NULLA-NULLA CREEK {Co. Dudley) is a small N. tributary of the Macleay 
river. Sandstone. 

NULLING MOUNT {Co. Wellington) is a peak in the rugged hilly country to 
the S.W. of Mudgee, from which place it lies about 5 miles S.W., and at the head of 
the Grattai creek. Trap rock. 

NTJLL0 MOUNT {Co. Phillip) is a high peak of the Hunter range, lying on 
the E. bank of the Widdin brook, about 25 miles N.W. of Dabee. It attains an 
elevation of about 2500 feet above sea level. Ferruginous sandstone. 

NUMBA (or Shoalhaven) ( Co. St. Vincent) is a postal village in the parish of 
Numba, and electoral and police districts of Shoalhaven. It is situated on the S. bank 
of the Shoalhaven river, on the main road between Kiama and Ulladulla, about 5 
miles W. of where the Shoalhaven river flows into the sea, and opposite the junction 
of the Broughton creek with that river, both creek and river being navigable. Mt. 
Coolangatta, a lofty peak rising 1000 feet above sea level, lies 3 miles N.E., the 
estate and residence of the Messrs. Berry lying at its base. Numba is situated in an 
agricultural and pastoral district, and has one windmill. The village of Terara lies 
3 miles W. on the main road to Ulladulla ; the village of Bomadary 4 miles W. by 
N. ; and Nowra, the government* township, 6 miles S.W. The village of Greenweil 
point lies 7 miles S.E. on the Crookhaven, and is the place where the Sydney steamers 
stop. There is a spring cart running twice a week between Greeowell Point and 
Nowra, via Numba ; also a river steamer from the former place to Terrara. With 
Bomadary, the communication is by horse and dray only. With Sydney, 108 miles 
N., the communication is by steamer twice a week from Greenweil point. There is 
1 hotel at Numba, the Royal. There is a post and money order office, 1 store, a 
public pound, and a court house and court of petty sessions each alternate week. 
There is also a punt over the Shoalhaven river at Numba, connecting the N. and S. 
sides of the river. The surrounding country is principally low and flat, large portions 
of it being subject to inundation from the overflow of the Shoalhaven river. Much 
of the low land is under cultivation by small farmers, tenants to the Messrs. Berry, 
who own a large tract of land in the district. The geological formation is ferruginous 
sandstone. The population of the village numbers about 200 persons, although that 
of the surrounding agricultural country is much greater. 

NUMBLA STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Napier, Robert ; area* 
10,000 acres; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. Charges, £96 17s. 6d. 

NUMERALLA (or EumarellaJ, 36° 9' S. lat., 149° 27' E. long. {Co. Beresford), 
is a postal township, in the parish of Numeralla, electoral and police districts of 
Cooma. It is situated at the junction of the Bigbadja and Numeralla rivers, the 
Kybean river joining the latter at a distance of about 2 miles S. from the township. 
The Bigbadja mountain lies about 20 miles E. The district is almost entirely a 

Sastoral one, the land not being to any extent fit for agricultural purposes, as the 
eepest part of the flats are very narrow, and subject to floods, and the ranges are 
barren and unproductive, grass scarcely being found upon them. Gold is found on the 



430 



The Xew South Wales Gazetteer. 



[Num — Nur 



banks of the river, at the' boundary of the township, and for 2 miles N. ; also at the 
Bigbadja, 4 miles E. from the town, not, however, to any great extent in either 
place, although a few men are making wages at both. The nearest places are Cooma, 
20 miles W. , and Ximmitibel, 25 miles S. With both places the communication is on 
horseback only, the mails being conveyed in that manner. With Sydney, 316 miles 
RE., the communication is by coach from Cooma to Picton, via Goulburn/and thence 
by rail. There are no hotels in Numeralla, the nearest being at Cooma. The sur- 
rounding country is mountainous, with rugged and sparsely timbered ridges. The 
geological formation is porphyritic granite, schist, and slate. The population is very 
small, and fluctuating. 

NUMERALLA STATIOX {Monaro district) ; occupier, Lacy, D. ; area, 7000 

.acres ; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. Charges, £25. 

NUMERALLA STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Montague, A ; area, 
17,920 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £105. 

NUMERELLA STATIOX [Monaro district) • occupier, Stephens, Ann ; area, 
76S0 acres ; grazing capability, 150 head of cattle. Charges, £27 0s. 8d. 

NUNDAWAR (Nambbwar or Hard wick) RANGE {Liverpool plains district) 
is a branch of the Xew England range, commencing near its S. extremity, and. 
extending for a considerable distance in a X. W. direction. Its highest point, mount 
Lindsay, is about 3000 feet above the level of the sea. The formation is generally 
metamorphic, with vast precipices of red trap rock, and basaltic columns. The hills 
are covered with forest, and surrounded by undulating grassy plains 25 miles wide, and 
timbered with boxwood and gum. Some of the summits of the range are exceedingly 
picturesque ; amongst them may be specially mentioned the 2 " Haystacks" and 
Xingadoon, or Castle Top, the latter deriving its name from a rock by which it is 
crowned, which rock presents an extraordinary resemblance to the keep of a ruediceval 
castle. 

NUNDLE CREEK ( Co. Hardinge, New England district) is a W. auriferous 
territory of the Gwydir river, rising near the road from Bendemeer to Inverell. It is 
fed by the Stonybatter creek, which falls into it at its head, near the village of Stony- 
batter. The geological formation is upper paleeozoic with serpentine charged with 
chromate of iron and greenstone diorite. 

NUNDLE, 31° 30' S. lat., 151° 5' E. long. {Co. Parry), is a postal town in the 
parish of Xundle, electoral district of Liverpool plains, and police district of Tani- 
worth. It is situated on the confluence of the Xundle creek and the Peel river, 11 
miles from the Baruett waters. The district is an agricultural one, with alluvial and 
quartz workings in the neighbourhood ; the nearest diggings are Bowling Alley point, 
8 miles distant, on the Peel rirer. Xundle has a good steam flour mill, generally at 
work. The nearest places are Goonoo-Goonoo, 22 miles ; Tamworth (the nearest 
telegraph station), 37 miles ; and Wallabadah, 35 miles distant. With these places 
there is communication by horse and dray only, along a road sadly in want of repair. 
A good road from this place to Walcha, on which traffic could be carried on with 
Xew England, would greatly benefit the district. With Sydney, 261 miles S.E., the 
communication is from Wallabadah by coach to Singleton, thence by rail to New- 
castle, and thence by steamer. There is a post and money order office, and a small 
debts court held every alternate month in Xundle. There are 5 hotels, Lambert's, 
WethereU's, Leggar's, McHweens, and M'Clelland's. The surrounding country is 
generally mountainous, with undulating plains of good pastoral country. The geo- 
logical formation is hornblendic granite and metamorphic slate. The population numbers 
about 500 persons. The quantity of gold received by escort from the Xundle gold 
fields during the year 1864, was 8476 ozs., which, at £3 15s. Sd. per oz., was of the 
total value of £32,070 4s. 5d. During the year 1864 were sold 631 miners' rights, 54 
business licenses, and 7 leases, under which latter 1100 yards of quartz vein were let. 

NUNDLE CREEK {Co. Parry) is a small E. auriferous tributary of the head of 
the Peel river, rising in the X.W. slope of the Hanging rock, and flowing X.W. 
through the Hanging rock diggings, about 12 miles. Upper and middle palaeozoic. 

NUNG0 STATIOX {Albert district) ; occupier, Brown, Charles; area, 64, 000 acres; 
grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 5s. 

NURANGY LAKE {Cj. Rous) is a small saltwatsr lagoon, formed by a X. ex- 



Nur — Oak] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



431 



pansion of the estuary of the Tweed river. It is fed by the Duroby creek. Sandy 
drift. 

NURRABRY STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Doyle, J. F., 
Alfred, J.; area, 44,800 acres; grazing capability, 2000 sheep and 1000 head of cattle. 
Charges, £81 17s. 6d. 

NURSERY CREEK {Co. Cowley) is a small tributary of the Gugenby river, 
rising in the undulating pastoral country between the Murrumbidgee river and the 
Bimberi range, and flowing E. about 6 miles. Metamorphic slate. 

NURUNG CAP {Co. Harden) is a pass over some high rugged country, on the 
Nurung station, and in the parish of the same name. Granite and limestone. 

NYANG STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Learmonth, Thomas ; 
estimated area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 12,000 sheep. The old charges were 
£120 ; the recently appraised rental is £315. 

NYEMBDIE STATION {Clarence district) ; occupier, Ingelow, C. K. ; area, 
12,000 acres ; grazing capability, 680 head of cattle. Charges, £60. 

NYINGAN BACK STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Brown, John ; 
area, 32,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31 Is. 6d. 

NYINGAY STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Trust and Agency 
company ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 12,000 sheep. Charges, £67. 

NYMB0IDA {Co. Fitzroy) is a small hamlet on the Nymboi river, round which 
a few settlers are located. It lies about 24 miles S. W. of Grafton. There is a ford 
over the river at this place. Sandstone and limestone. 

NYMBOI RIVER {Cos. Drake, Gresham, and Fitzroy) is a fine large tributary 
of the Clarence river, formed by the confluence of the Don Dorrigo and Cloud's creek, 
near Nymboida. It flows in a N. direction, and is fed by the Blaxland's, Boyd, Boun- 
dary, Doughboy, and Cunglebung Creeks, and the Boyd and Mitchell rivers. Sandstone 
and limestone. 

NYMGUN, E., STATION {Wellington district) ; occupier, Kerr, Andrew; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £30 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £30. 

NYMGUN, W., STATION Wellington district) ; occupier, Brady, Charles ; 
area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £34 4s. ; 
the recently appraised rental is £30. 

NYRANG CREEK ( Co. Ashburnham) is a small N. tributary of the Belubula 
river, falling into it about 8 miles below Canowindra. Metamorphic slate and 
limestone. 

OAK CREEK ( Co. Buccleugh) is a S. tributary of the Murrumbidgee river, 
rising in Paddy's Rock hill, and flowing N.W. and W. about 18 miles, through rugged 
country. It is fed by Yellow Clay and Spring creeks. Granite and trap rock. 

OAK CREEK ( Co. Harden) a small N. tributary of the Murrumbidgee river, 
flowing to the S.W. about 4 miles in the plain lying to the S.W. of Bogolong. 
Limestone and slate. 

OAKEY CREEK {Co. Ashburnham) is a small S. tributary of the Bowrimbla 
creek. Limestone and slate. 

OAKEY CREEK {Co. Bathurst) is a small N. tributary of the Lachlan river, 
rising in and draining the scrubby and swampy country in the S. of the county, near 
the mouth of the Abercrombie river. Lower palaeozoic. 

OAKEY CREEK {Co. Darling) is a small E. tributary of Maule's creek, flowing 
through rich undulating pastoral country, lightly wooded, and finely grassed. 
Basalt, with deep black alluvial deposit. 

Also a small tributary of Tarporley creek, flowing through good pastoral country 
3 W. of Barraba. Hornblendic granite. 

OAKEY CREEK {Co. Dudley) is one of the heads of the Styx river, which see. 
OAKEY CREEK {Co. King) is a small E. tributary of the Ho veil creek, rising 
mount Darling, and flowing W. about 4 miles. Limestone and shales. 



432 



TJie New South Wales Gazetteer. [Oak — Obe 



OAKEY CREEK {Co. Murray), a small E. tributary of the Murrumbidgee river, 
having two heads. It drains the grassy plains which lie to the S. of Yass. Lime- 
stone and slate. 

OAKEY CREEK ( Co. Napier) is a postal village in the electoral district of the 
Bogan, and police district of Dubbo. It is situated on the Oakey creek, the Castle- 
reagh river being 50 miles W., Coolah creek 17 miles S., and Bomera creek 12 miles 
N. Round mountain lies 5 miles N.W., and Dean's mountain about 4 miles W. 
The entire district is pastoral. The nearest towns are Coolah, 17 miles 
S. ; Mudgee, 84 miles S. W. ; Gunnedah, 60 miles N. ; Tamworth, 88 
miles N. ; Dubbo, 107 miles S. W. ; and Coonabarabran, 60 miles N.W. 
With these places the communication is by horse or dray only, and with 
Sydney, 241 miles S. E. , by coach from Gunnedah or Tamworth to Singleton, thence 
to Newcastle by rail, and thence by coach ; or from Dubbo by coach to Penrith, and 
thence by rail. There is 1 hotel, the Blacksmiths' Arms. The surrounding country 
is elevated and mountainous, the Liverpool range lying to the E. There is a store and 
blacksmith's shop in the village, and a post office at the head station (see Oakey creek 
station). The population numbers about 40 persons. Granite, with deep alluvial 
drift. 

OAKEY CREEK (Co. Napier, Bligh district) is a N. tributary of the Weetalaba 
creek, rising in the Boogamurra plains. Basalt, with alluvial deposit. 

OAKEY CREEK {Co. Roxburgh) is a small auriferous stream, rising in the 
Wattle flat gold field, and flowing N. along a rugged valley into the Turon river, about 
a mile E. of the township of Sofala. The geological formation is sandstone, limestone, 
and slate, with occasional outcropping quartz ridges. 

OAKEY CREEK {Co. Wellington) is a small W. tributary of Lewis' ponds 
creek, rising in the Mullions range. Sandstone and clay shale. 

OAKEY CREEK STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Allison, James M. ; 
area, 38,400 acres ; grazing capability, uncertain. The nearest post town is Oakey 
creek. Charges, £40. 

OAK FOREST STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Robertson and 
Landale ; area, 30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Moulamein. Charges, £30 10s. 

OAKS ( Co. Camden). See Vanderville. 

OAKS CREEK ( Co. Buccleugh) is a small E. tributary of the Adjungbilli creek, 
running in the S. W. portion of the Yass plains. Limestone and slate. 

0AKVALE ( Co. Northumberland) is an agricultural district, lying on the road 
from Maitland to mount Vincent, about equidistant (8 miles) between the two places. 
It contains a wayside inn, the Oakvale inn, and has a scattered population of small 
settlers surroiinding it. Sandstone and fiuviatile deposit. 

0AKW00D STATION {New England district) ■ occupier, Pension, William ; 
area, 30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£38 lis. 3d. ; the recently appraised rental is £50. 

0ATGRASS CREEK (Co. Ashburnham) is a small N. tributary of the Billa- 
bong creek, flowing through rough and undulating pastoral country. Lower palaeozoic. 

OBAN STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Dickson, James ; area, 
44,800 acres ; grazing capability, 1350 head of cattle. Old charges, £3 5s. 8d. ; new 
appraisement, £60. 

OBELISK BAY (Co. Cumberland) is a small rocky bay, with a sandpatch at its 
head, lying on the N. shore of port Jackson, and between Middle and George's heads. 
There is a small shoal patch, having 18 feet of water upon it at the entrance of this 
bay. Sandstone. 

OBELISK NORTH AND SOUTH MOUNTAINS (Cos. Bous and Butter) is 
the name given to two lofty peaks, spreading in a S. direction from Macpherson'a 
range, and lying on the W. bank of the Tooloom river, near Coult's station. The N. 
Obelisk is also known by the native name of Mearimba, and the S. Obelisk as Coola- 
june. Sandstone and outcropping granite. 

0BERNE HILL (Co. Wynyard) is a peak in a range of scrubby hills, lying 



Obe — O'Co] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



433 



between the Nakie-Nakie and Tarcutta creeks, at the head of the Stock Yard creek. 
Granite and trap rock. 

OBERNE STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Darby, C. Bardwell ; 
estimated area, 45,000 acres; grazing capability, 1280 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £80 ; the recently appraised rental is £120. 

OBERNE STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Garvin, George ; area, 
8640 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Charges, £40 ; new appraise- 
ment, £15. 

0BER0N (or Fish River Creek) ( Co. Westmoreland) is a small postal township 
in the parish of Oberon, electoral district of E. Macquarie, and police district of Bathurst. 
It is situated on the Fish river creek, the Duckmoloi, Race course, King's, and Wise- 
man's creeks flowing in the neighbourhood. The Glyndwr steam mills (Whalan's) 
adjoins the township, which is situated in an agricultural district ; the Native Dog 
creek and Brisbane valley diggings, both alluvial, being, respectively, 8 and 7 miles 
W. The nearest places are O'Connell town, 12 miles ; Rockley, 20 miles W. ; Bathurst, 
30 miles N.W. ; and Hartley, 25 miles E., with which places there is communication 
by horse or dray only, the mail being conveyed on horseback. With Sydney, 147 
miles W.N.W., the communication is by Cobb's coach from any of those places to 
Penrith, and thence by rail. There is 1 hotel in the township, called the Wheatsheaf 
inn. The surrounding country consists of a table land, surrounded by mountains and 
heavily timbered. The geological formation is hornblendic granite, with basaltic rock, 
clay slate, and numerous quartz reefs. The population numbers about 30 persons. 

0BILLA STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, McCulloch, Thomas ; area, 
26,000 acres; grazing capability, 7000 sheep. The old charges were £81 17s. 6d.; 
the recently appraised rental is £100. 

OBLEY, 32° 35' S. lat., 148° 40' E. long. (Co. Gordon), is a postal village, in the 
parish of Obley, electoral district of the Bogan, and police district of Dubbo. It is 
situated on the Mary, or Little river, on the main line of road between Sydney and 
fort Bourke, distant 208 miles N.W. from Sydney, and 300 S.E. from fort Bourke. 
The Draway creek flows into the Little river 1 mile N. of the township, and the 
Buckinbar creek lies about 7 miles E. , the country being undulating and well adapted 
for agricultural purposes, although mostly taken up by squatting stations. The 
nearest places are Wellington, 28 miles E. ; Dubbo, 35 miles N. ; and Molong, 40 
miles S. E. , on the main line of road to Sydney, there being no public means of con- 
veyance to those places, and the mail being carried on horseback. The communication 
with Sydney, 208 miles, is by coach from Molong to Orange thrice a week, thence 
daily to Penrith, and thence by rail. Obley has a post office, a police station, and a 
Presbyterian church (just erected). The first sale of land in the village took place in 
July, 1863. The hotels are the Obley and the Post Office. The surrounding country 
is elevated and mountainous, there being a bold precipitous range of hills on the E. 
side of the village, rising abruptly from the river, and extending along its course for 
several miles. These hills are generally formed of granite. The population numbers 
about 30 persons, and the number of dwellings 7. 

O'BRIEN'S CREEK (Co. Wynyard) is a W. tributary of the Kiambla creek, 
flowing N.E. through the swampy lightly timbered pastoral country S. of the Mur- 
rumbidgee river. It is fed by the Pilgalala (or Sugar Loaf) and the Gregaap creeks. 
Granite and trap rock. 

O'BRIEN'S CREEK STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Donnelly, 
John ; area, 49,280 acres ; grazing capability, 7000 sheep. The old charges were £70 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £150. 

O'CONNELL (Co. Westmoreland) is a postal township, in the electoral district 
of E. Macquarie, and police district of Bathurst. It is situated on the Fish river, 
the Blue mountain range being about 20 miles distant. The district is agricultural, 
pastoral, and alluvial mining, there being one steam flour mill in the township. 
Bathurst is the nearest place, being 12 miles distant, there being no regular means of 
conveyance, and the mails being carried on horseback twice a week. With Sydney, 
the communication is by Cobb and Co.'s coaches from Bathurst, the distance being 
125 miles. There is a church of England, and a non-vested National school ; also, 2 
hotels, the Plough inn and the Willow Glen. The surrounding country ia moun- 



Tlie New South Wales Gazetteer. 



fO'Co— Ona 



tainous, and the geological formation is sandstone and shale. The population num- 
bers about 300 persons. 

O'CONNELL CRESCENT {Co. Cumberland) is a small agricultural settlement, 
situated in the parish of Petersham. It is a part of Camperdown, and is situated on 
the Cook's river road, about 3 miles from Sydney. Sandstone. 

O'CONNELL TOWN {Co. Cumberland) is situated in the parish of Petersham, 
and is a village comprising a part of Camperdown, and situated on the Cook's river 
road, about 3 miles from Sydney, containing a few inhabitants. There is a neat 
Episcopalian church, dedicated to St. Stephen, also a Baptist chapel in the village. 

OGUNBIL (or Dungowan) CREEK {Co. Parry) is an E. auriferous tributary 
of the Peel river, rising in the W. slope of the Australian Alps, near the junction of 
the Moonbi range, and flowing N.W. about 50 miles through rough pastoral country. 
Upper and middle palaeozoic. 

OHIO CREEK {Co. Vernon) is a N. tributary of the Apsley river, rising in the 
Ohio peak, and flowing S. into the Apsley on the E. of the township of Walcha. It 
is fed by the Bergen-op-Zoom and Grose creeks. Granite and slate. 

OHIO HILL {Co. Inglis) is a lofty peak of the New England range, lying about 
8 miles N. of Walcha. It attains an altitude of 3579 feet above the level of the sea, 
and is thickly timbered and scrubbed. Sandstone. 

OHIO STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Nivison, Abraham ; area, 
8960 acres ; grazing capability, 1280 head of cattle. The old charges were £26 16s. ; 
the recently appraised rental is £75. 

OLD BIAMBLE STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Walker, Mrs. Robina ; 
estimated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. The old charges were 
£30 ; the recently appraised rental is £33. 

OLD BOUNDARY STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Ligar, C. W. ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

OLD BREELONGr STATION {Bligh district); occupiers, Healy andM'Ewen ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

OLDBURY ( Co. Camden) is a small agricultural hamlet, situated about 3 miles 
from Sutton forest, and having a small farming population and a steam flour mill. 

OLD JUGrlONGr HILL (Co. Harden) is a high hill, lying on the N. bank of 
the Murrumbidgee river, within the town boundary of Jugiong. Granite and lime- 
stone. 

OLD MAN'S CREEK {Co. King) is a drainage creek of the N. of the Yass 
plains, flowing N.E. into the upper part of the Lachlan river, after a course of about 
12 miles through good pastoral country. Limestone and shales. 

OLD MAN'S PLAINS BOONOOK STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occu- 
pier, Butchart, James ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, 
£76. 

OLD SNOWY CREEK {Co. Buccleugh) is one of the heads of the Bumbolee 
creek, rising in the precipitous country to the S. of the Red hill, and flowing S.W. 
Granite and trap rock. 

OLLERA STATION {New England district); occupiers, Everett, G., J., and 
Edwin; area, 74,800 acres; grazing capability, 1280 head, of cattle and 8000 sheep. 
The old charges were £160 ; the recently appraised rental is £201 12s. 

OMADALE CREEK {Co. Gloucester) is an E. tributary of the head of the 
Hunter river, flowing past the S. side of Omadale hilL Sandstone. 

OMALEAH CREEK ( Cos. Buckland and Pottinger) is a W. tributary of the 
Conadilly river, rising to the W. of mount Parry, and flowing N. E. through rugged 
pastoral country. Upper and middle palaeozoic. 

ONAL CREEK {Co. Gloucester) is a small drainage creek, flowing into port 
Stephens on its N. shore. Sandstone. 

0NANNA HILL (Co. Wellington) is a lofty solitary hill, lying on the W. side 



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of the road from Orange to Molong, and on the E. bank of the Molong ereen 
Micaceous schist and granite. 

ONDYONGr POINT {Co. Argyle) is a piece of land in the parish of Collector, 
projecting into lake George on the E. shore, and lying about 5 miles to the N. of 
Kenny's point. Sandstone. 

ONEBOBBY NEW STATION (Bligh district) ; occupiers, Ryrie and Alexander ; 
area, 12,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old charges, £40 ; new- 
appraisement, £65. 

ONE TREE HILL {Co. Beresford) is a high mountain, lying on the W. side of 
the road from Nimmitibel to Cooma, about 34 miles N.W. of the former place. The 
geological formation is calcareous trap rock, with tufaceous deposits, producing a 
recent conglomerate, in which an impure lime cements fragments of quartz and trap. 

ONE-TREE HILL (Co. Cook), is an agricultural settlement, a small village, and 
an intended railway station on the Great Western Railway, situated 6 miles S.E. 
from the township of Hartley. Sandstone. 

ONE TREE HILL (Co. Welhsley) is a peak of the Sherwin range, lying on the 
Bungee creek. Metamorphic slate and basalt. 

ONE TREE REACH (Cos. Cumberland and Northumberland) is a part of the 
Hawkesbury river below Wiseman's ferry. The land on both sides is alluvial, and 
much of it under cultivation by small settlers. Sandstone and shales. 

ONION POINT (Co. Cumberland) is the name given to the W. head of the Lane 
Cove river, lying on the N. side of the Parramatta river, nearly N. of Cockatoo island. 
There is a ferry at this point, on the road from Hunter's hill to St. Leonards. Sand- 
stone. 

ONUS CREEK (Co. Buchland) is a small S. tributary of Jack's creek, flowing 
N. through the Australian Agricultural Co. 's grant of 249,600 acres. Upper and 
middle palaeozoic. 

OOLONG CREEK (Co. King) is a small stream forming one of the heads of the 
Lachlan river, and flowing N. into the Jerrawa creek, through the township of Dalton. 
The country it waters is undulating and well grassed. Limestone and slate. 

00MA CREEK (Co. Forbes) is a S. tributary of the Lachlan river, rising in and 
flowing through the Lachlan gold fields, and running W.N.W. into the main stream, a 
few miles W. of the township of Forbes. The lower portion of this ereek expands 
into a large swamp or lagoon in wet weather, which is crossed by the road to Wagga- 
Wagga from Forbes. Granite, trap rock, and quartz-bearing slate. 

OPEN SWAMP (Co. Wellesley) is a tract of swampy country, lying on the S.E. 
of the county, and on the E. road to Gipps land. It is situated in the broken, 
pastoral country under Bare hill, and receives the overflow of the Maharatta creek, 
expanding into a lagoon in rainy seasons. Metamorphic slate and basalt. 

OPHIR, 33° 3' S. lat., 149° 22' E. long. (Co. Wellington), is a postal mining town- 
ship in the electoral and police districts of Orange. It is situated near the Summer hill 
creek, which takes its rise at Frederick's valley, and passes at a distance of 3 miles E. 
of the township, and near the Lewis' ponds. The Macquarie river is 9 miles distant 
in a straight line ; although from the tortuous character of the stream it is a distance 
of 26 miles down the Summer hill creek. Ophir is the oldest gold field in New- 
South Wales ; the precious metal having been first discovered by Mr Hargreaves in 
the bed of the Summer hill creek. The surrounding hills consist chiefly of trap 
rock, underneath which are heavy layers of water- worn quartz, all more or less 
rich in auriferous deposit. Several small round hills have been worked for a number 
of years, and lately another has been opened, which extends for about 7 miles, and 
promises well. The district is surrounded by sheep and cattle stations, and there are 
also several nice farms of small extent in the neighbourhood of the town. The 
nearest places are Orange, distant 16 miles W. ; Bathurst, 36 miles S. ; and Stony 
creek, 32 miles N. ; the communication being by horse or dray. With Sydney the 
communication is by horse to Bathurst, via Swallow creek, and along a good road, 
thence by Cobb's coach^to Penrith, and thence by rail. The distance is 154 miles ; or, 
via Orange, 170 miles. Ophir has a post office, 4 stores, and several shops ; also L 



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hotel, the Digger's Home. There are no coach or carrying offices, but drays are 
continually passing through the town for all the neighbouring places. The surrounding 
country is mountainous, and surrounded by slate and quartz ridges, and hills of 
trappean formation, with heavy underlying strata of water-worn quartz, the beds of 
which are, in some instances, 30 feet thick. The population, which is a variable one, 
averages about 150 Europeans and 200 Chinese. There are fine veins of copper in the 
district, and a mine ; the old Ophir mine has yielded large returns. A new mine 
(Icely's}, adjoining the old Ophir, has been worked some time, and continues to give 
very great promise. Several fine lodes have been opened upon, some of which are of 
great size, and are yielding very rich ore, particularly one which runs from the Ophir 
mine, and is believed to be part of the lode formerly worked. At present the num- 
ber of men employed is but limited, but certain Melbourne capitalists have recently 
entered into the speculation, and before very long the mining, &c, will be carried on 
very extensively. 

OPOSSUM POINT STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Richards, 
Mary; estimated area, 33,000 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £33 8s. 9d. ; the recently appraised rental is £12 10s. 

OPPOSITE DERRIBONG STATION (Wellington district); occupier, Kerr, 
Andrew ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £32 ; the recently appraised rental is £32. 

ORANGE, 33° 10' S. lat., 149° 10' E. long. (Co. Wellington), is a postal and 
municipal township, in the electoral and police district of Orange. It is situated on 
the Blackman's Swamp creek, the Macquarie river flowing at a distance of about 15 
miles N., and the Canobolas mountains standing about 20 miles S.W. Orange has 6 
flour mills, 3 in the township and 3 in the surrounding district, which is one of the 
finest agricultural ones in the colony. Gold and copper are found in the district, the 
Ophir and Wentworth workings being the principal gold diggings, and the old Ophir, 
Icely's Carangara, Cadiangullong, and Canobolas, the principal copper mines. From 
these mines 1800 tons of ore, of the value of £14,600 were taken during the year 1864. 
The nearest places are Molong, 22 miles N.W.; Carcoar, 25 miles S.; Bathurst, 35 
miles E. ; and Lucknow, 5 miles E. Mail coaches run daily, to and from Bathurst 
and Wellington, and to Molong and Stony creek, thrice per week. With the other 
places there is communication only by horse and dray. With Sydney, 154 miles, the 
communication is by daily mail coaches to Penrith, via Bathurst, and thence by rail. 
There are no charitable institutions at present in the township, arrangements are, 
however, being made for the erection of a hospital. There is a post and money order 
office, a telegraph station, a court house for the petty and quarter sessions and district 
court, a mechanic's institute, and public library. There is a Masonic lodge (Ophir lodge, 
759, E. C. ), and the Star of the West, Odd Fellows' lodge. There are branches of the 
Commercial, City, and Savings' banks, and of the Colonial, United, Sydney, 
Liverpool and London and Globe, and Australian Mutual Provident Insurance 
companies ; also a branch of the New South Wales Bible Society. The hotels 
are the Coach and Horses, Miners' arms, Wellington, Glenlee, Rising Star, 
Royal, O'Connell, Commercial, Black Bull, and Prince of Wales. Orange has 2 
newspapers, the Orange Guardian and the Western Examiner. Orange is under 
the control of a municipal council, consisting of a mayor and corporation. This 
municipality was proclaimed 9th January, 1860. The estimated annual value 
of rateable property within it is £7725 15s., from which (including government 
aid) it derived, in 1864, an income of £742 18s. 2d. Its expenditure during that 
year was £543 3s. Id. The extent of its roads and streets is 10 miles, and the number 
of registered electors 203. The neighbourhood of Orange is as rich in mineral wealth 
as any part of the colony. Gold, silver, copper, and lead have been found in it, the 
copper- producing country having been traced from the Canobolas mountains, E., for a 
distance of 30 miles, in a belt 10 or 12 miles in width. Coal exists only in thin seams, 
and its production is immaterial, except for the smelting of iron, copper smelting being 
better carried on with wood. The quantity of gold received by escort from the 
Orange gold fields during the year 1864 was 25,022 ozs., which, at £3 lis. 7d. per oz., 
was of the total value of £89,559 8s. lid. The district is mountainous and rugged, 
the geological formation metamorphic slate, quartz, and trappean rock. The popula- 
tion numbers about 600 persons. 

The Orange electoral district embraces the S. portion of the county of Welling- 



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ton, and a N.W. portion of the county of Bathurst ; and is bounded on the N.,by Cur- 
ragurra creek, from its confluence with the Macquarie river to its source ; thence by 
a line to the source of Larras lake, and by Larras lake to the Bell river ; thence on 
the W. by the Nandillion ponds, upwards, to the N. W. corner of Joseph Taylor's 
2560 acres, and by the W. boundary of that land to the Molohg rivulet, thence by 
that rivulet to the Boreenore creek, and by that creek to its head, and thence by a 
line S. to the Canobolas, thence by a line S. to the source of the Panuara rivulet, and 
by that rivulet to the section line forming the N- boundary of the church and school 
estate, on the Belubula river ; on the S. by that section line, the N. boundary of 
the church and school estate, and the section line forming that boundary, and divid- 
ing Smith's and Simmons' lands from Orr's 1920 acres, and a village reserve, 
easterly, to the range dividing the waters of the Belubula river from those of the 
Macquarie ; and on the E. by that range to the range forming the E. watershed of 
Lewis' Ponds creek, and by that range to the junction of Lewis' Ponds creek with 
the Macquarie river, and by that river, downward, to the confluence of Curragurra 
creek, aforesaid. This electorate returns 1 member to the Legislative Assembly, the 
present representative being W. Forlonge, Esq. The number of registered electors in 
this district is 1438. 

Orange is a police district, embracing the S. portion of the county of Wellington, 
and a N.W. portion of the county of Bathurst ; and bounded on the N. by Curra- 
gurra creek, from its confluence with the Macquarie river to its source ; thence a 
line to the source of Larras lake, and by Larras lake to the Bell river ; thence on the 
W. by the Nandillion ponds, upwards, to the N.W. corner of Joseph Taylor's 2560 
acres, and by the W. boundary of that land to the Molong rivulet ; thence by that 
rivulet to the Boreenore creek, and by that creek to its head, and thence by a line, 
southerly, to the Canobolas, thence by a line, southerly, to the source of the Panuara 
rivulet, and by that rivulet to the section line forming the N. boundary of the church 
a.nd school estate, on the Belubula river ; on the S. by that section line, the N. boun- 
dary of the church and school estate, and the section line forming that boundary, and 
dividing Smith's and Simmons' lands from Orr's 1920 acres, and a village reserve, 
easterly, to the range dividing the waters of the Belubula river from those of the 
Macquarie ; and on the E. by that range to the range forming the E. watershed of 
Lewis' Ponds creek, and by that range to the junction of Lewis' Ponds creek with 
the Macquarie river, and by that river, downward, to the confluence of Curragurra 
creek, aforesaid. The places of petty sessions are Orange and Ophir. 

ORANMEIR (or Stony Creek), 35° 35' S. lat., 149° 35' E. long. {Co. St. 
Vincent), is a small postal township in the electoral and police districts Of Braidwood. 
It is situated on the Shoalhaven river, and is in an agricultural, pastoral, and alluvial 
mining district, the principal gold workings in the district being the Long flat, 11 
miles distant N.E. ; Major's creek, 12 miles N.E. ; Araluen, 19 miles E. ; Mongarlo,. 
36 miles N.E. ; and Jembaicumbene, 16 miles N.E. The nearest townships are 
Major's creek, 12 miles E. ; and Braidwood, the next telegraph station, 25 miles N. 
With these places the communication is by horse and dray ; and with Sydney, 200 
miles N. from Braidwood, to Picton via Goulburn, and thence by rail ; or to 
Nelligen, 50 miles by horse, and thence by steamer. There is a post office, a petty 
sessions court, and 1 hotel, the Traveller's Home. The surrounding country is moun- 
tainous, and the geological formation granite and quartz-bearing slate. The population 
is small and scattered. 

0RANMEIR CREEK (Co. Murray) is a small auriferous creek, flowing to the 
S. of Ballalaba into the Shoalhaven river, on its W. bank. Metamorphic. 

0RARA RIVER (Cos. Clarence and Fitzroy) is a S. tributary of the Clarence 
river, rising near Bayowa, and flowing JS . W. It separates the counties of Clarence 
and Fitzroy. Sandstone and limestone. 

0REEL, S. AND N., STATIONS [Liverpool plains district). See North Oreel 
and South Oreel. 

0REEN BROOK (Co. Dudley) is a small S. tributary of the Macleay river. 
Sandstone. 

OREGON CREEK (Co. Clarence) is a small W. tributary of the Coldstream 
river, flowing through good agricultural land. Sandstone. 

OREGON STATION (Gwydir district), occupier, M'Millan, John; area, 



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[Orp — Ovir 



16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is the same amount. 

ORPHAN SCHOOL CREEK (Co. Cumberland) is a small tributary of John- 
stone's creek, flowing N.W. through Grose farm and Camperdown. This creek waters 
the grounds of the Sydney University. Sandstone and shale. 

Also, a small W. tributary of George's river, flowing through the Orphan School 
grant of 3561 acres. Silurian. 

ORRABA STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Jwid, John ; area, 
61,400 acres ; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. Old charges, £103 12s. 6d. ; 
new appraisement, £111 2s. 6d. 

0RR0RAL RIVER (or Creek) (Co. Cowley) is a tributary of the Gudgenby 4 
riA r er, rising by three heads in the undulating pastoral country between mount Ten- 
nant and the Bimberi ranges, and flowing S. E. about 20 miles. The geological forma- 
tion is large grained variegated granite, consisting of greenish mica, blue hyaline 
quartz, and white felspar. 

0RR0RALL STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, McReahim, Charles ; area* 
5600 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £40. 

ORUNG BALL0NAH CREEK (Co. Wellington). See Stockyard Creek. 

OSWALD (Co. Northumberland) is a small rural hamlet lying about a mile from 
the postal hamlet of Lochinvar, and occupied by a number of small agricultural 
farmers. The population is included in that of Lochinvar. 

0TLEY ( Co. Burnett) is a small agricultural settlement, lying 30 miles N. of 
Warialda. 

0TLEY (Co. MurcMson) is a small agricultural settlement, lying 25 miles N. of 
Cobbadah. 

OUR A STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Chapman, William ; area, 24,990 
acres ; grazing capability, 1300 head of cattle. The old charges were £80 18s. 9d. 
the recently appraised rental is £100. 

0URXNBAH CREEK (Co. Northumberland) is a fine stream flowing from the 
interior of the county, and dividing into two branches, one falling into the Tuggarah 
Beach lake, and the other into Brisbane water. Sandstone. 

0URNANE CREEK (Co. Goulburn) is a tributary of the Murray river, rising 
iu the rugged country to the W. of Mount Aitkin, and flowing S. about 12 miles 
through pastoral country. Schist with outcropping granite and quartz. 

OUTER BACK ROTO, N., STATION [Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Glass and 
Ligar ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

OUTER WALENDRA, W., STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Suttor, W. 
H. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

OUTER WALENDRA, E., STATION (Lachlan district); occupier, Suttor, 
W. H. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. Charges, £30 6s. 

OUTER WAETGAR0N BACK STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Glass 
and Ligar ; area, 51,200 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

OUTER WANGARON, E., STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Glass 
and Ligar ; area, 51,200 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

OUTER WANGAR0N STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Glass and 
Ligar ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

OUTLET STATION (Wellington district) ; occupier, M'Phillamy, John; area, 
14,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Dubbo. 
Charges, £30. 

OVERALL PLAINS, BLOCK A., STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, 
Moore, E. L. ; area, 70,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The near- 
est post town is Maude. Charges, £31. 

OVERALL PLAINS STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Moore, E. L. ; 
area, 19,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town- 
is Maude. The old charges were £30 10s.; the recently appraised rental is £148. 



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OXLEY {Go. Cumberland), one of the original districts in the county, bounded 
on the S. by the district of the Field of Mars ; on the E. by a line passing from the 
N.E. corner of Field of Mars district, near the head of Lane cove, to the head of the 
S.W. arm of Broken bay ; on the N. by Broken bay and Castlereagh districts ; and 
on the W. by Castle hill district. 

OXLEY (Go. Waljeers) is a government township, not, however, inhabited, lying 
about 16 miles N. of the confluence of the Lachlan and Murrumbidgee rivers. Plio- 
cene tertiary, with alluvial and fluviatile drift. 

Oxley is a police district, embracing parts of the pastoral districts of Lachlan and 
Murrumbidgee, and bounded on part of the W. by the Lachlan river upwards from the 
confluence of that river with the Murrumbidgee, to the S. boundary of the reserve at 
Oxley, at a point on the Lachlan river about 12 miles above its confluence with the 
Murrumbidgee, thence by the S. boundary of that reserve W. 1^ mile and the W. 
boundary of that reserve and its N. prolongation bearing N. 112 miles, being the 
boundary dividing the pastoral districts of Lachlan and Darling ; on the N.W. by 
the N.W. boundary of the pastoral district of Lachlan N.E. to its N.E. corner ; on 
the E. by the boundary dividing the pastoral districts of Lachlan and Wellington S. 
to the confluence of Kalingalungaguy creek with the Lachlan river, thence by that 
river downwards to the small creek on the Booabungril reserve, thence by a line bear- 
ing S.W. to the N. boundary of Wyolong run, thence by that boundary and the W. 
boundary of that run W. and S. , the N. and W. boundaries of Wallandry run W. 
and S., the E. boundary of Kolkibertoo South run S., the N. boundary of Moonbool- 
dool North run W., and the E. boundaries of Barralong North, and Barralong, and 
Yanko North runs, bearing S. to the Murrumbidgee river, at the S. W. corner of Nar- 
randera run, thence by that river to Yanko creek, thence by that creek to the 
boundary of Pepper's run ; thence on the S. by the upper boundary of that run to its 
N. E. corner, thence by the N. boundaries of all the runs fronting to the Yanko creek 
and the Billabong creek from its confluence with that creek downwards to the Edward 
river, and that river downwards to the N.E. corner of Messrs. Sylvester and Smith's 
Salisbury plains (Moolpar) run ; thence on the remainder of the W. by the S.E. and 
N. boundaries of Winter run N. E. and W. , and the S. boundary of Moulamein block 
B run W. to the S.E. corner of Moulamein block A run, thence by the boundary 
dividing Moulamein blocks A and B aforesaid N. to the S. boundary of Nap-Nap 
block B run, thence by the S. boundary of that run W. to the boundary dividing 
Nap-Nap blocks A and B, and thence by that boundary N. to the S. boundary of Nap- 
Nap run, thence by the S. boundary of that run W. , and by the W. boundary of that 
run N., to Wangora creek, and by that creek downwards to the Murrumbidgee river, 
and by that river upwards to the confluence of the Murrumbidgee and Lachlan rivers 
aforesaid. The places of petty sessions are Hay and Maude. 

OXLEY is a county in the pastoral district of Bligh. It contains 11 acres of 
alienated land, and 1, 199,989 acres unalienated. The present boundaries, however, 
are open to modification. 

OXLEY'S CREEK ( Gwydlr district) is a fine stream, rising in the open forest 
country in the E. of the Gwydir district, and in the county of Burnett, about 16 
miles N. E. of the township of Warialda, on the road from that place to Bengalla. 
It flows N. about 50 miles through good pastoral country, with some agricultural 
land taken up on its banks, into the Macintyre river, within a few miles S. of 
Bengalla. The road from that place to Warialda runs along its banks for nearly the 
entire length of its course. The geological formation of the country through which 
it flows is pliocene tertiary, over palaeozoic rocks, with alluvial drift along the bed of 
the creek. 

OXLEY'S PIC (or Mount Wereid) [Go. Bligh) is a sharp peak of the Liver- 
pool range, attaining an altitude of 4000 feet, as estimated by the Rev. W. B. 
Clarke. Trap rock and granite. 

OXLEY'S TABLE LAND {Go. Clyde) is situated in 29° 57' 30" S. lat., and in 
145° 43' 30" E. long. It consists of two hills that appear to have been rent asunder 
by some convulsion of nature, since the passage between them is narrow, and their 
inner faces are equally perpendicular. The one named mount Oxley is steep on all 
sides, but the other gradually declines from the S. : it is from 4 to 5 miles in length, 
and is picturesque in appearance, and lightly wooded with cypresses. It bears N.W. 



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[Pab— Pad 



by W. from New Year's range, distance 50 miles, near the confluence of the Bogan 
and Darling rivers, and about 20 miles E. of Bourke. Sandstone. 

PABRAL (or Goree Creek) ( Co. Coivley) is a tributary of the Cotter river, 
rising in mount Pabral, the N. extremity of the Bimberi range. It flows through 
rugged pastoral country in a S.E. direction about 6 miles. Trap rock and limestone. 

PABRAL (or Goree Mount) (Co. Cowley) is the N. point of the Murrumbidgee 
range of mountains, and is a lofty rugged peak, lying between the Murrumbidgee and 
Goodradigbee rivers, at the head of Mountain creek. Trap rock and limestone. 

PACKENHAM (Co. Cumberland), a hundred, comprising the parishes of 
Broken bay, Gordon, Narrabeen, Manly cove, and Willoughby, and the islands with 
those parishes. 

PADDY'S CREEK (Co. Cowley), a small tributary of Gibraltar creek, rising in 
the N. slope of mount Tennant, and flowing N. through good pastoral country about 
10 miles. Granite and trap rock. 

PADDY'S LAND STATION (New England district); occupiers, Newly, Richard, 
and sons ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £37 10s. 

PADDY'S PLAINS (or Cudgolong) STATION (Lachlan district); occupier, 
West, Thos. H. ; area, 30, 720 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £70. 

PADDY'S PLAINS STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, West, Thomas H. ; 
area, 9600 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £50. 

PADDY'S RIVER (Co. Camden) is an E. tributary of the WollondiUy river, 
flowing at an elevation of 1856 feet above the level of the sea. It runs through the 
town of Murrimba, and is fed by the Uringalla creek. Sandstone. 

PADDY'S RIVER (Co. Gordon) is a small stream, at the head of the Wylandra 
creek. Slate and shale. 

PADDY'S RIVER (Co. Selwyn). See Cowra Creek. 

PADDY'S ROCK (Co. Buccleugh) is a granite rocky hill, lying at the head of the 
Oak creek, and to the N. of the Adjungbilli creek, at the Adjungbilli reserve. Granite 
and trap rock, 

PADDY'S ROCK CREEK (Co. Buccleugh) is a small tributary of the Adjung- 
billi creek, rising in the Paddy's rock hill, and flowing through rough country about 5 
miles W. Granite and trap rock. 

PADDY'S ROCK HILL (Co. Buccleugh) is a rugged peak in the scrubby ranges 
on the Adjungbilli creek, about 20 miles E. of Gundagai. Granite and trap rock. 

PADDINGTON (Co. Cumberland) is a township, and electoral and municipal 
district, suburban to Sydney, and lying on the high land to the E. of the city. It is 
in the metropolitan police district, and on the old South head-road, leading to the S. 
head, ^averley, Bondi, and Randwick. It is a favourite place of residence for 
persons having business in Sydney, being salubrious and pleasant. The military 
(Victoria) barracks, well built of stone, pleasantly and healthily situated, lies in this 
suburb. On the 31st December, 1864, there were quartered there 88 soldiers of the 
12th Regiment (officers and men). There is an ice manufactory in Paddington, and 
on the top of the hill a fine capacious reservoir is in course of construction (nearly 
finished), which will supply the high -lying parts of Sydney, the water being pumped 
up into it from the lower level Sydney waterworks. Paddington has a church of 
England (St. Matthias's;, a Congregational, and a Wesleyan church, also a National 
and a Denominational school. The communication with Sydney is by 'busses, which 
run throughout the day. Paddington municipality includes Glenmore and Lacroza 
vale, but not upper Paddington, which is in the municipality of Woollahra. The 
population of Paddington numbers 2692 persons. 

Paddington municipality was proclaimed 17th April, 1860. The estimated annual 
value of rateable property within it is £20,000, from which (including Government 
aid) it derived in the year 1864 an income of £1964 17s. Its expenditure during that 
year was £2395 8s. 2d. The extent of its streets and roads is 5 miles, and the num- 
ber of registered electors, 790. 



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441 



The Paddington electoral district comprises Paddington, Surry hills, and Redfern. 
Paddington is bounded on the E. , from Double bay, by the stream on the E. side of 
the village of Double bay, to William-street in that village, by William-street, E., to 
the South head-road, by the South head-road, W. , to Bay-street, by Bay-street, S. , 
to Trafalgar- crescent, by Trafalgar-crescent, S., to Wallis- street, by Wallis -street, W., 
to Nelson-street, and by Nelson-street, S ., to the old South head-road ; on the S . by 
that road, W., to the junction of the Point Piper-road, thence by a line, S.W., to the 
S.E. corner of Charles Gordon's 2 acres, and by the S. boundary of that land to its 
S.W. corner, thence by a line, W., to the S.E. corner of the Victoria barracks' wall, 
by the E., N., and W. walls of the barracks to the S.W. corner thereof, and thence 
by a line, W. , to Dowling-street, at the junction of Fitzroy-street ; on the W. by 
part of the E. boundary of the city of Sydney, being Dowling-street, N. , to the old 
South head-road, and the stream thence to Rushcutter's bay ; and on the N. by the 
waters of port Jackson to the stream at the E. side of Double bay, aforesaid. Surry 
hills and Redfern division is bounded on the N. by the S. boundary of the city of 
Sydney, being Cleveland-street, W., from Dowling-street to Botany-street ; on the 
W. by Botany-street, S., the S. boundary of the Chippendale estate, W., and the 
Botany road, S. , to the stream from the Waterloo wool-washing establishment ; on 
the S. by that stream, the Waterloo dam, and the S. boundary of the mount Lachlan 
estate, to the W. boundary of the Sydney water reserve ; and on the E. by that 
boundary and Dowling-street, N., to Cleveland-street, aforesaid. This electorate 
comprises the following suburbs of Sydney : — Paddington, Redfern, Surry hills, 
Waterloo estate, Double bay, Darling point, Rushcutter's bay, St. James's, and Glebe ; 
and returns 1 member to the Legislative Assembly, the present representative being 
J. Sutherland, Esq. The number of registered electors in this district is 1873, of 
whom 957 voted at the last general election, 1864-1865. 

PAGAN CREEK (Co. Durham, Liverpool plains district) is a branch of the 
Barwon (or upper Darling) river, flowing from and into that river from the confluence 
of the Thalaba creek, in a S. direction, to about 5 miles N. of Walgett. It crosses 
the N. road from that place at a place called Eury-Eury. Granite, with newer plio- 
cene tertiary deposit. 

PAGAN PLAINS MINOR STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, 
Richardson, Alex. H. ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. 
Charges, £30. 

PAGAN PLAINS STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Richardson, 
Alex. H. ; estimated area, 32,000 acres; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The 
old charges were £50 ; the recently appraised rental is £140. 

PAGE RIVER (Co. Brisbane) is a fine stream, rising in mount Murulla, and 
flowing past Murrurundi and the Box-tree flat into the Hunter river, about 10 miles 
E. of Scone. It is fed by the Isis river and Warland's creek. Sandstone and 
shales. 

PAGE'S CREEK (Co. Brisbane) is a W. tributary at the head of the Hunter 
river. Sandstone. 

PAHP00 (or Cedar Party) CREEK {Co. Macquarie) is a small N. tributary 
of the Manning river. Sandstone and limestone. 

PAIKA (or Wecomba) LAKE {Co. Cairo) is a small lagoon on the W. bank of 
the Murrumbidgee, about 16 miles N. of Balranald. Pliocene tertiary. 

PAIKA STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Mayne, William C. ; area, 
22,300 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Balranald. 
The old charges were £74 8s. ; the recently appraised rental is £215. 

PALDRUMATTA, N., STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Henty, Edward ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

PALDRUMATTA STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Henty, Edward; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

PALIN0A STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Fletcher, G. B. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 4s. 

PALISTHAN No. 2 STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Haylock, T. 
C. ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 



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PALLAL STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Napier, Robert ; area, 25,600 
acres ; grazing capability, 1600 bead of cattle. Tbe old charges were £100 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £190. 

PALLANANG STATION (Ghm/dir district) ; occupier, Holt, Tbomas ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1500 bead of cattle. Tbe old cbarges were £92 16s. 
3d. ; tbe recently appraised rental is £90. 

PALMER MOUNT (Co. Buchland) is a sbarp peak of tbe Liverpool range, 
lying at tbe bead of tbe Yarrimanbab creek. Trap rock. 

PALMER'S ISLAND (Co. Clarence) is an island, a postal village, and new 
settlement in tbe parisb of Toolomba, electoral district of Clarence and Richmond, 
and police district of Grafton. It is situated on tbe lower end of tbe Clarence river, 
477 miles N. of Sydney, and is (tbe island; about 10 miles in lengtb, commencing 2 
miles from tbe Clarence river beads. It is separated from tbe main land by a creek, 
wbicb bounds it on tbe S.E. side ; by tbe Clarence river on tbe N. and W. ; and by a 
lake lying between tbe creek aforesaid, and a channel to tbe river on tbe S ; and by 
tbat cbannel on tbeS.W. Palmer's island, and tbe many otber islands in tbe Clarence 
river, are excellently adapted for agricultural pursuits, consisting of level alluvial soil. 
Tbis part, tbe lower Clarence, bas been inhabited since 1862, tbe population following 
farming pursuits. Tbe ranges on tbe N. and S. , upon tbe main land, are about 14 
miles distant, and are cbiefly occupied for pastoral purposes. Tbe nearest places are 
Rocky Mouth or Maclean, 8 miles S., and Grafton, tbe nearest telegraph station, 40 
miles S.E. Tbe communication is by river steamer twice a week, and by proclaimed 
roads, not yet properly formed, but available for travelling on horseback. With 
Sydney, 477 miles S., tbe communication is by steamer from Grafton. There is no 
hotel nearer than tbe one at Maclean. The surrounding country is low and swampy, 
with occasional flat ridges or table land, covered with fine timber and good grass. The 
country is much cut up by creeks and watercourses, and it is extremely difficult to 
make good roads. Tbe geological formation is sandstone, with alluvial and fluviatile 
deposit. The population of Palmer's and tbe surrounding islands numbers about 400 
persons, tbe number of dwellings being about 140. Tbe inhabitants are mostly con- 
ditional purchasers, under the Crown Lands Alienation Act of 1861. Tbe. district 
appears likely to become a splendid agricultural one, particularly for tbe growth of 
sugar and cotton, which articles of produce the soil and climate appear to be eminently 
adapted for. 

PALMER'S OAKY {Co. Roxburgh) is a gold working, situated on the creek of 
tbe same name, and forming part of tbe Turon diggings, lying within 8 miles E. of 
the township of Sofala. The population on these diggings is included in tbat of that 
place. Metamorphic slate, limestone, and granite. 

PALMYRA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, De Sailly and Francis ; 
area, 48,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 15s. 

PAMAMER00 OUTER STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Carfrae, John; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazmg capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. 
Cbarges, £30. 

PAMAMER00 STATION (Albert district); occupier, Carfrae, John; area, 
58,240 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £83 10s. 

PAMMUMARCO CREEK (Albert district) is a small W. tributary of tbe 
Darling river, flowing through flat pastoral country into the main stream, about 12 
miles N. of Menindie. The geological formation is pbocene tertiary. 

PANBAN, N., STATION (Barling district); occupier, Phelps, Joseph; area, 
62,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

PANBAN STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Phelps, Joseph J. ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

PANBAN, W., BLOCK (A) STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Nash, 
William ; area, 44,160 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

PANBAN, W., BLOCK (B) STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Nash, 
"William ; area, 44,160 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

PANBULA, 36° 52' S. lat., 149° 57' E. long. (Co. Auckland), is a postal town- 



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443 



ship, in the parish of Towacka, electoral and police districts of Eden. It is situated 
on the Panbula river, the Murrimbula lake being 3 miles E. ; Boggy creek, 6 miles N. ;. 
Six-mile creek, 6 miles W. (with indications of gold and copper) ; and the Wolumla 
peak, 24 miles N.W. The district is both agricultural and pastoral, the nearest dig- 
gings being on the Wog-Wog river, 25 miles W., and on the Honeysuckle river, 12 
miles W., the gold being coarse and of good quality. The nearest places are Murim- 
bula, 12 miles W., the road being by horse to the lake, (3 miles distant,) and across it 
by ferry boat; Wyndham, 15 miles W.; Honeysuckle, 12 miles W. ; Eden, 12 miles 
S.; and Bega, 25 miles N. ; the communication being by horse or dray, or to Mer- 
imbula, Bega, and Eden by occasional coasting vessels. With Sydney, 275 miles N. , 
the communication is by steamer once a week from Murrimbula, or by the steamers 
calling at Eden, once a week. There is 1 hotel, the Forest Oak, in the township ; 
there are also the following hotels in the suburbs : — The Roan Horse, at Towacka ; 
and Serjeant's Inn, at Lochiel ; these places, together with Boggy creek and Greig's flat.,, 
forming part of the alluvial flat in which Panbula is situated, and being only separated 
by the windings of the river. There is a coach office in the town, whence a 2-horse 
coach plies to Bombala and Eden. Panbula has a post office, a court of petty sessions, 
a National school, and a public recreation ground, nearly surrounded by water, also, 
branches of the European, and Liverpool and London and Globe Insurance companies. 
Towacka lies on the opposite bank of the river. The surrounding country is hilly and 
heavily timbered. The geological formation is mostly sandstone, with deep alluvial 
drift. The population, including Towacka, numbers about 300 persons, living in about 
90 dwellings. 

PANBULA (or Townea) RIVER {Co. Auckland) is a fine stream, rising in 
the Wolumla peak, and flowing in a S.E. direction into the sea by the Toallo lake.. 
The township of Panbula is situated on its banks. It is a tidal river, and has a very 
winding course. It abounds in fish, and rock and mud oysters, and at its estuary 
pelicans, black swans, geese, ducks, and other aquatic birds, are to be found in 
abundance. It is navigable to within a mile of Panbula wharf at high tide, for 
vessels of 60 or 70 tons. Granite, porphyry, and sandstone. 

PANDORA'S PASS {Co. Bligh) is a pass over the Liverpool range, discovered 
by Cunningham in 1824. It lies 24 miles from Cassilis. 

PANGE, N., STATION {Wellington district) ; occupiers, Morehead and Young; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

PANUARA RIVULET ( Cos. Bathurst and Ashburnham) is a N. tributary of 
the Belubula river, rising in the S. of the Canobolas cluster of peaks, and flowing S. 
about 20 miles. It is fed by the Mitchangullium creek. The Panuara rivulet divides 
the county of Bathurst on the E. from that of Ashburnham (Lachlan district) on the 
W. There is some good agricultural land on this creek. The geological formation is 
lower silurian, with alluvial deposit. 

PANPARA STATION {A Ibert district); occupiers, Panton and Otway ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

PAPAKURA, No. 3 STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, De Sailly, F. and 
G. P. ; area, 30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Booligal. Charges, £30. 

■ PAPAKURA No. 4 STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Broderibb, 
William A. ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Booligal. Charges, £30. 

PAPAT0IT0I, E., STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Blackwood, James; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Booligal. Charges, £30. 

PAPAT0IT0I, N, STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, De SaiUy, F. and 
G. P. ; area, 64, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Booligal. Charges, £30. 

PAPAT0IT0I No. 1 STATION {Lachlan district) • occupiers, De Sailly, F. and 
G. P. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Booligal. Charges, £30. 

PAPPERT0N BACK STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, Macleay, Little, 



444 The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Pap— Par 



and Beaumont ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£30 10s. 

PAPUAN CREEK ( Co. Northumberland) is a small tributary of the estuary of 
the Mangrove creek. Sandstone. 

PAR ABEL CREEK {Co. Dudley) is a small S. tributary of the Macleay river. 
Sandstone. 

PARA CREEK ( Co. Camden) is a small creek flowing from mount Keira into 
the sea to the N. of Wollongong. Carboniferous sandstone. 

PARA No. 1 STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Scott, James, jun. ; esti- 
mated area, 23,040 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £34; 
the recently appraised rental is £140. 

PARA No. 2 STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Scott, James, jun.; esti- 
mated area, 23,040 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £35 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £120. 

PARADING GROUND {Co. Gloucester), is a settlement on the sea coast, 
about 12 miles N.E. of Raymond terrace. 

PARADISE CREEK (New England district) is a small N. tributary of the 
upper Macintyre river, crossing the road from Stonehenge to Inverell. It flows 
through good pastoral country, with rich soil, and has its outlet near the village 
reserve of Paradise. Alluvial deposit over lower silurian rocks. 

PARADISE CREEK STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Dangar, 
Henry; estimated area, 26,000 acres; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The old 
-charges were £64 15s. ; the recently appraised rental is £180. 

PARAMED0WA {Co. Burnett) is a small settlement on the G-wydir river, 
lying between Warialda and Moree. 

PARATA CREEK ( Co. St. Vincent) is 'a small tributary of the upper part of 
the Currambene creek. Ferruginous sandstone. 

PARINGI GAARI STATION (Albert district); occupier, Carfrae, John; 
.area, 137,600 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Went- 
worth. Charges, £30. 

PARINGI, W., BLOCK (A) STATION (Darling district); occupier, Nash, 
William; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is BooligaL Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

PARKINGI STATION {Albert district) ; occupiers, Jamieson, H. and B.; area, 
76,600 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £30 ; new appraisement, 
£65. 

PARMIDMAN STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, HasseU, L. J. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

PARN0LING0Y STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Fletcher, G-. B.; area, 
40,960 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is "Wentworth. 
Charges, £31. 

PAR00 RIVER (Albert district) is a chain of waterholes, connected in wet 
weather by a running stream, and lying in the flat sandy country to the N.W. of the 
Darling river. Very little is known of this river, except that along its course there 
is some available sheep country, which is mostly taken up by squatters. Its S. end 
is lost in the swamps lying to the E. of the Monolon mountains. The Paroo has an 
Ana branch (known as the Calbaoro Billabong) near its S. end, which flows through a 
•cane grass flat. Pliocene tertiary. 

PARRAMATTA (formerly Rosehill), 33° 41' S. lat., 151° l'E. long. (Co. Cum- 
berland) is a postal and municipal and electoral township, (the oldest in the colony 
with the exception of Sydney), in the parishes of St. John and Field of Mars, and. 
police district of Parramatta. It is situated on both sides of the Parramatta river, 
or, more properly speaking, on the head of the port Jackson navigation, at a point 
where a small creek, called the Parramatta river, falls into it, the whole of that arm 
of port Jackson being, however, popularly known as the Parramatta river. The creek 
referred to is fresh, there being a dam erected to keep out the tidal waters. The 



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445 



Parramatta river, running in an E. direction, empties itself into Sydney harbour, and 
admits of small river steamers running up to the township at high tide. When the 
tide is low, however, they are obliged to discharge cargo about 1 mile from the boun- 
dary of the township, this difficulty arising from the many sand and mud banks 
formed by flood and. tidal deposits. There are no creeks, lakes, or mountains of 
importance in the neighbourhood. Parramatta was called by the original settlers 
Rosehill, a name which was afterwards changed to the native one it now bears. It is 
the seat of the county executive, and was originally the vice-regal residence. The 
district is agricultural, the soil being, however, unsuitable to farming pursuits 
generally, but admirably adapted to the growth of fruit, particularly oranges, of which 
there are large orchards within a short distance, yielding large returns. Numerous 
orangeries are also being annually formed, and all promise well. Peaches, and other 
fruits, and garden produce generally, are also being successfully cultivated in the 
neighbourhood. Parramatta contains 2 flour mills, 1 tweed manufactory, 1 brewery, 
and 2 tanneries, these establishments employing a considerable number of the inhabi- 
tants. The nearest places are Liverpool, 10 miles S.W. ; Prospect, 4 miles W. ; 
Baulkham Hills, 8 miles N. ; and Ryde, 7 miles N.E. With Liverpool, the com- 
munication is by railway ; with Ryde, by river steamer ; and with the other places 
by horse and hired conveyance only. With Sydney, 14 miles by railway, 15 miles by 
road, and 16 miles by water, the communication is by rail 7 times per day, and by 
river steamer thrice per day. There is no regular conveyance along the road, although 
drays, &c, are continually passing. Parramatta was established in November, 1788, 
by Governor Phillip, who made it his residence. The government house, used until 
lately as a country residence for the governor of the colony, is a neat building, beauti- 
fully situated. Attached to it is a beautiful park, now a public recreation reserve ; 
it has a considerable area of beautiful undulating land, well grassed, and laid out with 
trees, shrubs, and plants, and contains the finest oak avenues in the colony. This 
park is now being rendered still more attractive by the trustees forming reserves 
for game, &c, for the Acclimatisation Society, which has already stocked 
the park with alpacas, deer, and wild fowl to a considerable extent. 
Other improvements of various kinds are also continually being made. 
There are numerous public buildings in the township, amongst which are a hospital, a 
benevolent asylum (now a government establishment) , a lunatic asylum, Protestant 
and Roman catholic orphan schools, a gaol, a public school for the higher branches of 
education (the King's school), 1 National and 2 Denominational schools, and 2 Episco- 
palian, 2 Wesleyan, 1 Roman catholic, 1 Presbyterian, and 1 Baptist places of wor- 
ship. The court house and town hall is a handsome building, where the quarter and 
petty sessions, and the district court are held. Parramatta has a fine roomy railway 
terminus, with ample passenger accommodation, and roomy goods sheds. There is a 
steamers wharf, a post and money order office, a telegraph office, an observatory, and 
numerous stores and shops of all kinds. Parramatta has 2 Masonic lodges (lodge 
Widow's Son, 278 1.0. and a lodge S.C.), also an Oddfellows' lodge (Fountain of Friend- 
ship, 3370). There are several hotels, the principal being the Woolpack inn and the 
Australian Arms, on the S. side, and the Royal Oak on the N. side of the river, 
which is crossed by a well built and handsome stone bridge. Parramatta has branches 
of the Commercial, City, and Savings banks, and of the European, Victoria, Colonial, 
United, Sydney, Northern, Liverpool and London and Globe, and Australian Mutual 
Provident insurance companies. There is a branch of the New South Wales Acclim- 
atisation Society in the town. The surrounding country is undulating, and the geolo- 
gical formation principally ferruginous sandstone, and beds of shale and slate. In 
the neighbourhood are two quarries of good bunding stone (hard altered sandstone). 
The population numbers about 6000 persons. 

Parramatta municipality was proclaimed 21st September, 1859. The estimated 
annual value of the rateable property within it is £23,138 10s., from which 
(including government aid) it derived in the year 1864 an income of £2489 7s. 4d. 
Its expenditure during that year was £2489 7s. 4d. The extent of its roads and 
streets is 25 miles, and the number of registered electors 882. 

The Parramatta electoral district embraces the town of Parramatta ; and is 
bounded on the E. by a line, from the Parramatta river, at a point opposite to the 
mouth of Clay cliff creek, bearing N. 1 degree W., 55 chains and 30 links, and pass- 
ing along the Orphan school-road to the N. side of the Kissing point-road ; thence, 
on the N., by a line bearing W. 18^ degrees N. 124 chains and 40 links, to the 



446 



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[Par 



western side of the Windsor road, near the Darling mills bridge ; on the W. by lines 
bearing S. 34 degrees W. 24 chains and 50 links; S. 2£ degrees W. 75 chains and 70 
links, to a bridge over Domain creek, thence S. 20 degrees E. 46 chains and 90 links, 
crossing the western road, and S. 21f degrees E. 40 chains and 50 links ; on the S. 
by lines bearing E. 19J degrees ST., 40 chains, crossing the Sydney road, and E. 28£ 
degrees N. 56 chains ; and again on the E. by a watercourse to Clay cliff creek, and 
by that creek to the Parramatta river, aforesaid. This electorate returns 2 members 
to the Legislative Assembly, the present representatives being J. Byrnes and J. T. 
Farnell, Esqs. The number of registered electors in this district is 1236, of whom 
636 voted at the last general election. 

Parramatta is a police district, embracing a central and northern portion of the 
county of Cumberland ; and bounded on the N. by the Hawkesbury river, upward, 
from Cowan creek to the S. E. boundary of the parish of Frederick ; on the W. by 
that boundary to the N. road to Wiseman's ferry, and by that road S. , to the N. 
boundary of George Suttor's grant of 60 acres ; thence by a line S.W. to the junc- 
tion of the Pitt town and Windsor-roads at Vinegar hill ; thence by the latter road 
S.W., and by the Old Windsor-road, to the N. boundary of the parish of Prospect, 
by that boundary, bearing W. to Eastern creek, nearly at the confluence of Breakfast 
creek ; and by Eastern creek, upward, to the S. boundary of the parish of Prospect ; 
on the S. by that boundary, E., to Prospect creek, by that creek, downward, to 
Landsdowne bridge on the Liverpool-road, by that road, E. , to Moore's bridge at 
Cook's river ; and on the E. by the W. boundary of the parish of Concord to the 
Parramatta river, and crossing that river, by the N. side of that river, E., to Lane 
«ove, by Lane cove and the W. boundaries of the parishes of Gordon and Broken 
bay, to the Hawkesbury river, aforesaid. The place of petty sessions is Parramatta. 

PARRAMATTA {Co. Cumberland), a hundred, comprising the parishes of 
Hunter's hill, Field of Mars, Castle hill, Prospect, St. John's, Liberty plains, and the 
islands with those parishes. 

PARRAMATTA (Co. Cumberland) is an incorporated district, containing 151,105 
acres. It consists of 10 members, and its boundaries are precisely the same as the police 
district of Parramatta. 

PARRAMATTA ( Co. Cumberland) is one of the original districts of the county, 

"bounded on the E. side by Liberty plains and Hacking creek ; on the N. by the Par- 
ramatta river, and the creek passing near Constitution hill to the W. road, and thence by 
that road to Prospect ; on the W. side by the road leading through Prospect to the 
creek, and thence by that creek to Moore's bridge, and by the Liverpool road. 

PARRAMATTA RIVER (Co. Cumberland) is the name applied to the inland 

continuation of port Jackson, an arm which stretches to the W. for about 18 miles. 
The portion of the harbour which has received this appellation is that lying to the W. of 
Darling harbour, the W. boundary of the city of Sydney. There is steamboat com- 
munication along this arm to Parramatta, which is the head of the navigation, and 
beyond that place is the true Parramatta river, a small stream, having a tidal break- 
water. The Parramatta river, popularly so called, is celebrated for the beauty of its 
scenery, and is dotted with islands, the principal of which are the notorious Cockatoo 
(a prison for long-sentenced criminals), and Spectacle island, upon which has lately 
been erected a range of low stone powder magazines. The villages of Hunter's hill 
and Gladesville, and the township of Ryde, lie upon the N. bank (places celebrated for 
the splendid quality of their orangeries and orchards, many of which descend to the 
river bank in sloping terraces, and impart a tranquil beauty to a scene otherwise 
somewhat wild and. rugged). Sandstone. 

■ rr ~ T - 7 ' P ARRA STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Scott, James, jun. ; area, 
46,080 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Wentworth. 
Charges, £192 2s. 

PARRY is a county in the pastoral district of Liverpool plains. A consid- 
erable portion of this county is auriferous. It contains 323,944 acres of alienated 
land, and 556,056 acres unalienated. Its present boundaries, however, are open to 
modification. 

PARRY MOUNT (Co. Buckland) is a detached peak, lying in the Australian 
Agricultural Company's grant of 249,600 acres, to the N. of the E. Bluff and mount 



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Moam in the Liverpool range, and between the Phillip and the Yarrimanbah creeks. 
Older volcanic. 

PARSON'S CREEK {Co. Hunter) is a W. tributary of the Wollombi brook. 

PARSON'S HILL ( Co. Buchland) is a ridge of hills, spurring from the Liverpool 
range N. of mount Nany, and running N. in the Australian Agricultural Company's 
grant of 249,600 acres. 'Trap rock. 

PARSON'S HILL ( Co. Northumberland) is a hill on the road from West Mait- 
land to Wollombi, in the parish of Gosforth, and about 3 miles W. of the former 
place. Carbonaceous sandstone, and yellow clay, with ferruginous veins. 

PARSON THE {Co. Buccleugh) is a lofty peak, standing in the midst of a circle 
of surrounding smaller hills, at the head of Matchem's creek, and on the S. bank of 
the Murrumbidgee river. Granite and limestone. 

PASSIMA STATION" {Albert district) ; occupiers, Henty and Samson ; area, 
.64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

PASS, THE ( Co. Northumberland), is a gap in the Sugar Loaf range of hills, 
in the parish of Mulbring, on the road from Maitland to Sydney, via lake Macquarie. 

PATERS0N, 32° 40' S. lat., 151° 35' E. long. {Co. Durham), is a postal town- 
ship in the parish of Houghton, electoral and police districts of Paterson. It is 
situated on the Paterson river, the Hungry mountain lying on the opposite side that 
river, and a spur of mount Johnson approaching the back of the township. The 
drainage from the S. extremity of the latter hills falls into the Paterson lagoon, a 
small lake covering an area of about 6 acres, and not known to have been dry for the 
last 10 years. This lagoon is within the extended township, but not in Paterson 
proper, which is a part of the original grant to Widow Ward, and lying between the 
estates of Bona Vista and Telimby. There is a fine and picturesque waterfall, well 
worthy the attention of the tourist, at Moneyburn, 8 miles W. of the township, on 
the Telimby estate. Paterson has several local industries, which are generally in a 
highly flourishing condition. The principal are a tannery and a curriery, 2 slaughter 
yards, 2 wheelwrights' yards, 2 builders' yards, a splendid quarry of sandstone, and 
abundance of metal available for road making, &c, and a fine brickyard, with clay in 
abundance. 2 miles up the stream, at Gostwyck, there is a water mill on the left 
bank. There are also 2 large stores, and several smaller ones, 2 tobacco manufactories, 
and the usual tobacconists' shops. There 3 churches, Church of England, Wesleyan, 
and Presbyterian, a Denominational and a National (non vested) school. There 
is an Odd Fellows' lodge (Paterson Union Lodge), and branches of the Sydney, 
Northern, and Australian Mutual Provident Insurance companies in the township. 
The district is essentially an agricultural one, the soil being rich and well cultivated. 
It produces maize, wheat, barley, oats, lucerne, potatoes, pumpkins, melons, cucum- 
bers, tobacco, and. all kinds of esculent roots and farm and garden produce in 
abundance. Fruit of all kinds, there being large vineyards, orangeries, and orchards 
in the neighbourhood. Tocal estate, lying on the S. of the township, occupied by C. 
Reynolds, Esq., is celebrated through the whole of the Australian colonies for horse 
breeding, the stock having the character of being amongst the best in the country, 
and the cattle, pigs, and poultry having the same high character. The nearest places 
are Hinton, 9 miles ; Morpeth, 10 miles ; Maitland, 12 miles ; and Largs (or Dunmore), 
8 miles distant — all lying S. ; Clarence town, 6 miles E. ; Dungog, 20 miles N. N. E. ; 
Vacy, 4 miles N. ; Campsie, 8 miles, and Gresford, 12 miles N. A mail coach runs 
daily to Morpeth and Hinton, and twice a week, via Largs, to E. Maitland ; the com- 
munication with the other places being by horse, dray, or hired conveyance. With 
Sydney, 105 miles S., the communication is by rail from Morpeth to Newcastle, via 
E. Maitland, and thence by steamer ; or by steamer from Morpeth, also by occasional 
trading vessels from the same place. Paterson has a post office (a money order office 
being much needed), a court house (where the petty sessions, small debts, and district 
courts are held), a police barrack and lock-up, a large Odd fellows' hall, with a 
mutual improvement society, and a benefit and sick club, a lending library, and 2 
private schools. The hotels are the Wellington inn, Royal Oak, Settlers' Arms, 
Bush inn, and Plough inn ; the accommodation, generally, being very good, and, in 
some instances, first rate. There is a booking office by the coach to Morpeth. The 
roads are under the control of a road warden and 6 councillors, the former being 
.appointed by the Government, and the latter elected by the residents. The surround- 



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ing country is extremely mountainous, but to the S. and W. are extensive flats. The 
geological formation is sandstone and shale. At a distance of about 6 miles from the 
township, on the Tongburn estate, is a vast bed of limestone of very superior quality, 
which, by a tramway being laid down to the head of the navigation, could be rendered 
available and easily shipped to Sydney or elsewhere. There is, also, abundance of 
coal at a distance of about 2 miles, but its extent has never been tested. The popu- 
lation numbers about 400 persons. 

The Paterson electoral district embraces a midland and N. portion of the county 
of Durham ; and is bounded on the N. by the range at the head* of the Allyn and 
Paterson rivers ; on the W. by the mount Royal range, and the range dividing the 
waters of Glendon brook from those of the Paterson river, to a point in a line with 
the E. boundary of Gaggin's 2000 acres grant on the river Hunter, and by that line- 
and the E. boundary of Gaggin's land, to the N.W. corner of Underwood's 1500* 
acres grant ; on the S. by the N. boundary of that land, the W. and N. boundaries 
of J. Mitchell's 880 acres, the W. and S. boundaries of Lamb's 2560 acres, and the 
N. boundary of W. C. Wentworth's 1034 acres, to its N.E. corner ; thence by a line 
S.E. across government land and the church grant to the N.W. corner of Nowland's 
land, and by the 1ST. boundary of that land, and the S. boundary of J. P. Webber's 
2020 acres, and crossing the Paterson river to the S.W. corner of Mr. Dunn's 1300" 
acres grant, by the S. boundary line of that grant, to its S.E. corner, by aline thence,, 
easterly, to the S.W. corner of Hugh Torrens' 2000 acres ; and thence by the S. 
boundary of that land to the range dividing the waters of the Allyn and Paterson 
rivers from those of the Williams river ; and on the E. by that range, northerly, to 
the range at the head of the Allyn and Paterson rivers, aforesaid. This electorate 
comprises the town and country district of Paterson, and returns 1 member to the- 
Legislative Assembly, the present representative being the Hon. W. M. Arnold. The 
number of registered electors in this district is 536, of whom 350 voted at the last 
general election 1864-1865. 

Paterson is also a police district, the boundaries of which are identical with 
those of the electoral district of Paterson. 

PATERSON {Co. Durham) is an incorporated district in the county. It con- 
sists of 7 members. It contains a superficial area of 273,243 acres. Its boundaries 
are precisely the same as the electoral district of Paterson. 

PATERSON (or Wallen) MOUNT {Co. Durham) is a high peak of the mount 
Royal range, situated at the head of the Paterson river. It attains an altitude of 
about 3000 feet above sea level. Sandstone. 

PATERSON (or Yimmang) RIVER {Co. Durham) is an important N. tributary 
of the Hunter river, rising in the mount Royal range, and flowing in a general S. 
direction past the townships of Lostock, Gresford, Gostwyck, and Paterson, into the 
main stream at Hinton. This river is navigable for small vessels as far as the Pater- 
son township ; it flows through rich agricultural land, mostly taken up by settlers, and 
is fed by the Allyn river ancl the Pumby creek. This river was named after Colonel 
William Paterson. Sandstone and metamorphic slate. 

PATERSON'S POINT {Co. Wellington) is a gold workings on the Turon dig- 
gings, and lying 2 miles from the township of Sofala. The population is included in 
that of that place. 

PATM0RE CREEK {Co. Roxburgh) is an auriferous S. tributary of the Turon 
river. The geological formation is sandstone, limestone, and slate, with occasional 
out-cropping quartz ridges. 

PAT0NGA CREEK ( Co. Northumberlnnd) is a small creek, flowing into Broken 
bay on its N. side. Sandstone. 

PATRICK'S PLAINS {Cos. Hunter and Durham) is the name given Lo a large 
tract of fine pastoral and agricultural country, lying on both sides the Hunter 
river, near Singleton. The district is celebrated for its dairy produce, and for its 
fattening capability for cattle. It is well watered by the tributaries of the Hunter, 
and is finely grassed and lightly timbered. Singleton is the principal town in the 
district. The geological formation is mostly sandstone, with a deep deposit of rich 
black loam. 

The Patrick's plains electoral district embraces a S. portion of the county of Dur* 
ham, the N.E. portion of the county of Hunter, and the N.W. portion of the county 



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of Northumberland, and is bounded on the N. by the range from the Mount Royal 
range W. dividing the waters of the Rouchel brook, Saint Hillier's brook, and Mus- 
wellbrook, from those of Falbrook, Boybrook, and the Salt Water creek ; on the W. 
by that range and the section line forming the E. boundaries of Macartney's, Pringle's, 
Robertson's, and Sharpe's lands, and the W. boundary of the Jerry's plains reserve 
to the S. W. corner of that reserve, and thence by the range dividing the waters of 
Parson's creek and the Wollombi brook from those of Doyle's creek ; on the S. by the 
range dividing the waters of the Macdonald river from those of Parson's creek, the 
range dividing the waters of Werong and Drew's creek and a spur range to the Wol- 
lombi brook, and thence by a spur range and the range forming the N. watershed of 
Culawine and Cedar creeks to the Broken Back mountain ; and on the E. by a line 
N.E. to the W. source of Black creek, by that creek to the river Hunter, and by the 
river Hunter downward to the S.E. corner of G-aggin's 2000 acres grant ; thence by 
the E. boundary of that grant and its continuation N. to the range dividing the waters 
of Glendon brook from those of the Paterson river, by that range N. to the mount 
Royal range, and by that range aforesaid. This electorate comprises the town and 
country districts of Patrick's plains, and returns 1 member to the Legislative Assem- 
bly, the present representative being J. B, Wilson, Esq. The number of registered 
electors in this district is 1531, of whom 579 voted at the last general election, 1864- 
1865. 

Patrick's plains is also a police district, the boundaries of which are identical 
with those of the Patrick's plains electoral district. 

PATRICK'S PLAINS {Cos. Hunter and Durham) is an incorporated district in 
the county. Its council consists of 7 members. Its area comprises 403, 284 acres. The 
boundaries of this district are precisely the same as the electoral district of Patrick's 
plains. 

PAYERA STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Cornish, E. B. • area, 
35,500 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 10s. 

PEACOCK CREEK (Co. Rous) is a smaU E. tributary of the head of the 
Clarence river, flowing through scrubby pastoral country. Sandstone. 

PEACOCK POINT (Co. Cumberland) is the most E. point of the suburb of 
Balmain, lying opposite the Flagstaff hill, Sydney, and on the W. head of Darling 
harbour. Sandstone. 

PEAKED HILL {Co. Clarence). See Wohinin Mount. 

PEAK THE {Co. Wallace). See Malady's Peak. 

PEAKS, THE (Co. Westmoreland), is the name given to a remarkable triple 
peaked mountain, lying on the W. bank of the Wollondilly river, between the Tin- 
kettle and Jooriland creeks, and about 9 miles S.W. of Burragorang. Carboniferous 
sandstone, 

PEAK STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Bradley, William; area, 10,040 
acres ; grazing capability, 900 head of cattle. Charges, £70. 

PEARL BAY {Co. Cumberland) is a small bight on theW. side of Middle har- 
bour, to the W. of the spit. Sandstone. 

PEDDAI MOUNT (Co. Phillip) is a lofty peak in the rugged mountainous and 
scrubby ranges lying on the S. of the Goulburn river, opposite the confluence of the 
Merriwa rivulet. Sandstone. 

PEEDEE CREEK (Co. Dudley) is a small N. tributary of the Macleay river. 
Sandstone. 

PEEDEE CREEK STATION {Macleay district) ; occupier, McNaugh, C. ; 
area, 11,520 acres ; grazing capability, 450 head of cattle. Charges, £12. ' 

PEEL, 33° 12' S. lat., 149° 40' E. long. (Co. Roxburgh), is a postal township in 
the parish of Peel, electoral district of E. Macquarie, and police district of Bathurst. 
It is situated on the Clear creek, the Macquarie river flowing about 8 miles S. W. " 
and the Winburndale creek falling into the Clear creek about half a mile distant S.W. 
There are mountains within half a mile of Peel, and running in almost every direction! 
The district is a pastoral, agricultural, and mining one, the latter both alluvial and 
quartz, and the diggings surrounding the township on every side. There is a large 

TP a " 



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flour mill (Cummins'), having a steam engine of 20-horse power, which drives three 
pairs of stones, and being in full work. The nearest places are Bathurst, 9 miles S. ; 
Limekilns, 1 1 miles N. E . ; and Sof ala, 20 miles N. ; the communication with Bathurst 
and Sof ala is by mail coach thrice a week, and with Limekilns by horse or dray. With 
Sydney, 130 miles E., the communication is by mail coach to Penrith, and thence by 
rail. There are no coach or carrying offices, but several carriers reside in the town- 
ship, who make regular trips to Sydney and intermediate places, conveying heavy 
goods. The hotels are the Shearers' Arms, the Golden Pippin, and the Peel. There 
is a post office, and a fine brick church of England, and a, brick Roman catholic chapel. 
The surrounding country is hilly and broken at a distance of about half a mile, 
although in the township itself is some good flat cultivation land. The geological 
formation is mostly granite, with numerous quartz reefs. Lead and arsenic have 
"been found in the hills, and it is the opinion of most miners that there is payable 
gold in the district in almost every direction, and that, when the railway line is 
opened to Bathurst, it will be found a profitable speculation to work the lead, &c, 
mines. Most of the land in the locality is purchased property, which, to a certain 
extent, prevents its being properly tested as to its auriferous properties. The popu- 
lation in and around Peel, for a radius of about 2 miles, numbers about 700 persons. 

PEEL RANGE {Liverpool plains district) is a branch of the Liverpool range, 
which runs in a N. direction, separating the basin of the Peel from that of the Cona- 
dilly. The highest peak is mount Turi, which attains an altitude of 2952 feet. 
Sandstone and altered schists. 

PEEL'S FERRY [Co. Northumberland), is the ferry over the Hawkesbury 
river on the road from Sydney to Gosford. It is wider and not so safe as Wiseman's 
ferry. 

PEJAR {Co. Argyle) is a small agricultural village, lying at the junction of the 
Pejar creek and the Wollondilly river, distant 3 miles S.W. from the township of 
Woodhouselee. There is 1 hotel, the Pejar (Ligg's) in the village, and a population 
numbering about 20 persons, mostly settlers. Metamorphic shales. 

PEJAR CREEK {Co Argyle) is a N. tributary of the Wollondilly river, rising 
in mount Wargo, and flowing S. into the main stream near Baw-Baw. It is fed by the 
Buniana creek. The lower part of the Pejar creek is known as the Sulky ponds. Trap 
rock. 

PEKOBUTTA STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Executors of Mrs. Law- 
son ; estimated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1200 sheep. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £25. 

PELICAN CREEK (Co. Bom) is a W. tributary of the N. Richmond river. 
Sandstone. 

PELICAN PONDS, E., OUTER STATION" (Albert district); occupiers, 
M'Leay and Taylor ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. 
Charges, £16 9s. 

PELICAN PONDS, W., OUTER STATION {Albert district) ; occupiers, 
M'Leay and Taylor; area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. 
Charges, £50. 

PELICAN PONDS No. 1 STATION {Albert district) ; occupiers, M'Leay and 
Taylor ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £40 2s. 6d.; 
new appraisement, £35. 

PELICAN PONDS No. 2 STATION {Albert district) ; occupiers, McLeay and 
Taylor ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £40 2s. 6d. ; 
new appraisement, £30. 

PELICAN PONDS No. 3 STATION {Albert district); occupiers, McLeay and 
Taylor ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £40 2s. 6d.; 
new appraisement, £36. 

PELWALKA STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, Trust and Agricultural 
company of Australia (limited) ; area, 41,600 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. 
Charges, £120. 

PENDER'S CREEK (Co. Roxburgh) is a small tributary of the head of the 



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451 



Cheshire creek, rising in the Limekiln range, and flowing W. through some agricul- 
tural land, cut up into small farms. Sandstone, limestone, and clay slate. 

PENNANT HILLS ( Co. Cumberland) is a postal village in the parish of Castle 
Hill, electoral district of central Cumberland, and police district of Parramatta. It 
is situated on the N. of the Parramatta river, and on the road from Ryde to Parra- 
matta, 34 miles from the latter place ; the communication with that place being, as 
with Sydney, 14 miles S.E., by road and river steamboat. The district is agricultural, 
and consists of elevated country. The geological formation is sandstone and blue- 
stone, there being excellent quarries of the latter, much of it being sent to Sydney 
for street metal. The population is small and scattered. 

PENNYWEIGHT FLAT {Co. Wellington) is a gold workings, on the Turon 
diggings, lying 3 miles from the township of Sofala. The population is included in 
that of that place. 

PENRITH, 33° 43' S. lat., 150° 42' E. long. (Co. Cumberland), is a postal town 
in the parishes of Castlereagh and Mulgoa, electoral district of the Nepean, and 
police district of Penrith. It is situated on the river Nepean, South creek lying 4 
miles to the E., and Mulgoa creek 5 miles to the S. The district is an agricultural 
one, comprising a number of cultivation and grazing farms. There are steam and flour 
mills at Regentville and Mulgoa, 3 Hour mills (driven by water power on the Nepean), 
and a tweed factory atEmu plains, and one also at Regentville. The nearest places are 
Emu, on the opposite side of Nepean to the W. ; Mulgoa, 6 miles ; St. Mary's, 4 miles 
W. ; and Castlereagh, 5 miles N.W. With St. Mary's there is communication by rail, 
and with the other places by horse, or hired conveyance. With Sydney, 34 miles E. , 
the comnranication is by rail, Penrith being at present the out terminus of the Great 
Western railway, where Cobb's coaches start for all the chief towns in the W. and 
N.W. districts. Penrith has a benevolent asylum and hospital, a post and money order 
office, telegraph office, district registrar's office, court house (where the petty sessions 
and district courts are held), school of arts, Wesleyan mutual improvement society, 
church of England, Roman Catholic, Presbyterian and Wesleyan places of worship, 
and 2 Denominational and 1 National schools. The hotels are the Commercial, 
Queen's, Rose, Barkly, Volunteers' Home, Governor Bourke, Railway inn, Welcome 
inn, and Wheelwrights' arms, and Cobb and Co. have a bookmg office, whence 
passengers and mails are transported to all parts of the W. and N.W. interior ; 
Pox and Co., and the Carriers' association have also booking offices, for the trans- 
mission of goods. There are branches of the City and New South Wales banks, 
and of the Colonial, United, Sydney, and Australian Mutual Provident Insurance 
companies. Penrith has a Masonic (Queen's) lodge, No. 783, E.C. The surrounding 
-country is mountainous, with alluvial flats (generally taken up for cultivation pur- 
poses), along the course of the river. The geological formation is carboniferous 
sandstone and ironstone, overlying shale and veins of coal sofe of tolerable thick- 
ness. The population of Penrith numbers 367 males, and 343 females, an aggregate 
of 710 persons. The extension railway line passes over the Nepean river at Penrith 
by a fine iron tubular bridge, now in course of erection. The river at this point is 60O 
feet wide, and the bridge will be supported upon four immense piers of solid masonry, 
the two centre ones measuring 58 feet by 17 feet 6 inches at the foundation, battering 
upwards at the ends 1 in 15, and at the sides 1 in 20, their extreme height being 59 
feet. These massive piles of masonry, which are 186 feet apart, are finished, and a 
large number of men have been employed since November last in erecting timber 
staging between the piers, to support the plates of the iron girders while they are 
"being rivetted together. The masonry is done by Mr. Watkins, the work being 
superintended by Mr. Morgan. The contract for supplying and fixing the girders has 
been taken by Sir Morton Peto and Co. At a place called Knapsack gully, beyond 
Penrith, a fine viaduct is constructed on the extension of the Great Western railway 
line. The bridge is carried over 5 arches of 55 feet span, and 2 of 25 feet span, at a 
height of more than 120 feet above the bed of the gully, the total length being 388 
feet. The piers are 36 feet by 20 feet at the base, and taper up to 15 feet by 9 feet 6 
inches at the top. The cost of this immense structure of masonry (the largest in the 
colony), is about £25,000, the work being carried out by Mr. Watkins. 

Penrith is a police district, embracing an E. portion of the county of Cook, and a 
W. portion of the county of Cumberland ; and bounded on the N. , from Eastern 
creek, by the Blacktown road to Rickaby's creek ; thence by a line bearing N.W. t<* 



452 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Pen — Per 



the confluence of the river Grose with the Nepean, and by the river Grose to mount 
Hay ; thence on the W. by a line bearing S. W. to the Weatherboard hut ; and thence 
by Jamison's Valley creek to a point 4 miles, N. , from Cox's river ; thence on the S. 
by a line bearing E. to the range forming the N. watershed of Cox's river, and by 
that range and the range forming the N. watershed of the Warragamba river, to the 
confluence of that river with the Nepean, by the Nepean river, upward, to Bringelly 
creek, by that creek to the Bringelly road, and by that road, E., to South creek ; and 
on the E. by South creek, downward, to the Orphan School-road, by that road, E. , 
to the Old Cowpasture-road, by that road N. , by the W. boundary of the parish of 
St. Luke, N., and the S. boundary of the parish of Prospect, W., to Eastern creek, 
and by that creek, downward, to the Blacktown road, aforesaid. The place of petty 
sessions is Penrith. 

PENRITH {Go. Cumberland) is an incorporated district, containing an area of 
377,089 acres, the council of which consists of 7 members, and its boundaries are 
precisely the same as the police district of Penrith. 

PEPPERCORNE CREEK {Co. Bucckugh) is a W. tributary of the head of the 
Goodradigbee river, rising in the N. slope of Peppercorne Hill, and flowing N. E. about 
8 miles through rich well wooded country. It is fed by a small watercourse called 
Sally's flat creek. Granite, slate, and trap rock. 

PEPPERCORNE HILL {Co. Bucckugh) is a lofty peak, lying on the E. side of 
the road from Kiandra to Yass, about 32 miles N. of the former place, and 16 miles N. 
of the village of Yarrangobilly. This hill is the source of the Gobarrajandra river, on 
the W., the main head of the Murrumbidgee river, on the S., and the Peppercorne 
creek, on the N. Granite, metamorphic slate, and trap rock. 

PEPPER CREEK ( Cos. Bathurst and Georgiana) is a W. tributary of the Camp- 
bell river, flowing through the township of Rockley, and across the Nerambella, or 
Dunn's plains. The land on both sides is taken up by Messrs. Steel, Bowman, Pouter, 
Payne, and Smith. The geological formation is sandstone, limestone, and clayey 
shale. 

PEPPER CREEK (Co. Bucckugh) is a small drainage creek, from the swampy 
flats in the N.E. of the county, flowing W. into Jeremiah creek. Granite and trap 
rock. 

PEPPER'S CREEK {Co. Beresford), a small tributary of the Bigbadja river, 
rising in a W. spur of the Australian Alps. Porphyritic granite and trap rock. 

PEPPERTON STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Dickson, James ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

PERA BACK STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Bloxham, E. J. ; area„ 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

PERA STATION {Warrego district); occupier, Bloxham, H. D.; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £32. 

PERICA CREEK {Co. Auckland) is a small tributary of the To wamba river, 
falling into it near the township of Sturt. Granite, with quartzose dykes. 

PERKA STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Bloxham, Harry D. ; area,. 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32. 

PERN0LINGAY LOWER STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Fletcher, 
G. B. ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

PERPENDICULAR POINT, 35° 6' S. lat., 150° 50' E. long. {Go. St. Vincent) 
is a rocky promontory, forming the N. head of Jervis bay. It stands boldly out on 
the peninsula to the N. of that bay, and rises from the sea in a perfectly vertical 
direction, to an elevation of 275 feet, presenting a conspicuous feature on the coast. 
It is formed of high cliffs, with a flat summit, and shows neither tree nor shrub. 
Sandstone. 

PERRIC00TTA STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Kirk and 
Goldsborough ; estimated area, 62,000 acres ; grazing capability, 9000 sheep. The 
nearest post town is Moama. The old charges were £90 ; the recently appraised rental 
is £260. 



Per — Pet] The Reio South Wales Gazetteer. 453 



PERRIER'S CREEK {Co. Bathurst) is a small E. tributary of Lewis' ponds, 
rising in mount McCann, and flowing W. through Perrier's 1183 acres, along the road 
from Bathurst to Ophir. Sandstone and schist. 

PERRY (or Menindee) {Co. Menindee) 32° 25' S. lat., 142° 25' E. long., is a 
postal township in the electoral and police districts of Balranald. It is situated on 
the W. bank of the Darling river, near and to the N. of the junction of the Laidley's 
ponds creek, 850 miles W. N. W. of Sydney, the communication being via Wentworth 
to Deniliquin by horse, thence by coach to Echuca, thence by rail to Melbourne ; or 
from Deniliquin to Picton by coach, and thence by rail. The district is wholly a 
pastoral one, the country being flat and lightly scrubbed. The geological formation is 
pliocene tertiary, with nuviatile deposit. The population is small and scattered. 

PERRY is a county in the pastoral district of Darling. It contains 9 acres of 
alienated land ; its present boundaries, however, are open to modification. 

PERRY STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, Jamieson, H. and B. ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 400 sheep. Old charges, £30 ; new appraisement, 
£50. 

PETER DUFFETTY STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Hassell, L. J. ; 
•estimated area, 4500 acres ; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £16 ; the recently appraised rental is £100. 

PETER MOUNT {Cos. Wynyard and Mitchell) is a peak in a range of low 
scrubby hills, which form the division of the two counties. The country is pastoral, 
and well watered by the heads of O'Brien's creek. Granite. 

PETER'S CREEK {Co. Bligh) is a small E. tributary of the head of the Four 
mile creek. Sandstone and shale. 

PETER'S CREEK {Co. Vernon) is a small S. tributary of the Apsley river. 
Sandstone, shale, and limestone. 

PETERBOROUGH (or Bustle Hill) {Co. Camden) is a small agricultural 
settlement, lying 3 miles distant from the township of Shellharbour. Sandstone. 

PETER'S CREEK ( Co. Wellington) is a small auriferous N. tributary of the 
Green valley creek, flowing near Sparrow hill. Metamorphic slate. 

PETER'S LAGOON {Co. Wellesley) is a small waterhole in the plains lying 
between the McLaughlin and Snowy rivers, to the W. of the Pipeclay range. Slate 
and shales. 

PETERSHAM {Co. Cumberland) is a small postal township, suburban to Sydney, 
and in the parish of Petersham, electoral district of Canterbury, and police district of 
Sydney. It is situated on the Long cove creek, and on the Parramatta or Great 
Western road and railway, there being a railway station about a quarter of a mile 
from the township. There is but little agriculture in Petersham, which, before the 
railway was established, was a roadside township of considerable importance, but 
since then has subsided into a mere place of residence for persons occupied in Sydney, 
but living out of town. The surrounding neighbourhood is studded with pretty villas 
and cottage residences, and there are several stores and shops for the supply of the 
necessaries of life. There is a steam flour mill (Boylson's), a brick yard, and a wheel- 
wrights' and farriers' shop in the township. The nearest places are Camperdown, two 
miles E. ; and Ashfield, 2 miles S. W. ; with the former there is communication by 
omnibus, and with the latter by rail and mail coach. With Sydney, 3 miles by rail, 
the communication is by rail or omnibus throughout the day. There are 2 churches 
and 2 schools in Petersham ; the hotels are the Bald Faced Stag, Carter's Home, Wool- 
pack inn, Petersham inn, Wheelwright's Arms, and Cherry Gardens. The surround- 
ing country is undulating, and the geological formation consists of sandstone and clay 
shale. The population is small and scattered. The parish of Petereham contains 
52 acres 3 roods of unsold church and school lands. 

PETERSHAM {Co. Cumberland), an original district, bounded on the S. side by 
the Sydney and Parramatta road, from Iron Cove creek to Blackwattle swamp bridge ; 
and on all other sides by the harbour of port Jackson. 

PETR0LIA VALE {Co. Cook) is a smaU valley, lying 4 miles N.E. from Hart- 
ley, where mines of kerosene mineral or shale have recently been opened by the Hart- 
ley and the West Hartley or Great Western kerosene compames. See Hartley. 



454 



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[Pet— Pia 



PETWYNN VALLEY CHEEK ( Co. Brisbane) is a tributary of the Kingdon 
ponds. It rises in mount Tinagroo, and flows S.E. into the main stream at the village 
of Wingen. Sandstone and shale. 

PEVENSEY BACK RUN STATION {Murrumbidgee district); occupiers, 
Lang, T., and Gideon, S.; area, 48,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The 
nearest post town is Hay. Old charges, £40 ; new appraisement, £90. 

PEVERIL STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, De Sailly, G. P.; area, 64,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

PHELPS' MOUNT (Co. Selwyn) is a lofty peak on the Adelong gold fields, and 
lying about 12 miles S.W. of the township of Adelong. Metaniorphic schists. 

PHELPS' No. 2 STATION (Lachlan district). See Chadwick. 
PHELPS' No. 3 STATION (Lachlan district). See Chadwick. 
PHILIP'S RIVER (Co. Georgiana). See Phil's River. 

PHILLIP is a county, bounded on the N. by the river Goulburn from its source 
near the head of Wialdrar creek, to the junction of Widdin creek ; on the N. W. by 
Wialdrar creek to the Cudgegong river ; on the S. by the Cudgegong river from its 
source at mount Durambang to Wialdrar creek. Its length is 53 miles, and its 
breadth 41 miles, and contains 1,035,520 square acres. The following parishes are 
situated on the S. side of the county, viz. : — Dabee, Tongabong, Louee, the parishes 
in the remaining parts being yet unnamed. The population numbers 1652 persons. 
The principal town is Dabee. The number of freehold landholders in this county is 
119, and of leaseholders 58. The extent of land in cultivation is 4064 acres. Under 
wheat, there are 2312 acres ; under maize, 945J acres ; under barley, 27^ acres ; under 
oats, 55^ acres ; and under tobacco, 1 acre. Live stock,— 3746 horses, 8626 horned 
cattle, 88,944 sheep, and 1778 pigs. 

PHILLIP (Co. Cook) is one of the original districts ©f the county, bounded on 
the N. side by a W. line passing from Howe's N. side ; on the W. side by a S. line to. 
the Hawkesbury river, touching the W. side of Singleton farm ; and on the S. and E. 
sides by the Hawkesbury river. 

PHILLIP'S (or Mooriloo) CREEK {Co. Buclcland) is a name given to the E. 
head of the Conadilly river. It rises near mount Parry, and flows N. about 12. 
miles. Upper and middle palaeozoic. 

PHILLIP^ CREEK STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, TraiL 
Clive, and Hamilton ; area, 19,840 acres; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. Charges, 
£50. 

PHILLIP'S MOUNT ( Co. Cowley) is a peak in the rugged scrubby ranges, lying 
a few miles to the N. of Bolairo, and near the head of Alum creek. Metamorphic 
slate. 

PHIL'S CREEK ( Co. King). See Geeringreemah Creek. 

PHIL'S (or Philip's) RIVER (Co. Georgiana) is a W. tributary of the Bolong 
river, rising iu the scrubby country N.E. of Bindi, and flowing N.E. about 10 miles. 
It is fed by the Long Nose and Berrell's creeks. Limestone and slate. 

PHCENIX PARK (called by the natives Narraga:h) ( Co. Durham). It is an 
estate in the county, formed by the Paterson and Hunter rivers, where they approach 
to within 200 yards of each other ; they enclose between their deep channels this 
peninsula of about 1200 acres of alluvial land, forming a dead level. A portion of this 
peninsula was a few years ago laid out into a village called Trafalgar, opposite to the 
town of Morpeth. 

PIALLAM0RE STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Gill, John ; 
area, 6000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £20. 

PIALLAWAY, E. BY N., STATION (Liverpool 2^ciins district); occupiers, 

Christian and Skinner ; area, 5760 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. 
Charges, £40. 

PIALLAWAY, W. BY N. STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, 

Christian and Skinner ; area, 8700 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. 
Charges, £40. 



Pia— Pig] 



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455 



PIALY STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupiers, Bucknell, C. W., A. W., and 
F. N. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Old charges, 
£31 10s. ; new appraisement, £35. 

PIAMBONG CKEEK (Co. Wellington) is a S. tributary of the Cudgegong 
river, rising in the scrubby ranges to the W. of Mudgee, and flowing through the 
unsurveyed country to the N. of those ranges into the main stream near Wiadere. It 
is fed by the Dog Trap and Dirt Hole creeks. The geological formation is meta- 
morphic slate. 

PIAMBRA CREEK (Co. Napier, Bligh district) is a small E. tributary of the 
upper part of the Castlereagh river. Basalt, with alluvial deposit. 

PIAN CREEK (Liverpool plains district) is a drainage creek of the Namoi river, 
rising in the flat pastoral country to the N. of the Barabool plains, and flowing W. 
into the main stream near Walgett. Silurian, with pliocene tertiary drift. 

PIANENG MOUNT ( Co. Camden) is a conical peak of the Mittagong range of 
hills, lying on the S. bank of the Wingecanbee river, about 16 miles W. of Berrima. 
Sandstone and trap rock. 

PIBB0N STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Cameron, A. ; estimated area; 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £32 ; the recently 
appraised rental is £30. 

PICKERING'S PEAK (Co. Wellesley) is a lofty hiU in a range of metamorphic 
slate hills, running between the Undowah and Camalong rivers. It lies about 10 
miles N. of Bombala. Porphyritic granite and quartz-bearing slate. 

PICTON, UPPER and LOWER, 34° 13' S. lat. 150° 35' E. long. {Co. Camden), is 
a postal township in the electoral district of Camden, and police district of Camden, 
Narellan and Picton. It lies on the Stoneyquarry creek, and on the main telegraph 
line from Sydney to Melbourne. The district is an agricultural one, and Picton is 
chiefly important as being, at present, the terminus of the Great Southern line of 
railway from Sydney. It lies 52 miles S.W. of Sydney, and is the place whence 
Cobb's line of coaches for Braidwood and Melbourne, via Goulburn and other south- 
ern and inland townships start. The principal hotels are the George (Hilder's) and 
the Campbell's. There is a post and money order office, and a telegraph station in 
the township ; also, branches of the Sydney, Liverpool and London and Globe, _ and Aus- 
tralian Mutual Provident Insurance companies. The population numbers about 400 
persons. To the N. of the township, and at a distance of 2 miles, are 11,428 acres of 
unsold church and school land, lying on the E. side of the Werriberree creek. Sand- 
stone and Wianamatta shales. 

PIEDMONT STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Capel, Daniel ; area, 49,920 
acres ; grazing capability, 1280 head of cattle. The old charges were £80 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £100. 

PIER CREEK (Co. Bligh) is a small E. tributary of the Slapdash creek. It is 
crossed by the Cooyal and Mendooran road. Metamorphic slate. 

PIER HEAD (Co. Northumberland) is a rocky promontary lying about 8 miles N. 
of Cabbage Tree head, and about 12 miles N. of the entrance to the Tuggerah lake. 
Sandstone. 

PIER PIER, E., STATION (Bligh district) ; occupiers, Allison and Matthews; 
area, 15,800 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Mem- 
Mem. Old charges, £30 ; new appraisement, £60. 

_ PIER-PIER STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Blaekman, Sam. Alfred ; 
estimated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Merri-Merri. The old charges were £33 8s. 9d. ; the recently appraised 
rental is £160. 

PIESLEY'S CREEK (Co. Bathurst) is a small W. tributary of the Rocky 
Bridge creek, flowing through rough swampy country, about 10 miles S.E. Lower 
Silurian. 

PIGEON CREEK (Co. Roxburgh) is a small auriferous N. tributary of the 
Cheshire creek. Sandstone, limestone, and clay slate. 

PIGEON HOUSE (or Diddel Mount) (Co. St. Vincent) is a remarkable peaked 



456 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



hill of the Budawang range, lying in 35° 21' S. lat., and about 12 miles W. from the 
coast at Ulladulla. From the sea it forms a prominent landmark, and received its 
name from Captain Cook, on account of its resemblance to a dove house, with a dome 
at its top. This mountain attains an elevation of 23-40 feet above the level of the sea. 
Sandstone. 

PILAGALALA (or Sugar Loaf) CREEK ( Co. Wynyard), a small tributary 
of the Pulletop creek, rising in the Sugar Loaf hill, and lowing S., about 10 miles, 
through thick scrubby country. Granite and trap rock. 

PILCHER'3 MOUNT (Co. Durham) is a lofty peak of the mount Eoyal range, 
lying about 6 miles N.W. of the township of Dungog, and is somewhat celebrated for 
the numerous caverns and fissures which are found in it. Its geological formation is 
generally ferruginous sandstone and limestone. 

PXLIGA STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Newman, Henry R. ; 
area, 51,200 acres ; grazing capability, 1100 head of cattle. Old charges, £66 13s. 3d.; 
new appraisemement, £110. 

PXLLAGOWARXNA LOWER STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Gar- 
diner, J. A.; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £30 ; the recently appraised rental is £10. 

PILLAN RANGE (Co. Clarence) is a range of rugged scrubby hills, lying 
about 10 miles E. of the township of Grafton, in tolerably good pastoral country. 
They overlook a fertile valley on the S.W. side, called Pillar valley. Carbonaceous 
sandstone. 

PILLAR VALLEY (Co. Clarence) is a grassy gully, or valley, lying between 
the Pillar range of hills on the N.E., and a low range on the S.W., about 10 miles E. 
of Grafton. Carbonaceous sandstone. 

PXLLXGAWARXNA STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Smith, Henry ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle and 4000 sheep. Old charges, 
£42 16s. 3d. ; new appraisement, £70. 

PILOT HILL CREEK {Co. Selwyn) is a small tributary of the upper Murray, 
rising in the Pilot peak of the Great Dividing range, and flowing through a rugged 
and densely-scrubbed country in a W. direction about 10 miles. The water is pure 
and fine. The geological formation consists of greenstone diorite, felstone, and felspar 
porphyry. In the summer season the banks of this creek are often overflowed by the 
melted snow from the ranges. 

PILOT, THE (Co. Selwyn), is a very remarkable mountain, formed of coarse 
granite rock, and destitute of timber on the summit, the gullies at the base being 
thickly timbered with gum scrub. It is in the S. of the Muniong range, and is 
situated near the head of the Murray river. It stands about 3 miles N. of Forest 
hill, the place whence the dividing line between New South Wales and Victoria is 
drawn, to cape Howe. Granite and trap rock. 

PILOT, THE ( Co. Wynyard), is a high peak, lying to the N. of the Bago reserve, 
and at the head of Darlow's creek, in rugged, pastoral country. Metamorphic slate 
and granite. 

PIMPARA PLAINS STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Darchy, Thomas ; 
area, 44,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Booligal. 
The old charges were £30 4s. ; the recently appraised rental is £75. 

PINBEYAN STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Wallis, Richard ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £25. 

PINCHGUT ISLAND (or Mattewae) (Co. Cumberland). See Denison Fort. 

PINCH RIVER ( Co. Wallace) is a fine stream, rising in the rugged and lofty 
Snowy mountains, and flowing in a S.E. direction about 30 miles, into the Snowy 
river. Granite, trap rock, and quartz- bearing slate. 

PINDARI STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Lawson, J. Watson ; 
area, 07,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The old charges were £60 ; the 
recently app raised rental is £120. 



Pin— Pip] 



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4:57 



PINEBRUSH CEEEK (Co. Raleigh) is a small drainage creek, falling into the 
aea about 8 miles X. of the Bellinger river. Sandstone. 

PINEGOBLA STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Eather, Charles ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £25. 

PINE MOUNTAIN (Co. Buccleugh) is a peak in a group of hills, lying in the 
parish of Killimicat, about 7 miles N. of the town of Tumut, and 2 miles W. of the 
village reserve of Wyangle. Older volcanic. 

P^PINE SCRUB STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Richardson, A. H ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Coo- 
namble. The old charges, £31 ; new appraisement, £56. 

PINE TREE STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Windeyer, John and 
W. C. ; area, 16,000 acres j grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Young. Charges, £30. 

PINEY RANGE (Co. Ooulhurn) is a small agricultural and pastoral village, in 
the electoral district of the Hume and police district of Albury, situated about 32 
miles N.W of the township of Germanton, with which place there is communication 
on horseback only, and with Sydney from that place by coach to Picton, and thence 
by rail. The population is small and scattered, and the surrounding country consists 
generally of steep granite ranges thickly timbered, and having occasional patches of 
good agricultural land, taken up by small settlers. The district is, however, chiefly 
pastoral. * 

PINEY RANGE (Co. Hume) is a chain of low hills, lying on the S. bank of the 
Billabong creek, to the N.W. of Albury. Granite and schist. 

PINEY RANGE CREEK (Co. Hume), a smaU S. tributary of the BiUabong 
creek, rising in the W. extremity of Mane's range (the Piney range), and flowing 
through pastoral country about 15 miles N. Granite and schist, 

PINEY RANGE STATION [Murrumhidgee district) ; occupiers, Rudd and 
Jackson ; area, 1860 acres ; grazing capability, 245 head of cattle. The nearest post 
town is Germanton. 01- 1 charges, £32 10s. ; new appraisement, £62 10s. 

PINEY RANGE STATION (Murrumhidgee district) ; occupiers, Simmons and 
Murphy ; area, 12,800 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Germanton. The old charges were £34 ; the recently appraised rental is £62 10s. 

PINEY SAND HILLS STATION (Murrumhidgee district) ; occupiers, Rudd 
and Jackson ; area, 12,600 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

' PINK HILLS ( Co. Clyde) is a group of low sandstone hills, on the W. bank 
of the Bogan river, about 32 miles S. E. of Bourke. 

PINNACLE CREEK (Co. Murchison) is a small W. tributary of Maule's 
creek, flowing through rich undulating pastoral country, lightly wooded and finely 
grassed. Basalt, with deep black alluvial deposit. 

PINNACLE CREEK (Co. Phillij)) is a small creek, draining the Pinnacle swamp 
in the parish of Tongbong into the Cudgegong creek. Ferruginous sandstone and. 
conglomerate. 

PINNACLE MOUNT (Co. Ashbumham) is a peak lying near the Weddin moun- 
tains, to the N. E. of Forbes. There is a police station in the neighbourhood, and 3 
reefs (Croker's, Soldier's, and Ironbark). The ground is patchy. Trap and quartz- 
iferous slate. 

PINNACLE STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Roger, Feehily ; area, 
26,880 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £60. 

PINNACLE SWAMP (Co. Phillip) is a tract of alluvial ground, much of which 
is swampy, lying on the N. bank of the Cudgegong river, in the parish of Tongbong, 
and about 4 miles N.W. of the town of Rylstone. It is cut up into allotments, mostly 
taken up for agricultural purposes. Sandstone, with alluvial and fluviatile deposit. 

PIPECLAY CREEK (Co. Durham) is a small stream, Mowing into the estuary 
of the Karuah river. Sandstone, shale, and limestone. 



458 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Pip — Ple 



PIPE CLAY CREEK (Co. Phillip). See Euryundurry Cbeek. 

PIPE CLAY RANGE ( Co. Wellesley) is a ridge of hills in the bold undulating 
pastoral country to the S.W. of Nimmitibel. Metamorphic slate and shale. 

PIPER POINT (Co. Cumberland) is a rocky promontory on the S. side of port 
Jackson, forming the W. head of Rose bay. The estate of Woollahra is situated on 
this promontory. The point lies about 2| miles S. W. of the inner S. head. Sand- 
stone. 

PIPER'S CREEK {Co. Bathurst.) See Pepper Creek. 

PIPER'S CREEK {Co. Macquarie) is a W. tributary of Maria's river, crossing 
the road from port Macquarie to Kempsey. Sandstone. 

PIPER'S FLAT (Co. Roxburgh) is an auriferous fiat, at the head of Little 
Oakey creek, and forming part of the Wattle flat gold field. Granite, limestone, and 
clay shale. 

PIPERSTOWN (Co. Cumberland) is a village, situated in the parish of Peter- 
sham, and in the hundred of Sydney, on the Parramatta road, about 3 miles from 
Sydney, opposite the Petersham racecourse. 

PITNACREE (Co. Northumberland) is an agricultural district, on the banks of 
the Hunter river, within the municipal boundary of East Maitland. It is known as 
the crossing place of the road from East Maitland to Largs (or Dunmore). A punt has 
hitherto been used at the crossing, but a fine fridge is at present in course of erection, 
and will be a great public boon when completed. Sandstone and shale. 

PITT TOWN (native name Burdonaring) (Co. Cumberland) is a postal township, 
in the parish of Pitt town, electoral district of the Hawkesbury, and police district of 
Windsor. It is situated three-quarters of a mile from the Hawkesbury river, which lies 
IT. W. The district is an agricultural one. Windsor is 3| miles distant W. , and Wilber- 
force 2 miles N.W. To neither places are there any public conveyances. With Sydney, 
36 miles S.E. , the communication is by rail from the Mulgrave station, distant 3 
miles. There is 1 hotel, the Maid of Australia. The roads in the neighbourhood are 
under the control of a local board. The surrounding country is low and flat, except 
to the E. , where it is undulating. The geological formation is sandstone. The popu- 
lation numbers 250 persons. There is a school, and a chapel, and burial ground in the 
township. 

PITT WATER (Co. Cumberland) is a fine harbour, and the S. arm of Broken 
bay, running in a S. direction from near the entrance of that bay about 8 miles, 
and separated from the sea by a narrow tongue of land, consisting of rocky cliffs 
called Barrenj uey. Pitt water has deep water for the largest ships, and good and 
secure anchorage. It is often made a harbour of refuge for coasting vessels and 
steamers, passengers being able to reach Sydney by going overland to Balgowlah, 
thence across the ferry at Middle harbour (port Jackson) to the North Shore, and 
thence, from St. Leonard's, by ferry to Sydney. The entrance to the harbour is 
defined by two rocky promontories, known as the S. and W. heads, respectively ; and 
inside, and on the E. shore, is a small bay with deep water, called Careel bay, the 
S. head of which is known as Taylor's point. Higher up is an island called Scotland 
island. The whole of the locality is justly celebrated for the beauty of its scenery, 
and is a favourite trip by water for excursion parties. In the sea cliffs, and close to 
Careel bay, is a remarkable rocky projection, forming a rude archway, and known as 
the Hole in the Wall ; and also a large cave, called St. Michael's cave, high up in the 
cliffs, but easily accessible. The surrounding district is taken up by a number of 
small settlers, Pitt Water was discovered by Governor Phillip during his excursion 
to examine Broken bay, in March, 1788. 

PITT WATER, LITTLE (Co. Cumberland). See Little Pitt Water. 

PLAINS CREEK (Co. Harden), a small drainage creek on the Cunningham 
plains, flowing W. about 4 miles into the Cunningham creek at Murrimboola. Lime- 
stone and slate. 

PLAINS CREEK (Co. Lincoln) is a small S. tributary of the Erskine river. 
Slate and shales. 

PLEASANT MOUNT (Co. Bathurst) is a high hill overhanging the township of 



Ple — Pol] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



459 



the same name, on the N. side. It lies in Evans' plains, and on the S. bank of the 
Macquarie river. Granite. 

Also, a small hamlet at the foot of the same hill, 4 miles N. W. of Bathurst. 

PLEASANT MOUNT {Co. Camden). See Burrowang. 

PLEASANT MOUNT ( Co. Goulburn). See Narra-narra-wah. 

PLOMER PORT ( Co. Macquarie) is a bold promontory standing out from the 
land, about 8 miles N. of port Macquarie entrance. Sandstone. 

PLOUGHED GROUND ( Co. Camden) is a tract of country lying on the road 
from the Wollondilly to Berrima, 91| miles from Sydney. This place is distinguished 
by the name of the Ploughed Ground, from a remarkable resemblance the ground 
bears to land which has been tilled. These parallel ridges, at very regular distances, 
which are observable on the natural surface in different parts of the colony, have 
never been satisfactorily accounted for. They much resemble the wave-like surface 
sometimes left on soft earth, from which agitated waters have receded, and may be 
the remains of that character as impressed on the earth when it first emerged from 
the deluge. 

PLOVER ISLAND {Co. Clarence) is a small rocky islet, lying close to the coast, 
about 20 miles S. of the entrance to the Clarence river. Sandstone. 

PLUMBAGO CREEK ( Cos. Bulla and dive) is a fine stream, rising in the 
ranges to the W. of Barney downs, and flowing E. about 50 miles into the Clarence 
river, near Tabulam. There is a fine waterfall on this creek, called Gerad's falls. The 
township of Drake is situated on the lower part of the creek. Sandstone and slate. 

PLUMBOLAH No. 1 STATION, (Warrego district) ; occupier, Sparke, Edward 
J. ; area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32. 

PLUMBOLAH No. 2 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Sparke, Edward 
J.; area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32. 

PLUM PUDDING HILL {Co. Mitchell) is a peak, lying on the E. of the road 
from Wagga-Wagga to Albury, about 10 miles S. of the former place. The country 
is rugged and suited to pastoral purposes. Metamorphic slate and granite. 

P0CKATAR00 BEHIND STATION {Liverpool plains district); occupier, 
Pearce, J. ; area, 30, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Walgett. Old charges, £30 Is.; new appraisement, £270. 

P0CKATAR00 STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Pearce, J.; esti- 
mated area, 61,440 acres ; grazing capability, 2560 head of cattle. The nearest post 
town is Walgett. The old charges were £160 ; the recently appraised rental is £470. 

P0CUPAP (or Table) MOUNT {Co. Rous) is a detached peak, lying between 
the Tooloom and Clarence rivers, to the W. of M 'Lean's station. Sandstone. 

P0INCAIN {Co. Wynyard) is a small hamlet on the Darling river, about 80 
miles N.N. E. of Wentworth. It has 1 hotel, the Poincain (M 'Donald's), and a small 
scattered population. Pliocene tertiary. 

P0LEBANGI CREEK {Co. Baradine, Liverpool plains district) is a small E. 
tributary of the Baradine creek, draining rich flat pastoral country. Basalt, with 
deep black alluvial deposit. 

POLICE POINT STATION {Lacldan district) ; occupier, Cornish, E. B. ; area, 
38,400 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Hay. 
The old charges were uncertain ; the recently appraised rental is £315. 

POLLY BROWN STATION {Bligh district); occupier, Bell, Henry; estimated 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Walgett. The old charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £100. 

POLLY BROWN BACK STATION {Bligh district); occupier, Bell, Henry ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Walgett. Charges, £30. 

POLO STATION {Warrego district) ; occupier, Bloxham, Harry D. ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Bourke. Charges, 



460 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Pom — Por 



POMANY MOUNT (Co. Phillip) is a lofty peak in the mountainous country- 
lying between the Widdin brook and the Emu creek, about 36 miles N.EL of Dabee. 
The district is available for grazing purposes only, and is heavily timbered and 
scrubby. Sandstone. 

POMNAIRA CREEK (Co. Wellington) is a small tributary of the Green Valley 
creek, draining with its numerous small tributaries the low scrubby ranges to the E. 
of the Tambaroora gold field. It flows through auriferous country, the geological 
formatiou being metamorphic. 

PONDS CEEEK (Co. Wellington) is a small tributary of the head of the Gow- 
dawada creek, flowing in the Louisa creek gold field. Metamorphic. 

PONTO HILL (Co. Gordon) is an elevation on the W. bank of the Macquarie 
river, about 10 miles N.W. of Wellington. Metamorphic slate. 

POETEBADGERY PLAINS (Murrwmbidgee district) is situated on the Mur- 
rumbidgee river. This plain is about 2 miles in breadth, by about 3| miles in length. 
It is surrounded, apparently, on every side by hills. The Murrumbidgee river, running 
E. and W., forms its S. boundary. The soil of the plain is of the richest description. 

POOLE MOUNT (Albert district). See Red Hill. 

P00LIEE STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, McLean, A. and W., junr. ; 
area, 34,560 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £80 10s. 

P00MPAR LAKE (Co. Wahool). See Coomarooy Lakes. 
P00NCAREE BACK PLAINS STATION (Darling district) ; occupiers, Phelps 
and Leckey ; area, 32, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

P00NCAREE STATION (Da-ding district) ; occupiers, Phelps and Leckey ; 
area, 30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Old charges, £46 4s. ; new 
appraisement, £160. 

P00NETA LAKE (Co. Wahool). See Coomarooy Lakes. 

P0PAKURA No. 1 STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Brougham, John; 
area, 32,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

P0PXGA, W. , STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Frazer, A. W. ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

POPILTA STATION (Darling district); occupier, Richardson, H.; area, 53,750 
acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £36. 

P0P0NG CREEK (Co. Wallace) is a smaU tributary of the Snowy river. 
Granite, trap rock, and quartz-bearing slate. 

P0P0NG STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Woodhouse, James ; area, 
15,000 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Charges, £68 2s. 6d. 

P0PPAIBARRA CREEK (Co. Macquarie) is a small N. tributary of the 
Hastings river. Sandstone and limestone. 

POPPET CREEK (Co. Buccleugh), a small E. tributary of Jeremiah creek, 
rising in Macpherson's swamp, and flowing N.W. about 4 miles. Limestone and 
slate. 

P0PP0NG (Co. Hunter) is a high mountain, attaining an elevation of 2500 feet 
above sea level, and being a peak of the Hunter range. It lies at the head of Doyle's 
creek, about 24 miles W. of the township of Broke. Sandstone. 

PORCUPINE STATION (Darling district) ; occupiers, Reid, William L. and 
R. T. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

P0RINGI OUTER STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, McFarlane, Peter ; 
area, 61,440 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

PORING! STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, McFarlane, Peter ; area, 
51,206 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £35. 

PORTO BAY (Co. Cumberland) is a small indentation into the land on the S. 
side of Broken bay, lying about 64 miles from the entrance. Sandstone. 

PORT MAC&UARIE, 31° 25' S. lat., 152° 54' E. long. (Co. Macquarie), is a 



Por] 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



461 



postal township, founded by the Government, in the electoral district of the Hastings, 
and police district of port Macquarie, situated on the sea coast at the entrance of the 
river Hastings, and 6 miles from the junction of the Wilson river. There are 3 
islands in the Hastings, viz. , Large and Small Rawdon islands, and Koree island ; 
also 2 islands in the Wilson river. Mount Cairncross is situated 24 miles W. The 
district is an agricultural and pastoral one, there being no mining within a considerable 
distance. There is 1 soap and candle manufactory in the township. The nearest 
townships are E. and W. Kempsey, 42 miles N. W. , with which places there is .com- 
munication by horse and boat. With Sydney, 240 miles S. , the communication is by 
horse to Raymond terrace by road, and thence by steamer, the mail route. Sailing 
vessels of small tonnage trade directly between port Macquarie and Sydney, carrying 
passengers and cargo. The principal exports are maize, tallow, hides, and dairy pro- 
duce. There is 1 public hospital in the township, supported by voluntary contri- 
butions from the whole of the district. There is a church of England, and a Roman 
catholic church, and Presbyterian and Wesleyan chapels, a church of England and a 
National school, a gaol, post office, and court house (in which courts of quarter and 
petty sessions and the district court are held) • also 2 hotels, the Shamrock and the 
Speed the Plough ; and several stores, most of the buildings being constructed of 
brick. There is a good racecourse, at which annual races take place. A pilot and 
boat crew are stationed at port Macquarie. There are branches of the Sydney, and 
Liverpool and London and Globe insurance companies in the town. There is a con- 
siderable trade betwixt this port and New England, which is carried on entirely by 
bullock drays, a large quantity of wool being shipped every season, and supplies being 
forwarded from Sydney, in return, for the squatting stations in the interior. Port 
Macquarie is under the control of a police magistrate and justices of the peace ; it is 
also the head-quarters for the police of the district. The surrounding country is 
mountainous, and interspersed with rich alluvial valleys of small extent, comprising 
a considerable area of low swampy ground, which might be drained with facility and 
rendered available for agricultural purposes. The district abounds in excellent lime- 
stone. The geological formation is carbonaceous sandstone. The population of the 
district numbers about 1600 persons. The number of dwellings in the township is 
about 120. 

Port Macquarie is a police district, embracing a central portion of the county of 
Macquarie ; commencing at Camden haven, and bounded thence on the E. by the sea 
N. to Crescent head ; thence on the N. by a line bearing N. W. to the range dividing 
the waters of the Macleay and Hastings rivers, and by that range W. to Kippara ; 
on the W. by a line from Kippara to mount Sea View, and thence by a line bearing 
S.W. to the confluence of the Manning and Barnard rivers, to the range dividing the 
waters of the Hastings and Manning rivers ; and on the S. by that range, E., and by 
the range from that range, dividing the waters of Queen's and Watson Taylor's lake, 
to the North Brother mountain ; and thence by a line E. to Camden haven, aforesaid. 
The place of petty sessions is port Macquarie. 

PORT MACQ,UABIE (Co. Macquarie) is the embouchure of the Hastings river, 
its entrance lying N.N.W. about 2| miles from Tacking point. It is a bar harbour, 
and is dangerous of access, on account of the banks of sand that project from the 
low N. sandy point of entrance, on which the sea breaks and forms sand rollers ; 
they, however, serve to indicate the edge of the channel, which is about 90 yards 
wide. The S. shore takes a N. JS . W. direction, from Tacking point to Green mound 
(a remarkable conical shaped hillock), and thence the S. shore of the entrance trends 
nearly W. to the narrow entrance opposite Penguin point. 

POUT STEPHENS (native name Carrabean) {Co. Gloucester) is the estuary 
of the Myall river, and a beautiful harbour, the entrance points being named Yacoba 
and Tomaree. Within the entrance are large sand banks. The estuary is about 15 
miles in length. It forms a harbour little inferior to port Jackson, but at present 
only used as a harbour of refuge. The tidal rise is 6 feet. The lighthouse is a 
circular white tower, built of stone, is 60 feet high to the centre of the lantern, and 
built upon a knoll 66 feet above the level of the sea ; the light will consequently be 
126 feet above that level, and will be seen in clear weather from a ship's deck at a 
distance of 17 miles, showing a flash white and red light, alternately, every minute. 
The lighthouse is situated in 32 3 44' 37" S. lat., 152 3 13' E. long., and from which 
Morna point bears S. 50° W. ; E. extremity of Broughton isles, N. 37° E. ; Little 
island, N. 28° E. j Bondelbah (highest peak), N. 22' E. ; centre of Cabbagetree 



462 



The Nev) South Wales Gazetteer. [Pot — Pri 



island, N. 12° E. ; Yacoba head peak, 1ST. 8° W. ; South, head peak (or Tomeree), N. 
29° W. The light, with the exception of being slightly interrupted by the islands, 
will be visible seaward from all points of an arc of 193°. 

Port Stephens is a police district, embracing the midland and N.W. portions of 
the county of Gloucester, and bounded on the N. from the sea, at the entrace to 
Wallis' lake, about 4 miles N.W. from Cape Hawke, by a line, W., through Wallis' 
lake to the mouth of the Wollomba river, and by that river to an E. boundary line of 
the Australian Agricultural company's grant of 464,640 acres, and by that boundary 
bearing N. to the corner of that grant, near Millstone hill ; thence by a line bearing 
N.W. to the confluence of the Gloucester river with the Manning river, and by the 
Manning river to its source in the Mount Royal range ; on the W. by that range, and 
the range dividing the waters of the Williams' river from those of the Manning and 
Karuah rivers, to the road from Clarence town to Sawyer's point ; on the S. by 
that road to Sawyer's point and by the S. shore of port Stephens ; and on the E. by the 
sea to the entrance of Wallis' lake, aforsaid. The places of petty sessions are Stroud 
and port Stephens. 

P0TACING0GA STATION [Albert district) ; occupier, Haughton, S. F., S. T., 
and S. G. ; area, 38,400 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Perry. Charges, £31. 

P0TTEN CREEK (Co. King) is a small S. tributary of the Crookwell river, 
flowing into it about 6 miles W. of the township of Binda. Slate and shales. 

P0TTINGER is a county in the pastoral district of Liverpool plains. It con- 
tains 9033 acres of alienated land, and 1,526,965 acres unalienated. The present 
boundaries, however, are open to modification. 

POTT'S POINT (Co. Cumberland) is a rocky promontory on the S. shore of port 
Jackson, lying between Rushcutter's bay on the E., and Woolloomooloo bay on the 
W. It is a favorite place for suburban residences, which are numerous on both sides 
Macleay street (the main street leading from Darlinghurst to the point). Sandstone. 

POUND, THE STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Murrell and 
McAllum ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £25. 

P0TJNI MOUNT (Co. Murray), a bold and lofty hill, lying on the N. W. of the 

Yass plains, and forming a landmark for the surrounding country. Granite. 

PREMER STATION (Bone Creek) (Liverpool plains district); occupiers, Allen, 
Street, and. Norton ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. The old 
charges were £80 ; the recently appraised rental is £110 2s. 6d. 

PRESERVATION, OR ROCKY GLENS, CREEK (Albert district) is a tribu- 
tary of the Rocky creek, flowing in an E. direction. Ferruginous sandstone. 

PRETTY GULLY DIGGINGS (Co. Drake). See Timbarra. 

PRETTY PLAINS (Co. Bathurst) is the name applied to a tract of fine agri- 
cultural land in the parish of Shadforth, and on the road from Bathurst to Orange, 
about 9 miles S. E. of Orange. It lies near the head of the Frederick's valley creek, 
and is mostly taken up by small settlers, under the new Land Act. Granite and 
sandstone. 

PRETTY PLAINS STATION (BUgh district) ; occupier, Lowe, Robert ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

PREULLA STATION (Darling district) ; occupiers, Reid, William L., and R. 
T. ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

PRIMROSE VALLEY (or Princess Valley) CREEK (Co. Murray) is a S. 
tributary of the upper part of the Molonglo river, watering the S. portion of the 
Molonglo plains. It is fed by Antill's creek. Limestone and slate. 

PRINCESS CHARLOTTE VALE CREEK (Co. Bathurst) is a W. tributary 

of the Maccpiarie river, rising in the Three Brothers' range, and flowing N.E. through 
good fertile country, and past the township of mount Pleasant and Evan's plains. 
Colonel Stewart, C. W. Lawson, W. Wall, J. Liscombe, and others, have land on this 
creek, and much of it is now taken up in small farms for agricultural purposes. This 
creek is fed at its upper end by the Fitzgerald's valley creek. Sandstone, limestone, 
and clayey shale. 



Pri— Pro] 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



463 



PRINCESS VALLEY CREEK {Co. Murray). See Primrose Valley 
Creek. 

PRINGrLE'S INN ( Co. Clarence) is a well-known roadside hotel on the roads 
from Grafton to Tabulam and Richmond. ' It lies at the junction of the road from 
Lawrence, and near the head of Pringle's creek, about 30 miles N. of Grafton, and 
15 miles N.W. of Lawrence. Carbonaceous sandstone. 

PRIORY PLAINS BLOCK (A) STATION {Lachhn district); occupiers, Bar- 
ter, C. H., and Moore, F. T.; area, 44,800 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. 
Charges, £31. 

PRIORY PLAINS BLOCK (B) STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Bar- 
her, C. PL, and Moore, F. T. ; area, 44,800 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. 
Charges, £31. 

PRIORY PLAINS BLOCK (C) STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Bar- 
ber, C. PL, and Moore, F. T. ; area, 44,800 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. 
Charges, £31. 

PRIORY PLAINS BLOCK (D) STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Bar- 
ber, C. PL, and Moore, F. T. ; area, 44,800 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. 
Charges, £31. 

PRIORY PLAINS BLOCK (E) STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Bar- 
ter, C. H. , and Moore, F. T. ; area, 44, 800 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. 
Charges, £31. 

PRIORY PLAINS BLOCK (F) STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Bar- 
ter, C. PL, and Moore, F. T. ; area, 44,800 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. 
Charges, £31. 

PRIORY PLAINS BLOCK (G) STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Bar- 
ber, C. PL , and Moore, F. T. ; area, 44, 800 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. 
Charges, £31. 

PRIORY PLAINS BLOCK (H) STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Bar- 
ter, C. H., and Moore, F. T. ; area, 44,800 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. 
Charges, £31. 

PROOA (or Noeyango) LAKE (Co. Taila) is one of a series of lagoons which 
lie on the N. bank of the Murray river, about 10 miles N.E. of Euston, and near the 
confluence of the Murrumbidgee and Murray rivers. Pliocene tertiary. 

PROSPECT {Co. Cumberland) is a postal village in the parish of Prospect, 
electoral district of central Cumberland, and police district of Parramatta. It is 
situated on the Great Western road, about 20 miles from Sydney, near the range called 
the Prospect hills, from the top of which a beautiful view of the surrounding 
country may be attained. The district is agricultural, the farms being small and 
scattered. The nearest places are Blacktown, 3 miles N.W., and Parramatta, 4 miles 
N. E. , at both of which places are railway stations, the communication with them 
being by horse or dray. With Sydney, 20 miles E. , the communication is by rail from 
either of those places. There are 2 hotels, the Prospect, and the Fox under the HilL 
The surrounding country is undulating. The geological formation generally ferruginous 
sandstone, with occasional beds of basaltic rock, and the Prospect hills containing 
rich mineral deposit. There is a blue-stone quarry in Prospect, which supplies a 
great portion of the Sydney and Great Western road contractors with road metal. 
In the parish of Prospect are 830 acres of unsold church and school lands. The 
population, including that scattered over the small farms in the district, numbers 
about 100 persons. 

PROSPECT ( Co. Cumberland), one of the original districts of the county ; 
bounded on the S. side by that part of Cabramatta district to the Eastern creek ; on 
the W. side by that creek ; on the N. by the E . line to the Toongabbee road to Joyce's 
creek, touching Jones' N . E. corner by the old Toongabbee road to Joyce's creek, by 
that creek and Doveney's farm to the road leading from Toongabbee to Prospect ; and. 
on the E. by that road to the Prospect creek. 

PROSPECT CREEK {Co. Cumberland) is a smaU tributary of George's river, 
falling into its lower end. Silurian. 



Tins New South Wales Gazetteer. [Pru — Pun 



PRUNELLA BACK BLOCK (A) STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Fil- 
on, John ; area, 64, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

PRUNELLA BACK BLOCK (B) STATION [Darling district) ■ occupier, 
Filson, John; area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 
12s. 6d. 

PUCKAIWIDG-EE STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Patterson, 
Robert ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, £4000 sheep. Old charges, £40 ; 
new appraisement, £148 lis. 6d. 

PUDDLED0CK CREEK ( Co. Sandon) is a stream, rising near the Devil's pinch, 
and flowing S. through good pastoral country into the Tilbuster ponds, about 6 miles 
N.E. of Armidale. Granite, slate, and limestone. 

PUDGrEWOY (Co. Northumberland). See Tuggerah Beach Lake. 

PUDGrEWOY HILL [Co. Northumberland) is a low hiU, lying to the N.W. of 
the Tuggerah Beach lake, in the parish of Wallarah. Sandstone. 

PUDMAN CREEK [Co. King) is a fine stream, rising and flowing in the Yass 
plains, in a N. W. direction, into the Boorowa river, about 2 miles N. of the township 
of Boorowa. It is fed by the Back creek. Slate and limestone. 

PUGrGrOON CREEK [Co. Bligh) is a N. tributary of the Cudgegong creek, rising 
near the Mudgee and Cobborah road, and flowing S. about 12 miles. Metamorphic 
slate and sandstone. 

PUCKAMEILLY (or Campbell's), S., STATION {Murrumbidgee district);, 
occupier, Hughes, John B. ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 160 head of cattle 
and 6000 sheep. Old charges, £17 10s. ; new appraisement, £20. 

PULBAH ISLAND (Co. Northumberland) is a small sandy island, in lake Mac- 
qnarie. Raised sand. 

PULLAMING STATION {Liverpool plains district); occupier, Brown, John; 
area, 99, 840 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. The old charges were £80 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £300. 

PULLETOP (or Burke's) CREEK (Co. Mitchell, Murrumbidgee district) is a 
tributary of the Billabung creek, rising in mount Yerong, and flowing S.E. about 36 
miles, through rough pastoral country. The lower part of this creek is better known 
as the upper Forest creek. It is fed by the Pilagalala creek. Slate, charged with 
mineral veins. 

PULLETOP STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Cox and Keane ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The nearest post town is Tar- 
cutta. The old charges were £66 ; the recently appraised rental is £88. 

PULLIN'S CREEK (Co. Bathurst) is a small auriferous E. tributary of the 
Lewis' Ponds creek, falling into it near Pullin's ponds. Sandstone and slate. 

PULLIN'S PASS (Co. Bathurst) is a pass through the low scrubby ranges, 
bordering the lower end of the Lewis' Ponds creek, on the road from Ophir to Tamba- 
roora. Granite and sandstone. 

PULPIT HILL (Co. Cook) is a lofty peak of the Blue mountains, on the Great 
Western road, lying about 70 miles W. of Sydney, and between the Weatherboard 
and Blackheath. It derives its name from the fact of the Rev. S. Marsden having 
performed Divine service from a peculiarly shaped rock upon it, to the stockade party 
located there. Ferruginous sandstone. 

PULPIT POINT ( Co. Cumberland) is a rocky promontory on the N. side of 
the Parramatta river, lying to the N. of Spectacle island. It takes its name from a 
large mass of sandstone rock, which, having fallen from the cliffs above, stands on 
the bank of the river, and somewhat resembles a pulpit. Sandstone. 

PUMBY CREEK (Co. Durham) is a small W. tributary of the Paterson river, 
flowing into it about 12 miles N. of Hinton. Sandstone and shale. 

PUMPKIN POINT (Co. Gloucester) is a bend in the Karuah river, noted for 
its rich alluvial soil, which grows farm produce in abundance. 

PUNT, THE (Co. Wellesley) is a crossing-place over the Snowy river, on the 



Pun — Pyr] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 465 



road from Gipp's land to Elen, between the Scotchman's and Bobnndera creeks. Gold 
has been found in the plains to the S.E., but only in small quantities. Metamorphic 
slate and basalt. 

PUNPANPA STATION (Lachlan district) • occupier, Campbell, William ; 
area, 44,800 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£61 17s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £144. 

PUON BUON STATION" {Murrumbkljee district) ; occupiers, Trust and Agency 
Co. ; area, 102,400 acres ; grazing capability, 32,000 sheep. Charges, £320. 

PURFLEET {Co. Macquarie) is an agricultural settlement, lying on the Man- 
ning river, near Taree. 

PURGATORY CREEK {Co. Gresham) is a small S. tributary of the Clarence 
river, flowing through scrubby pastoral country. Sandstone. 

PERNANGA STATION" {Albert district) ; occupier, Jones, Lloyd ; area, 64,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £20. 

PURRIMBYDEN MOUNT {Co. Inglis) is a high peaked hill, lying at the head 
of Moore creek, about 2 miles N.W. of the township of Moonbi. Granite. 

PYRAMBANGO MOUNT {Co. Parry) is a peak of the Peel range, lying on the 
S. bank of the Namoi river, and about 4 miles N. N. E. of the township of Carroll. 
Sandstone. 

PYRAMUL ( Co. Wellington) is a mining village, situated on the Pyramul creek, 
and forming part of the Louisa creek gold fields. The district is essentially an alluvial 
mining one, operations being carried on chiefly by puddling. The communication 
with Sydney is via Mudgee (the nearest telegraph station), by Cobb's coach to Pen- 
rith, and thence by rail. The surrounding country is hilly and auriferous. The 
population is included in that of Long creek. 

PYRAMUL CREEK {Co. Wellington) is a fine auriferous stream, rising in mount 
Corcalgong, near the Jonathan's flat gold field, and flowing W. between the Louisa 
creek and Tambaroora gold fields into the Macquarie river at the Pyramul diggings. 
It flows through rugged stringy bark and gum forest country, and is fed by the Tool- 
amanary, Boiga, Tunnabidgee, Waurdong, and Green valley creeks. The geological 
formation is metamorphic. 

PYREE {Co. St. Vincent) is a small agricultural settlement, lying on the S. 
bank of the Shoalhaven river, near the town of Namba. 

PYRMONT BAY {Co. Cumberland) is an indentation on the W. side of Darling 
harbour. It lies opposite the Phcenix wharf. Sandstone. 

PYRMONT {Co. Cumberland) is a suburb of Sydney, in the parish of St. An- 
drew, electoral district of West Sydney, and metropolitan police district. It is 
situated on a tongue of land which divides the Blackwattle cove from Darling har- 
bour, the latter separating it from Sydney. There is, however, a bridge across the 
harbour, having a swing bridge in the middle for the passage of vessels. There is 
also abridge from Pyrmont to the Glebe, across the the Blackwattle cove, and one to 
the Glebe island, across the head of Johnson's bay. The Great Western railway has a 
branch tramway for goods in connection with the terminus, running along the E. side 
of the suburb, it is, however, but little used. Sydney lies on the E. , the Glebe on 
the W., and Balmain on the N. , all separated by water, and the Ultimo estate forms 
the S. or isthmus part of the peninsula. The Australian Steam Navigation Company's 
patent slip and engineering yard for the repair of steamers, lies to the N.E., opposite 
Balmain. The number of men and boys employed in this establishment is 350, who 
are employed in building steamers and in keeping in repair the large fleet of the com- 
pany, a fleet comprising 9 screw steamers, of tonnages ranging up to 1000 tons ; 1 bay 
twin screw steamer, now building in the works ; 10 large paddle steamers, of tonnages 
ranging up to 1000 tons ; and 4 auxiliary steamers, running on the Northern tributary 
rivers — 24 in all. Of these, 23 are in active service, connecting the various colonies 
of Australia, N. , S. , and W. All the new boilers required for these steamers are 
made at the works, the appliances being of the most extensive nature. The engineer's 
department is supplied with 1 large 30 cwt. steam hammer, capable of forging shafts, 
&c., of the largest size ; 2 sets of shear legs, with purchase crane worked by steam 
power, capable of lifting 50 tons ; a patent slip, capable of taking up vessels of 1500 

F f 



466 



The Xew South Wales Gazetteer. [Qua — Que 



tons burthen ; and every convenience for carrying on all branches of the marine 
engineering business, blacksmiths, coppersmiths, plumbers, moulders, carpenters, 
joiners, pattern makers, and mechanists of all kinds requisite being employed. The 
importance of an establishment of this magnitude may be readily understood when it 
is mentioned that ships have, in many instances, been taken up on the slip over night, 
cleaned, examined, repaired, painted, and launched the following day in time to take 
up their stations, to enable them to perform their trips with punctuality. Pyrmont 
has also a bone mill (Short's), and an iron foundry (Hargreaves's). The principal 
hotels are the Land's End (Stubb's), Cooper's Arms (Brennans), and Quarryman's 
Arms (Saunders*) ; and there are numerous stone quarries and brick yards in the 
place. Sandstone. 

QUAKER'S HAT (Co. Cumberland) is a rocky point of peculiar form, on the 
W. side of Middle harbour, and forming the S. head of Long bay. Sandstone. 

QUAL QUATA STATION (Mumimbidtfee district) ; occupier, Ferguson, 
Donald ; area, 51,200 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £50. 

QUAMB0NE (postal name Merri-Merri) ( Co. Gregory) is a postal station in 
the parish of Quambone, electoral district of the Bogan, and police district of Dubbo. 
It is a station belonging to E. Flood and Co., in the district of Bligh, the Castlereagh 
river lying E. S.E. 30 miles; Martaguy creek, 2 miles W. ; and Macquarie river, 12 
miles W. The district is solely pastoral, Coonamble being 50 miles N. E. , and the 
communication being by horse only. "With Sydney, 350 miles S.E., the communication 
is by horse to Mendooran, thence by coach to Penrith, via Dubbo and Wellington, and 
thence by rail. The country is low and sandy, intersected by belts of brigalow scrub 
and box forest, and consisting of open saltbush plains. The geological formation is 
older pliocene tertiary. The population is small and scattered. 

QUAMBONE STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Hoskisson, junr. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Merri- 
Merri. Charges, £45. 

QUANTAMB0NE STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Loder, G.; esti- 
mated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £140 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £187 10s. 

QUAQUINGrAME LAKE (Co. Waradgery) is a swampy lake, covered with 
thick beds of reeds, lying near the confluence of the Murrumbidgee and Lachlan 
rivers, and about 10 miles N.W\ of Maude. Fluviatile drift and pliocene tertiary. 

QUARANTINE COVE ( Co. Cumberland) is a small bay in Spring cove, on the 
W. side of the N. heal, and the E. side of the N. harbour of port Jackson. The 
Quarantine station is near this cove, and the places of interment for those persons 
who have died in Quarantine may be seen on the hill side. Sandstone. 

QUART POT CREEK (Co. St. Vincent) is a small tributary creek of the 
Buckenbowra creek. Trap rock and metamorphic slate. 

QUARTZ RIDGE (Co. Wellington) is a postal village in the parish of Sofala, 
electoral district of East Macquarie, and police district of Bathurst. It is situated 
1 mile from the Turon river, on the road from Bathurst to Tambaroora, and near a 
small watercourse running into the Turon river, called Tripey's creek. Ihe district 
is partly a pastoral and partly a mining one, the latter both quartz and alluviaL 
There are 3 quartz crushing machines in the neighbourhood. The nearest places are 
Tambaroora, 12 miles, Sofala, 14 miles, and Bathurst, 30 miles distant. With these 
places there is communication by horse and dray, the mail being carried on horseback 
thrice a week. With Sydney, 154 miles S.E., the communication is from Bathurst 
by Cobb's coach to Penrith, and thence by rail. There are 2 hotels in Quartz ridge, 
the Quartz Ridge inn and the Rose inn. The surrounding country is mountainous, 
and tolerably well timbered. The geological formation is metamorphic slate, with 
outcropping quartz. The population numbers about 90 persons, chiefly engaged in 
mining pursuits. 

QUEANBEYAN, 35° 20' S. lat., 149° 15' E. long. [Co. Murray) is a postal 
township in the electoral and police districts of Queanbeyan. It is pleasantly situated 
on the Queanbe}-an river, 2 miles S. of the Molonglo river. The district is pastoral 
and agricultural. The nearest place is Bungendore, which lies 18 miles N. E. The 



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road between the two places crosses the river at Queanbeyan by a handsome and 
substantial bridge, built 6 years ago, under the superintendence of Mr. W. H. 
Downey. Queanbeyan has an Odd Fellows' lodge (Happy Hope lodge, No. 4650) ; and 
a newspaper, the Golden Age, is published in the town. Courts of quarter and 
petty sessions, and a district court are held in this township. There is a post and money 
order office and a telegraph station. With Sydney, 190 miles N.E., the communica- 
tion is by Cobb's coach to Picton, via Goulburn, and thence by rail, or via Collector 
and Boro to the Clyde, and thence by steamer. Queanbeyan has branches of the 
Commercial and City banks, and of the United, Sydney, Liverpool and London and 
Globe, and Australian Mutual Insurance companies. The population numbers about 
-550 persons. The geological formation is limestone and metamorphic slate. 

Queanbeyan electoral district embraces the greater portion of the county of 
Murray, and part of the Mona pastoral district ; is bounded on the N., from 
Wolowolar mountain, by the ridge N. W. to Alianoyonyiga mountain, and thence by a 
small gully to lake George, at the village reserve at Kenny's, thence by the jSL margin 
of lake George, and by Cullarin range to the source of Gundaroo creek, and by that 
creek to its confluence with the Yass river, thence by a line bearing S.W. to the range 
connected with One-tree hill, and by that range to One-tree hill, and thence by a line 
bearing W. to the Murrumbidgee river, thence by that river, downwards, to the spur 
range which commences on the left bank of the Murrumbidgee, about half a mile 
below Yeumbra (and which forms the boundary between the Yeumbra and Cavan 
runs), then by that range until it joins the range between the Murrumbidgee and 
Cavan mountain creek ; on the W. by the last-named range until it joins the range 
between the Murrumbidgee and Goodradigbee rivers ; by the last-named range, until 
the spur branches, which divides the waters falling into the Flea creek from those 
going into the Goodradigbee above the Flea creek, and by that range to its termination 
at the confluence of the Flea creek with the Goodradigbee river ; thence by the spur 
range which commences immediately opposite the said confluence, and leads to the 
main dividing range between the Goodradigbee and Tumut rivers, thence by that 
range and the range dividing the falls going direct to the Murrumbidgee from those 
going to the Goodradigbee, Cotter, and Gudjenby rivers, and jSTaas valley creek to 
mount Clear ; thence on the S. by a tributary of Gap creek, and by that creek to the 
Murrumbidgee, and by that river, downward, to the confluence of Micaligo creek, 
by that creek to its head at the Tinderry Pics, thence by a line to the head of Tinderry 
creek, by that creek to the Queanbeyan river, and by that river to its head near 
mount Tumanwong ; and on the E. by the Gourock range to the Wolowolar mountain, 
aforesaid. This electorate comprises the town and country districts of Queanbeyan 
and Bungendore, and returns 1 member to the Legislative Assembly, the present 
representative being J. De Salis, Esq. The number of registered electors in this 
district is 1044, of whom 571 voted at the last general election, 1864-1865. 

Queanbeyan is a police district, embracing the greater portion of the county of 
Murray, and part of the Monaro pastoral district ; and bounded on the N. , from Wol- 
lowolar mountain, by the ridge, N. W. , to Alianoyonyiga mountain, and thence by a 
small gully to lake George, at the village reserve at Kenny's, thence by the N. mar- 
gin of lake George, and by Cullarin range to the source of Gundaroo creek, and by 
that creek to its confluence with the Yass river, thence by a line bearing S. W. to the 
range connected with One-tree hill, and by that range to One-tree hill, and thence by 
a line bearing W. to the Murrumbidgee river, thence by that river, downwards, to 
the spur range which commences on the left bank of the Murrumbidgee, about half 
a mile below Yeumbera, (and which forms the boundary between the Yeumbera and 
Cavan runs), thence by that range until it joins the range between the Murrambidgee 
and Cavan mountain creek ; on the W. by the last-named range, until it joins the range 
between the Murrumbidgee and Goodradigbee rivers, by the last-named range, until the 
spur branches, which divides the waters falling into the Flea creek from those going into 
the Goodradigbee above the Flea creek, and by that range to its termination at the 
confluence of the Flea creek with the Goodradigbee river ; thence by the spur rano-c- 
which co m mences immediately opposite the said confluence, and leads to the main 
dividing range between the Gooclradigbee and Tumut rivers, thence by that rantre 
and the range dividing the falls going direct to the Murrumbidgee from those going 
to the Goodradigbee, Cotter, and Gudjenby rivers, and Naas valley creek to mount 
Clear ; thence on the S. by a tributary of Gap creek, and by that creek to the Mm- 
rumbidgee river, and by that river, downward, to the confluence of Micaligo creek, 



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by that creek to its head at the Tinderry Pics, thence by a line to the head of Tin- 
derry creek, by that creek to the Queanbeyan river, and by that river to its head 
near mount Tumanwong ; and on the E. by the Gourock range to the Wollowolar 
mountain, aforesaid. The places of petty sessions are Queanbeyan, Bungendore, and 
Gundaroo. 

QUEANBEYAN (Co. Murray) is an incorporated district in the county. This 
council consists of 7 members. Its area is 1,209,603 acres. Its boundaries are pre- 
cisely the same as the police district of Queanbeyan. 

QUEANBEYAN RIVER (Co. Murray) is a fine stream, rising in the W. slope 
of the Australian Alps, and flowing N.W. about 35 miles into the Molonglo river at 
the township of Queanbeyan, through which it runs. It also passes through the 
township of Jingery, where it crosses the road from Braidwood to Cooma. It is fed 
by the Tinderry and Burra creeks. The upper part of this river, above its junction 
with the Tinderry creek, forms part of the division between the counties of Murray 
on the N. , and Beresf ord on the S. The country through which it flows is rich and 
undulating, much of it being under cultivation, but the greater part taken up for 
pastoral purposes. Slate and limestone. 

QUEDONG MOUNT {Co. Wellesley) is a hill on the Delegete river, lying about 
16 miles W. of Bombala. The country is extremely broken, the ranges running in 
peaks. The geological formation is chiefly limestone. Specimens of copper and lead 
ores have been found on the face of many a limestone cliff, and mines of both these 
metals are now being successfully worked. There are extensive lead and copper mines 
at Quedong, which, during the year 1864, produced 300 tons of copper ore, valued at 
£7500. 

QUEEN CHARLOTTE VALE CREEK (Co. Bathurst) is a fine stream, rising 
in rugged scrubby country by three heads, and flowing 1ST. E. through fine flat pastoral 
and agricultural land into the Macquarie river, at the town of Bathurst. Its tribu- 
taries, or rather heads, are Bath's, Brown's, and Caloola creeks. The land on the W. 
side of its lower end is taken up by numerous settlers, a large tract of land reserved 
for church and school purposes lying to the E. , between it and the Campbell river. 
It is crossed near mount Evernden, on its E. bank, by the road from Bathurst to 
Rockley. The geological formation is upper and middle palaeozoic. 

QUEENSBOROUGH FLATS STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Jones, 
Alfred T. ; area, 5000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, <£30. 

QUEEN'S LAKE [Co. Macquarie) is the N. part of Camden haven, which see. 

QUERRA CREEK (New England district) is a small N. tributary of the upper 
part of the Macintyre river, crossing the road from Stonehenge to Inverell. Horn- 
blendic granite and schists. 

QUEST A STATION {Albert district); occupiers, Henty and Samson; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

QUIAM0NG STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Kay and Butchart ; 
area, 32, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

QUXARIG0 STATION {Clarence district) ; occupier, Small, W.; area, 13,440 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £45. 

QUILB0NE STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Aarons, Joseph, junr. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

QUINN BARRA STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Lawson, Charles ; 
area, 30,000 acres; grazing capability, 250 head of cattle. Charges, £24 4s. 5d. 

QUIRINDI, 31° 33' S. lat., 150° 18' E. long. (Co. Buckland), is a postal town, 
in the electoral district of upper Hunter, and police district of Murrurundi. It is 
situated on the Old Northern line of road, and on the Quipolly and Jacob and Joseph 
creeks. The district is an agricultural one, the soil being admirably adapted for the 
growth of wheat, cotton, and tobacco. Breeza lies W. 25 miles, Tamworth N. , 45 
miles; Wallabadah E., 10 miles ; and Murrurundi S., 25 miles. A passenger coach 
runs from Narrabri thrice a week, via Breeza, Quirindi, Wallabadah, and Murrurundi 
to Singleton, whence trains run to Newcastle, and steamers thence to Sydney. There 
is 1 hotel, the Bird in Hand (Cook's). The surrounding country is mountainous and 



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469 



scrubby, the geological formation is granite and quartz-bearing slate, and the popula- 
tion numbers about 250 persons. 

QUIRINDI CREEK ( Co. Buchland) is a fine stream, rising in the W. slope of 
the Australian Alps, a few miles N. of mount Temi, and flowing W.N. W. through 
the townships of Wallabadah and Quirindi, where it is crossed by the roads from Mur- 
rurundi to G-oonoo-Goonoo and Attunga respectively into the Conadilly river, after a 
course of about 65 miles through a rugged pastoral country, with occasional patches 
of agricultural land, much of which, particularly at the upper end, is taken up by R. 
Higgins, J. V. Parnell, and others. It is fed by the Kangaroo station, Jacob and 
Joseph, and Cooeypolly creeks. The geological formation is upper and middle palae- 
ozoic. 

QUIRINDI (N) STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Loder, Jas. M.; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. Charges, £70. 

&U0NDARY STATION {Lacklan district); occupier, Harmon; area, 40,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 730 head of cattle. Charges, £56 8s. 2d. 

QU0NM00NA STATION {BUgh district) ; occupier, Neale, John Thos. ; esti- 
mated area, 22,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £32 10s. ; the recently appraised rental is £105. 

(iUORANGALLERY STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Cosgrove, John; 
area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. Charges, £85. 

QUOROBOLONG {Co. Durham) is a small agricultural Adllage lying about 6 
miles from Millfield. 

RACE COURSE LAGOON {Co. Sandon) is a small waterhole, 2 miles S. of the 
town of Uralla, on a flat, liable to inundation in flood time. Alluvial. 

RAGLAN {Co. Roxburgh) is a small agricultural village, lying about 3 miles E. 
of Kelso and Bathurst. The allotments in this village have only been recently sold. 
The grounds of the Bathurst Horticultural, Agricultural, and Pastoral association are 
situated in this village, and annual exhibitions of produce and stock are held there. 
The population is small and scattered. Granite and deep alluvial soil. 

RAINDINGr STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Fletcher, Dugald ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Euston. 
Charges, £30 5s. 

RAINIGATABAH BACK STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, Glass and 
Corrigan ; area, 32, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

RAINIGATABAH STATION ( W arrego district) ; occupier, Peberdy, William ; 
area, 16, 000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

RALEIGH is a county in the pastoral district of Macleay. It contains 1,120,000 
acres of unalienated land. Its present boundaries, however, are open to modification. 

RAM0RNIE STATION {Clarence district) ; occupier, Tindall, C, J., and F. ; 
area, 56,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1500 head of cattle. Charges, £105. 

"RAM'S HEAD CREEK {Co. Selwyn) is a small tributary creek, rising in the 
Ram's Head peak of the Australian Alps, and flowing through rugged and densely 
scrubbed country in a W. direction, about 10 miles, into the Upper Murray. The geo- 
logical formation of its course is trap and metamorphic mica, chlorite, and talc. This 
creek is liable to floods, from the melting of the snow in the ranges. 

RAM'S HEAD PEAK {Co. Selwyn). See Gungarlin Mount. 

RANDWICK {Co. Cumberland) is a suburban municipality, comprising part of 
the parishes of Alexandria and Botany, and bounded on the N.W. by the city of 
Sydney, on the W. by the municipalities of Redfern and Waterloo, and on the S. by 
the waters of Botany bay, on the E. by the Pacific ocean, and on the N. by the 
municipalities of Waverley, Woollahra, and Paddington. This municipality comprises 
the suburban village of Coogee. It is situated in the electorial district of Canterbury, 
and police dis rict of Sydney. The village of Randwick lies on the Randwick heights, 
a ridge of sandy high land, between the city of Sydney and the ocean, near lake No. 
74, and distant 5 miles S. E. from the obelisk whence distances are measured, in Mac- 
quarie -place, Sydney. The locality is agricultural and horticultural, it being a favor- 



470 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



ite place of residence for mercantile and professional gentlemen having business in 
Sydney. There are a large number of villa residences already built, and more con- 
tinually in course of erection. These villas mostly stand within their own grounds, 
and are biiilt of stone, which, is plentiful, and of good quality,' in the neighbourhood. 
The views from nearly every part of Randwick are very fine, embracing on the one 
side the whole of the valley of the Waterloo and Lachlan swamps, bounded by the heights 
of Sydney and Newtown, and on the other the vale of Waverley and Coogee, with its 
numerous gentlemen's seats ; and bounded by the broad blue bosom of the ever restless 
Pacific. Randwick is celebrated for its fine asylum for the reception of destitute 
children, an institution alike a credit to the management and the wealthy city to 
whose liberality its existence is owing. On the 31st December, 1864, there were 192 
children in this asylum. To the W. of Randwick, and on a flat lying at the bottom 
of a valley lying between it and the Darlingkurst and Surry hills end of Sydney, is 
the celebrated Randwick race course. This course was originally opened in 1833, but 
fell into disuse, and was not again made available for racing until May, 1860. It is a right- 
handed course, oblong or pear-shape, a mile and a quarter round, with the last quarter 
of a mile straight ; opposite the stand at about half-way round, is a considerable rise, 
denominated Constitution hill, with the exception of which the whole distance is flat. 
The soil is sandy, and never becomes heavy with wet, or hard through too long a 
continued drought. The Derby course is a mile and a half, and the T. Y. C. the last 
three quarters. The whole of the running ground is made, the artificial grasses 
having succeeded admirably. The cost of the running ground alone was £2500, 
total cost of improvements, including stand, £7000. The grand stand will seat 700 
persons. On this racecourse reserve are shot the Intercolonial rifle matches, the 
butts being placed under a hill on the E. side, and the shooting ground being in front 
of the grand stand. Bishopscourt, the palace of the Lord Bishop of Sydney, the 
Right Rev. Frederick Barker, D.D., is situated on a rocky point of the slope of the 
valley of Coogee, and between Randwick and a small bay, known as Gordon's bay, 
on the coast. From the Lachlan swamp, lying in the hollow to the N.WV, the city of 
Sydney is supplied with much of its pure water, which drains through the Waterloo 
swamps into those of Botany ; and still further to the N.W. lie the Sydney common, 
and the military rifle range and cricket ground. Randwick has a post office and 
municipal council chamber. There is a good public and 2 private schools, and a large 
and handsomely-built English church (St. Jude's), with a peal of 8 bells, and having a 
cemetery attached. Coogee lies about 1 mile E., and Waverley and Paddington on 
the N. and N.W., 1 and 2\ miles, respectively. With these places there is no direct 
communication, although occasional omnibuses run. With Sydney the communica- 
tion is by omnibuses running every hour. The hotels are the Coach and Horses and 
Newmarket. The surrounding neighbourhood is elevated and mountainous, and 
includes the coast range for about 5 miles from the N. head of Botany bay to Waverley. 
The geological formation is principally ferruginous sandstone, overlying carboniferous 
strata. The population numbers about 1000 persons. 

Randwick municipality was proclaimed 22nd February, 1859. The estimated 
annual value of rateable property within it is £12,758 15s., from which (including 
government aid) it derived in the year 1864 an income of £368 13s. 4d. Its expendi- 
ture during that year was £808 6s. 7d. The extent of its streets and roads is 26 
miles, and the number of registered electors 234. 

RANGER'S VALLEY ( Co. Gough) is the name given to a depression in the 
course of the Beardy waters, about 8 miles W. of Severn or Dundee. Granite. 

RANGER'S VALLEY STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, 
Swain, S. and G. ; area, 14,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£45. 

RANGER'S VALLEY STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Bloxsome, 
Owald ; area, 70,000 acres ; grazing capability, 320 head of cattle and 16,000 sheep. 
The old charges were £180 ; the recently appraised rental is £300. 

RANKIN MOUNT {Co. Eoxhimjh) is a lofty hill, lying in the parish of 
Jedburgh, and about 4 miles N.W. from Bathurst, near the N. bank of the Mac- 
quarie river. Sandstone and alluvial drift. 

RANKIN'S HILL E. 4 (A) STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Mayne, 
Robert ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Bourke. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 



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RANKIN'S HILL E. 4(A) STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Ligar, C. W. ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Bourke. Charges, £33. 

RANKIN'S HILL, E. 4 (B) STATION (Albert district); occupier, Mayne, 
Robert ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Bourke. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

RANKIN'S HILL E. 4 (B) STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Ligar, C. 
W. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Bourke. Charges, £33. 

RANKIN'S HILL E. 4 (D) STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Mayne, 
Robert ; area, 64, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Bourke. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

RANKIN'S HILL E. 3 (F) STATION (Albert district); occupier, Mayne, 
Robert ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Bourke. Charges, £30. 

RANKIN'S HILL E. 4 (F) STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Mayne, 
Robert ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Bourke. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

RANKIN'S HILL No. 2 (A) STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Ligar, C. 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Bourke. Charges, £30. 

RANKIN'S HILL^No. 3 (A) STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Ligar, C. 
area, 44, 800 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Bourke. Charges, £30. 

RANKIN'S HILL No. 2 (B) STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Ligar, C. 
W. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Bourke. Charges, £30. 

RANKIN'S HILL No. 3 (B) STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Ligar, C. 
W.; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Bourke. Charges, £30. 

RANKIN'S HILL No. 2 (C) STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Ligar, C. 
W. • area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Bourke. Charges, £30. 

^"IRANKIN'S HILL No. 3 (C) STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Ligar, C. 

; area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Bourke. Charges, £30. 

RANKIN'S HILL No. 4 (C) STATION (Albert district); occupier, Ligar, C. 
W. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Bourke. Charges, £33. 

RANKIN'S HILL No. 2 (D) STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Ligar, C. 
W. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Bourke. Charges, £30. 

RANKIN'S HILL No. 3 (D) STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Ligar, C. 
W. ; area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Bourke, Charges, £30. 

RANKIN'S HILL No. 4 (D) STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Ligar, C. 
W. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Bourke. Charges, £33. 

RANKIN'S HILL No. 2 (E) STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Ligar, C. 
W. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Bourke. Charges, £30. 

RANKIN'S HILL .No. 3 (E) STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Ligar, C. 
W. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Bourke. Charges, £30. 

RANKINS HILL No. 4 (E.) STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Ligar, C. 



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The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Ran — Ray 



W. ; area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Bourke. Charges, £33. 

RANKIN'S HILL No. 3 (F.) STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Ligar, C. 
W. ; area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Bourke. Charges, £30. 

RANKIN'S HILL No 4(F) STATION (Albert district); occupier, Ligar, C. 
W. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Bourke. Charges, £33. 

RANKIN'S HILL No. 5 STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, De Sailly, 
F. and G. P.; area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Bourke. Charges, £30. 

RANKIN'S HILL No. 6 STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, De Sailly, F. 
and G. P.; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Bourke. Charges, £30. 

RANKIN'S RANGE (Co. Cowper) is a group of 3 hills, lying on the E. bank 
of the Darling river, about 100 miles S.W. of Bourke. Sandstone. 

RATHDEN (or Cooney's Creek) STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, 
Salting, S. K. ; area, 13,440 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old 
charges, £40 ; new appraisement, £60. 

RAWD0N CREEK (Co. Macquarie) is a small N. tributary of the Hastings 
river. Sandstone. 

RAWD0N ISLAND (Co. Macquarie) is a small island, lying in the Hasting's 
river, about 10 miles from its mouth. This island is about 4 miles long by 2 miles 
wide at its largest part ; it lies directly opposite the township of Hursley, and con- 
sists of first-class alluvial soil. 

RAWD0N STREAM (Co. Gloucester) is the name of the S. head of the Bar- 
rington river. Sandstone. 

RAYMOND TERRACE, 32° 48' S. lat., 151° 42' E. long. (Co. Gloucester), is a 
postal township, in the parish of Eldon, electoral district of the Lower Hunter, and 
police district of Newcastle and Raymond terrace. It is situated on the E. bank of 
the Hunter river, about a quarter of a mile from the junction of the Williams river. 
Raymond terrace is in an agricultural district, the cultivation of the grape being ex- 
tensively carried on, and the soil being eminently suited to vine growing. One of the 
first vineyards that gave renown to Australian wine is situated at Irrawang, 3 miles 
distant, and at the vineyards of Kinross (30 acres in extent, and close to the town), 
wines, both red and white, and of excellent quality, are manufactured ; there are also 
numerous small vineyards in the vicinity. Raymond terrace has 1 steam flour mill and 1 
tannery in the town ; and on the Hunter river, at a distance of 4 miles, there is another 
flour mill, not however in operation. At a distance of about 4 miles on the road to 
Stroud are the Irrawang potteries, idle since the death of the late proprietor, James 
King, Esq. The nearest places are Seaham, distant 10 miles N.W. ; Morpeth (the 
nearest telegraph station), 9 miles W. by N. ; Newcastle, 21 miles S.S.E. ; Stroud, 32 
miles N. by E. ; Clarence town, 21 miles N.W. With all these places there is daily 
communication by steamer, except with Stroud, to which place a coach runs 4 times 
a week. With Sydney, 92 miles S. E. , there is communication by daily steamer. 
Raymond terrace is the capital town of the county of Gloucester ; it has a post and 
money order office, a police office and lock-up, a court of petty sessions, and a race 
course and public recreation ground, on the E. of the township. The river Hunter 
has a tidal rise and fall of 3 feet 10 inches at the wharf, and the township possesses 2 
ferries, 1 across the Hunter, leading to Miller's forest and Morpeth ; the other across 
the Williams, at its junction, leading to Nelson's plains, Seaham, Clarence town, and 
Dungog. There are 4 places of worship, belonging respectively to the church of England, 
Roman catholic, Wesleyan, and Presbyterian bodies, and 2 Denominational, and 1 
National school, and a branch of the Northern Insurance company. The hotels are 
the Steam Ship, Junction, Race Horse, and Steam Packet, at the first of which is the 
booking office for the mail coach to Stroud, Gloucester, and Manning river. Ray- 
mond terrace is on the lower carboniferous rocks, which are seen outcropping in the 
town, and along the left bank of the river. A terrace ridge, running parallel to the river, 



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473 



to which it descends by a gentle slope, on which the town is built, gives a very pic- 
turesque appearance to the locality. On the Irrawang estate there is a remarkable hill, 
^bout 600 feet in height, in which is a cave, whose entrance can be distinctly seen 
from the terrace, and from which vessels can be seen entering and leaving the port of 
Newcastle. About a mile and a half from the town are several extensive swamps, 
with an ample supply of fine fresh water, well suited for paper mills or other factories 
requiring large quantities of water. The quarries of Raymond terrace and Muree (on 
the summit of the ridge, at the back of the town) are well known to geologists, and 
have furnished specimens to the principal geological collections of Europe, America, 
and India. The fossils most abundant are fenestella, spirifer, conularia, productus, 
terebratula, and astrea. Miners are at present occupied in boring for the coal which 
is known to exist in other parts of the coal field, below these fossiliferous beds. To 
the N. the "Williams' river ranges rise to a height varying from 500 to 800 feet. To the 
E., immediately opposite Raymond terrace, is the extensive alluvial flat known as 
Miller's forest, and this is bounded by the sandstone ridges of the Newcastle coal fields. 
The population numbers about 300 persons. 

Raymond Terrace is a police district, embracing the S. portion of the county of 
Gloucester, the S.E. portion of the county of Durham, and a N.E. portion of the 
county of Northumberland ; and bounded on the N. from the sea by the S. shores of 
port Stephens to Sawyer's point, thence by the line of road to Clarence town, to the 
E. boundary of Lowe and Marshall's 640 acres, by that boundary and the S. boundary 
of that land to the Williams river, and by that river to the S.E. corner of Whitmore's 
100 acres, thence by the S. boundary of that land and its continuation W. to the 
N.E. corner of A. Fisher's 1500 acres, thence by the N. boundary line of that land, 
and the S. boundary line of D. C. Orpen's 320 acres and W. H. Holmes' 320 acres ; 
to the S.W. corner of Holmes' 320 acres ; thence on the W. by the continuation, S., 
of the W. boundary of that land, passing through Government land, Hugh Torrens' 
2000 acres, and Andrew Dixon's 1000 acres, forming the E. boundary of Thomas 
Bartie's 2560 acres, passing through Clyment's 2000 acres, forming the W. boundary 
of W. Hickey's 600 acres, and crossing the river Hunter, to the N.W. corner of 
Francis Moran's 2460 acres' grant, thence by the W. boundary of that grant and its 
S. continuation to the S. boundary of the parish of Alnwick ; on the S. by the S. 
boundary of that parish to the river Hunter, and by that river, and Fullerton cove, 
and the E. boundary of W. Russel's 1155 acres to the S.W. corner of Kenneth Snod- 
grass' 1120 acres, thence by the S. boundary of that land, and the N. boundary of J. 
Smith's 640 acres, and their continuation to the sea ; and on the E. by the sea to port 
Stephens, aforesaid. The place of petty sessions is Raymond terrace. 

RAZ0RBACK CREEK {Co. Gresham) is a small tributary of the Boyd river, 
falling into it at Broadmeadows. Sandstone. 

REDAN STATION {Albert district) ; occupiers, Jamieson, H. and B.; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

REDBANK {Co. Macquarie) is a small postal village, in the electoral district of 
the Hastings, and police district of Manning river. It is situated on the Manning river, 
the Berady creek being about half a mile to the S. The district is entirely an agri- 
cultural one, Tinonee being 10 miles distant W., Wingham 16 miles W., and Cnndle- 
town 7 miles N.W. With Tinonee the communication is by horse and dray, and 
with the other places by boat. With Sydney, 199 miles S., the communication is by 
steamer or sailing vessel from Cundletown. There are no hotels nearer than the last 
named place, and the roads are under the control of a road trust. The surrounding 
country is generally undulating for about 6 miles to the W. , and it then becomes 
mountainous. The popoulation, within a radius of a mile, numbers about 170 
persons. 

REDBANK ( Co. Cadell) is a name of the village of Mathoura, which see. 

REDBANK CREEK {New England district) is a small W. tributary of the 
Macintyre river, flowing into it through good pastoral land, about 2 miles S. of the 
township of Ashford. Lower palaeozoic with alluvial deposit. 

REDBANK RIVER ( Co. Fitzroy) is a small stream, falling into the ocean op- 
posite the Red rock, in lat. 30° 4'. It is fed by the Dirty creek. Sandstone. 

RED FERN {Co. Cumberland) is a postal and municipal suburb of Sydney, in 



474 



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[Red — Ree 



the parish of Alexandria, electoral district of Paddington, and metropolitan police 
district. It lies on the S. S. W. side of Sydney, and adjoins the city boundary, the suburb 
of Waterloo lying on the E. and S. The railway terminus adjoins it on the N. The 
population numbers about 4000 persons. Redfern municipality was proclaimed 11th 
August, 1859. The estimated annual value of rateable property within it is £25,700, 
from which (including government aid) it derived in the year 1864 an income, as per 
assessment February, 1865, of £2718 0s. 6d. The expenditure duriDg that year was 
£1772 19s. 9d. The extent of its streets and roads is 20 miles, and the municipality 
contains about 400 acres. 

The Redfern electoral division forms part of the electoral district of Paddington, 
which see. 

RED HEAD (Co. Northumberland) is a rocky promontory of red sandstone, 
standing boldly out into the sea, about 6 miles S. of the entrance to port Hunter. 

RED HEAD (Co. St. Vincent) is a rocky promontory on the coast, forming the 
S. head of Sussex Haven. Red sandstone. 

RED HILL (or Mount Poole (Albert district) a peak of the Grey range, 
which see. 

RED HILL (Co. Bathurst) is a low scrubby hill, in the parish of Cole, and on 
the road from Bathurst to Blayney. Granite and sandstone. 

RED HILL (Co. Buccleugh) is a high peak in the rugged, mountainous country 
lying to the N.E. of the township of Tumut, and on the N.E. boundary of the parish 
of YVyangle. Older volcanic. 

RED HILL (Co. Goulburn) is a detached group of hills, in the parish of Jindera, 
lying about 10 miles N. of the town of Albury. Several small creeks have their rise 
in these hills. Mica, schist, and granite. 

RED PLAINS STATION (Murrumbiclgee district) ; occupier, Brougham, 
Patrick ; area, 35, 600 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Deniliquin. Charges, £40. 

RED PLAINS STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Pappin and Sons - T 
area, 36,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Denili- 
quin. The old charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £80. 

RED POINT, 37° 6' S. lat., 149° 58' E. long. (Co. Auckland), is a rocky pro- 
montory near the entrance to Twofold bay. Sandstone. 

RED POINT ISLAND, 34° 29' S. lat., 151° 4' E. long. (Co. Camden), is a small 
island lying off the coast, near Wollongong. Sandstone. 

RED ROCK (Co. Clarence) is a small rocky islet, lying near the coast, about 20 
miles N. of the Solitary islands. Sandstone. 

REED BEDS (Cos. Waradgery and Waljeers). See Lachlan River. 

REEDY CREEK (Co. Ashburham) is a small W. tributary of Byrne's creek, 
rising in and flowing through the swampy and scrubby country N.E. of the Lachlan 
gold field. Metamorphic slate and schists. 

REEDY CREEK (Co. Burnett, Owydlr district). See Warialda Creek. 

REEDY CREEK (Co. Durham) is a small tributary of the Glendon brook. 
Sandstone and clay slate. 

REEDY CREEK (Co. Geprgiana) is a small creek flowing through the township 
of Laggan, the hamlet of Irish town, and McDonald's Flowerdale estate, into the 
Bolong river, about 16 miles N. of Laggan. Limestone and quartz-bearing slate. 

REEDY CREEK (Co. Murchison, Givydir district) is a S. auriferous tributary of 
the Keera creek, rising in the N. slope of mount Drummond, and flowing W.N.W. 
about 25 miles. It is fed by Middle creek, on the Bingara gold workings. The 
geological formation is upper palaeozoic, connected with serpentine, charged with 
chromate of iron. 

REEDY CREEK (Co. Murray) is a tributary of the Modbury creek, rising in 
the main dividing range to the S. of lake Bathurst. It is fed by Mulloon creek. 
The geological formation is granite, passing into pegmatite, with dykes composed of 



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475 



quartz, felspar, mica, and chlorite traversing it. The pegmatite contains veins of 
galena, ranging N. and S., together with lodes of copper, chiefly green carbonate. 
But sulphurate of copper also occurs in quartz, and in a chloritic gangue with rluate 
of lime and soap stone, the lodes running 1ST. W. and S.E. 

REEDY CREEK {Co. Phillip) is a small tributary of the Hawkin's creek. The 
tipper end of this creek is dammed up as a reserve for water. Ferruginous sandstone 
and. conglomerate. 

REEDY CREEK {Co. Wellington) is a small auriferous W. tributary of the 
Molong river. Sandstone, shale, and limestone. 

REEDY CREEK STATION {Lachlan district); occupier, Ryan, Mrs. ; area, 
2000 acres ; grazing capability, 300 head of cattle. The old charges were £21 14s. 5d.; 
the recently appraised rental is £20. 

REEDY FLAT STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, unknown; esti- 
mated area, 9600 acres ; grazing capability, uncertain. The old charges were £30 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £15. 

REEDY (THE) WATERHOLE ON THE BACK CREEK STATION {Wel- 
lington district) ; occupier, Gilmore, J. N. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 
640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

REGENT'S (or Ctjdjallagoxg) LAKE {Co. Ashburnham) is a lake or lagoon, 
lying near the Lachlan river, and named by Mr. Oxley in honour of the Prince Re- 
gent. It has a low, sandy beach on the N. , and a bold shore, with red cliffs, on the 
S. side. 

REGENT VILLE {Co. Cumberland) is a small agricultural village, in the parish 
of Mulgoa, electoral district of the Nepean, and police district of Penrith. It is 
situated on the banks of the Nepean river, about 3 miles from the township of Pen- 
rith, of which it forms a suburb. It contains a steam flour mill and a tweed factory, 
the celebrated one of the same name. The population, chiefly employed in the mills, 
or in agricultural pursuits, are included in that of Penrith. 

REID'S FLAT {Co. Beresford). See Jew's Flat. 

REID'S FLAT ( Co. King) is a postal and agricultural settlement in the electoral 
district of Yass plains, and police district of Yass. It is situated on the Lachlan 
river, near the confluence of the Gunning river, the former running from S. to N. W. 
The district is chiefly agricultural, being taken up by a body of thriving farmers. 
Boorowa lies 40 miles S.W., and Cowra 40 miles N.W. With these places there is 
no regular communication, and with Sydney, 198 miles N.E., the communication is by 
horse, 70 miles, to Goulburn, thence by coach to Picton, and thence by rail. There 
are no hotels in the village, which lies in a mountainous region, abounding with 
granite, but having fertile alluvial flats, on one of which the village is situated. The 
population is small and scattered over the agricultural farms of the district. 

REID'S MISTAKE {Co. Northumberland) is the name of the entrance to the 
lake Macquarie ; it lies about 12 miles S. of Newcastle, on the entrance to port 
Hunter. Sandstone. 

REKEELB0N MOUNT {Co. Hunter) is a peak of the Hunter range, lying at 
the head of the Blackwater creek, and about 25 miles E. of Dabee. Sandstone. 

RENDEZVOUS CREEK {Co. Cowley) is a small tributary of the Gudgenby 
river, rising in the undulating country between the Murrumbidgee river and the Bim- 
beri ranges, and flowing E. about 12 miles. Limestone and metamorphic slate. 

REST DOWN STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Brougham, J.; area, 
57,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £34 10s. 

RETREAT (or Little River) {Co. Georgiana) is a stream, rising in the W. 
slope of the Australian Alps, and N. of mount Werong, and supposed to flow W. 
into the Isabella river, after a course of about 18 miles, in which it crosses the road 
from Rockley to Goulburn, via Tarlo. It flows through thickly-timbered and scrubbed 
country, its point of confluence with the main stream never having been ascertained 
with certainty. Limestone and metamorphic slate. 

RETREAT STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Pringle, Robert ; area, 



476 The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Ric 



32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 10,000 sheep. The old charges were £85 ; the re- 
cently appraised rental is £130. 

RICHLEATH HILL ( Co. Sandon) is a peak, spurring from the Dividing range, 
and lying in the parish of Elton, about 8 miles S.W. of the town of Armidale, and the 
same distance N. of Uralla. Hornblendic granite. 

RICHMOND, 33° 33' S. lat., 150° 50' E. long. {Co. Cumberland), is a postal and 
borough township, in the parish of Ham common, and electoral and police district of 
Windsor. It is situated about 2 miles from the S. bank of the Hawkesbury river. 
The district is an agricultural one, the soil being of the richest description, and is cul- 
tivated by small farmers, who grow cereals and farm produce of all kinds in abundance. 
The Hawkesbury and the Hats bordering it are, however, subject to floods, which render 
much of the land which would otherwise be of the very greatest value comparatively 
unsuitedto cultivation. After a heavy flood that took place in 1824, bywhich many of the 
settlers were almost ruined, small allotments on the high ground, at the back of the 
town, were given to the sufferers. There are 3 flour mills in the neighbourhood. The 
nearest places are Windsor, 4 miles E. ; Pitt town, 8 miles N. ; and Penrith, 15 miles 
S.W. With Windsor and Penrith there is communication by rail, and with the other 
places by coach, horse, or hired conveyance. With Sydney, 38 miles, the commu- 
nication is by rail twice daily. The road from Sydney to Bathurst, known as Bell's 
line, passes through this township, there being a punt over the Hawkesbury at the 
crossing place. The hotels are the Royal (Reid's), the Union, Black Horse, Sportsman's 
Arms, and Old House at Home. The are 2 coach offices, where conveyances may be 
obtained to any part of the surrounding district. Richmond has a post office and 
several good stores, 4 places of worship (belonging to the English, Roman catholic, 
Presbyterian, and Wesleyan bodies respectively). The means of education are furnished 
through 2 Denominational, 1 National, and 2 private schools. There are branches of the 
City aDd New South Wales banks, of the Imperial, United, and Liverpool and London 
and Globe Insurance companies, and of the New South Wales Bible society. The sur- 
rounding country immediately adjacent is an undulating flat, considerably raised above 
the bed of the river. On the opposite bank of the river from the township rise the 
Blue mountains, or rather that portion of them known as the Currajong. The scenery 
of this part of the country is magnificent and beautiful in the extreme, and, from the 
romantic grandeur of the rocky chasms in the mountains, and the fine views of wood 
and water scenery, attracts numerous tourists, who usually avail themselves of the 
horses and conveyances to be hired in the township. The general geological forma- 
tion is carbonaceous and ferruginous sandstone, with rich deep alluvial soil on the flats. 
Good coal is said to be found within 7 or 8 miles of the township, but it has never 
yet been properly tested. The population numbers about 943 persons. 

The Richmond electoral division is comprehended in the electoral district of 
Windsor, which see. 

RICHMOND ( Co. Cumberland) , one of the original districts of the county : 
bounded on the S. side by the S. boundary of the Richmond common line to the in- 
tersection of the Ponds and the Richmond road, thence a direct line to the S.W. 
corner of Nashe's farm, and by that and Woodhay farm to the Hawkesbury river, 
and on the other sides by the Hawkesbury river. 

RICHMOND {Co. Cumberland) is a hundred, comprising the parishes of Ham 
common, Castlereagh, Londonderry, Rooty hill, and the islands attached to those 
parishes. 

RICHMOND is a county in the pastoral district of Clarence. It contains 2875 
acres of alienated land, and 733, 125 acres unalienated. Its present boundaries, how- 
ever, are open to modification. 

RICHMOND, HEAD OF THE, STATION {Clarence district) ; occupier, 
Glennie, James ; area, 13,440 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£30. 

RICHMOND, NORTH {Co. Cook). See Enfield. 

RICHMOND RIVER {Co. Richmond) is a fine stream, rising in the S. slope of 
mount Lindsay, in the Macpherson range, and flowing through rugged pastoral 
country for about 120 miles, during which course it drains an area of 2400 square 
miles. The mouth of this river is obstructed by a sand-bar, which renders the en- 
trance dangerous, except to vessels of small tonnage. Ballina head, the N. head of 



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477 



the estuary, is 32 miles N. of Shoal bay. Richmond river flows past the townships- 
of Casino, Codrington, Wardell, and Ballina ; and is fed by the N. Richmond and S. 
Richmond rivers, and the Emigrant, Macguire's, Duck, Dungarabbee, Rocky mouth, 
Deep, Derubba, and Eden creeks. The Richmond is navigable for small sea-going ves- 
sels, about 30 miles, or to the junction of the S. Richmond river with the main stream, 
at a place called Corakie junction. The N. arm, or 1ST. Richmond river, flows past 
the townships of Lismore and Gundurmiba, and is fed by the Leycester's Boatharbour, 
Boseri, Pelican, and Wilson's creeks. The S. arm, or S. Richmond river, flows in a 
jST. E. direction, its upper part being known as Myrtle creek. Richmond river lies 32 
miles to the N. of Shoal bay, and is only accessible to the small coasting vessels, which 
keep up a constant communication with Sydney. Like all small rivers on this coast, 
this has also a bar across the entrance, which is constantly shifting. Sandstone, 
shales, and limestone. 

Richmond river is a police district, embracing part of the pastoral district of 
Clarence, and a small portion of the pastoral district of New England, and bounded 
on the N. from the head of the Tweed river, by part of boundary dividing the 
colonies of New South Wales and Queensland, being the range dividing the waters of 
the Logan and other rivers from those of the Clarence, Richmond, and Tweed rivers 
from those of the Great Dividing range ; on the W. by the Great Dividing range, and 
a line bearing S. , crossing the Timbarra, or Northern Rocky river, at a point where 
the banks close in abruptly, about 5 miles E. of Frocester, to a line bearing E. from 
the Bolivia range ; on the S. by that line, bearing E. to the Clarence river; thence by a 
line bearing N.E. to the range dividing the waters of the Clarence and Richmond 
rivers, and by that range and the N. watershed of the Clarence river to the sea ; and 
on the E. by the sea, N. ; again on the N, and again on the E. by the range dividing 
the waters of the Richmond rivers from those of the Brunswick and Tweed rivers, 
W. and N. , to the boundary dividing the colonies of New South Wales and Queens- 
land aforesaid. The places of petty sessions are Casino, Timbarra, Ballina, and Lis- 
more. 

RICHMOND RIVER HEADS (or Ballina), 28° 52' S. lat., 153° 32' E. long. 
( Co. Richmond), is a postal township, in the parish of Ballina, electoral district of 
the Clarence, and police district of Richmond river. It is situated at the entrance of 
the Richmond river. It is bounded on the N. by a lofty headland, and on the S. by 
low sandy beach, dispersing into spits, which, at times, render the navigation of the 
channel dangerous. A pilot boat and crew are stationed near the N. head. There is a 
small creek, called the North creek, near the township, it forms a good boat channel 
for 6 miles, and has numerous free selectors on its banks. Emigrant creek lies 3 miles 
W., and is a good boat channel for 20 miles. There are two settlements of cedar cutters 
on this creek, Tevin and Tuntumba. About 500 acres of land are taken up by free 
selectors adjoining the township. Higher up the river the banks are mostly all oc- 
cupied, and under cultivation. The nearest township is Lismore, lying 30 miles W. 
by water, or 80 by land, the communication being by boat, or by horse and dray over 
a bad road. With Sydney, 340 miles S. , the communication is by steamer. The 
nearest hotel is at Lismore. There are about 16 sailing vessels trading with Sydney, 
Melbourne, and Brisbane. A screw steamer also runs regularly to and from Sydney, 
the exports being principally cedar, tallow, hides, and small quantities of corn. 
The surrounding country consists of grassy ranges, well timbered with cedar, and 
suited for pastoral purposes, the banks of the streams being of rich alluvial land, 
adapted for agriculture. The geological formation is sandstone and limestone. The 
population numbers about 300 persons. 

RICHMOND TERRACE ( Co. Cumberland) is an elevated table land, of about 3 
miles in extent, lying on the W. of Richmond. Sandstone. 

RICKABY'S CREEK {Co. Cumberland) is a small E. tributary of the Hawkes- 
bury river, falling into it a little distance above Windsor. Sandstone and shale. 

RILLIGrA STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, unknown ; esti- 
timated area, 51,000 acres ; grazing capability, uncertain. The old charges were £66 
lis. 3d. ; the recently appraised rental is £110. 

RIMBANDA STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Stitt, Mrs. James ; 
area, 46,080 acres ; grazing capability, 12,000 sheep. The old charges were £100 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £140. 



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[Riv— Rix 



RIVERINA is the name given to a vast territory forming the W. part of New 
South Wales, and comprising the whole of that part of it from the W. boundary, 
■eastward, to an irregular line drawn from the N. boundary in a S. direction along tne 
Culgoa river, and the Bogan river, as far as Bullock creek, thence in a S. direction 
.across the Lachlan river to the Cowal lake, thence along the Narraburra creek and 
Houlahan's creek to the Murrumbidgee river, a few miles W. of Wagga-Wagga, and 
thence in a nearly straight line to a point lying half way between Albury and How- 
long. The question of separating Riverina into an independent colony, has long 
been agitated.. In his speech on the subject in the Legislative Assembly of New 
South Wales, in 1864, Mr. Martin compares Riverina with certain portions of Russia, 
and says, " I think, therefore, the House would do well to consider the propriety of 
expending a large portion of the revenue collected there, in the district. The digging 
of wells may be new here, but, in the Russian empire, it has been extensively carried 
on for many years, that being a pastoral country, like this, having a greater number 
of sheep and large squattages. Indeed, it is one enormous pastoral country, from 
the Caspian sea to the Pacific. Its wastes extend for very many miles, and to tra- 
verse them would almost be impossible, unless there were some artificial water supply. 
We have also large tracts of country, which cannot be settled by reason of the want 
of water. It strikes me that the digging of wells at intervals would greatly facili- 
tate transit across these arid districts ; and that this is a kind of work to which a 
portion of the revenue of the district might well be devoted. I think the residents 
are entitled to a portion of the public funds expended in this way — the digging of 
wells in that part of the territory not to be traversed except in the most favourable 
seasons. It would lead people to form stations, &c." The whole of Riverina con- 
sists of vast pastoral plains, with occasional barren ranges, belts of myall scrub, and 
swampy flats, sometimes covered with reeds, and at other times under water. 
The cultivation is very limited, there being little grown beyond Cape barley for horse 
feed, as both climate and soil are unfavourable. The squatters, as the pastoral ten- 
ants of the Crown are called, rent vast tracts of country as sheep rims, and spend 
much money in damming up the creeks and sinking wells. A petition for separation, 
signed by many of the squatters in the district, was recently transmitted to the Home 
government, but the following reply was returned by the mail of February, 1866, to 
the Governor of New South Wales, through whom the petition had been for- 
warded : — 

" Downing-street, 21st December, 1865. Sir, — I have to acknowledge the 
receipt of your despatches, No. 63, of the 21st July, and No. 88, of the 21st of Sep- 
tember, enclosing for presentation to her Majesty, petitions in favour of the separa- 
tion of the Riverine district from the colony of New South Wales. The former of 
these despatches also encloses, amongst other documents, a copy of a minute by your 
Cabinet on the prayer of the petitioners. I have to inform you, in reply, that I have 
laid the petitions before the Queen, but that I have been unable to advise her 
Majesty that any steps ought to be taken for giving effect to the wishes of the peti- 
tioners. I regret the inconvenience to which the inhabitants of the Riverine district 
are at present subjected by their distance from the seat of government. But these 
inconveniences are in a great measure removable, and I ought not to doubt that they 
will be removed, when, by the ordinary constitutional methods, they are pressed upon 
the attention of the government and legislature. On the other hand, I am convinced 
that a permanent injury will be inflicted on the colony, if these or other passing incon- 
veniences are allowed to supply a reason for indefinite subdivision. I am. therefore, 
convinced that it would not be for the present or future benefit of Australia, that a 
tract of country comprising, it would seem, nearly half of New South Wales, inha- 
bited by an extremely scattered population of about 20,000 souls, and having no 
direct access to the sea, should become a separate^ colony. I have, &c, Edward 
Card well." 

RIVERSFOKD (Co. Camden). See Menangle. 

RIVER STATION, No. 2 {New England district) ; occupier, Denne, Wm. Rich. 
H. ; area, 30,000 acres; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £31 Is. 

RIVERTREE STATION (Clarence district); occupier, Tyrrell, Right Rev. 
Wm. ; area, 10,000 acres ; grazing capability, 150 head of cattle. Charges, £65. 

RIX'S CREEK {Co. Durham) is a snail N. tributary of the Hunter river, flow- 
ing into it at the village of Auckland. There is a colliery near this creek, of which 



R. La — Roc] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



479 



Mr. W. Keene, inspector of mines for the northern district, says as follows :— ' ' Rix's 
creek is the most northern colliery in work, opened by my recommendation on my 
first examination of it. I descended to the workings, and it was satisfactory to me to 
learn that the coal is much approved of. In every locality, as I went onwards, desires 
were expressed to me that workable seams might be found, and the Six's creek coal is 
actually carted as far as Aberdeen — a distance of 30 miles. I pointed out that coal 
may be got near the Chain of Ponds, close to the railway ; and at Muswellbrook the 
cutting near to the town has gone through a seam of coal, which, though cropping out 
at a high angle, will no doubt be worked awaiting further discoveries." 

R. LAGOON {Co. Sancton) is a small water hole, in the parish of Buker, lying 
about 6 miles W. of Armidale, and reserved for water supply. Alluvial and swamp 
deposit. 

ROBERTSON {Co. Camden). See Wingecarribbee. 

ROBERTSON'S POINT {Co. Cumberland) is a long narrow rocky promontory 
on the N. shore of port Jackson, lying between Shell cove on the W. , and Mossman's 
bay on the E. On this point stood, at one time, the pleasure grounds known as the 
Cremorne gardens. Sandstone. 

ROBINSON'S MOUNT {Co. Cowley) is a lofty hill, overhanging the upper part 
of the Murrumbidgee river. The geological formation is schistose granite, not aurife- 
rous. The extreme edge of this mass has an elevation of 960 feet above the Murrum- 
bidgee, and from it there is an extensive view over Monaro, and to the N. At the 
summit and at the W. side of the granite, the rock is schistose, and has a clear and 
decidedly easterly dip. In the middle region the granite attains an elevation of 1663 
feet above the level of the river, or 4182 feet above sea level. It is covered with 
timber. The highest elevation is 4192 feet above sea level. 

ROB ROY CREEK (Neio England district) is a small W. tributary of the 
M'Intyre river, falling into it at the township of Byron. Sandstone and porphyritic 
granite. 

ROCK {Co. Nandewar) is a small hamlet, lying a short distance from the town- 
ship of Narrabri. There is one hotel (Guest's). Granite, with deep alluvial drift. 

ROCKLEY, 33° 40' S. lat., 149° 38' E. long. {Co. Georgiana), is a postal township 
in the parish of Rockley, electoral district of W. Macquarie, and police district of 
Bathurst. It is situated on Pepper's creek, 22 miles S. of Bathurst, 138 miles W. of 
Sydney, and at an elevation of 2000 feet above the level of the sea. The Campbell 
river is within 3 miles E., and the Abercrombie ranges lie about 25 miles N. Rockley 
is situated in a district principally agricultural, although having some large sheep 
runs in the locality. There is 1 large steam flour mill (Stanger's) in the town. Gold 
mining, chiefly alluvial, employs an average population of about 400 persons, which 
has, however, varied from 200 to 1300 during the last four years' digging at Campbell's, 
within 3 miles E. ; Sewell's creek, 7 miles E. ; Native Dog creek, 4 miles E. ;^Back 
creek, 5 miles W. ; and Caloola creek, 10 miles W. Steam quartz-crushing mills were 
erected at the Chain of Ponds, 3 miles W. , and Back creek, 5 miles W. , but have 
been removed to richer reefs. The nearest places to Rockley are Bathurst, 22 miles 
S. ; Carcoar, 20 miles W. ; and Tuena, 38 miles S. With these places there is no 
regular coach of conveyance. With Sydney, 140 miles E. , the communication is by 
horse or wagon twice a week to Bathurst, along a road which has been allowed to 
get much out of repair in consequence of the difficulty in obtaining the sum annually 
granted for repairs, neither the grants for the last two years have been had, and the 
road is rapidly being destroyed from want of proper outlay. From Bathurst the 
communication is by coach to Penrith, and thence by rail. There is a post office and 
a police barracks in the town ; also a vested National school in operation, and Wes- 
leyan and Presbyterian churches. A court house is wanted, as the petty sessions has 
to be held in an inconvenient room in the barrack. There are 2 stores and 3 hotels, 
the Miner's inn, Star inn, and Rockley inn ; also several roadside inns, but none 
nearer than 10 miles. Application has been made to place Rockley under the control 
of a road board — a request that will, doubtless, be granted. At present there is a 
resident police magistrate and sub-gold commissioner. The entire country is very 
mountainous, even the township itself being hilly. Limestone and very hard blue 
grit stone are most prevalent, with quartz reefs in every direction. Copper has beeD 
found in large quantities at the Bathurst copper mines (now idle), 5 miles N. Silver 



480 



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[Roc 



and lead mines were also worked at one time at Colo, about 20 miles W. , but are now 
idle. There are 2 quarries of a stone called soap stone, which can be worked with 
edge tools, and yet possesses the property of withstanding any amount of heat, which 
has only the effect of hardening it. This stone is exceedingly dense, weighing from 
112 to 120 lbs. to the square foot. It retains heat for a longer time than fire-bricks, 
and is very valuable for furnaces and similar purposes . There is a large population in 
the neighbourhood, but owing to the mountainous character of the country it is very 
much scattered. In the township itself are about 130 souls. 

ROCK FLAT ( Co. Beresford) is, as its name imports, a rocky flat in the rugged 
country lying to the N. of Nimmitibel. It is at the junction of the roads from 
Cooma to Twofold bay and to Nimmitibel, and gives a name to the creek which 
passes through it. It is a bed of quartz conglomerate, passing into grit and sand- 
stone, scarcely differing, except in colour, from many of the carboniferous rocks. 

ROCK FLAT CREEK (Co. Beresford), a tributary of the Cooma creek, rising 
in the Jinny Brother peak of the Kiandra ranges, and flowing N. about 30 miles 
through tolerable pastoral country. It crosses the road from Nimmitibel at the junc- 
tion of the Cooma and Bunyan roads. Sandstone and grit. 

ROCK FLAT, LOWER, STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Bradley, Wil- 
liam ; area, 640 acres ; grazing capability, 700 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Nimmitibel. Charges, £15 5s. 

ROCK FLAT, UPPER, STATION {Monaro district); occupier, Bradley, William; 
area, 25,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Nim- 
mitibel. Charges, £65. 

ROCK FOREST STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Curtis, Peter ; area, 
7000 acres ; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. Charges, £46 8s. 2d. t 

ROCK'S CREEK {Co. Bafhurst) is a small tributary of Neale's waterholes, drain- 
ing some good agricultural land, cut up into small farms, in the parish of Vittoria. 
Sandstone, limestone, and clay slate. 

ROCK VALE STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Gordon, Hugh ; area, 
19,200 acres; grazing capability, 12,000 sheep. Charges, £70. 

ROCKY BEDDING CREEK (Co. Buccleugh), a S. tributary of the Murrum- 
bidgee river, rising in the Parson hill, and flowing N. about 8 miles through rough, 
sparsely grassed, and scrubby country. Granite and trap rock. 

ROCKY BIGHT ( Co. Cumberland) is a small opening in the cliffs of the coast, 
about 4 1 miles S. of the entrance to port Jackson. Sandstone. 

ROCKY BRIDGE CREEK {Cos. Georgiana and Bathurst) is a N. tributary of the 
Abercrombie river, rising in the No. 1 swamp, 5 miles S.E. of the township of Somers, 
on the Rockley and Cowra road, and flowing S. W. about 30 miles. This creek forms 
part of the boundary between the counties of Georgiana, on the S.E., and Bathurst, 
on the N.W., and is fed by the Black hill and Piesley's creeks. Granite, sandstone, 
and metamor'phic slate, with occasional beds of limestone. 

ROCKY CREEK {A Ibert district) is a tributary of the Evelyn creek, flowing 
in a S.E. direction. Sandstone. 

ROCKY CREEK ( Co. Courattie, Gwydir district) is a W. tributary of the Horton 
river, rising in mount Lindesay, in the Nundawar range, and flowing past the village 
of Carega. The geological formation is upper palaeozoic, connected with serpentine, 
charged with chromate of iron, and affected by greenstone diorite. 

ROCKY CREEK STATION {Gvnjdir district) ; occupier, Arndell, John ; area, 
143,360 acres ; grazing capability, 2080 head of cattle. The old charges were £130 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £100. 

ROCKY CREEK STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Gordon, Hugh ; 
area, 35,000 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. The old charges were £203 15s. ; 
the recently appraised rental is £105. 

ROCKY FALLS {Co. Clarence) is the name given to a fall on the Clarence river, 
in the parish of Copmanhurst. There are several other falls on the river about the 
same place, which are known as Smith's, Tindal's, Bullock, and Double channel falls. 
Sandstone. • 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 481 



ROCKY FORD {Co. Clyde) is a passage over the upper part of the Narran river, 
on the road from Bourke to Queensland. Sandstone and trap rock. 

ROCKY MOUTH ( Co. Clarence) is the postal name of the village of Maclean, 
which see. The district surrounding Rocky mouth is fertile, and thickly settled on 
by farmers. The surrounding country is generally elevated, and consists of sandstone 
and freestone, suitable for building purposes. There is a post office, church, school, 
and hotel, the Maclean ; and the surrounding country is very picturesque, there 
being fine mountain scenery, and several large lakes abounding in fish and aquatic 
birds. The neighbouring bush, also, teems with kangaroos, emus, turkeys, pigeons, 
and other kinds of native game. 

ROCKY MOUTH CREEK [Co. Richmond) is a small S. tributary of the-S. arm 
of the Clarence river, falling into it opposite Maclean. Sandstone. 

ROCKY PINNACLE [Co. Wynyard) is a high and nearly detached hill, lying 
between Tarcutta and Umbang creek, to the S. of the Tarcutta swamp, and near the 
main road from Albury to Sydney, about 10 miles S. of the township of Umutbee. 
Granite. t 

ROCKY PLAINS {Co. Wallace) is a tract of flat country, consisting of stony 
plains, affording good pasturage, but covered with snow during the winter months. 
These plains are closely intersected by swamps, and lie on the N. bank of the Gian- 
darra river, between the township of Kiandra on the W., and Denson on the E., the 
road from one place to the other passing over them. Trap rock and granite. 

Also, an extensive tract of good open country, lying on the Snowy river, between 
Jindabyne on the W., and Buckley's crossing place on the E. Metamorphic slate and 
trap rock. 

ROCKY POND CREEK {Co. Gordon) is a small tributary of the head of the 
Little river. Sandstone and shist. 

ROCKY PONDS CREEK {Co. Gough) is a small tributary of the Beardy waters, 
flowing through the township of Glen Innis, and receiving the waters of the Furru- 
cubad creek. It is bounded by good agricultural land. Hornblendic granite and meta- 
morphic slate. 

ROCKY RIVER {Co. Sandon) is a postal mining village, in the parish of Yarro- 
wick, electoral district of New England, and police district of Armidale. It is the 
postal head quarters of the Rocky river gold field, which extends from the township 
of Uralla, about 10 miles in aN.W. direction, including several watercourses, and the 
main stream of the Rocky river. The principal centre of population and the post 
office lies between two small hills, known as mounts Jones and Welsh, and is called 
Post Office gully. The crest of the main dividing range is distant about 2 miles E. , 
and reaches an elevation of 4000 feet above sea level. The surrounding country is 
lightly timbered and grassed. The principal timber is white and red gum, box, and 
stringy bark. Only a small portion of the land is suitable for agriculture. Gold min- 
ing is the chief interest, and is confined to alluvial workings, chiefly by means of shafts 
and tunnels. The nearest places are — Uralla, on the Great North road, distant 2 
miles S.E. from the post office ; and Armidale, 12 miles N.E. The means of commu- 
nication are by Smith's 2-horse coach, which runs twice a week, via Uralla, to Armi- 
dale. The only means of communication between Rocky river and Sydney, 304 miles 
S. , is by the mail coach (which passes Uralla) to and from Armidale six times a week. 
The hotels are the Sportsman's Arms, Crown hotel, Post Office hotel, Champion's inn, 
Emerald Isle hotel, and Phoenix hotel, the first-named one being the coach office. 
The country is generally flat and undulating, the population numbers about 500 
Europeans and 350 Chinese, scattered over the diggings. There are 2 non-vested 
National schools, with an attendance of about 70 children, at the head quarters of the 
diggings. A feature of this gold field is the masses of huge granitic rock piled one 
on another in wild confusion, so frequently met with below a certain level. The 
generally received theory regarding them is that what is now the river, with its tribu- 
tary gullies, was once level ground. Atmospheric or other causes have swept the 
softer parts away in ages gone by, these, the harder portions, have been left in their 
original positions. The largest mass of these rocks is at the confluence of Kennedy's 
creek and the Rocky river. Where these tiers of rocks intersect the river, they are 
known as the Wallabies. Passages have been made or found in these rocks, tortuous, 
and, in some places; barely wide enough to squeeze the body through. The quantity of 



Eoc] 



482 



T/te New South Wales Gazetteer. [Roc — Hop 



gold received by escort from the Rocky river gold fields during the year 1864 was 
9940 ozs., which, at £3 19s. 4d. per oz., was of the total value of £39,431 5s. 8d. 
During the j*ear 1864 were sold 630 miners' rights, 28 business licenses, and 1 lease 
of 8 acres of alluvial soil. 

ROCKY RIVER (Cos. Hardin ge and Sandon, New England district) is a fine 
auriferous stream, forming one of the heads of the Gwydir river, rising in the N. slope 
of Harnham hill, about 6 miles S. of the township of Uralla, and flowing IS", through 
that township, and through the Rocky river gold field into the Gwydir, a few miles S. 
of Nundle. It is about 35 miles in length, the upper half flowing N., and the lower 
W. It rises amidst huge granite rocks, many of which are strewn along the upper 
part of its course in the form of immense boulders, between which the passages are 
often difficult and dangerous. The largest mass of these rocks is at the confluence of 
Kennedy's creek, where they are known as the Wallabies. Several companies of 
miners are at work moving these masses of rock, in order to try the bed of the river 
beneath them for gold. The Rocky river gold fields extend nearly the entire length 
of the stream, and takes in most of the tributary streams, which are the Kentucky 
ponds, Honey's, Kennedy^, and Boorolong creeks. There is a fine picturesque water- 
fall on this creek, in the parish of Elton, a short distance below Uralla, and two 
smaller ones, one N. and the other S. of the same place, but much nearer. The 
geological formation of the country through which it flows is granite, overflowed and 
disturbed by hornblendic trap, gold being found in the detritus of the granite, associ- 
ated with garnets, sapphires, and tin ore. 

ROCKY RIVER STATION {Clarence district) ; occupier, Sullivan, Phillip ; 
area, 18,000 acres ; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. Old charges, £31 ; new 
appraisement, £40. 

ROCKY STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Cornish, E. B. ; area, 29,132 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the recently ap- 
praised rental is £20. 

ROLL AND S PLAINS {Co. Macquarie) is the name given to a tract of fine 
grazing country, consisting generally of open forest, lying on Wilson's river, about 20 
miles N.W. of port Macquarie. There is a post office, and a flour mill worked by 
horse power in the district The plain itself consists of fine alluvial land, suitable 
for agricultural pursuits, which are carried on to some extent by free selectors, 
both there and on the banks of the neighbouring creeks. With Sydney, 256 miles S., 
the communication is from port Macquarie by steamer, the produce being conveyed 
to that port by boat from Bullanarry, a small settlement 5 miles down the river, 
and thence by dray. Rolland's plains are surrounded by lofty mountains, the 
highest being mount Cairncross. There is a church of England school house, a good 
substantial building, where service is held every Sunday ; the Wesleyans have a 
weeklv, and the Presbyterians an occasional service. The population numbers about 
250 persons, including the free selectors on the banks of the river below Bullangarry. 
The geological formation is sandstone and hard trap rock. 

RAM'S HEAD (or Berramexgee) {Co. Wallace) is a lofty peak in the Bald 
mountains, Muniong range, lying near the head of the Crackemback river, and about 
6 miles S. of mount Kosciusko. It is one of the loftiest peaks in the range, and attains 
a height of 6838 feet, as measured by the Rev. W. B. Clarke. It is covered with 
snow most of the year round, and in the hollows near its summit the blacks find, in 
the proper season, large quantities of bogong moths, of which they are extremely fond, 
and which they throw upon the fire and then eat. The geological formation is meta- 
morphic slate and syenitic granite. Numerous varieties of Alpine plants are found on 
the upper part of this peak, the trees and shrubs being of diminutive growth. 

ROOKERY (THE) STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Brougham, J. j 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £34 10s. 

ROOTY HILL (Co. Cumberland) is a small village and centre of an agricultural 
district, lying about 6 miles from Blacktown. 

ROPE'S CREEK (Co. Cumberland) is a small agricultural village, situated on 
Rope's creek (a small E. tributary of the South creek), 3 miles W. of Hebersham or 
Eastern creek. There are 2 hotels, the Farmers' Home, and the Wheat Sheaf. The 
surrounding country is generally flat, and the population employed on the various 
agricultural farms in the district . Sandstone and shale. 



Ros — Rou] 



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483 



ROSEBANK STATION {Myinmmhidgee district) ; occupiers, Downing and 
Mara ; estimated area, 12,000 acres ; grazing capability, 450 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £31 Is. lid. ; the recently appraised rental is £10. 

ROSE BAY {Co. Cumberland) is a beautiful indentation on the S. shore of port 
Jackson, about a mile across from E. to W. It lies between Shark point, on the 
N.E., and point Piper, on the S.W. The two points are rocky, but the head of the 
bay consists of a beautiful fine sandy beach, along the border of which the new road 
from the South head to Sydney runs, in a semicircle, for about a mile and a half, 
being one of the most delightful drives in the neighbourhood of the metropolis. 
Sandstone. 

R0SEBERRY STATION ( Clarence district) ; occupiers, Griffiths and Fanning ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1500 head of cattle. Old charges, £73 15s. ; 
new appraisement, £50. 

RQSEBR00K STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Harnett, Maurice ; area, 
18,000 acres; grazing capability, 9000 sheep. Charges, £137 10s. 
R0SEHILL {Co. Cumberland). See Parkamatta. 

R0SEHILL CREEK {Co. Rous) is a small tributary of the Leycester's creek. 
Sandstone. 

ROSE HILL STATION {Clarence district) ; occupier, Flood, Edward ; area, 
22,400 acres ; grazing capability, 1100 head of cattle. Charges, £68 15s. 

ROSE'S LAGOON {Co. Argyle) is a small lake of permanent fresh water, lying 
about 9 miles N. of lake George, and 3 miles N. of Spring valley. It is about 2 
miles in circumference. Metamorphic slate. 

ROSE VALLEY {Co. Beresford) is a grassy valley, lying on the N. of the 
Umuralla river, in the undulating country to the N. E. of Buny an. P. Clifford has 
683 acres of purchased land in this place. Trap rock and granite. 

ROSE VALLEY STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Clifford, Patrick ; 
area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Bunyan. Charges, £77 10s. 

ROSSI CREEK STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Burritt, Thomas ; area, 
19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. The old charges were £42 16s. 3d.; 
the recently appraised rental is £50. 

ROTO, N.E., STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Petrie, K ; area, 64,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Condobolin. 
Charges, £50. 

ROTO, N., STATION {Lachlan district); occupier, Kennedy, Robert H. ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Condobolin. 
Charges, £30. 

ROTO STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Kennedy, Robert H. ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Condobolin. 
Charges, £30. 

R0UMALLA CREEK {Co. Hardinge, New England district) is a W. tributary 
of the Honeysuckle creek. It is auriferous, the gold being found, as in other water- 
courses in this district (Uralla, or Rocky river gold fields), in the granite detritus 
under the granitic boulders in the bed of the creek. The geological formation is 
hornblendic granite. 

ROUND HILL ( Co. Harden) is a lofty point in the rugged country, lying about 
6 miles S. W. of Jugiong, and on the N. bank of the Murrumbidgee river. The geo- 
logical formation is chiefly limestone. 

ROUND HILL STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Henty and 
Neill ; area, 45,000 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. The old charges were 
£100 ; the recently appraised rental is £219. 

ROUND HILLS STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Walker, Mrs. R. R. ; 
area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 2500 sheep. The old charges were £28 15s.; 
the recently appraised rental is £35. 

ROUND MOUNTAIN {Co. Sehoyn). See Bogong and Jagungal. 



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[Kou — Roz 



ROUND MOUNTAIN (Co. Wallace) is a peak of the Crackeinback mountain, 
in the Bald or Snowy mountain range of the Muniongs. It lies near the head of the 
Mowamba river, in high broken country, covered with snow in winter. Metamorphic 
slate and syenitic granite. 

ROUND SWAMP CREEK (Co. Roxburgh) is an auriferous N. tributary of 
the Turon river, rising in the Cherry-tree hill, and flowing S.E. through scrubby and 
swampy country. It is fed by the Bandamora and Jack Hall's creeks. The geological 
formation is sandstone, limestone, and slate, with occasional out-cropping quartz 
veins, and alluvial deposit along the bed of the creek. 

ROUS is a county in the pastoral district of Clarence. It contains 18,784 acres 
of alienated land, and 1,158,816 acres unalienated. Its present boundaries, however, 
are open to modification. 

ROUSE HILL ( Co. Cumberland) is a postal village, in the parish of Gwydir, 
electoral district of the Hawkesbury, and police district of Windsor. It is situated 
on the Cattai creek, the Blue mountain range being N. W. , distant 28 miles, and 
Eastern creek being 4 miles W. The district is agricultural, Windsor lying 8 miles 
N.W., and Parramatta, 12 miles S.E. The communication with those places, as with 
Sydney, 30 miles E. S.E. , is by railway from Riverstone station, which lies 4 miles 
W. Rouse hill has a post office, and a neat English church and school. There is 1 
hotel, the White Hart (Leathes'. ) The surrounding district is elevated and undulating, 
with excellent freestone quarries ; the soil is but indifferent. The climate is salu- 
brious, and the district free from floods ; it abounds with fine clay, of which is made 
excellent bricks. The population of the entire district numbers about 500 persons. 

ROVER'S CREEK {Co. Roxburgh) is a small tributary of the Winburndale 
rivulet, rising in the high stony ranges, in the parish of Waltham, and flowing N. W. 
through rough scrubby pastoral country. Sandstone, limestone, and clay shale. 

ROUCHEL BROOK (Co. Durham) is an E. tributary of the upper Hunter, fed 
by Davis' and Dry creeks. It falls into the main stream, about 6 miles N.E. of Aber- 
deen. Sandstone and shale. 

ROWENA STATION (Albert district); occupier, De Sailly, G. P. ; area, 64,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

ROWLEY'S RIVER (Co. Macquarie) is a small N. tributary of the lower end 
of the Nowendoc river. Sandstone, shale, and limestone. 

R,0XBURGrH is a county of New South Wales; bounded on the N. by the 
river Cudgegong from mount Duranbang by Cunguddy creek to the junction of Cud- 
gegong creek on the E. of mount Bocobel ; on the W. by that creek, and by a creek 
in the opposite direction beyond the range descending to Cunningham's creek, and by 
Cunningham's creek and the Turon river to the Macquarie ; on the S. by the river 
Macquarie and the Fish river to the junction of Solitary creek to Honeysuckle hill, 
and thence by the Dividing range to the head of Cook's creek, and by that creek to 
the Cudgegong river and Umbrilla creek to mount Duranbang aforesaid. It is 50 
miles long and 40 broad, and contains 972,160 acres. It is divided into the following 
49 parishes, viz. : — N. parishes — Tabrabucca, Warrangunia, Bocoble, Hearne, Mead, 
Wells, Clandulla, Rylstone, Capertee, Goongal, Burrowanry, Goongall, Umbiella, 
Tayar, Ganguddy ; S. parishes— Watton, Jedburgh, Kelso, Peel, Melrose, Eskdale, 
Yetholine, Castleton, Eusdale, Thornshope, Falnash ; E. parishes — Cullen Bullen, 
Ben Bullen, Goco, Morundurey ; W. parishes — Bruinbun, Macquarie, Waterbeach, 
Millah-Murrah, Winburn, Duramana, Waltham, Piper; and, central parishes — Wiagdon, 
Sofala, Churdine, Jesse, Walderten, Dulabree, Stewart, Turon, Coolamigal, Banda- 
mora, and Airly. It contains 1000 acres of unsold church and school land. Sofala is 
the principal town. The number of freehold landholders in this county is 243, and of 
leaseholders, 115. The extent of land in cultivation is 8394^ acres. Under wheat 
there are 4170^ acres ; under maize, 1295 acres ; under barley, 102 acres ; under oats, 
acres ; under tobacco, 1^ acre ; and under vine, 7$ acres. Live stock : 6500 horses ; 
10,475 horned cattle ; 82,095 sheep ; and 2726 pigs. 

ROZELLE BAY (Co. Cumberland) is a wide arm at the head of Johnstone's bay, 
lying between the Glebe, Glebe island, and the isthmus of the Balmain peninsula. On 
the W. bank of this bay is the soap and candle works of Messrs. Cowan and Israel, 



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485 



and a fine garden and orchard belonging to the same gentlemen. On the E. shore lies 
Glebe point and Toxteth park, the estate of the hon. G. Allen. This bay receives 
the waters of Johnstone's and White's creeks. Sandstone. 

RUBY STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Brown, John ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

RUFUS, E. , STATION (Darling district) ; occupiers, Trust and Agency com- 
pany ; area, 32, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Wentworth. Charges, £170 10s. 

RUFUS RIVER (Co. Tara, Darling district) is a stream, rising in the flat table 
land in the S.W. of the colony, known as Hawdon's plains, and flowing S. It is 
crossed by the road from Wentworth to Adelaide, and waters a sterile and partially 
taken up pastoral country. The geological formation is older pliocene tertiary. 

RUGGrED PEAK {Co. Wynyard) is a high peak in the range of rough moun- 
tainous pastoral country to N. E. of the township of Tarcutta. It lies on the N. E. 
bank of the Yaven-Yaven creek. Granite. 

RUMBEC MOUNT {Co. dive) is the second highest peak in the New England 
range of mountains, attaining an altitude of 4947 feet above sea level. It lies near 
the head of the Mole river, and about 24 miles N.N.E. of Severn, on the E. side of the 
road to Tenterfield. Granite and sandstone. 

RUMKER'S PEAK ( Co. Phillip) is the name given to the highest peak of a 
double-headed detached mountain, lying on the E. side of the road from Dabee to 
Merriwa, about 6 miles N. of the former place. Sandstone. 

RUNNING CREEK (Co. Parry) is a small E. tributary of the Bald creek. 
Hornblendic granite. 

RUSHCUTTER'S BAY {Co. Cumberland) is an indentation on the S. shore of 
port Jackson, lying about 1^ mile from the centre of Sydney, and receiving the waters 
of Rushcutter's creek. It lies between Darling and Pott's points, and is about f of a mile 
long from N. to S. On its W. shore is a curious rock, known as the Horse's head, or 
the Kangaroo, from a supposed resemblance to one or the other of those objects. The 
beach is sandy, and the waters of the bay shallow. The village of St. Mark's lies to 
the S. E. of this bay, on the New South Head road which passes close past its head. 

RUSHCUTTER'S CREEK {Co. Northumberland) is a small stream, rising at 
the head of the valley of Lacroza, to the E. side of Sydney, and flowing N. through a 
cultivated flat (market gardens), and across the lower South Head road, which crosses 
it by a stone bridge, into Rushcutter's bay. It is fed by the Glenmore creek. This 
<?reek forms part of the E. boundary of the city of Sydney. Sandstone, with alluvial 
-deposit. 

RUSHY GLASS FLAT STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, 
Throsby and Lewes ; estimated area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. 
The old charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £105. 

RUSSELL'S {Co. Cowley). See West Denison. 

RUNNYMEDE STATION {Clarence district) • occupiers, Atkinson and Mc- 
Kellar ; area, 57,600 acres ; grazing capability, 7000 head of cattle. Charges, £406 5s. 

RYAN'S CREEK ( Co. Beresford) is a small stream, flowing into Tinderry creek, 
and draining some, scrubby pastoral country to the N. of the Bredbo river. Granite 
-and metamorphic slate. 

RYDAL, 33° 27' S. lat., 150° 3' E. long. (Co. Cook) is a postal township in the 
arish of Lisdale, electoral and police districts of Hartley. It is situated on the 
olitary creek, 92 miles from Sydney on the Bathurst road, and in an agricultural and 
pastoral district, the nearest place being Bowenfels, about 8 miles E. , on the main 
road. Cobb's coaches pass through both places daily to and from Bathurst and Pen- 
rith, the communication with Sydney being from the latter place by rail. There are 
2 hotels, the Rydal inn and the Fox under the Hill. The nearest telegraph station is 
at Hartley, 15 miles E. The surrounding country is elevated, and consists of broken 
and rugged mountain scenery, heavily timbered and thickly scrubbed. The geological 
formation is chiefly ferruginous sandstone. The population numbers about 200 
^persons. 



486 



The Xew South Wales Gazetteer. 



[Ryd— Ryl 



RYDE [Co. Cumberland) is a postal village, formerly, and more familiarly known 
as Kissing point. It is an original district of New Sonth Wales, in the county of 
Cumberland, police district of Parramatta, electoral district of St. Leonards, and in 
the parish of Hunter's hill ; is situated on the N. bank of the Parramatta river, 7 
miles W. from the city of Sydney, and about the same distance E. from Parramatta. 
The X. bank of the Parramatta river forms the S. boundary of Ryde, its course being 
S. and S.E. ; it is navigable for vessels up to 600 tons as far up as Ryde. One mile 
W. from Ryde is the flat, which prevents the navigation of vessels exceeding 100 
tons. The banks are composed of sandstone rock. The nearest point of the Lane 
cove river is 2 miles E. from Ryde ; its course is sinuous. Its junction with the 
Parramatta river is at Onion's point, from which place to its head is about 16 miles. 
It is navigable for small boats onty, and its banks are sandstone rock, and mostly 
precipitous. Ryde is an horticultural district principally ; it is celebrated for its 
or mgeries and vineyards, its soil and situation being admirably adapted for the culti- 
vation of fruit. The Pennant hills quarry is 3 miles N.W. from Ryde. From this 
quarry blue metal has been taken for many years, and conveyed by boats from the 
Pennant hills wharf to the city of Sydney, for the purpose of macadamizing the 
srreets. The quarry is the property of the Government, who lease it to the city 
corporation. Sydney is 7 miles distant, and bears E. from Ryde. Parramatta is 
about the same distance W. The village of Hunter's hill lies E. of Ryde ; it was 
proclaimed a municipality in 1861, and its W. boundary forms the E. boundary of 
Ryde. The communication is by steamboats. The Parramatta and Sydney steamers 
touch 6 times daily at Ermington, Ryde, and Gladesville, which places are within 
the district of Ryde. There is a road from Ryde to Sydney, via Bedlam ferry, the 
distance from Sydney by this route being 11 miles. A road has recently been pro- 
claimed from Ryde to Sydney, via Five Dock and Balniain ferries ; when they are 
established, this route will bring Ryde within 6 miles of the city of Sydney. These 
punts are eventually to be superseded with bridges. There is a court of petty 
sessions. There are 4 places of worship, namely, church of England, Roman catholic, 
Wesleyan, and Baptist, and also 2 schools (Denominational;. The hotels are the 
Steam Boat inn and the Ryde hotel. There is an Odd Fellows' lodge (the United 
Friends lodge, No. 48) in the village. The roads are managed by a local committee, 
appointed annually by the Government. Ryde occupies an elevated position, over- 
looking Sydney, Parramatta, and the surrounding country ; it is particularly healthy 
and salubrious. The surrounding country is undulating, with large quantities of 
sandstone cropping out on the slopes of the ridges. The population numbers about 
1600 persons ; the dwellings, 330 ; and the area is 5580 acres. 

RYLSTONE, 32° 50' S. lat., 150° V E. long. (Co. Roxburgh) is a postal town- 
ship, in the electoral district of Hartley, and police district of Rylstone. It is situated 
on the left bank of the Cudgegong river. The district is principally pastoral, the 
country being well adapted for sheep grazing ; agricultural pursuits are also followed 
to some extent, there being patches of land, chiefly the alluvial flats along the banks 
of the river and small creeks, admirably suited for the growth of wheat and potatoes. 
Rylstone has an Odd Fellows' lodge (Rose, Shamrock, and Thistle lodge), and a branch 
of the Sydney Insurance company. The nearest places are Mudgee, distant 32 miles 
N.W., and Sofala, 30 miles S. W., with which places there is no regular conveyance. 
With Sydney, 139 miles S.E. , the communication is by horse or dray to the main 
Sydney and Mudgee road, from which it is distant 16 miles, thence by Cobb's coach 
to Penrith, and thence hy rail. There is 1 hotel, the Rylstone Tavern. The district 
comprises part of the counties of Roxburgh, Phillip, Hunter, and Cofck. Gold has been 
found in nearly all the watercourses, particularly in parts of the Cudgegong and Ca- 
pertee rivers, a few diggers having been at work on the latter river, at what are 
called the Bogee diggings (alluvial) for several years, and the yield being small but 
payable. The nearest telegraph offices are Mudgee and Sofala. Rylstone has a post 
office, a police station, and a court of petty sessions. The geological formation is 
metamorphic slate. The population of the township numbers about 130 persons. 

Rylstone is a police district, embracing the N. portion of the county of Roxburgh, 
the E. portion of the county of Phillip, and the W. portions of the counties of Hunter 
and Cook ; and bounded on the N. by the Goulburn river, downwards, from the con- 
fluence of Bylong creek to that of Widdin creek, thence on the E. by Widdin creek 
to its head at mount Coricudgy, thence by the Great Dividing range, and the range 
forming the E. watershed of Umbiella creek to the Colo river, at Sir Johns' mouth, 



Sac— St. A] 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



487 



by a line, southerly, crossing the Colo : river, and by the range forming the E . water- 
shed of Coco or Cook's creek to the Great Dividing range ; on the S. by the Great 
Dividing range, westerly, to Blackman's Crown, thence by a line, south-westerly, to 
the nearest point of the Turon river, near the confluence of Coolamigal creek ; on the 
W. by that river, downwards, to the confluence of Eound Swamp creek, and thence 
by the range forming the W. watershed of that creek, the range forming the S. 
watershed of Waragunnia creek, and a spur range to Cunningham's creek, opposite 
the confluence of the tributary falling into it from mount Corcalgong ; thence on the 
W. by the W. boundary of the county of Roxburgh, being Cunningham's creek, up- 
wards, a tributary which rises nearly S. of the Cudgegong ci^eek, by a line, northerly, 
to the head of Cudgegong creek, and by that creek to its confluence with the 
Cudgegong river ; thence by a line N. by compass, passing to the W. of the village 
of Dungaree to the Great Dividing range, and by that range, easterly, and the range 
forming the W. watershed of Bylong creek, to the confluence of that creek with the 
Goulburn river, aforesaid. The place of petty sessions is Rylstone. 

SACKVILLE REACH (or Portland Head) (Cos. Cook and Cumberland) 
is a postal settlement in the parish of Maroota, electoral district of the Hawkesbury, 
and police district of Windsor. It is situated on both sides of the Hawkesbury river 
for a distance of about 2 miles. Currency and Billong creeks join the Hawkesbury in 
the neighbourhood. The district is an agricultural one, thickly timbered and scrubbed, 
with cultivation at intervals. There is a steam flour mill (Kiernan's) in the settle- 
ment. The nearest places are Wilberforce, 74 miles, S.S.W., and Windsor, 11^ miles, 
S., the communication being by 2-horse coach, twice a week. With Sydney, 44 
miles S.E., the communication is by rail from Windsor. Sacksville reach has a post 
office, and a wharf (Churchill's) to which place the coach runs. The nearest hotel is 
at Wilberforce. The roads are under the control of a local board. The surrounding 
country is flat, but broken and rugged. The geological formation is ferruginous sand- 
stone. The population numbers about 100 persons, there being 18 dwelling houses. 

SADLEIR'S FLAT {Co. Buccleugh) is a small plain, lying to the N. of the 
Adjimgbilly reserve, on the Adjungbilly creek, and at the S. foot of Paddy's Rock hill. 
Granitic. 

SAHARA, N., STATION (Darling district); occirpier, Tyson, James ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Bal- 
ranald. Charges, £60. 

SAHARA STATION (Darling district); occupier, Tyson, James; area, 64,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Balranald. Charges, 

£60. :.{-*: . 

SAHARA No. 2 STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Tyson, James ; area, 
44,240 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Bal- 
ranald. Charges, £46 8s. 

SAILOR'S BAY (Co. Cumberland). See Mowbray Bay. 

ST. ALBAN'S, 33° 14' S. lat., 150° 59' E. long. (Co. Northumberland), is a postal 
township, in the electoral district of the Hawkesbury, and police district of Macdonald 
river. It lies on the Macdonald river, 10 miles N. of the Hawkesbury. The district 
is an entirely agricultural one, having no mills, manufactories, or mines of any kind. 
Windsor lies 36 miles S., and Wollombi 40 miles N. ; Gosford lies 40 miles S.E. 
Windsor may be reached by water, a steamboat running from the Macdonald river to 
that place ; or, by horse along the North road ; the other places can only be reached 
by horse or dray. With Sydney, 66 miles S.E., the communication is by railway 
from Windsor, or by sailing vessel down the Hawkesbury (90 miles). There are 2 hotels, 
the Settlers' Arms (Delander's), and the Victoria inn (Sternbeck's). St. Alban's, or, 
as it is often called, the Macdonald, lies in a narrow valley entirely, hemm«d in by 
mountains, and along the bed of this valley flows the Macdonald river. The district 
is very fertile, about 100,000 bushels of maize, besides other produce, being grown in 
the year. There are 2 National and 2 Denominational schools in the neighbourhood. 
The air is pure and salubrious, and the climate conducive to long life, many persons 
resident in it reaching the age of 90 years. The population of the township numbers 
about 80 persons, that of the district about 800. Ferruginous sandstone. 

ST. ANTHONY'S CREEK (Co. Roxburgh) is a small auriferous tributary of tha 



488 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



[St. C— St. L 



upper part of the Winburndale rivulet, flowing N.W. through the New Glanmire 
gold workings, and through the holdings of Messrs. Aspinall and Palmer. A site for 
a Chinese town has been marked out on this creek. The geological formation of the 
valley of this creek is schistose at its upper end, with numerous quartz reefs, and 
porphyritic and trappean rocks ; of the lower end the formation is granite, intersected 
with quartz veins, and various metamorphic rocks with auriferous alluvial drift. At 
and near the junction of the two formations are extensive beds of ferruginous con- 
glomerate, or miner's cement. 

ST. CLOUD'S STATION" ( Clarence district) ; occupier, Shea, Peter ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. Charges, £52 10s. 

ST. GEORGE'S BASIN (Co. St. Vincent) is a coast lake or lagoon, lying to the 
N.W. of, and connected by a narrow opening with the Sussex haven. It is fed by 
two small creeks, the Mooria-Mooria and the Wandrawandian. Ferruginous sand- 
stone. 

ST. GEORGE CAPE, 35° 11' 15" S. lat., 150° 47' E., long. (Co. St. Vincent), is a 
rocky promontory on the peninsula forming the S. head of Jervis' bay. At a distance 
of 2 miles N. of this cape is a white stone tower erected on a prominent headland, 
and on which a light is exhibited, called the Cape St. George light. The light is in 
35° 9' 15" S. lat., 150° 47' 48" E. long. The tower is 61 ft. high, the light 224 ft. above 
high water level, and is visible in all directions of the horizon from N. 27° E. , round 
by the eastward to S. 0° 40' W. It is also visible 19° 52' further to the W., over a 
sloping hill, situated to the S. of the lighthouse, but only when a considerable dis- 
tance to the S. of the same. The light is on the Catoptric principle of the 3rd class, 
and revolving, exhibiting at intervals of 30 seconds a red, green, and white light, 
alternately. The intensity of the white light is visible from an elevation of 16 feet in 
clear weather, at a distance of 20 miles, while its green and red rays vanish at a dis- 
tance of 15 miles. Sandstone. 

ST. GILES' STATION [Wellington district.) See Warraberry. 

ST. HILLIER'S BROOK (Co. Durham) is an E. tributary of the Hunter 
river, falling into it about 1^ mile N. of Musclebrook. Sandstone. 

ST. LEONARD'S (Co. Cumberland) is a postal township, in the parish of Wil- 
loughby, electoral district of St. Leonard's, and police district of Sydney. It is a 
suburban township to Sydney, situated on the N. shore of port Jackson, the indenta- 
tions in the land at St. Leonard's, being Berry's, and Hulk, (or Lavender) bay, and 
Careening cove. There is 1 kerosene oil works newly erected, but no other mills or 
manufactories, except 2 blacksmith's shops in the township. The inhabitants are 
chiefly persons whose business lies in Sydney, but there are also a number of quarry- 
men, ballastmen, and ferrymen resident in and near the township. The nearest place 
is Sydney, 2 miles S. (to the obelisk whence distances are measured), although the 
lower end of Sydney is only divided from the North Shore by the waters of port 
Jackson, at this place, 712 yards wide, from Dawes' point to Blue's point. The com- 
munication is by small ferry steamer from Blue's point to the Windmill-street wharf, 
and from Milsom's point to the Circular quay, the boats running every 15 minutes 
throughout the day, and also by watermen's boat, available at any time. The village 
of Lane cove lies 9 miles N. W. , there being, however, no communication except by 
horse or dray. The township of St Leonard's is a scattered one, lying on two hills, 
and consisting of a number of suburban villas, the residences of the boatmen, quarry- 
men, and others engaged in the locality, and several stores and hotels, the principal 
of the latter being the St. Leonard's, Royal, and Victoria, in St. Leonard's W., and 
Dind's and the Lily of St. Leonard's in St. Leonard's E. The surrounding country is 
undulating, consisting of hills and gullies timbered with light gum and stringy-bark 
trees and scrub, the hills ranging from 200 to 300 feet in height. To the N. of the 
township*, and at a distance of about 2 miles, is a fine waterfall, at the head of one of 
the arms of Middle harbour ; it is known as the Willoughby fall. There is another 
fall at the head of Mossman's bay, about 2 miles to the E. of the township. The 
roads are under the control of a local road board. St. Leonard's has a post office, a 
fine stone-built school of arts, and 2 churches (Anglican), at one of which (St. Thomas') 
officiates the celebrated geologist, the Rev. W. B. Clarke, who has done so much 
towards the development of the gold fields of the colony, by pointing out the aurife- 
rous character of the various mountains and creek beds in different parts of the coun- 



9 



St. L— St. P] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 489 



try. There are also Roman catholic, Wesleyan, and Baptist places of worship. St. 
Leonard's has agencies of the Victoria and Northern Life Insurance companies. The 
geological formation of the neighbourhood consists of the two upper portions of the 
carboniferous formation, much of the sandstone being hard, and suitable for building 
purposes. There are also occasional beds of good freestone suitable for nagging. The 
population of St. Leonard's and the vicinity number about 2000 persons. St. 
Leonard's municipality was proclaimed 17th August, 1860. 

The St. Leonard's electoral district embraces the N.E. portion of the county of 
Cumberland, and is bounded on the N. by the Hawkesbury river, from the sea, at 
Broken bay, to Cowan creek ; on the W. by the W. boundaries of the parishes of 
Broken bay, Gordon, and Hunter's hill, to the Parramatta river, at Pennant hills 
wharf ; on the S. by the Parramatta river and port Jackson to the sea ; and on the E. 
by the sea to Broken bay, aforesaid. This electorate comprises a portion of the dis- 
tricts of Sydney and Parramatta, and returns 1 member to the Legislative Assembly, 
the present representative being W. Tunks, Esq. The number of registered electors 
in this district is 1996, of whom 1141 voted at the last general election, 1864-1865. 

ST. LEONARD'S CREEK ( Co. Parry) is a small tributary of the Ingleba creek, 
flowing from Watch hill. Palasozoic. 

ST- LEONARD'S STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Denne, Wm. 
and P. H. ; area, 32,000 acres; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £50 ; the recently appraised rental is £112. 

ST- MARK'S (Co. Cumberland) is a small village, suburban to Sydney, in the 
parish of Alexandria, municipality of Paddington, electoral district of Paddington, and 
police district of Sydney. It lies on the slope of a hill on the New South Head road, 
between Pushcutter's and Double bays, and about 2 miles E. from Sydney. The 
Darling Point road branches off from the South Head road on the N. , and the Glen- 
more road to Paddington on the S. side of the village. There are several market 
gardens in the vicinity, and suburban villas are rapidly springing up on every side. 
The communication with Sydney is by the Darling point and Double bay 'busses, 
which run every half hour during the day. The hotels are the Bayswater (Edmond's), 
Pichmond (Ridley's), White Conduit (White's), and Pushcutter's bay (Nicholson's). 
Cabs may be had at any time from Elliott and Clark, coach proprietors, who reside in 
the village. There is a post office and several shops in the village, near which the 
English church of St. Mark (Darling Point road), which gives it the name, is situated. 
There is also a Congregational church, and a Denominational school (St. Mark's). The 
church of St. James, Sydney, has a large tract of valuable glebe land, on the S. side 
of the village. The surrounding district consists of sandstone ridges and swamps, 
with occasional patches of good alluvial land. The population is but small. 

ST. MARY'S {Co. Cumberland) is a postal village, in the electoral district of the 
Nepean, and police district of Penrith. It is situated on Rope's creek, and is the centre 
of an agricultural district. Penrith lies 4 miles N. , the communication being by horse or 
dray only. With Sydney, 29 miles E., the communication is by railway from Penrith 
thrice a day. The hotels are the Stranger's Home, Volunteer, Cottage of Content, Car- 
riers' Arms, and Green Linnet. There are 6 tanneries in the district, the population 
being largely engaged in them, and being scattered over the farms of the neighbourhood. 
Sandstone. 

ST. MICHAEL'S CAVE (Co. CumberlaH^, is a remarkable cave, situated high 
up in the sea cliffs, but easy of access, in the tongue of land known as Barrenjuey, 
near Pitt water, in the parish of Narrabeen, and about 25 miles N. of Sydney. This 
spot is a favourite place of resort for excursion parties to Pitt water. Sandstone. 

ST. PETERS, 33° 54' S. lat., 151° 14' E. long. {Co. Cumberland), is a postal 
village in the parish of Petersham, electoral district of Canterbury, and police district 
of Sydney. It is situated about 1 mile N.E. of Cook's river and 1 mile due N. of 
Woolli creek. The district is an agricultural one, but a considerable number of the 
inhabitants are engaged in brickmaking and limeburning. The nearest places are 
Newtown and Kingstown, 1 mile N.E. ; Waterloo, 1 mile E.; Botany, 2 miles S.E. ; 
Marrickville, | of a mile N.W. ; and Tempe, 1 mile S.W. Omnibuses run to from 
Tempe, Newtown, and Sydney, 4^ miles. There are 3 hotels, the Antrim Arms, 
Hero of Waterloo, and Butchers' arms. The surrounding country is low and undu- 
lating. There is an upper strata of alluvial soil, below which is clay (much used for 
brickmaking) and sandstone. The population numbers about 600 persons. 



490 The Key; South Wales Gazetteer. [St. Y— San 



ST. VINCENT is a county of New South Wales ; it is bounded on the N. and 
W. by the Shoalhaven river ; on the S. by the Wianbene creek to its source, and 
thence by the Moodong creek and the Moruya river to the sea coast, which forms the 
E. boundary. It is SO miles long from N. to S., and 40 miles in width from E. to W., 
and contains an area of 1,704,SS4 square miles. The chief town is Braidwood. The 
S. part of this county is rich in mineral wealth, the Araluen gold fields being situated 
there. St. Vincent contains 43,500 acres of unsold church and school lands. The 
number of freehold landholders in this county is 358, and of leaseholders 283. The 
extent of land in cultivation is 120,291 acres. Under wheat there are 1568 acres ; 
under maize, 4310 acres ; under barley, 279^ acres ; under oats, 840| acres ; and 
under vine, 9 acres. Livestock, 9509 horses; 58,347 horned cattle; 17,949 sheep; 
and 7245 pigs. 

SALADIN STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, De Sailly, G. P. ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

SALISBURY PLAINS {Co. Sandon) is a tract of good pastoral country, com- 
prising the parishes of Salisbury, Mihi, Blacknote, and Gostwych, and extending about 
15 miles from N to S. by about 7 miles from E. to W. It is watered by the Salis- 
bury waters, and the Mihi and other small creeks. A range of low hills, terminating 
to the S. E. in Bald N ob, runs across the plain, dividing it into two parts. Granite. 

SALISBURY PLAINS (D) STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Pitt 
and Sullivan ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31 Is. 

SALISBURY STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Marsh, M. H. ; 
area, 35,840 acres; grazing capability, 12,000 sheep. Old charges, £120 ; new ap- 
praisement, £180. 

SALISBURY WATERS {Co. Sandon) is a fine stream, flowing from the Ohio 
peak, whence it is fed by the Swampy flat creek (the name of its head) through the 
fine tract of pastoral country known as the Salisbury plains, into the Mihi creek, a 
little below Dangar's falls. It is fed by the Saumarez creek. Granite and slate. 

SALLY'S FLAT {Co. Wellington) is an auriferous fiat forming part of the Tam- 
baroora gold field, and lying at the head of the Green valley creek, about 6 miles 
N.W. of the township of Sofala. Metamorphic slate. 

SALLY'S FLAT CREEK {Co. Buccleugh) is a small tributary of Peppercorne 
creek, rising in the E. of Peppercorne hill, and flowing N.E. about 6 miles. Slate and 
limestone. 

SALLY'S FLAT CREEK {Co. Wellington) is a small auriferous tributary of 
Green valley creek, draining Sally's flat to the E. of the Tambaroora gold field. Meta- 
morphic. 

SALMAGUNDIA STATION {Lachlan district); occupier, Mehoffey, James; 
area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Condobolin. Charges, £38. 

SALT ASH {Co. Gloucester) is a small agricultural village, lying about 13 miles 
E. of Kayniond terrace. 

SALT LAKE RUN STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Scott,_ James ; area, 
64, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Wentworth. 
Charges, £31. 

SALTPAN CREEK {Co. Cumberland) is a small N. tributary of the lower end 
of George's river. Silurian. 

Also a small creek flowing into Long bay, a W. arm of Middle harbour. 

SALT PLAINS STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Officer, William ; 
area, 20, 800 acres ; grazing capability, 40 0 sheep. Charges, £70. 

SALTWATER CREEK {Co. Durham) is a small stream, flowing into the S. 
part of port Stephens. Sandstone. 

SAMUEL'S FLAT ( Co. Wellington), See Golden Gullv. 

SAUCY CREEK {Co. Wellesley). See Mahratta Creek. 

SAND HOLES STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupier, Eales, John ; area, 
20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 



San] 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



491 



SANDILANDS STATION {Clarence district) ; occupier, Parbury, C. and G. 
W. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £40 ; new ap- 
praisement, £115. 

S ANDON is a county, lying in the N. E. part of the colony ; it is bounded on the 
N. by Clarke, S. by Vernon, E. by Raleigh, and W. by Darling. The chief town is 
Uralla. It is divided into the following 33 parishes : N. parishes — Ben Lomond, 
Llangothlin, Falconer, Wentworth, Somerset, Boorlong, Exmouth, Tilbuster, Spring 
mount ; S. parishes — Devon, Uralla, Gostwick, Mihi, Lawrence, Eastlake, Salisbury, 
Harnham, Kentucky, Sandon, Blacknote ; and central parishes — Saltash, Hardinge, 
Elton, Albert, Dangarsleigh, Butter, Dumaresq, Duval, Saumarez, Armidale, Donald, 
Gyra, and Tiverton. The area is 828,800 acres. 

SANDON RIVER (Co. Clarence) is a small unimportant stream, flowing 
through good cedar country into the ocean at Plover island. It is fed by the 
Toumbaal and Condole creeks. Sandstone, 

SANDY CREEK {Co. Auckland) is a small S. tributary of the Bemboka river, 
rising in the S. coast range, and flowing through good pastoral country about 20 miles 
in an E. direction. It is fed by the Sheep Station creek. Trap rock. 

SANDY CREEK (Co. Bligh). See Yarrabil Creek. 

SANDY CREEK {Co. Buccleugh), a small E. tributary of the Adjungbilli 
creek, flowing round the S. foot of Paddy's rock hill. Slate and trap rock. 

SANDY CREEK (or Crooked River) {Co. Camden) is a small stream, flowing 
into the sea near Black head at the N. end of the 4-mile beach, and about 1 mile S. of 
Geringong. It has a bed of quicksand near its mouth, a ad is dangerous to be crossed 
at high tide. Sandstone and granite boulders. 

SANDY CREEK ( Co. Georgiana) is a small E. tributary of the Lachlan river, 
rising in the scrub near the village of Bigga, and flowing N.W. about 6 miles. Slate 
and limestone. 

SANDY CREEK {Co. Gough) is a small S. tributary of the Severn river, rising 
in the N. E. slope of Tower hill, on the Glen Innes and Warialda road, and flowing N. 
Hornblendic granite. 

SANDY CREEK {Co. Hardinge, New England district) is a small tributary 
creek of the Eragerra creek, crossing the road from Armidale to Inverell. Granite. 

SANDY CREEK (Co. Parry) is a small S. tributary of the Peel river, flowing 
through a grassy flat to the S.W. of Bective township in a N. direction, about 4 miles. 
Granite, with sandy drift. 

SANDY CREEK {Co. Tirana, Murrumbidgee district), a small E. tributary of the 
Urana creek, draining fiat pastoral country. Pliocene tertiary. 

SANDY CREEK {Co. Wynyard) is a small W. tributary of the Tumut river, 
flowing into it N. of and near the township of Talbingo. Trap rock. 

SANDY CREEK STATION {Bligh district) ■ occupier, Lowe, C. B. ; area, 
40,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the recently 
appraised rental is £40. 

SANDY CREEK STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Maguire and Hall ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31. 

SANDY CREEK STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, McDonald, 
Robert; estimated area, 46,080 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old 
charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £40. 

SANDY CREEK STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Pearson, Chas. 
Edward; area, 23,040 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were 
£40 ; the receutly appraised rental is £75. 

SANDY FLAT CREEK (Co. Buccleugh) is a W. tributary of the Goodradigbee 
river, flowing N.E. about 8 miles, and draining a portion of the S. of the Yass 
plains. 

SANDY RIDGES STATION (Murrumbidgee district) occupiers, Gayer, R, and 
Crosse, H. B. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £25 6s. ; the recently appraised rental is £33 15s. 



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[San — Sco 



SANDY WATERHOLE CREEK (Co. Goulburn), a small E. tributary of the 
Cappabella creek. Mica, schist, and granite. 

SANS SOUCI ( Co. Cumberland) is a pleasant spot, lying on the George's river. 
It is laid out in pleasure grounds, and an excellent hotel (Frost's) has been recently 
erected there. Sans Souci is a favourite place for pic-nic parties, and for persons in 
search of health or relaxation from business. Sandstone and limestone. 

SARA RIVER .(Co. Gresham) is a fine stream, rising in mount Mitchell, to the 
N. of the Oban diggings, and flowing N. E. to the Guy Fawkes river, the two form- 
ing the Boyd river. It is fed by the Ann river, and Nowland's, Storm, and Bob's 
creeks. Sandstone, with quartz at its upper end. 

SASSAFRAS (Co. St. Vincent) is a small postal village, on the road from 
Shoalhaven to Braidwood. 

SAUMAREZ CREEK (Co. Sandon) is a fine stream, rising in the ranges to 
the W. of Armidale, and flowing S.E. through good pastoral country into the Salis- 
bury waters, a little above the junction of that stream with the Mihi creek. It is 
fed by the Sunbury Gully creek. Granite and slate. 

SAUMAREZ STATION" {New England district) ; occupier, Thomas, Henry 
A. ; area, 230,400 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 head of cattle and 15,500 sheep. 
Charges, £154. 

SAVERNAKI STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Webster, Wil- 
liam ; area, 15,000 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. Charges, £70. 

SAWYER'S (Co. Wynyard) is a mining village, in the mining district of Ade- 
long. It is situated on the Sawyer's creek, about 10 miles from the township of 
Adelong, the mining being wholly alluvial. Slate and shales. 

SAWYER^S CREEK STATION {Lachlan district); occupier, Haggarty, 
George ; area, 970 acres ; grazing capability, 40 head of cattle. The nearest post town 
is Adelong. The old charges were £10 17s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £10. 

SAWYER'S FLAT STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Grogan, William ; 
area, 5200 acres ; grazing capability, 270 head of cattle. The old charges were £22 
13s. 2d. ; the recently appraised rental is £40. 

SAWYER'S MISTAKE STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Os- 
borne, J. H. ; area, 13,600 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. Charges, £26. 

SCABBING YARD CREEK {Co. Wellington). See Merriangledre Creek. 

SCHONE'S PADDOCK (Co. Wellington) is a smaU aUuvial diggings on the 
Burrendong gold fields. Metamorphic shale. 

SCONE, 32° 4' S. lat., 150° 57' E. long. (Co. Brisbane), is a postal township in 
the parish of St. Luke, electoral district of Upper Hunter (of which it is the head 
polling place), and police district of Scone. It is situated on the Kingdon ponds, the 
Page river being 7 miles E., and the Hunter river 7 miles S.E. Scone is almost 
totally surrounded by mountains, the Kangaroo range lying about 14 miles E. ; the 
Holdsworthy Downs (supposed to have been at one time a lake, but now lying 100 
feet above the level of the township), 1 mile W. ; and the Moonby mountains, 5 miles 
W. The township lies at an elevation of about 870 feet above sea level. The district 
is agricultural and pastoral, and there are 3 brickyards, 4 blacksmiths, and 1 flour 
mill in the township, together with numerous stores and shops, The nearest places 
are Aberdeen, 7 miles S. ; and Blandford, 21 miles N. ; with which places there is 
communication by daily stage coach. With Sydney, 167 miles S.S.W., the communi- 
cation is by daily mail coach to Singleton, 43 miles ; thence by railway to Newcastle, 
and thence by steamer. Scone has no hospital or benevolent institution, but there is 
a benevolent society that gives outdoor relief to the sick and infirm poor, and is pro- 
ductive of great good in the district. There is a post and money order office, a tele- 
graph station, and a court house, where the petty sessions and district courts are held. 
Scone is on the main road from Singleton to Armidale, and on the proposed line of 
Great Northern railway. It has a mail coach booking office, where passengers can 
take places per 4-horse coach to Murrurundi and Singleton, and intermediate places. 
There are branches of the Savings' bank and the European and Sydney Insurance 
companies in the town. The hotels are — the Railway, Golden Fleece, Willow Tree, 



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493 



Crown and Anchor, and St. Aubin. There are 3 places of worship : church of Eng- 
land, Roman catholic, and Presbyterian ; and a National and a Denominational 
school. The town is situated on the side of a small hill, having a gentle slope, which 
renders drainage easy and effectual. The population of Scone numbers about 400 
persons. The surrounding country, known' as the Kingdon Ponds plain, is gently 
undulating, and is adapted for agriculture. ' The geological formation is of the lower 
coal measures, there being fossil wood in abundance, and stumps of trees, like the 
remains of a forest, in the ground. Over these are found marine remains, coral, &c. 
In a creek lying on one side of the Ponds a coal seam crops out from below these 
fossils beds. At a distance of 7 miles from Scone, on the Page river, is found fine 
grey limestone, of oolitic structure ; it is quarried and burnt for lime. In the more 
immediate neighbourhood of the town the hills are generally composed of schist, the 
rock forming excellent road metal. In speaking of this district, Mr. W. Keene, 
mine inspector for the northern district, says as follows: — "At Scone, near the 
Kingdon ponds, the plain is strewed with fossil wood, and rooted trunks of large 
fossil trees, arising from the ground, look as though they were still in their places of 
growth ; whilst a natural section in the bank of the creek or pond close by, and 
bordering the estate of the hon. Secretary for Lands, shows the out crop of a coal 
seam rising from below, and regularly covered by the fossil bed. In examining at- 
tentively the ground of these fossil trees, I perceived signs of a marine deposit, and 
it became a question which of the two was the oldest — the forest or the sea-bottom. 
This was soon resolved. A block of coral, built upon and into the fossil wood, 
proved unmistakably that the forest and the coal below were both more ancient than 
the marine fossils covering them. This evidence, in conjunction with that which I 
am obtaining from the workings at Dalwood creek, will set at rest the controversy as 
to the age of the carboniferous deposits of New South Wales, and prove that they are 
not recent, but as ancient as any known to geology. I send specimens of the coral- 
line rock and the fossil wood, and I have brought away fragments of trees of large 
diameter, to distribute with the other specimens I shall send you in support of these 
views (when I have completed the work in hand bearing upon this question), for the 
Philosophical society of Melbourne. About 7 miles from Scone, on the left bank of 
the river Page, a limestone is worked, which I followed for a couple of miles to where 
the beds are laid bare over a large surface. I send specimens, which show it to be a 
rich limestone of oolitic structure. Finding it to be encased, as it were, in a clay of 
impure limestone, I am not without hopes that some of the beds may prove to be of 
the proportion of clay and lime which make cement ; and I have given instructions 
for portions of these rocks to be sent to me for experiment. I found a bed of cal- 
careous rock near Singleton, and a band of clay iron ore of the coal measures below 
this rock, both beds being above the coal worked at Rix's creek." The quantity of 
gold received by escort from the Scone gold fields during the year 1864, was 437 ozs., 
which, at £3 lis. 8d. per oz., was of the total value of £1568 18s. 6d. 

Scone is a police district, embracing a N.W. portion of the county of Durham and 
an E. and N.E. portion of the county of Brisbane, and bounded on the N. from mount 
Tinagroo by the Liverpool range W. to mount Terell ; on the W. by the range dividing 
the waters of Hall's and Gummum creeks, and the range forming the W. watershed 
of Warrendie creek, to a point W. of the S. W. corner of G. Hall's 765 acres on Hall's 
creek ; on the S. by a line bearing E. to the S.W. corner of that land, and by the S. 
and E. boundaries of Hall's lands, exclusive of his 372 acres on Grant's creek, to the 
S E. corner of W. Hall's easternmost 640 acres ; thence by a line E. to the confluence 
of Guangua and Wybong creeks ; thence by a line bearing E. and forming the S. 
boundaries of W. Cox's 1056 and 726 acres, S. Wright's 640 acres, D. C. F. Scott's 
640 acres, and George. Hall's 3000 acres, and the N. boundaries of W. Cox's 937 acres, 
D. C. F. Scott's 2560 acres, and D. M'Intyre's 560 and 2000 acres, to Dartbrook, by 
Dartbrook to the river Hunter, and by that river upwards the S. boundary of the 
village reserve of Aberdeen, and the N. boundary of Henry Dumaresq's 1500 acres to 
its N.E. corner; and thence by the range dividing the waters of St. Hillier's and 
Pouchel brooks to the range dividing the waters of Musclebrook, St. Hillier's brook, 
and the Pouchel brook, from those of the Saltwater creek, Foy brook, and Falbrook ; 
and on the E., again on the N. and on the N.W. by that range, the mount Poyal 
range, and the range dividing the waters of the river Hunter from those of the Man- 
ning and the Liverpool range, N. and W., to the tributary of the river Isis, rising 
about 14 mile W. of Crawney's pass in that range ; thence again on the W. by that 



494 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Sco — Sck, 



tributary to its confluence with the Isis river, and by that river downwards to a point 
due east from the S.E. corner of M. Gogg's 1223 acres, again on the N. by a line bear- 
ing W. to that corner by the S. boundary of that land, and A. S. Whiteman's 650 
acres, crossing Page's river, to the S. W. corner of that 650 acres, and thence by a line 
bearing about W. crossing the Kingdon ponds to mount Tinagroo aforesaid. The place 
of petty sessions is Scone. 

SCONE and MURRURUNDI (Cos. Durham and Brisbane) is an incorporated 
district, comprising an area of 1,079,485 acres. The council consists of 7 members, 
and its boundaries are the same as the police district of Scone and Murrundi. 

SCOTCHMAN'S ( Co. Wallace) is a peak in the Monaro range, overhanging the 
Snowy river, about 16 miles below Buckley's crossing place. Trap rock and schist. 

SCOTLAND ISLAND (Co. Cumberland) is a small rocky and well wooded 
island, in Pitt Water, and in the parish of Narrabeen. Sandstone. 

SCOTT MOUNT (Co. Wellington). See Bocoble Mount. 

SCOTT'S CREEK (Co. Macquarie) is a small drainage creek, flowing into the 
Manning river. Mr. J. Booth, of Sydney, has 2 saw mills on this creek, lying 
respectively 2 and 6 miles from Jones' island ; one of them is, however, not working. 
Sandstone. 

SCROPE RANGE (Albert district) is a chain of low sandstone hills, in the vast 
plains to the W. of the Darling river, and rising out of a barren, rocky, and sandy 
country. This range lies near the line dividing the colony from South Australia. 

SCRUBBY RANGE STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Wallis, William ; 
area, 48,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Condobolin. Charges, £95. 

SCRUB RUN, BLOCK No. 2 STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, Trust and 
Agency Company of Australia, limited ; area, 57,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 
sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. Charges, £51 4s. 

SCRUB RUN, BLOCK No. 3 STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, Trust and 
Agency Company of Australia, limited ; area, 57, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 
sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. Charges, £70. 

SCRUB RUN, BLOCK No. 4 STATION (Albert district); occupiers, Trust 
and Agency Company of Australia, limited ; area, 57,000 acres ; grazing capability, 
4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. Charges, £60. 

SCRUB RUN, BLOCK No. 5 STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, Trust and 
Agency Company of Australia, limited ; area, 57,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 
sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. Charges, £60. 

SCRUB RUN, BLOCK No. 6 STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, Trust and 
Agency Company of Australia, limited ; area, 57, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 
sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. Charges, £70. 

SCRUB RUN, BLOCK No. 7 STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, Trust and 
Agency Company of Australia, limited ; area and grazing capability uncertain. The 
nearest post town is Perry. Charges, £30. 

SCRUB RUN, BLOCK No. 8 STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, Trust and 
Agency Company of Australia, limited ; area, 57,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 
sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. Charges, £45. 

SCRUB RUN, BLOCK No. 9 STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, Trust and 
Agency Company of Australia, limited ; area, 57,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 
sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. Charges, £45. 

SCRUB RUN, BLOCK No. 10 STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, Trust 
and' Agency Company of Australia, limited; area, 57,000 acres; grazing capability, 
4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. Charges, £60. 

SCRUB STATION (Darling district) ; occupiers, Trust and Agency Company ; 
area, 57,600 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

SCRUB STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Ray, William j area, 57,600 acres; 
grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £10. 



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495 



SCRUMLO MOUNT (Co. Durham) is a peak of the mount Royal range, lying 
near the junction of the Rouchel brook and Davis' creek. Sandstone. 

SEAHAM (Co. Durham) is a postal village, in the parish of Seaham, electoral 
district of lower Hunter, and police district of Raymond terrace. It is situated on 
a peninsula formed by the Williams' and Hunter rivers, near their confluence. The 
district is an agricultural one, being mostly taken up by small farmers, and large 
quantities of maize and lucerne being grown on the alluvial flats. Raymond terrace 
is the nearest township, distant 6 miles S.E. ; Clarence town, 9 miles N.W. ; Hunter, 
7 miles S.W. ; and Dungog, 28 miles IS". W. With these places there is communica- 
tion by mail conveyance each alternate day, and with Sydney, 104 miles S.E., by 
steamer twice a week. There is a good punt over the Williams' river at Seaham. The 
hotel is the Cottage of Content, and the only carrying office is the post office, where 
the mail carriage from Hinton, en route from Clarence town and Dungog, calls regu- 
larly. Seaham has a very neat Episcopalian church, built of stone, also a Protestant 
meeting house, and a National school. The lands on the banks of the Williams' river 
are flat, with numerous swamps inland. At a distance of 3 or 4 miles back from the 
river, the country is mountainous. The geological formation is principally ferrugin- 
ous and carboniferous sandstone. The population numbers about 50 persons. 

SEAL ROCKS, 32° 28' S. lat., 152° 34' E. long. {Co. Gloucester), is the name 
given to a cluster of rocky islets, lying off the coast opposite Sugar Loaf point. 
The most northerly and largest lies S.E. \ S. 1^ mile from White Pile (which is the 
S.E. extreme of Sugar Loaf point) with a detached breaker \ of a mile S.E. of it. 
The smaller and S. bears S. S.E. about 2 miles from the before-mentioned spot, and 
has also a detached breaker \ of a mile to the southward. There is an anchorage on 
the N. side of the point, which will afford fair shelter to coasters from S.W. or 
southerly winds. The best berth is midway between the W. shore of the white- 
washed rock, in 4 fathoms, the rock bearing E.N.E. The Black rocks (or Skeleton's) 
lie about If mile N. of the anchorage. The coast between Yacaaba head and the 
Seal Rock point is low and sandy, with extensive lagoons at the back, which form a 
communication with port Stephens by the Myall river. About 8 miles to the north- 
ward of Seal Rocks point there is a small cove, accessible to small craft, well shel- 
tered from southerly winds, with a good supply of fresh water in the immediate 
vicinity. This cove lies to the westward of Charlotte head, a bold, abrupt headland, 
and might afford shelter to a small vessel in a case of emergency. 

SEA VIEW MOUNT {Co. Hawes) is a lofty mountain, attaining an altitude of 
6000 feet above the level of the sea, and a prominent landmark for vessels sailing up 
the N. coast. It lies near the head of the Hasting's river, and on the road from port 
Macquarie to Armidale, about 50 miles W. of the former place. This mountain is 
remarkably steep, so much so that in the ascent by Oxley, who discovered it on his 
second journey, one of the very strongest of the horses actually burst with the exer- 
tion of toiling up the mountain side, and had to be shot immediately. The foot of 
the mountain is covered with thick brush and luxuriant vegetation, amongst which 
grow the graceful lofty trees of Australian mahogany and Sydney cedar. Sandstone. 

SEBAST0P0L BLOCK (A), No. 1 STATION (Lachlan district) • occupier, 
Brodribb, F. C. ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Booligal. Charges, £32 10s. 

SEBAST0P0L BLOCK (A), No. 4 STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, 
Brodribb, F. C. ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Booligal. Charges, £32 10s. 

SEBAST0P0L. BLOCK (B), No. 2 STATION {Lachlan district) ■ occupier, 
Brodribb, William A.; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The 
nearest post town is Booligal. Charges, £32 10s. 

SEBAST0P0L BLOCK (C), No. 2 STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, 
Brodribb, William A. ; area, 32,000 acres; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. 
The nearest post town is Booligal. Charges, £32 10s. 

SEBAST0P0L STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Mort, Cameron, and 
Buchanan; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Booligal. Charges, £50 5s. 6d. 

SECTION CREEK [Co. Wellington) is a W. tributary of the Macquarie river, 



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The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



[Sel — Sev 



rising in the S.E. slope of mount Vengoon, and flowing E. about 10 miles. Meta- 
morphic. 

SELWYN is a county in the pastoral district of Murrumbidgee. It contains 
2342 acres of alienated land, and 1,101,622 acres unalienated. Its present boun- 
daries, however, are open to modification. The geological formation of this county is 
chiefly granitic, schistose, and quartziferous rocks, with porphyries and some trap, 
which latter have left evidences of transmuting agency of a later period than the 
intrusion of the granites amidst the slates, flags, and limestones of the silurian epoch. 

SENTRY BOX MOUNT (Co. Selwyn) is a lofty peak of the Bogong ranges. 
The geological formation is granite and quartziferous slate, with vast outbreaks and 
overflows of basalt in the plains that occur amidst the ranges. 

SENTRY BOX BEACH ( Cos. Cumberland and Northumberland) is a part of 
the Hawkesbury river, in the parish of Spencer. The land on both sides is alluvial, 
and much of it under cultivation by small settlers. Sandstone. 

SERJEANT'S POINT (Co. St. Vincent). See Monga. 

SERPENT CREEK (Co. Gloucester) is a small stream falling into the estuary 
of the Karuah river, on its N. bank. Sandstone and shale. 

SERPENTINE RIVER STATION (New England district) ■ occupier, Cook, 
S. W. ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £45 3s. 2d. 

SERPENTINE CREEK (Co. Hume, Murrumbidgee district), a S. tributary of 
the Billabong creek, conveying the overflow of a swampy lagoon, called Major's water- 
hole, into that creek. It flows through low, flat, indifferently watered pastoral country. 
Granite and trap rock. 

SEVEN-MILE CREEK (Co. Goulburn) is a tributary of the Murray river, 
watering the mountainous pastoral country to the S. E. of the Jergyle mountains. The 
geological formation is principally schist, with granite at the summits of the hills. 

Also, a small S. tributary of the Billabong creek. Mica schist. 

Also, a name for the head of the Woomargarma creek. 

Also, a small tributary of the head of the Thurgonia creek, flowing amidst good 
agricultural land, most of which is purchased by small holders. Schist, with alluvial- 
deposit. 

SEVEN OAKS (Co. Dudley) is a small agricultural hamlet, in the electoral dis- 
trict of the Hastings. It lies a few miles from Kempsey, on the Macleay river, and 
has a few inhabitants, engaged in farming pursuits, and included in the population of 
that place. There is a vested National school in the hamlet. Sandstone. 

SEVENSTRATH STATION (Clarence district); occupier, Exors. of Ingelow, G. 
K. ; area, 20,480 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £37 10s. 

SEVERN (postal name Dundee), 29° 33' S. lat., 151° 50' E. long. (Co. Gough), 
is a postal village, in the parish of Severn, electoral district of Tenterfield, and police 
district of Wellingrove. It is situated on the Severn river, about 9 miles W. from its 
source, and at its confluence with Hogan's creek. The district is a pastoral and agri- 
cultural one, principally the former, Dundee station (O. Bloxsome's), adjoining the 
village ; Ranger's valley station (O. Bloxsome's) lying 10 miles W.; and Strathbogee 
station (H. Gordon's), 30 miles W. There is a steam flour mill in the village, not, 
however, working at present, and at a distance of a mile is a woolwashing and fell- 
mongering establishment (Chappell's). The nearest places are Glen Innis (the next 
telegraph station), 17 miles S., and Deepwater, 12 miles N. With these places there 
are no regular means of conveyance, the mail being carried on horseback. With 
Sydney, 387 miles S. S. E. , the communication is by horse to Armidale, via Glen Innis, 
thence by Gill's coach to Singleton, thence by rail to Newcastle, and thence by steamer ; 
or, on horseback to Grafton, and thence by steamer. Severn has a post office and 1 
hotel, the Golden Fleece (Loveday's). There is a National school in the village, but 
it is at present closed. There are branches of the United and Australian Mutual Pro- 
vident Insurance companies in the township. The surrounding country is mountain- 
ous, and the soil sandy, over heavy clay, there being occasional deposits of hornblendic 
granite. The population numbers about 60 persons. 

SEVERN RIVER (New England district) is a fine stream, rising in the W. 
slope of the Australian Alps and flowing N.W. about 80 miles into the Macintyre 



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497 



river, near its junction, with which, is a fine waterfall over a precipice of hard sand- 
stone rock. It flows through the counties of Gough and Arrawatta, and the town- 
ships of Severn and Strathbogie, being crossed at the former place by the main road 
and telegraph Hue from Sydney to Brisbane. It is fed by the Beardy waters, Wel- 
lingrove, Cameron, Arrawatta, Spring, Sandy, Frazer's, and Myall creeks, and flows 
through good pastoral country, with plains of fine rich land, and suitable for agricultural 
purposes. The geological formation is granite and sandy and clayey deposit. 

SEYMOUR (or Adaminiby), 38° 5' S. lat., 14S° 18' E. long. (Co. Wallace) is a 
postal township, in the parish of Adaminiby, and electoral district of Monaro. It is 
situated on the slope of a hill, about 3 miles from the Eucumbene river, on the main 
road from Sydney to Kiandra, and at a distance varying from 9 to 15 miles from the 
Snowy and Murrumbidgee range of mountains, which describe an arc from Seymour, 
running from X. E. by E. to S. W. by W. There are no mills or manufactories in Seymour, 
the district being partly agricultural and pastoral, and partly mining. The diggings, 
which have been worked up to the present time, have been solely alluvial, and have 
been on the Eucumbene river and Happy J ack's plain, the distance from the town- 
ship being 3 and 9 miles respectively. Auriferous quartz is, however, known to exist, 
but has not as yet been either worked or properly tested. The nearest places to Sey- 
mour are East Denison, 84 miles ; West Denison, 11 miles; and Kiandra, 20 miles 
N.N.W. The communication to those places is by horse or private conveyance only, 
the mail being carried on horseback. With Sydney, 329 miles N., the best 
means of communication are by horse to Merimbula, and thence by steamer. Sey- 
mour has a post and money order office, and a police barracks. The nearest court of 
petty sessions and telegraph office is at Kiandra, a distance of 20 miles, of which 
about 8 miles are for a fourth of the year covered with snow of an average depth of 
about 3 feet, with drifts of from 7 to 20 feet in depth ; communication between the 
two places being thus practically put a stop to. There are 2 hotels in Seymour, the 
Seymour and the Rose inn. There is a branch of the Sydney Insurance company in 
the township. The township is situated at an elevation of about 3000 feet above the 
mean level of the sea. The surrounding country consists of gently undulating plains, 
well adapted for agricultural operations, which are steadily increasing, and of tim- 
bered hills in some cases of considerable elevation. The district is generally aurifer- 
ous, and copper has been found at a place called Lob's hole, 25 miles distant. The 
population of Seymour numbers about 67 persons, but is rapidly increasing. The 
geological formation is principally granitic, with slate intersected with quartz veins 
and trap. Good brick clay has been found in the vicinity. 

SHAKING BOG (Co. Buccleugh) is a tract of swampy country, lying amidst 
the precipitous mountains near the head of the Adjunbilli creek. Metamorphic slate 
and granite, with alluvial and fluviatile deposit. 

SHAKING BOG STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Lowther, R., 
and Griffiths, A. ; area, 8400 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £10. 

SHANNON MOUNT {Albert district) is a peak of the Grey range, which see. 

SHANNON VALE (Co. Gougli) is a tract of fine pastoral country, lying at the 
junction of the Skeleton creek and the Mitchell river, about 12 miles W. of Glen Innes, 
but over the ranges. Sandstone. 

SHANNON VALE STATION {New England district) • occupier, Rusden, T. 
G. ; area, 60,000 acres ; grazing capability, 10,000 sheep. The old charges were 
£123 15s. ; the recently appraised rental is £137 10s. 

SHARK CREEK (Co. Clarence) is a smaU S. tributary of the S. arm of the 
Clarence river, falling into it to the S.W. of Maclean. Sandstone. 

SHARK ISLAND ( native name Baambilly) ( Co. Cumberland) is a small rocky 
islet, lying in port Jackson, opposite Rose bay, and between Shark point on the N.E., 
and Point piper on the S.W. It lies about 2 miles in a straight line S.W. of the 
inner S. head. It is a favorite landing place for picnic and boating parties. It is 
about a quarter of a mile long from N. to S. , and about 8 chains wide from E. to W. , 
being covered with course grass, dwarf timber, and scrub. Sandstone. 

SHARK POINT ( Co. Cumberland) is a rocky promontory on the S. side of port 
Jackson, about 14 mile S.W. in a straight line from the inner S. head. It forms the 
E. head of Rose bay. The estate of Graycliffe lies on this point. 



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Also, a bold rocky promontory on the coast, about 5| miles S. of the entrance to 
port Jackson. Sandstone. 

SHEA'S CEEEK (Co. Cumberland) is a small watercourse, flowing from the 
"Waterloo swamp into the head of the N. arm of Botany bay. Sandstone and swamp 
deposit. 

SHEEHAN'S HILL (Co. Buccleugh) is a peak in the broken country, lying on 
the S. bank of the Murrumbidgee river, and to the E. of Gundagai, near the head of 
the Yellow Clay creek. 

SHEEP STATION CEEEK (Co. Auckland) is a small tributary of the Sandy 
creek ; it is crossed by the road from Bega to Cooma, about 30 miles W. of the former 
place. Trap rock. 

SHEEP STATION CEEEK (Co. Gough) is a smaU W. tributary of the Yarrow 
river. Sandstone. 

SHEEP STATION CEEEK (Co. Roxburgh) is a smaU auriferous S. tributary 
of the Turon river, flowing into it at the township of Sofala. The geological formation 
is sandstone, limestone, and slate, with occasional outcropping quartz ridges. 

SHEEP STATION CEEEK STATION (Lachlun district) ; occupier, Loomes, 
John ; area, 2350 acres ; grazing capability, 150 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£17 0s. 8d. ; the recently appraised rental is £20. 

SHEEP STATION GULLY CEEEK (Co. BucHand) is a smaU tributary of 
the Kangaroo station creek. Palaeozoic. 

SHEET OF BARK CEEEK (Co. Bathurst) is a small creek, draining some 
good agricultural ground, cut up into small farms. It flows into the Binni creek, 
Sandstone with alluvial deposit. 

SHELL COVE (Co. Cumberland) is a narrow indentation on the N. shore of 
port Jackson, lying opposite Woolloomooloo bay. 

Also a wide bight in the W, side of Middle harbour, lying to the S. of the Sand- 
spit. 

SHELLH ARBOUR {Co. Camden) is a small postal township and municipality, 
in the electoral and police districts of Kiama. It lies on the coast, about 4 miles N.E. 
of Jamberoo, and the same distance N. of Kiama, the communication being by car to 
both places. With Sydney, 81 miles N., the communication is by steamer or sailing 
vessel. The district is a dairy farming one, and the population is small and scattered. 
Sandstone. Shellharbour municipality was proclaimed 4th June, 1859. The esti- 
mated annual value of rateable property within, it is £12,000, from which (including 
government aid), it derived, in the year 1864, an income of £1165 16s.. 7d. Its ex- 
penditure during that year was £978 9s. lid. The extent of its roads and streets is 
56 miles, and the number of registered electors 279. 

SHEPHERD'S (Co. Wellington) is a tributary of the Curragurra creek, joining 
it near the crossing of the Bathurst and Wellington road. It flows in the S. of the 
Stony creek gold field. Metamorphic slate and quartz. 

SHERWIN RANGE (Co. Wellesley) is a ridge of hills in the bold undulating 
pastoral country to the S.W. of Nimmitibel. The highest peak of this range is One 
Tree hill. Metamorphic slate and shale. 

SHERWOOD STATION (Clarence district) ; occupier, Lee, Benjamin, jun. ; 
area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £27 10s. 

SHERWOOD STATION (Macleay district); occupiers, Briggs, C. W. and F. B. ; 
area, 4480 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. Charges, £10. 

SHINGLE SPLITTER'S POINT (Co. Northumberland). See Lake Mac- 

QTJABIE. 

SHINGLEH0USE CEEEK (Co. Murray) is an E. tributary of the Yass river, 
rising in the rough pastoral country which lies to the W. of lake George. It flows 
N.W. about 15 miles, falling into the main stream about 4 miles S. of Gundaroo, and 
being fed by Brooke's creek. Trap rock and granite. 

SHOAL BAY, 29° 26' S. lat., 153° 22' E. long. (Co. Clarence), is the estuary of 



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the Clarence river. From Sandon opening the coast takes al, \ E. direction for 
about 17 miles to Shoal bay, and continues low, forming sandy bays and rocky points. 
The entrance of Shoal bay is in latitude 29° 26' S. The coast from Shoal bay trends 
about 1ST. 4 E. 50 miles to cape Byron, and is mostly low and sandy ; a few miles in- 
land, the country rises to hills of moderate elevation, which are scantily covered with 
wood in the S. part, but towards cape Byron they have a more fertile appearance. 
Between the Clarence river and Evans' head, which is alow point of land, 18 miles if. 
by E. of the former place, the coast is low and sandy, forming a bight to the S. of 
Evans' head, in which there are several patches of foul ground 2 or 3 miles off the 
shore, upon which the sea breaks when there is any swell on. A dangerous reef, 
which always shows (the rocks being, apparently, nearly awash), lies about S.E. by S. 
\ S. magnetic from Evans' Head, distance 2| miles. There is a passage between this 
reef and Evans' head, through which steamers and coasting vessels pass in going N. , 
when endeavouring to avoid the strong S. currents, but it is not advisable for strangers, 
or vessels of large draught of water, to approach nearer than a league of this part of 
the coast. The "Admiralty Directory" mentions another reef 2^ miles still farther 
S. , and about 2 miles from the land. Until this part of the coast has been properly 
examined, it will be only prudent for all vessels to keep outside these dangers. Close 
to the N. of Evans' point is Evans' river, which is probably nothing more than a small 
rivulet or saltwater creek. 

SHOALHAVEN {Co. St. Vincent). See Numba. 

Shoalhaven electoral district embraces the S. E. portion of the county of Camden, 
and the N. portion of the county of St. Vincent ; and is bounded on the N. by the 
Crooked river, and a line due W., from the head of that river to Kangaroo river, by 
the Kangaroo river to the Shoalhaven river, and by that river, upwards ; on the W. 
by the Shoalhaven river to the confluence of the Endrick river ; on the S. by the 
range forming the N. watershed of that river, the range dividing the Shoalhaven and 
coast waters, the Pigeon house range and the range dividing the Clyde river and coast 
waters, S. , to the Duras water, and by the Duras water to the sea, about 2 miles S. 
of point Upright ; and on the E. by the sea to the Crooked river, aforesaid. This 
electorate returns 1 member to the Legislative Assembly, the present representative 
being T. Garrett, Esq. The number of registered electors in this district is 1312, of 
whom 923 voted at the last general election, 1864-1865. 

Shoalhaven is a police district, embracing a S.E. portion of the county 
of Camden, and a northern portion of the county of St. Vincent, and bounded 
on the N. by the Crooked river from the sea, and by a line due W. from the 
head of that river to the Kangaroo river ; on the W. by the Kangaroo river to 
the Shoalhaven river, and by that river, up-wards, to the confluence of Nerri- 
munga creek ; thence on the S. E. by a line, W. E. , to the range at the head of Borim- 
badal creek, thence by the range dividing the waters going to the Shoalhaven river 
from those of Ettrema creek, by that range, N.E., to the confluence of that creek 
with the Shoalhaven river ; thence on the W. and S. by the range dividing the waters 
falling to Ettrema and Yalwal creeks from those falling to the Shoalhaven river, S.E., 
to the head of Yerrirong creek, thence by the range forming the S. watershed, 
of Parma creek and Currambene or Jervis creek, and a spur from that range, E., to 
the sea at cape George, and on the E. by the sea, N., to the point of commencement. 
The places of petty sessions are Numba and Nowra. Shoalhaven municipality was 
proclaimed 21st September, 1859. 

SHOALHAVEN RIVER {Cos. Dampler, Arcjyle, Camden, and St. Vincent) is 
the largest and most important river on the coast side of the dividing range to the S. of 
Sydney. It takes its rise in a swamp, called Coromboro, at an elevation of 2800 feet 
above sea level, under the main range, and in the county of Dampier, and flows N. 
through the townships of Ballababa, Larbert, Nowra, .Numba, and Terara, into the 
sea by a fine wide estuary at Greenwell point. Its upper part is highly auriferous, 
and many small diggings (called by the general title of the Shoalhaven diggings) are 
situated upon its banks. This river is celebrated for the wild and magnificent scenery 
through which it passes, part of its course being through terrific glens from 500 to 
1500 feet in height, and having in many places perpendicular or overhanging walls to 
the very summits. These glens are celebrated as the Shoalhaven gullies, and are 
much frequented by tourists. The Shoalhaven river is about 260 miles in length ; it 
drains an area of 3300 square miles, and is fed by numerous tributaries, the principal 



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of which are the Kangaroo, Endrick, Corang, and Mongarlow rivers ; and the 
Broughton's, Bumberra, Nowra, Bungalee, Yerriong, Yalwall, Borinibadal, Barber's, 
Jerrara, Bungonia, Nerriraungo, Bindi, Ningee Nambla, Durran Durra, Gillimatong, 
Modbury, Jembaicumbene, Oranmeir, Wiabene, Jerrabalgulla, and Yiarranbene 
creeks, many of which are auriferous. The lower part of the Shoalhaven is navi- 
gable for small vessels, and a river steamer plies from the mouth to about 12 miles 
inland. A sandbank and a small sandy island (Pig island) he at the mouth and im- 
pede the navigation. The lower part of the river flows through rich, low-lying agri- 
cultural land, subject to inundation by the floods which occasionally occur. In the 
year 1848 the river overflowed its banks, and devastated the entire country for many 
miles round, ruining many of the small farmers in the district. This part of the 
river is crossed by a punt on the road from Wollongong to Braidwood. The geological 
formation is of grey granite, passing into syenite and porphyry, full of hornblende, 
and sometimes nodular at the upper ; and granite, schist, and sandstone at the lower 
end. The valley of the head of the river is of granitic rocks, composed of felspar, 
quartz, and hornblende with mica, and occasionally talc and steatite, the quartz and 
hornblende occasionally occupying, to the almost total exclusion of felspar or mica, 
the principal features. Sometimes this granite is so coarse in its constituent particles 
as to look like a grit or conglomerate, until broken, the quartz standing out in relief ; 
and the ground about it seems as if it were covered by the quartz pebbles of con- 
glomerate. The presence of hornblende is also very remarkable, crystals of consider- 
able size marking its occurrence. 

SIDMOUTH VALLEY CB-EEK ( Co. Westmoreland) is a small S. tributary of 
the Fish river, rising in the rich pastoral country to the S. of Mutton's falls, and 
flowing N. into the main stream between Mutton's falls on the E., and Kenlis on the 
W. The soil in the valley through which this stream flows is exceedingly fertile. 
Near the opening of the valley, upon the vale of the Fish river, specks of gold were 
seen by assistant surveyor McBrien on the loth February, 1823, as appears by an 
entry in his field book. This is supposed to be the first record of the finding of gold 
in the colony (see Fish river). The geological formation is sandstone and limestone, 
with slaty drift. 

SILISTRIA STATION {Albert district); occupier, Carfrae, John ; area, 128,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

SIMPSON'S MOUNT {Co. Northumberland) is a high peak in the parish of 
Lockyer, and on the W. site of the road from Maitland to Sydney, via Wollombi, of 
which place it lies about 9 miles S. The mountains in the neighbourhood are usually 
known as Dowling's range. Sandstone. 

SIMPSON'S PASS {Co. Northumberland) is a gap in the Dowling range, near 
mount Lockyer, on the great North road from Sydney to Maitland. It is situated 
about 16 miles S. of Wollombi, and 72 miles N. of Sydney. Sandstone. 

SINGAP0EE STATION (Ghvydir district) ; occupier, Richardson, Alexander 
H. ; area, 30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£50 ; the recently appraised rental is £00. 

SINGORAMBAH BLOCK (A) STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, 
Tyson, James ; area, 32, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Hay. Charges, £24 4s. 

SINGORAMBAH (or Tonganmain) BLOCK (B) STATION {Mupymbidgee 
district) ; occupier, McLeay, George ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 
sheep. The nearest post town is Hay. Charges, £24 4s. 

SINGrORAMBAH (or Tonganmain) BLOCK (C) STATION {Murrumbidgee 
district); occupier, McLeay, George; area, 32,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 
sheep. The nearest post town is Hay. Charges, £24 4s. 

SINGORAMBAH (or Tonganmain) BLOCK (D) STATION {Murrumbidgee 
district) ; occupier, McLeay, George ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 
sheep. The nearest post town is Hay. Charges, £24 4s. 

SINGORAMBAH (or : Tonganmain) STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; 
occupiers, McLeay, George ; area, 212,000 acres ; grazing capability, 24,000 sheep. 
The nearest post town is Hay. ^Charges, £240. 



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SINGLETON, 32° 35' S. lat., 151° 12' E. long. (Co. Northumberland), is a postal 
town, in the parish of Singleton, and electoral and police district of Patrick's plains. 
It is situated on the Hunter river, which bounds it on the N. and N.W., in a rich 
agricultural and pastoral district. There are no manufactories in Singleton, but there 
are 2 flour mills (Kingston's and Larkins'), both in work. The nearest places are 
Muswellbrook, 28 miles N. ; West Maitland, 30 miles S. ; New Freugh, 7 miles S. ; 
Belford, 10 miles S.E. ; Darlington, 1 mile N.W.; and Rix's creek, 4 miles N.W. 
With West Maitland the communication is by rail, and with Musclebrook, Darlington, 
and Pax's creek by mail coach ; to the other places there is no conveyance, except by 
private or hired carriages, or on horseback. With Sydney, 123 miles S.E., the com- 
munication is by rail to Newcastle, and thence by daily steamer. Singleton, a few 
years ago, a small and comparatively unimportant roadside town, has, by being made 
the terminus (at present) of the Great Northern railway,, rapidly sprung into a place 
of considerable consequence, as being the depot for all goods sent into the Northern 
districts. It has a fine hospital, equal, in its suitability to the requirements of the 
district, to any in the colony, and a flourishing mechanics' institute. There is a good 
commodious railway station, a post and money order office, a telegraph station, and a 
court house, where the district, petty sessions, and quarter sessions are held. Single- 
ton has a Masonic and an Odd Fellows' lodge (the former lodge St. John No. 1038 E.C., 
and the latter lodge of Fidelity). There are several churches of various denominations, 
and schools, both public and private. There is a local newspaper published in the 
township, the Singleton Times. There are branches of the Australian Joint Stock and 
the Savings' banks, and of the Imperial, Victoria, Colonial, United, Sydney, Northern, 
and Australian Mutual Provident Insurance companies. The hotels are the Fitzroy, 
Caledonian, Royal, Northumberland, Railway View, Railway, Forbes, Golden Fleece, 
Free Masons', and several public houses. There are 2 coach offices in the town, from 
which the lines of Northern coaches (Gill's and Winch's — the former carrying the mails) 
start with passengers and parcels. The surrounding country is nearly a perfect flat, 
and is known as Patrick's plains, the name being indicative of the nature of the locality. 
Much of this flat is under cultivation, consisting of rich alluvial soil, and being taken 
up by small farmers, who grow wheat, maize, oats, barley, potatoes, and garden pro- 
duce. It is, however, liable to be flooded by the overflow of the Hunter, which, near 
Singleton, pursues a very tortuous course. The geological formation is principally 
ferruginous and carboniferous sandstone. Mr. Keene, the government inspector of 
coal fields, has found iron ore at M 'Dougall's hill, at a short distance from the town, 
and close to the Great North railway line. Mr. Keene states that he has reason to 
believe that limestone abounds in the locality. The importance of this discovery 
cannot be over estimated, as an iron mine successfully worked in this neighbourhood, 
must of course add greatly to the prosperity of the town and district. The spot 
where the iron ore was found is in a most eligible situation for carrying on 
mining operations, the place being only about 1 mile from the coal mine at Rix's creek, 
and, by reason of its proximity to the railway, the produce of the mine could be easily 
sent to market. The iron ore was found by Mr. Keene on Crown lands, and it would, 
therefore, be the direct interest of the government to cause scientific investigation to 
be made respecting the richness of the ore, together with a survey of the land, &c. 
Mr. Keene is of opinion that the ore will yield 40 per cent, of metal. The population 
of the town and suburbs, which is at least double what it was 10 years ago, numbers 
about 2000 persons ; that of the entire district numbers, probably, about 10,000. 

SIRIUS COVE {Co. Cumberland). See Mossman's Bay. There is also a 
second bay, called Little Sirius cove, adjoining. 

SISTERS BAY {Co. Cumberland) is a small bight on the W. shore of Long 
cove. Sandstone. 

SKELETON CREEK {Co. Gough) is a small N. tributary of the Mitchell river, 
falling into it at Shannon vale. Sandstone. 

SKYE POINT (Co. Northumberland). See Lake Macqttarie. 

SLAPDASH CREEK {Co. Bligh) is a N. tributary of the Wialdra creek, fed 
by the Pier, Talawing, and Stubbo creeks. The road from Cooyal to Mendooran runs 
alongside the creek to its head. Metamorphic. 

SLATHERUM SWAMP {Co. Sandon) is a swampy piece of land, in the parish 
of Arcling, lying to the W. of the great Northern road, about halfway between Uralla 



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and Armidale. It is reserved for water purposes, and is surrounded by the land of 
H. A. Thomas. Alluvial and swamp deposit. 

SLAUGHTER HOUSE CREEK {Co. Wellesley) is a small N. tributary of the 
Bombala river, flowing into it near its confluence with the Snowy river. Trap rock. 

SLAUGHTER HOUSE PLAIN STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupier, Eaton, 
John ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 980 head of cattle. Charges, £33. 

SLIEVE-NA-M0N STATION {Clarence district) ; occupiers, Shannon and 
Ryan ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

SLIPPERY CREEK {Co. Westmoreland) is a small W. tributary of the Fish 
creek, rising in the pastoral country to the S. of Mutton's falls, and flowing E. about 
8 miles. Silurian, with recent drift. 

SMALL PLAINS {Co. Clyde) is the name given to a tract of flat open pastoral 
saltbush country, lying to the N. of the Bar won river. It is crossed by Kennedy's 
return route, 1847, and is watered by several swamps, which expand into lagoons in 
the wet season. Pliocene tertiary. 

SMART'S CREEK {Co. Wellington) is a small mining village (quartz and 
alluvial), in the mining district of Adelong, situate about 8 miles distant from that 
township. Metamorphic slate and quartz. 

SMASHEM'S CREEK {Co. Hardinge, New Enyland district) is a small E. 
tributary of the G-wydir river, flowing through the rugged auriferous country of the 
upper end of that river. It rises near the village of Alington, and is fed by Laura 
creek. The geological formation is hornblendic granite, similar to that found on the 
Ovens gold field (Victoria). 

SMITHFIELD {Co. Cumberland) is a postal village in the parish of St. Luke, 
electoral district of central Cumberland, and police district of Liverpool. It is 
situated on the Prospect creek, by which it is nearly surrounded, and lies 2 miles from 
Prospect hill, and in an agricultural and fruit -gro wing district, the land, which is 
mostly fertile and well tilled, being taken up by small farmers. There are 2 tan- 
neries in full work in the village, and a large steam saw mill at Cabramatta, 2 miles 
distant. Parramatta, the nearest telegraph station, lies 5 miles N.E. ; and Liver- 
pool, 8 miles S.E. ; the communication with both places being by rail from the Fair- 
field station, which lies within a short distance of the village. With Sydney, 20 
miles E., the communication is also by rail. Smithfield has a post office, 2 
stores, a church of England, and Baptist chapel, and a National school. There 
are also 2 hotels, the Lucky Bushman and the Smithfield Inn. The roads are 
under the control of a road trust. The surrounding country is generally undu- 
lating and well timbered, except where cleared. The population numbers about 500 
persons in the district. 

SMITH'S CREEK {Co. Hardinge, New England district), is a small auriferous 
S. tributary of the Gwydir river, falling into it near Nundle village. Granite and 
slate. 

SMITH'S CREEK {Co. Parry, Liverpool plains district), is a small creek at 
the head of the Muluerindie river, rising near the Basaltic column, at the junction 
of the Australian Alps and the Moonbi range, and flowing N.W. about 12 miles 
through rugged pastoral country. Lower palaeozoic. 

SMITH'S CREEK {Co. Wellington) is a tributary of the Black Willow creek, 
rising in the scrubby country W. of the Louisa creek gold field, and supposed to be 
auriferous. Metamorphic slate. 

SMITH'S FALLS {Co. Clarence). See Rocky Falls. 

SMITH'S FLAT {Co. Clarence). See Copmanhtjrst. 

SMITH'S RIVULET {Co. Brisbane). See Merriwa Creek. 

SMOKY CAPE, 30° 56' S. lat., 153° 4' E. long. {Co. Dudley), is a prominent 
rocky headland, lying to the S. of Trial bay, or the entrance of the Macleay river. 
It received its name from Captain Cook, who called it Smoky cape, on account of 
seeing a dense volume of smoke rising from it as he passed it. Probably a bush fire. 
The coast from port Macquarie to this cape is generally low and sandy, broken at 



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intervals by rocky points, which, when first seen from seaward, appear like islands ; 
beyond this low belt the land quickly rises to hills of a moderate height thickly 
wooded. Smoky cape has 3 hummocks on as many projecting parts, and a narrow 
tongue of land recedes about 8 miles from the cape in a N. N. W, direction ; the cen- 
tral hummock, N. 4 E. 31 miles from port Macquarie, is visible 36 miles. But a 
direct course between port Macquarie and Smoky cape cannot be steered, as points of 
land project considerably between them. The course from Tacking point to the rocks 
of Smoky cape is N. \ E., distance 35 miles. There are some rocks close to Smoky 
cape; and a small patch, with a rock above water, lies about 2^ miles to the southward 
of it. Sandstone. 

SNAIL'S BAY (Co. Cumberland) is a small bight on the S. side of port Jack- 
son, and in the suburb of Balmain. Sandstone. 

SNAKE VALLEY ( Co. Beresford) is an undulating and grassy valley, bounded 
on the N. by steep broken ranges, on the E. by rocky forest land, on the S. by open 
forest, and on the E. by Slack's creek and the Murrumbidgee river. It is admirably 
adapted for pastoral purposes, and lies to the S.W. of the township of Bunyan. 
Trap rock. 

SNAPPER ISLAND (Co. Cumberland) is a small sandstone rocky island, lying 
in the Parramatta river, at the mouth of Long cove, and about half a mile S.S.W. of 
Cockatoo island. Sandstone. 

SNODGrRASS BAY (Co. Gloucester) is a small pleasant bay, on the Myall 
lakes, formerly in the possession of the late Colonel Snodgrass, C.B., who was for 
many years commander of the forces in these colonies, and for a long time Governor- 
in-Chief of Van Diemen's Land and New South Wales. This bay is not in any way 
affected by the tides of the ocean, being so far above the harbour, nor is the water 
salt. It is, however, unfit for making tea, although cattle drink it readily enough. 
If fresh spring water were more plentiful, the numerous inlets on these splendid 
lakes would make admirable homesteads and villages for agricultural farmers. Sand- 
stone. 

SNODGrRASS VALLEY (or Twelve Mile Hollow) ( Co. Northumberland) is 
a valley on the Great North road from Sydney to Maitland, lying about 25 miles S. 
of Wollombi, and 12 miles N. of Wiseman's ferry. Sandstone. 

SNOW HILL (Co. Wynyard) is a peak in the rugged range of scrubby moun- 
tains, lying to the N. of the town of Adelong, and forming the S. E. corner boundary 
point of the parish of Willie Plorna. Metamorphic slate and granite. 

SNOW VALE STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Ryrie, D. ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 10s. 

SNOWY CKEEK (Co. Selwyn) is a small creek rising in the N. of mount 
Kosciusko, and flowing S.W. between two W. spurs of that mountain, into the upper 
Murray, near Grogan's hill, after a course of about 16 miles through rugged and 
scrubby country. The valley along which it flows is often flooded in warm weather, 
from the melting of the snow on the steep ranges where it rises. The geological for- 
mation of its course is metamorphic, consisting of mica, chlorite, and talc. 

SNOWY MOUNTAINS (Cos. Wallace and Selwyn). See Bald Mountains. 

SNOWY PLAINS (Co. Wallace) is an extensive tract of undulating and broken 
forest country, lying between the Muniong or Snowy ranges on the W., and the Eucum- 
bene river on the E. These plains are intersected by high wooded ranges and swampy 
flats, there being much good grazing country, which is, however, generally covered 
with snow during winter. Trap rock and granite. 

SNOWY (or Margarong) RIVER (Cos. Wallace and Wellesley ) is a large river, 
which has its rise in the peak of the Muniong range called the Ram's head. It flows 
in a N.E. direction about 20 miles, when it turns off to the S.E. for about 150 miles. 
It then makes a bend to the N.W., and, turning almost due S., crosses the boundary 
line into Victoria, about 14 miles E. of Forest hill. This river flows through rugged 
and precipitous mountain scenery nearly the whole of its course ; there is no cultiva- 
tion carried on upon its banks, but in two or three places small gold workings have 
been established. Its course in New South Wales is about 240 miles in length, and it 
is fed by numerous streams, the principal of which are the Gungarlin, Barrangbugge, 



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[S:sro — Sol 



Crackemback, Eucumbene, Wollonaby, Mowaraba, Beloka, Wullwye, Bobundara, 
McLaughlin, Bombala, Matong, Murrumboola, Tongara or Jacob's, and Pinch rivers, 
or creeks, which, with their tributaries, represent a total river flow of over 3000 miles 
in length. This river and its tributaries are very liable to floods, caused by the melt- 
ing of snow in the ranges by which it is encompassed. It is well adapted for the 
propagation of European fish ; and the geological formation of the country through 
which it flows is granite and plutonic rocks, with bands of indurated black slate, and 
hydrosilicates in veins, and blue limestone rock. 

SNOWY RIVER STATION (Monaro district); occupier, Eccleston, Henry 
John ; area, 10,240 acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. Charges, £52 10s. 

SOFALA, 33° 8' S. lat., 149° 47' E. long. {Co . Roxburgh), is a postal mining town- 
ship in the parish of Sofala, electoral district of East Macquarie, and police district of 
Bathurst. It is situated on the Turon river, and in the neighbourhood of the Palmer's 
Oakey, Big Oakey, Little Oakey, Spring, Bell's, and Crudine creeps, all of which are 
more or less auriferous. There is one tannery in Sofala, and 6 quartz-crushing 
machines in the neighbourhood. The district in which Sofala is situated is essentially 
a mining one, both alluvial and quartz workings being extensively carried on. The 
nearest diggings are Wattle flat, extending from 3 to 7 miles distant ; Erskine flat, 1 
mile ; Pennyweight flat, 3 miles ; Arthur's station, 7 miles ; Palmer's Oakey, 16 
miles ; Spring creek, 1 mile ; Paterson's point, 2 miles ; Little Wallaby, 3 miles ; 
Circus point, 4 miles ; Gard's, 7 miles, and Little Turon, 15 miles. The nearest 
places are Bathurst, 30 miles, and Peel, 21 miles distant, with both of which places 
there is daily communication by Cobb's 4-horse American coach. With Sydney, 149 
miles S. E. , the communication is by Cobb's coach to Penrith, and thence by rail. 
Sofala has a post and money order office, a telegraph office, a good hospital, a court of 
petty sessions, district court, police camp, gold commissioner's camp, 3 churches, 
Anglican, Roman Catholic, and Wesleyan — with a cemetery to each — and two Denom- 
inational and two private schools. There are two hotels, the Sofala inn, and the 
Barley Mow, and a number of public houses, and several extensive stores. There is 
a booking office at the Barley Mow, whence coaches run to Penrith, via Bathurst, 
Orange, Lambing flat, and Forbes. There are branches of the Savings bank, and of 
the Australian Mutual Provident society in the township. The surrounding country 
is generally mountainous, the geological formation being slate, with granite and lime- 
stone. The population of the township numbers about 1000 persons, and of the 
diggings, of which it is the chief centre, about 3000 more. The quantity of gold re- 
ceived by escort from the Sofala gold fields during the year 1864, was 26,268 ozs., 
which, at £3 16s. lid. per oz., was of the total value of £101,016 3s. 5d. During the 
year 1864, were issued 2088 miners' rights, 61 business licenses, and 19 leases, under 
which latter 2700 yards of river bed, and 600 yards of quartz vein, and 10 acres of 
alluvial land were let. 

SOLANDER CAPE {Co. Cumberland) is the S. head of the entrance to Botany 
bay. Sandstone. 

SOLITARY CREEK ( Co. Lincoln) is a S. tributary of the Erskine river, 
crossing the road from Dubbo to Mendooran. Sandstone and metamorphic slate. 

SOLITARY CREEK {Cos. Roxburgh and Westmoreland) is a N tributary of 
the Fish river, dividing the S. E. part of the county Roxburgh from the county of West- 
moreland. It has its rise in the Honeysuckle hill, in the parish of Falnash, and flows S. 
and S. W. into the main stream at Mutton's falls. The township of Rydal is situated on 
this creek, which flows through good available land, much of which is taken up, the 
principal holders being Messrs. Cartwright, Bingle, Brooks, Ramsay, and Lane. The 
Solitary creek is fed by the Antonio, Deadman's, and Diamond Swamp creeks. The 
geological formation is silurian, with rich deep alluvial deposit. 

SOLITARY ISLES {Co. Fitzroy) are islets lying off the coast, about 60 miles 
S. of Shoal bay ; they are small and rocky, and the two largest and farthest away 
from the land are from 60 to 80 feet high ; each of these is about 7 miles from the 
shore, and the southernmost is in lat. 30° 13' S., long. 153° 17' E. Green rock, a 
small rocky islet, lies S.W. by W. 5^ miles ; small islet, and another W. by N., 1 
mile from the Great South Solitary isle ; and a covered reef, apparently of consider- 
able extent, is said to exist S.S.W., 3 miles from the islet ; there is a passage between 
this supposed reef and the two small islets just mentioned. At about N. by E., 17 



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505 



miles from the Great South Solitary isle, is North Solitary isle, having two detached 
rocks close to the N. end, and a reef extending from a quarter to half a mile to the 
S.W. of it ; a rock, upon which the sea. breaks, with from 5 to 6 feet of water on it, 
is reported to lie S.W. 4 miles from the island, nearly in mid-channel ; middle Rock 
islet lies in the same direction, distant about 1\ miles ; there appears to be a channel 
between the two latter dangers ; a rock is also reported as lying to the N. E. , about 
2 miles off the Middle Solitary. The Solitary isles may be boldly approached from 
the sea, but the passage between them and the main land being studded with small 
rocky islets and reefs, the extent and positions of which being imperfectly known, it is 
not recommended, except to coasting vessels during daylight desirous to avoid an ad- 
verse current when beating along shore. Abreast of North Solitary isle the main land 
projects to a rocky point, with a ledge of rocks running out from it ; there are also 
several rocks above water, lying about 3 miles to the southward of the point, and 2 
miles from the shore. Here the coast is lower than that immediately to the south- 
ward, and trends N. by E., 13 miles to a low point, close round to the northward of 
which is the Laudon opening^ with an islet in the entrance ; the opening may be 
available for boats. Sandstone. 

SQMERTON (Co. Inglis) is a small roadside hamlet, on the Peel river, lying 12 
miles N.E. of Carroll, and 21 miles N.W. of Tamworth. There is an inn, the 
Somerton (Swaine's), in the hamlet. The surrounding country is flat and lightly 
timbered. 

SOMEEVILLE STATION ( Clarence district) ; occupier, Small, John Frederick ; 
area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

SOPHIA CKEEK [Co. Brisbane) is the E. head of the Guangua creek. Sand- 
stone and slate. 

SOUTH COAST RANGE (Cos. Auckland, Beresford, and WeVesley) is a chain 
of hills running suddenly from the angle of the Monero range towards the boundary 
line of the colony, near which it suddenly turns in a N.W. direction towards the 
Muniong range, with the spurs of which it appears to interlace. The highest peak in 
the New South Wales portion of this range is Coolungubbera, the summit of which is 
3712 feet above the level of the sea. 

SOUTH C0LAH (postal name Hornsby) ( Co. Cumberland) is a small scattered 
postal village in the parish of South Colah, electoral district of central Cumberland, 
and police district of Parramatta. It is situated on the Pennant Hills road, 13 miles 
W. of Sydney via St. Leonard's, and 6 miles N.W. of Lane Cove river, in an agricul- 
tural district, the principal industry in which is the cultivation of fruit, the orchards 
being large and productive. The nearest places are Lane Cove village, 4 miles E.S.E., 
and Parramatta, 10 miles S. W., and the means of communication by horse or dray only, 
as also with Sydney, 13 miles E. The nearest hotels are those in Lane cove, where 
there are 3. South Colah is under the control of a road board. The surrounding 
country is elevated, with hills and deep gullies between. The geological formation is 
ferruginous sandstone, with a deep brown alluvial deposit, forming fine soil for the 
cultivation of fruit, vegetables, &c. The population, which is scattered, numbers 
about 200 persons. 

SOUTH (or Wianamatta) CREEK (Co. Cumberland) is a fine stream, rising 
near Narellan, and flowing N.W. about 45 miles, into the Hawkesbury river, near 
Windsor. It waters fine agricultural country, mostly taken up by small settlers, and 
is fed by the Eastern, Cosgrove, Rope, Badger, and Kenny's creeks. The South 
creek flows past the villages of Cabramatta and St. Mary's and the township of 
Windsor. Sandstone and shales, the latter being a kind of false coal shale, called by 
the Rev. W. B. Clarke the Wianamatta shale. 

SOUTH ERUGALLA STATION (Gwydir district) ■ occupiers, Dunn, Andrew ; 
area, 22,400 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 10s. 

SOUTHERN GOLD FIELDS electorate comprises the mining districts of 
Adelong, Timberumba, Gundagai, Kiandra, Ellington, Young, Mongarlow, Nerrigun- 
dah, and Araluen, and returns 1 member to the Legislative Assembly, the present 
representative being J. Rodd, Esq. The estimated number of electors in this district 
is 2000, of whom 561 voted at the last general election, 1864-65. 

SOUTH GATE STATION ( Clarence district) ■ occupiers, Lotze and Larnach ; 
area, 10,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £35 2s. 6d. 



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[Sou 



SOUTH GUNDAGAI {Co. Wynyard). See Gundagai South. 

SOUTH HEAD, INNER, 33° 50' S. lat., 151° 19' E. long. (Co. Cumberland), is 
a narrow rocky promontory, lying between the ocean on the E. and port Jackson on 
the W. , and is, as its name imports, the S, rounding point of the entrance to that 
harbour. It is a point standing 60 feet above the level of the sea, and running off to 
the N. W. by N. in a rocky reef, known as the Long reef, extending 450 feet from the 
base of the cliff. On the point of the head stands the Hornby, or Low lighthouse, 
30 feet from the top to the base, thus being 90 feet above sea level, painted red and 
white in vertical stripes, from which is exhibited from sunset to sunrise a bright 
white fixed light, visible within the arc of its range, from an 18 feet elevation, a 
distance of 15 miles. The distance from the point of this head to the N. head is 
about a mile, the passage being, however, contracted to less than three-quarters of a 
mile by the reef which runs out from it. The distance to Middle head is about three- 
quarters of a mile, which is also contracted by the same reef. Sandstone. 

SOUTH HEAD, OUTER, 33° 51' 30" S. lat., 151° 19' E. long. (Co. Cumber- 
land), is a lofty prominent part of the line of perpendicular cliffs of whitish sandstone 
which He to the S. of port Jackson, from the entrance of which it is about a mile 
and a quarter S. The cliffs at this place are 268 feet above the sea level, and upon 
them is erected a lighthouse (the Macquarie light), having a principal tower 76 feet 
high, so that the elevation of the light is 344 feet. This tower is painted white, and 
from it there is exhibited between sunset and sunrise a white revolving light, emitting 
its greatest effulgence at intervals of one minute and a half. On an ordinarily clear 
day, from an elevation of 18 feet, and within the arc of its range, the light may be 
seen at a distance of 25 miles. See also Watson's Bay. Sandstone. 

SOUTH 0REEL BACK STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Cook, 
Thomas ; area, 38,400 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£30 10s. 

SOUTH 0EEEL STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Dangar, Wil- 
liam ; area, 34,400 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of castle. Charges, £40. 

SOUTH PARK (Co. Northumberland) is a large tract of alluvial flat land, lying 
on the W. of West Maitland, and watered by the Fishery, or Wallis's creek. This 
land is taken up by settlers, and is nearly all under cultivation. In wet seasons it is 
liable to inundation from the back waters of the Hunter river. Sandstone, with 
alluvial disposit. 

SOUTH TALYWALKA STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Phelps, 
Joseph J. ; area, 76,160 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £67 12s. 

SOUTH THONONGA BLOCK (A) STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, 
Jenkins, F. ; area, 40,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£32 10s. 

SOUTH THONONGA BLOCK (B) STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, 
Jenkins, F. ; area, 40,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£32 10s. 

SOUTH THONONGA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Cornish, E. B.; 
area, 40,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £50; the 
recently appraised rental is £104 5s. 

SOUTH THONONGA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Jenkins, F. ; 
estimated area, 40,000 acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. The old charges were 
£40 ; the recently appraised rental is £104 5s. 

SOUTH ClUIRINDI STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Loder, 
Andrew ; area, 12,800 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The old charges were 
£60 ; the recently appraised rental is £76. 

SOUTH WERRITH STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupiers, Bucknell, C. W., 
A. W., and F. N. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. 
Charges, £30. 

SOUTH WEST ARM (or Cowan Creek) (Co. Cumberland) is a long narrow 
indentation into the land on the S. side of Broken Bay, running about 10 miles S.W. 
in the direction of the head of Lane cove river. The entrance to this arm is about 



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507 



54 miles W. of the point of Barren juey, the entrance to Broken bay. It receives the 
waters of Cowan creek at its head. Sandstone. 

SOW AND PIGS ''native name Burra-Birra) {Co. Cumberland) is a dangerous 
shoal of sunken rocks, lying in the fairway of port Jackson, about § of a mile W. of 
the inner S. head. OnthelSI.W. edge of this shoal a lightship is moored (painted 
red), from which is exhibited from sunset to sunrise two fixed white lights, placed 
vertically on one mast, 6^ feet apart, the highest being 26^ feet above the water. 
Sandstone. 

SPARKES' (or Gulligal) LAGOON {Co. Nandewar) is a fine permanent sheet 
of water, supplying the township of Gulligal, which is built upon it, and is about 2 miles 
long and 80 yards wide. Its average depth is about 35 feet. It is supplied from the 
Nanioi river when that stream overflows its banks. Alluvial drift. 

SPARROW HILL ( Co. Wellington) is an auriferous hill, on the Green Valley 
creek, and forming part of the Tambaroora gold field. Metamorphic slate, with 
quartz reefs. 

SPECTACLE ISLAND {Co. Cumberland) is a long island, taking its name from 
its peculiar shape, which somewhat resembles that of a pair of spectacles, lying in the 
Parramatta river, about a quarter of a mile to the W. S. W. of Cockatoo island. It is a low 
lying island, and is used as a powder magazine by the Government, a range of low 
stone buildings, suitable for the purpose, having been lately erected upon it. Sand- 
stone and alluvial drift. 

SPECTACLE ISLAND ( Co. Northumberland) is a small island in the estuary 
of the river Hawkesbury (Broken bay), at the confluence of Mooney-Mooney creek. 
Alluvial deposit. 

Also a small island in the Hunter river, lying to the S. of Mosquito island. Sand 
and alluvial deposit. 

SPICER'S CREEK ( Co. Lincoln) is a S. tributary of the Erskine river. 

SPICER'S CREEK STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Atkinson, James ; 
area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old. charges were £50 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £50. 

SPICER'S CREEK STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Flood, Edward ; 
area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. Old charges, £34; new appraise- 
ment, £50. 

SPIT, THE (native name Parriwi or Burra-Bru) {Co. Cumberland) is a bank 
of sand, which runs out from the W. side of Middle harbour, nearly closing the pas- 
sage, there being only a narrow channel of deep water between the tail of the Spit on 
the S. and the main land on the N. The ferry on the road from Sydney, via St. 
Leonard's to Pittwater is at this point. Estuary drift. 

SPORTSMAN'S CREEK {Co. Clarence) is a small N. tributary of the N. arm 
of the Clarence river, joining it at Lawrence. Sandstone. 

SPRING- CREEK (Co. Ashburnham) is a small N. tributary of Bourimbla 
creek, rising in the W. of the Canobolas, and flowing W., about 10 miles, through 
rugged scrubby country. Slate and limestone. 

SPRING CREEK {Co. Baradine, Liverpool plains district) is a small tributary 
of the head of the Baradine creek, rising in mount Boolemdilly, in the Warrabungee 
range, and flowing N. about 5 miles. Basaltic rock. 

SPRING CREEK (Co. Bathurst) is a N. tributary of the Lachlan river, flowing 
into it about 10 miles S.E. of Cowra. Lower silurian. 

SPRING CREEK (Co. Buccleugh) is a small S. tributary of the lower part of the 
Oak creek, rising in the W. slope of Paddy's Rock hill. 

Also, a tributary of the Adjungbilli creek, rising in mount Tumorrama, and 
flowing through a tract of swampy country, called the Shaking bog. Trap rock and 
granite. 

SPRING CREEK {Co. Gordon) is a tributary of the head of the Buckinbar creek. 
Metamorphic slate. 

SPRING CREEK {Co. Gough) is a srnall N. tributary of the Severn river, crossing 



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the road from Severn to Ashford, about 16 miles E. of the latter place. Sandstone 
and granite. 

SPRING CREEK (Co. Harden) is a stream of good water, rising between the 
Boorowa and Cunningham plains, and having a source on both plains. It flows in a 
S. direction into the Jugiong creek, after a course of about 32 miles. It waters much 
agricultural land on both sides, and is fed by the Boorowa flat, Douglas, and Barwang 
creeks. Metamorphic slate and limestone. 

SPRING CREEK (Co. Inglis) is a small auriferous N. tributary of the head of 
Carlyle's creek. Hornblendic granite. 

SPRING CREEK (Co. Monteagle), a small stream, near the township of Young, 
in the Burrangong gold fields, flowing N.E. into the head of the Burrangong creek. 
Lower palaeozoic, with recent surface drift. 

SPRING CREEK ( Co. Murray), a small tributary of the Brassil creek, flowing 
through the S.E. part of the Yass plains. Metamorphic slate and granite. 

SPRING CREEK [Co. Phillip) is a smaU tributary of the Wollar creek. Meta- 
morphic slate. 

SPRING CREEK [Co. Roxburgh) is a small W. tributary of Arthur's creek, 
flowing in the Oaky creek gold field. The geological formation is sandstone, limestone, 
and slate, occasional outcropping quartz ridges. 

SPRING CREEK (Co. Wellington) is a small auriferous tributary of the Stock- 
yard creek, flowing in the Burrendong gold fields. Metamorphic slate. 

Also a small tributary at the head of the Kingarragan creek. Micaceous shale 
and slate, with quarts and trap rock. 

SPRING CREEK DIGGINGS (Co. Murchison) is a small alluvial gold work- 
ings, in the Bingera gold field, lying 2 miles S. of the township of Bingara. Horn- 
blendic granite. 

SPRING CREEK DIGGINGS ( Co. Roxburgh) is a gold workings on the creek 
of that name, forming part of the Turon diggings, lying 1 mile distant from the 
township of Sofala. The population is included in that of that place. Metamorphic 

SPRING CREEK STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Bushby, Michael ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £3C. 

SPRING CREEK STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Wilding, Thomas ; 
area, 23,040 acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. The old charges were £16 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £60. 

SPRING CREEK STATION (Murrumbidgee district); occupier, Salomon, 
Emanuel; area, 12,800 acres; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Charges, 
£33 8s. 9d. 

SPRING FLAT (Co. Sehvyn), a small swampy and well grassed plain, abound- 
ing with springs of fine pure water, and affording excellent pasturage for cattle. It 
lies between mount Dargal and its spurs on the E., and the Murray river on the W., and 
is watered by the Spring flat and Swampy flat creeks. It is exceedingly liable to be 
flooded, from the melting of the snow on the ranges. The geological formation is 
granitic, covered with a deep alluvial deposit. 

SPRING FLAT CREEK (Co. Selwyn) is a small creek, rising in the W. slope of 
mount Dargal, and flowing W. about 10 miles over a small swampy and well grassed 
plain, abounding with springs of good water, whence the name of the creek, into the 
Murray river, about 5 miles N. of the confluence of the two branches of the head of 
that river, and 8 miles S. E. of Welaregang. The geological formation of its course 
is granitic, with alluvial drift. 

SPRING FLAT CREEK (Co. Wallace) is a small tributary of the M'Laughlin 
river, rising in mount Cooper, and flowing N. about 8 miles. Granite and trap 
rock. 

SPRING FLAT STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Bell, David ; area, 
7200 acres ; grazing capability, 350 head of cattle. Charges, £26 8s. 2d. 

SPRING GULLY CREEK (Co. BucHand) is a smaU tributary of the Kangaroo 
Station creek. Palaeozoic. 



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509 



SPRING HILL (Co. Goulburn) is a high peak in a rugged schistose range, 
lying about 6 miles KW. of the town of Albury. The summit of this mountain con- 
sists of whinstone and granite. The Bungambrawartha creek rises in its S.E. slope. 
Granite and trap rock. 

SPUING (or Little Manly) COVE (Co. Cumberland) is a small bight on the 
E. side of the N. harbour of port Jackson. It is capable of affording shelter to 4 or 
5 moderately sized ships, and lies on the W. side of the promontory forming the N. 
head of port Jackson, and a mile and a half due N. of the inner S. head lighthouse. 
There is 6 or 7 fathoms water, with good sandy bottom. The quarantine station and 
reserve lies on the S. E. side of this bight. Sandstone. 

SPRING MOUNT STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Ryan, James ; 
area, 12,800 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

SPRING, THE (Co. Wallace) is a hill lying in the ranges to the E. of the Wall- 
wye P river, and being the source of several small tributary creeks. Lower silurian. 

SPRING'S CREEK (Co. Buckland) is a small E. tributary of Chilcott's creek, 
falling into it near its confluence with Doughboy Hollow creek. Upper and middle 
palaeozoic. 

SPRING'S CREEK (Co. Wynyard) is a small tributary of the Black creek, 
flowing N. a few miles. Granite and trap rock. 

SPRING'S STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Richardson and Wrench ; 
area, 20, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £60 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £100. 

SPRING VALLEY (Co. Argyle) is a postal village in the parish of the same 
name, and electoral district of Argyle, and police district of Goulburn. There is no 
creek or stream of any importance in Spring valley, water for domestic purposes being 
obtained chiefly by damming up the watercourses, and thus retaining the rain. 
During the summer months water is brought from a creek lying to the E. , and called 
Deep creek. Lake George is about 6 miles distant to the S. , and there is a large 
lagoon, named Rose's lagoon, about 2 miles in circumference, containing permanent 
fresh water, and lying about 3 miles to the N. The district is mainly agricultural, 
the flats and slopes of the hills being principally taken up by small settlers, and under 
cultivation. There are no mills or manufactories, but there is a copper mine in the 
adjoining parish, Currawang, which promises well. There are about 40 miners 
engaged at present, and the number is about to be increased shortly. There is a post 
office, and 2 schools (one Denominational and one National) in the parish ; there are 
no churches, but ministers of various denominations attend frequently at convenient 
distances to their respective flocks. The mail runs once a week, but much anxiety 
and desire prevails for a more frequent opportunity of mail communication. The 
nearest places are Goulburn, 19 miles N. ; Collector, 7 miles W. ; and Bungendore, 22 
miles S. ; with these places the communication is by horse or dray. With Sydney, 
146 miles N.E., the communication is by horse or dray to Goulburn, thence by coach 
to Picton, and thence by rail. There are no hotels in Spring valley, the nearest being 
at Collector. The surrounding country is elevated, being a portion of the main moun- 
tain chain running N. and S. through the colony. It is hilly in itself, and contains 
some good patches of arable land in the valleys and more extensive flats. The geo- 
logical formation is generally ferruginous sandstone, with occasional slaty shale having 
quartz veins running through it, and in some distances bearing traces of copper. The 
population numbers about 200 persons. 

SQUARE RANGE STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Silk, Joseph Wal- 
pole ; area, 6070 acres ; grazing capability, 2500 sheep. Charges, £55 

SQUARE RANGE STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Thornton, Morgan, 
senr. ; area, 5600 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. Charges, £20. 

STACK'S CREEK (Co. Beresford), a small S. tributary of the upper Murrum- 
bidgee river, rising in the E. of Stack's hill, in the Kiandra range, and flowing N. W. 
across the main road from Kiandra to Cooma, about 10 miles, into the main stream. 
Its course is through open plains. Porphyritic granite and slate. 

STAFF A STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Cornish, E. B. ; area, 35,50ft 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31 10s. 



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[Sta — Sto 



STANHOPE {Co. Northumberland) is an agricultural settlement, lying on the 
"banks of the Hunter river, about 6 miles distant from Branxton. Sandstone. 

STANLEY (or Barrier) RANGE [Albert district) is a chain of low sandstone 
hills, on the vast level plains to the W. of the Darling river, and rising out of a barren 
and sandy country. They attain no great elevation, but the principal peak (mount 
Lyell) rises to a height of 2000 feet above sea level. This range lies near the line 
dividing the colony from South Australia. 

STANMORE {Co. Cumberland) is a suburb of Newtown, lying to the S. of the 
railway line, and on the S.W. side of the municipality of Newtown, being partly in 
that municipality, and partly in that of Marrickville. It is occupied by dairymen, 
and has numerous suburban residences. Sandstone and clay. 

STAPYLTON is a county in the pastoral district of the Gwydir. It contains 
3 acres of alienated land, and 1,311,997 acres unalienated. Its present boundaries, 
however, are open to modification. 

STAPYLTON LAKE [Co. Taila) is one of a series of lagoons, which lie on the 
N. bank of the Murray river, about 20 miles E. of Euston, and near the confluence of 
the Murrumbidgee and Murray rivers. It is situated on the Tillane creek, a W. 
branch of the former river. Pliocene tertiary. 

STEPHEN CREEK {Albert district) is a stream rising in the Barrier range, and 
flowing in a S.E. direction. Ferruginous sandstone. 

STEPHEN'S POINT {Co. Durham) is the S. head of port Stephens, on which 
the lighthouse stands. This low rocky point is in lat. 32° 44' 35" S., long. 152° 13' 20" 
E. , and N. N. E. i E. , nearly 77 miles from the North head of port J ackson. It slopes 
down from a hummocky summit, and is fronted by rocky ground, upon part of which 
the sea breaks, and it should not be approached nearer than a mile from the light. 
The point is joined by a long neck of land, which extends from the entrance of New- 
castle harbour, and forms the S. side of port Stephens, by a narrow isthmus of bare 
sand, called Narrowgut. The entrance of the port bears N.N.W. ^ W. 2\ miles from 
Stephens point, or about N.N.W. from the light, and is 6 cables wide. Sandstone. 

STEPHENS PORT {Co. Gloucester). See Port Stephens. 

STEWART'S BROOK {Co. Durham) is a small E. tributary of the upper part 

of the Hunter river. Sandstone. 

STEWART'S RIVER ( Co. Macquarie) is a small drainage creek, flowing into 
the S. end of Watson Taylor's lake. Sandstone, shale, and limestone. 

STINGAREE POINT ( Co. Northumberland) is a point on the W. shore of lake 
Macquarie, at the spot where the Dorah creek flows into it. Some of the land in the 
neighbourhood is taken up in small allotments. P. Simpson's widow has 2000 acres 
at this point. Alluvial. 

STOCKDALE POINT {Co. Northumberland). See Lake Macquarie. 

ST0CKINBXNGY {Co. Clarendon) is a small township, in the electoral district 
of the Lachlan, and police district of Gundagai, and lies about 15 miles W. of Cora- 
mundria, with which place there is communication by horse and dray only, and 
whence Sydney is reached by mail coach to Picton, and thence by rail. There is some 
good agricultural land in the neighbourhood, although but little progress has been 
made of late years. Tho population numbers about 12 persons. 

STOCKYARD CREEK {Co. Clarence) is a smaU W. tributary of Whiteman's 
creek. Carbonaceous sandstone. 

STOCKYARD CREEK {Co. Gough) is a small W. tributary of the Yarrow 
river. Sandstone. 

STOCKYARD (or Oruxg Ballonah) CREEK {Co. Wellington) is an aurifer- 
ous creek, flowing through the Burrendong gold fields into the Macquarie river, at 
Burrendong. It is fed by the Spring creek, and has several pieces of good agricul- 
tural land on its banks, taken up by small settlers. Micaceous schist and slate. 

See also Maroombili Creek. 

STOCKYARD CREEK STATION {Macleay district) • occupier, Warne, John ; 
area, 13,440 acres ; grazing capability, 450 head of cattle. Charges, £10. 



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STOCKYARD FLAT STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, M'Guigan, 
Patrick ; area, 7680 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Charges, £48. 

STOCKYARD STATION {Monaro district) • occupiers, Manning, Sir W. M., 
and Mort, Thomas S. ; area, 11,040 acres ; grazing capability, 300 head of cattle. 
Charges, £15. 

STOKE'S ISLAND ( Co. St. Vincent) is a small rocky islet, lying off the coast, 
11 miles S. of Ulladulla. Sandstone. 

ST0NEHENGE STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Watt, John 
Brown ; area, 17,920 acres ; grazing capability, 1920 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £120 ; The recently appraised rental is £100. 

ST0NEHENGE STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, Bank of New South 
Wales ; area, 14,720 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Bourke. Charges, £52 0s. 7d. 

STONEQUARRY (Co. Camden) is the original name of the district round 
Picton. 

STONEQJJARRY CREEK (Co. Camden) is a small tributary of the Nepean 
river, joining it at the township of Picton. Sandstone and freestone. 

ST0NYBATTER CREEK (Co. Hardinge, New England district) is an aurife- 
rous tributary of the head of the Nundle creek, rising in mount Lowry and falling 
into it at the village of Stonybatter, on the road from Bendemeer to Inverell. The 
geological formation is upper palaeozoic, with serpentine charged with chromate of 
iron and greenstone diorite. 

STONYBATTER STATION [New England district) ; occupier, Hall ; area, 
204,800 acres ; grazing capability, 3600 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Inve- 
rell. The old charges were £512 ; the recently appraised rental is £360. 

STONY CREEK [Co. Harden), a small tributary of the Bogolong creek, flowing 
through some good land (taken up by Conray, Julian, and others) into the Bogolong 
creek, near Bookham. Slate and limestone. 

STONY CREEK (Co. Macquarie) is a small N. tributary of the Hastings river. 
Sandstone. 

STONY CREEK (Co. Monteagle) is a small W. tributary of the Boorowa 
river. Metamorphic slate and shale. 

STONY CREEK (Co. Murchison) is a smaU W. tributary of Maule's creek, 
flowing through rich undulating pastoral country, lightly wooded, and finely grassed. 
Basalt, with deep black alluvial deposit. 

STONY CREEK (Co. Murray) is an E. tributary of the upper Murrumbidgee 
river, draining the rich undulating country between the townships of Jingery and 
Queanbeyan. It is fed by a small drainage called the Waterhole creek. Slate and 
limestone. 

See also Oranmeir. 

STONY CREEK (Co. Northumberland) is a small E. tributary of Black creek, 
crossing the Maitland and Wollombi road at Bishop's bridge. Carbonaceous sandstone 
and rich alluvial deposit. 

STONY CREEK (Co. Phillip) is a tributary of the Cooyal creek, into which it 
flows at Cooyal. It rises in mount Bara, and flows through rugged scrubby country, 
its course not being clearly defined during much of its course. There are, however, 
some patches of fine land on its banks, which are taken up by small farmers. C. 
Purcell has two 640 acre allotments on this creek. Ferruginous sandstone and con- 
glomerate. 

STONY CREEK (Co. Roxburgh) is a small E. tributary of the Macquarie river, 
rising in some stony ranges in the parish of Waltham, and flowing throixgh J. Piper's 
allotments of 640 and 373 acres. Sandstone, limestone, and clay shale ; metamorphic 
slate. 

STONY CREEK ( Co. Vernon) is a small S. tributary of the Apsley river, falling 
into it near the Apsley falls. Granite and slate. 



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STONY CREEK (Co. Wellington) is an auriferous S. tributary of the Bodaldura 
creek. Metamorpliie slate. 

STONY (or Daw's) CREEK {Co. Westmoreland) is an E. tributary of the 
Campbell creek, rising in the X. slope of Bushranger's hill, and flowing X. about 20 
miles. It is fed by the Native Dog, Brisbane Valley, Captain King's, and Wiseman's 
creeks. Palaeozoic. 

STONY CREEK {Co. Wynyard) is a small auriferous tributary of the Gilmore 
creek, flowing X. through the upper Adelong gold fields. Granite and trap rock. 

STONY CREEK GOLD FIELD (Co. Wellington) is a tract of auriferous country, 
situated on the E. tributaries of the Bell river. See also Ieoxbarks. The quantity 
of gold received by escort from the Stony creek gold fields during the year 1864, was 
17,646 ozs. ; which, at £3 19s. 3d. per oz., was of the total value of £69,925 4s. 
During the year 1S64 were issued 1971 miners' rights, 137 business licenses, and 6 
leases — under which latter 700 yards of river bed, 400 yards of quartz vein, and 4 
acres of alluvial land were let. 

STONY CREEK STATION (LacTUan district) ; occupier, Conroy, John ; area, 
7680 acres ; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. The old charges were £28 15s ; 
the recently appraised rental is £20. 

STONY CREEK STATION {Lachlan district) • occupier, Maloney, P. ; area 
13,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £22 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £20. 

STONY CREEK STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Mulholland, William ; 
area, 3040 acres ; grazing capability, 250 head of cattle. The old charges were £33 
8s. 9d. ; the recently appraised rental is £50 . 

STONY CREEK STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Kelly, Martin ; 
area, 15,360 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£40 ; the recently appraised rental is £54. 

STONY HILLS STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, M'Cormack, 
Henry O. ; area, 17,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £11 Is. 

STONY RIDGE, No. 1 STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, Macleay and 
Taylor ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £40 5s. ; 
new appraisement, £32. 

STONY RIDGE, No. 2 STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, Macleay and 
Taylor ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £35 5s. ;. 
new appraisement, £30. 

STONY RIDGE, No. 3 STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, Macleay and 
Taylor ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £35 5s. ; 
new appraisement, £30. 

STONY RIDGE, No. 4 STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, Macleay and 
Taylor; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £35; new 
appraisement, £30. 

STONY RIDGE, OUTER W. STATION (Albert district) • occupiers, Macleay, 
Taylor, and Co.; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£50. 

STONY RIDGE, E., STATION (Albert district); occupiers, Macleay and Tay- 
lor ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £17. 

STORM CREEK (Co. Gresham) is a small S. tributary of the Sara river. 
Sandstone. 

STRANGER'S RETREAT STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, 
Watson and Hewitt; area, 25,600 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£30. 

STRATHAVEN STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, De Sailly, E. and 
G. P.; area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The nearest post 
town is Booligal. Charges, £31. 

STRATHB0GIE STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Gordon, Hugh ; 
area, 64,004 acres ; grazing capability, 14,000 sheep. The old charges were £160 y 
the recently appraised rental is £258. 



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513 



STRATHEDEN STATION {Clarence district) ; occupiers, Bundock, Barnes, and 
Smith ; area, 33,400 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. Old charges, £123 15s. ; 
new appraisement, £125. 

STRINGY BARK CREEK (Co. Cumberland) is a small E. tributary of the 
Lane cove river. Sandstone. 

STRINGY BARK SPRING CREEK ( Co. Wynyard) is a small drainage creek, 
rising near Plum Pudding hill, on the road from Wagga-Wagga to Albury, and flow- 
ing N.W. through some swampy flats in the parish of Wagga-Wagga into the Mur- 
rumbidgee river. Nearly the whole course of this creek on both sides consists of 
good agricultural land, which is cut up into small farms. Granite and trap rock. 

STRONTIAN PARK [Co. Clarence) is an agricultural settlement on the Clar- 
ence river, lying at the mouth of Alum creek, and opposite the township of Ulmarra. 
Sandstone. 

STROUD, 32° 28' S. lat., 151° 50' E. long. [Co. Gloucester), is a postal town in 
the electoral district of the Williams, and police district of port Stephens. It is 
situated between the Mill creek and Smith's creek, on the main line of road between. 
Raymond terrace, the Manning river, and port Macquarie. It lies 120 feet above the 
level of the sea. To the W. runs the Karuah river, rising 25 miles N.W. of Stroud, 
and running from thence S. E. 50 miles into the Meters of port Stephen's, receiving in 
its course the waters of Johnson's creek, the Mill creek, Titcume's creek, Smith's creek, 
Alderly creek, Booral creek, and the Branch river. This river is navigable to Booral 
wharf — 30 miles from the Heads. Mount Ebsworth lies 4 miles S.W. ; it is 1317 feet 
high ; and Willibah, or the Sugar Loaf, 3 miles N.E., 1504 feet high. The district is 
both agricultural and pastoral, and has 1 flour mill driven by steam and water, and 1 
saw mill, driven in the same manner. The nearest places are Dungog, N.W., 16 miles ; 
Raymond terrace, S., 32 miles; Gloucester, N., 30 miles; Bullah Delah, E., 15 
miles ; Carrington, S., 21 miles, and Booral, S., 6 miles. A mail coach runs to and 
from Raymond terrace four times a week, and to and from Gloucester twice a week. 
With Sydney, 121 miles S., the communication is by mail coach to Raymond terrace, 
and by steamer thence to Sydney. Stroud has a court of petty sessions, a hospital 
and benevolent asylum, a school of aits, with a large library, and a Denominational 
school. The hotels are the Cottage of Content and the Australian inn. There is a 
post and money order office, and a branch of the Sydney Insurance company in the 
tuwnship. There is a coach office, whence coaches run to Raymond terrace and 
Gloucester. The population numbers 380 persons. There is abundance of iron ore 4 
miles S.W., of coal, 10 miles N., and of limestone 7 miles N.W., all of the best des- 
cription. Timber of the best quality abounds in the district, and a large timber trade 
is carried on, more especially at the Myall, where a large steam saw mill is in full 
operation, the property of Messrs. C. and D. McRae. Stroud is the head quarters of 
the Australian Agricultural company, that company possessing 1,000,000 acres of 
some of the best land in the colony. The surrounding country is broken and moun- 
tainous. The geological formation is carboniferous sandstone. 

STUART MOUNT [Albert district) a peak of the Grey range, which see. 

STUBBO CREEK {Co. Bl gh) is a small E. tributary of the Slapdash creek. It 
is crossed by the road from Cooyal to Mendooran. Metamorphic. 

STURT is a county in the pastoral district of Lachlan. It contains 640 acres 
of alienated land. Its present boundaries, however, are open to modification. 

STURT'S BILLIBONG RUX STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, Fletcher 
and Scott ; area, 35, 840 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Went worth. Charges, £140. 

STURT'S DEPOT GLEN STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Hopwood, 
Henry ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. Charges, £30 5s. 

STURT STATION (Albert district); occupier, Hogg, James Edward; area, 
128,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

STURT (Co. Auckland) is a small agricultural village on the Towamba river, 
lying about 10 miles E. of Eden. Sandstone and trap rock. 

STYX RIVER (Co. Dudley) is a N. tributary of the Macleay river, rising by 
numerous small heads, the principal of which is Oaky creek. 
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[Sug — Sur 



SUGAR LOAF (or Hobbes) MOUNT (Co. Argyle) is a lofty detached peak, lying 
in the parish of Turallo, on the W. bank of the Tarlo creek, and about 6 miles N.W. 
of the village of Tarlo. The geological formation is metamorphic slate and lime- 
stone. 

SUGAR LOAF ( Co. Bathurst) is a high solitary hill, lying in the S. part of the 
county, near the junction of the Lachlan and Abercrombie rivers. Granite and sand- 
stone . 

SUGAR LOAF (Co. Buccleugh) is a lofty peak, in the N. portion of the Blower- 
ing mountains, in which the Log Bridge creek has its rise. Lower silurian and 
granite. 

SUGAR LOAF (Co. Cumberland) is the name applied to two high hills, distin- 
guished as Little and Big, in the parish of Willoughby, and lying near the head of 
Middle harbour. They are both covered with scrub, and are composed of sandstone 
rock. 

SUGAR LOAF CREEK (Co. Cowley) is a tributary of the Goodradigbee river, 
rising in the Narangullen hill, and flowing N.W. across the Yass and Kiandra road, 
a-bout 12 miles, through good pastoral country. Granite and slate. 

SUGAR LOAF CREEK (Co. Goulburn) is a small tributary of the Murray river, 
rising in the Sugar Loaf hill, and iiowing about 10 miles S. It is crossed by the 
track from Albury to Dora, Jingellee, and Welaregang. Schist, with outcropping 
granite and alluvial deposit. 

SUGAR LOAF CREEK (Co. Northumberland). See Watagan Cbeek. 

SUGAR LOAF CREEK (Co. Wellington) is a small auriferous W. tributary of 
the Molong river. Sandstone, shale, and limestone. 

SUGAR LOAF CREEK (Co. Wynyard). See Pilgalala Creek. 

SUGAR LOAF MOUNT (Co. Wynyard) is the name applied to 2 high conical 
peaks, lying in the undulating plains to the S. of Tarcutta, and divided by the Kiambla 
creek. Metamorphic slate and granite. 

SUGAR LOAF POINT, 32° 27' S. lat., 152° 34' E. long. (Co. Gloucester), usually 
called Seal Rock point, is a projection of the mainland N.E. by N., 14 to 15 miles (called 
in the plan Peaked rock), extends S.E. a long third of a mile from the point. The Seal 
rocks, dangers, and anchorage have lately received a strict examination by Captain 
Sidney and Mr. Hixson. Sandstone. 

SUGAR LOAF RANGE (Co. Northumberland) is a chain of of hills, lying to the 
N.W. of lake Macquarie, and about 12 miles S. of Maitland, from which township 
they form a prominent land mark. The principal peaks are the three Sugar loaf peaks. 
This range consists of steep, rugged, and thickly timbered hills. The Mulbring and 
Cockle creeks have their rise in the W. and E. slopes respectively. Ferruginous 
sandstone. 

SUGAR LOAF STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Gill, John ; area, 
53,760 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. Charges, £80. 
SULKY PONDS (Co. Argyle). See Pejar Creek. 

SUMMER HILL (Co. Bathwst) is a detached hill, lying about 1\ miles E. of 
Orange township, and on the W. bank of the Frederick's Valley creek. Granite. 

SUMMER HILL STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Single, Mrs. 
Sarah ; area, 9600 acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. Charges, £50. 

SUMMER ISLAND (Co. Dudley) is a postal town in the parish of Cooroobon- 
gatti, electoral district of the Hastings, and police district of port Macquarie. It is 
situated on the Macleay river, Kinchela creek bearing E. and Darkwater creek S.W., 
both distant about 2 miles. The district is agricultural, the nearest township being 
Darkwater, 2 miles distant, and Kempsey, about 12 miles S.W., and Frederickton, 10 
miles S. W. With these places the communication is by boat ; and with Sydney, 285 
miles S., by steamboat from port Macquarie. The surrounding country is low and 
flat, the population numbering about 53 persons. There is a National school in the 
township. Sandstone and alluvial deposit. 

SURRY HILLS (Co. Cumberland) is a residential suburb of Sydney, included 
in the electoral district of Paddington, and in the metropolitan police district. It 



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lies on the S. side of Sydney, and is within the city boundary. To the S. of Surry 
hills is a fine nursery, known as Baptist's gardens, the property of Mr. J. Baptist. 
There are also 2 tanneries (Pawley's and ALderson's), and still further S. a newly- 
erected rope factory (Forsyth's), known as the City Rope works. It is a brick building, 
containing a spinning room, 80 feet by 42 feet ; and a rope-making room, 66 feet by 
SO feet ; and has a rope walk 1053 feet in length by 14 feet wide. The machinery is 
driven by steam power, and the place is the largest of the kind in the colony. The 
population of Surry hills is included in that of Sydney. The geological formation of 
the upper or N. part of Surry hills is Wianamatta shale, that of the lower end sand- 
stone and drift sand. 

SURVEYOR'S CREEK {Co. Gough) is a small S. tributary of the Mitchell river, 
falling into it near the junction of the Yarrow river. Sandstone. 

SURVEYOR'S CREEK {Co. Inglis) is a small E. tributary of the Muluerindie 
river. Hornblendic granite. 

SURVEYOR'S CREEK STATION" {New England district) ; occupiers, Scott, 
James ; area, 61,440 acres ; grazing capability, 14,000 sheep. The old charges were 
£140 ; the recently appraised rental is £196. 

SUSAN ISLAND {Co. Clarence) is a small island in the Clarence river, lying on 
the S.W. of the town of Grafton. It lies about 20 miles from Lawrence, and 5 miles 
from Grafton. Sandstone. 

SUSSEXH A YEN {Co. St. Vincent) is a bight on the S. side of cape George- 
Sandstone. 

SUSSEX STATION {BlUjh district) ; occupiers, Brocklehurst, W. W. and E. ; 
area, 26,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old charges, £31 ; new 
appraisement, £60. 

SUTHERLAND POINT {Co. Rous) is a rocky promontory, lying abaut 10 
miles S. of point Danger. Sandstone. 

SUTTON FOREST {Co. Camden) is a postal township in the parish of Sutton 
forest, electoral district of Camden and police district of Berrima. It is situated on 
the Med way creek, under the mount Broughton range of low hills, in an agricultural 
and pastoral district, in which there are 2 steam nour mills, one at Oldbury, 3 miles, 
and one at Throsby park, 5 miles from the township. The nearest town is Berrima 
(the nearest telegraph station), S miles, with which place there is communication by 
horse and dray only. With Sydney, 89 miles N. , the communication is by coach from 
Berrima to Picton, and thence by rail. The hotels are the Talbot and the Black Bull. 
The roads are under the control of a local board. The surrounding country consists 
of an elevated undulating table land, with rich black and chocolate-coloured soiL 
taken up to a considerable extent by cultivators. The climate is exceedingly salu- 
brious, and the district is well supplied with fine pure water by several permanent 
creeks. The geological formation is mostly of basaltic and trappean (porphyritic) 
whinstone. The population of Sutton forest and the neighbourhood round it numbers 
about 360 persons. 

SWEENY CREEK {Co. Clarence) is a small W. tributary of the Coldstream, 
river, flowing through good agricultural land. Sandstone. 

SWAINE'S CREEK {Co. Cumberland) is a small E. tributary of Lane Cove 
river. Sandstone. 

SWALLOW CREEK {Co. Bathurst) is a W. tributary of the Mac^uarie river, 
rising in some scrubby hills near the township of Guyong, and flowing N. E. through 
D. Perrier's allotments of 2560 and 1041 acres, about 12 miles. It is crossed by the 
road from Bathurst to Ophir. Upper and middle palaeozoic. 

SWAMP CREEK {Co. Cowley) is a small W. tributary of the Murrumbidgee 
river, rising in the S.W. slopes of Big hill, round the S. base of which it flows, ex- 
panding into a swampy lagoon, where it is joined by the Ucayarra creek. Metamor- 
phic slate and trap rock. 

SWAMP CREEK {Co. PhilVp) is a small N. tributary of Lawson's creek, 
flowing through T. Walker's 809 acres. Ferruginous sandstone and conglomerate. 



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[Swa — Syd 



SWAMP OAK CREEK STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Gill, 
John ; area, 51,200 acres ; grazing capability, 12,000 sheep. Charges, £120. 

SWAMPY CREEK ( Co. Vernon) is a stream of fine water, flowing into the 
head of the Apsley river, about 12 miles S. of Walcha. Granite and slate. 

SWAMPY FLAT CREEK (Co. Selwyn) is a small E. tributary of the East 
Branch (Murray) river, rising in mount Dargal, and flowing S.W. about 15 miles 
through a broken country, interspersed with rich grassy flats, liable to inundation, 
and containing mimerous swamps and lagoons, overgrown with reeds, the haunt of 
innumerable nocks of wild ducks and other aquatic birds. The geological formation 
is metaniorphic ; consisting of mica, chlorite, and talc. 

SWAN CREEK {Co. Clarence) is a small S. tributary of the Clarence river, 
flowing through good agricultural land into the main stream near Grafton. Sand- 
stone and shales. 

SWAN CREEK (or Brook) (Co. Gough) is a tine stream, rising in a detached 
hill on the road from Glen Innis to Inverell, called Fletcher's ISTob, and flowing W. 
past Swan peak across the Inverell and Wellingrove road into the Macintyre river, 
about 4 miles S. of the township of Byron. It has a course of about 36 miles through 
excellent pastoral land, much of which is suitable for cultivation. The geological 
formation of the country through which it flows is generally lower palseozoic, with 
alluvial deposit over the older rock. 

SWAN PEAK (Co. Gough) is a high solitary hill on the Swan creek, and on the 
road from Wellingrove to Inverell, about 12 miles S.W. of the former place. Granite 
and trap rock. 

SWATCHPIELD (native name Beemarang) (Co. Bathurst) is a postal village 
in the electoral and police districts of Bathurst. It lies 18 miles from Rockley, and 
IS miles from Bathurst, communication being by means of Cobb's coach. Sand- 
stone. 

SYDNEY (formerly Albion), 33° 51' 41" S. lat., 151° 11' 30" (or lOh. 4m. 46s. 

E. long.), mag. var. in 1864, 10° 1' 38" E. (Co. Cumberland), is a large and wealthy 
city, situated on the shores of port Jackson, about 6 miles from the Heads, and is 
the metropolis of the colony, and the seat of government. On the 26th of January, 
1788, British supremacy over Australia, and the adjacent islands, was first proclaimed 
at Sydney by Arthur Phillip, R. N. , the first governor, who was sent out by the 
Home government to found a penal settlement, and arrived in the frigate " Sirius," 
accompanied by the armed tender, "Supply," six transports — the "Scarborough," 
the " Lady Penryhn, " the " Friendship, " the "Charlotte," the " Prince of Wales, " 
and the "Alexander;'" and the three storeships — the " Golden Grove, " the "Fish- 
bourne," and the " Borrowdale. " On board of these vessels, known as the "First 
Fleet," were 600 male and 250 female convicts, a guard of 208 officers and marines, 
and 40 women, wives of marines, with their children. The spot chosen for the first 
encampment was at the head of Sydney cove, near a perennial stream of fresh water, 
which ran through a thick wood and emptied itself into the harbour, at the head of 
the cove. Here a township was laid out, and received from governor Phillip the name 
of Sydney, in honor of Thomas Townshend, Viscount Sydney, one of the members of 
the administration of the younger Pitt. The wood speedily disappeared, and the 
stream, after having for years supplied the colonists with fresh water, became impure, 
and was used as a drain, being known as " The Tanks," till, in process of time, it was 
filled in or covered over, and disappeared also. Sydney was, for nearly 50 years, the 
gate of the Australian settlements, and through it all business was transacted with 
the mother country, and all additions to the population by immigration were made, 
and, rising in wealth and importance, it was soon regarded as the chief British city 
of the southern hemisphere. But this prospective greatness not having been duly 
estimated by the original founders, no adequate provision was made for the growth 
of a large city ; but a small extent of ground was marked off for a town, the streets 
were made narrow, the land in the immediate neighbourhood became the property of 
private individuals, and narrow and irregular thoroughfares, which were sufficient for 
all purposes half a century ago, were deemed also sufficient for all time to come. The 
habit of forming narrow streets and roads, thus early contracted, appears to have 
been strengthened and confirmed by time, for the original standard of width is still 



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adhered to, and even where extensive blocks of land have been reclaimed from the 
sea, and thrown open in later years for building purposes, the principle of narrow 
thoroughfares is closely carried out, and comfort and convenience sacrificed to pecu- 
niary considerations of a temporary character and the mere force of custom. The 
city is most picturesquely situated, on the indented shores of the magnificent harbour, 
and has a fine appearance from the water. Densely packed round Sydney cove and 
Darling harbour with stores, warehouses, and wharves, it stretches out to the south- 
ward in long rows of substantial dwelling houses and shops, and spreads out in the 
distance in suburban villas and gardens, and costly and substantial mansions. Sydney 
is divided into two electoral districts — Sydney East and Sydney West — each of which 
returns 4 members to the Legislative Assembly, the present members being — for 
Sydney East, the Hon. Charles Cowper, John Caldwell, James Hart, and J. H. Neale ; 
and for Sydney West, the Rev. Dr. Lang, Samuel A. J oseph, W. C. Windeyer, and 
the Hon. Geoffrey Eagar. For municipal purposes, it is subdivided into eight wards, 
named respectively, Bourke, Brisbane, Cook, Denison, Fitzroy, Gipps, Macquarie, 
and Phillip, each of which returns 2 aldermen to the municipal council. The subur- 
ban residents have largely availed themselves of the privileges conferred by the 
Municipalities' Act, and in the immediate neighbourhood of the part of the city pre- 
sided over by the original council, 14 distinct municipalities have been incorporated, 
of which 12 are in admirable working order, while the remaining 2 have not yet taken 
steps to establish themselves in accordance with the provisions of the Act. The 
suburban municipalities in full working order are — Balmain, Cook, Darlington, Glebe, 
Marrickville, Newtown, Paddington, Randwick, Pedfern, Waterloo, Waverley, and 
Woollahra, the other 2 being St. Leonard's and Camperdown. The present Mayor of 
Sydney is John Sutton, Esq. , and the Aldermen are Messrs. J. G. Raphael, Charles 
Moore, George Hurley, William Speer, Alexander Steel, William Kippax, John Woods, 
James Murphy, John Sutton, J. Butler, Alexander Smail, Owen J. Caraher, T. J. 
Bown, J. Macintosh, John Sutherland, and James Oatley. The meetings of the 
Council are held in the Town hall, Wynyard square, a private building rented for the 
purpose by the municipality, till the city revenue will admit of the building of a 
municipal hall and offices on the site of the present police court in George- street, 
which site has been granted for the purpose. During 1864 the city rate raised by 
assessment, under the authority of Acts of Council, amounted to £34,339 9s., while 
rents, fees, fines, and re-payments swelled the revenue to the sum of £51,032 0s. Id. 
The expenditure for city improvements amounts to £47,309 19s. lOd. ; and for light- 
ing the city with gas to £6287 9s. 2d. In addition, water and sewerage rates are 
levied, the expenditure under the former head amounting to £18,098 Is. 10d., and 
under the latter to £4253 Is. The number of ratepayers during 1864 was 12,445, and 
the estimated annual value of rateable property in the municipality was £637,600, 
while the extent of roads, streets, lanes, &c. , under the control of the municipal 
council was about 90 miles. The town is supplied with water of the v^ery best quality, 
from the Lachlan swamp, an extensive basin, surrounded by sand hills, extending 
from Paddington to the shores of Botany bay. Originally, the surplus water flowed 
into the bay and was lost, but, under Governor Macquarie's administration, a tunnel 
was bored, and an aqueduct constructed, through which the citizens were supplied 
with water. The demand largely increasing, however, the corporation erected exten- 
sive works at Botany, whence the water is forced up by steam power into large 
reservoirs constructed at the Surry hills and at Paddington, from which places it is 
distributed by means of pipes to all parts of the town and neighbourhood. The city 
is favourably situated for sewerage, and extensive and costly works have been under- 
taken to carry off the refuse matter to the harbour ; but the results have been so 
disproportionate to the outlay that comparatively little has been done in effecting this 
important object. Sydney is the seat of the Bishop of Sydney and metropolitan 
of Australia, under the church of England, the Right Rev. Frederick Barker, D.D., 
and of His Grace the Most Rev. J. B. Polding, Archbishop, under the church of 
Rome. The head quarters of the Presbyterian, Congregational, Wesleyan, Baptist, 
and other denominations, are also in Sydney. The wharves of the city extend from 
fort Macquarie round Sydney cove to Dawes' battery, and along the east side of Dar- 
ling harbour, or, as it was originally called, Cockle bay. The circular wharf, occu- 
pying the greater portion of the frontage to Sydney cove, is a large, substantial, and 
•commodious structure of stone. Here large ships discharge and load, lying in deep 
water broadside on to the wharf, which, with a large shed, is the property of the 



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government, and is periodically let by auction to the highest bidder. The facilities 
for loading and discharging are in keeping with the character of the port as a great 
commercial emporium. The " lumpers," who contract at so much per ton for the 
discharge of cargoes, having steam-engines, which they take from one ship to another, 
either by land or in punts, are enabled without difficulty or risk to land the largest 
cargoes with remarkable quickness, and to load again in the same satisfactory maimer. 
In the neighbourhood of the Circular qu&y, the principal wool stores are situated. 
These are large and commodious buildings of freestone, often of elegant design, and 
generally of bold and imposing appearance. The largest are fitted with steam-engines 
for wool pressing, and hoisting and lowering goods. The Custom house also is situ- 
ated near this wharf. It is one of the plainest looking public buildings in the city, 
and appears to be so exclusively designed for business that people desiring temporary 
shelter, either from the heat or the rain, cannot linger anywhere in its vicinity. The 
water police, the harbour master's, and the shipping master's offices are also conveni- 
ently erected on the rising ground on the E. side of the cove, while opposite, on the 
W. side, are the Sailors' home and the Mariners' chapel. Part of this quay, called 
Campbell's wharf, is private property, with which is connected a long line of substan- 
tial stores of uniform design, through which a large proportion of the British imported 
goods passes for distribution. In Darling harbour are situated the wharves of the 
different steam companies, of the coal and timber merchants, and of the coasting 
traders. The patent slips, the ship building yards, for the construction of steamers 
and sailing vessels, are also situated in this part of the city, where also are the prin- 
cipal manufactories and mills. The Australasian Steam Navigation company possess 
a large and powerful fleet, trading to Melbourne, Adelaide, Brisbane, Maryborough, 
Gladstone, Rockkampton, and port Denison, without the colony ; and to Morpeth, 
the Maiming river, and other ports within. At their extensive works, on the Pyr- 
niont side of the harbour, they construct and repair their own steamers, and also 
others for local and other companies. Their offices are at the bottom of Margaret- 
street. The wharves of the Clarence and Richmond river company, and of the 
Panama, New Zealand, and Australian Royal Mail company adjoin to the northward; 
while, at Miller's point, further on in the same direction, is Moore's wharf, where the 
vessels of the P. and 0. company load and discharge. At this wharf, and at Towns' 
adjoining, vessels loading with horses for the Indian market usually lie. To the 
southward of Margaret -street are the wharves of the New Hunter River, of the Illa- 
warra, of the Clarence and New England, and of the Parramatta Steam Navigation 
companies. In Water-view bay, there is a magnificent dry dock, cut out of the solid 
rock, and capable of containing the largest steam and sailing vessels that trade to the 
port, and at Cockatoo island there is another dry dock of similar construction erected 
al great cost by convict labour. In the former, which is the property of T. S. Mort, 
Esq., the ships of private companies and individuals are overhauled and repaired, 
while the latter, which belongs to the government, is chiefly employed for the refitting 
and repair of ships of war. At the Waterview bay establishment, Messrs. M Arthur 
and Mort have introduced machine^ for the construction of wood and iron steamships 
on an extensive scale. 

Sydney is lighted with gas by the Australian Gas Light company, whose princi- 
pal works are on Darling harbour, off Kent-street north, and who have branch 
gasometers at the Haymarket and at Woolloomooloo. The company is large and 
wealthy, the undertaking having proved very profitable to the proprietary. The capital 
amounts to ±108,000, in 18,000 shares of £6 each, with a reserve fund of £23,310. 

A company for the manufacture of paper, with offices in Queen's-place, and 
another for glass and porcelain, with offices in Pitt-street, have also been established. 
The Colonial Sugar Refining company, with a capital of £150,000, having offices in 
Bridge-street, for many years enjoyed an absolute monopoly of the trade of the 
Australian markets. Its sugars and rum are highly prized, and command extensive 
sale in the Victorian market, notwithstanding local opposition ; while, in New South 
Wales and Queensland, the company meets with no formidable competition. The 
Fitzroy Iron Works company, 400 George- street, is now amalgamated with the long 
established and wealthy private firm of P. N. Russell and Co. , and is manufacturing 
iron from its own ore, supplying the trade of the colony, and executing orders in a 
manner that would do credit to the first foundries in Britain, supplying ironwork for 
railways, bridges, and steamers, and enjoying a wide colonial reputation. Cigars and 
cavendish, and negrohead tobacco, from imported and colonial leaf, are extensively 



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manufactured in Sydney, one of the largest establishments being that of Mr. Hugh 
Dixson, in York street. A large outlay has been incurred for machinery of the most 
approved construction, and ample employment is given to a great number of hands, 
the demand for the manufactured article being always equal to, and often much 
greater than, the supply. The colonial tobacco suffered for a long time from pre- 
judice to its use, occasioned by the inattention and ignorance displayed both in its 
cultivation and manufacture. The prejudice has been removed, however, and the 
colonial article, while it has been made equal in quality to the imported, is cheaper, 
and better adapted for the country. 

The E. side of Sydney is known by the name of Woolloomooloo, and is a thickly 
populated part of the city, lying in the hollow, and on the slopes of the hills at the 
head of Woolloomooloo bay. The head of this bay, formerly a swamp, has been 
reclaimed, and a fine substantial wooden wharf erected, the reclaimed land being laid 
out for streets. 

Pyrmont, which is on the west side of Darling harbour, is approached from 
Sydney by a good road leadiug from Parramatta- street round the head of the har- 
bour, or by a long wooden bridge erected by an incorporated company under an 
act of Parliament, and spanning the harbour from the bottom of Market- street. This 
work is recognised as a great public convenience, and is available for foot passengers 
on payment of a penny toll, and for horses and drays at increased rates. By its 
means Pyrmont has been brought within easy distance of all parts of the city, and 
property very much increased in value. Its principal streets are substantially 
metalled, and it is a favorite resort of working men whose business at the foundries, 
patent slip, and building yards, renders it a place of convenient and agreeable resi- 
dence. The houses are of freestone, as are the houses generally in the city and 
suburbs. The abundance of excellent freestone has tended much to establish for 
Sydney the character of a well built and substantial city, of pleasing and comfortable 
aspect. Brick buildings constitute the exceptions to the general rule, and the 
erection of wooden structures is tolerated only on such stringent conditions, even 
in the suburbs, that they are seldom to be met with. Sydney is indebted to the enter- 
prise of its private citizens and trading companies for the finest of its buildings. Those 
occupied as government offices are, for the most part, the work of early governors, and they 
are used temporarily till the state of the public revenue will justify the expenditure of 
a sum of money sufficient for the erection of handsome edifices worthy of the great 
capital of a nourishing and populous country. The Commercial Banking company and 
and the bank of New South Wales have ornamented George-street with rich and hand- 
some edifices, erected on contiguous allotments, situated between Barrack and Wyn- 
yard streets. To the S., in the same street, are the offices of the Joint Stock, the 
City, and the English, Scottish, and Australian Chartered banks. The last named 
corporation has erected its own building, at the corner of King and George streets, 
after a very elegant and costly design, while the other two companies continue to 
occupy premises originally built for other purposes. In George-street, N. from the 
Commercial bank, the bank of Australasia has erected a massive and costly building, 
at the corner of Jamison-street ; while the London Chartered Bank of Australia is at 
present erecting offices on the opposite corner of the same street. In Pitt-street the 
Oriental bank has a very handsome freestone building, in which its extensive business 
is transacted ; while, further on, at the corner of Hunter-street, the Union bank oc- 
cupies what, not very long ago, was the handsomest banking house in Sydney. The 
insurance companies, also, have done much in the way of building to beautiiy and enrich 
the city, most of them having fine large buildings wherein to transact their business. 
These companies are as follows : — The Alliance (life and fire), Australasian (fire, life, 
and marine), Australian Alliance, Australian General, Australian Mutual Provident, 
British, Colonial, Colonial Life, European, English, Australian and New Zealand, 
Imperial, Liverpool and London and Globe, London and Lancashire, Metcalfe's 
(marine), New South Wales (marine'), Netherlands, India (fire and marine), New 
Zealand, North British and Mercantile, Northern, Pacific, Royal, Sydney, Smyth's Sydney 
Marine, Southern, United, Mutual, Universal, and Victoria companies ; and the exten- 
sive offices of many of the private merchants compare favourably, in point of elegance of 
design, cost of construction, and architectural beauty, with the buildings of any of the 
public companies referred to. New Pitt-street has many magnificent buildings, and 
the crumbling edifices of earlier days in old Pitt-street are gradually giving place to 
stately and commodious warehouses. Sydney is a city of wheeled vehicles of every 



520 The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Syd 



description ; omnibuses ply for hire from Wynyard square and the Queen's wharf (in 
lower George-street) to all parts of the city and suburbs : to Petersham, Camperdown, 
Newtown, Randwick, Waverley, Paddington, the Glebe, Balmain, Pyrmont, the 
South head, and Botany bay. The charges are moderate, varying from 6d. to Is., ac- 
cording to distance. Cabs may be had at numerous stands, at any hour of the day or 
night. All vehicles plying for hire must be furnished with a license, and are under the 
superintendence of an inspector appointed and paid by the City council, which also 
regulates, by its bye-laws, the fares, either by the hour or by the mile. Tiie North 
shore, or St. Leonard's, is reached by means of steam ferry boats, which ply from the 
Circular wharf and Miller's point, at regular intervals. There is a steam ferry also be- 
tween Sydney and Balmain, and another between the city and Waterview bay. 
Regular communication by steam is kept up throughout the day between the city and 
Manly beach, Watson's bay, Tarban, and other places along the Parramatta river, as 
high as Parramatta, while a tramway, laid down along Pitt-street from the Circular 
wharf, is used for the conveyance of passengers to and from the railway terminus, on 
the arrival and departure of the trains. The sanitary arrangements prohibit the 
slaughtering of cattle, sheep, pigs, &c, for the market within the municipal 
boundaries, and all business of that description is transacted either at the Govern- 
ment abattoirs, or at private slaughtering establishments at a distance from town. 
The abattoirs, built of stone, at a cost of nearly £70,000, are on what was formerly 
called Glebe island, at the head of Johnson's bay, between the Glebe and Balmain. 
The island is connected with the main land by a solid embankment, along which ani- 
mals for slaughter arriving from the country are driven, without danger to the inha- 
bitants of the town or populous suburbs, to well built yards for the use of the 
butchers. The abattoirs, again, are connected with Pyrmont by a long substantial 
wooden bridge, erected by the Government, by means of which the distance 1 ) the 
centre of the town is very much shortened. A Government inspector has charge of 
the establishment, to carry out sanatary regulations, and to prohibit the slaughter of 
animals unfit for use. Sydney is liberally provided with churches and schools of 
• commodious dimensions and elegant architecture. St. Andrews' cathedral, belonging 
to the church of England, has been over 40 years in building, and is far from comple- 
tion yet. It has cost an enormous sum, and the walls and roof being finished, work- 
men are now engaged on the interior decorations. It occupies a central and com- 
manding site at the corner of George and Bathurst streets, at the head of the hill 
leading to the Haymarket. Adjoining is the original busing-ground of the colony, 
long since disused, where rest the bones of the earlier inhabitants. This is to be laid 
out as a park for public recreation, and planted with trees. The Roman catholic 
cathedral of St. Mary is situated facing Hyde park, and to it is attached extensive 
grounds. The original building is now in ruins, having been destroyed by fire, but 
the erection of a new cathedral, for which over £20,000 have been already raised by 
public subscription, is to be immediately proceeded w ith. The original Presbyterian 
church stands on Church hill, at the corner of York and Jamison streets, and is pre- 
sided over by Dr. Lang, M.P., its minister since its foundation in 1823. The Wes- 
leyan methodists have their principal religious ediiice in York- street, a large and com- 
modious building of bold design, and elegantly fitted up. The Congregational denomi- 
nation has its chief church, which is now undergoing considerable enlargement, in 
Pitt-street. It is an architectural ornament to the city. The Baptists have their 
oldest place of worship in Bathurst-street, immediately adjoining St. Andrew's cathe- 
dral and St. Andrew's Presbyterian church. And the Jews have their synagogue in 
York-street, while a second congregation of their persuasion occupies a temporary 
synagogue in Macquarie- street. Scattered over the town are numerous places of 
worship belonging to the various denominations, many of them of elegant and orna- 
mental architecture, and of costly design ; while the schools under the National and 
Denominational board, respectively, are not only numerous, but well attended and 
well managed. Education in these establishments is cheap, and available to all 
classes. Private schools are numerous, and many of them bear a high reputation on 
account of the learning and instructive talent of their conductors, and the attain- 
ments of their pupils. Under an Act of Parliament a university, with affiliated col- 
leges in connection with the Episcopalian, Roman catholic, Presbyterian, and Wes- 
leyan methodist denominations, was established in Sydney, and having been erected 
by the Government at an enormous cost, was liberally endowed with a grant of £5000 
a year. The university building, situated near the Parramatta road, is the finest in 



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the colony, and reflects great credit on the country for its liberality — on the artist for 
his design — and on the builders for their skill. It is presided over by a senate, 
and has 3 professors — Dr. Woolley of classics, Dr. Smith of chemistry, and Mr. 
Pell of mathematics. These gentlemen are all worthy of the institution com- 
mitted to their charge, being devoted to study, and skilled in imparting know- 
ledge. The fees, regulated by the senate are, however, so high, that comparatively 
little benefit is likely to be derived by the colony from the establishment of the insti- 
tution, till they are reduced by one-half or three-quarters, or even a larger proportion 
of their present amount. The university confers degrees in arts, and connected with 
it are some valuable scholarships, founded by wealthy and patriotic colonists. To the 
affiliated colleges the sum of £10,000 each is paid (for the erection of necessary 
buildings) by the government, on the subscription of an equal amount by private indi- 
viduals ; and, in addition, a liberal annual allowance is made to each for the salary of 
the principal. The Episcopalian and Roman catholic denominations have raised the 
necessary amounts by public subscription, have received the stipulated sum from the 
government, and have erected their colleges in the neighbourhood of the university 
on allotments of 8 acres of ground granted to each by the State. The Presbyterians 
and Wesleyans have not yet availed themselves of their privilege to erect colleges for 
themselves, but it is probable that both will do so ere long. In College- street, facing 
Hyde Park, is the Sydney grammar school, an institution liberally supported, where 
the sons of the wealthy citizens are qualified for entering the university. The liberal 
allowances made to the masters render them in a measure independent of the fees of 
the students. Adjoining the grammar school is the museum, an institution wholly 
supported by the State. It contains a large, valuable, and interesting collection of 
objects of natural history, the curator being Mr. Gerard Krefft, and all the depart- 
ments of science usually represented in kindred establishments elsewhere are largely 
illustrated here. Admission is free, and the hours of attendance are from noon till 
five p.m. daily. In Pitt-street, the mechanics' institute, with its large and commo- 
dious hall, its excellent library and reading rooms, its evening classes, extensively and 
eagerly availed of by young men whose avocations do not admit of their improving 
their minds by the cultivation of literature during the usual hours of study, is one of 
the most attractive buildings in Sydney, more, however, on account of the intrinsic 
value of the institution than of the architectural design of the building itself. Be- 
sides this there is another library, to which admittance is gained by annual 
subscribers. It is situated at the corner of Bent and Macquarie streets, and 
has a large hall, which at times is used as a concert room, with reading rooms 
supplied with all the colonial journals and periodicals, and with the Home 
and foreign magazines and reviews, and a very large library of choice works 
selected with care by agents in London. The institution is managed by a 
committee elected annually by the subscribers. The parliamentary buildings are 
situated in Macquarie -street, and form portion of the extensive range constructed in 
1814 under Governor Macquarie, as a hospital for the imperial convicts. That portion 
of the building used by the parliament was long known as the " Bum Hospital," in 
consequence of special privileges for the importation of rum, granted to the building 
contractors during the continuance of the work. Their principal profit in connection 
with the building was derived from their traffic in rum. The accomodation for the 
members is simple and sufficient, though plain and inexpensive. The committee 
rooms are small, and the offices of the clerks often difficult to discover, but there is no 
complaint of insufficient accommodation, although the arrangements are, from the 
very nature of the buildings, defective and uncomfortable. To the parliament is 
attached a library and refreshment room for the use of members. Government house 
is a large and imposing structure picturesquely situated in the "Domain," between 
Woolloomooloo bay and Sydney cove. It is neither an elegant nor an attractive 
edifice. It strikes rather by the number of its chimneys than the beauty of its 
design, and its internal arrangements are no better than its external appearance. It forms 
an agreeable place of residence, however, as it is in the immediate neighbourhood of 
the town, though completely isolated from it ; and, overlooking the Botanic gardens, 
commands an unrivalled view of the harbour, from Goat island to the Heads. To the 
vice-regal residence is attached a private domain, beautifully grassed and decorated 
with small plantations. Many of the trees which it contains, gnarled, stunted, and 
deformed though they be, are interesting, because they are older than the civilization 
that surrounds them, and appeared gnarled, stunted, and deformed, before ever a white 



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man's foot was planted on the soil around. The Botanic gardens, with the public 
domain adjoining, are the pride of Sydney and the boast of its people, ft would be 
difficult to say whether nature or art has the larger claim on the gratitude of society 
for all the beauties that are collected here. To both much is due, and each, fortu- 
nately, has done its utmost without attempting to interfere with the other. The 
gardens, iinder the able superintendence of Mr. Moore, a distinguished botanist, and 
an enthusiast in the practice of his fascinating profession, are maintained in mag- 
nificent order. The arrangements are tasteful, and the effect cannot fail to command 
the admiration of the beholder. There, too, many old witnesses of a by-gone bar- 
barism, in their rough and venerable attire, that knows no change from season to 
season, or from year to year, look round on the gaudier and more delicately-clothed 
plants of other climes : they ever wear the same aspect, while all around them 
changes. The gardens borders upon the harboar, a sheet of water like a land-locked 
bay lying spread out before it, far from the noise and tumult of the town or of Sydney 
cove. Walks, formed in the early days of the colony, lead to Mrs. Macquarie's 
chair — a stone bench cut of the rock by order of the lady of the then governor, — a 
lady who also designed the roads, gave them her name, and superintended their con- 
struction. The bush is in its original state of nature ; the walks are retired and 
much frequented by pedestrians, who love walking for its own sake rather than on 
accoimt of the many faces to be met with on the road, whilst the carriage-drives are 
well-kept and liberally patronised by the townspeople. At the extremity of the point 
of land on which Mrs. Macquarie's chair stands, is a battery, partly of stone and 
partly of turf, with a trench mounting some heavy guns. (See Mrs. Macquarie's 
Point. ) Opposite, about midway to the North shore, is fort Denison, with a small 
battery and a martello tower, mounting a heavy gun. It was originally called Pinch- 
gut island, from a circumstance that happened in the early days of the colony, whten 
a convict guilty of some offence was left on this small rocky island for punishment, 
and forgotten for so long a time that he was either actually starved to death or reduced 
to death's door by hunger. There are seA^eral points on the N. side of the harbour, 
on which small batteries are planted ; but they are weak, and would be ineffective if 
required for immediate use. The principal fortifications are Dawes' battery and fort 
Macquarie, the former composed chiefly, and the latter entirety, of stone. They are 
not, however, considered equal to the task of defending either the harbour or them- 
selves, and a special commission has been appointed by the Government to enquire 
generally into the subject of harbour defences, and to draw up a report. Sydney 
could be rendered a very strong naval port, every point on its rocky shores being 
admirably adapted for the construction of defensive works ; but where there are so 
many excellent positions to select from, the difficulty is to fix on the most eligible for 
one commanding battery that would prevent either the entrance or the departure of 
any hostile vessel. The powder magazine, which was formerly at Goat island, at the 
entrance to Darling harbour, has been very judiciously removed to Spectacle island, 
beyond Cockatoo island, where extensive buildings have been erected for the accom- 
modation of all surplus stocks of ammunition and powder. Cockatoo island is a penal 
establishment, where several hundreds of long-sentenced criminals are confined under 
the strictest supervision. No boats are permitted to approach or land persons on the 
island without an order from the authorities, and although several successful attempts 
have been made by prisoners to swim off to the main land, by escaping to the 
opposite shore, the vigilance of the guards, and the danger from drowning or from 
sharks, which abound in these waters, act as strong preventatives to any frequent 
repetition of the attempts, especially since it is remarked that they who have suc- 
ceeded in commencing the perilous journey are seldom afterwards heard of or seen. 
Mutiny amongst the pent-up prisoners occasionally takes place, but is soon put down, 
as they are completely at the mercy of their guards, and only entails additional 
punishment on the ringleaders. Darlinghurst gaol, to which the Central Criminal 
court is attached, is situated on the old South Head road, and is a strong building 
admirably arranged, in which the most dangerous convicts . are confined. From 
time to time it has been found necessary to draft off from the other 
gaols the most outrageous and obstinate of the long sentenced criminals, for 
stricter confinement in this prison. Here, also, the punishment of death is 
awarded to all those sentenced in Sydney. The old gaol was situated in lower George- 
street. In consequence of the frequency of the public executions here in the earlier 
days of the colony, the place on which the old gaol stood was called Gallows-hill, and by 



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that name it is still known by all the old residents in the city. Previous to the es- 
tablishment on Gallows-hill of the public scaffold, a large tree that stood opposite to 
St. Andrew's cathedral, in George-street, served the purposes of a gallows, and crimi- 
nals executed there were buried at its roots. The street now occupies the site of thk 
old forest inhabitant, but the roots of the tree are occasionally met with in making 
excavations for public purposes ; and at the commencement of the present year the 
bones of two persons were found, where their bodies had been deposited f after they had 
expiated their abominable crime of murder) at the foot of this tree. The office of the 
Colonial Secretary, of the Colonial Treasurer, and of the Ministers for Lands and 
Works, are in Bridge-street. The treasury has been built for the purpose, near the 
entrance to the private domain of Government house, but the other offices are of 
primitive construction, and but ill adapted to the purposes for which they are em- 
ployed. Designs have been called for, and accepted, for the erection of parliament 
buildings, worthy the colony, in Macquarie-street ; and when the finances of the 
colony are in a condition to admit of the expenditure, suitable offices also will be 
erected in some convenient locality for the heads of departments. Sydney possesses 
a branch of the Royal mint, and issues coin above the standard value of that issued 
by the head establishment in London. The offices are in the south wing of the old 
convict hospital in Macquarie-street, and the coin issued is declared by act of the Im- 
perial Parliament to be a legal tender in Great Britain and Ireland, as well as through- 
out the colonial possessions of the empire. The greater portion of the old penal 
hospital in Macquarie-street is used an an infirmary, which is supported partly by 
grants from the Crown, and partly by the voluntary contributions of the citizens. It 
is situated in a quiet, airy, and retired part of the town, and is generally full of 
patients, while the surgeons who belong to the establishment, and are paid for their 
services, as well as those who give their services gratuitously, have a large number of 
out-door patients, who obtain relief on producing an order from one of the committee, 
countersigned by the Colonial Secretary. The benevolent asylum is situated near 
the railway terminus at the south end of Pitt-street. It, too, is largely supported 
by voluntary subscriptions and donations, and it has been found necessary to establish 
two branches — one for old men at Liverpool, and the other for old women in town.. 
St. Vincent's hospital, supported and superintended chiefly by the Eoman catholics, 
is in Woolloomooloo, and affords relief to a great number of the aged andinfiim of 
the city. Besides these charitable institutions, there are the school of industry for 
poor girls, in Macquarie-street; the institution for destitute children at Pandwick, 
in which there are, at present, between 500 and 600 boys and girls, the children of 
dissolute or impoverished parents, who are either unwilling or unable to support them ; 
and orphan schools, both Protestant and Catholic, on the Parramatta river, to which 
children are forwarded principally from Sydney. The asylums for lunatics are situ- 
ated — one at Tarban, on the Parramatta river ; and the other in Parramatta, both of 
which are supported and superintended by the State. The military barracks are in 
the suburb of Paddington, on the old South Head road. They are constructed of 
bewn freestone, surrounded by a high wall, also of cut stone, and are large and com- 
modious, capable of accommodating, easily, 1000 men ; at present, however, they are 
occupied by a mere handful of men, and the greater number of the buildings are 
empty. The artillery barracks, where a company of the Poyal artillery is stationed, 
is a neat stone building at Dawes' point, where there are commodious quarters both 
for officers and men, The volunteer armoury is near Hyde-park, adjoining the immi- 
gration barracks, and there the various companies of the Sydney volunteer rifles as- 
semble for chill, and deposit their arms. This building was originally a convict bar- 
racks, where the hard-labour gangs were assembled after they had finished their day's 
work in various parts of the city. Sydney has had from its earliest clays an excel- 
lent market, which has been much improved in usefulness and appearance by the city 
council, to whom it belongs. It is situated in George-street, between Market- 
street and the central police office, and yields a handsome annual rental. Fruit, 
poultry, butchers' meat, and dairy and garden produce, are principally sold ; 
while some of the stalls exhibit rabbits, singing birds, pigeons, live poultry, 
and even ladies' lap dogs in cages. That portion of the market open 
to George- street is let as shops, and yields a handsome rental. The hay- 
market is situated in George-street S., on a large block of ground, the greater 
portion of which has for a long time been lying waste. Besides the domain, the inha- 
bitants of Sydney have, as a place of recreation, Hyde-park, situated between 



524 



The Xew South Wales Gazetteer. 



Elizabeth-street on the W., and College-street on the S. side, and bounded by King 
and Liverpool streets, respectively, on the N. and S. It is at present undergoing 
ornamentation and improvement, and much progress has already been made in the 
rearing of handsome trees, and in the laying out of walks for the adornment of this part 
of the city. Wyn3 T ard-square, portion of the site of the old military barracks, which 
in the early days of the settlement of the colony formed a private grant to an old 
soldier, has been surrounded by an iron railing, and is intended to be planted and 
ornamented with trees, but the basis is chiefly solid rock, and much labour and money 
will have to be expended ere the work can be accomplished, if ever it is commenced. 
There are 3 good theatres in the town — the Prince of Wales (also the Opera house 
during the season) in Castlereagh-street ; the Victoria, in Pitt-street ; and the Lyceum, 
in York-street ; the latter seldom open. 

At Randwick, a splendid racecourse has been surrounded with a high fence, and is 
kept in constant repair, under the watchful superintendence of the Jockey club. 
Many courses may equal this one, but none can possibly be superior. Sydney pos- 
sesses man} r well kept cricket grounds, and large sums are expended by the numerous 
clubs in laying out and improving their fields. Every day witnesses its games, and 
every week its matches well contested, for the simple honor of victory between rival 
clubs in Sydney, or between a local eleven and an adventurous team from some town 
in the country. The cricketers have a general association to superintend the general 
interests of the various clubs, and to arrange matches on a large scale with teams in 
the other colonies. A Poyal Yacht squadron, enjoys a large share of the attention 
of the lovers of aquatic sport. The commodore is the Hon. William Walker, 
of the "Alerte," and the vice-commodore James Milson, Esq., of the "Era," 
while H. C. Dangar, Esq., of the "Peri " acts as treasurer, and George H. Howell, Esq., 
as secretary. The people of Sydney greatly affect boating, and the Yacht club enjoys 
a large share of public lavour. There are numerous first-rate hotels, besides several 
clubs, in Sydney. Of the latter, the Australian club, situated in Bent-street, is the 
oldest ; the others are the Union (in Bligh-street), the Victoria and the Volunteer (in 
Castlereagh-street), and the Civil service (in 155 Macquarie-street). Of the first-class 
hotels, with which the city is abundantly supplied, particular mention may be made 
of the Poyal, in George-street, managed by a company ; Petty's (Roach's), on Church- 
hill ; the Metropolitan (Butt's), in Pitt-street ; Tattersall's (O'Brien's), Pitt-street ; 
Cafe Franeais (Molony's), George-street ; Cohen's, Wynyard-square ; Cafe de Paris, 
(Phillips and Smith's), King-street; Williams' Metropolitan (Williams), King- street ; 
Freemasons' hotel (Bradford's York-street ; and a large number of well-conducted 
licensed victuallers' houses. The principal restaurants are Williams' Metropolitan, 
King-street ; Cafe de Paris, King-street ; Cafe" Franeais, George-street ; La Flore 
Australienne, George-street ; Tattersall's, Pitt-street ; Commercial, King-street ; 
Kembla Dining rooms, Pitt-street ; City Wine vaults, George-street ; and several 
others. The principal news and advertising agencies in Sydney are Gordon and 
Gotch's, 281 George-street (news, advertising, telegraphic, and pubhshing) ; 
Cabitt's, Bridge-street (advertising, enquiry, and news) ; Greville and company's, 
Bridge-street (advertising and telegraphic) ; W. E. Langley's, 140 Pitt-street (press 
telegraphic agency) ; and F. H. Hunt's, 307 George-street (railway advertising). 
The Sydney Morning Herald, the oldest paper in the colony, is published daily by 
Messrs. John Fairfax and Sons, at their offices in Hunter and Pitt streets, where also 
is published the Sydney Mail, a weekly edition of the Herald. The Empire is the 
only other daily paper, and is published by Messrs. Hanson and Bennett, at their 
offices in Xew Pitt-street ; a weekly edition being also issued, principally for country 
and foreign circulation. BelVs Life, the sporting journal ; and the Freeman 's Journal, 
are published weekly ; the former in Pitt-street, and the latter in Park-street. Be- 
sides these the Sydney Punch, a humorous and satirical publication, published in 
Hunter-street, is issued weekly ; the Christian Pleader, monthly ; and the Church of 
England Ch on de, fortnightly — publications representing the Episcopalian interests ; 
the Testimony, the organ of the Presbyterian persuasion ; the A ustralian Journal, a 
magazine devoted to light literature, weekly ; the Illustrated Sydney News, monthly ; 
the Government Gazette, on Tuesdays and Fridays ; arid Bradshaw's Railway Guide, 
monthly. The Sydney observatory is erected on the Flagstaff-hill, in upper Fort- 
street, ab an elevation of 155 feet above the mean sea level. The astronomer is George 
R. Smalley, Esq., B.A., Cantab, F.R.AS. ; the computer, Henry C. Russell, Esq., 
B. A ; and the meteorological assistant, Mr. A H. Smalley. The observatory was 



Syd] Tlie New South Wales Gazetteer. 525 



founded in May, 1857, under the auspices of Sir W. T. Denison, the Governor- 
General. The astronomer may be seen on scientific business daily, between the hours 
of 10 am. and 1 p.m. The admission of ordinary visitors is necessarily regulated by 
such restrictions as the astronomer may, from time to time, find it expedient to lay 
down. As a general rule, visitors are allowed to inspect the instruments every 
Monday from 3h. 45m. p.m. till 4h. 45m. -p.m., on registering their names and ad- 
dresses in a book kept for the purpose. Applications for admission at other times 
must be by letter, or through private introduction to the astronomer. The ordinary 
work of the observatory embraces astronomical, meteorological, and magnetic investi- 
gations, with especial reference to their practical utility. The principal instruments 
in use are — transit circle, focal length, 5 feet 2 inches ; equatorial, focal length, 10 
feet 4 inches ; the usual meteorological instruments, and a complete set of magnetical 
instruments of the most recent construction. A self-registering tide guage will 
shortly be placed under the direction of the astronomer. The time ball is dropped 
daily (Sundays excepted) at 1 p.m. Sydney mean time, or 2h. 55m. 14s. Green- 
wich mean time. It is dropped by a galvanic apparatus, which at the same 
instant records on a paper the instant when the ball fell. Adjoining the obser- 
vatory is the flagstaff (under the charge of Mr Moifatt), which is connected by 
means of electric telegraph with the signal station at the Heads. The moment a 
sail is observed, either to the northward or southward, the fact is indicated at 
the South head, and the information is repeated in Sydney. When the vessel 
can be made out, her description and port of departure are notified by flags, which 
are kept flying till the anchor is dropped in port. All intelligence, which cannot 
conveniently be conveyed to the public by means of the flags, is communicated 
through the telegraph at the station by the master. When the coasting (inter- 
colonial or foreign) steamers come in sight, the company to which the vessels 
belong is indicated by the hoisting of the private flag of the company. This station 
is connected with the head telegraph office in George-street, where the business of the 
department is temporarily conducted. The post office is also a temporary building, 
in Wynyard-square ; but tenders have been accepted for the erection of a handsome 
building, suited to the circumstances and wants of the country, on a central allot- 
ment in George-street, opposite to Barrack- street, and extending as far back as Pitt- 
street. The Sydney Exchange company, with a paid-up capital of £60,000, has 
erected a massive and imposing freestone structure in Bridge-street, and the arrange- 
ments are similar, in all respects, to those of kindred institutions in London and 
Liverpool. The Chamber of Commerce is an influential body, holding its periodical 
meetings in the Exchange, watching over the interests of commerce as affected by 
parliamentary legislation and the fluctuations of trade. There are numsrous private 
companies in Sydney, the principal being the Australasian, Austrian Lloyd's Steam 
Packet, Clarence and Richmond River, Hunter River New, IHawarra, Panama, 
New Zealand and Australian Royal Mail, Peninsular and Oriental, and Queens- 
land Steam Navigation companies ; the Australian Agricultural, Freemasons' Hall, 
Australian Gas Light, Australian Paper, Bulli Coal, Cadiangullong Copper, Colonial 
Sugar Refining, Eitzroy Iron Works, Minmi Coal, Moruya Silver, Newcastle Wall- 
send Coal, Osborne Wallsend Coal, Peak Downs Copper, Peel River Land and 
Mineral, Pyrmont Bridge, Church of England Cemetery, Sydney Exchange, Trust 
and Agency, Waratah Coal, Hartley Kerosene, Western Kerosene, and a great 
number of investment and building companies and societies. The clubs are the Aus- 
tralian, in Bent-street ; Australian Jockey, at Tattersall's,. Pitt-street ; Sydney Yacht 
Squadron, Bridge-street ; Union, Bligh-street ; Victoria, Castlereagh-street ; Volun- 
teer, Castlereagh-street ; and Civil Service, Macquarie-street. The insurance com- 
panies have a fire brigade, their central engine station being in Bathurst-street, op- 
posite St. Andrew's cathedral ; there are also 2 fire companies, the No. 1 and the No. 
2, the central stations being respectively in Pitt-street, S. , and Phillip-street, N. The 
No. 2 Volunteer and Insurance companies have steam fire engines, and the No. 1 
company are just about purchasing one. Each company has also several engines, 
worked by hand. Sydney has an Acclimatisation society, an Agricultural society, a 
Church society, Deaf and Dumb asylum, National and Denominational school boards, 
Entomological society, Visiting and Relief society, Philosophical society, Ragged and. 
Industrial schools, Bible and Missionary societies, Free Trade association, Religious 
Tract and Book society, Temperance alliance, Trade, Protection society, Co-operative 
society, and Tonic Sol Fa and Orpheonist Musical societies. There are Provincial 



526 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



[Syd 



Grand lodges of the English, Scottish, and Irish constitutions of the Masonic order, and 
several lodges attached to each ; also, Royal Arch and Mark lodges. The Odd Fellows 
and Foresters have, respectively, lodges and courts in various parts of the city. The 
geological formation of Sydney is generally ferruginous and carbonaceous sandstone, 
with a bed of Wiauarnatta shale running across it, and immense dunes of drift sand 
lying to the S. and S. E. The height above the mean sea level is 145 feet ; annual 
mean shade temp. 67 J 2' ; mean max. shade, 69 J 6' ; mean min. shade, 54° 9' ; the 
depth of the rainfall averages 58*36 inches; the number of wet days average 157. The 
population of the city numbers (as estimated in the middle of 1864) as follows : — 
Sydney, 60,239, and suburbs, 41,693 ; making a total for Sydney and its neighbour- 
hood of 101,997 persous. 

SYDNEY is represented in the Legislative Assembly by 2 electorates, East and 
West Sydney, the former, 

East Sydney electoral district, embraces the E. portion of the city of Sydney, and 
is bounded on the W. , from the landing place at Dawes' Battery point, by the road 
thence to George-street, and by George-street, S., to Liverpool-street, by Liverpool- 
street, E., to Elizabeth-street, and by Elizabeth-street, S., to Cleveland-street; 
on the S. by Cleveland-street, E., to Dowling-street ; on the E. by Dowling-street, N., 
to its intersection with the Upper South Head road, and thence by the stream falling 
into Rushcutter's bay, to that bay ; and on the N. by the waters of port Jackson to 
Dawes' Battery point, aforesaid. This electorate comprises the city of Sydney, and 
returns 4 members to the Legislative Assembly, the present representatives being hon. 
C. Cowper, J. Caldwell, J. H. Neale, and J. Hart, Esqrs. The number of registered 
electors in this district is 8959, of whom 4191 voted at the last general election, 1864- 
1865. And the latter, 

West Sydney electoral district, embraces the W. portion of the city of Sydney, 
and a small portion beyond the W. boundary of the city, and is bounded on the E. 
from the landing place at Dawes' Battery point, by the road thence, to George-street, 
and by George- street, S., to Liverpool-street, by Liverpool-street, E., to Elizabeth- 
street, and by Elizabeth-street, S. , to Cleveland-street ; on the S. by Cleveland-street, 
W., and by its extension to the Newtown road ; on the W. by the .Newtown road, N., 
to Parramatta-street, and thence by Bay-street, to Black Wattle Swamp cove, and by 
that cove ; and on the N. by the waters of port Jackson to Dawes' Battery point, 
aforesaid. This electorate comprises part of the city of Sydney, and returns 4 members 
to the Legislative Assembly, the present representatives being Dr. Lang, S. A . Joseph, 
Geoffrey Eagar, and W. C. Windeyer, Esqrs. The number of registered electors in this 
district is 7338, of whom 4056 voted at the last general election, 1864-1865. 

The Metropolitan, or Sydney police district, embraces the N.E. portion of the 
county of Cumberland, and is bounded on the N. by the Hawkesbury river, from the 
sea at Broken bay to Cowan creek ; on the W. by the W. boundaries of the parishes of 
Broken bay and Gordon to Lane cove, by Lane cove to the Parramatta river, by that 
river, upward, and by the W. boundaries of the parishes of Concord and St. George to 
George's river ; on the S. by that river and the S. shore of Botany bay to cape Solan- 
der ; on the E. by the sea to Broken bay, aforesaid, including all the islands in the 
harbour of port Jackson and the Parramatta river. The places of petty sessions are 
the Central Police office, Water Police office, and Cockatoo island. 

SYDNEY {Co. Cumberland), a hundred, comprising the parishes of St. Phillip, 
St. James, St. Lawrence, St. Andrew, Botany, Alexandria, Petersham, St. George, 
and Concord. 

SYDNEY [Co. Cumberland) is one of the original districts of the county, pre- 
vious to its being subdivided into parishes and hundreds; it is bounded on the W. 
side by a S. line passing from Blackwattle Swamp bridge to Botany bay ; S. by Botany 
bay ; E. by the coast ; N. by the harbour of port Jackson. 

SYDNEY {Co. Cumberland) is an incorporated district, comprising an area of 
140,733 acres. The co mcil consists of 13 members, and its boundaries are precisely 
similar to the police dis:rict of Sydney, excepting out of its boundaries the city of 
Sydney. 

SYDNEY COVE {Co. Cumberland) is an indentation on the S. side of port Jackson, 
lying about 6 miles S. W. of the entrance at the heads. It lies between Battery point 
on the E. , and Dawes' point on the W. sides, the width being a quarter of a mile, and the 



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TJie New South Wales Gazetteer. 



527 



length from the red buoy (off Battery point) to the head of the Circular quay, three- 
eights of a mile. The average depth is about 4t\ fathoms. The head of Sydney cove 
was the spot selected by Governor Phillip, on the 23rd January, 1788, as the site for 
the new settlement, and the name was given in honour of Thomas Townshend, Viscount 
Sydney, one of the members of the younger Pitt's administration, and the head of 
the colonial office, who had taken great interest in the welfare of the expedition. 
Sydney cove is fed by a stream, once, as described by the discoverers, ' ' a fine stream 
of fresh water, flowing silently through a thick wood," and for a long time after the 
establishment of the new settlement of Sydney the chief water supply for the inhabi- 
tants, but now a filthy drain, redolent of foul smells, known as the Tank stream, and 
tunnelled over for the whole of its course, or, at any rate, the lower end of it. At the 
head of the cove is constructed a fine wharf, called the Circular quay, nearly three- 
eights of a mile in length, and having sufficient water to float the largest vessels close 
alongside. Another wharf, called the Queen's, joins it on the E. side, and upon 
this side is the Manly and Watson's bay steam wharf, and the terminus of the tramway, 
which runs from the Circular quay to the railway station. On the W. side of the cove 
a new wharf has recantly been erected. The city of Sydney lies on the S. and W. 
sides of the cove, there being also several bonded and wool stores on the W. side. On 
the S. is the North shore, or St . Leonard's ferry wharf, the custom house, and a large 
woolshed, and on the W. the commissariat stores, brigade office, sailor's home, mariner's 
church, Campbell's wharf and stores, and a shipbuilding establishment (Pile's). The 
silt and. mud which would otherwise obstruct the navigation of the cove is being con- 
tinually removed, and the bottom kept clean by means of a large steam dredge. Sand- 
stone. 

TABLE LAND [New England district) is the name of a mining district, and 
-of the post town upon it, lying at a considerable elevation above sea level. See 
Timbarra. 

TABLE MOUNT {Co. Rous). See Pocupap. 

TABLE TOP CREEK (Co. Goulburn), a small N. tributary of the Bowna creek, 
rising in a low, flat, topped peak of the Piney range, called the Table, which forma 
the N. boundary of the county of Goulburn. Messrs. Smith have 260 acres of agri- 
cultural land at the junction of the creek. The geological formation is mica, schist, 
and granite. 

TABLE TOP MOUNTAIN {Co. Wallace) is a high flat topped peak of the 
Muniong or Snowy range, lying about 8 miles S. of Kiandra, and 10 miles W. of 
Denison. It is surrounded by bold forest country, intersected by wide swampy flats, 
and mostly covered with snow during winter. This peak is composed of blue ferruginous 
trap, in which there is much magnetic influence, and the needle is consequently use- 

' TABLE TOP RANGE (Co. Goulburn). See Yambla Range. 

TABRABUCCA CREEK (Co. Roxburgh) is the name of the N. head of Cun- 
ningham's creek. See Cunningham Creek. 

TABRABUCCA SWAMP {Co. Roxburgh) is a tract of marshy land, lying on the 
N. bank of the Tabrabucca creek, and on the road from Sofala to Rylstone, about 12 
miles S.W. of the latter place. Sandstone, with alluvial deposit. 

TABRATONG, BACK OF, STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Lee, 
William; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 5s. 

TABRATONGr STATION (Wellington district) ; occupier, Lee, William; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £60. 

TABRATONG, W., BACK STATION [Wellington district) ■ occupier, MarteL 
Florent ; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £50 10s. 

TABULAM, 28° 52' S. lat., 152° 33' E. long. (Co. Buller), is a postal township 
in the parish of Tabulam, electoral district of the Clarence, and police district of 
Richmond. It is situated on the Clarence river and the Timbarra or Rocky rivulet. 
The district is a pastoral and mining one, the Pretty gully diggings being distant 15 
miles, the Tooloom diggings 30 miles N., and the Table Land diggings 30 miles W., 
all alluvial. The nearest towns are — Alice, distant 13 miles S. ; and Fairfield, or 



528 



TJie New South Wales Gazetteer. 



[Tab— Tal 



Drake, 15 miles N.W. on the line of road to Tenterfield. With these places the com- 
munication is by horse or dray. "With Sydney, 483 miles S., by steamer from 
Grafton, distant 75 miles. There is 1 hotel in the town, the Rock of Cashel. The 
surrounding country is undulating, and the population numbers 29 persons. Tabu- 
lam is a polling place for the district. Sandstone and shale. 

TABULAM (or Rocky) RIVULET (Co. Richmond) is an auriferous stream, 
flowing W. into the Clarence river at Tabulam. Sandstone, trap rock and limestone. 

TABULAM STATION" ( Clarence district) ; occupier, Chauvel, C. G. T. ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 head of cattle. Charges, £135. 

TABULAM STATION {Clarence district) • occupier, Chauvel, C. G. T. ; area, 
19,840 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. Old charges, £70 : new appraise- 
ment, £100. 

TACHINA'S STATION (Murrumbidgee district); occupiers, Jones and Gor- 
man; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £45. 

TACKING POINT {Co. Macquarie) is a rocky promontory, lying about 2| 
miles S. of port Macquarie. The summit of this point is composed of small irregu- 
larly shaped hummocks, the northernmost being a rocky lump, of sugar loaf form. 
Sandstone. 

TACKLEB0NG, NEW, STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Flood, Edward ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

TACKLEBONG STATION [Bligh district) ; occupier, Flood, Edward ; area, 
12,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the recently 
appraised rental is £35. 

TAGARI CREEK {Co. Camden) is a small tributary of the Nepean river, flow- 
ing within 4 miles E.N.E. of the village of Menangle. Its banks are exceedingly 
steep, and its course at times rapid and dangerous to cross. Many of the most lovely 
shrubs and flowers the colony produces are to be found on its banks. Sandstone and 
shale. 

TAIL A is a county, in the pastoral district of the Darling. It contains 24 acres 
of alienated land, and 1,423,988 acres unalienated. Its present boundaries, however, 
are open to modification. 

TAIL A LAKE (Co. Taila). See Benanee Lake. 

T AIT'S STATION (Macleay district)-, occupier, Chapman, Ann; area, 17,920 
acres ; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. Charges, £47 16s. 3d. 

TALAO AND BONNY, BACK STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Lord, 
G. W. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

TALA STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Young and Morehead ; 
estimated area, 268,800 acres; grazing capability, 28,000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Balranald. The old charges were £4:35 12s. 6d. ; the recently appraised 
rental is i-1150. 

TALATERANG MOUNT (Co. St. Vincent) is a lofty peak of the Budawang 
range, lying on the banks of the Clyde river, and being well wooded with tolerably 
large timber. Sandstone. 

TALAWUNG CREEK (Co. Bligh) is a small W. tributary of the Slapdash 
creek. Metamorphic. 

TALBINGO HILL ( Co. Buccleugh) is a lofty peak in the Tumut range (a spur 
of the Muniong). It lies about 4 miles S. of the village of Talbingo, and on the E. 
bank of the Tumut river. Metamorphic slate and granite. 

TALBRINGO STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Lampe, Ottman ; 
area, 30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £20. 

TALBRAGAR RIVER (native name Poolabatta) (Cos. Lincoln and Bligh). 
See Erskine River. 

TALBRATONG LOWER STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Perks,. 
Charles ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £67 3s. lOd. 



Tal— Tam] 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



529 



TALBEATONG, W., STATION [Wellington district) ; occupier, Watt, W. R.j 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £106. 

TALERANGr PIC [Co. Murray) is a lofty peak in the Gourock range of moun- 
tains, lying on the W. bank of the Shoalhaven river, and the E. bank of Mulloon 
creek, about 8 miles W. of Braidwood. It attains a height of about 3500 feet, and is 
composed of granite, sandstone, red trap rock, extremely rugged, and thickly tim- 
bered and scrubbed. Bearing from this peak is a range of low hills of remarkable 
rock, filled with ferruginous concretions, and so magnetic as to affect the compass. 

TALLAILA STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Kirk and Goulds- 
borough; estimated area, 10,800 acres; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. The old 
charges were £25 ; the recently appraised rental is £45. 

' TALLANDEA. STATION [Albert district) • occupiers, Smith and Reid ; area, 
64, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. 
Charges, £31. 

TALLUBA STATION [Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Rundle, J. B. ; esti- 
mated area, 28, 160 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £50 ; the recently appraised rental is A'72. 

TALMALM0 STATION [Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Day, George and 
James ; estimated area, 3960 acres ; grazing capability, 320 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £25 ; the recently appraised rental is £15. 

TALMO (or Barber's) CREEK [Co. Harden), a small tributary of the head of 
the Jugiong creek, falling into it near Bookham. There is a fine waterfall on this 
creek, at the division between the parishes of Bookham and Talmo. Slate, granite, 
and limestone. 

TALMO WATERFALL [Co. Harden) is a small cataract, on the Talmo creek, 
in the parish of Talmo, and about 6 miles S. of Bookham. Granite and limestone 
rock. 

TALOUMBA STATION [Clarence district) ; occupier, Ryan, Thomas ; area, 
18,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £37 10s. 

TALOWLA STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Bloxham, Edward J. ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31. 

TALYAWALKA CREEK [Albert district) is a creek flowing from mount 
Guntpermucko in a S. direction into the Darling river, on its W. side. There is also 
another creek of the same name on the E. side of the same river, flowing through 
pastoral country, and conveying the overflow of the Darling into the Teraweynya 
lake. The geological formation of the country through which it flows is pliocene 
tertiary, with alluvial deposit. 

TALYAWALKA LOWER STATION [Albert district); occupier, Phelps, 
Joseph, jun. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Perry. Old charges, £30 ; new appraisement, £49. 

TALYAWALKA STATION [Albert district) ; occupier, Phelps, Joseph, jun. ; 
area, 61,440 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. 
Old charges, £22 ; new appraisement, £69. 

TAMARYBUNDY STATION [Bligh district) ; occupier, O'Donohoe, Patrick ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31 5s. 

, TAMBAROORA, 33° 2' S. lat., 149° 27' E. long. {Co. Wellington), is a postal 
mining township in the electoral and police districts of Wellington. It is situated on 
the Tambaroora creek. W., from Tambaroora, at a distance of 10 miles, runs the 
Macquarie river, taking a course from S. E. to N. W. This river is being worked by 
numerous parties of gold miners. The only mills in operation are two quartz-crush- 
ing machines, which are nearly always working night and day. The district is 
entirely a mining one, and both alluvial and quartz mining are carried on to a con- 
siderable extent, although the former pursuit is gradually giving way to the latter. 
The nearest towns are Hargraves, a mining town, distant 18 miles, N. ; and Sofala 
also a mining town, distant 28 miles, S.E. The roads to these places are very rough, 
particularly the one to Sofala. The distance from Bathurst, 38 miles, is by a bridle 
path, exceedingly rough, and quite impassable for wheeled conveyances, which have 



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to travel by a different route a distance of 65 miles . A mail is conveyed to and from 
Sofala and Tambaroora, on horseback, twice a week, and to and from Hargraves and 
Tarnbaroora once a week. "With Sydney, 168 miles S.E., the communication is by 
horse or dray to Sofala, thence by Cobb's coach to Penrith, and thence by rail. There 
is in Tambaroora a hospital, National school, telegraph office, post and money order 
office, court of petty sesions, and churches of the church of England, Roman catholic, 
and Presbyterian denominations. The principal hotels in Tambaroora are the Rail- 
way, Spirit Store inn, Hargrave's, Tambaroora inn, and the Royal The district is 
very mountainous, and entirely unfit for agricultural purposes, except to the E., where 
small portions of land are occupied by settlers, who combine agricultural with pastoral 
pursuits. The population of the town is not more 400, but that of the district may 
be fairly estimated at 3500. The geological formation is granite and quartz-bearing 
slate. The quantity of gold received by escort from the Tambaroora gold fields during 
the year 1864 w &s 16,365 ozs., which, at £3 18s. 6d. per oz., was of the total value of 
£64,197 os. 2d. During the year 1864 were issued 1399 miners' rights, 53 business 
license?, under which latter 200 yards river bed, 400 yards quartz vein, and 4 acres of 
alluvial land were let. 

TAMBAROORA CREEK {Co. Wellington) is an auriferous JST. tributary of the 
Macquarie river, rising in and flowing through the Tambaroora gold field. It is fed 
by the Bald hill creek. The upper end of the creek flows through Golden flat and 
Samuel's gully. Metamorphic slate and granite. 

TAMBOURINE BAY (Co. Cumberland) is a deep bight on the ST. side of the 
Lane cove river, near its fall into the Parramatta river. Sandstone. 

TAMUDGERIE STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Trust and 
Agency Company ; estimated area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1600 head of 
cattle. The old charges were £100 ; the recently appraised rental is £135. 

TAMWORTH, 31° 11' S. lat., 150° 57' E. long. (Co. Parry), is a postal township 
in the electoral district of Liverpool plains, and police district of Tamworth. 
It is situated on the Peel and Cockburn rivers, in an undulating, pastoral, and agricultu- 
ral district. There is 1 steam flour mill (D. Munro's) in the township. Tamworth 
lies on the main N. road. The nearest places are Goonoo-Goonoo, 15 miles S. ; Moonbi, 
15 miles N. ; Manila, 30 miles N.W. ; and Carroll, 35 miles W. There is com- 
munication with all the places on the N. line of road by coach, and with other places 
in the neighbourhood by horse, dray, or hired vehicle. With Sydney, 251 miles 
S.E., the communication is by Gill's daily mail coach, or by occasional express wagon, 
to Singleton, thence by rail to Newcastle, and thence by steamer. Tamworth has a 
hospital or benevolent asylum, a mechanics' institute, a post and money order office, 
a telegraph station, a police office, and a handsome court house with gaol attached. 
Petty and quarter sessions, and the district court are held in the court house. There 
are 2 churches, an English and a Roman catholic one, and a Denominational and a 
National school. There is one weekly newspaper, the Tamworth Examiner, published 
in the town, and there is an Odd Fellows' lodge (the True Friendship lodge). The hotels 
are the Caledonian, Somerset arms, Travellers' Home, Royal Oak, and Woolpack inn; 
and there is 1 booking office for passengers and parcels (Cohen and Levey's ). Tam- 
worth has branches of the City and New South Wales banks, and of the Victoria, 
Sydney, Liverpool and London and Globe, and Australian Mutual Insurance com- 
panies. Tamworth is surrounded by large tracts of excellent agricultural land, and 
since the new land act has come into operation, has progressed rapidly in every re- 
spect. Were it not that this magnificent country, for many miles on the S. bank of the 
Peel, is shut up from private enterprise, being a grant from the Crown to the Aus- 
tralian Agricultural Company (since transferred to the Peel river Land and Mineral 
Company), Tamworth would hold a most important agricultural position. The town 
is tolerably well built, containing several excellent stores, and numerous good dwell- 
ing houses. The surrounding country is undulating, and hemmed in by mountain 
ranges at some distance. The geological formation is sandstone, granite, and shale. 
The population numbers about 650 persons, including that of the environs. The 
quantity of gold received by escort from the Tamworth gold fields during the year 
1864, was 2399 ozs., which, at £3 14s. 6d. per oz., was of the total value of £8937 
13s. Id. 

Tamworth is a police district, embracing an E. portion of the pastoral district of 
Liverpool plains ; and bounded on the N. by part of the N. boundary of the pastoral 



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district of Liverpool plains, being the Nandewar range, which divides the waters of 
the Namoi river from those of the Gwydir river ; on the W. by a line south-westerly 
from that range passing between the heads of Goor and Maule's creeks, to the Namoi 
river, about 2 miles above Dr. Milner's house at the Broadwater, and thence by a line 
southerly, passing between the heads of Brigalow and Turrabeile creeks to the Warra- 
bungle range ; on the S. by that range and the Liverpool range to the head of Coomo- 
Coomo creek, thence by that creek to the Mooki or Connadilly river, by that river, 
downwards, to the confluence of Quirindi creek, by Quirindi creek to the W. boun- 
dary of the Quirindi reserve, by the W., N., and E. boundaries of that reserve, by 
Quirindi creek to the W. boundary of the Wallabadah reserve, by the W., N., and 
E., boundaries of that reserve, and by Quirindi creek to its head in the Liverpool 
range, and by that range easterly to the E. boundary of the pastoral district of Liver- 
pool plains ; and on the E. by that boundary, being the W. extreme of the table land 
of New England to the Nandewar range, dividing the waters of the Namoi and 
Gwydir rivers, aforesaid. Its places of petty sessions are Tarn worth, Nundle, GunDe- 
dah, and Barraba. 

TANBAN STATION {Madeay district) ; occupier, Chapman, Ann ; area, 
19,000 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Charges, £11. 

TANDANGO CREEK {Co. Narromine, Bligh district) is a small W. tributary 
of the head of the Bogan river, flowing through flat sandy country, with myall scrub. 
Pliocene tertiary. 

TANDAWANGAL0 CREEK {Co. Auckland) is one of the two heads of the 
Candelo creek, which see. 

TANGERIN {Co. Durham) is a lofty hill, lying near the junction of the Hunter 
river and the Glendon brook, about 9 miles E. of Singleton. Sandstone. 

TANNABAR STATION {Bliyh district) ; occupiers, Lakeman and Knight ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

T ANNAN CREEK {Co. Wellington). See Louisa Creek. 

T ANT ANGARA MOUNT {Co. Wallace) is a high peak, lying on the N.E. of 

the town of Kiandra. The surrounding country consists of broken ranges, with, 
good pasturage and stony plains, intersected by swamps. Trap rock. 

TANTONAN STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Caldwell, Gavin 
R. ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1440 head of cattle. Old charges, £90 ; 
new appraisement, £110. 

TANWARRA CREEK {Co. Roxburgh) is an auriferous S. tributary of the 
Turon river, rising in Piper's flat, in the Wattle Flat gold fields, and flowing N.W. 
through the rugged, scrubby country S.W. of Sofala, past the W. foot of mount 
Tanwarra. It is fed by the Bell and Wallaby creek. The geological formation is 
sandstone, limestone, and slate, with occasional outcropping quartz ridges. 

TANWARRA MOUNT {Co. Roxburgh) is a peak in the hills on the Turon 
river, near the township of Sofala, and lying at the head of Insolvent creek. Granite, 
limestone and clay shale. 

TAPA0 STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Fletcher, Dugald ; area, 38,400 
acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. Charges, £170 10s. 

TAPIO OUTER STATION {Darling district) • occupier, Fletcher, G. B. ; area, 
51,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Wentworth. 
Charges, £30 4s. 

TAPI0N STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Fletcher, Dugald; area, 30,720 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Wentworth. 
Charges, £30 4s. 

TARAGO, 35° 4' S. lat., 149° 40' E. long. {Co. Argyle), is a postal township in 
the electoral district of Argyle, and police district of Goulburn. It is situated on 
the Mulwaree ponds, 1| mile W. of lake Bathurst, which receives the rainfall of a 
large extent of the surrounding country, and has no known outlet. The scenery in the 
neighbourhood is highly picturesque, and well worthy a visit from the tourist. The 
city of Goulburn lies 20 miles N. , the coaches from that place to Braidwood passing 
through Tarago. With Sydney, 148 miles N.E., the communication is by Cobb's 



532 



[Tar 



coach to Picton, and thence by rail. Tarago has a post office, an Anglican church, a 
Denominational school, and 1 hotel, the Tarago. It is bounded on the W. by a range 
of mountains, dividing lake Bathurst from lake George, the waters of the E. water- 
shed emptying themselves in the Wollondilly, and those of the W. watershed into 
the Murrumbidgee rivers. The geological formation of the district is sandstone and 
hornblendic granite. The population is small and scattered. 

TARAGO LAKE (Co. Argyle) is a small lake, lying in the parish of the same 
name, and to the S. of the village reserve of Tarago (not the present township of 
Tarago). The surrounding land is mostly taken up by settlers. The new road from 
GouTburn to Collector passes by the N. end of this lake. Trap rock. 

TARA is a county lying in the S.W. corner of the colony. It is bounded on 
the S. by the Darling river, and on the W. by the boundary of South Australia, and 
lies within the district of Darling. Its area is 1,235,200 acres. 

TARANGARA STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Scott, James ; area, 
40,960 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £111. 

TARANGILE CHEEK (Co. Townsend), a small branch of the Edward river at 
Deniliquin. This creek and the main stream form a small alluvial island, reserved 
as a recrecition ground. It is crossed by a punt, and its banks are lined with box, 
cherry tree, and gum. Pliocene tertiary. 

TARARIE STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Power, H., and 
Davenport ; estimated area, 12,800 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. 
The old charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £20. 

TARA STATION" (Darling district) ; occupiers, Trust and Agency company ; 
area, 43,520 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Went- 
worth. Charges, £166. 

TARA STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Buchanan, William ; area, 
16,640 acres ; grazing capability, 10,000 sheep. The old charges were £41 4s. ; the 
recently appraised rental is £84. 

TARA No. 4 STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, De Sailly, G. P. ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Con- 
dobolin. Charges, £31. 

TARA No. 5 STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, De Sailly, G. P. ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Con- 
dobolin. Charges, £31. 

TARAW0NGA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Kirk and Golds- 
borough ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31. 

TARA WONG STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Tyson, Peter; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £10 10s. 

TARBAN (Co. Cumberland) is the name of the village of Gladesville, which 
see. It is also the name of the lunatic Asylum, situated in that village, and on the 
S. bank of the Tarban creek, and N. side of the Parramatta river. The Tarban 
lunatic asylum is situated on the summit of a rising ground ; its front being of be- 
tween 700 and 800 feet in length, commanding, through 37 large-sized windows, a 
delightful and picturesque view down the Parramatta river. The site, though ex- 
tremely healthy, and almost surrounded by woodland, has the disadvantage of being 
somewhat arid ; and the reservoir of water on which, in case of the exhaustion of the 
four underground tanks, averaging each some 40, 000 gallons, and the numerous roof- 
cisterns of smaller dimensions, the establishment is mainly dependent, too remote for 
perfect convenience, and the rapid supply demanded by the enormous and increasing 
quantity of water required per day, which amounts at the present time to 4000 gal- 
lons at least. This latter inconvenience may easily, and in fact is about to be reme- 
died by engineering contrivances; and the aridity of the soil, which- cannot be 
improved into agricultural capabilities is, nevertheless, immediately contiguous to the 
front of the asylum, available for pleasure ground and other purposes of recreation. 
Internally, the building has a central structure, used for the various offices, some 
stores, and the quarters of the resident officers. The male division on one side con- 
ri st? of five separate wards, viz., a convalescent, a refractory, sub-refractory, inter- 
mediate and hospital. The female division has 4 ward?, which, though less by one 



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in extent of accommodation than the male, is still in more favourable proportion to 
the number of its inmates. The males amount to 308, for whom are 82 single sleep- 
ing cells, 8 common sleeping apartments proper, containing from 6 to 30 beds each, 
and two very large galleries or corridors (originally meant for day rooms), but which 
necessity has converted, together with narrower passages, into bedrooms, to accommo- 
date the greatly redundant population of the asylum. In this division there are 3 
bath-rooms, each containing several baths, and furnished with hot and cold water 
pipes, and a shower-bath. Each of these wards has its separate mess or dining-room, 
three of them being of very large dimensions — 69, 72, and 79 feet respectively in 
length — the other two, being a part of the original structure, which was calculated 
only to accommodate 60 patients, are much too small, but will admit of expansion, 
though at considerable expense. The female division has 179 patients, who have 40 
single sleeping cells, 7 common dormitories proper, containing from 12 to 20 beds, 
and 4 dining or mess rooms, two of them being subject to the same objection as their 
counterparts on the male side, and two being very large — 84 and 73 feet respectively 
in length. Here are two bath-rooms, fitted up as on the male side, and there are 
numerous small rooms in both divisions, for the storing of clothing for immediate use, 
washing up, and stowing away mops, pails, trays, dishes, and other necessary utensils. 
The aggregate number of the inmates is at the present moment 487, who occupy the 
time and services of 36 attendants, 7 servants, 1 superintendent, 1 assistant medical 
officer, 1 clerk, 1 matron, 1 dispenser, 1 storekeeper, and 1 master attendant, all of 
whom, with the exception of the clerk and storekeeper, who reside out from want of 
accommodation, are on duty from six o'clock in the morning to half-past nine in the 
evening, and are subject to the liability of being called up at any hour of the night 
besides. For the last three years the admissions have been so enormous, averaging 
nearly 200 per annum, that the increase of the population has been about 50 every 
year. Between 1st January, 1864, and 1st January, 1865, the admissions were 197, 
of whom there were discharged cured 90 ; 14 were removed on the application of 
friends ; 14 were transferred to Parramatta, and 33 died. So that the cures were 
45*68 on the gross admissions, and 7 8 95 on the supposed curable one, the total num- 
ber leaving the asylum from all causes being 151. As regards the nationality of the 
inmates, the Irish greatly preponderate, being nearly one-third of the whole ; the 
English rank second ; then the Scotch, and then the natives and Germans. There 
have, probably, been about a dozen Italians received within the last few years, and 
half the number of French, a few Chinamen, 3 aboriginal blacks, and one or two 
natives of the Solomon and neighbouring islands. Four daily rounds are made by 
the officers, besides, of course, casual visits of necessity to the wards : one at 6 a.m., 
the getting up time, one at 9 a.m. , the principal medical inspection, which occupies 
from one to two hours according to circumstances ; an afternoon one at 3 p.m.; and 
another at 6 p.m., or 7, according to the season, when the patients are all in their 
beds. The dinners are also inspected every day, and an officer goes round on each 
side during the meal, to see that proper attention is paid by the attendants . Should 
there be any cases of serious indisposition, the medical officers make an additional 
visit at half -past 9 in the evening, and respond to any call, likewise, which occurs in 
the night. As much encouragement is given to the occupation of the patients as is 
practicable, but the number of workers, male and female, very widely fluctuates ; it 
being indisputable by any one really conversant with the wards and their inmates, 
that there is, in the majority, an invincible indisposition to be disturbed on any pre- 
text whatever but that of their own animal wants. But there is a library of several 
hundred volumes, and the books are in constant requisition, and supplied to all those 
who are desirous of using, and capable of taking care of them. 

TAHBAN CHEEK (Co. Cumberland) is a small freshwater creek, flowing at the 
back (E. side) of the village of Glades ville. The waters of this creek are dammed up 
for the use of the lunatic asylum and the Roman catholic mission house, situated on 
its W. and E. banks respectively. Tarban creek flows into the Parramatta river by 
a wide estuary. Sandstone. 

TARCATTA (or Tahcutta), 35° 12' S. lat., 147° 33' E. long. (Co. Wynyard), 
is a postal township, in the electoral district of Murrumbidgee, and police district of 
Gundagai. It is situated on the Tarcutta creek, 15 miles S. of the Murrumbidgee 
river. The district is almost exclusively pastoral, and there is a watermill, about 12 
miles S., on the creek. The nearest places are Wagga-Wagga, 30 miles W.; Gundagai, 



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3S miles N.E. , on the main S. road ; Adelong, 30 miles E. ; and Ten-Mile creek, 45 
miles S.W. With Wagga-Wagga, Gnndagai, and Ten-Mile creek, there is commnnica- 
tion by mail coach, with Adelong by horse only. With Sydney, 300 miles N. E. , the 
communication is by mail coach to Picton, and thence by rail. There is 1 hotel, the 
Horse and Jockey, in the township. The population numbers about 80 persons. The 
geological formation is granitic and schistose, with tertiary drift. 

TARCATTA CREEK {Co. Wynyard) is a fine stream, rising in Mane's range, 
and flowing by a tortuous and generally N.W. course, about 60 miles, through finely 
grassed, undulating, and lightly timbered country, into the Murrumbidgee river, about 
7 miles E. of the township of Wagga-Wagga. It flows through the township of Niui- 
itbee and Tarcatta, and, above the former place expands into a large swampy lagoon 
(the Umbango swamp), about 8 miles in length, which, in wet weather, becomes a 
large lake, visited by innumerable water fowl. The Tarcatta creek is fed by the Umbango, 
Wattle, Three-Mile and Bago creeks, and is crossed at Umutbee by the main Sydney 
and Melbourne road, via Albury, and at Tarcatta by the road from Gundagai to 
Wagga-AVagga. Along the course of the creek are numerous patqfres of excellent land, 
suitable for agriculture. Many of these are cut up into lots and 'sold or open for selec- 
tion. The geological formation is micacous schist and slate, quartzite and granite. 

TARCATTA HILL ( Co. Wynyard) is a lofty peak in the rugged range of moun- 
tains lying to the N. E. of the township of Tarcatta. Granite and slate. 

TARC0MBE STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, De Sailly, E. and G. P. ; 
area, 51,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

TARCQ0LA BLOCK (A) STATION {Darling district); occupier, Tailor, William; 
area, 62,720 acres ; grazing capability uncertain. Charges, £48. 

TARC00LA, E., STATION {Darling district) ; occupiers, Eorbes and Lockart ; 
area, 53,760 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £84. 

TARCQ0LA, OUT BACK BLOCK (A) STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, 
Phelps, J. J. ; area, 61,440 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £42. 

TARCOOLA, OUT BACK BLOCK (B) STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, 
Phelps, J. J . ; area, 62, 720 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £49. 

TABCQQLA STATION {Darling district) ; occupiers, Phelps and Leckey ; area, 
30,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £31 4s. ; new appraise- 
ment, £140. 

TARGILARI STATION (Gwydir district); occupier, Cullen, Thomas ; area, 
51,200 acres ; grazing capability, 10,000 sheep. Charges, £100. 

TARCUTTA ( Co. Wynyard). See Tarcatta. 

TAREE, 31° 54' S. lat., 152° 33' E. long. {Co. Macquarie), is a postal township 
in the electoral district of the Hastings, and police district of Manning river. It is 
situated on the N. bank of the Manning river, about 20 miles from the heads. The 
river Dawson, a tributary of the Manning river, falls into that river about 4 miles 
S.W , on the S. bank below Taree The Brothers, two high mountains near the sea 
coast, bearing N.E., and mount Talawah, bearing S.W. The district is agricultural 
and pastoral, principally the former, having rich soil on the banks of the river and 
creeks. There is 1 steam flour mill, and 1 tobacco manufactory in the township. 
The nearest places are Cundletown, situated near the confluence of the Dawson with 
the Manning river, bearing from Taree 4 miles E. N. E. ; Tinonee, situated on the S. 
bank of the Manning, and bearing from Taree about 3 miles S. W. ; and Wingham, 
situated on the N. bank of the Manning, 7 miles W.N.W. from Taree. Communi- 
cation between the above places is carried out by means of boats on the river, and of 
good roads by land. The communication between Taree and Sydney, 193 miles S., is 
by steamer once a week ; or by land, to Raymond terrace, 110 miles, and thence by 
steamer to Sydney. There are 3 hotels in Taree — the Caledonian, Dove inn, and 
Windsor Castle. The immediate vicinity of Taree is flat, but the surrounding 
country is very mountainous. The population, according to the last census, was 150. 
Taree has a post and money order office, and a court of petty sessions. The geological 
formation of the surrounding district is chiefly sandstone with occasional beds of 
limestone. 



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535 



TAEEELA PLAINS STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Campbell 
and Hay ; area, 23,040 acres ; grazing capability, 640 bead of cattle. Cbarges, £22. 

TAREELA STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Ogilvie, Mrs. Mary; 
area, 23,040 acres ; grazing capability, 1280 bead of caotle. Old cbarges, £80 ; new 
appraisement, £200. 

TARIAR0 STATION (Liverpool plains distric ) ; occupier, Munroe, Alexander; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sbeep. Old cbarges, £40 ; new appraise- 
ment, £60. 

TAS/L0 (Co. Argyle) is a postal town, in tbe parisb of Tarlo, electoral district 
of Argyle, and police district of Goulburn. It is situated on tbe river Tarlo, or 
Cookbuncloon, 10 miles from Goulburn, on the main line of road from tbat place to 
Batburst. Tbe district is an agricultural and pastoral one, tbe nearest places being 
Goulburn, 10 miles S. ; and Myrtleville, 10 miles N. ; tbe communication witb tbese 
places is by borse or dray, and witb Sydney, 138 miles N.E., is by Cobb's coacb to 
Picton, distance, 86 miles, and tbence by rail. Tbere are no hotels nearer tban Goul- 
burn. Tbe roads are under tbe control of a local board. Tbe surrounding district is 
elvated, and principally of granite formation. Tbe population of Tarlo and tbe neigh- 
bourhood numbers about 400 persons. 

TARLO (or Cookbundoon) RIVER (Co. Argyle) is a stream rising in tbe 
Carubungala flats, and flowing in a N.E. direction, through the township of Tarlo, 
for a distance of about 50 miles, when it falls into the Wollondilly river. Metamor- 
phic schists and granite. 

TARP0RLEY CREEK {Co. Darling) is a small W. tributary of the Manilla 
river, flowing through good pastoral country, and fed by Oaky creek. Hornblendic 
granite. 

TARRAC0NANGADGELL0 STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Rouse, 
Edward ; estimated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. The old 
charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £55. 

TARRAGAL LAKE ( Co. Northumberland) is a small lagoon or inlet from tbe 
sea, about a mile square, and lying in the parish of Kincumber, and about 6 miles E. 
of Gosford. Raised sand. 

TARRANGAN, E., STATION {Wellington district) ; occupier, Dalziel, David; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4 J00 sheep. The nearest post town is Warren. 
Charges, £34 10s. 

TARRAWINDA STATION (Bligh district) ; occupiers, Town, William and 
Andrew ; estimated area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sbeep. Tbe old 
cbarges were £50 ; the recently appraised rental is £50. 

W l TARRIDG0RY STATION (Bligh district) ; occupiers, White, James, and H., 
and H , and C. ; area, 30,720 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Cbarges, £60. 

TARRIEN LOWER STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Eales, John ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

TARRIEN UPPER STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Eales, John; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. Charges, £42. 

TARRUNGA ( Co. Camden) is a newly settled agricultural district, forming part 
of tbe celebrated Yarra-Wab brush. The land is exceedingly fertile, and much of 
it is taken up by free selectors, under the new land act. See Burrawang. 

TATALA STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Cadell, James; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31 5s. 

TATHRA BAY (Co. A uckland) is a small indentation in the land, sheltered from 
S. and S.W. winds. It lies 24 miles N. of Eden light, and is a place of call for 
coasters to ship produce. Moorings have been laid down for their convenience in 
4| fathoms of water. Sandstone. 

TATHRA (Co. Auckland) is a small township in the parish of Tathra, and 
electoral and police districts of Eden. It is situated at the mouth of tbe Bega river, 
and is tbe sea port of tbe township of Bega, from which it lies 7 miles distant, E. 
The communication is by borse and dray only, and with Sydney by tbe Merimbula 



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[Taw— Tee 



steamers which call there. It contains no buildings except a receiving store. Sand- 
stone. 

TAWINBANGr CREEK {Co. Roxburgh) is a small tributary of the upper part 
of the Oudgegong river, into which it flows at the village reserve of Ta^dnbang, 
through Fitzgerald's 640 acres. The geological formation is sandstone and conglome- 
rate. 

i.; TAYAN PIC {Co. Roxburgh) is a lofty peak of the Blue mountain range, lying 
at the head of the Capertee river, and about 25 miles SE. of Rylstone, on the road to 
Bowenfels, via the Capertee. This mountain attains an elevation of about -1000 feet 
above the level of the sea, and is one of the most prominent landmarks in the range. 
It is steep and rugged, and scored with vast chasms and deep ravines with precipitous 
walls of rock on either side, and is composed principally of sandstone. 

TAYLOR'S BAY ( Co. Cumberland) is a small sandy bay on the N. shore of 
port J ackson, to the E. of Bradley's head, and about 2 miles from the entrance. 
Sandstone. 

TAYLOR'S (or Birreboola) CREEK [Co. Buclcland) is a small E. tributary of 
the Yarrimanbah creek, rising in mount Many, and flowing N. through the Australian 
Agricultural company's grant of 249,600 acres of pastoral land. Upper and middle 
palaeozoic. 

TAYLOR CREEK (Co. Murray) is a stream rising in the W. slope of the Aus- 
tralian Alps, and flowing W. about 8 miles, through good country, into the E. part of 
lake George. It is crossed by the road from Bungendore to Goulburn, near its mouth. 
Metamorphic slate and granite. 

TAYLOR'S FLAT STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Stewart, A. ; area, 
8000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old charges, £20 ; new appraise- 
ment, £20. 

TAYLOR'S POINT {Co. Cumberland) is a small rocky promontory, forming the 
S. head of Careel bay, in Pitt water. Sandstone. 

TEAPOT SWAMP (Co. Bathurst) is an agricultural settlement on the old 
Lachlan road, lying 20 miles W. of Bathurst. 

TEA TREE CREEK (Co. Clarence) is a small E. tributary of the Orara river, 
crossing the road from Grafton to Nymboida. Sandstone. 

TEESDALE ( Co. Bathurst) is a postal village in the parish of Neville, electoral 
and police districts of Carcoar. It is a country district, situated near the old Lachlan 
road, and lies midway bet ween Bathurst and Cowra. The district is merely in its infancy, 
and is a very promising one. Comlin creek is situated about 1 mile N . from Teesdale ; it 
flows in a W. direction, and after a course of 20 miles empties into the Balhala, and 
which Hows into the Lachlan. Mount Lachlan is situated about 4 miles in a W. direc- 
tion. It is an isolated mountain, having an altitude of 3000 feet above the level of the 
sea. Teesdale is an agricultural and pastoral district. There is abundance of good timber 
for building purposes, such as stringy bark, white and yellow box (chiefly the former), 
supplying Carcoar, Bathurst, Blayney, Cowra, and the surrounding district. Carcoar 
is the nearest township. It is situated about 12 miles, in a W. direction, from Tees- 
dale ; it lies in a valley, and is situated on the Bulubula creek. Blayney lies N. from 
Teesdale, situated on a beautiful plain ; Number One village, or Leamington, lies 
about 3 miles W. from Teesdale. The means of communication between the above 
places are by horse and dray only. The best means of communication between Tees- 
dale and Sydney, 150 miles E.N.E., are by coach from Blayney to Penrith, and 
thence by rail. There is 1 hotel in Teesdale, the Sir Charles Fitzroy. Teesdale is 
under the control of the magistracy of Carcoar. The country to the S. of Teesdale 
is very mountainous, and the formation is principally of trap, granite, and limestone, 
and is well suited for grazing x>urposes. E., W., and N. is a fine open country, with 
a few exceptions, and the principal part of the soil is well suited for agricultural pur- 
suits. This portion may be considered an undulating country, consisting of red and 
black soil. There are gold, copper, iron, and silver in the district, but they are not 
thoroughly developed. There is a silver mine situated about 8 miles in a S. direction 
from Teesdale, but owing to the inconvenience of transit is not at work. The climate 
of this locality, owing to the elevation, exhibits extremes similar to those in New 
England. In winter it is very cold, there being often great falls of snow, and in 



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537 



summer it is exceedingly hot. The population of Teesdale and the suburbs numbers 
about 300 persons. 

TELEGAREE BROOK {Co. Gloucester) is a small stream, flowing into the 
Karuah river, near the township of Stroud. Sandstone and shale. 

TELEGRAM CREEK ( Co. Dudley) is a small W. tributary of the Comara 
creek. Sandstone and shale. 

TELEGRAPH, THE {Co. Wellesley) is a lofty peak, standing detached in a 
small plain between the Camalong and Native Dog creeks, about 18 miles N. of Bom- 
bala. Metamorphic slate and basalt. 

TELLA LAKE ( Co. Caira) is a lagoon, lying on the E. bank of the Murrum- 
bidgee river, about 8 miles N.E. of Balranald, and on the road from Victoria (via 
Swan hill) to Oxley, Booligal, &c. Older pliocene tertiary. 

TELLARAGA STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupier, Single, Joseph D. ; area, 
59,520 acres; grazing capability, 1120 head of cattle. The old charges were £70; 
the recently appraised rental is £162 10s. 

TELTAW0NGEE STATION {Albert district); occupier, Howitt, Alfred ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £10. 

TEMI MOUNT {Co. Buckland) is a peak of the Liverpool range, lying about 
12 miles S.S.E. of the township of Wallabadah, and the same distance N. of Mur- 
rurundi, and attaining an elevation of 4000 feet above the level of the sea. The 
geological formation is older volcanic, consisting of basalt dolorite, anarnesite, lava, 
and ash conglomerate breccia. 

TEMMAL0NG CREEK {Co. Forbes). See Towgall Creek. 

TEM0IN STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Walker and Cornish ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is War- 
ren. Charges, £30. 

TEMPE {Co. Cumberland) is a small village, lying on the N. side of Cook's 
river, at the spot where the Illawarra road crosses that river by the Cook's river 
dam. It lies about 5 miles S.S.W. of Sydney, to which place busses run through the 
day. There are 4 hotels in the village, and on the road side — the Bulkeley (Row's), 
Victoria, (Martin's), Hero of Waterloo (Thompson's), and Earners' Arms (McAuley's.) 
There is a lime burning place on the bank of the river. Sandstone. 

TEMPE STATION {Clarence district); occupiers, Bundock, Barnes, and Smith ; 
area, 16,500 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. Charges, £40. 

TENANDRA CREEK {Co. Bathurst) is a small tributary of the Belubula river, 
in the parishes of Tenandra and Chaucer. It flows through some good agricultural 
land. Sandstone, with alluvial deposit. 

TENANDRA STATION (BUgh district) ; occupiers, Wentworth and Christie; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£6i 17s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £75. 

TENANDRI STATION {Bligh district); occupier, Rouse, George ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £40 ; new appraisement, £50. 

TEN-MILE CREEK {Co. Goulburn). See Germanton. 

TEN-MILE CREEK {Co. Goulburn) is a tributary of the Billabung creek, 
rising in mount Pleasant, and flowing through rugged pastoral country, about 16 miles, 
into the main stream, It crosses the main road and telegraph line from Albury to 
Sydney, at the township of Germanton, and is fed by the Four-mile creek, which falls 
into it in a grassy flat, about 4 miles N.W. of Germanton. Purtell and Dalton, S. 
Bowler, T. H. Bardwell, and others, have agricultural land at various places along the 
creek. The geological formation is schistose, with outcropping granite and alluvial 
deposit. 

TEN-MILE CREEK {Co. Macquarie) is a small drainage creek, flowing through 
rugged cedar country into lake Innes. Sandstone, shale, and limestone. 

TEN-MILE CREEK STATION [Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Bowker, 
Samuel; area, 11,411 acres ; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. ""Old charges, 
£40 ; new appraisement, £33. 



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TEN-MILE CREEK STATION {Murrumbidgee district); occupier, Bowker, 
Samuel ; area, 10,663 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. Old charges, £32 10s. 
new appraisement, £21. 

TEN-MILE CREEK STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Purtell and 
Dalton ; estimated area, 20, 054 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The 
old charges were £32 10s. ; the recently appraised rental is £65. 

TEN-MILE CREEK {Co. Narromine, Bligh district) is an E. tributary of the 
upper Bogan river, rising in Hervey's range, near Gingham gap, and flowing through 
flat sandy country, taken up for pastoral purposes, about 20 miles in a W. direction. 
It is fed by the Burril creek. The geological formation is lower palaeozoic and plio- 
cene tertiary. 

TEN-MILE PLAINS STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Pater, John ; 
area, 38,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Booli- 
gal. Charges, £30 4s. 

TENNANT MOUNT ( Co. Cowley) is a lofty detached peak, lying on the W. 
bank of the Murrumbidgee river, near the village of Tharwa. It belongs to the Mur- 
rumbidgee range of mountains, although it is partially detached from them. The 
summit of this mountain consists of blocks of grey felsparic granite, passing about 30 
feet below into a parti-coloured rock, like Cornish granite, and also into a laminated 
black granite. On the the N. ^ide a spur runs to the W. , consisting, about 200 feet 
from the summit, of laminated gneissiform granite, in which occur nodular mica 
schist, and talc schist and steaschist, with leptenite and protogene passing back on 
the descent of the mountain into protogene and true granite. On the S. side gneissi- 
form dykes contain emeralds. On the slopes of this mountain are numerous hollowed 
blocks of decomposed granite, bearing attrited pebbles of quartz, much water or air 
worn. 

TENTERDEN STATION (New England district) ; occupiers, Everitt, G. Jno. 
and Edwin ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 12,000 sheep. The old charges 
were £120 ; the recently appraised rental is £168. 

TENTERFIELD, 29° 4' S. lat., 152° E. long. {Co. Olive), is a postal township 
in the electoral and police districts of Tenterfield. It lies on the Tenterfield creek, 
the Mole river running 15 miles S.W. by W., and the Bluff river 12 miles S. Tenter- 
field is situated in the extensive district of New England, and is the most N. large 
township of the colony of New South Wales, lying within 12 miles of the nearest 
point in Queensland, and about 100 miles W. of the coast. Its history does not date 
very far back, its rise to the importance of a township having taken place five or six 
years ago, consequent upon the opening of several gold fields in the immediate neigh- 
bourhood. From that period it has progressed very rapidly in population ; indeed, 
on an average, far in excess of any other township in the colony. As a fair criterion 
of the present position of Tenterfield, it may be observed there are 5 large public 
houses, one or two of which rank as high in style as any to be found in the Northern 
road, and 5 stores. A fine church of England stands in a prominent position in the 
leading street, and a Roman catholic church is on the eve of being erected. Taking 
into consideration that the gold fields extend over an area of about 100 miles, 
some of which promise very large yields, and that the culture of the soil in the neigh- 
bourhood is yearly increasing, Tenterfield will, doubtless, ere long, spring up into a 
very important township. Tenterfield has a steam flour mill (Riley and Cowper's), a 
tannery and curriery, and a flour mill worked by water at Bolivia, 20 miles from the 
township. A fine expanse of table land stretches out in every direction, which bears 
a very large number of sheep and cattle, the profits from which have created many 
wealthy squatters in New England. Agricultural pursuits claim a very fair share of 
attention. The auriferous character of a vast extent of country affords profitable 
occupation to a few diggers. The alluvial diggings are carried on at the table land,' 
where there are about 150 inhabitants, including Chinese. There is a quartz reef at 
Boonooboonoo, which is not now worked to any extent. The nearest township on the 
N. is Warwick (Queensland), situated about 80 miles distant. The nearest township 
on the S. is Glen Innes, about 60 miles ; and on the E., Timbarra township, 18 miles 
distant. The communication is on horseback. The roads are good, and goods are 
easily conveyed by means of bullock teams. The shortest route to Sydney, 431 miles 
S., is via Lawrence, Clarence river, distant about 100 miles, and thence by steamer to 



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539 



Sydney. To travel via, Brisbane is at present less expensive, and far more pleasant 
than by Lawrence. A good line of road carries the whole traffic of the N. portion of 
New England to and from the shipping port of Grafton. A hospital has been erected 
as a memorial of the late Prince Consort, and is called the Prince Albert Memorial 
hospital of Tenterfield, capable of accommodating 20 patients. The institution has 
very recently been opened. The hotels are the Royal (Baker's), Tenterfield (Sullivan's), 
Shearers' Arms (Curry's), Horse and Jockey inn (Whereat's), and Court House 
(Fage's). Tenterfield has a post and money order office, a telegraph office, a court 
house (where the quarter and petty sessions and district courts are held), and branches 
of the Australian Joint Stock bank, and the European, and Australian Mutual 
Provident insurance offices. There are also several good stores and a National school 
in the township. Tenterfield has a newspaper, the Tenterfield Chronicle. The sur- 
rounding country is mountainous, the geological formation being mostly granite. The 
population numbers about 700 persons. 

The Tenterfield electoral district embraces the N. portion of the pastoral district 
of New England, and a small portion of that of Darling downs ; and is bounded on 
the N., from the Great dividing range, by a line bearing W. to the poirit where the 
Darling downs road crosses Quart-pot creek ; thence by a line bearing N. W. to the 
range dividing the waters of the Dumaresq river (known also as the Severn), from 
those of the Macintyre brook; and by that range, W. , to a point due N. of the 
N.W. corner of the New England district ; on the W. by a line to the said corner, 
and by the W. boundary of the New England district, being the W. extreme of the 
table laad, to the Bundarra or Gwydir river, and by that river, upward, to the 
confluence of Tienga creek ; thence, on the S., by the N. watershed of Tienga 
creek, the range dividing the waters of that creek and Cope's creek and the range 
dividing the waters of the Macintyre and Gwydir rivers, to Ben Lomond ; and 
thence by the range forming the S. watershed of the Clarence river, to the E. boun- 
dary of the New England district ; on the E. by that boundary N., being a line N. 
from mount Werrikimbe, to a point E. of the Bolivia range, by a line W , to a point 
S. of the point on the (N.,) Rocky river, about 5 miles E. of Frocester, where the 
banks close in abruptly, and by a line N. , crossing the Rocky river at that point, to 
the Great Dividing range ; and again on the N. by that range, S.W., to the point E. 
of the crossing place of the Darling Downs road, over Quart-pot creek, aforesaid. 
This electorate comprises the town and country districts of Tenterfield and Wellin- 
grove, and returns 1 member to the Legislative Assembly, the present representative 
being H. Gordon, Esq. The number of registered electors in this district is 938, of 
whom 551 voted at the last general election— 1864-1865. 

Tenterfield is a police district, embracing the N. portion of the pastoral district 
of New England, and a small portion of that of Clarence ; and bounded on the N , 
from the Great Dividing range, by part of the boundary dividing the colonies of New 
South Wales and Queensland, being the range forming the N. watershed of Tenter- 
field creek, westerly, to the confluence of that creek with the Dumaresq river, and 
that river, downwards, to the N.W. corner of the New England pastoral district ; on 
the W. by the W. boundary of the New England district, being the W. extreme of 
the table land ; on the S. by the range forming the N. watershed of the river Severn, 
the Bolivia range, and a line bearing E. to a point S. of the point on the Timbarra or 
Northern Rocky river, about 5 miles E. of Frocester, where the banks close in 
abruptly ; on the E. by a line N. ; crossing the Timbarra or Northern Rocky river at 
that point, to the Great Dividing range ; and on the N. W. by that range, being part 
of the boundary dividing the colonies of New South Wales and Queensland, westerly 
and southerly, to the range forming the N. watershed of Tenterfield creek, aforesaid. 
The place of petty sessions is Tenterfield. 

TENTERFIELD CREEK [New England district) is a S. tributary of the 
Dumaresq river, rising in the W. slope of the Australian Alps, near Tenterfield, and 
flowing past that township, through good pastoral country, in a W. direction about 
50 miles, into the Dumaresq, which river it joins in the colony of Queensland, about 
6 miles over the border line. The Tenterfield creek is fed by the Washpool and several 
other unimportant creeks. The geological formation is mostly granitic. 

TENTERFIELD STATION {New England district) • occupier, Donaldson, S. A; 
area, 180,000 acres ; grazing capability, 25,000 sheep. The nearest post town is Tenter- 
field. The old charges were £255 6s. 3d. ; the recently ax^praised rental is £350. 



540 



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[Ter 



TERABEILE CREEK {Co. Gowen, Bligh district) is a creek draining the flat 
pastoral country lying to the E. of the township of Terabile, at which place it flows 
into the Castlereagh river. Palaeozoic, with pliocene tertiary drift. 

TEH ALB A FLAT {Co. Northumberland) is a tract of flat pasture land, lying on 
Cockle creek, to the N. W. of lake Macquarie, in the parish of Teralba, and about 10 miles 
S.W. of Newcastle. This flat is bounded on the W. by the Sugar Loaf range, and is 
watered by Fligg's creek. Sandstone and alluvial deposit. 

TERALGA, 34° 27' S. lat. , 149° 50' E. long. ( Co. Argyle), is a postal township, 
in the parish of Teralga, electoral district of Argyle, and police district of Goulburn. 
It is situated on the Teralga creek, the Abercrombie river being 12 miles N. ; the 
Woolshed creek, 2\ miles N. ; and the Guinecor creek, 2£ miles W. The district is 
rather hilly, and well adapted for agricultural pursuits. In the neighbourhood, about 
Guinecor creek, and Marr's forest, there are signs of gold-bearing quartz, as there are 
also on the Abercrombie river. There is a steam saw mill and a tannery in the town- 
ship. The nearest places are Myrtle ville, 6 miles S. ; Bunnaby, 8 miles N.E. ; and 
Goulburn, 35 miles S. With these places the communication is by horse or dray, and 
with Sydney, 153 miles, from Goulburn by Cobb's coach to Penrith and thence by 
rail. A nearer road might easily be made, however, via Swallowtail and Bunnaby, to 
Batkurst, by which a saving of about 45 miles might be made. Teralga has 3 hotels, 
the Anvil (Donohoe's), Buckland (Tynan's), and Royal (M'Cormack's). The roads are 
under the control of the Goiilburn and Teralga road trust. Teralga has a post office, 
3 stores, a police barrack, a Presbyterian and a Roman catholic church, and a National 
and a Denominational school. The population numbers about 110 persons, the number 
of dwellings being 24. The geological formation is metamorphic slate and occasional 
beds of limestone. 

TERALGA CREEK {Co. Argyle) . See Guinecor Creek. 

TERANGAN, BACK OF, STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Lee, 
William; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £50 5s. 

TERANGr CREEK {Co. Northumberland) is a small E. tributary of the head of 
the Wyong creek. Sandstone. 

TER A WIND A STATION {Albert district) ; occupiers, Clarke, Farquharson, and 
Co. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

TEREBERIMBRA CREEK STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, uncer- 
tain ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

TERREL MOUNT {Co. Buckland) is a peak of the Liverpool range, lying near 
the road from Merriwa to Breeza, about 24 miles W. of Murrurundi. It is estimated 
by the Rev. W. B. Clarke to have an altitude of 4000 feet above the level of the sea. 
W. C. Went worth has 640 acres at the N. foot of this mountain. Older volcanic. 

TEREMBDNE, N., STATION {Bligh district) occupiers, Dangar and Gilchrist ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31. 

TEREMBQNE, S., STATION {Bligh district) occupiers, Dangar and Gilchrist ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31. 

TERIAB0BA, BACK STATION ( Warrego district); occupiers, Thorald and 
Tisdall ; area, 41,600 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

TERIAB0LA STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Thorold, R. H. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

TERILBAH {Co. Northumberland) is the S. head of the opening from the sea 
into the Tuggerah Beach lake. J. E. Manning has 640 acres here. Raised sand. 

TERRAMANGrAMIE STATION {BVgh district) ; occupier, M'Phillamy, 
Charles ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were 
£40 ; the recently appraised rental is £30. 

TERREBILNALAH STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Andrews, 
John; area, 12,000 acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. Charges, £35. 

TERRERG-EE MOUNT (Co. Courallie) is a lofty and precipitous peak of the 
Nundewar range of mountains, lying about 36 miles to the N.E. of the township of 
Narrabri, and to the W. of the Horton river. Red trap rock. 



Ter — The] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



541 



TERRIANA CREEK {Co. Rous) is a small tributary of the N. arm of the 
Richmond River, flowing into it about 6 miles N.W. of Lismore, through scrubby, 
but good agricultural land. Silurian sandstone. 

TERRIARO (Co. Nandewar) is a small agricultural hamlet, lying a few miles 
from Narrabri. There is one hotel (Cozen's). Granite, with deep black alluvial 
deposit. 

TERRIBLE VALE STATION [New England, district) • occupier, Taylor, 
W. T. ; area, 40,320 acres ; grazing capability, 12,000 sheep. Old charges, £120 ; 
recently appraised rental, £150. 

TERRIG0NG- SWAMP (Co. Camden) is a large tract of swampy land, lying 
near Kiama. 

TERRYAWEYNYA CREEK [Co. Livingstone, Albert district) is a small 
creek, often dry, flowing from, and carrying the overflow of, the Talyawalka creek 
into the Terryaweynya lake. It flows through a flat sandy plain, with myall and 
honeysuckle scrub. The geological formation of the country through which it flow3 
is pliocene tertiary, with fluviatile deposit. 

TERRYAWEYNYA LAKE (Co. Livingstone) is an expansion of the creek of 
the same name, and of the Talyawalka Ana branch of the Darling river. Pliocene 
tertiary. 

TERRYAWEYNYA STATION (Darling district); occupiers, Staughton, S. F., 
S. T., and S. G. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Perry. Charges, £30. 

TERRYAWEYNYA, INNER, W., STATION {Darling district) ; occupiers, 
Staughton, S. F., S. T, and'S. G.; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. 
The nearest post town is Perry. Charges, £30. 

TERRY HI-HI STATION (Owydir district) ; occupier, Bowman, George ; area, 
43,200 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £90 ; the recently 
appraised rental is £210. 

TERVINE STATION [Hanaro district) ; occupier, Stewart, Andrew ; area, 
6400 acres j grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £42 10s. 

TEXAS (Half Queensland) STATION (Gwydlr district) ; occupiers, Morehead 
and Young ; area, 100,000 acres; grazing capability, 3000 head of cattle. Old charges, 
£92 16s. 3d. ; the recently appraised rental is £132. 

THALABA CREEK (C). Denham, Liverpool plains district) is a creek rising in 
the flat country in the N. of the district, and conveying the overflow of the Collitarala 
lagoon into the Barwon, or upper Darling river. It is crossed by the N. road from 
Wee-Waa. Granite, with alluvial deposit. 

THALABA, N., STATION (Liverpool plains district); occupier, Richardson 
Alex. H. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

THALABA STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Richardson, 
Alex. H. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

THE ISLAND STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Mort, Cameron, and 
Buchanan ; area, 23, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £42 16s. 3d. ; the recently appraised rental is £100. 

THE OAKS STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, McPhillamy, John ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £25 
10s. ; the recently appraised rental is £50. 

THE PLAINS STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Keenan, James ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £34 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £40. 

THERAB0NE STATION (Blvjh district) ; occupiers, Dangar, Gilchrist, and 
Dangar ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. Charges, £50. 

THERIBRY STATION (Liverpool jilains district) ; occupier, Onus, Joseph; 
area, 51,200 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old charges, £40; new 
appraisement, £102. 



542 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



[The— Thr 



THEROLONONG MOUNT (Co. Murray) is the highest peak of the Cullarin 
range, attaining an elevation of 3108 feet above the level of the sea. Metamorphie 

THE ROCK STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Sprole and Harris ; area, 
21, 120 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £58 6s. 8d. 

TH0C0 STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Wright, J. S. ; area, 5500 acres ; 
grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Charges, £13. 

TH0LL0LAB0Y AND TELLELAB0Y STATION {Lachlan district); occupier, 
Ramsay, David ; area, 64, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

TH0MA.S MOUNT (Co. Sandon) is a small detached peak, lying about 3 miles 
S.W. of Armidale, in the parish of Butler. Hornblendic granite. 

THOMPSON (Co. Vernon) is a small settlement, lying about 20 miles N.E. 
of Walcha. 

THOMPSON'S CREEK (Co. Brisbane) is a W. tributary of the Dartbrook. 
Sandstone. 

THOMPSON'S CREEK ( Co. Georgiana) is a fine auriferous stream, rising in. 
the low ranges to the N.E. of the Tuena gold fields, and flowing S.W. into the Aber- 
crombie river at Bombah, on those gold fields, after a course of about 25 miles 
through broken country. It is fed by the Burangylong or Grove creek. Slate and 
limestone. 

TH0NE CREEK (Co. Macquarie) is a_small S. tributary of the Hastings river. 
Sandstone. 

THQN0NGA, LOWER N, STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, McMillan 
and Franklin, Jno. ; area, 38, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Booligal. Charges, £32 10s. 

TH0N0NGA OUTER N. STATION (Lachlan district); occupier, Suttor, J. 
B. ; area, 36,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Booligal. Charges, £32 10s. 

TH0N0NGA, UPPER N., STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Suttor, J. 
B. ; area, 37, 120 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Booligal. Charges, £32 10s. 

TH00LAB00L MOUNT (Albert district) is a large flat-topped hill, lying on the 
W. bank of the Darling river, about 100 miles S. W. from Bourke. Sandstone. 

TH00L0 No. 3 STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Pdchards, Ben- 
jamin ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £32 10s. 

THQRNTHWAITE (Co. Brisbane) is a postal hamlet in the electoral district of 
upper Hunter, and police district of Scone. It is situated on private property, on a 
cross line of post road from Scone to Merriwa, and on the Dartbrook, at an elevation 
of 200 feet above sea level. The Liverpool range of mountains bear N.W. distant 7 
miles. The district is mostly pastoral, although there are numerous small agricultural 
farms scattered round. The nearest places are Scone, 12 miles E. ; Merriwa, 30 miles 
W. S. W. ; and Musclebrook, 25 miles S. S. E. ; there being no regular means of commu- 
nication. With Sydney, 166 miles S., the communication is by coach from Scone to 
Singleton, thence by rail to Newcastle, and thence by steamer. The surrounding 
country consists of a series of narrow valleys, running between spurs projecting at right 
angles from the Liverpool range. The flats are alluvial, formed by the detritus of the 
surrounding hills, which are of trap, bursting through a low range of sandstone and 
conglomerate. The population of the district numbers about 220 persons. 

TH0ULC0NNA, E., STATION (Albert district); occupiers, Hood and Tor- 
rence ; area, 24,800 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £44. 

TH0ULC0NNA, W. STATION (Albert district); occupier, CampbeU, Telford J.; 
area, 22,400 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. C-iarges, £22. 

THREE BROTHERS ( Co. Bathurst) are 3 lofty and conspicuous peaks, stand- 
ing grouped together, or, more properly, a triple-peaked detached mountain, at the 
head of the Fitzgerald's, Queen Charlotte's vale, and Caloola creeks. They lie about 



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543 



10 miles S.E. of the township of Blayney, and attain a considerable elevation. 
Granite, metaniorphic slate, and limestone. 

THREE BROTHERS (Co. Cumberland) is the name applied to three rocks, lying 
awash at high tide, on the N. side of the Parramatta river, opposite Fig Tree bay, 
and between Five Dock point and the Bedlam ferry. Sandstone. 

THREE BROTHERS ( Co. Macquarie) are three remarkable hills, contiguous to 
each other, extending from 1 to 5 miles in shore, and forming the E. extremity of a high 
range, stretching out from the interior ; the N. hill, which rises N. \ E., 33 miles from 
cape Hawke, and is the broadest, most elevated, and nearest to the sea, being visible at 
about 50 miles from a vessel's deck. It is an excellent mark when making or passing 
along the coast ; from this hill a low point runs out to the N.E. about 5 miles. Sand- 
stone. 

THREE HILLS {Co. Goulburn) is a group of detached hills, lying to the W. of 
the Mullanjandra reserve, in the parish of that name. They consist of schist and 
granite, and are rugged and scrubby in the extreme. 

THREE HILLS ( Co. Wellington) is a small diggings, forming part of the Stony 
creek gold held, and lying from 3 to 5 miles W. of Ironbarks, the head quarters of that 
gold field. Metaniorphic slate and limestone. 

THREE-MILE CREEK {Co. Wynyard) is a small drainage creek, flowing W. 
into the head of Tarcatta creek. Granite and schist. 

THREE-MILE FLAT {Co. A uckland) is a tract of good pastoral land, lying on the 
upper part of the Bemboka river, and on the Colombo creek, and on the road from 
Bega and Panbula to Cooma, about 30 miles W. of Bega. Trap rock, with good 
alluvial soil. 

THUARA STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Eagan, Bryant ; area, 
16,600 acres ; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

THUARA, W, STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Eagan, Bryant; area, 
]6,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £32 10s. 

THULE^STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Caldwell, R. Gavin ; esti- 
mated area, 67,640 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Deniliquin. The old charges were £80 ; the recently appraised rental is £210. 

THULLY SPRING STATION ( Warrego district) ■ occupiers, Watt, J. B. and 
Walker, W. G. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges 
£32. 

THURG0NA (or Woolshed) CREEK (Co. Goulburn), a small creek falling into 
the Murray river, about 4 miles E. of Albury. Elizabeth Mitchell has 3727 acres on 
this creek, and the neighbourhood is taken up in small allotments. Granite and 
schist. 

THURR0WA STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Wilson Brothers ; 
area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £80 15s. 

TIABUNDIE (or Irox Bark) CREEK (Co. Darling) is an auriferous creek, 
flowing through the Iron Bark gold field into the Nangahra creek. The geological 
formation is hornblendic granite, similar to that of the Ovens diggings, in the detritus 
of^ which gold, associated with garnets, sapphires, and tin ore, is found. 

TIANGARA (Co. St. Vincent) is a small agricultural village, lying on the 
head of the Yalwall creek, and on the road from Nowra to Nerriga. Trap rock, granite, 
and limestone. 

TIA RIVER (Co. Vernon) is a S. tributary of the Apsley river, flowing amidst 
the rugged mountainous country described by Oxley (see Apsley River), into the 
main stream, about 12 miles below the Apsley falls. At the place of junction are 
immense perpendicular cliffs of blue slate, broken into chasms and rifts in all direc- 
tions. There is a fine waterfall on this river, about 5 miles from its mouth. Granite 
and slate. 

TIARA STATION (New England district) ■ occupier, McCarthy, Rev. Timothy 
area, 10,240 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £40. 

TIARA STATION (Neio England district) ■ occupiers, Allan, Street, and 



544 



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[Tia— Til 



Norton ; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. Old charges, £70 ; new- 
appraisement, £150. 

TIARRA CREEK (Co. Vernon) is a small S. tributary of the Apsley river, 
falling into it near and below the Apsley fall. Granite and slate. 

TIBIRENAH STATION {Liverpool 2 )lains district) ; occupier, Mort, Cameron, 
and Buchanan ; area, 51,200 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. Old 
charges, £100 ; new appraisement, £80. 

TICC0 STATION {Warrego district); occupier, Lord, G. W. ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 5s. 

TICEHURST STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, De Sailly, G-. P. ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £35. 

TICEHURST STATION" {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Brougham, J. ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £34. 

TIDBINBILLA CREEK (or River) {Co. Cowley) is a tributary of the Cotter 
river, rising in the broken country to the S.E. of mount Tidbinbilla, and flowing N. 
through the valley formed by that mountain and mount Gibraltar. It waters some 
good pastoral country, and falls into the Cotter near its confluence with the Mur- 
rumbidgee, after a course of about 20 miles, during which it receives the waters of the 
Gibraltar and Hurdle creeks. Granite and trap rock. 

TINBINBILLA PEAK {Co. Cowley) is a high hill, lying to the W. of the 
Molonglo river, the Cotter river separating it from the Murrumbidgee range, to which 
it appears to belong. Granite and limestone. 

TIDBINBILLA STATION (Monaro district); occupier, Webb, George; area> 
20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Charges, £33 8s. 9d. 

TIENGAH STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Darby, Sydney H. ; 
area, 80,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle and 16,000 sheep. The 
old charges were £200 ; the recently appraised rental is £260. 

TILBA-TILBA CREEK (Co. Dampier) is a small inlet of the,sea, lying about a 
mile S. of Barbinga head. Sandstone and raised sand. 

TILBUSTER PONDS {Co. Sandori) is the name applied to a series of water- 
holes, usually connected by a running stream, rising near the Devil's pinch, on the 
main road from Armidale to the N., and flowing S. and S.E. , through fine pastoral 
country to the E. of Armidale, to its junction with the Gyra river, near the Great 
falls, the two forming the Macleay river. It is fed by the Dumaresq and Puddledock 
creeks. Hornblendic granite, slate, and limestone. 

TILBUSTER STATION [New England district); occupier, Dumaresq, William ; 
area, 62,620 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 head of cattle and 12, GOO sheep. The 
nearest post town is Uralla. Old charges, £243 15s. ; newly appraised rental, £145. 

TILGA STATION {Wellington district) ; occupier, Cody, Edward; area, 12,800 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the recently ap- 
praised rental is £40. 

TILLARA CREEK (Co. Taila, Darling district) is a small tributary of the 
Murray river, flowing W. from the W. slope of mount Waldania, through a pastoral 
country, covered with dense mallee scrub. The geological formation is older pliocene 
tertiary. 

TILLIGERRY CREEK (Co. Durham) is a small stream, flowing into the S. part 
of port Stephens. Sandstone. 

TILRING0 CREEK ( Co. St. Vincent) is a small S. tributary of the Endrick 
river, flowing into it a few miles N. W. of N erriga. Schistose. 

TILSON OUTER STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Fletcher, G. B. ; 
area, 51,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

TIL-TIL STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Tyson, Peter ; area, 64,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Booligal. 
Charges, £30 5s. 

TILTAS STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Fletcher, Dugald ; area, 
30,720 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 4s. 



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The New South W ales Gazetteer. 



545 



TIMBARRA (or Drake, or Fairfield), 2S° 54' S. lat., 152 J 22' E. long. (Co. 
Drake), is a postal township in the electoral district of the Clarence, and police dis- 
trict of Richmond. It is situated on the Plumbago creek, and on the maiu line of 
road between Grafton and Tenterfield. There are two rivers — the Timbarra (aurife- 
rous), running through precipitous mountains 12 miles S. , and the Clarence. 15 miles 
E., passing through numerous hats, well grassed and timbered, and well adapted for 
agricultural purposes, together with many creeks, too numerous to particularise. 
Timbarra is in a pastoral as well as a mining district, the names of the dig- 
gings are Fairfield, Pretty gully, 15 miles ; Tooloom, 30 miles ; Tableland, 12 
miles ; Molera, 20 miles — all alluvial. The nearest townships to Timbarra is 
Tabulam, 15 miles E., and Tenterfield, 35 miles W. There is no public conveyance 
to these places ; the mail passes and repasses twice a week. With Sydney, 521 miles 
S.E., the communication is by steamer from Grafton. Timbarra has a court of petty 
sessions and a post office. There is but one hotel, Smith's Family hotel. The sur- 
rounding country is undulating, backed up with high mountains, chiefly of granitic 
formation, but coal, limestone, and marble are also to be found in the neighbourhood. 
The population of Timbarra is about 50 persons, with about 1000 miners in the dis- 
trict. 

TIMBARRA GOLD FIELD (Co. Drake) is an alluvial diggings, lying on - the 
Demon and Timbarra creeks, about 20 miles S. W. of Tabulam. This gold field in- 
cludes generally the Tooloom, Pretty gully, and Boonoo diggings. The geological 
formation is granite and metamorphic slate. The quantity of gold received by escort 
from the Timbarra gold fields, during the year 1884, was 6195 ounces, which, at £3 
12s. 7d. per ounce, was of the total value of £22,483 10s. 5d. During the year 1884 
were issued 380 miners' rights, 31 business licenses, and one lease of 500 yards of 
river bed. 

TIMBARRA RIVULET (Co. Drake) is a fine stream rising in the ranges to the 
E. of Severn, and flowing N. into the upper part of the Clarence river. The lower part 
of this rivulet is auriferous, and waters the Timbarra gold field. It is fed by the Demon, 
West, and East creeks. Granite and metamorphic slate, with occasional beds of red 
sandstone. 

TIMBERRYBUNGAN BLOCK (A) No. 1 STATION (Wellington district); 
occupier, McPhillamy, Charles ; area, 14, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. 
Charges, £32 10s. 

TIMBERRYBUNGAN BLOCK (B) No. 2 STATION (Wellington district); 
occupier, McPhillamy, Charles ; area, 14,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep 
Charges, £32 10s. 

TINAGROO MOUNT ( Co. Buckland) is a peak of the Liverpool range, lying 
about 10 miles W. of Murrurundi, and attaining an altitude of 4000 feet, as estimated 
by the Rev. W. B. Clarke. Older volcanic. 

TINANDRY CREEK {Co. Gowen, Bligh district) is a tributary of the Parmne 
creek, rising in mount Boreable, and flowing W. through flat pastoral country. Plio- 
cene tertiary. 

. TINDAYERY (or Merrere Back) STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, 
Smith, J. T. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

TINDERRY (or Colinton) (Co. Beresford) is a small (recently proclaimed) 
township in the electoral district of Monaro, and police district of Cooma. It is 
situated on Colyer's creek, an E. tributary of the Murrumbidgee, and about 8 miles 
N. of the Bredbo river, on the road from Queanbeyan, via Michelago to Cooma, 10 
miles S. of Michelago, and 60 miles N. of Cooma, there being communication by coach 
with both places. With Sydney, 228 miles N.E., the communication is by mail 
coach, via Queanbeyan and Goulburn to Picton, and thence by rail. The township is 
as yet, owing principally to the falling off in the Kiandra gold field, and the conse- 
quent cessation of traffic, in a backward state. There is one hotel, the Full and 
Plenty, which almost constitutes the whole of the township. Another one was built 
but it was lately destroyed by fire. Allotments have been sold, but have not been 
impros r ed upon. The district is undulating, and well grssed and timbered. The geo- 
logical formation is principally granite and limestone. The population at present 
numbers only 10 persons. 



546 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



[Tin— Tir 



TTNDERRY CREEK {Co. Murray and Beresford) is a small tributary of the 
Queanbeyan river, flowing from the Tiuderry peak, about 12 miles N,E. This creek 
forms part of the boundary between the two counties. Also, a small 1ST. tributary of 
the Bredbo river. It flows through scrubby pastoral country, and is fed by Ryan's 
creek. The geological formation is slightly hornblendic granite, in some of which, 
decomposed, gold has been detected. 

TINDERRY RANGE (Cos. Beresford and Murray) is a chain of lofty moun- 
tains, running from N. to S., in the N. part of Beresford, and the S. of Murray. 
These mountains run in a line between the Murrumbidgee and Queanbeyan rivers, the 
S. point being at the head of Ryan's creek, and on the road from Cooma to Braid- 
wood, about 4 miles N.E. of the village of Bredbo, and the N. point known as the 
Twins, or Tiuderry Pic, and from it flow the Tiuderry creek to the N.E. into the 
Queanbeyan river, and the Michelago creek to the W. into the Murrumbidgee river. 
The geological formation is granite, with scarcely any vegetation. 

TINDREY'S STATION (Monaro district) ; occupiers, Ryrie Brothers ; area, 
15,330 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £58 8s. 9d. 

TINGARAJAH CREEK (Co. Northumberland) is a smaU tributary of the 
Mangrove creek. Sandstone. 

TIMOR ( Co. Brisbane) is a small agricultural settlement, lying about 15 miles 
from Murrurundi, in an E. direction. 

TIMOR MOUNT ( Co. Le ; chhardt) is a high peak of the Warrabungle range, lying 
at the head of the Castlereagh river, and about 4 miles "VV. of Coonabarabran. Granite 
and metamorphic slate. 

TINKER'S CREEK (Co. Cowley) is a W. tributary of the Murrumbidgee 
river, flowing past the N. foot of Pig hill. Granite and trap rock. 

TIN KETTLE CREEK (Co. Cumberland) is a small stream flowing near 
Cabramatta. At a distance of about 20 miles from Vanderville valuable discoveries 
of kerosene shale have been made on this creek. Sandstone. 

TIN KETTLE CREEK (Co. Westmoreland) is a W. tributary creek of the Wol- 
londilly river, rising near mount Colong. Sandstone. 

TIN0NEE, 31° 37' S. lat., 152° 25' E. long. (Co. Gloucester), is a postal town- 
ship, in the parish of Wingham, electoral district of the Hastings, and police district 
of Manning river. It is situated on the S. bank of the Manning river, Bob's and 
Burrel creeks lying at the back of the township, distant from 5 to 8 miles. The dis- 
trict is an agricultural one. Gold is known to exist in the neighbourhood, but 
whether in payable quantities has never been ascertained. Copper ore has been dug 
up in the township, and iron ore in large quantities may be found a few miles distant. 
There is a steam flour mill at Tinonee, a post and money order office, a branch of the 
Sydney Insurance company, a National school, a Presbyterian church, a printing office 
(the office of the Manning R ver News, the local paper), and a good store. The nearest 
townships are Wingham and Taree, both on the Manning river, the communication 
being by boat or horse. With Sydney, 190 miles S., the communication is from Taree 
by steamer, or overland, via Stroud, Gloucester, and Raymond terrace. The hotels are 
the Ferry inn and the Windsor Castle inn. The surrounding country is low, with 
mountains at a distance of about 20 miles. The geological formation is chiefly sand- 
stone, there being occasional beds of limestone. The district is a flourishing one, and 
the population (numbering about 100 persons) is employed in farming, and are 
generally in thriving circumstances. 

TIN POT ALLEY STATION (Lacklan district); occupier, Hadcroft, Wm.; 
area, 22,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The old charges were £60 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £70. 

TIPPER ARY GULLY ( Co. Sandon) is the name of a gold diggings, on the Rocky 
river gold fields. Hornblendic granite. 

TIRA STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Denne, Richard A.; area, 
64,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle and 20,000 sheep. Charges, 
£240. 

TIKINEE (or Gasthong) STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Paterson, 



Tir — Tom] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 547 



John M. A. B. ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The old charges 
were £60 ; the recently appraised rental is £85 8s. 4d. 

TIRRANDUBUNDEBA MOUNT {Co. Macquarie) is a high point in the 
Hastings range, lying at the head of the Huntingdon creek, and about 30 miles S.W. 
of the township of port Macquarie. Sandstone. 

TITTALULTA STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Fletcher, Dugald ; area, 
35,840 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £90. 

T0ALL0 POINT {Co. Auckland) is a rocky promontory, lying a few miles S. 
of Murrimbula, and forming the S. head of the estuary of the Paubula river. Sand- 
stone. 

TOCUMWAL {Co. Denison) is a small village, situated on the Murray river, and 
on the road from Albury to Deniliquin, near the point where that road leaves the 
Murray, and runs alongside the Tuppal creek It lies about 40 miles S.E. of Denili- 
quin, and the same distance N. W. of Mulwala, the coach from Albury to Deniliquin 
passing through the village, and the communication with Sydney being by the same 
route. The district is a pastoral one, the country being generally flat, and consisting 
of open saltbush plains, in many places liable to inundation, and intersected by belts 
of myall and box. There is 1 hotel, the Tocumwal, in the village, and the population 
is small and scattered. The geological formation is older pliocene tertiary. 

TODE'S CREEK {Co. Wynyard) is a small E. tributary of the Kyambla creek, 
rising near mount Coreinbob. Sandstone. 

T0GG0L0 STATION {New England district) ; occupiers, Campbell and Co. ; 
area, 13,800 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Charges, £40. 

T0LEAMBAH ( Co. Northumberland) is a narrow neck of sandy land, which lies 
between the ocean and the Tuggerah beach lake. Upon it is situated the village of 
Norah, or Cabbage Tree harbour, and Bungaree Norah point. The S. point is called 
Karagi, and forms the N. head of the lake. The seaward beach is low and shelving, 
and the sea breaks heavily upon it. Raised sand. 

T0LGA MOUNT ( Co. Cunningham) is a lofty solitary hill, lying on the N. bank 
of the Lachlan river, near Condobolin. Pliocene tertiary. 

TOLLGATE ISLANDS {Co. St. Vincent) is the name applied to several small 
rocky islets, lying on the S. side of the entrance to Bateman's bay. Sandstone. 

T0LLEND00L STATION {Murrumhidgee district) ; occupier, Vincent, Eliza- 
beth ; area, 18,760 acres; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Old charges, £100 
10s. ; new appraisement, £50. 

T0LMA STATION {Wellington district) ; occupier, Bradford, James; area, 12,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. Charges, £39. 

T0L0DUNA STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Quinn, Patrick ; 
area, 38,400 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old charges, £40 ; new 
appraisement, £108. 

T00L00M STATION {Clarence district) ; occupier, Scott, James Hall ; area, 47,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle and 8000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Tooloom. Old charges, £80 ; new appraisement, £125. 

TOTtlAGA RIVER, ( Co. St. Vincent) is a small stream, rising in the scrubby 
country between Bateman's bay and Broulee, the road between which places', crosses 
it about 4 miles from its fall into the sea at Tomaga inlet. Metamorphic. 

T0MAG0 {Co. Durham) is a postal township in the parish of Stockton, electoral 
district of Lower Hunter, and police district of Raymond terrace. It is situated on the 
N. bank of the Hunter river, and is in an agricultural and coal mining district. Tae 
nearest places are Hexham, 2 miles distant, on the opposite side of the river ; and 
Raymond terrace, 5 miles distant by government road. The communication with 
Hexham is by punt, and with Raymond terrace by boat, or by horse and dray. With 
Sydney, 87 miles S.S.E., the communication is by daily Hunter river steamer, or by 
railway from Hexham to Newcastle, and thence by steamer. Tomago is unler the 
control of a local road trust ; it has a post office and a store, but no hotel, the nearest 
being at Hexham. The surrounding country is flat, much of it being under cultiva- 



548 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Tom — Ton 



tion. There are coal mines in the neighbourhood, hut they have been closed for the 
past 12 months. The geological formation is principally carboniferous sandstone. The 
population numbers about 100 persons. 

TOMAH MOUNT {Co. Cook) is a lofty peak of the Blue mountain range, lying 
on the S. side of the road from Hartley to Richmond, and on the N. bank of the 
Grose river. It is celebrated for the rugged grandeur of its scenery, and the savage 
magnificence of its lofty precipices and deep glens. This peak attains an elevation of 
3240 feet above the level of the sea. It is the easternmost mountain seen from the 
Sydney lighthouse, distant about 60 miles. This and the adjoining mountains were 
called by Governor Phillip the Carmarthen mountains. Sandstone. 

T0MALL0 STATION" [New England district) ; occupier, uncertain ; area, 
60,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. 

T0MANGHXLL STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Walker and Cor- 
mick ; area, 32,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £42 
16s. 3d. 

T0MARAH STATION (Clarence district); occupier, Pritchard, William ; area, 
14,000 acres ; grazing capability, 3500 sheep. Charges, £10. 

T0MB0NG STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, O'Hara, James ; area, 
13,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £77 10s. 

T0MER0JTG [Co. St. Vincent) is a postal village, in the parish of Tomerong, 
electoral and police districts of Shoalhaven. It is situated on the Ulladulla road, 
leading from Nowra to Ulladulla, and is 6 miles S. W. of the Curranbene creek. The 
district is an agricultural and timber-cutting one, the soil being good, and there being 
abundance of fine timber suitable for ship building or other purposes. The commu- 
nication with Sydney, 127 miles N., is by spring cart, as required, to Nowra, thence 
by river steamer to Green well point, and thence by steamer. There is 1 hotel, the 
Traveller's Rest. The surrounding district is generally low and flat, with occasional 
ridges. The geological formation is generally sandstone, with outcropping basalt, 
caused by volcanic eruptions. The population of the neighbourhood numbers about 
200 persons. The Cape St. George lighthouse lies about 17 miles distant, in a S.E. 
direction. 

TOMINGLEY CREEK {Co. Narromine, Bligh district) is an E. tributary of the 
upper part of the Bogan river, rising in Hervey's range, in the flat country to the 
N.W. of Obley, and flowing W. about 40 miles through sandy plains, interspersed 
with myall scrub, much of which is taken up for pastoral purposes. It is fed by 
the Cundong creek. The geological formation is lower palaeozoic and pliocene 
tertiary. 

TOMINGLEY, N., STATION {Wellington district); occupier, Gilmore, John; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Obley. Charges, £30. 

TOMINGLEY STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Gilmore, John ; 
area, 22,400 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £50. 

TOM'S LAKE STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Miller, Honorable 
Henry ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Booligal. Charges, £34. 

TOM THUMB'S LAGOON {Co. Camden) is a small inlet of the sea, lying 
about 3 miles S. of Wollongong. It is called after the small boat, the Tom Thumb, 
in which Bass and Flinders made their discoveries along this part of the coast, in 1796. 
Sandstone. 

T0NABTJTTA (Co. Wellington) is a small village, lying 2 miles N.W. of the 

township of Cudgegong. Metamorphic slate. 

TONDERBURN STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Brown, Andrew ; area, 
16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; there- \ 
contly appraised rental is £50. 

T0NGAB30 STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Kennedy, J.; area, I 



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.32,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Deniliquin. The old chages were £30 ; the recently appraised rental is £100. 

T0NGAMBA STATION (Bl'gh district) ; occupier, Perry, Mary ; area, 3200 
acres ; grazing capability, 1280 head of cattle. The old charges were £80 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £90. 

T0NGAR0 (or Jacob's) RIVER is a fine stream rising in the rugged and lofty 
Snowy mountains, and flowing in a S.E. direction about 30 miles into the Snowy 
river. Granite, trap rock, and quartz-bearing slate. 

T0NGB0NG GAP (Co. Phillip) is a passage between two high points in the 
mountainous country lying on the road between Dabee and Dungeree, and in the 
parish of Louee. Sandstone. 

TONGONGEREL MOUNT (Co. Phillip). See Mount Brace. 

T0NG0W0K0 STATION [Albert district) ; occupiers, Clarke, Farquharson, 
and Co. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31. 

TOOGAL STATION (Lachlan district) ; area, 51,200 acres. The old charges 
were £50 ; the recently appraised rental is £120. 

T00G0NG {Co. Wellington) is a small village, in the parish of Toogong, and 
electoral and police districts of Orange. It lies 7 miles N.W. from Murga, on the 
main road to Orange, with which place there is communication by coach ; and with 
Sydney, 177 miles W., by coach to Penrith, and thence by rail. There are 2 hotels, 
the Toogong and the Traveller's Rest. The district is mountainous, and the geological 
formation metamorphic. The population, mostly employed in agricultural pursuits, 
numbers 17 persons. 

TOOGONG STATION (Wellington district); occupier, Smith, John; area, 
64,879 acres; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. The old charges were £120; the 
recently appraised rental is £163. 

T00G00MBIE BLOCK (A) STATION {Murmmbidgee district) ; occupiers, 
Ronald and M'Bain ; area, 47,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Hay. Charges, £41. 

T00G00MBIE BLOCK (B) STATION (Murrumbidyee district) ; occupiers, 
Ronald and M'Bain ; area, 33,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The 
nearest post town is Hay . Charges, £50. 

T00G00MBIE STATION (MurrumHdgee district) ■ occupiers, M'Bain and 
Ronald ; estimated area, 82,500 acres ; grazing capability, 1440 head of cattle. The 
nearest post town is Hay. The old charges were £90 ; the recently appraised rental 
is £260. 

T00LAMANANG CREEK {Co. Wellington) is a small. auriferous N. tributary of 
the Pyramul creek, rising in the Toolamanang rnmntain, and falling into the main 
creek, at 640 acres N. of Jonathan's hat. The geological formation is metamorphic. 

TOOLAMAN'S FLATS STATION [Bligh district) ; occupier, Brown, Andrew 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old charges, £30 ; new 
appraisement, £45. 

T00L0 CREErt STATION (Murmmbidgee district) ; occupier, Gordon, John ; 
area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £37 10s. 

T00L00M (Co. Drake) is a postal township in the electoral district of the 
Clarence, and police district of Richmond river. It is situated on the Tooloom creek, 
Kangaroo creek flowing 5 miles S.E., and Corilla creek 12 miles W. The Clarence 
river is 12 miles E., and mount Lindsay 35 miles N. The district is a pastoral and 
alluvial mining one, the Pretty Gully diggings being 18 miles S.E., and the table land 
50 miles S.E. The nearest large town is Casino, 60 miles E., the communication 
being by horse or dray. With Sydney, 491 miles S., the communication is to Graf con, 
80 miles S. , and thence by steamer. The hotels are the Queen's Arms and the Happy 
Valley, the Pretty Gully inn being at Pretty Gully diggings. The district is very 
mountainous, and the population numbers about 100 persons, with another 50 at 
Pretty Gully. The geological formation is chiefly basaltic, with iron and limestone ; 
there is fine spicular blue basalt along the course of the creek. 



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TOOLOOM GOLD FIELD {Cos. Rous and B idler) is an alluvial diggings, lying 
on both sides the Tooloom creek, about 8 miles 1ST. of Tabulam. It is generally in- 
cluded in the Timbarra gold field. Granite and nietamorphic slate. 

T00L00MHI CEEEK [Co. Richmond) is a small E. tributary of the head of 
the Clarence river, flowing through scrubby pastoral country. Volcanic trap rock 
and limestone. 

TOOLOOM RIVULET ( Cos. B idler and Rous) is a fine auriferous stream, rising 
near the S. Obelisk, and flowing S. through the Tooloom gold field into the upper 
part of the Clarence river. On this creek, at a distance of 12 miles from Tooloom is 
a fine waterfall 40 feet in height, and available for working a mill. Volcanic trap 
rock and limestone. 

TOOLOOM STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Neale, Thomas, jun. ; estimated 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £52 10s. ; 
the recently appraised rental is £100. 

T00L00M0G0 STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Neale, Henry Thos. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

T00L00R STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Reynolds, George ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. Charges, £75. 

T00MANBILL STATION (Lachlan district); occupier, Suttor, J. B. ; area, 
17,280 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£33 8s. 9d. ; the recently appraised rental is £90. 

T00MEREE (or South) BEAD (Co. Durham) is the S. head of port Stephens, 
and rises abruptly to a conspicuous summit, at an elevation of 440 feet, with three 
equally conspicuous hills to the S. of it, all being separated from each other by low 
land. Toomeree head, a spit, extends in a N.N.W. direction for 3| cables' lengths, 
at the extremity of which the least depth is 24 fathoms, immediately deepening to 4 
and 5 fathoms. A ground swell generally rolls upon this spit, and it frequently 
breaks on one part within the extremity. Sandstone. 

T00M00R00MA STATION [Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Davies, G. A. ; 
area, 24,320 acres ; grazing capability, 7000 sheep. Charges, £62. 

T00M00R00MA STATION [Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Davies; G. A.; 
area, 12,800 acres ; grazing capabilit} 7- , 4000 sheep. Charges, £34. 

T00M00R00MA STATION [Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Jones, G. and 
Brookes, J. ; area, 24,320 acres; grazing capability, 7000 sheep. Charges, £16. 

T00MA RIVER (or Mane's Creek) {Co. Selwyn) is a fine stream of water, 
running near Big Bogong peak, in the Snowy range of the Australian Alps, a few 
miles N.E. of mount Koscuisko, and flowing N. and W. about 35 miles into the 
Murray river at Welaregang. It waters a large tract of excellent pastoral country, 
but liable to be flooded by the sudden overflow of the creeks, caused by the melting 
of snow on the ranges to the E. The Tooma river is fed by numerous streams, the 
principal of which are the Tumbarumba and Wolunila creeks. 

TOOMA STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Hay, and Dight ; • 
estimated area, 15,520 acres ; grazing capability, 7000 sheep. Tie old charges were 
£70 ; the recently appraised rental is £80. 

T00NGABBEE ( Co. Cumberland) is one of the original districts of the county ; 
bounded on the N. W. side by Upper Nelson district ; on the E. side by the Castle hill 
district and the Windsor road to the Parramatta creek, thence by that creek and the 
branch of it passing near Constitution hill to the Western road, by that road to Pros- 
pect and the Prospect road leading to Toongabbee and Daveney's farm to the creek, by 
the Toongabbee creek to Joyce's farm, and thence by the old Toongabbee road to 
Jones's N.E. corner ; Toongabbee has of late been called Wakefield. The first harvest 
by settlers was reaped here. James Rous appearing first in the market with provisions, 
in 1792. 

T00NGA (Co. Wynyard) is a small agricultural settlement, on the Tarcatta creek, 
lying about 4 miles S , of Tarcatta. 

T00PRUCK (or Towpruck) STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Tyson, 
James; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £36. 



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TOORALE STATION [Warrego district) ; occupier, Bloxham, H. D. ; area, 
64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Bourke. 
Charges, £60 10s. 

T00R ALL STATION" {Albert district) ; occupier, Bloxham, H. D. ; area, 61,000 
acres ; grazing capability, uncertain. Charges, £50 10s. 

TOQRANBEE STATION {Macleay district) ; occupiers, Kemp, W. H. R. A. H. 
and F. R. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 heal of cattle. Charges, £10. 

T00RAN STATION [Albert district) ; occupier, Crozier, John ; area, 15,360 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32 2s. 

T00REEL STATION [New England district) ; occupiers, Frost, S. andJ ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

T00RINCACA STATION [Darling district) ; occupiers, Reid, William L. and 
R. T. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £60. 

T00RINGABBY STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Bagot, K C ; 
estimated area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were 
£80 ; the recently appraised rental is £190. 

T00R00X0Q STATION (Macleay d< strict) ; occupier, Brebner, George H. G. ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £12. 

TOOTLE STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Ashcroft, Edward ; 
area, 24,320 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £38 2s. 6d. ; 
the recently appraised rental is £65. 

T00YAL STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Mort, Cameron, and Bu- 
chanan ; area, 49,920 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Wagga-Wagga. The old charges were £73 15s. ; the recently appraised 
rental is £166. 

TOPAR STATION [Albert district); occupier, Hogg, James Edward; area, 
128,640 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

TOP DIGGINGS ( Co. Murchison). See Upper Bingera. 

T0RAGY CREEK (Co. Dampier) is the S. head of the Moruya river. Slate and 
limestone. 

T0R0W0T0, S., STATION (Albe-t district) ; occupier, Henty, Edward; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

T0R0W0T0 STATION (Albert district); occupier, Henty, Edward ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

T0R0W0T0 SWAMP, E., No. 1 STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, 
Edwards, Charles ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £25. 

T0R0W0T0 SWAMP, E., No. 2 STATION (Albert d strict) ; occupier, 
Edwards, Charles ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£32 10s. 

T0R0W0T0 SWAMP, W., No. 1 STATION (Albert distrct) ; occupier, 
Edwards, Charles ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£22 10s. 

T0R0W0T0 SWAMP, W., No. 2 STATION" (Albert district); occupier, 
Edwards, Charles ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£32 10s. 

TORREN'S CREEK (Albert district) is a small stream, rising in mount King, a 
peak of the Grey range, and flowing a S. E. direction. Ferruginous sandstone. 

T0RW00D STATION ( Wa. rego district) ; occupier, Dickson, James ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

T0RYBURN STATION (New Eng 'and district) ; occupiers, Blaxland, C, and 
Cooper, J . ; area, 23,000 acres ; grazing capability, 10,000 sheep. The old charges 
were £57 2s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £77 10s. 

TORY WEE-WAA BACK RUN STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occu- 
piers, Richardson and Wrench ; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of 
cattle. Old charges, £20 ; new appraisement, £130. 



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TORY WEE- "W A A STATION {Liverpool plains station); occupiers,^ Richard- 
son and Wrench ; estimated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of 
cattle. The old charges were, £60 ; the recently appraised rental is £130. 

T0UMBAAL CREEK {Co. Clarence) is a small N. tributary of the mouth of 
the Sandon river. Sandstone. 

T0URAELE STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Richardson, A. A. ; esti- 
mated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post 
town is Coonamble. The old charges were £40; the recently appraised rental 
is £105. 

TOW AC A RIVER (Co. Auckland). See Panbula River. 
T0WAC MOU^T {Co. Wellington). See Canobolas. 

TOWAMBA (or Ktah) RIVER {Co. Auckland) is an important stream, rising 
in the E. slope of the S. coast range, opposite Cathcart, and flowing inanE.S.E. 
direction into the S. arm of Twofold bay, after a tortuous course of 40 miles through 
fine pastoral, and, to some extent, agricultural country. The township of Boyd stands 
near this river at its estuary, and it is fed by the Perica, Wog-Wog, Jingo, and Mata- 
gana creeks. It drains, with these tributaries, an area of about 300 square miles. 
The geological formation is granite, passing into porphyry, and traversed by quartz 
dykes. 

TOWARRI ( Co. Buckland) is a peak of the Liverpool range, lying about 16 miles 
W. of Murrurundi, and attaining an altitude of 4000 feet, as estimated by the Rev. W. 
B. Clarke. W. Stephens has 2000 acres at this place. Older volcanic. 

TOWER HILL (Co. Arrawatta) is a lofty solitary hill, lying on the E. bank of 
Frazer's creek, near Bukkulla, and about 20 miles N. N. E. of Byron. Trap rock and 
granite. 

TOY/GAL (or Teunnalong) CREEK {Co. Forbes). See Ooma Creek. 

TOWINBANGr (Co. Roxburgh) is a peak in a spur of the Blue mountain range, 
on the S. bank of the Oudgegong river, and about 12 miles E.S.E. of Dabee. Sand- 
stone. 

TQWNDRY STATION (Warrego district) ; occupiers, Bagot, C. T. and J. C; 
estimated area, 57,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1500 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Moree. The old charges were £60 ; the recently appraised rental is £80. 

T0WNSEND is a county in the pastoral district of Murrumbidgee. It contains 
6885 acres of alienated land, and 1,593,215 acres unalienated. Its present boundaries, 
however, are open to modification. 

T0WRANG MOUNT (Co. Argyle) is a high peak, lying in the rugged country 
to the E. of the Goulburn plains, and on the N. side of the road from Marulan to 
Goulburn, being about 8 miles, and equidistant from each. From the summit of this 
hill may be obtained a fine view of the township of Goulburn. Sandstone and lime- 
stone. 

TO WRY STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Lord, G. W. ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 5s. 

T0WT0WRA STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Hungerford, Thomas ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31. 

T0WYAL STATION (Macleay district) ; occupier, Warne, John; area, 32,000 
acres ; grazing capablility, 960 head of cattle. Charges, £12. 

T0YLAMB00L STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Ross, William ; area, 
61,440 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £58 8s. 

TRABA CREEK ( Co. Forbes), a small tributary of the head of the Ooma creek 
It is crossed by the road from Forbes to Young. Lower palaeozoic, with recent drift. 

TRAGAREE STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Campbell, J. S. ; esti- 
mated area, 22,400 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £90. 

TRAG0NG CREEK (Co. Forbes) is a N. tributary of the Burrangong creek. 
Lower silurian. 



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553 



TRANGI AND GOWAN STATION ( Wellington district) ■ occupiers, Walker 
and Cornish ; area, 19,200 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Warren. The old charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £100. 

TRAVELLER'S REST (Co. Richmond) is a small agricultural settlement, on the 
Tenterfield und Tabulam road, 30 miles N. W. of Grafton. Sandstone. 

TRAVELLER'S REST STATION [Clarence district); occupier, Exors. of Irving, 
Clarke; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £40. 

TREACHERY HEAD (Co. Gloucester) is a rocky promontory, lying about 20 
miles N. E. of port Stephens. Sandstone. 

TREILWON STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Flood, Edward ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £32 10s. 

TREGALANA, E., STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Gibson, Mrs. Alice; 
area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Forbes. Charges, £30. 

TREGALANA STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Gibson, Mrs. Alice ; 
area, 19,200 acres; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Forbes. Old charges, £61 17s. 6d. ; new appraisement, £125. 

TRIAL BAY (Co. Dudley) is the name of the estuary of the Macleay river ; it is 
situated on the N.W. side of Smoky cape, and affords good anchorage during S. winds 
for small vessels, in 3 fathoms, protected from the sea as far as N.E. by E. Fresh 
water may be procured from a stream that runs over the beach. From Trial bay the 
coast is low, and takes a N. direction for a distance of 30 miles from Smoky cape ; it 
consists of sandy beaches and rocky points, intersected by 3 small rivers, named 
respectively the Macleay, Nambucca, and the Bellenger, as already noticed. A few 
other unimportant, and, to commerce, useless creeks, also find an opening at this part 
of the coast. From Smoky cape to South Solitary, the course is about N.E. 44 
miles. Sandstone. 

TRIANBIL CREEK (Co. Wellington) is a small E. tributary of the Macquarie 
river, rising to the S. of the Louisa creek gold field, and flowing W. through rough, 
scrubby country, about 20 miles. Hall, Palmer, and Aspinall's 640 acres, Hughes 
and Hosking's 604 acres (Trianbil), Suttor's 1037 acres, and several small allotments, 
are situated on this creek, which is fed at its upper end by the Waltawa creek. Mica- 
ceous schist and slate. 

TRIANGLE STATION (Murrumbiclgee district) ; occupier, Rand, Robert ; 
area, 13,240 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

TRIANGLE STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Walker and Cornish ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

TRIANGLE No. 1 STATION (Wellington district); occupier, M'Culloch, A. 
H. ; area, 24,000 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. Charges, £66 Is. 

TRIANGULAR PLAIN STATION (Murrumbidgee district) • occupier, 
Mackay, Geo. Edward ; area, 22,400 acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. Charges, 
£55. 

TRIGAM0N CREEK (Gwydir district) is a small W. tributary of the Macin- 
tyre river, draining scrubby pastoral country S. of the township of Yetman. Pliocene 
tertiary over palaeozoic rocks. 

TRIGAM0N STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Simpson, R. P. ; area, 
50,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2080 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Ash- 
field. The old charges were £130 ; the recently appraised rental is £175. 

TRINIDAD CREEK (Co. Vernon) is a small S. tributary of the Apsley river. 
Sandstone. 

TRINKEY STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Newton, Kent, 
and Bulman ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges 
were £70 ; the recently appraised rental is £151 10s. 9d. 

TROFFS, THE, STATION (Wellington district) ; occupier, Cummings, William; 
area, 64,000' acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32. 

TROY STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, M'Phillamy, Charles ; area, 16,000 



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[Tru — Tue 



acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the recently ap- 
praised rental is £15. 

TEUNDLE LAGOON B. E. N., STATION {Wellington district); occupiers, 
Palmer, George and John ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. 
Charges, £31. 

TRUNDLE, E., STATION {Wellington district); occupiers, Goodall, Youl, 
Parker, Parker, L., and Parker, S/A.j area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head 
of cattle. Charges, £25. 

TEUNDLE, S., STATION {Wellington district); occupiers, Goodall, Youl, 
Parker, Parker, L., and Parker, S. A.; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head 
of cattle. Charges, £25. 

TEUNDLE STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Goodall, Youl, Parker, 
Parker, L., and Parker, S. A.; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. 
Charges, £45. 

TUALGAEA STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Gardiner, John A.; 
area, 44,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31 10s. 

TUAMBA STATION (Monaro district) ; occupiers, Manning, Sir W. M., and 
Mort, Thomas S. ; area, 30,880 acres ; grazing capability, 1100 head of cattle. Charges, 
£55. 

TUBBETA, N., STATION {Lachlan district); occupiers, Eankin, J. G. E. and 
A. ; area, 40,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

TUBBETA STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Eankin, J. G. E. and A. ; 
area, 40,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

TUBEIGO STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Scott, James ; area, 53,700 
acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. Charges, £53 12s. 

TUBEIGrO, S. , STATION {Darling district); occupier, Scott, James; area, 
51,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

TUCABI0 MOUNT {Co. Clarence). See Wohimini Mount. 

TUCKA-TUCKA STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupier, M'Dougall, J. F.; area, 
40, 800 acres ; grazing capability, 1440 head of cattle. The old charges were £90 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £230. 

TUCKEEAMAN STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Gill, John ; 
area, 4480 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old charges, £40 ; new ap- 
praisement, £25. 

TUCXII-TUCKII {Co. Richmond) is a small hamlet, situated on the Eichmond 
river, about 13 miles S. from the township of Lismore, by water. The Wyharallah 
Saw mills are at this place. Scrubby country, of silurian sandstone formation. 

TUCALAN CEEEK STATION {Bl>gh district) ; occupier, Seymour, Denman ; 
area, 48,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £23. 

TUENA, 34° 6' S. lat., 149° 20' E. long. {Co. Georgiana), is a postal township 
in the electoral and police districts of Carcoar. It is situated on the Tuena creek, 
about 4^ miles distant from its junction with the Abercrombie river, which runs 
about 5 miles N. of Tuena, and traverses the district from E. to W. It is of con- 
siderable magnitude, and at times, during the floods, rises to a height of 30 feet above 
its usual level. It abounds with cod fish, perch, and bream. Many valuable rubies 
have been found in its bed. The locality is mountainous for many miles round, and 
is rich in gold, silver, copper, and iron ; also, in marble and limestone. The district 
is agricultural and mining. It produces in perfection wheat, and all other cereals ; also, 
potatoes of the best quality, and vegetables in abundance. The fruits are of the finest 
flavour, consisting of apples, pears, peaches, plums, apricots, almonds, and splendid 
grapes. Tobacco also grows to perfection. Its mines are both alluvial and quartz ; 
they have been very rich, and are still undeveloped for the want of capital. The 
Abercrombie diggings, N . of Tuena, vary in distance from 5 to 25 miles. Trunkey, 
further N., is 8 miles; Junction point, S., 10 miles ; and Isabella creek, N.E., 16 
miles. The nearest places are, Laggan, S.E. 33 miles ; Binda, S. 25 miles ; Bigga, 
W. 15 miles ; and Eockley township, N.E., 30 miles. The communication is by 



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horse mail to Binda, twice a week ; to Bigga, once ; Laggan once ; and Hockley, vi\ 
Long swamp, once. With Sydney, 170 miles W.S.W., the communication is by 
horse mail to Goulburn, thence to Picton by mail coach, and thence by rail, or by 
horse to Bathurst, thence by coach to Penrith, and thence by rail. The hotels are 
the Gold Diggers' Arms and the Travellers' Rest. The carrying trade of Tuena, 
from Goulburn and Bathurst, also from Sydney, is by horse teams and bullock drays, 
chiefly belonging to the neighbouring settlers. Tuena is under the control of a sub- 
commissioner of gold fields, who is also police magistrate for the district. The sur- 
rounding country is very mountainous, and is composed of slate, granite, and immense 
mountains of quartz and granite ; also heavy spurs of iron ore, rich in minerals, which 
are yet to be brought to light by the miners. Slate is found 5 miles from Tuena. The 
population numbers about 1500 persons, includingthe diggers. One of the most beautiful 
sights in the neighbourhood is the Grove creek caves, about 12 miles from Tuena ; it 
has attracted thousands of visitors, which the various signatures and hieroglyphics in 
charcoal bear witness to. The creek runs through the caves ; its sublimity cannot 
be described by pen, nor can words eloquent enough express the grandeur of the 
scene, which the eye alone can convey to the mind. The petrified waters have har- 
dened to stone, and. are fantastically suspended from the roof in all kinds of grotesque 
shapes, and on a very bright day are dazzling to look on. Near the mouth of the 
cave are several chambers, which run a considerable distance into the mountain, and 
are said to have been at one time the stronghold of several highwaymen. 

TUENA CREEK (Co. Georgiana) is a S. auriferous tributary of the Aber- 
crombie river, rising in the low hills to the N. of Binda, and flowing N. through 
scrubby country. It flows through the Tuena gold fields and the township of Tuena, 
into the main stream, about 3 miles W. of Bombala, and is fed by the Kangaloola 
arm and Wren's nest creeks. Slate and limestone. 

TUGGA PLAIN (Co. Goulburn) is an alluvial flat, often swampy, lying near the 
confluence of the Cookardmia and Billabong creeks, and about 4 miles ±N.N.E. of 
Carabobala. Metamorphic slate and sandstone. 

TUGGERAH BEACH LAKE (Co. Northumberland) is a large inlet or lake, 
or rather series of lakes, or, more properly, lagoons, opening into the sea by a narrow 
channel at a low point in the coast, called Tuggerah (signifying in the native tongue 
cold, from the points being bleak, and exposed to the sea breeze and S. gales). These 
lagoons are 3 in number, the most southerly one being the largest, and being about 8 
miles long from N. to S. , and 4 miles wide from E. to W. From this lagoon, which receives 
the waters of the Wyong and Ourinbah, as well as several other small creeks, a uarrow 
passage called Wallarah leads into the second and smaller lagoon, measuring from E. 
to W. 3\ miles, and from N. to S. 2 miles, and another narrow passage called Pudge- 
woy from that to the third and smallest lagoon, 2| miles long from N. to S. , and a 
mile wide from E. to W. ; the latter passage, Pudgewoy, can be crossed at low water. 
The shores of these lagoons are generally low and sandy, although in some places 
there are steep, sloping, and well wooded rocky hills overhanging the water. The sandy 
shores and rocky banks both run out into long points, the principal of which are 
Yering, Tunbi Umbi, Ourinbah, Karraganbal, Temring, Tegerin, Wallarah, Gooba- 
rabah, Octwolorong, Orooaloo, Pudgewoy, Teerah, Toukley Oakley, Terilbah, and 
Karagi, the two latter being the heads of the opening into the ocean. The narrow 
neck of sandy land which lies between the lake and the sea is called Toleambah, upon 
which is situated the village of Norah and Cabbage Tree harbour. Sandstone. 

TUGLAND STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Connolly, Eugene ; area, 
10,000 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Charges, £35. 

TTJGL0W CAVES (Co. Westmoreland) is the name given to several chasms in 
the E. side of the Blue mountain range, at the head of the Tuglow creek. Sandstone 
and limestone. 

TUGRABAKL CREEK ( Co. Gloucester) is a smaU E. tributary of the Gloucester 
river. Sandstone. 

TULCUMBAH STATION (Liverpool plains district)-, occupier, Parnell, T.; 
area, 71,680 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle and 6000 sheep. Old 
charges, £110 ; new appraisement, £275. 

TULGALB00N MOUNT {Co. Rous). See Lindsay Mount. 



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TULLOONA STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupiers, Dines and Howe ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The old charges were £60 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £200. 

TULLOONA STATION [Gwydir district) ; occtfpifer, Dines, Richard; area, 
50,720 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old charges, £55 ; new ap- 
praisement, £200. 

TUM AN WONGr MOUNT (Co. Murray) is a lofty peak of the Gourock range, 
of which it is the S. termination. It has a particularly rugged and broken appearance, 
and attains an elevation of about 3500 feet above the level of the sea. It is timbered 
with dwarf eucalyptus scrub, and lies to the S. of Ballalaba. Sandstone and trap 
rock. 

TUMB ALONG (Co. Wynyard) is a small village, lying 4 miles S.W. of 
Gundagai. 

TUMBARUMBA, 35° 44' S. lat., 148° 2' E. long. {Co. Wynyard) is a postal 
township in the parish of Tumbarumba, electoral district of Hume, and police district 
of Albury. It is situated on the Tumbarumba creek, 300 miles S. of Sydney. It 
has a police station, court of petty sessions, and post office. The nearest telegraph 
station is Kiambla. Paddy's river runs into the Tumbarumba creek, 8 miles S.E. of 
Tumbarumba township. The approaches to both where they meet are generally rocky 
ranges. The river Murray, situated 24 miles S. of Tumbarumba ; Meragle creek, 15 
miles S.E. ; Mane's creek, 5 miles W.; and Tarcutta creek, 7 miles N.W. by W. One 
flour mill 15 miles distant from Tumbarumba. Tumbarumba is both a pastoral and 
mining district. The mining is alluvial ; Gingellick diggings lying 20 miles S.E. ; 
Tarcutta, 7 miles N.W. by W. ; upper Tumbarumba, 9 miles N. ; Meragle, 15 miles 
S.E. ; and Bago, 8 miles N.W. The nearest places are middle Adelong, 25 miles 
N. E. ; upper Adelong, N. E. by E. 24 miles ; upper Tumbarumba, 7 miles N. ; Ten- 
mile creek, 45 miles W. S.W. The communication is by horse or dray, there being a 
bi-weekly horse mail. With Sydney, 300 miles N.E., the communication is by coach 
from Gundagai to Picton, and thence by rail. The names of the hotels in Tumbar- 
umba are the Tumbarumba, the Union, and the Exchange ; and in upper Tumbarumba 
the Commercial. The surrounding country is elevated, thickly-grassed, and well- 
timbered, and not generally well adapted for agricultural pursuits. The geological 
formation is granitic and trappean. Oxide of tin, rubies, sapphires, corundum, and 
zircon have been found in the neighbourhood. The population of Tumbarumba 
numbers 350 persons. The quantity of gold received by escort from the Tumbarumba 
gold fields during the year 1864 was 1533 ozs., which, at £3 17s. lid. per oz., was of 
the total value of £5974 16s. lid. 

TUMBARUMBA CREEK (Co. Selwyn) is a tributary of the Tooma river, rising 
in a W. spur of the Australian Alps, called Mane's range, and flowing S. about 20 
miles past Tumbarumba hill, and through the township of Tumbarumba, through a 
rough and tolerably grassed pastoral country. It is fed by several minor streams, the 
principal of which are the Cowra, Maragle, Burra, and Love's creeks. There are 
several flats along the course of this creek which are liable to inundation from the 
sudden overflow of the waters above the banks, caused by the melting of the snow in 
the ranges to the N. and E. The upper portion of this creek is auriferous, and flows 
through the Tumbarumba gold field. Granite and trap rock. 

TUMBARUMBA STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Mate, H. T. ; 
estimated area, 44,360 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £26 ; the recently appraised rental is £35. 

TUMORRAMA CREEK (Co. Buccleugh), a tributary of the head of the Adjung- 
billy creek, rising in the mountain of the same name, and flowing N. through precipi- 
tous scrubby county. Slaty shale. 

TUMORRAMA MOUNTAIN (Co. Buccleugh) is a high peak in the rugged 
mountainous country lying to the E. of Tumut. Numerous small creeks have their 
rise in this mountain, which stands in precipitous country, subject to deep snow falls. 
Metamorphic slate and granite. 

TUMUT, 35° 18' S. lat., 148° 16' E. long, (Co. Buccleugh), is a postal township, 
in the electoral and police districts of the Tumut. It is situated on the S. bank of 
the Tumut river, Gilmore creek (auriferous) debouching into that river at a distance 



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557 



of about 300 yards W. from the township. The district in which Tumut is situated is 
essentially an agricultural one, the land consisting of a rich alluvial soil, which pro- 
duces cereals of all kinds, of the best quality and in abundance. It may be appro- 
priately termed the agricultural emporium for the entire surrounding tract of country, 
being capable of supplying the more sterile portions of the Murrumbidgee (which are 
generally taken up for pastoral purposes) with breadstuff's, and corn, and fodder for 
cattle. There are also some diggings (alluvial), which are being carried on, upon the 
Adjungbilli and its tributary creeks, ranging from 20 to 40 miles in a N. and E. direc- 
tion, the far-famed Adelong reefs being situated about 12 miles W. from the Tumut. 
The nearest township is Gundagai, 21 miles N.W., with which there is communication 
by a well defined bush road ; there are, however, no regular means of conveyance, 
travellers going by horse, hired vehicle, or dray. With Sydney, 264 miles N. E. , the 
communication is to Gundagai or Yass by horse or hired conveyance, thence by Cobb's 
mail coach to Picton, and thence by rail. There are no hospitals or benevolent 
asylums in Tumut. A few months ago it had an Agricultural society and a Debating 
and Vocal Harmonic society, but both are now defunct, from lack of support and the 
apathy of the inhabitants. There are 1 1 hotels and public houses in the township, 
namely : — The Commercial, Tumut, Queen's Arms, Beehive, Rose Inn, Mona Isle, 
Woolpack, Crown Inn, and Horse and Jockey, on the S. ; and the Shamrock and Bum- 
bolee, on the N. bank, or the suburban and agricultural part of the Tumut, the river 
being crossed by a fine bridge, erected about 2 years ago. There are no coach offices, 
the mail being conveyed on horseback thrice a week to Gundagai, thrice to Adelong, 
and once to Kiandra, the latter being distant 35 miles S. S. VV. , amidst the Snowy 
mountains, or Australian Alps. The roads are under no immediate local control, the 
streets generally retain their primitive state, except where improved by the resi- 
dents. There is a post and money order office, a telegraph station, several stores and 
shops, and a neat brick court house, where the district court is held quarterly. 
Tumut has a newspaper published in the town — the Tumut and Adelong Times. There 
are braches of the Oriental bank, and the Sydney, Liverpool and London and Globe, 
and Australian Mutual Provident Insurance companies. The surrounding country is 
mountainous, generally of granitic formation, limestone is also abundant, and there 
is a marble quarry (not being worked at present) about 13 miles S. of the township. 
The population numbers about 520 persons, whose religious wants are supplied by an 
Episcopalian and a Eoman catholic church, each having a resident clergyman. There 
is also a Presbyterian church (at present closed), occasionally used by the resident 
Wesleyan miinster of Adelong. The quantity of gold received by escort from the 
Tumut gold fields during the year 1864 was 1168 ozs., which, at £3 18s. 3d. per oz., 
was of the total value of £4572 2s. lid. 

The Tumut electoral district embraces part of the pastoral district of Murrum- 
bidgee ; and is bounded on the 1ST., from the confluence of Jeremiah creek, by the 
Murrumbidgee river, downwards, to a point opposite to the spur range, at the lower 
end of Jones' flat, which forms the boundary between Hiilas' Yabtree run and 
Gordon's Borambola run ; on the W. by that spur range, to the range dividing the 
waters of the Tarcatta and Yaven-Yaven creeks, and by that range, S. , until the spur 
branches, which leads over Bago hill, and terminates in the Tarcatta creek, about 1 
mile below the Bago inn ; then crossing Tarcatta creek, and immediately ascending 
the spur range, which joins the range dividing the waters of the Murray and Murrum- 
bidgee rivers ; on the S. by that range, E., to the Great Dividing range ; and on the 
E. by the Great Dividing range, N. , the range dividing the waters of the Tumut and 
Goodradigbee rivers, the range dividing the waters of Adjungbilli creek from those of 
the Goodradigbee river and Macpherson's swamp, and the spur range forming the 
E. watershed of Jeremiah creek, to the confluence of that creek with the Murrum- 
bidgee river, aforesaid. This electorate comprises the districts of Tumut and Gundagai, 
and returns one member to the Legislative Assembly, the present representative being 
C. Cowper, jun., Esq. The number of registered electors in this district is 1215, of 
whom 761 voted at the last general election, 1864-1865. 

Tumut is a police district, embracing part of the pastoral district of Murrumbidgee; 
and bounded on the 1ST. by the range dividing the waters of Adjungbilli creek and the 
Murrumbidgee river to the point where the boundary between Osborne's and Murphy's 
runs branches, thence by that boundary to the Adjungbilli creek, thence cross- 
ing that creek, and immediately ascending the spur which leads to the dividing rano-e 
between Adjungbilli and Brungle creeks, thence by that last-named range and the 



558 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Tum — Tun 



spur from it which terminates on the Tumut, about 20 chains above the old inn below 
Brungle, and which forms the boundary between Osborne's and Keighran's runs, 
thence by the Tumut river up to Eurobbin ; from Eurobbin by the leading range 
which forms the boundary between Broughton's and M'Evoy'sruns (leaving M'Evoy's 
run to Gundagai), thence by the dividing range between the Tumut and Murrumbid- 
gee, to where the N. boundary of Curran's run branches, thence by that boundary to 
the Adelong creek, about 20 chains below Curran's hut (leaving Curran's run in the 
Tumut district), thence up the Adelong creek to Johnston and Moore's boundary, 
which is a spur range commencing on the Adelong creek about 1 mile below Moore's 
hut, thence by that boundary to Carne's Ellerslie boundary, being the main range 
between the Nacka-Nacka and Adelong creeks, thence by that range until the N. 
boundary of Carne's run branches, thence by that boundary crossing the Nacka-Nacka 
aud Yaven-Yaven creeks, and following it until it reaches the dividing range between 
Tarcutta and Yaven-Yaven creeks ; on the W. by the range dividing the waters of 
the Tarcutta and Yaven-Yaven creeks, S., until the spur branches, which leads over 
Bago hill, and terminates in the Tarcatta creek, about 1 mile below the Bago inn ; 
thence crossing Tarcatta creek, and immediately ascending the spur range, which joins 
the range dividing the waters of the Murray and Murrumbidgee rivers ; on the S. by 
that range, E. to the Great Dividing range ; and on the E. by the Great Dividing 
range, N. , the range dividing the waters of the Tumut and Goodradigbee rivers, and 
the range dividing the waters of Adjungbilli creek from those of the Goodradigbee 
river, to the range dividing the waters of Adjunbilli creek and the Murrumbidgee 
river, aforesaid. The place of petty sessions is Tumut. 

TUMUT RANGE {Co. Buccleugh) is a spur from the Muniong range, running 
in a N. direction, and dividing the waters of the Tumut from those of the Goodra- 
digbee rivers. Metamorphic slate, granite, and occasional beds of limestone. 

TUMUT RIVER {Cos. Buccleugh and Wynyard). This important auriferous 
river, which forms the division between the counties of Buccleugh on the E., and 
Wynyard on the W., if a large S. tributary of the Murrumbidgee river, having its rise 
in the angles formed by the Big Bogong or Mane's range, and the Snowy (or Bald) 
mountains, about 36° 10' S. lat., 148° 25' E. long. It flows in a N. direction for about 
80 miles through rugged scrubby country until it falls into the Murrumbidgee, about 8 
miles N.E. of Gundagai. This river flows through the townships of Talbingo, Tumut, 
and Mingery, and the Adelong gold fields, in its course, and is fed by numerous 
streams from the mountain ranges lying on both sides of it : the principal of these 
streams are the Yarrangobilly, Waterfall, Joanama, Black, Sandy, Blowering, Log 
bridge, Gooburragandra, Gilmore, Bumbolee, Killimicat, Brungle, and the Adjung- 
billi creeks. Along the course of this river are numerous patches of land, well 
adapted for cultivation, many of which are taken up or open for selection. The 
geological formation of the country through which this river flows is granitic and 
trappean, with bedded limestones and sandstones presenting fossils, apparently 
identical with the species well known in the upper silurian limestone. 

TUMUT STATION {Murrumbidgee .district) ; occupier, Shelly, Mrs. Amelia M. ; 
area, 12,800 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. Charges, £54 15s. 6d. 

TUNBERRY BUNGAN STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, McPhil- 
lamy, Charles ; area, 50,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1800 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £111 17s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £200. 

TUNDER STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Edrop, James ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £105. 

TUNG0 CREEK {Albert district) is a small creek, rising in the Monolon moun- 
tains, and flowing into the swamps to the E. Pliocene tertiary. 

TUNGrD, N., STATION {Albert district); occupiers, Simms and Knox ; area, 
16,001) acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £58. 

TUNG0, S., STATION {Albert district) ; occupiers, Simms and Knox ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Charges, £56. 

TUNK'S CREEK ( Co. Cumberland) is a small creek, flowing near the village of 
Dural, on the N. road from Parramatta to Wiseman's ferry and Maitland. Sandstone. 

TUNNABIDGEE CREEK {Co. Wellington) is a S. auriferous tributary of the 



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559 



Pyramul creek, rising in the ranges between the Green Wattle and Kangaroo flats, in 
the E. part of the Tambaroora gold fields. It is fed by the Green Wattle creek. 
Metamorphic slate. 

TUNNEL CREEK (Co. Goulburn). See Dora Creek. 

TUNNY'S SWAMP (Co. Buccleugh) is a tract of marshy country, lying in the 
broken country to the E. of the Honeysuckle ranges, and on the S. of the Adjungbilli 
creek, near the Adjungbilli reserve. Older volcanic. 

TUNSTALL STATION (Clarence district) ; occupier, Flood, Edward ; area, 
19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. Charges, £62 10s. 

TUPPAL CREEK (Cos. Townsend and Denison, Murrumbidgee district) is a 
watercourse, connecting the Murray and Edward rivers. It flows from the former, 
near the township of Tocumwal, and running N.W. in a line nearly parallel with the 
Albury and Deniliquin road, joins the Edward river near the latter place. It is fed by 
several small creeks, the principal of which are the Bellabulla and Warnock creeks, so 
called from the pastoral stations which they water. Granite and schist. 

TUPPAL, S| STATION [Murrumbidgee dist rict) ; occupiers, Gibbs and Ronald ; 
area, 13,000 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. The nearest post town is Denili- 
quin. Old charges, £30 ; new appraisement, £65. 

TUPPAL CREEK STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Gibbs and 
Ronald; area, 86,400 acres ; grazing capability, 11,000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Deniliquin. Old charges, £110 ; new appraisement, £371 12s. 

TUPRA PLAINS STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Darchy, Thomas ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. The nearest post town is Maude. 
The old charges were £20 2s. ; the recently appraised rental is £63 10s. 

TUPR0NG BACK PLAINS STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Reid 
Brothers ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Mande. Charges, £31. 

TURALL0 CREEK (Co. Murray), a small stream rising in the Molonglo 
plains, about 8 miles S. of Bungendore, through which township it flows, and where 
it crosses the road from Queanbeyan to Larbert and Boro. It flows N. into the S. 
point of Lake George. The geological formation of the course of this creek is lower 
silurian, the slates having assumed the character of micaceous and chloritic schists, 
owing to the highly metamorphic agency to which they have been subjected. 

TURA POINT (Co. Auckland) is a rocky promontory, standing boldly out on 
the coast, about 3 miles N. of Murrimbula. Sandstone. 

TURAWA (or Dendeerma) STATION (Gwijdir district) ; occupier, Town, 
John; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £60 ; the recently appraised rental is £120. 

TURAWINDIE STATION (Bligh district) ; occupiers, White, J. and H. and 
H. and C. ; estimated area, 15,360 acres; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. The old 
oharges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £45. 

TUREE (Co. Bligh) is a postal hamlet in the electoral district of Upper Hunter, 
and police district of Cassilis. It is situated on the left bank of the Turee creek, 
amidst a number of farms, 7 miles from the Talbragar river, and 7 miles W. of the 
dividing range. The district is an agricultural and pastoral one, the Pipeclay diggings 
being distant 5 miles. The nearest places are Cassilis, 14 miles S.E , and Coolah, 11 
miles N.W. With these places the communication is by horse or dray. With Syd- 
ney, 234 miles S., the communication is from Musclebrook to Singleton by coach, 
thence by rail to Newcastle, and thence by steamer, or by Cobb's coach from Mudgee 
to Penrith, and thence by rail. There are no hotels nearer than Coolah. The sur- 
rounding country is mountainous, with splendid open grassy and well watered plains. 
The geological formation is granite, with deep alluvial deposit. The population num- 
bers about 150 persons. The principal land owners in the district are R. M. Fitz- 
patrick, Esq., A. J. Jones, Esq., and W. Elliott, Esq. 

TUREE CREEK (Co. Bligh) is a tributary of the head of the Erskine river 
flowing through Turee. Granite. 



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TUBES BACK STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Lord, G. W. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town isBourke. 
Charges, £30. 

TUEEE STATION ( Wellington district) • occupiers, Watt and Walker ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Bourke. 
Charges, £47 lis. 

TUEEE UPPER, STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Watt and Walker; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Bourke. 
Charges, £47 lis. 

TUEIBGrEBIE LOWER, NY, STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Adams, 
Henry J. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

TURILL CREEK {Co. Bligh) is a tributary of the head of the Munmurra creek. 
Sandstone. 

TUEXMEXTA HEAD (Co. Cumberland) is a rocky promontory, lying about 1| 
mile N. of the Narrabeen lagoon. Sandstone. 

TUEI MOUN I 1 (Co. Buchland) is a peak in a range of low hflls, lying to the N. 
of Currabubula, and being the highest elevation of the Peel range. According to the 
measurement of the Rev. W. B. Clark, it attains an altitude of 2972 feet above the 
level of the sea. Ferruginous sandstone. 

TUEXEY ISLAND (Co. Clarence) is a sandy island, lying in the Clarence river, 
between Palmer's and Harwood islands. Post pliocene. 

TUELEE BACK STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Chadwick, Nicholas ; 
area, 32,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Euston. 
Charges, £30. 

TUELEE BLOCK (A) STATION (Darling district); occupier, Nasi, William ; 
area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Euston. 
Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

TUELEE, N., STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Nash, William; area, 
61,44:3 acres ; grazing capability, 4400 sheep. The nearest post town is Euston. 
Charges, £30. 

TUELEE OUTER, BACK BLOCK (B) STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, 
Nash, William ; area, 33,080 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Euston. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

TUELEE OUTER BACK BLOCK (C) STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, 
Nash, William ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Euston. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

TUELEE STATION {Darlmg district) ; occupier, McCullum, A. ; area, 20,000 
acres; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Euston. The 
old charges were £50 ; the recently appraised rental is £160. 

TUE01T DIGGINGS (Co. Roxburgh) is the name given generally to the 
numerous and extensive gold workings on the Turon river and its tributary auriferous 
creeks. The various diggings, large and small, are exceedingly numerous, and have 
been for a long time, and still are richly payable. They are chiefly alluvial, although 
in several places good quartz is obtained. Sofala is the chief town on these gold fields, 
and the principal diggings are Palmer's Oaky, Big Oaky, Little Oaky, Wattle flat, 
Erskine flat, Pennyweight flat, Arthur's station, Spring creek, Paterson's point, 
Lictle Wallaby, Circus point, Gard's, and Lower Turon. The geological formation is 
granite, abounding in hornblende and associated with metamorphic schists. There is 
much tin and magnetic iron in the neighbourhood. 

TUE02T LOWEK (Co. Roxburgh) is a gold workings, on the Turon river, form- 
ing part of the Turon diggings, and lying about 21 miles from the township of Sofala. 
The population is included in that of that place. 

TUEON RIVER (Co. Roxburgh) is a fine auriferous stream, rising in the Cleared 
hill, in the W. slope of the Australian Alps, N. of Cullen-Bullen township, and in 
the parish of Ben-Bullen. It flows across the county, about 50 miles, in a N.W. 
direction, and is auriferous for nearly the whole of its course, forming the Turon, the 



Tur— Two] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



561 



largest of the "Western gold fields. The river flows through rugged, well timbered 
country, having ranges of rocky hills on both sides of its bed, and being fed by 
numerous tributary creeks, all of which are more or less auriferous. The Turon 
diggings are mostly alluvial, the gold being obtained by washing the bed of the river, 
although there are some paying quartz reefs. A very large number of miners are 
encased upon it, many of whom are Chinamen. The workings on the Turon river 
are numerous, the most important, and those which form centres round which the 
di'jcdng is carried on, are the C alien- Bullen, Palmer's (or Oaky creek), Wattle flat 
(or°Sofala), and Tambaroora. The tributary creeks are the Crown ridge, Willi wa, 
Coolamigal, Round swamp, Arthur's, Oaky, Little Oaky, Sheep Station, Insolvent, 
Tanwarra, and Cunningham's (or Crudinej. The geological formation is sandstone and 
slaty schist, with occasional outcropping ridges of quartz ; there is also much horn- 
blendic granite. Tin and magnetic iron abound along the creek. 

TTJUOSS RIVER [Co. 1 ampler) is an important river, rising in the lofty moun- 
tain, known as Barren Jumbo, and flowing in a general N. E. direction across good 
pastoral country fur a distance of 60 miles into the sea, by a fine wide open estuary, 
having, however, a bar at its mouth This river flows during its course through the 
Gulf, or Tuross gold fields, and crosses the road from Bega to Moruya, about b' miles 
S. of Coila, a small town on the N. bank of the estuary. It drains an area of about 
600 square miles, and is fed by the Bambo, Gulph, and. Wadbilliga creeks. The bar 
at the mouth of this river is a shifting sand bar ; but, by a comparatively small outlay 
on the part of Government, a good and permanent harbour might be made ; and thus 
one of the finest districts (both in a mineral and agricultural sense) on the whole 
coast be laid open. The views on the river are amongst the most charming and varied 
in the colony. Sandstone and trap rock. 

TURKABEILE CREEK {Co. Pottinger) is a tine stream, rising in the W. 
extremity of the Liverpool range of the Australian Alps, and flowing N. into the 
Kamoi river at Bogabri. It waters in its course the large pastoral plains known as 
Bundo, Bowen, Denison, Melville, and Bargo plains. The country is excellently 
grassed and lightly timbered, consisting of open flats, fine forest, and occasional belts 
of honeysuckle and myall scrub. Tne Turrabeile creek forms the W. boundary of 
the county ; it is fed by the Boomera, Dundello, and Kerewally creeks, and flows 
alongside the road from Cassilis to Boggabri its whole course. The geological formation 
is deep black alluvial deposit on basalt, with occasional tertiary drift. 

TTJRRAWAN {Co. Xandewar) is a small agricultural village on the .Namoi 
river, lying about 20 miles E. of the township of Narrabri. There is one hotel 
(Wood's) in the village. Granite and black alluvial soil. 

TTJRRAWAN STATION 7 {L'ver pool plains district); occupiers, Cohen and 
Levy ; area, 17,320 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post 
town is .N arrabri. Old charges, £40 ; new appraisement, £ 40. 

TWEED RIVER {Co. Rous) is the m-st N. coast river in the colony, and 
rising in mount Warung, flows in a N. E. direction for about 30 miles, into the ocean 
at point Danger. This river is navigable for small craft only, the entrance being 
nearly blocked up by a bar, and exposed to the ocean swell. The upper part of 
the river is divided into three streams, known a3 the N., middle, and S. arms. 
Sandstone and shales. 

Tweed river police district embraces a N.E. portion of the pastoral district of 
Clarence, and is bounded on the N. from point Danger by part of the boundary 
dividing the colonies of New South Wales and Queensland, being the range dividing 
the waters of the Logan and other rivers from those of the Clarence, Richmond, and 
Tweed rivers, W., to the head of the Tweed river ; on the W. and on the S. by the 
range dividing the waters of the Tweed and Brunswick rivers, from those of the 
Richmond river, S. and E., to the sea ; and on the E. by the sea, N., to point Danger 
aforesaid. 

TWELVE-MILE HOLLOW {Co. Northumberland). See Snodgrass Valley. 

TWICKENHAM MEADOWS ( Co. Brisbane) is the name of the beautiful and 
fertile country, near the junction of the Goulburn and Hunter. See Denman. 
TWINS (Co. Beresford). See Tinderry Range. 

TWOFOLD BAY, 37° 4' 40" S. lat, 149° 55' 30" E. long. {Co. Auckland), is the 
M m 



562 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Two — Tyr 



principal harbour on the S. part of the coast of the colony. It was discovered by- 
Mr. Bass, in 1727, and lies 280 miles S.S.W. of Sydney. Twofold bay is the port of 
the Monaro country, and has the line flourishing township of Eden built on its N. 
bank. (See Eden). The shores of Twofold bay are of moderate elevation, and consist 
of steep heads, rocky points, and sandy beaches. It may be known by mount Drome- 
dary, 2700 feet in height, which, in moderately fine weather, may be seen at the dis- 
tance of fifteen or sixteen leagues to the N. ; and also by the land behind the bay, 
lying more in hummocks than elsewhere, one of these hummocks (mount Imlay, 2910 
feet high), is round, and very much higher than the rest. A tower, erected by the 
late Mr. B. Boj^d, and intended by him for a lighthouse, on the S. side of the bay, 
kept in one with mount Imlay, bearing S.W. \ W., is the leading mark into the bay. 
A custom house has been established here, and the usual forms must be observed, and 
the rates paid as at other ports of entry and discharge in the colony, should a vessel 
break bulk or land passengers. If merely using the port as a harbour of refuge, 
neither discharging cargo nor landingjpassengers, she is exempt from all port charges. 
This port has a pilot establishment, and on vessels making the usual signal, they will 
be boarded by one as soon as practicable. The same regulations for exemption from 
pilotage rule here as at other harbours in New South Wales. The lighthouse is a 
white tower, built of wood, is 38 feet high to the centre of the lantern, and built on 
the S. extremity of Look-out point, 102 feet above the level of the sea. The light, 
consequently, will be 140 feet above that level, and will be seen, in clear weather, 
from a ship's deck at a distance of 9 miles, showing a fixed red light. The lighthouse 
is situated in lat. 37° 4' 30" S., long 149° 55' 30" E., from which the following bearings 
are taken : — N. point of Twofold bay (or Newstone point), N. 40° E. ; S. point (or 
Red head), S 60° E. ; Jew's point, S. 50° E.; E. Boyd, S. 32° E.; the church at W. 
Boyd, S. 40° W. ; mount Imlay, 55° W. The light will be visible, seaward, from all 
point of an arc of 85°. 

TWO-MILE CHEEK (Co. Gordon) is a smaU W. tributary of the Bell river. 

Sandstone and metamorphic slate. 

TWO-MILE CREEK (Co. Harden) is a small drainage creek of the low hills to 
the S. of Young, flowing into the Connaughtman's creek. Slate and limestone. 

TWO-MILE CREEK ( Co. Hardinge, New England district) is a small auriferous 
N. tributary of the Gwydir river, flowing through rugged country. The geological 
formation is upper palaeozoic, in connection with serpentine, charged with chromate of 
iron, and greenstone diorite. 

TWO-MILE CREEK ( Co. Roxburgh) is an auriferous tributary of the Four- 
mile creek, rising in the Cherry Tree hill, and flowing S.W. It subsides, in dry 
weather, into a mere chain of ponds, having good agricultural land at its upper and 
lower ends. The geological formation is sandstone, limestone, and slate, with occa- 
sional outcropping quartz ridges. 

TW0PRANG BACK PLAINS STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Flood, 
James ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31. 

TYCANNAH STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Bettington, J. H. ; area, 
12,800 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The nearest post town is Moree. The 
old charges were £60 ; the recently appraised rental is £90. 

TYINGrHAM STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Perrott, J. ; area, 
16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £40. 

TYNDIAM STATION (Darling district) ; occupiers, Reid Brothers ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Perry. 
Charges, £30. 

TYRONE STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Lee, William, jun. ; estimated, 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head' of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Coonamble. The old charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £110. 

TYREEL STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Napier, Robert ; area, 64,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 1760 head of cattle. The old charges were £110 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £280. 

TYRIE BACK STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Martell, Florent ; 



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563 



area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of - cattle. The nearest post town is 
Warren. Charges, £51 Is. 

TYRIE STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Martell, Florent ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Warren. 
Charges, £51 Is. 

T YEN AN MOUNT {Co. Durham) is a peak of the mount Royal range, lying 
on the W. bank of the Paterson river, and about 4 miles S. of Gresford. Sandstone. 

TYSON'S STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Tyson, James ; area, 32,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Maude. The 
old charges were £38 ; the recently appraised rental is £300. 

TYW0NG CREEK {Co. Wynyard) is a W. tributary of the Kiambla creek, 
flowing through the flat pastoral land to the S. of the Murrumbidgee river, near Wagga- 
Wagga. Granite and schist. 

UABBALQNG STATION {Lacldan district) ; occupiers, O'Sullivan, D. and S.; 
area, 19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Condobolin. Old charges, £40 ; new appraisement, £93. 

UABBALONG, S., STATION {Lacldan district) ; occupiers, O'Sullivan, D. and 
S. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle.. The nearest post town 
is Condobolin. Charges, £40. 

UABBA STATION" {Lacldan district) ; occupiers, Davenport, Power, and 
Kornhardt ; area, 29,440 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Condobolin. Old charges, £61 17s. 6jl. ; new appraisement, £150. 

UAMBY CREEK ( Co. Bligh) is a small N. tributary of the Cudjegong river, 
flowing through G. Cox's 1068 acres into the main stream, near Wiadere. Metamor- 
phic slate. 

UANUNOO STATION {Lacldan district); occupier, Smith, Joseph ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Booligal. Charges, 
£40. 

UARBRY ( Co. Bligh) is a small village reserve, lying at the confluence of the 
Turee creek and the Talbragar river, 12 miles W. of Cassilis. 

TTARDRY STATION {Lacld'in district) ; occupiers, Ray and Angel ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 900 head of cattle. Charges, £54 13s. 9d. 

UAR STATION {Lacldan district) ; occupier, Fenn, William ; area, 96,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old charges, £17 0s. 8d. ; the newly 
appraised rental is £20. 

UC AY ARE A CREEK {Co. Cowley) is a small creek, draining from the S. into 
i;he swampy lagoon formed at the S. foot of Big hill, by the expansion of Swamp creek. 
Granite and schist. 

UG- ALONG- STATION {Lacldan district) ; occupiers, Reid and Richards ; area, 
22,400 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £45. 

UG0BBITT BLOCK (A. E.± OF) STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, 
Peter, John ; area, 44,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £46 10s. 

UGrOBBITT BLOCK (W. | OF) STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, 
Bet iv, John ; area, 44,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £46 10s. 

TJGQBLE STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, M'Leay and Clarke ; 
area, 70,500 acres ; grazing capability, 9000 sheep. The nearest post town is Nar- 
randera. Old charges, £90 ; new appraisement, £346 6s. 

TJG0L0 BLOCK (A) STATION {Lacldan district) $ occupier, Richards, Wil- 
liam ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Narrendera. Charges, £31. 

UG0L0 STATION {Lacldan district) ; occupier, Richards, William ; area, 
27,000 acres ; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. Charges, £35 17s. 6d. 

ULAH STATION {Bligh district) ; occupiers, CampbeUand Hay; area, 32,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. Charges, £50. 



• 



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The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



[Ula — Ull 



XJLAH STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, Campbell and Hay ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £30 Is. ; new appraise- 
ment, £60. 

ULARARA, E., No. 1 STATION (Albert district); occupier, Youl, Richard; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £45 5s. ; new ap- 
praisement, £34. 

TJLARARA, C, No. 2 STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Youl, Richard ;. 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £40 10s. ; new ap- 
praisement, £32. 

ULARARA, W., No. 1 STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Youl, Richard ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £40 10s. ; new ap- 
praisement, £30. 

ULARARA, WV, No. 2 STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Youl, Richard ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £40 ; new appraise- 
ment, £34. 

TJLCUNDAH (Go. Clarence) is a small island in the Clarence river, lying oppo- 
site the town of Ashby. Post pliocene tertiary. 

ULIMAMBRA CREEK (Co. Gowen, Bligh district) is an E. tributary of the 
upper part of the Castlereagh river, rising in the swampy country to the S. W. of the 
Kerewally springs, and flowing W. about 16 miles through pastoral country. Basalt, 
with deep overlying alluvial deposit. 

ULIIXBAWK" STATION (Gwydir district); occupiers, Doyle Brothers; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

ULLTOAR CREEK STATION (Bligh district) ; occupiers, McMaster, D. and 
J. ; area, 16,200 acres; grazing capability, 15,000 sheep. Old charges, £40; new 
appraisement, £37. 

ULL ADXJLLA (or Boat Harbour), 35° 30' S. lat., 150° 30' E. long., (Go. St. 
Vincent), is a postal and seaport town, in the electoral and police districts of Shoal- 
haven. Ib is situated on the sea, 120 miles by sea S. of Sydney, and 154 miles by land, 
13 miles S. of Cape G-eorge (or Jervis' bay), 50 miles S. of Shoalhaven, 4 miles S. of 
the village of Milton, and 40 miles N. of Bateman's bay. The main line of road from 
Shoalhaven to Moruya passes through the township. The harbour is one of the 
safest in New South Wales ; it is surrounded on three sides by high land, with rocky 
bluffs at the entrance, and plenty of depth of water. There is a fine freestone wharf 
in course of construction by the government, at a cost of £11,000 ; it is nearly com- 
pleted, and has a depth of water at mean tide of 16 feet. The wharf is 215 feet long. 
With the neighbouring places the communication is by horse and dray ; and with 
Sydney, 150 miles N., by steamer once a week. There are 3 good hotels, the Royal, 
Traveller's Rest, and Star, a post and money order office, a court of petty sessions, a 
National school, a tannery (employing 14 men) and a ship yard, now fallen into 
desuetude, the last vessel launched being the Jane Lockhart, in 1861. The surround- 
ing country is undulating and has good soil, dairy farming being carried on to a con- 
si lerable extent ; the quantity of butter exported to Sydney last year amounted to 
2500 kegs of 80 lbs. weight each. The Episcopalians, Roman catholics, and Wes- 
leyaa? have each places of worship in Ulladulla. The Burrill lake, a favourite resort 
for sportsmen, lies 2\ miles S. The geological formation of the district is sandstone 
and trap roak, and splendid porcelain clay (a sample of which gained the gold medal 
at the London Exhibition of 1861) is found in the neighbourhood in abundance. The 
population numbers about 90 persons. 

ULLAMAMBRI STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Cox, Edward ; esti- 
mated area, 24,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £60 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £110. 

ULLTLIE STATION (Albert district); occupier, Myers, James Crawford ; area, 
64,00) acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £35. 

ULL91TGA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Higgins, Robert ; estimated 
area, 57,600 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£61 17s. 6d. ; the recentiy appraised rental is £253. 



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565 



ULMARRA, 29° 40' S. lat., 153° 2' E. long. (Co. Clarence), is a postal township 
in the parish of Ulraarra, electoral district of the Clarence, and police district of 
Grafton. It is situated on the Clarence river ; and is bounded on the N.W. by that 
river and the S. arm ; on the E. by the Coldstream river ; and on the S. by Swan 
creek. The district is an agricultural one, the principal product being maize. Grafton 
is the nearest township, and lies distant 9 miles S. W. ; Lawrence is 12 miles N. The 
communication is by boat to both places, and with Sydney, 450 miles S. by steamer. 
There is an Episcopalian church and a Wesleyan chapel in the town, also a National 
and a Denominational school, and 2 hotels, the Caledonia, and the Ulmarra. The 
surrounding country is flat and the soil alluvial, both that and the climate having 
been found suitable to the production of cotton, sugar cane, and arrowroot. The 
geological formation is mostly ferruginous and carbonaceous sandstone. The popula- 
tion of the parish of Ulmarra, numbers about 800 persons. 

ULMAMBRA MOUNT {Co. Baradine) is a high peak of the Warrabungle 
range, lying about 4 miles N.E. of the township of Coonabarabran. Granite and schist. 

UL0M0G0 STATION (Bligh district) ; occupiers, White, J. F. H. and C. ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. The old charges were £90 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £90. 

UL0NG, N., STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Tooth, Robert; area, 28,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £10. 

ULONGr STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Tooth, Robert ; area, 32,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; the recently 
appraised rental is £91. 

ULOWRIE STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Parnell, Thomas ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £52. 

ULOWRIE BACK STATION (Wellington district) ; occupier, Parnell, Charles; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £50. 

ULTIMO (Co. Cumberland) is a tract of land, lying between Parramatta-street 
and Pyrmont, Black Wattle cove and Darling harbour. 

ULUMBARELLA STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, McDonald, Raw- 
dons ; area, 24,320 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £40. 

ULUMBIE STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Doyle, Francis M. ; 
estimated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Walgett. The old charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £100. 

UMARALLA RIVER (Co. Beresford) is an important E. tributary of the 
upper Murrumbidgee river, rising in the W. of the Australian Alps, about 12 miles 
to the E. of Nimmitibel, and near the road from that place to Panbula. It flows 
through fine level pastoral country (portion of the celebrated Monaro plains) in a 
general N.W. direction, for about 40 miles, passing by the township of Umara'lla, and 
being fed by numerous streams from the mountains. In the summer season, portions 
of this river are liable to overflow from the melting of the snow in the ranges to the 
E. Its principal tributaries are the Bigbadja and Kybeyan rivers, and the Winifred, 
Granny's flat, and Cooma creeks. The country through which it flows is good open 
forest, with occasional steep barren ranges, forming good cattle country. At Rose 
valley, on its N. bank, 623 acres have been taken up by P. Clifford, as agricultural 
land. The geological formation of the country is generally sandstone, with outcrop- 
ping granite and occasional limestone. There are also trappean eruptions under the 
character of amygdaloia, phonolite, and greenstone. Copper exists in considerable 
quantities, also various ipinerals of a siliceous character, such as agate and challedony, 
also calcareous spar, and other hydrous minerals. 

UMBANG0 CREEK (Co. Wynyard) is a W. tributary of the Tarcatta creek, 
falling into it at the Umutbee swamp, and draining good flat pastoral country to the 
N. of Main range. It is fed by the Mirricaldrie and Carabost creeks. Granite and 
schist, with alluvial and fluviatile drift. 

UMBANG0 (or Tarcatta) SWAMP (Co. Wynyard). See Tarcatta Creek. 

UMBRY STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupiers, Bank of New South Wales ; 
area, 45,440 acres ; grazing capability, 1280 head of cattle. Charges, £80. 



566 



TJMUTBEE SWAMP {Co. Wynyard) is a tract of swampy country, caused by 
the expansion of the Tarcatta creek, and lying to the S. E. of the township of Umut- 
bee. It is about 8 miles in length, from N. W. to S. E. , and receives the waters of 
the Umbango creek and its tributaries. The ground is composed of rich alluvial soil, 
with much bog, and is covered with rank vegetation, except in wet weather, when it 
spreads into a large shallow lake. It is inhabited by numerous flocks of aquatic birds 
of all kinds. Granite and schist, with fluviatile deposit. 

TJMUTBEE and TONGA STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Mate, 
H. T. ; estimated area, 77,000 acres < grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. The 
nearest post town is Tarlatta. The old charges were £33 8s. 9d. ; the recently 
appraised rental is £136. 

TJNCANNA STATION (Albert district); occupier, Reid, David; area, 64,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31. 

UNDEALKA CREEK {Darling district) is a small creek, flowing through pas- 
toral country to the S. of Menindie, out of the Murray river, into a swamp on its E. 
side. Pliocene tertiary. 

TJNDERBANX ( Co. Durham) is a small agricultural settlement, on the upper 
Williams' river, lying near Bandon grove. 

UNDERCLIFF {Co. Cumberland) is a small hamlet, lying on Cook's river, 
above the dam. There is a bridge over the river at this place. 

TJNDERCLIFFE STATION ( Clarence district) ; occupier, Tyrrell, Right Rev. 
William ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

UNDERTHEE STATION {Darling district) ; occupiers, Reid Brothers ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Perry. 
Charges, £30. 

UND00 CREEK {Co. Beresford) is a smaU S. tributary of the Bigbadja river, 
falling into it near its confluence with the Umaralla river. It flows amidst barren 
rocky granite ranges. Granite and slate. 

UNDO W AH CREEK {Co. Wellesley) is a small tributary of the head of the 
Bombala river. Granite and trap rock. 

XHTDQW HEIGHTS {Co. Wellesley) is a lofty group of mountains, lying between. 
the Undowah river, and Native Dog creek, about 16 miles N. of Bombala. Meta- 
morphic slate and basalt. 

UNGrAREE STATION {Lachlan district); occupier, Feehilly, Roger; area, 
29,440 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. Charges, £39 10s. 

UltfGLEOHDE STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, WiUs, John Joseph ; esti- 
mated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old. charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £45. 

UFGULA CREEK (Co. Bligh) is a small N. tributary of the Cudgegong river, 
falling into it near the Merindi gold field. Metamorphic slate. 

UNMUNBAH, W., STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Forrester, George; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31. 

U0SA (or WeoCxO) STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Brown, E. G., and 
Johnson, D. F. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. Old 
charges, £38 2s. 6d. ; new appraisement, £60. 

UPRIGHT POINT {Co. St. Vincent) is the name given to the lofty rocky head- 
land standing at the N. of the estuary of the Benandra creek, a few miles N. of 
Bateman's bay. Sandstone. 

UPPER, ARALUEN (or Burke's Town) {Co. St. Vincent) is a postal town- 
ship, in the electoral and police districts of Braidwood. It is situated on the Araluen 
creek. The district being an alluvial milling one, and the nearest diggings being New- 
town, half a mile ; Redbank, 1^ mile ; and Crown Flat, 3 miles distant. Upper 
Araluen is the name given to the new town of Araluen, which it adjoins, the nearest 
places, distances, and means of communication being similar to those described in 
Araluen, which see. The hotels, are the Horse and Jockey, Free Selection, Welcome, 
and Shamrock. Granite, slate, and schist. 



Upp— Uka] 



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507 



UPPER BALABLA STATION [LacUan district). See Balabla. 

UPPER BINGARA 'or Top Diggings) (Co. Murchison) is a postal and 
mining village, in the electoral district of the Gwydir, and police district of Warialda. 
It is situated on the head of the Bingara creek, 12 miles S. from the Big, or Gwydir 
river. The upper Bingara diggings are both alluvial and quartz ; no payable reef 
has, however, yet been struck, although several have been tried. The nearest towns 
are Bingara, 14 miles X. ; Barraba, 25 miles S. ; and Cobbadah, 14 miles S. W. The 
communication is by horse or dray, and with Sydney, 339 miles S.E., by horse or 
dray to Tarn worth, about 100 miles S. , thence by coach to Singleton, thence by rail 
to ^Newcastle, and thence by steamer. The hotels are the Gold Diggers' Arms and 
the Royal, the post office being at the former. The district is elevated about 1600 
feet above sea level. The geological formation is serpentine granite, slate, and shales. 
The population on the diggings, which were proclaimed in 1351, numbers about 230 
persons, of whom the greater number are Chinese. 

UPPER CANN0NBAR, W., STATION [WeUi igt disi id ; occupier, Ash- 
croft, J. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Cannonbar. The old charges were £32 10s. ; the recently appraised rental is £60. 

UPPER CUMBLE STATION [Lieerpool plains district) ; occupier, Rundle, J. 
B. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31. 

UPPER DARLING RIVER [Warrego and Liverpool plains districts). See 
Baewox River. 

UPPER DUNWARIAN STATION [Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, 
M : Donald, Robert; area, 32,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. 
Charges, £31. 

UPPER FOREST CREEK [Go. Mitchell, Murrumbidgee district). See Pulle- 
top Ceeek. 

UPPER FOREST CREEK (Co. GouOmrn) is a small W. tributary of the head 
of the Little Billabong creek. The geological formation is schistose, with outcropping 
granite. 

UPPER GERAMBY STATION [Wellington district) ; occupiers, Cornish and 
Cruickshank ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £42 16s. 3d. ; the recently appraised rental is £75. 

UPPER JUNCTION STATION [Bligh district) ; occupier, Veech, Michael ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £32 15s. 

UPPER MERRY-MERRY STATION [Bligh district) ; occupier, Davis, Alfred ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

UPPER MUDDALL, V".. STATION [Wellington district); occupier. Balfe, 
John ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £31 
4s. ; the recently appraised rental is £30. 

UPPER NEINBY STATION [Bligh district) ; occupier. Wills, John Joseph ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £32. 

UPPER QUILB0NE STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Veech, Michael ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31. 

URABRIBLELE STATION [BUgh district) - occupier, Cox, Edward ; esti- 
mated area, 13,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were 
£36 5s. ; the recently appraised rental is i"35. 

URALLA, 30° 40' S. lat., 151° 22' E. long. (Co. Sandon), is a postal township, in 
the parish of Uralla, electoral district of Xew England, and police district of Armidales 
It is situated on the Rocky river, which takes its rise about II mile to the E. There 
is a large lake, known as Dangar's lagoon, about 2| miles from Uralla, S.E., from which 
a water race is cut, for the use of miners at Burying Ground gully, near Uralla. Also, 
a lagoon known as the Race Course lagoon, about 2 miles S. of Uralla, near the Great 
Northern road. A race course has been formed around the margin of the lagoon, 
known as the Uralla Race course, which is very picturesque. It is also used as a camping 
place for teams, as there is always an abundant supply of water. There is a steam 
flour mill (Kirkwood's) and a soda water and cordial manufactory (Hopkinsi, both in 
full work, in the township. The district is agricultural, pastoral, and minin g, Al- 



568 The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Ura 



luvial gold mining is carried on to a great extent, by means of shafts and tunnels. The 
gold field is distant about 2 miles W. of Uralla. The nearest places are Armidale (on 
the Great Northern road), distant 14 miles N".E. ; Bendemeer (on the Great Northern 
road), distant ,30 miles S. ; Walcha, about 25 miles S.E. ; and Rocky river gold field, 
about 2 miles W. The mail coach runs 6 tijies a week to Armidale and Bendemeer ; 
Smith's 2-horse coaches run twice a week from the Rocky river, via Uralla, to Armi- 
dale. Sydney is distant about 300 miles S., and the communication is by coach to 
Singleton, thence by rail to Newcastle, and thence by steamer. The hotels are the 
Royal, Uralla, and Commercial. The country is generally fiat and undulating, chiefly 
composed of hornblendic granite, associated with garnets, sapphires, and tin ore. The 
population numbers about 120 persons. There is a post and. money order office in 
Uralla. There are also 3 churches, Episcopalian, Presbyterian, and Roman catholic, 
and a court house, lock-up, and police barracks. 

URAMAGAMBALA MOUNT (Co. Wynyard) is a double peak, lying in rugged 
pastoral country to the W. of Kyamba creek, and about 7 miles N.W. of the village 
of Kyamba, on the Melbourne and Sydney main road. Granite. 

URAMBEE STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Davenport and Power ; 
area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Condobolin. Charges, £31. 

URAMBEE No. 2 STATION (Lachlan d strict) ; occupiers, Davenport and 
Power; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post 
town is Condobolin. Charges, £31. 

URAMBEE No. 3 STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Davenport and 
Power; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post 
town is Condobolin. Charges, £31. 

UBAMBEE No. 4 STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Davenport and 
Power; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post 
town is Condobolin. Charges, £31. 

TIRANA, 35° 20' S. lat., 146° 20' E. long. (Co. Urana), is a postal town in the 
parish of Urana, electoral district of Murrumbidgee, and police district of Wagga- 
Wagga. It is situated on the Urana creek, 12 miles N.N. VV of the Billabong creek, 
and 14 miles N.E. of Cocketedegong creek. The district is a pastoral one, the nearest 
places being Wagga-Wagga, 74 miles N.E., and Jereeklerie, 34 miles S.W A coach 
runs to and from Wagga-Wagga ; and with Sydney, 388 miles N.E., the communication 
is by coach to Picton, and thence by rail. Tnere are 2 hotels, the Urana and the 
Royal. The surrounding country is fiat, except to the N.E., where it is undulating, 
with low quartz hills, the undulating country commencing about 5 miles from Urana. 
There is a post office aud telegraph station in the township, 2 large stores, a police 
station and lock-up, and a church — most of the buildings being of brick. Gold has 
been discovered in the neighbourhood, but not in payable quantities ; it is, however, 
considered probable by experienced persons that a rich gold field exists in the vi- 
cinity. The geological formation is granitic and schistose, with tertiary drift. The 
population numbers about 100 persons. 

URANA is a county in the pastoral district of Murrumbidgee. It contains 70 
acres of alienated land, aud 1,599,(510 acres unalienated. Its present boundaries, 
however, are open to modification. 

URANA CREEK (Co. Uiana, Murrumbidgee district) is a creek draining the 
swampy country lying to the N. of Morven and Wallandoon, and after a N.W. course 
of about 36 miles, falling into lake Urana, at the township of Urana. It is fed by the 
Brongong, Sandy, and Urangeline creeks, and flows through fiat pastoral country. 
Granite and tertiary drift. 

URANA LAKE (Co. Urana) is a large lagoon, formed by the expansion of the 
confluence of the Urana and Coonong creeks. It lies about 2 miles W. of the town- 
ship of Urana, and in dry weather becomes a large swamp, abounding in salsolaceous 
plants. Pliocene tertiary. 

URANA (or Burroogong) STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Os- 
borne, H. H. A. and P. H. B. M. ; area, 160,000 acres ; grazing capability, 25,000 
sheep. The nearest post town is Urana. Charges, £249 10s. 



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569 



TIRANA STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Cunningham, A. ; area, 
12,800 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Urana. 
Charges, £60. 

TJRANBEEN MOUNT ( Co. Murray) is a lofty peak of the rugged and broken 
Gourock range. It attains an altitude of 3800 feet above the level of the sea. It is a 
very rough terraced mountain, formed of hornblendic granite, traversed by porphyritic 
bands, porphyry issuing from its base ; the strike of the range is N., 29 J W The 
rocks stand at a very high angle, and are transversely jointed, the whole of the slopes 
are covered by a dense vegetation of scrub and mountain ash, and the surface is 
cumbered by loose masses of rock. The mountain bears from Budawang S. 28° W. , 
(magnetic. ) 

TJRANGELINE CHEEK (Co. Urana, Murrumbidgee district) is a creek tribu- 
tary to the Urana creek. It drains the swampy pastoral coutry to the W. of Morven, 
and in time of flood receives part of the overflow of the Billabong creek. It runs in a 
N. direction about 25 miles. Granite with tertiary drift. 

TJRANGELINE STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Osborne Bros. ; 
area, 25, 600 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The nearest post town is Urana. 
Old charges, £80 ; new appraisement, £330. 

TJRANGTJTNTY STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, McCulloch and 
Sellar ; area, 63,000 acres; grazing capability, 7000 sheep. The old charges were 
£60 ; the recently appraised rental is £100. 

URATTA, BACK BLOCK STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, 
Macleay and Clarke ; area, 56,000 acres ; grazing capability, 152 head of cattle. 
Charges, £172. 

URATTA STATION (Murrumbidgee district.) ; occupiers, Clarke and Macleay-; 
area, 51,200 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. Old charges, £80 ; new appraise- 
ment, £248 15s. 

TJRAWILKEY STATION (BUgh district) ; occupier, Hall, James ; estimated 
aree, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £60 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £200. 

TJRAWILKEY, W. , STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Hall, James; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31. 

TIRIARI MOUNT (Co. Buckland). See Babbinboon Mount. 

TJRINGALLA CREEK (Co. Camden) is a small S. tributary of the Paddy's 
river. Sandstone. 

TJROBODALLA ( Co. Dampier). See Wagonga. 

UR0GAR0 STATION (Monaw district) ; occupiers, M 'Donald, John, Webb, 
J., and Webb, W. ; area, 12,800 acres ; grazing capability, 96C head of cattle. 
Charges, £75 12s. 

TJR0LEA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, De SaiUy, Francis ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Narrandera. 
Charges, £30 10s. 

TJROLY STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Peter, John; area, 
37,600 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 head of cattle. Old charges, £80 ; new ap- 
praisement, £316. 

TJR0PE (Co. Harden) is a lofty solitary hill, lying to the E. of the Childowla 
station, and near the junction of the Limestone creek and the Murrumbidgee river, 
about 8 miles S.W. of Bookham. Limestone. 

TJR0TJB0NG STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Eouse, George ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. The old charges were £33 8s. 9d. ; the 
recently appraised rental is £40. 

TJRTJMWALLA CREEK (Co. King) is a small W. tributary of Blakeney's 
creek, flowing E. m the Yass plains, about 5 miles. Limestone and slate. 

TJRTJTAH, N.W., STATION (Darling district); occupier, M'Lean, William, 
sen. ; area, 41,640 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £20 7s. 



570 



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[Uru— Tan 



URUTAH STATION (Darting district) • occupier, M'Lean, WiUiam ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £70. 

URUTAH, W., STATION (Darting district); occupier, M'Lean, WiUiam; 
area, 25,600 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

UROBUCRAH STATION (Btigh district) ; occupier, Rouse, Edwin ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £80. 

UWARABIN CREEK (Co. Durham) is a small W. tributary of the Williams' 
river, falling into it between Clarence town and Dungog. Granite, sandstone, and 
limestone. 

VACY, 32° 35' S. lat., 151° 30' E. long. (Co. Durham), is a postal township, in 
the parish of Houghton, electoral and police districts of Paterson. It is situated on 
the confluence of the Paterson and Allyn rivers. Mount George lies due W. , about 
2 miles distant, and separates the waters of the Paterson from those of the Hunter. 
The Wallawba range lies to the E ; , separating the Williams' river from the Paterson ; 
mount J ohnstone, a high peak, lies S. ; and on the N. lies the Brecon hill, separating 
the waters of the Paterson fromthose of the Allyn. The whole are of sandstone formation. 
There is a tobacco manufactory, also one for th'e preparation of arrowroot. The dis- 
trict is agricultural and pastoral. Tobacco, maize, and arrowroot grow freely, and, 
before rust became so prevalent, it was famed for its wheat. The nearest places are Pater- 
son, about 5 miles to the S. , situated at the head of the navigable waters of the Paterson 
river ; and Gresford, about 11 miles N.W., a post town on the Paterson river. A 
1-horse post runs 3 times a week (namely, Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays), 
from Gresford to Paterson, calling at Vacy. From Vacy to Paterson there is no public 
conveyance. From Paterson a mail coach runs daily to East Maitland, at which place 
travellers can take the train either to Morpeth or Newcastle, and from either port can 
take passage by steamer for Sydney daily. There is 1 hotel in Vacy, the Half-way 
House. The country, diversified on the banks of the rivers Paterson and Allyn, rich 
alluvial flats gradually rising to low ranges, and, after some distance, into the moun- 
tains before named. The population of Vacy numbers about 30 persons. Vacy is a 
private township, belonging to Gilbert Cory, Esq. , on whose extensive estate of Vacy 
it is built. I^is situated on a beautiful eminence at the confluence of the Paterson and 
Allyn, and commands some of the most beautiful scenery on the Paterson. It has a 
non- vested National school, well attended, also an English church, both built by the 
proprietor, for the accommodation of his numerous tenantry and their families. 

VALE OF SIGrHS STATION (Liverpool jilaim district) ; occupiers, Cox, J. 
H. and Bell, T. M. ; estimated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. 
The old charges were £32 ; the recently appraised rental is* £20. 

VANDERVILLE (or Oaks) (Co. Camden) is a newly formed postal village, in 
the parish of Werombi, electoral district of Camden, and police district of Camden, 
Narellan, and Picton. It is situated on the Werriberri creek, a tributary of the Warra- 
gamba river. There is a small steam flour mill within half a mile of the village, and 
a 1-horse-power flour mill at Burragorang, about 12 miles distant. The district 
round Vanderville is pastoral and agricultural, chiefly the former. The nearest places 
are Picton, 9 miles S. ; and Camden, 11 miles S.E. ; to these places there is no 
regular means of conveyance, the mails being conveyed on horseback. With Sydney, 
the communication is by coach from Camden to Campbelltown, and thence by raU, 
the distance by that route being 53 miles ; or from Picton by rail, the entire distance 
being 59 miles ; or from M enangle by rail, 58 miles. There is 1 hotel, the Oaks, in 
the village, which is but recently formed, and is yet only the germ of a township. 
The surrounding country consists of table land and gently undulating forest, situated 
at the N. W. end of the Eazorback range. The country to the W. is very mountain- 
ous, with fine rivers, the Wollondilly, Cox, Kowmung, and other mountain streams 
running from the S. and W. The Kowmung river and its vicinity is an auriferous 
district, reserved from sale. On the watershed of the Boyd and Abercrombie rivers, 
and in the swamps and flats about Coolong, there is abundance of gold, but the work- 
ing has not been found profitable, owing to the excess of water, although the district 
is evidently well worth prospecting. In the valley of Burragorang important dis- 
coveries of fine kerosene shale have been made, particularly about Tin Kettle creek, 
about 20 miles from Vanderville. Coal is very abundant, and in all the above named 
rivers fine perch and mullet abound. Wild fowl of every description are very numer- 



Yav — Waa] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 571 



ous, and the back ranges W. of the Wollondilly, towards Abercrombie and Hartley, 
are infested with herds of wild cattle and horses, the former affording excellent sport 
for the rifle. The geological formation of the district is chiefly carbonaceous and 
ferruginous sandstone. The population is small, and scattered over the farms of the 
district. 

VATJCLUSE BAY (native name Moring) {Co. Cumberland) is a small rocky 
bight, with a sandy beach at its head, lying about 1| mile inside from the inner S. 
head of port Jackson. Its S. head is formed by a remarkable rock, called the Bottle 
and Glass. In a cave in the rocks on the W. side of this bay dwelt, until recently, 
an old inhabitant of the colony, known as "The Major," a skilful fisherman, and an 
entertaining guide to fishing parties. He was well known to many of the residents of 
Sydney, who used his cave as a place to leave their provisions when out on picnic or 
fishing excursions, and was allowed to live on the estate (Vaucluse) by its proprietor, 
the hon. W. C. Wentworth. Sandstone. 

VENGOAN MOUNT ( Co. Wellington) is a lofty peak in the scrubby range lying 
to the E. of the Stony creek gold field, and at the head of the Bodukkira creek. Meta- 
morphic slate and granite. 

VERMONT {Co. Camden) is an agricultural settlement, lying about 8 miles 
distant from Cobbitty. 

VERNON is a county in the pastoral districts of New England and Macleay. 
It contains 6765 acres of alienated land, and 761,235 acres unalienated. Its present 
boundaries, however, are open to modification. The chief town is Walcha. 

VERNON'S PEAK {Co. Leichhardt). See Boreable Mount. 

VERY DEEP CREEK {Co. Cowley), a small tributary of the Naas valley creek,, 
flowing N.W. from Booth's hill, about 6 miles. Granite and schist. 

VETERAN'S PEAK {Co. Wynyard) is a lofty eminence in the rugged country 
on the S. of the Murrumbidgee river, and to the S. W. of the township of Gundagai. 
It is situated in the S.W. portion of the parish of Willie Ploma. Metamorphic 
slate and granite. 

VICTORIA MOUNT {Co. Cool) is a lofty peak of the Blue mountain range, 
lying on the main Western road, about 10 miles S.E. of Hartley, and 70 miles W. from 
Sydney. The road descends at at inclination of 1 in 15, where steepest. The 
passage was opened in 1832, by Governor Bourke, and named by Sir T. Mitchell after 
the then youthful princess. Sandstone. 

VICTORIA (or Warra-Haeeee) LAKE {Co. Tara) is a large swampy lagoon, 
on the road from Wentworth to Adelaide, about 36 miles W. of the former place, and 
on the N. bank of the Murray river, by the overflow of which it is formed. It abounds 
in salsolaceous plants, which form fine food for cattle. Pliocene tertiary. 

VILLAGE BAY {Co. Northumberland). See Lake Macquarie. 

VINCENT MOUNT {Co. Northumberland) is a peak of the Sugar Loaf range, 
lying on the E. side of the main road from Maitland to Sydney, about 18 miles S. W. 
of the former place. Sandstone. 

VINCENT'S HOLE {Co. Roxburgh) is one of the remarkable sunk valleys 
which occur at intervals in the neighbourhood of the Blue mountain range. It appears 
to have sunk below the level of the surrounding surface, and to be walled in by 
nearly perpendicular rocky cliffs. It lies in the parish of Clandulla on the W. bank 
of the Capertee river, and about 4 miles distant from it. Sandstone and quartziferous 
slate. 

VINEGAR HILL {Co. Cumberland) is the name of a steep ascent, on the road 
between Parramatta and Windsor, about 6 miles S. E. of the latter place. Sandstone. 

VIRGINIA STATION {Clarence district) ; occupiers, Atkinson and M'Kellar ; 
area, 12,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. Charges, £50. 

WAALLAWALLA STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Smith, John 
Thomas ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £50. 

WAATIMA MOUNT {Co. Auckland) is a hill, lying about 2 miles from the- 
boundary line between New South Wales and Victoria, and near the Yambulla creek. 



572 



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[Wab-Wag 



It may be seen at a distance of about 3 miles N. E. of the road from Gipps land, via 
the Genoa river. Granite and schist. 

WABBEA. STATION {Monaro district) ; occupiers, Kerr and Panton ; area, 
21,761) acres ; grazing capability, 1300 head of cattle. Charges, £20. 

WABOLLABOLLA STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupier, Hall, George ; 
area, 44,800 acres ; grazing capability, 1920 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£120 ; the recently appraised rental is £250. 

WADBILLIGA CHEEK (Co. Dampier) is a small S. tributary of the upper 
part of the Tuross river, flowing through rugged pastoral country. Sandstone. 

WADBILIGA STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Byrne, Charles J. • area, 
10,00U acres ; grazing capabilit}*-, 500 head of cattle. Charges, £35. 

WAGGA STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, De Sailly and Francis ; area, 
45,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 15s. 

WAGGA-WAGGA, 35° 8' S. lat., 147° 20' E. long. (Co. Wynyard), is a postal 
township in the electoral district of Murrumbidgee, and police district of Wagga- 
Wagga. It lies on the S. bank of the Murrumbidgee river, in the midst of a fine 
pastoral district, and on the main telegraph road from Sydney to Victoria, via, Urana, 
Deniliquin, and Moama. It is about 10 miles W. of Tarcatta, and 30 miles W. of 
Gundagai, the communication being by Cobb's coach, which also runs via Gundagai, 
Yass, and Goulburn to Picton, whence trains runs to Sydney, the total distance 
being about 310 miles. Wagga-Wagga is an important township, having a hospital, a 
post and money order office, and a coach office, several fine stores, and branches of 
the City, New South Wales, and Australian Joint Stock banks ; and the European, 
Colonial, United, Sydney, Liverpool and London and Globe, and Australian Mutual 
Provident insurance companies. A newspaper is published in the township — the 
Wagga- Wag go- Express — and there are branches of the Masonic lodge of Harmony, 
S.C., and of the Odd Fellows' Southern Star lodge. Wagga-Wagga has a good race- 
course, and a good court house, at which petty sessions and district courts are held. 
The hotels in the townships are the Black Swan ( Churchley's), Prince of Wales 
Simpson's), and Commercial (Gasse's). Wagga-Wagga is divided into two parts, 
known as N. and S. Wagga-Wagga. The geological formation of the district is 
granite, micaceous schist, and tertiary deposit. The population numbers about 700 
persons. 

Wagga-Wagga is a police district, embracing portions of the pastoral districts of 
Murrumbidgee and Laohlan ; and bounded on the E. by a spur range, which com- 
mences on the Murrumbidgee, at the lower end of Jones' flat, and forms the boundary 
between Hillas' Yabtree run and Gordon's Borambola run, until it joins the dividing 
range between the Tarcatta and Yaven-Yaven creeks, and by that range until the spur 
branches which leads over Bago hill and terminates on the Tarcatta creek, about 1 
mile below the Bago Hill inn ; then crossing the Tarcatta creek, and immediately 
ascending the spur range which joins the main range between the Murray and Mur- 
rumbidgee rivers ; on the S. by that range W., to the head of Buckargina creek; 
thence by the leading range between the Buckargina creek and the Yerong and Mitta- 
gong creeks, and continuing along the leading range to Wollandoon hill ; thence by 
the boundaries between the runs fronting on the Urangeline creek, Uranna lake, 
Uranna creek, and Cookejedong creek, from those fronting on the Billabong ; thence 
up the Colombo to the upper end of Osborne's run ; thence by the boundaries of 
Messrs. Osborne's run on the Colombo, and Pepper's run on the Yanko, excluding both 
those runs, to Yanko creek ; thence on the W. by the Yanko creek to its confluence 
with the Murrumbidgee river ; thence by that river to the boundary dividing Nar- 
randera run from Yanko North run ; thence by the E. boundaries of Yanko North, 
Barralong, and Bar* along North runs, bearing N. to the N.E. corner of the latter 
run ; thence by the N. boundary of Moonbooldool North run, E. , and the E. 
boundary of Kolkibertoo South run, and Kolkibertoo run, N., to the N.W. corner of 
Wallandry run, by the N. boundary of that run, E., to the S.W. corner of Wyolong 
run, and thence by the W. boundaries and N. of that run to a point bearing S.E. 
from the confluence of the small creek in the Booabungril reserve with the Lachlan 
river ; thence on the N.E. by a line bearing S.E. (being the continuation of the line 
aforesaid bearing S.E. from the confluence of the small creek in the Booabungril 
reserve with the Lachlan river) to the range dividing the waters of the Lachlan and 



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573 



Murrumbidgee rivers, and by that range, E., until the range branches which divides 
Houlahan's creek from the Billabong ; on the E. by the last named range, until it 
reaches the boundary between the Oura and Wentabadgery runs, thence by that 
boundary to the Murrumbidgee, and thence by the Murrumbidgee, downwards, to the 
lower end of Jones' flat, aforesaid. The places of petty sessions are Wagga- Wagga, 
Narrandera, and Uranna. 

WAGGA- WAGGA STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Pearson, 
Edward and Charles ; area, 40,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 sheep. The 
nearest post town is Wagga- Wagga. The old charges were £50 ; the recently ap- 
praised rental is £40. 

WAGONGA {Co. Dampier) is a postal village, in the electoral district of Eden 
and police district of Broulee. It is situated on the Wagonga river. It is a small 
agricultural settlement, founded in the year 1862, previous to which time it was 
almost a terra incognita, only known to a few stockmen ; but when the Nerrigundah. 
gold fields were developed, in consequence of the immense sums charged for the car- 
riage of goods from Moruyato the above-named gold fields, it became a question if no 
other route could be found to the sea board. The drivers of bullocks, who had for- 
merly been after stock that was running wild on the banks of the said river, hap- 
pened to name its locality to the storekeepers and publicans of Nerrigundah, who em- 
ployed an engineer, named Carruthers, to survey and superintend the construction of 
a road, which was the means of reducing the carriage 100 per cent., besides opening 
up the district, which now contains a population of about 200 persons, employed in 
agriculture, timber cutting, and gold mining pursuits. There is no township laid out 
as yet, and, according to the progress made by the Government in the survey and 
laying out the lands, it will be a work of years before that is done- The Dromedary 
mountain, which is about 4000 feet above the level of the sea, and forms a conspicuous 
land-mark for vessels trading along the S. coast, has its N. base stretching to the S. 
bank of the Wagonga river. There has been a considerable quantity of gold found in 
the drift on the banks of a creek which has its source somewhere about the top of 
the Dromedary, but as a gold field it has never been properly prospected. There are 
any quantity of quartz reels all round the mountain, with indications of copper, the 
value of which have never been tested. The nearest township is Urabodalla, distant 
in a N.W. direction 10 miles, an agricultural one, settled on the bank of the Tuross 
river ; population about 70. The next township, Nerrigundah, is distant about 18 
miles in the same direction. The communication is by land carriage. 

WAGONGA INLET ( Co. Dampier) is a small inlet, lying on the coast about 
10 miles S. of the estuary of the Tuross river. The village of Wagonga lies near the 
head of the inlet. Sandstone. 

WAGONGA STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Ramsay, David ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £34. 

WAG00 BLOCK 2 STATION {Wellington district); occupier, Gardiner, J. 
A. ; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post 
town is Merri-Merri. Charges, £30. 

WAGE- A STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Hore, John ; area, 
34,560 acres ; grazing capability, 1500 head of cattle. Old charges, £80 ; new appraise- 
ment, £80. 

WAHGUNYAH, NORTH, 35° 5' S. lat., 146° 21' E. long. {Co. Hume), is a 
private township in the parish of Corowa, electoral district of the Hume, ana police 
district of Albury. It lies on the N. bank of the Murray river, opposite the township 
of Wahgunyah (Victoria). The surrounding district is a pastoral and agricultural 
one, the production of wine being especially attended to. The Corowa diggings are 
3 miles distant, but are scarcely payable. There is a steam flour mill (Foord's) in the 
township, a tobacco manufactory, and a steam saw mill (Elliott's). The nearest 
laces in New South Wales are Howlong, 15 miles E , and Albury, 30 miles E., there 
eing communication by coach twice a week. With Wahgunyah (Victoria), the com- 
munication is by a fine strong wooden bridge, erected by a private company at a cost 
of £10,000. With Sydney, 400 miles N.E., the communication is by coach, vi% 
Albury to Picton, and thence by rail, or by coach to Melbourne (Victoria), and thence 
by steamer. Waghunyah N. has a custom house and bonded store, a brick church of 



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England, several good stores, a post office, and 4 good hotels — the Royal, Bridge, 
Steamboat, and Corowa. There is a steamboat booking office, and goods shed on the 
bank of the river, where passengers and goods going up the Murray terminate their 
voyages when the steamboats cannot go on to Albury. The surrounding country is 
level and sandy, the formation being mostly pliocene tertiary. The population num- 
bers about 200 persons. 

WAXKO, E. , STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Lang, Gideon Scott ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Booligal. 
Charges, £30 lis. 8d. 

WAK00L is a county in the pastoral district of Murrumbidgee. It contains 
■674 acres of alienated land, and 1,775,326 acres unalienated. Its present boundaries, 
however, are open to modification. 

WAK00L CREEK STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Graves, J. 
B. ; estimated area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The old charges 
were £32 10s. ; the recently appraised rental is £38. 

WAK00L RIVER (Murrumbidf/ee district) is a S. branch of the Edward river 
(that river being indifferently called by both names), flowing W. from the Edward 
river about 6 miles W. of Deniliquin, through the village of Wakool and the township 
of Jegur, into the same river, about 8 miles above its confluence with the Murray 
river, after a course of about 90 miles through a flat pastoral country, well grassed, 
occasionally swampy, and intersected by numerous watercourses, which, flowing out of 
and into the branches of the Edward and the Wakool, form a complete network of 
creeks. The Wakool is fed by the Merribul, Cobul, Merang, and Neimur creeks. 
Micaceous schist and tertiary drift. 

WALANTHRY (Co. Franklin) is a postal township, in the electoral district of 
Murrumbidgee, and police district of Wagga-Wagga. It is situated on the S. side of 
the Lachlan river, 5 miles S.W. of the Wabbalong range of hills. Walanthry lies in 
a purely pastoral district, Condobolin being about 100 miles E. up the Lachlan, and 
Booligal about 80 miles S.W. down the Lachlan. The communication with these 
places is by horse or dray ; and with Sydney, 392 miles N.E., by horse or dray, via 
Condobolin, to Forbes, thence by Cobb's coach, via Bathurst, to Penrith, and thence 
by rail. Walanthry has 1 hotel, the Walanthry, a store, a post office, and a few 
private buildings. The population is 24, but within 2 miles, on the Willandra cutting, 
there are over 80 men, exclusive of women and children. A great want of efficient 
police protection is, and has for a long time been felt in the district, the nearest police 
station being 80 miles distant. The surrounding country is quite flat, except the 
ranges to the N.E. Walanthry itself is situated on an undulating and picturesque 
piece of country. The geological formation is pliocene tertiary. In the neighbourhood, 
several important cuttings, for the reservation of water, so as to supply the stations 
in time of drought, have been completed, and others are in course of formation, by the 
squatters of the district. 

WALBUNDIR STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Kidston, T. 
and Wm.; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were 
£40 ; the recently appraised rental is £100. 

WALCHA, 31° 3' S. lat., 151° 32' E. long. (Co. Vernon), is a postal township in 
the parish of Walcha, electoral district of New England, and police district of Armi- 
dale. It is situated on the Apsley river, the Bergen- ap-Zoom creek lying to the 
N. W. , and the Ohio creek and Sugar Loaf mountain to the S. E. The district is an. 
agricultural one, and has a flour mill and a tannery. The nearest places are Armidale, 
40 miles N. , and Bendemeer, 30 miles S. W. , the communication being on horseback. 
With Sydney, 300 miles N. , the communication is by coach to Bendemeer to Singleton, 
thence by rail to Newcastle, and thence by steamer. The nearest telegraph station is 
Tamworth. Walcha has a post and money order office, a small debts court, a National 
school, and 3 churches — English, Roman catholic, and Scotch. The hotels are the 
Commercial, Apsley, Walcha, and Harp of Erin. There is a branch of the Australian 
Mutual Provident society in the township. The surrounding district is mountainous, 
and the geological formation chiefly ferruginous sandstone and clay shale. The popu- 
lation of the township is about, 400 persons, and, including the neighbouring district, 
about 700 persons. 



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WALCHA (or Sugar Loaf) HILL (Co. Havjes) is a lofty peak of the New 
England range, lying at the head of the Apsley river, about 16 miles S.E. of Walcha. 
Sandstone and clay shale. 

WALCHA STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Fletcher, John ; area, 
60,000 acres ; grazing capability, 20,000 sheep. Charges, £200. 

"WALDAIRE LAKE (Co. Cairo) is a lagoon on the road from Balranald to 
Wentworth, about 12 miles W. of the former place, and on the N. bank of the 
Murray river, near the confluence of the Murrumbidgee. Older pliocene tertiary. 

WALGETT, 30° 8' S. lat., 148° 12' E. long. {Co. Denham), is a postal township 
in the electoral district of the Gwydir, and police district of Wee-Waa. It is situated, 
atffche junction of the Barwon and Namoi rivers, about 12 miles S.W. of the confluence 
of the Pagan creek with the former river. The district is strictly a pastoral one, the 
nearest townships being Wee-Waa, 100 miles E., and Bourke, more than the same 
distance W. With these places the communication is by horse only, the mail being 
carried on horseback. With Sydney, 426 miles S.E., the communication is by horse 
to Murrurundi, via Wee-Waa, Gulligal, and Carrol, thence by coach to Singleton, 
thence by rail to Newcastle, and thence by steamer. Walgett has 1 hotel, the War- 
rene. The surrounding district consists of low flat country, timbered with gum and 
box, and scrubbed with myall and saltbush. The geological formation is pliocene 
tertiary, and the population is small and scattered. 

Walgett is a police district embracing the N.E. portion of the pastoral district of 
Warrego, a N. portion of the pastoral district of Bligh, a W. portion of the pastoral 
district of Liverpool plains, and a W. portion of the pastoral district of Gwydir ; and 
bounded thence on the N. from the Barwon river, by the 29th parallel of S. lat. , being 
the boundary dividing the colonies of New South Wales and Queensland, W. , to the 
boundary dividing the runs of Bogendeena West and Brendi, on the Culgoa river ; 
thence on the W. by the back boundaries of all the runs fronting to the W. side of the 
Culgoa river, S. , including those runs to the boundary dividing Block A, or Cockellirina 
and Kunreebeeree run, thence by the boundary dividing those runs, S. E. , to the con- 
fluence of the Culgoa and Birie rivers, thence by the boundary dividing Birie No. 1 
East and Kunreebeeree East runs, S. E. , about 5 miles, thence by a line bearing S. to 
the N. boundary of Mohanna run, thence by the N. and the E. boundaries of that run, 
E. and S. , to the confluence of the Bokhara and Darling, or Barwon rivers, thence by 
the Darling, or Barwon river, upwards, to the confluence of the Macquarie river, 
thence by that river, upwards, to a point on its right bank opposite the boundary 
dividing lower Pillingowarna and Willie runs, in the pastoral district of Wellington ; 
thence on the S. by a line bearing E. to a point distant about 5 miles W. from the 
Martaguy creek, thence by the back boundaries of the runs fronting to the W. side of 
Martaguy creek, excluding those runs, N., to the N.W. corner of Quilbone run, and 
by the N. boundary of that run to Martaguy creek, thence crossing that creek by a 
line, E., to the W. corner of East Gungalma run (Messrs. Ford and Mylecharane's), 
thence by the N.W. boundaries of that run and Gungalma run (Wm. Blackman) cross- 
ing Nedgera creek at the Gungalma waterhole, N.E., to Moulma creek, thence by that 
creek to the Castlereagh river, thence by a line, E. , to the crossing of the road from 
the Castlereagh river to the Namoi over Baradine creek, about 1^ mile above the 
Bungle Gaily station ; thence on the E. by a line, N.E., to the Namoi river, at the 
junction of the boundary dividing Yarradool and Berryabar runs ; thence by that 
boundary, N., 5 miles, thence by a line, N., to the S.W. corner of Back Corian run, 
by the W. boundary of that run and Corian run, N. , to bhe N. W. corner of the latter 
run, thence by a line, N.E., to the S.E. corner of Pockataroo run, by theE. boundary 
of that run, N., to the Meei or Gwydir river, by that river, upwards, to the E. 
boundary of Collymangoul run, thence by E. and N. boundaries of that run, N. and 
W., and the E. and N. boundaries of Keelo run, N. and W., to a point 5 miles E. 
from the Barwon river, thence by a line generally parallel with the Barwon and Boomi 
rivers, and distant 5 miles E. therefrom, N.E., to the 29th parallel of S. lat., thence 
by that parallel W. to the point of commencement. The place of petty sessions is 
Walgett. 

WA.LGETT STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Richardson, Alex. 
H. ; estimated area, 38,400 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £50 ; the recently appraised rental is £175. 



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WALJEERS is a county in the pastoral district of Darling. Its present boun- 
daries, however, are open to modification. 

WALJEERS, N., STATION (Lachlan district); occupier, Peter, J. ; area, 
21,760 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is BooligaL 
Charges, £32 10s. 

WALJEERS PLAINS STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Palmer, 
Murphy, and Henty; area, 24,800 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Booligal. The old charges were £34 ; the recently appraised rental is £82. 

WALKER'S 22 CAMP BACK RUN" STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, 
Ryan and McGrath • area, 38,400 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Bourke. Charges, £30. 

WALKER'S 22 CAMP STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, Ryan and 
McGrath ; area, 38,400 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Bourke. Charges, £51 lis. 

WALKER MOUNT (Co. Cook) is a lofty peak of the Blue mountain range, 
lying near the main Western road between Hartley and Rydal. Sandstone, with 
limestone and clay shale. 

WALL AB AD AH, 31° 34' S. lat., 150° 40' E. long. (Co. Buckland), is a postal 
township in the parish of Wallabadah, electoral district of Upper Hunter, and police 
district of Murrurundi. It is situated on the Quirindi creek, in the midst of an agri- 
cultural and pastoral district. Murrurrundi, the nearest telegraph station, is 28 
miles S., and Tamworth, 32 miles N., the communication being by daily 4-horse coach. 
With Sydney, 213 miles S.E., the communication is by coach to Singleton, thence by 
rail to Newcastle, and thence by steamer. Tbe hotels are the Post Office and Royal 
Oak. The surrounding country is ridgy, consisting of basalt and conglomerate. The 
population, numbers about 61 persons. 

WALLABADAH STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Parnell, 
James W. ; area, 43,520 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £65. 

WALLABA STATION (Wellington district) ; occupiers, Thompson and Stewart ; 
area, 33,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £56 
17s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £40. 

WALLABY CREEK (Co. Roxburgh) is a small W. tributary of the Tanwarra 
creek, flowing through rugged scrubby country. The geological formation is sand- 
stone, limestone, and slate, with occasional outcropping quartz ridges. 

WALLABY, BLOCK (A) STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Moore, 
William ; area, 48,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Booligal. Charges, £32 10s. 

WALLABY, BLOCK (B) STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Cornish, E. 
B. ; area, 38,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Booligal. Charges, £90. 

WALLABY STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Moore, E. L. ; area, 32,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 900 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Booligal. 
The old charges were £54 13s. 9d. ; the recently appraised rental is £165. 

WALLABY ROCKS (Co. Roxburgh) are a number of large granite boulders, 
lying on the S. bank of the Turon river, near the junction of Wallaby and Cunning- 
ham's creeks, and about 2 miles W. of Sofala. Metamorphic slate. 

WALLACE is a county in the pastoral district of Monaro. It contains 9647 
acres of alienated land, and 1,349,753 acres unalienated. Its present boundaries, 
however, are open to modification. 

WALLAG00T LAKE (Co. Auckland) is a swampy saline lake, lying on the 
coast, in the parish of Wallagoot, and 6 miles S. E. of the township of Bega. It is 
frequented by large bodies of water fowl, that afford excellent sport. It is about 2 
miles in length from E. to W. , and 1 mile wide from N. to S. Trap rock. 

WALLAH No. 1 STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Anderson, Eustace ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 10s. 



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WALLAH No. 2 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Anderson, Eustace ; 
area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 10s. 

WALLAH No. 3 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Anderson, Eustace ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 10s. 

WALLAH No. 4 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Anderson, Eustace ; 
area, 18,200 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

WALLAH STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Forbes, F. Augustus ; area, 
31,600 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Charges, £41. 

WALLAH STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Mort, Cameron, 
and Buchanan ; estimated area, 25,600 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The 
old charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £78 15s. 

WALLAMBINE SWAMP (Co. Northumberland) is a tract of marshy land,, 
lying on the E. bank of the Macdonald river, near its junction with the Hawkesbury, 
and in the parish of Wallambine. It forms part of the Wallambine common, of 2565 
acres, and is fed by the Wallambine creek, expanding in time of flood into a lagoon. 
The town of St. Alban's lies 1 mile S. Sandstone, with fluviatile deposit. 

WALLAMBRAWNY STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Walker, Mrs. R 
R. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2500 sheep. 

WALLAMBURRAWONG CREEK (Co. Gowen, Bligh district) is a N. tribu- 
tary of the Castlereagh river, rising by two heads in mount Cowang, and flowing 
S.W. through the village of Wallamburrawong, where it is crossed by the road from 
Pampoo to Tinandry. It drains good flat pastoral land. The geological formation 
is basaltic, with deep black alluvial deposit. 

WALLAMUNDRY STATION (Lachlan district); occupier, Suttor, W. H.; 
area, 25,600 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old charges were £50; 
the recently appraised rental is £110. 

W ALLAN ANI STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Neale, Henry, Thomas ; 
area, 14,000 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

WALLAND00N HILL (Co. Hume) is a high hill on the N. bank of the Billa- 
bung creek, and about 30 miles S.W. of the township of Urana. Metamorphic slate 
and granite. 

WALLANDRA, N.E., STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Kennedy, 
Robert H. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

WALLANDRA, N., STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Kennedy, R. H. ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £80 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £200. 

WALLANDRA OUTER BLOCK (A) STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, 
Sutter, W. H. ; area, 46,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

WALLANDRA OUTER (E) STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Suttor, 
William Henry ; area, 32,000 acres ;. grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. 
Charges, £30. 

WALLANDRA OUTER RUN STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Suttor, 
W. Henry ; area, 32, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

WALLANDRA OUTER (W) STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Suttor, 
William Henry ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

WALLANDRA STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Suttor, Wm. Henry ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31. 

WALLANDRA STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Suttor, Wm. Henry ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability. 4000 sheep. Charges, £80. 

WALLANDRA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Tom, William, jun. ; 
area, 30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old charges were £50 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £166. 

WALLANDRY STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Wood Brothers ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1300 head of cattle. Charges, £32. 
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W ALL ANGOL ONG STATION [Bligh district); occupiers, Walker, Mrs. 
R. R. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were 
£28 15s. ; the recently appraised rental is £40. 

WALLANGRA STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupiers, Kussell, William and 
John William ; area, 69,760 acres ; grazing capability, 2560 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £160 ; the recently appraised rental is £250. 

WALLANIAG0 CREEK {Co. Gough) is a smaU N. tributary of the Mitchell 
river. Sandstone. 

WALLANORA BILLYB0NG No. 1 STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, 
Forlonge, William ; area, 12,800 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

WALLANORA BILLYBQNG No. 3 STATION (Lachlan district) • occupier, 
Forlonge, William- area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

WALLANORA BILLYB0NG No. 5 STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, 
Forlonge, William ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

WALLANORA BILLYB0NG No. 7 STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, 
Forlonge, William ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

WALLANORA BILLYB0NG No. 8 STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, 
Forlonge, William ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

WALLANGRA BILLYB0NG No. 9 STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, 
Forlonge, William ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

WALLANORA BILLYB0NG No. 10 STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, 
Forlonge, William ; area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

WALLANORA BILLYB0NG No. 11 STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, 
Forlonge, William ; area, 33,920 acros ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. 
Charges, £30. 

WALLARAH (Co. Northumberland). See Txjggerah Beach Lake. 

WALLARA OUTER STATION (Albert district) • occupier, Pile, James ; area 
and grazing capability uncertain. Charges, £30 5s. 

WALLARA OUTER STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Pile, James ; 
area, 64, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 5s. 

WALLAR0BBA [Co. Durham) is a line grazing district between the rivers 
Paterson and William ; the soil is not rich, but the grass is plentiful, the timber being 
very scanty, but there are also small plains clear of timber. Sandstone. 

WALLAR0BBA CREEK {Co. Durham) is a smaU W. tributary of the 
Williams' river, falling into it between Clarence town and Dungog. Granite, sand- 
stone and limestone. 

WALLAR0Y MOUNT {Co. Bowling) is a solitary hill, lying in the vast plain 
between the Lachlan and Murrumbidgee rivers, and a few miles S. of Condobolin. 

WALLAR0Y STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Suttor, W. H. ; area, 
20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £40. 

WALLAR STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Crozier, John ; area, 15,360 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32 2s. 

WALLA- WALLA STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Rundle, J. B. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. The old charges were £25 ; the recently 
appraised rental is £50. 

WALL A -WALL A and CARUYNTIL STATION {Lachlan district) • occu- 
pier, Flood, Edward ; area, 22,400 acres ; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. The 
old charges were £42 16s. 3d. ; the recently appraised rental is £91 13s. 4d. 

WALLA- WALLA STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Suttor and Bowler; 
area, 23,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £116 13s. 

WALLA- WALLA STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Henty, S. 
Stephen ; area, 44,800 acres ; grazing capability, 1500 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £100 ; the recently appraised rental is £250 14s. 



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WALLA WALLA STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Eyrie and Alex- 
ander ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

WALLA WANDA CREEK (Co. Wellington) is a small tributary of the Wara- 
magallon creek, joining it on the Louisa gold field, at the crossing of the Windeyer 
and Wellington road. Metamorphic. 

WALLENBILLEN STATION" ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Gilmore, John 
N. ; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £32 ; the recently appraised rental is £32. 

WALLENDABY STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, McKay, Donald ; 
area, 31,360 acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep and 300 head of cattle. Charges, 
£106 13s. 3d. 

WALLENDBEEN STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Mathieson, Sir 
James ; area, 83,200 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £141 17s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £140. 

WALLEROWANG {Co. Cook) is a small village, on the Mudgee road, 12 miles 
from Bowenfels. 

WALLHALLA E., STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Gill, 
John; area, 93,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. Charges, £89 10s. 

WALLHALLA W., STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Eales, 
John; area, 53,000 acres, grazing capability, 7000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

WALLHALLA STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Eales, John ; 
area, 87,040 acres; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

WALLINDALE STATION (Ifurrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Power and 
Davenport ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. The old charges were 
£25 ; the recently appraised rental is £100. 

WALLIS' CREEK {Co. Northumberland) is a S. tributary of the Hunter river, 
rising in mount Vincent, and flowing N. across the road from East to West Maitland, 
which two townships it separates, and where it is crossed by a fine wooden bridge, 
called the Victoria bridge. This creek waters the rich agricultural flat known as Louth 
park, and is fed by the Mulbring and Fishery creeks. Carbonaceous sandstone. 

WALLIS' ISLAND {Co. Gloucester) is a small island, lying in Wallis' lake, 
opposite the entrance of the Wollomba river. It is partially under^cultivation. Al- 
luvial deposit. 

Also, a small sandbank, lying on the W. side of Fullerton cove, and separated 
from the main land by a narrow channel, which is dry at low tide. Raised sand. 

WALLIS' LAKE (Co. Gloucester) is a large saltwater lake, formed by the expan- 
sion of the estuary of the Maclean and Wollomba rivers. The entrance is narrow and 
dangerous, there being a sand bar at the mouth, over which the sea breaks heavily. 
The lake is divided from the sea by the peninsula of which cape Hawke forms the most 
prominent point. Sandstone and alluvial and fluviatile drift. 

WALLIS' PLAINS ( Co. Northumberland) is the name originally given to the 
tract of flat country lying on the S. bank of the Hunter river, on which the town of 
West Maitland now stands. See Maitland, West. 

WALL0N CREEK {Gwydir district) is a small S. tributary of the Gilgil river. 
Pliocene tertiary over palaeozoic rocks. 

WALL'S CREEK [Co. Bathurst) is a small N. tributary of the Princess Char- 
lotte Vale creek, flowing in the parish of Malmsbury. Sandstone. 

WALLSEND ( Co. Northumberland) is a postal coal mining village, in the elec- 
toral district of Northumberland, and police district of Newcastle. It is situated on 
the Ironbark creek, the Hunter river running 4 miles N. , the Sugar Loaf mountains 
lying 4 miles S. , and lake Macquarie 8 miles S. The district is a coal mining one, 
there being 2 companies at work, the Wallsend and the Co-operative companies. 
Minmi lies 4 miles N., Waratah 4 miles E., and Plattsburg 1 mile N., the communi- 
cation being by car ; and with Sydney, 83 miles S., by car to Newcastle, 8 miles, and 
thence by steamer. Wallsend has an Odd Fellows' lodge (Prince of Wales lodge). 



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Tlie hotels are the Travellers' Rest, Wallsend Collier, and Co-operative. At Platts- 
burg, a small hamlet adjoining, are the Miners' Arms and the Black Diamond. The 
population numbers about 2000 persons. For the geological formation of the district 
see that of Newcastle. 

WALLTRAGILE STATION {Albert district); occupier, Fletcher, Dugald ; 
area, 48,600 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 10s. 

WALTRAGALDA STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, Smith and Reid • 
area, 87,600 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. 
Old charges, £30 ; new appraisement, £40. 

WALTJMBAN UPPER STATION (Clarence district) ; occupier, Gray, Sam. 
William ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £11. 

WAMBACK LAGOON (Co. Harden) is a swampy waterhole, lying in the 
parish of Wambat, and to the W. of the Chinaman's diggings of that name. Meta- 
morphic slate. 

WAMBADALE STATION (Liverpool jrtains district) ; occupier, Rundle, J. B. ; 
area, IS, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31. 

WAMBAGAGA STATION (Monaro district); occupier, Campbell, Mary Ann ; 
area, 19,840 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old charges, £40 ; new 
appraisement, £25. 

WAMBAH, E., STATION (Darling district) ; occupiers, Reid Brothers ; area, 
64, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. 
Charges, £60. 

WAMBAH OUTER STATION (Darling district) ; occupiers, Reid Brothers ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. 
Charges, £30. 

WAMBAH, S., STATION (Darling district) ; occupiers, Reid Brothers ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. 
Charges, £30. 

WAMBAH STATION (Darling district) ; occupiers, Reid Brothers ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. 
Charges, £31 Is. 

WAMBANDRY STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Rouse, Edwin ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1280 head of cattle. The old charges were £80 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £120. 

WAMBANGAL0NG CREEK (Co. Gordon) is a small tributary of the head of 
the Wylandra creek. Sandstone and slate. 

WAMBANGAL0NG STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, McKillop, 
Duncan ; area, 22,000 acres ; grazing capability, 44,000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Dubbo. The old charges were £80 ; the recently appraised rental is 
£104 13s. 4d. 

WAMBANUMBA (Co. MonteagU) is a small hamlet, lying 10 miles from 
Murringo. 

WAMBAT ( Co. Harden) is a Chinese gold field, lying on the Back, Wambat, 
and Demondrille creeks, on the road from Murrimboola to Young, about 9 miles N. W. 
of the former place. Metamorphic slate. 

WAMBAT CREEK (Co. Harden) is a small tributary of the head of the 
Demondrille creek. There is some good agricultural ground in the neighbourhood of 
this creek, but little of it is taken up. Metamorphic slate. 

WAM3ERAL LAKE (Co. Northumberland) is a small lagoon or inlet from the " 
sea, about a mile in length from N. to S. , lying in the parish of Kincumber, and about 
6 miles E. of Gosf ord. j Raised sand. 

WAMB00L RIVER (Cos. Bathurst, Roxburgh, Wellington, Lincoln, Gordon, 
and Bligh district), the native name of the Macquarie river. See Macquarie River. 

WAMBO PONDS ( Co. Hunter) is a small creek, rising in mount Wambo, and 



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flowing E. into the Wollombi brook near its confluence with the Hunter at Wark- 
worth, or Cockfighter's bridge. Sandstone. 

WAMBROMURRA STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Warden, 
Mrs. Elizabeth ; area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £90. 

WAMBR00K (or Waterfall) CREEK (Co. Wallace) is a tributary of the 
Upper Murrumbidgee river, flowing by two branches from the S.W. of mount Cool- 
ringdong, in the Kiandra ranges, for about 12 miles in a N.N.E. direction. The main 
road from Kiandra to Cooma crosses the two branches of this creek, about a mile 
apart, 16 miles S.E. of Seymour, and 9 miles W. of Cooma. There is a picturesque 
waterfall on the N. head of the creek. Its course is through fine open forest country. 
The geological formation is generally granitic. 

WAMBR00K STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Burchards, Frerichs ; 
area, 15,000 acres ; grazing capability, 7000 sheep. The nearest post town is Cooma. 
Charges, £102 10s. 

WAMELL STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Doyle, J. R. ; area, 20,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £21 12s. 

WAMERAWA STATION (Bligli district) ; occupier, McPhillanxy, Robert ; 
area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £30; new appraise- 
ment, £37 10s. 

WAMMERAWAH STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Sullivan, T. 
and Pitt, G-. M. ; area, 6000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£51 10s. 

WANAMINTA STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Wright, William Henry ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

WANBAN CREEK (Co. Darnpier) is a small S. tributary of the Moruya river, 
flowing into it about 10 miles from its mouth. Granite and slate. 

WANDABADURY MOUNT (Co. Wellington) is a peak in the rugged country 
lying to the N. of the Merinda gold field, and on the S. bank of the Cudgegong river. 
Trap rock. 

WANDAB17NYAY (Molle) STATION (Wellington district); area, £35,000 
acres. The old charges were £42 16s. 3d.; the recently appraised rental is £150. 

WANDANDIAN {Co. St. Vincent) is a postal village in the parish of Wandan- 
dian, electoral and police districts of Shoalhaven. It is situated on the Wandandian 
creek, the nearest river being St. ? George's basin, S. E. , into which the Wandandian creek 
flows. The basin communicates with the ocean by another navigable creek, which goes 
by the name of the Berrewerree, and affords secure shelter for vessels of which the 
tonnage is not too great, the depth of water at the embouchure ranging at high 
water from five to six feet; but the channel is variable, owing to the frequent shifting 
of the sandbanks, and liable to be disturbed by deposits brought down by floods. 
The district is partly agricultural, partly pastoral. The nearest places are N. Hus- 
kisson, at the mouth of the Currambene creek, which empties itself into Jervis' Bay. 
It was laid out by the Government as a township many years ago ; but it is only of late 
that a timber trade and ship-building has been started, which promise to bring the 
allotments formerly unsaleable into request. N. Huskisson is distant from W^andan- 
dian 11 miles. The communication is by horse between Wandandian and Green well 
point, Shoalhaven, 25 miles, and thence to Sydney by steamer, 100 miles. The roads of 
the district are under the control of a road board, the committee for the road from 
Nowra to Conjola creek. The natural features are swamps, creeks, watercourses, and 
alluvial flats, divided by ranges of moderate elevation, and bordered by the spurs and 
precipices of the lofty table land which separates the coast region from the interior. 
The formation is principally sandstone, with occasional intervals of ironstone con- 
glomerate. In the surrounding country excellent timber, principally of the varieties 
of spotted gum, ironbark, black butt, and woollybutt, is abundant. The fishing 
grounds in the neighbourhood are unsurpassed. The population is small and scattered. 

WANDANDIAN CREEK (Co. St. Vincent). See Waxdrawaxdiax Creek. 

WANDA WAND0NG CREEK (Co. Gordon) is a small tributary of the Her- 
vey's range creek. Sandstone and shale. 



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WANDELLA STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Tarlington, William 
Duggan ; area, 13,200 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Charges, £25. 

WAND00BAR STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Gill, John ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £40 ; new appraise- 
ment, £80. 

WAND0 WAND0NG STATION {Wellington district) ; occupier, Strahorne, 
John ; area, 45,000 acres ; grazing capability, 7000 sheep. The old charges were £70 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £140. 

. WANDRAWANDIAN CREEK {Co. St. Vincent) is a fine mountain stream, 
risiug to the N. of Tianjura, and flowing in an E. direction into the St. George's 
basin. Sandstone and ironstone conglomerate. 

WANDRY STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, unknown ; estimated area, 
27,000 acres ; grazing capability, uncertain. The old charges were £40 ; the recently 
appraised rental is £92. 

"WANDSWORTH {Co. Hardinge) is a small agricultural settlement, lying 
about 16 miles W. of Falconer. 

WANGAG0RY STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Booth, Charles ; area, 
18,560 acres ; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. The old charges were £42 16s. 
3d. ; the recently appraised rental is £50. 

WANGALAR00 STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Smith, Joseph ; area, 
30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

WANGANDERY CREEK {Co. Camden) is a small tributary of the Winge- 
carribee creek. Sandstone. 

WANGANELLA, 35° 12' S. lat., 144° 54' E. long. {Co. Townsend), is a postal 
township, in the parish of Wanganella, electoral district of the Murray, and police 
district of Deniliquin. It is situated on the Billabung creek, the surrounding district 
being totally a pastoral one. The nearest places are, Conargo, the next telegraph 
station, N.E. by E., 20 miles ; Deniliquin, S.E. by S., 28 miles ; Baratta, S.W. by W., 
63 miles ; Hay, N.N.W., 50 miles ; and Moulamein, W.S.W., 73 miles. The com- 
munication is by coach and horse, or private vehicle. With Sydney, 510 miles S., 
overland, the best communication is via Hay to Deniliquin by coach, thence by coach 
to Moama (Echuca, Victoria), thence by rail to Melbourne, and thence by steamer. 
There is one hotel, the Wanganella, which is also the coach office to Hay, Deniliquin, 
and Booligal. The surrounding country consists of a vast plain, the geological for- 
mation of which is pliocene tertiary, with alluvial and fluviatile drift. A neat bridge 
has lately been erected over the Billabung creek, at the township. 

WANGANELLA BLOCK (B) STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, 
Brodribb, F. and R. ; area, 40,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. 
Charges, £35. 

V/ANGANELLA BLOCK (D) STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, 
Brodribb, F. and R. ; area, 45,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. 
Charges, £35. 

WANGANELLA, N., STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Brod- 
ribb, A. W. ; estimated area, 57,600 acres ; grazing capability, 15,000 sheep. The 
old charges were £50 ; the recently appraised rental is £145. 

WANGANELLA, S., STATION {Murrumbidgee district) • occupier, Chave, 
A. T. ; estimated area, 56,600 acres ; grazing capability, 15,000 sheep. The old 
charges were £50 ; the recently appraised rental is £165. 

WANGARADGERY STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Hay, John ; 
estimated area, 17,600 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Moulamein. The old charges were £180 ; the recently appraised rental 
is £470. 

WANGARAH CREEK STATION [Monaro district) ; occupier, Brodie, Mrs. 
Margaret ; area, 6400 acres ; grazing capability, 300 head of cattle. Charges, £35. 

WANGAR0N, E., STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Blackwood, James ; 



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583 



area, 24,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Condo- 
bolin. Charges, £30 10s. 

WANGARON STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Blackwood, 
James ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability uncertain. The nearest post town is 
Condobolin. Charges, £32 10s. 

WANGAROA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Blackwood, James ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability uncertain. The nearest post town is Condo- 
bolin. Charges, £45. 

WANGELLACK STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Bradley, William ; 
area, 19,840 acres ; grazing capability, 4500 sheep. Charges, £75. 

WANGEN, N., STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Rundle, J. B. ; 
area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old charges, £30 5s. ; new 
appraisement, £50. 

WANGEN STATION [Liverpool plains district) ; M'Kenzie, Colin; estimated 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £50. 

WANGI CREEK (Co. Gloucester) is a small E. tributary of the Williams' river. 
Sandstone. 

WANGI- WANGI POINT (Co. Northumberland). See Lake MacQttarie. 

WANG00LA CREEK (Co. Bathurst) is a N. tributary of the Lachlan river, 
flowing into it at Cowra. It is fed by the Wood's flat and Binni creeks, and is crossed 
by the Cowra and Carcoar road, near its confluence with the former. To the S. of 
the crossing place this creek expands into a tolerably sized lagoon. At the upper and 
lower extremities of the creek is some tolerably good agricultural land. The geolo- 
gical formation is chiefly sandstone rock, with alluvial deposits. 

WANIORA POINT (Co. Camden) is a rocky promontory, lying between Bel- 
Iambi and Bulli, about 6 miles N. of Wollongong. Sandstone. 

WANNA-WANNA STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, Trust and Agency 
Company of Australia (limited) ; area, 41,600 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. 
The nearest post town is Wentworth. Charges, £120. 

WANOMINTA, S., STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Howell, Alfred W.; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

WANSC0MBE STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Darby, Arthur ; 
area, 27,920 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old charges were £50 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £70. 

WANTABADGERY STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Windeyer, John 
and W. C. ; estimated area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 12,000 sheep. The old 
charges were £120 ; the recently appraised rental is £125. 

WA0CK STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Cochrane and Wilson ; 
area, 23,680 acres ; grazing capability, 7000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

WARADGERY is a county in the pastoral districts of Lachlan and Murrum- 
bideee. It contains 1184 acres of alienated land, and 1,613,626 acres unalienated. 
Its present boundaries, however, are open to modification. The chief town is Hay. 

WARAMAGALL0N CREEK (Co. Wellington) is an auriferous tributary of 
the Blackwillow creek, draining the W. part of the Louisa gold field. It is fed by 
the Gowdawada and.Wallawandra creeks. Metamorphic slate. 

WARAMBA RIVER (or Creek) (Co. Gloucester) is a small S. tributary of 
the S. mouth of the Manning river. Sandstone and allvuial deposit. 

WARANARY STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Lord, G-. W.; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

WAR AT AH (Co. Northumberland) is a postal village, in the parish of Waratah, 
electoral district of Northumberland, and police district of Newcastle. It is not 
situated on any river or creek, but the river Hunter runs about \\ mile to the E. 
There is also a creek about 4| miles to the W., called Dark creek. There are no 
mills, manufactories, &c, in Waratah, but on Dark creek there is a steam saw ™i11 r 



584 



The Xev) South Wales Gazetteer. 



Coal mining is carried on extensively in the village and neighbourhood. The nearest 
places are Newcastle, 4 miles distant E. ; Lambton, 1^ miles ; and Wallsend, 4i miles 
W. The communication is by railway from Newcastle, and by road to and from Lamb- 
ton and Wallsend; and with Sydney, 79 miles N., by railway to Newcastle and 
thence by steamer. There is a school of arts in the village, the hotels being Wade's, 
Red Lion inn, and Cremorne. There is an Odd Fellows' (Rose of Australia) lodge in 
the village. The surrounding district is hilly, and of carbonaceous sandstone forma- 
tion. The population of Waratah, including miners and others, numbers about 500 
persons. An addition has lately been made to local industries in the establishment 
of a pottery at Waratah. The ware manufactured there is, at present, confined to a 
brown salt glazed stone ware and Bristol ware, but the clay used is stated to be 
equal in quality to the best Dorsetshire, and, should the success of the projectors of 
the pottery equal their anticipations, it is their intention to extend it to all descrip- 
tions of delf and china. There are now two potteries established in the vicinity of 
Newcastle, one (Mr. Welham's) at the Junction, and the other (Messrs. Turton and 
Plmnridge's) at Waratah. At the latter, at present, there is only one pugmill in 
operation for grinding the clay and thoroughly mixing and softening the mass before 
it is subjected to the manipulation of the potter, but two more are in course of erec- 
tion. The clay, being put into the pugmill, is gradually compressed and worked by 
knives, which, being placed in the form of a screw, press it to the bottom of the mill, 
and through a small hole, where it is discharged, cut off, and placed in a bin appro- 
priated to that purpose. After leaving the mill, the clay is well wedged or kneaded 
together by hand, and is then lit to put on the wheel, a broad wooden disc in a square 
trough with an iron shaft, like the shaft of a turning lathe (which the machine is, in 
reality, only that it is fixed vertically, instead of horizontally) ; the wheel is kept in 
motion by thediand labour of a boy. In an astonishingly short space of time, a shape- 
less mass of clay, under the skilful manipulation of the potter, is shaped into earthen- 
ware articles of all kinds, and in less than half an hour turned out from the same 
wheel in basins, mugs, flowerpots, jars, pans, drain pipes, and most other descriptions 
of earthenware in ordinary use. 

WARBREECEM STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, De Sailly and 
Francis ; area, 50, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Narranderra. Charges, £30 10s. 

WARBRECAN STATION [MurruTnUdgee district) ; occupier, Shanahan, Mar- 
tin ; estimated area, 48,000 acres ; grazing capability, 10,000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Narrandera. The old charges were £160 ; the recently appraised rental 
is £350. 

WARBR0 BROOK {Co. Dudley) is a small S. tributary of the Macleay river. 
Sandstone and shales. 

WARDELL {Co. Richmond) is a small agricultural township, lying on the N. 
bank of the estuary of the Richmond river. Sandstone. 

WARDRY STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Cousins, R. Y. ; area, 26,S80 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; the recently 
appraised rental is £92. 

WARD'S MISTAKE STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Nowland, 
William ; area, 81,920 acres ; grazing capability, 20,000 sheep. Charges, £226 Is. lid. 

WARENG (or Weroxg) MOUNT {Co. Northumberland) is a lofty peak of the 
Hunter range of mountains, lying on the E. bank of the Wareng creek, and in the 
parish of Burton. It is situated on the E. side of the Bulga road, about 16 miles 
W. of the township of Wollombi, and attains an altitude of 2500 feet above the level 
of the sea. Ferruginous and carbonaceous sandstone. 

WARGE ROCK STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Brown, John ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

WARG00RA STATION [Murrumbidgee district) • occupier, area, and grazing 
capability, uncertain. The old charges were uncertain ; the recently appraised rental 
is £75. 

WARHAGUR STATION {Gvydir district) ; area, 20,000 acres. The old 
charges were £50 ; the recently appraised rental is £48. 



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585 



WARIALDA, 29° 35' S. lat., 150° 31' E. long. {Co. Burnett), is a postal town 
in the parish of Warialda, electoral district of Gwydir, and police district of Warialda. 
It is situated on the Warialda creek. The Big river, Gwydir, or Meai, runs about 15 
miles, and the Macintyre, N.E., about 30 miles. The district is partly agricultural, 
chiefly pastoral, and, to a small extent, mining, the Bingara alluvial gold fields lying 
distant about 34 miles S. The nearest places are Bingara, 25 miles S. ; Moree, 50 
miles S.W.; and Yetman, 60 miles N.E. ; the communication being by horse or dray. 
With Sydney, 363 miles S., there is direct communication by horse post, via Tamworth, 
twice a week, distance about 400 miles. There are coaches from Tamworth daily to 
Singleton, thence by rail to Newcastle, and by steamer thence to Sydney. Warialda 
has a hospital and a National school. The hotels are the Gwydir, the Gwydir Arms 
inn, and the Race Horse inn. The surrounding country is ridgy, consisting of open 
forest and alluvial fiats, mostly elevated. The geological formation is sandstone and 
limestone ; also granite, with drift sand in the immediate neighbourhood. The 
population numbers about 106 persons. There is a court of petty sessions (which is 
the head-quarters of the Crown lands department in the Gwydir district) , a Crown 
lands agency office, and a court of requests. Warialda is periodically visited by a church 
of England and a Roman catholic clergymen. There are annual races. It is in the 
electoral districts of the Liverpool plains and Gwydir. The nearest telegraph station 
is at Tamworth, 140 miles. 

Warialda is a police district, embracing the greater portion of the pastoral district of 
the Gwydir, and bounded on the N. by the Dumaresq and Macintyre rivers, downwards, 
from the W. boundary of the pastoral district of New England to the 29th parallel of 
S. latitude ; thence on the S. by that parallel, E. , to a point 5 miles E. from the 
Boomi river ; thence on the W. by a line, S.W., generally parallel with the Boomi 
and Barwon rivers, and 5 miles distant from those rivers to the N. boundary of the 
Keelo run ; thence by the N. boundary of that run, E. , and by the E. boundary of 
that run, S., and the N. and the E. boundaries of Collimangoul run, E. and S., to the 
Meei, or Gwydir river, by that river, downwards, and the E. boundary of Pockataroo 
run, S. , to the S. watershed of the Gwydir river ; thence on the S. by the range 
forming the S. watershed of that river, S. E. and E. , to the W. boundary of the pas- 
toral district of New England ; and on the E. by that boundary, being the fall at the 
W. extreme of the table land, N. , to the N. W. corner of that district at the Dumaresq 
river, aforesaid. The places of petty sessions are Warialda, Bingara, and Moree. 

WARIALDA (or Reedy) CREEK (Co. Burnett, Gwydir district) is a stream, 
auriferous at its lower end, rising by two heads, and flowing generally S.W. through 
the township of Warialda into the Gwydir river. The N. head rises in mount Bal- 
four, and the S. head in the Byron plains, the confluence being at the S.W. foot of 
mount Cragin. The country through which it flows is pastoral, a considerable por- 
tion being taken up by squatters. The geological formation is granitic, gold, garnets, 
sapphires, and tin ore appearing in its detritus. 

WARKWARTH, 32° 33' S. lat.. 151° 2' E. long. {Co. Northumberland), is a 
postal township, in the parish of Warkwarth, electoral and police districts of Patrick's 
plains. It is situated on the Great Northern road, and on the Wollombi brook, 5 
miles S. of the Hunter river, and 3 miles E. of the Wambo mountain. The district 
is agricultural and pastoral, the township of Singleton being about 8 miles E., and 
Jerry's plains 8 miles W. The communication is by horse or dray ; and with Sydney, 
135 miles S. , by rail from Singleton to Newcastle, and thence by steamer. The hotels 
are the Crooked Billet, Gold Diggers' Arms, and Three Brothers' inn. The surround- 
ing country is gently undulating and elevated ; the geological formation is sandstone, 
with numerous coal seams, the river flats being alluvial. Warkworth has 2 stores, a 
post office, and a public pound. The population numbers about 500 persons in the 
neighbourhood. 

WARLAND'S CREEK {Co. Brisbane) is a tributary of the head of the Page 
river, rising in the Liverpool range, and falling into the main stream at Murrurundi. 
Sandstone and shale. 

WARMATTA STATION (Murrumbtdgee district) ; occupier, Mackay, George 
Edward; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2500 sheep. The old charges were 
£35 ; the recently appraised rental is £45. 

WARNET0N (Co. Dudley) is a post office on the Warneton estate, in the parish 



586 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



[War 



of Yarravel, electoral district of Hastings, and police district of Macleay. It is 
situated on the N. bank of the Macleay river, between Frenchman's and Warne's 
creeks, about 6 miles above East Kempsey, but on the opposite bank. The river is 
navigable for coasting vessels of light draft — say 6 feet — as far as the first falls, -which are 
about 2 miles higher up. Being a mountainous country, the district is full of numerous 
small creeks. The proprietor of the estate (Mr. J. Warne) has a cattle boiling estab- 
lishment, which formerly was patronised extensively by cattle and sheep owners in 
New England, but since the gold discovery, little has been done there, except boilingdown 
his own old or wild cattle. He has also a soap manufactory for the supply of the 
neighbourhood, but not for export. There is a steam flour mill about 4 miles lower down 
the river, to which is attached a circular saw for sawing timber. The lower Macleay 
river is principally an agricultural district, its principal product being maize, which 
is in high repute in the Sydney market ; the upper part is pastoral, but more of a 
breeding country than fattening, the proprietors of runs sending large numbers of 
store cattle to Deniliquin, and also to the northward. The other products and exports 
of the lower Macleay are potatoes, oranges, pumpkins, fowls, eggs, pigs, bacon, and 
hides. Gold has been found in small quantities in Mackenzie's, Felter's, and George's 
creeks, and Long flat on the upper Macleay. The country requires prospecting. 
The banks of the river and creeks are the principal parts cultivated ; lately, sugar has 
been introduced by several farmers, but not to a great extent. The soil is very rich, 
never requiring manure, maize being grown on it for 20 continuous years. East and 
West Kempsey are about 5 to 6 miles lower down the river — about E. Courts of 
petty sessions are held by the magistrates at West Kempsey (.N bank), where there is 
a court house : circuit courts for the trial of civil cases, (but not criminal which are 
tried at port Macquarie), are held there twice a year. There is a good dray road from 
Warneton to West Kempsey, also on the N. bank, with a horse ferry at West 
Kempsey, plying between it and the S. bank, and when there are no freshes the river 
may be crossed by drays or horses at the fall at Belgrave, about 3 miles higher up, 
and thence by the S. bank to East Kempsey or port Macquarie. The best means of 
communication with Sydney, 277 miles S., are by sea ; there is also a road to port 
Macquarie, and from thence to Eaymond terrace, crossing the Manning river. At port 
Macquarie and the Manning, vessels may be procured : a small steamer (the Nautilus) 
plies on the river with a large barge, holding about 3000 bushels corn, which she takes 
to large vessels at the mouth of the river, or to the steamer Grafton when running. 
There are no hotels in Warneton ; there is 1 hotel in East and 1 in West Kempsey, 
and 1 at Frederickton. The immediate neighbourhood is flat, being the alluvial 
banks of the river — perhaps 40 feet above high water mark ; the surrounding country 
is undulating, backed up to the W. with very high mountains, gradually ascending to 
the table land of New England, from which immense spurs are thrown out, in the 
interstices of which are creeks, very rapid in flood. Limestone is found near Yarra- 
vel, about 4 miles hence, and large beds of antimony ore at Toorooco, on the bank of 
the river, about 20 miles W. The rocks hereabouts are of winstone and slate ; higher 
up the river quartz ranges, slate, and granite, the latter particularly at Long flat, 
about 50 miles W. The population of Warneton is about 12 persons. Warneton is 
the principal shipping place for the N. bank of the upper Macleay above the Falls, and 
for the S. bank above Dungay creek, the drays crossing at the falls at Yarravell, 
about 4 miles W. distant ; large quantities of maize, bacon, eggs, and hides are annually 
shipped there. When the new line of road to New England is opened, the proprietor 
will probably lay Warneton out as a township. 

WARNING MOUNT (Co. Rous) is a lofty peak, spurring in a S. direction from 
Macpherson's range, and lying at the head of the Tweed river. It is a well known 
landmark for coasting vessels, rising 27 miles W.N.W. from cape Byron, and from its 
comparatively great elevation, 3353 feet above the level of the sea, is visible in fine 
weather fully 60 miles distant. The surrounding country is hilly and well wooded, 
and has altogether a more fertile appearance than is usually seen so near the sea at 
this part of the coast. Sandstone. 

WARN0CK CREEK (Co. Denison), a small creek watering flat pastoral country, 
and flowing N. into Tuppal creek. Pliocene tertiary. 

WARONARA (Co. Cumberland) is a hundred, comprising the parishes of 
Sutherland, Wattamolla, Bulgo, and Heathcote. 



Wak] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 587 



WAROO STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Costello, Michael; area, 32,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £25. 

WARRABARRABRI ISLAND {Co. Clarence). See Harwood Islands. 

WARRABERRY and ST. GILES STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, 
"Wagstaff, Thomas ; area, 46,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old . 
charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £40. 

WARRABUNGLE (or Arbuthxot) RANGE {Liverpool plains district) is the 
name given to the W. prolongation of the Liverpool range. It consists of a series of 
steep and lofty peaks, which, viewed at a distance, assume a variety of fantastic 
forms. The prevailing rocks are trap and granite, and the surrounding soil is of ex- 
cellent quality. Numerous springs are found in this range. The highest point is 
mount Exniouth, which attains an elevation of 3000 feet above the level of the sea. 
Mr. Woods, in his history of the discovery and exploration of Australia, gives the fol- 
lowing description of this range: — "The range now loomed before them (Oxley's 
party) with great magnificence ; its sides were clothed with timber, and the gullies 
were here and there grassy, but the summits were naked sharp rocks, which threw 
out a bold and jagged outline into the sky. The N. extremity of the range was 
named mount Exmouth ; the centre mount Harrison ; and the S. end Vernon's peak. 
Mount Exmonth was the highest, and on the 8th August they started to ascend it. 
At its base they crossed a pretty stream of water, which had its source in the mount, 
and meandered over the plains in a more picturesque manner than water had 
appeared to do since the early part of their journey. It took nearly two hours' hard 
labour to ascend the rugged summit, but they were rewarded by a most extensive view 
of the surrounding country. " Copjjer ore has been found in this range. 

WARRADERRY STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Cooper and Buck- 
land ; area, 35,200 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £50 ; the recently appraised rental is £55. 

WARRADUGGA CREEK (Co. Wellington) is a small S. tributary of the 
Cudgegong river, rising in mount Yanumin, and flowing through the N. part of the 
Merinda gold field. The geological formation is metamorphic slate. 

WARRAGAMBA RIVER {Co. Westmoreland) is the name of a fine stream, 
formed by the confluence of the Wollondilly and Cox's rivers, and flowing into the 
Nepean, or upper part of the Hawkesbury river. It is fed by the Werriberri creek, 
and flows through rugged and scrubby country in a general N.E. direction about 16 
miles. Sandstone. 

WARRAG00DIANA STATION {Lachlan district) ■ occupier, Smith, Joseph ; 
area, 13,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 
WARRA HARRE {Co. Tara). See Victoria Lake. 

WARRAH CREEK (Co. Buchland) is a S. tributary of the Borambil creek, 
rising near the Cedar Brush gap, on the road from Scone to Quirindi, and flowing N. 
It is crossed by that road twice, near the Warrah cattle station. Upper and middle 
palaeozoic. 

WARRAH HILL ( Co. Buchland) is a spur of the Liverpool range, running N„ 
from near mount Towarri, and dividing the Warrah and Jack's creeks. Trap 
rock. 

WARRAH STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Australian Agri- 
cultural company ; area, 12,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£70. The nearest post town is Murrurundi. 

WARRAMATTY, E., STATION {Albert district) • occupier, Acres, E. H. A. ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £30 ; new appraise- 
ment, £40. 

WARRAMATTY, W., STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Suttor, Andrew; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

WARRA1O00L STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, White, James; 
area, 14,720 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

WARRANARY, S., STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Smith, J. ; area, 
16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32. 



588 The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



WARRANARY, W., STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Smith, Joseph • 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32. 

WARRANG0R0GRA STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Osborne, 
J. and H. ; area, 24,000 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. Charges, £60. 

WARRANG0NG STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Campbell, George ; 
area, 1600 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £'60. 

WARRANGUNIA CREEK (Co. Boxburgh) is the S. head of Cunninghams, 
creek, rising in the swampy country to the S.W. of Keen's swamp, and flowing W. 
about 5 miles through country taken up by small farmers. The geological formation 
is sandstone, limestone, and slate, with occasional outcropping quartz ridges. 

WARRAN BACK STATION (BUgh district) ; occupier, Flood, Edward ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

WARRAN STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Oakes and Josephson ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1280 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£80 ; the recently appraised rental is £150. 

WARRA WANDA CREEK (Co. Wellington) is a S. auriferous tributary of 
the Meroo river, flowing in the Louisa creek gold fields, and falling into the main 
stream at the Maitland bar diggings. Metamorphic slate. 

WARRA W0L0NG MOUNT (Co. Northumberland) is a high peak in the 
Hunter range, lying in the parish of Hay, about 9 miles S.E. of Wollombi, and 26 
miles S.S.W. of Maitland. This peak was one of Sir T. Mitchell's trigonometrical 
stations, and attains an altitude of 2500 feet above the level of the sea, and 1700 feet 
above its immediate base. It is cleared, except its summit, where a few trees have 
been left standing. This mountain is an important landmark for vessels at sea, 
where it is known as Hat hill. Ferruginous and carboniferous sandstone. 

WARREE STATION (BUgh district) ; occupier, Humphrey, Charles H. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £50. 

WARREG0 is a pastoral district, lying on the right bank of the Darling river, 
to the S. of the Queensland boundary, and to the E. of the pastoral district of Albert. 
It has an area of 10,000 square miles, and a population numbering about 250 persons. 
The post towns are Bourke and Brenda. Live stock: 882 horses; 62,174 horned 
cattle ; 62,069 sheep ; and 36 pigs. 

WARREGO RIVER ( Warrego district) ; is a N. fine tributary of the upper 
Darling river, joining it about 40 miles below fort Bourke. It rises in the ranges to 
the S. of Buckland's table land in the colony of Queensland, and flows S., crossing 
the dividing line into New South Wales, in about 145° 35' E. long., where it flows 
through arid country past the W. of a range of low sand hills. Its course in New South 
Wales is about 100 miles in length, through poor, sandy, and stony country, with 
belts of myall scrub. It occasionally, however, expands into large waterholes, round 
which is good pasturage for stock. The Warrego is fed by the Irara creek, both the 
streams sometimes becoming dry. At the lower end of the Warrego, near its fall into 
the Darling, a large dam has been constructed by the squatters of the district, by 
means of which water is available for a long time after the river has ceased to flow. 
The geological formation is pliocene tertiary, with alluvial deposit and occasional 
dykes of outcropping basalt along the bed of the creek. 

WARREGO No. 4 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Mackintosh, John; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £20. 

WARREGO No. 5 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Mackintosh, John ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £50. 

WARREGO No. 6 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Mackintosh, John ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £50. 

WARREGO No. 7 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Mackintosh, John ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31. 

WARREGO No. 8 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Mackintosh, John ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31 Is. 



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589 



WARREGO No. 9 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Mackintosh, John ; 
area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 Is. 

WARREGO No. 10 STATION" ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Mackintosh, John ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 Is. 

WARREGO No. 11 STATION {Warrego district) ; occupier, Mackintosh, John ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 Is. 

WARREGO No. 12 STATION" ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Mackintosh, John ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 Is. 

WARREGO No. 13 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Mackintosh, John, 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 Is. 

WARREGO No. 14 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Mackintosh, John ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 Is. 

WARREGO No. 15 STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Mackintosh, John j 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 Is. 

WARREGO No. 16 STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Mackintosh, John ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 Is. 

WARREGO, W., No. 1 STATION {Warrego district); occupier, Mackintosh, 
John; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 Is. 

WARREGO, W., No. 2 STATION (Warrego district); occupier, Mackintosh, 
John ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 Is. 

WARREGO, W., No. 3 STATION (Warrego district); occupier, Mackintosh; 
John ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31 Is. 

WARREGO, W., No. 4 STATION ( Warrego district); occupier, Mackintosh, 
John ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 Is. 

WARREGO, W., No. 6 STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Edwards, 
Frank ; area, 20,500 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £17. 

WARREGO, W., No. 7 STATION (Warrego district); occupier, Edwards, 
Frank; area, 20,800 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £17. 

WARREGO, W., No. 8 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, .Edwards, 
Frank; area, 20,600 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £17. 

WARREGO, W., No. 9 STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Edwards, 
Frank ; area, 35,200 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £28. 

WARREGO, W., No. 10 STATION (Warrego district); occupier, Cummins, 
Michael J. ; area, 39, 700 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £363. 

WARREGO, W., No. 11 STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Cummins, 
Michael J.; area, 19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £34. 

WARREGO, W., No. 12 STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Cummins, 
Michael J.; area, 30,700 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £54. 

WARREGO, W., No. 13 STATION (Warrego district); occupier, Forlonge, 
William ; area, 45,400 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £70. 

WARREGO, W. No. 14 STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Forlonge, 
William; area, 49,300 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £100. 

WARREGO, W. No. 15 STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Forlonge, 
William; area, 33,900 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £53. 

WARREGO, W. No. 16 STATION (Warrego district); occupiers, Forlonge, 
William ; area, 17,300 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £27. 

WARREN, 31° 45' S. lat., 147° 42' E. long. (Co. Oxley), is a postal town, in the 
electoral district of the Bogan, and police district of Dubbo. It is situated on the 
left bank of the Macquarie river. Gruningba creek lies about 1 mile from Warren, on 
the W. side of the township ; the Beleringa creek, about 5 miles N.W. ; and Bun- 
dama creek, 5 miles S.E. The district is almost exclusively a pastoral one. The 
nearest township is Dubbo, distant about 75 miles in an E . direction, and situated on 
the right bank of the Macquarie river. The communication is by a 2-horse mail 



590 



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[War— Was 



coach, which runs once a week to and fro to Dubbo. With Sydney, 312 miles S.E., 
the communication is by weekly mail coach, via Dubbo to Penrith, and thence by 
rail. There is one hotel, the Travellers' Home, in the township ; also, a post office. 
The surrounding country is low and subject to innundation. The population numbers 
about 70 persons. The geological formation is granite and tertiary deposit. 

WARREN CREEK, No. 2 STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Flood, Walter; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Old charges, £30 ; new 
appraisement, £30 10s. 

WARREN'S CORNER STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Agnew, 
Henry ; area, 9500 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

WARREN, S., STATION (Gwydir district); occupier, Town, John, sen.; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £33 13s. 

WARREN STATION (Givydir district) ; occupier, Town, John ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £35. 

WARRE-WARRAH CREEK (Co. Northumberland) is a small tributary of 
the Mangrove creek. Sandstone. 

WARRIGAL STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Napier, Robert ; area, 
25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

WARRI MOUNT (Co. Murray) is a high peak in the Gourock range of the 
Australian Alps. It lies at the head of the Modbury creek, and on the W. bank of 
the Shoalhaven river, about 12 miles N.W. of Braidwood. Sandstone. 

WARRINA STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Buchanan, W. F. ; area, 
25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £92 16s. 3d. ; the 
recently appraised rental is £100. 

WARROBIL CREEK (Co. Bligh) is a small N. tributary of the Cudgegong 
river, falling into it near Wiadere. Metamorphic slate. 

WARROBIL MOUNT (Co. Gordon) is a high peak of Hervey's range, lying at 
the head of the Rocky ponds. Granite. 

WARR00 CREEK (Co. Murray) is a small E. tributary of the Murrumbidgee 
river, flowing in the Yass plains, about 6 miles along the N. side of the road from 
Yass to Kiandra. Slate and limestone. 

WARR0WRIE STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Campbell, G. ; area. 
19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £60. 

WARRY STATION (Lachlan district); occupier, Lee, William; area, 31,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old charges were £61 17s. 6d.; 
the recently appraised rental is £203. 

WARRY STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Laidlaw, Thomas ; area, 
26,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £30 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £66 13s. 4d. 

WART AGO STATION (Albert district); occupiers, Howitt, P. and O.; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

WARWICK PLAINS ( Co. Bathurst) is the name given to a tract of fine undu- 
lating pastoral and agricultural land, lying on the N. bank of the Lachlan river, in the 
S.W. part of the county, and in the parish of Glenlogan. The road from Bathurst 
to Binalong passes over these plains, which lie about 8 miles W. of Cowra. The 
geological formation of these plains is granitic, with occasional patches of alluvial soil. 

WASHED- A WAY CREEK (Co. Argyle) is a small auriferous creek, having a 
few persons working on it, and lying to the W. of the Shoalhaven river, about 9 
miles S.E. of Bungonia. Slate and limestone. 

WASHP00L CREEK ( Co. Clive) is a small N. tributary of the Tenterfield 
creek, rising in the rugged country to the N.E. of Tenterfield township, and flowing 
S. W. , about 6 miles. Granite and limestone. 

WASHP00L CREEK (Co. Drake) is a small W. tributary of the Clarence 
river, flowing through scrubby pastoral country. Sandstone. 



Was — Wat] The N~ew South Wales Gazetteer. 



591 



WASP ISLAND (Co. St. Vincent) is a small rocky island, lying to the S.E. of 
the estuary of the Benandra creek, and opposite Nelligen. Sandstone. 

WAT AG AN (or Sugar Loaf) CREEK (Co. Northumberland) is the S. head 
of the WoLlombi brook, rising in mount Warrawolong, and joining the N. head (or 
branch) at Wollombi township. Sandstone and clay shales. 

WATAMONDERA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Allen, John ; 
area, 23,040 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£40 ; the recently appraised rental is £60. 

WATERBEACH (Co. Roxburgh) is a diggings on the Turon river gold field, 
lying about 5 miles W. of Sofala. Metamorphic slate. 

WATERH0LE CREEK [Co. Cowley) is a W. tributary of the Murrumbidgee 
river, rising in the rugged country N. of Pig hill. Granite and trap rock. 

WATERH0LE CREEK {Co. Hurray) is a small drainage creek, flowing about 
4 miles parallel with the E. bank of the Murrumbidgee river, and falling into the 
Stony creek, near its mouth. Slate and limestone. 

WATERH0LES STATION (Wellington district); occupier, Johnson, David; 
estimated area, 8000 acres ; grazing capability, 6-iO head of cattle. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £25. 

WATERFALL CREEK (Co. Buccleugh) is a small creek, rising in the S. of 
the Blowering range, and flowing W. into the Tuniut river, near the township of Tal- 
bingo. There is a small cataract on this creek, which runs through rugged, scrubby 
country. Also a small N. tributary of the Gooburragandra creek, rising in the S. 
slope of mount Tumorrama, and flowing S.W. about 10 miles through well grassed 
pastoral country. There is a small cataract at the upper end of this creek. Meta- 
morphic slate. 

WATERFALL CREEK (Co. Wallace). See Wambrook Creek. 

WATERFALL CREEK (Co. Westmoreland) is a stream of fine water, rising 
in the fertile country S. of Mutton's falls, and flowing N. about 8 miles into the Fish 
river. Sandstone and limestone, with deep alluvial deposit. 

WATERLOO (Co. Cumberland) is a postal suburban municipality, in the parish 
of Alexandria, electoral district of Paddington, and police district of Sydney. It is 
situated on the road from Sydney to Botany. Botany bay lies about 3 miles S. ; 
there are several small hills in the municipality, the most prominent being known as 
Jee's hill. There is a large wool washing establishment (formerly a cloth manufac- 
tory), and a number of smaller ones, several boiling down establishments, and a sugar 
works, also a newly erected rope works (Forsyth's). See Surry Hills. Waterloo 
lies to the S. of Surry hills, S. and E. of Redfern, and N. of Botany. Busses run 
regularly through the day to and from Sydney, and Botany and Redfern to Waterloo. 
The hotels are the Grinding Young, Beehive, Buckland, Waterloo Retreat, and several 
others. Nearly the whole of Waterloo (consisting of the Waterloo and mount 
Lachlan estates) is the property of the heirs of Sir Daniel Cooper, held in trust by 
that gentleman and Thomas Buckland, Esq. , and let on 99 years leases. The greater 
portion of the township is built on a flat, with rising ground on the E. arid S., and con- 
sisting of sandstone, covered with clay, pipeclay, loam, and drift sand. The popula- 
tion numbers about 1700 persons. The municipality was proclaimed 16th May, 1860. 
The estimated annual value of rateable property within it is £18,500, from which 
(including government aid) it derived in the year 1864 an income of £1472 6s. 9d. 
Its expenditure during that year was £1512 2s. 8d. The extent of its roads and 
streets is 10 miles, and the number of registered electors 490. 

WATERLOO CREEK (Co. Jamison, Liverpool plains district) is a small tribu- 
tary of the Ghean creek. Granite, with alluvial drift. 

WATERLOO PLAINS (Co. Gough) is the name given to a tract of fine pastoral 
country, lying between the townships of Glen limes and WeHingrove. It is well 
grassed and watered, and consists of fine open undulating downs. Trappean formation. 

WATERLOO PLAINS STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Gilmore, 
John N. ; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Dubbo. Charges, £31 Is. 



592 



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[Wat 



WATERLOO STATION (New England district ; occupiers, Allan, Street, and 
Norton ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 10,000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Glen Innes. Charges, £80. 

WATERLOO STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Mclntyre, Mary ; 
area, 92,160 acres ; grazing capability, 20,000 sheep. The nearest post town is Glen 
Innes. The old charges were £135 12s. 6d.; the recently appraised rental is £240. 

WATERLOO, SWAMP (Co. 'Cumberland) is a tract of marshy land in the 
parish of Alexandria, and suburban municipality of Waterloo. It lies to the S. of 
Sydney, the new Botany-road passing through it. It is, to a great extent, covered 
with coarse grass, reeds, and scrub, and supplies a considerable quantity of water to 
the Botany water works for the use of the city. Ferruginous sandstone. 

WATERVIEW BAY (Go. Cumberland) is a small bay, on the S. side of port 
Jackson, and in the suburb of Balmain, about one mile and a quarter in a straight line 
W. from the centre of Sydney. The mouth of the bay is sheltered by Goat island, 
and at its head are situated Mort's, and the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation 
Company's slip and dry dock, and anchorage for the English mail ships. Sandstone. 
See also Balmain. 

WATSON'S BAY, 33° 50' S. lat., 151° 19' E„ long. (Co. Cumberland), is a postal 
village in the parish of Alexandria, electoral district of Canterbury, and police 
district of Sydney. It is situated on a small sandy bight of the same name, lying 
about half a mile inside and S. of the inner South head of port Jackson, about 7 miles 
E.N.E. of Sydney. The hamlet is composed chiefly of the dwellings of the port 
Jackson pilots, and a few fishermen. There are also several suburban residences of 
mercantile and other gentlemen having business in Sydney ; and the village is, par- 
ticularly during the summer months, a favourite place of resort for picnic parties, and 
pleasure seekers. The nearest place is the village of Double bay, distant about 4 
miles S.W. on the main road to Sydney. The outer South head, lighthouse, and signal 
and telegraph station, is situated about three quarters of a mile S.S.E. of the village, 
also on the road to Sydney, the communication being from the outer South head by 
omnibus twice a day. Watson's bay has a post office, and 1 hotel, the Marine ; there 
is a very fine zoological collection kept here. There are also 2 other hotels at 
the South head (outer), the Signal, (Leftwych'sJ, and Watkinson's Family. This 
latter place (the outer South head), is also a favourite place of resort for pleasure 
seekers, and from a spot about a quarter of a mile from it, on the new road to Sydney, 
may be obtained one of the finest views of port J ackson which can be had. To the 
E. of the village of Watson's bay, and distant about 200 yards from it, is the 
celebrated Gap (see Gap), and a little further S. the spot where the ill-fated Dunbar 
was wrecked, August 20th, 1857. The village and the Sydney road are under the 
control of the municipality of Woollahra. There is also another road leading to 
Sydney beside the one referred to, and which, leading through Waverley and Pad- 
dington, ia known as the Old South Head road. The new one is, however, the best 
and nearest route. The surrounding country is hilly, exceedingly rocky, barren, and 
scrubby. It is composed chiefly of Sandstone, useful for building purposes. The 
population numbers 237 persons. 

WATSON TAYLOR'S LAKE (Co. Macquarie) is the S. part of Camden 
Haven, which see. 

WATTAGAR STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Cobcroft, John, jun. • 
area, 30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. Charges, £50. 

WATTA RIVER (Warrego, Albert, and Darling districts), one of the native 
names of the Darling river. Pliocene tertiary. 

WATTAWA CREEK (Co. Wellington) is a small tributary of the head of the 
Trianbil creek, falling into it at Hall, Palmer and Aspin'alL's 640 acres (Tatuali.) 
Micaceous schist and shale. 

WATTI CREEK STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Flood, E. W. ; area, 
12,940 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the recently 
appraised rental is £40. 

WATTLE CREEK {Co. Camden) is a small tributary of the Nepean river. 

Sandstone. 



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593 



WATTLE CREEK {Co. Durham) is a small W. tributary of the Williams' river, 
falling into it at its lower end. Sandstone. 

WATTLE CREEK {Co. King) is a S. tributary of the Grubben Cullen creek, 
rising in the W. slope of the Australian Alps, and flowing through finely grassed, 
undulating pastoral country, into the main stream, after a course of about 12 miles. 
Metamorphic slate and limestone. 

WATTLE CREEK {Co. Wynyard) is a small tributary of the head of the 
Tarcatta creek, flowing through the flat, boggy country to the N. of Mane's range. 
Granite and schist. 

WATTLE PLAT {Go. Roxburgh) is a postal mining township, in the electoral 
district of East Macquarie, and police district of Bathurst. It is situated on the 
line of road from Bathurst to Sofala, and on a table land lying 2000 feet above the 
level of the sea. The Turon river is 7 miles N. The district is a mining one (alluvial 
and quartz), forming portion of the Turon diggings, there being 2 quartz-crushing 
mills on the flat. Sofala lies 7 miles 1ST. , the village of Peel 14 miles S. W. , and Lime- 
kilns about 8 miles S.E. The communication is by daily mail coach ; and with 
Sydney, 141 miles S.E., by coach, via Bathurst to Penrith, and thence by rail. The 
nearest hospital is at Sofala. The hotels are the Diggers' Rest (Saunders'), Union 
(M'Cuddin's), Prospect (Pidding's), Butchers' Arms (Smead's), and Junction (Camp- 
bell's). The surrounding country is mountainous, consisting of ferruginous sand- 
stone, red clay, and metamorphic slate. The district is well supplied with stringy 
bark, gum, and box timber, from the forests in the neighbourhood. The population 
numbers about 2000 persons in the whole district. 

WATTLE PONDS {Co. Durham) is a small N. tributary of the Hunter river. 
Sandstone. 

WAUGHANDARY STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Cope, Joseph ; 
area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£30 ; the recently appraised rental is £80. 

WAUANGAMBONE STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Gibson, George » 
estimated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £50 ; the recently appraised rental is £100. 

WAURD0NG CREEK (Co. Wellington) is a N. auriferous tributary of the 
Pyramul creek, rising in the Louisa creek. It is fed by the Budy, Dun-Dun, and 
Wollarong creeks. Metamorphic slate. 

WAVERLEY {Co. Cumberland) is a postal village, suburban to Sydney, in the 
parish of Alexandria, electoral district of Paddington, and police district of Sydney. 
It is situated on the old South Head road, about 4 miles E. of Sydney.. 
Waverley is chiefly occupied by the villa residences of gentlemen having business in 
the city. There is, however, a windmill (Clough's), not now used ; a soap works. 
(Allan's) ; a soap and candle works (Dickson's) ; and a blacking and fireworks manu- 
factory (Scott's). There are, also, 4 quarries of excellent freestone. With Sydney 
there is communication by 'bus every hour. The hotels are the Tea Gardens, Waver- 
ley Hotel, Charing Cross, and Robin Hood. The district is elevated, and has a popu- 
lation of about 900 persons. Waverley has a post office, a church, and a handsome 
municipal council chamber, erected during the tenure of office of Charles St. Julian, 
Esq., the third chairman of the Waverley municipality. This building was the first 
council chamber built in the colony. 

This municipality was proclaimed on the 13th June, 1859. The estimated annual 
value of rateable property within it, is £15,947, from which (including Government 
aid it derived in the year 1864 an income of £1628 9s. 8d. ), its expenditure during • 
that year was £1605 10s. 7d. The extent of its roads and streets is 70 miles, and the 
number of registered electors, 377. 

WAVERLEY STATION {Albert district); occupier, De Sailly, G. P.; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30, 

WAYO MOUNT {Co. Argyle) is a high detached mountain, lying in the parish 
of Wayo, about 10 miles N.W. of Goulburn, and near the new line of road from that 
place to Tuena. The Sulky ponds and the Wayo creek rise in this mountain. Meta- 
morphic slate and granite. 

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WEAH-WAA CREEK {Co. Courallie, Gwydir district) is a fine stream, flowing 
through good pastoral country, from the Nandewar range, where it rises, into the 
Gvrydir river, about 12 miles W. of Moree. It passes through the village of Tyemah, 
where it is crossed by the road from Narrabri to Moree. The geological formation of 
the country through which it flows is granitic, with pliocene tertiary drift. 

WEALBAH BLOCK (A) STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Sweeny, 
John and Daniel; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The 
nearest post town is Booligal. Charges, £40. 

WEALBAH BLOCK (C) STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Sweeney, 
John and Daniel ; area, 38,400 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The 
nearest post town is Booligal. Charges, £32 10s. 

WEALBAH BLOCK (B) STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Sweeney, 
John and Daniel ; area, 30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The 
nearest post town is Booligal. Charges, £35. 

WEALBAH BLOCK (D) STATION {Lachlan district) : occupier, Suttor, J. 
B.; area, 32,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Booligal. Charges, £35. 

WEANDRE CREEK {Co. Wellington) is an auriferous E. tributary of the 
Stony creek. Metamorphic slate. 

WEATHERBOARD, 33° 42' S. lat., 150° 23' E. long. {Co. Cook), is a postal 
village in the electoral and police district of Hartley, situated on the Weatherboard 
creek, and on the main W. road from Sydney to Bathurst. The Nepean river lies to> 
the E. , and Cox's and Lett rivers to the W. Weatherboard is merely a roadside 
village, and halting place for the Bathurst mail coaches. It lies 25 miles W. of Pen- 
rith, and 21 miles E. of Hartley ; the communication with those places, as well as 
with Bathurst and Sydney (the latter 59 miles E. ) being by daily mail coach, also by 
day coach thrice a week. There is a well-known hotel in the village, the Weather- 
board inn. The surrounding country is elevated more than 3000 feet above the level 
of the sea ; it is much broken, and intersected by deep ravines. In his " Naturalist's 
Voyage," Darwin speaks as follows of this part of the country : — "About a mile and 
a half," he says, " from the little inn called the Weatherboard, the country is elevated 
2800 feet above the level of the sea. Following down a little valley and its tiny rill 
of water, an immense gulf unexpectedly opens through the trees which border the 
pathway, at the depth of perhaps 1500 feet. "Walking on a few yards, one stands at 
the brink of a vast precipice, and below one sees a grand bay or gulf — for I know not 
what other name to give to it — thickly covered with forest. The point of view is 
situate as if at the head of a bay, the line of cliff diverging on each side, and showing 
headland behind headland, as on a low sea coast. These cliffs are composed of hori- 
zontal strata of whitish sandstone, and are so absolutely vertical that in many places 
a person standing on the edge and throwing down a stone can see it strike the trees in 
the abyss below. So unbroken is the line of cliff, that in order to reach the foot of 
the waterfall formed by this little stream, it is said to be necessary to go 16 miles 
round. About 5 miles distant in front another line of cliff extends, which then 
appears completely to encircle the valley ; hence the name of bay is justified as 
applied to this grand amphitheatrical depression. If we imagine a winding harbour, 
with its deep water, surrounded by bold cliff-like shores, to be laid dry, and a forest 
to spring up upon its sandy bottom, we should then have the appearance and structure 
here exhibited." The air is dry and bracing, and subject to great changes of tem- 
perature. There is plenty of good water, and the place is a favourite one of resort 
for tourists in search of the picturesque, and for sportsmen. The fall into the vale 
of Clwyde, about 2 miles distant S.W., is a most extraordinary and magnificent sight, 
especially on windy and sunny days. 

WEBBER'S CREEK (Co. Durham) is a small tributary of the head of Glendon 
brook. Sandstone and clay slate. 

WEBIMBLE and MYRABLUEN ( Co. Brisbane), the names of the two peaks 
of a forked mountain, lying on the W. banks of the Wybong creek, and totheN.E. of 
the township of Merriwa. Carbonaceous sandstone. 

WECOMBA LAKE {Co. Cairo). See Paika Lake. 

WEDDIN MOUNTAINS {Co. Monteagle) is a range of rugged hills, lying on. 



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the flat country between the Lachlan and Murrumbidgee rivers. At the base of these 
mountains, about 24 miles from Young, and 16 miles from Bogafong, there is a steam 
saw mill, a police station, and a small store. 

WEDYAGULLONG STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Pring, John ; area, 
10,520 acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. The old charges were £28 15s.; 
the recently appraised rental is £23. 

WEEHO CREEK (Co. King) is a fine stream, rising in the W. slope of the 
Australian Alps, and flowing N.W., through good pastoral and agricultural country, 
into the Crookwell river, after a course of about 25 miles. It runs through the 
township of Weeho, where it is crossed by the Cowra, Boorowa, G-oulburn, Bindon, 
and Crookwell roads, and is fed by the Lost river and Cartwright's creek. Slate and. 
limestone. 

WEE JAGADA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, De Sailly, D. P. ; area, 
area, 36,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £12 10s. 

WEEJASPER CREEK (Co. Buccleugh), a small creek, receiving the drainage 
of the N. side of Weejasper hilL and falling into the Goodradigbee river, after an E. 
course of about 8 miles through rough scrubby country. The geological formation of 
its course is sandstone and limestone . 

WEEJASPER HILL (Co. Buccleugh) is a high peak, lying on the W. bank of 
the Goodradigbee river, between Weejasper and Micalong creeks. The country is 
broken and scrubby. Granite and limestone. 

WEEJASPER STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, McBain, Alex- 
ander ; area, 29,000 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Charges, £46 
18s. 9d. 

WEELE, W., UPPER STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Gardiner, Joha 
A.; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post 
town is Merri-Merri Charges, £34. 

WEELI, LOWER W., STATION ( Warrego district); occupier, Trudgett, Robert; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Merri-Merri. Charges, £34. 

WEELI, UPPER E., STATION (Wellington district); occupier, Gardiner, 
Andrew ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post 
town is Merri-Merri. The old charges were £24; the recently appraised rental 
is £70. 

WEEL0NG STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Strickland, Josiah ; area, 
24,320 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old charges were £61 17s. 
6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £121 13s. 4d. 

WEEL0NG, OUTER RUN, STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Suttor, Wm. 
Henry ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

WEEL0NG STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Suttor, Wm. Henry; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

WEELWALLY, E., STATION (Warrego district); occupiers, Hay and 
Campbell; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31. 

WEELWALLY STATION (Warrego district); occupiers, Hay and Campbell ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31 10s. 

WEEM00BAH STATION (Wellington district) ; occupiers, Walker and Corn- 
ish; area, 51,200 acres; grazing capability, 1280 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £80 ; the recently appraised rental is £120. 

WEE0G0 STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, area, and grazing capability, 
uncertain. The old charges were £38 2s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £60. 

WEERA, E., STATION (Wellington district) ; occupier, Keenan, Mary area, 
12,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £35 10s. 

WEERIE (or Block A) STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Tom, Wm. 
sen. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. ' 

WEETALABA (Co. Napier) is a small pastoral hamlet and road side hotel, 



596 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Wee — Wei 



known as the Travellers' Eest (Macgregor's), situated on the road from Coonabara- 
bran to Coolah and Cassilis. It lies 38 miles S.E. of Coonabarabran, 22 miles N.W. 
from Coolah, and 49 miles N.W. from Cassilis, the nearest coach office. The hamlet 
lies at the confluence of the Weetalaba and Oaky creeks. Granite, basalt, and schist. 

WEETALABA CREEK {Co. Napier, Bligh district) is a drainage creek, rising 
in the Boovamurra plains, and flowing across the road from Cassilis to Coonabarabran 
at Weetalaba village, into the Castlereagh river at its upper end. It is fed by the 
Oaky creek. Basalt, with alluvial deposit. 

WEETA WAA STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Loder, George; 
estimated area, 35,200 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £61 17s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £180. 

WEE-WAA, 30° 20' S. lat., 149° 27' E. long. {Co. Jamison), is a postal town, 
in the parish of Wee-Waa, electoral district of Wee-Waa. It is situated on a lagoon 
of the same name, about a mile distant from the Nanioi river. The district is purely 
a pastoral one. The nearest places are Narrabri, 25 miles E., and Walgett, 105 miles 
W. The communication is by horse or dray ; and with Sydney, 350 miles S. E. , by 
coach from Narrabri, via the Willow Tree to Singleton, thence by rail to Newcastle,, 
and thence by steamer. The hotel is the Prince of Wales (Arndell's). The surround- 
ing country is very flat, and subject to inundation. The population numbers about 
SO persons. The geological formation is granitic and basaltic rock, with deep alluvial 
deposit. Wee-Waa has a post and money order office. 

Wee-Waa is a police district, embracing part of the pastoral district of Liverpool 
plains, and bounded on the N. by part of the N. boundary of the pastoral district of 
Liverpool plains,- being the range forming the S. watershed of the Gwydir river to the 
E. boundary of Pockataroo run ; on the W. by the E. boundary of that run, S. , to 
its S.E. corner, thence by a line, S.W., to theN.W. corner of Corrian run on Pian 
creek, by the W. boundaries of that run and back Corrian run, S., to the S.W. 
corner of the latter run ; thence by a line, S., to the boundary dividing Berryabar 
and Yarradool runs, and by that boundary, S. , to the Namoi river ; thence by a line, 
S.W., to the crossing of the road from the Castlereagh to the Namoi river, over: 
Baradine creek, about 1^ mile above Bungle gully station ; thence by a line, W, to 
the range dividing the waters of the Castlereagh and Namoi rivers, at a point in a 
direct line from the aforesaid crossing to the confluence of Moulma creek with the 
Castlereagh ; thence on the S. W. and on the S. by the range dividing the waters of 
the Castlereagh and Namoi rivers and the Warrabungle range ; and on the E. from 
the last mentioned range, and by a line bearing N ., passing between the heads of 
Turrabeile and Brigalow creeks, to a point on the Namoi river, about 2 miles above 
Dr. Milner's house at the Broadwater, and thence by a line bearing N.E., passing 
between the heads of Goor and Maule's creeks, to the range forming the S. watershed 
of the Gwydir river, aforesaid. The places of petty sessions are Wee-Waa and 
Narrabri. 

WEE-WAA NAMOI, N«, STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, 
Lloyd, J. C. and C. W. ; estimated area, 19, 200 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of 
cattle. The old charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £86 14s. 

WEE-WAA (South side of Namoi) STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; 
occupier, Quinn, Patrick ; estimated area, 96, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 7000 
sheep. The old charges were £70 ; the recently appraised rental is £105. 

WEEWEELARNGEE STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupiers, Watt, J. B., 
and Young, J. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £52 
10s. 

WEGAEABIBILY STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Osborne, 
H. H. A. P. H. and B. M. ; area, 12,000 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. 
Charges, £60 10s. 

WEIA-WEIA CREEK STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupiers, Clift, 
J. J. , Sam and George ; area, 32, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. Charges, 
£50. 

WEIMBUTTA STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Gill, D. G. ; area, 64,000 

acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 5s. 

WEINTERIGA, BEYOND OUTER, STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, 



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597 



McGregor, Peter ; area, 128,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£35. 

WELNTERRAGA, OUTER STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Duffield, 
Walter; area, 128,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

WEINTERRAGA STATION (Albert district); occupier, Duffield, Walter; 
area, 40,320 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £110. 

WEIRAGANDRIA STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Draper, James ; 
area, 16,000 acres, grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

WEIRA STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Adams, Henry John ; 
estimated area, 25,603 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were 
£40 ; the recently appraised rental is £40. 

WEIR CEEEK (Gicydir district) is a small W. tributary of the lower Macintyre 
river, falling into it near Eurrandoon, on the road from the Condamine (Queensland) 
to Walgett. Lower palaeozoic, with alluvial deposit. 

WELAREGANG ( Co. Selxmjn) is a postal village, in the parish of Welaregang, 
electoral district of the Hume, and police district of Albury. It is situated on the 
Hume, or head of the Murray river, within 7 miles S . W. of the Mannus and Tooma 
creeks. The district is a pastoral one, the nearest place being Tumbarumba, 22 
miles N.E., and the communication being by horse only. With Sydney, 385 miles, 
the communication is by horse to Tarcatta, along a rough road, thence by coach, via 
G-undagai, to Picton, and thence by rail. The nearest hotel is at Tumbarumba. The 
surrounding country is hilly, and composed of granite and slate. The population 
numbers about 20 persons. 

WELAREGANG- STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Gray, Basil ; 
estimated area, 13,440 acres ; grazing capability, 1300 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £80 18s. 9d. ; the recently appraised rental is £80. 

WELCOME PONDS (Co. Jamison, Liverpool plains district) is a chain of ponds, 
flowing, in wet weather, into the Namoi river, near Narrabri, and draining the flat 
pastoral country to the N.E. of that township. Basalt, with deep black alluvial de- 
posit. 

WELLESLEY is a county in the pastoral district of Monaro. It contains 20,546 
acres of alienated land, and 895,948 acres unalienated. The folio whig parishes are 
situated on the E. side of the county : — Bunnima, Cathcart, Bombala, Coolumbooka. The 
N., S. , and W. portions of the county being generally high, rugged, and broken country, 
and the parishes in the aforesaid parts being yet unnamed. The country is auriferous, 
and elevated about 3000 feet above sea level. The bases of the mountains are of 
schist and trap rock, and their summits of granite. Coal, of imperfect formation 
(hgnite), and copper and lead, have been discovered, but are not yet properly worked. 

WELLINGE0VE, 29° 42' S. lat., 151° 32' E. long. (Co. Gough) is a 
postal township, in the parish of Well in grove, electoral district of Tenter- 
field, and police district of Wellingrove. It is situated on the Wellingrove 
creek, the Beardy river being 12, and the Severn river 20 miles distant. 
The district is solely pastoral, the nearest diggings (the Bingara), being 77 miles dis- 
tant S.W. The nearest places are Glen Innis, 13 miles S.E., and Inverell, 32 miles 
S.W., the communication with both places being by horse and dray only. With 
Sydney, 385 miles S., the communication is via Glen Innis, to Armidale, by horse or 
dray, thence by coach to Singleton, thence by rail to Newcastle, and thence by 
steamer. There is 1 hotel, the Woolpack, and there are 2 carrying offices in the 
township. The surrounding district is mountainous, with good plains intervening. 
The geological formation is trap rock and sandstone, and the population numbers 
•about 50 persons. 

Wellingrove is a police district, embracing a middle portion of the pastoral district 
of New England, and part of the pastoral district of the Clarence ; and bounded on 
the N. by a fine bearing E. from the Bolivia range, by that range and the range form- 
ing the N. watershed of the Severn river ; on the W. by the W. boundary of the New 
England pastoral district, being the W. extreme of the table land to the Bundarra 
or Gwydir river, and by that river, upward, to the confluence of Tienga creek ; thence 
-on the S. by the N. watershed of Tienga creek, the range dividing the waters of that 
-creek and Cope's creek, and the range clividing the waters of the Macintyre and 



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[Wel 



Gwydir rivers, to Ben Lomond ; and thence by the range forming the S. watershed of 
the Clarence river, E., to its intersection with a line bearing N. from mount Werrikimbe; 
thence on the E. by that line bearing N. , to the point E. of the Bolivia range, afore- 
said. The places of petty sessions are Glen Innis, Inverell, and Ashford. 

WELLINGKOVE CREEK {Co. Gough) is a S. tributary of the river Severn,, 
rising in a detached hill, called Fletcher's Nob, about 10 miles W. of Glen Innis, and 
flowing N. through the township of Wellingrove, where it is crossed by the Glen 
Innis, Inverell, and Ashford road into the main stream, after a course of about 25 
miles through fine country, chiefly pastoral, with much good agricultural land on the 
Waterloo plains, at its upper end. The geological formation is sandstone and trap 
rock. 

WELLINGROVE STATION {New England district); occupier, Lawson, 
Joseph Watson; area, 100,000 acres; grazing capability, 10,000 sheep. The old 
charges were £100 ; the recently appraised rental is £183. 

WELLINGTON, 32° 34' S. lat., 149° E. long. (Co. Wellington), is a postal town 
in the electoral and police districts of Wellington. It is bounded by the Bell river on the 
W., and the Macquarie river on the N.; the Curra creek runs into the Bell, and Mount 
Arthur is the highest mountain bearing to the W. This formed a point by which Sir* 
Thos. Mitchell carried on his survey, and on the top of it is a cairn of stones, erected 
by him. Wellington has 1 flour mill (Dunlop's), worked by steam, and 1 saw mill 
(Matthews'), also worked by steam, cutting (principally) pine timber, which abounds in 
the neighbourhood. Within the last few years, the neighbourhood has become an 
extensive agricultural one. Gold mining is also carried on, particularly on the 
Wholamin creek, a few miles from Wellington ; extensive quartz reefs also exist at 
Mitchell's creek, about 7 miles from Wellington, but at present are not worked; this 
is the spot where McGregor, the shepherd, discovered gold. The nearest places are 
the township of Dubbo, distant about 34 miles, and the village of Newrea, about 9 
miles. A mail coach runs between Wellington and Dubbo twice a week, and to and 
from Newrea every day but Tuesday. The township of Montefiores is on the opposite 
side of the Macquarie, and can almost be considered as one with Wellington, having 
the same advantages. Cobb's coaches run daily to Penrith, and trains thence to Sydney, 
the distance being about 230 miles. Wellington has a public hospital (a capital brick 
building), a court house and gaol, in which the district courts and quarter sessions are 
held ; also a telegraph office, and post and money order office. The hotels are the Royal 
Oak, Royal, Butchers' Arms, Post Office, Sportsman's Arms, and Old Wellington inn. 
Cobb and Co. have a coaching office in the town, and there are branches of the City 
and New South Wales banks, and the Sydney, Northern, Liverpool and London and 
Globe, and Australian Mutual Provident Insurances companies. The country is- 
generally mountainous, with large alluvial flats and forest land, and limestone forma- 
tion on the W. side of the Bell; basaltic lava and quartz ranges, are the other features 
on the Bell river ; about 4 miles from the town are some extensive caves. The popu- 
lation of Wellington is about 400, including Montefiores. The capability of the 
country for agriculture is very great, 40 to 45 bushels to the acre being frequently 
reaped last season, ; the country is not subject to rust or floods, the latter, when they 
occur, are benefits rather than otherwise. Fruit of every description is grown, and 
the vine flourishes to an extent not surpassed in any part of the world. Copper and 
iron stone also exist, but have not been worked. * 

The Wellington electoral district embraces the N.W. and midland portions of the 
county of Wellington, the S. portion of the county of Bligh, a portion formerly in the 
pastoral district of Bligh, which is now within the settled districts, and a portion of 
the pastoral district of Wellington ; and is bounded on the N. from Wialdrar creek, 
near its confluence with the Cudgegong river, by a road N.W, from Guntawang to 
Cobbora, to the range forming the W. boundary of the county of Bligh, by that 
range, which partly divides the waters of the Talbragar and Macquarie rivers, S.W., 
to within 10 miles of the town of Wellington, and by the boundary of the settled 
districts, (being a curved line including all lands within 10 miles from any point of 
the outward limits of the said town), W. ; on the W. by that boundary of the settled 
districts, S., to the Catombal mountains, and by the range thence, forming the 
W. watershed of the Bell river, S. , to the Canobolas mountains ; thence on the E. by 
the Boreenore creek, to the Molong rivulet, by that rivulet, upwards, to the W. 
boundary of Joseph Taylor's 2560 acre3, by that boundary, N«, to the Nandillion 



Wel] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 599 



ponds, and by those ponds, downwards, to the confluence of Larra's lake ; on the S. 
by Larra's lake to its head, by a line to the head of Currugurra creek, by that creek 
to the Macquarie river, by that river, upward, to the confluence of the Turon river, 
and by that river, upward, to the confluence of Cunningham's creek ; again on the E. 
by Cunningham's creek, upward, and by a tributary which rises nearly S. of the head 
of Cudgegong creek, to the range dividing the waters of the Cudgegong and Macquarie 
rivers ; again on the N. by that range, which forms the S. watershed of the Meroo 
creek, to the confluence of the Meroo creek with the Cudgegong river ; and again on 
the E. by the Cudgegong river, upward, to Wialdra creek, and by that creek to the 
road from Guntawang to Cobbora, aforesaid. This electorate comprises the districts 
of Wellington and Molong, and returns one member to the Legislative Assembly, the 
present representative being S. Samuel, Esq. The number of registered electors in 
this district is 1549, of whom 520 voted at the last general election, 1864-1865. 

Wellington is a police district, embracing the N.W. and midland portions of the 
county of Wellington, the S. portion of the county of Bligh, and a portion formerly 
in the pastoral districts of Wellington and Bligh which is now within the settled 
districts ; and bounded on the N. from Wialdrar creek, near its confluence with the 
Cudgegong river, by a road, N.W., from Guntawang to Cobbora, to the range forming 
the W. boundary of the county of Bligh, by that range, which partly divides the 
waters of the Xalbragar and Macquarie rivers, S.W., to within 10 miles of the town 
of Wellington, and by the boundary of the settled districts (being a curved line 
including all lands within 10 miles from any point of the outward limits of the said 
town), W; on the W. by that boundary of the settled districts, S., to the Bell river, 
and by that river, upwards, to the confluence of Larra's lake ; on the S. by Larra's 
lake to its head, by a line to the head of Currugurra creek, by that creek to the Mac- 
quarie river, by that river, upward, to the confluence of the Turon river, and by that 
river, upward, to the confluence of Cunningham's creek ; again on the E. by Cun- 
ningham's creek, upward, and by a tributary which rises nearly S. of the head of 
Cudgegong creek, to the range dividing the waters of the Cudgegong and Macquarie 
rivers ; again on the N. by that range, which forms the S. watershed of the Meroo 
creek, to the confluence of the Meroo creek with the Cudgegong river ; and again on 
the E. by the Cudgegong river, upward, to Wialdrar creek, and by that creek to the 
road from Guntawang to Cobbora, aforesaid. The places of petty sessions are 
Wellington, Stony creek, Tambaroora, and Burrendong, 

WELLINGTON is a county of New South Wales ; it is bounded on the N.E. by 
the river Cudgegong ; on the W. by that river and the Macquarie to the junction of 
the river Bell, near Wellington valley ; on the W. by the rivers Bell, Molong, and 
Boreenore creek, to the Canobolas mountains ; on the E. by the range, thence to 
Blackman's swamp, and by Lewis' ponds, the Macquarie, Turon river, Cunningham's 
creek, and Cudgegong creek, under Bocobel, to the Cudgegong river. This county is 72 
miles in length, and 42 in breadth, and contains 1,059,686 acres. The number of free- 
hold landholders in this county is 280 ; and of leaseholders, 305, The extent of land 
in cultivation is 5415J acres : under wheat there are 2990| acres ; under maize, 7281 
acres ; under barley, 76 acres ; under oats, 127 acres ; under tobacco, 3 acres ; and 
under vine, 1 1 acres. Livestock: 7693 horses, 58,171 horned cattle, 340,384 sheep, 
and 2584 pigs. 

Wellington is a pastoral district, lying between the Bogan and Lachlan rivers. 
It was discovered by Oxley, in 1817, and has an area of 16,695 square miles, with a 
population of 2470 persons. The number of freehold landholders in this district is 60 ; 
and of leaseholders, 7. The extent of land in cultivation is 752 acres : under wheat 
there are 481 \ acres ; under maize, 87 acres ; under barley, 7 5 acres ; under oats, 27 J 
acres ; under tobaccO, 10 acres ; and under vine, \\ acres. Live stock, 3961 horses ; 
38,390 horned cattle ; 243,115 sheep ; and 545 pigs. 

WELLINGTON, EXTREME. BACK, STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, 
Lord, G. W. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 

WELLINGTON VALE STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Robert- 
son, R. R. C. ; area, 65,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1720 head of cattle, and 24,000 
sheep. The old charges were £345 12s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £400. 

m WELLINGTON VALLEY ( Co. Wellington) is a vaUey, discovered by Oxley; it 
is situated at the junction of the Bell and Macquarie rivers, in the county of Welling- 



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[Wel— Wen 



ton, New South Wales, 238 miles from Sydney, and 117 miles from Bathurst. It was 
formerly a Government stock station, and was subsequently set apart for the recep- 
tion of, and employment of a description of prisoners distinguished by the designa- 
tion of "specials." This country is of the richest alluvial soil, and. the scenery 
beautiful. The valley is celebrated for some singular limestone caves found in it. 
Slate and limestone. 

WELL'S CREEK ( Co. St. Vincent) is an auriferous stream on the Araluen dig- 
gings. It is worked by a party of Americans, who have lately completed a fine race 
from the head of the creek, having a splendid fall for ground sluicing. Slate, quartz, 
and granite. 

WELLW00D STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Kerr, Andrew ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

WELUMLA CREEK (Co. Selwyn) is a small tributary of the Tooma river, 
rising near mount Dargal, and flowing N. about 6 miles, through a rough scrubby 
country. Granite, with surface drift. 

WEM0BAH STATION [Bligh district); occupiers, Ryrie and Alexander; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

WENTWORTH, 34° 6' S. lat., 142° 2' E. long. {Co. Wentworth), is a postal 
township, in the parish of Wentworth, electoral district of Balranald, and police 
district of Wentworth. It is situated on the E. and W. sides of the river Darling, 
at the junction of that river with the river Murray, distant from Melbourne 407 
miles, from Sydney 700 miles, and from Adelaide 380 miles. Lake Victoria lies dis- 
tant about 60 miles W., with smaller lakes, principally salt, about 20 miles W. The 
district is exclusively a pastoral one, the nearest places being Euston, on the E., 70 
miles, situated on the river Murray ; Poincaira, on the N. , 80 miles on the river 
Darling ; and Monaro, on the W., 20 miles, on the river Murray. The communica- 
tion with these places is by mail conveyance and steamers. With Sydney, the com- 
munication is by river to Echuca, thence, via Deniliquin (300 miles distant), by 
coach to Picton, and thence by rail, or (a better route) from Swan hill or Echuca 
(Victoria) to Melbourne, and thence by steamer. There is a hospital, erected by pri- 
vate subscription, but which has not been as yet properly established, also a public 
school, well supported, but at present non-vested. There are 2 good hotels, the 
Wentworth (Filgate's) and the Crown (Green's). Wentworth has branches of the 
Commercial and City banks, and the Australian Mutual Provident Society. The 
surrounding country is flat ; its herbage salt bush and other coarse grasses. The 
population numbers about 250 persons. Wentworth being situated at the junction of 
the Murray and Darling rivers is one of the most important inland townships of the 
colony, being the centre-port for the transmission of wool and stores to and from all 
parts of the river Murray, and the extensive district of the Darling, as well as on 
mercantile matters in its relations with South Australia and Victoria. The line of 
telegraph will soon be opened, which will bring this township in rapid communication 
with Melbourne, Adelaide, and Sydney, by way of the main telegraph line of New 
South Walei. 

Wentworth is a police'district, embracing a S.E. portion of the pastoral district of 
Darling ; and bounded on the S. by the Murray river, upwards, from the boundary 
dividing the colonies of New South Wales and South Australia to the confluence of 
Taila creek ; on the E. by a line N. to the S.W. corner of Caringi run, by the W. and 
N. boundaries of that run, N. and E. , to its intersection with the S. prolongation of 
the W. boundary of Boomiaricool rim, by that line and the W. boundaries of that run 
and outer Back Turlee Block B, N. , to the S. boundary of outer Back Turlee Block 
C, by the S. boundary of that run, W. , to its S. W. corner, thence by a line, N. , 
dividing outer Back Turlee Block C, North Turlee Block A, North Turlee, and Gol- 
galow runs, from Baraguy, Arumpo, and outer Back Bullanmong runs, to the S. boundary 
of East Tarcoola Block A, by that boundary, E. , forming part of the N. boundary of 
Golgalow run, aforesaid, to the S.W. corner of Garapung run ; thence by a line, N., 
dividing Garapung run, aforesaid, Panban, and North Panban runs, from East Tar- 
coola Block A, aforesaid, and East Tarcoola and West Panban, Blocks A and B runs, 
to the S. E. corner of Camelot run ; on the N. by the S. boundaries of Camelot and 
North Mythes Block C runs, W., to the E. boundary of East Barrara Divide run, 
thence by the E. boundary of that run, N. , and by the N. boundaries of East Barrara 



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601 



Divide run, aforesaid, and East Barrara and Barrara runs, W. , to the Darling river, 
thence by that river, downwards, to the boundary dividing Yaltolka and Yartla runs, 
thence by the S. boundaries of Yaltolka and outer Yaltolka runs, W., to the S.W. 
corner of the latter run, and thence by a line bearing W. to the boundary dividing the 
colonies of New South Wales and South Australia ; and on the W. by that boundary, 
being the 141st meridian of E. long., S., to the Murray river, aforesaid. The places 
of petty sessions are Wentworth and Euston. 

WENTWORTH is a county in the pastoral district of Darling. It contains 
126 acres of alienated land, and 2,121,474 acres unalienated. Its present boundaries, 
however, are open to modification, 

WENTWORTH DIGGINGS (Co. Bathurst). See Lucknow. 

WENTWORTH GULLY STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Hanrahan, 
James; area, 15,000 acres ; grazing capability, GOO head of cattle. The old charges were 
£38 2s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £50. 

WERAI STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Gwynne, Henry ; esti- 
mated, area, 60,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old charges 
were £92 16s. 3d. ; the recently appraised rental is £190. 

WEREID MOUNT (Co. Bligh). See Oxley's Pic. 

WERIBIDDE STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, M'Phillamy, Robert ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £70. 

WERIDGERA STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Palmer, George ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £32. 

WERIMBELA STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, Staughton, S. F., S. T., 
and S. G. ; area, 38,400 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Perry. Charges, £31. 

WERLONG STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, De Sailly and Erancis ; 
area, 44,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £30 5s. ; new ap- 
praisement, £121 13s. 4d. 

WERQNG MOUNT (Co. Northumberland). See Mount Wahexg. 

WERQNG CREEK (Co. Northumberland) is a smaU W. tributary of the Wol- 
lombi brook. Sandstone. 

WERONERA MOUNT (Co. Wellington) is a solitary hill, of irregular shape, 
lying on the N. bank of the Grattai creek, about 2\ miles E. of its junction with 
the Meroo creek. Trap rock. 

WERRINA STATION (Givydir district) ; occupier, Doyle, John F. ; area, 
44,800 acres; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old charges were £80; 
the recently appraised rental is £100. 

WERRIBERRI CREEK (Co. Westmoreland) is a small S. tributary of the 
Warragamba river, flowing from the neighbourhood of the N. of Picton, past Brown- 
low hill W. slope. Sandstone. 

WERRIES' CREEK (Co. Buchland) is a chain of lagoons, flowing, in wet 
weather, from the E. into the Conadilly river, a few miles S . of Mooki township. 
Upper and middle paleozoic. 

WERRIGAL STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, M'Phillamy, Robert; area, 
21,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2400 sheep. Old charges, £30 ; new appraisement, 
£37 10s. 

WERRINA UPPER STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Doyle, John F. ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1600 head of cattle. Old charges, £100 ; newly 
appraised rental, £160. 

WERT AGO STATION (Albert district); occupier, Brougham, Patrick; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 14,000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

WERUNG MOUNT (Co. Georgiana) is a lofty peak in the Dividing range, lying 
at the head of the Werung branch of the Abercrombie river. Sandstone and granite. 

WEST BEND STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Hill, W. H. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 5s. 



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The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



WEST BLAND PLAINS STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Mcintosh 
and Oakes ; area, 17,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £80. 

WEST BLAND STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Mcintosh, J. N. and 
Oakes, R. H. ; area, 17,000 acres ; grazing capability, 900 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £100. 

WEST BROOK (Co. Durham) is a fine stream rising to the N. of Camberwell, 
and flowing into Glendon brook, near its junction with the Hunter river. Sandstone 
and clay slate. 

WESTBR00K STATION (Albert district); occupiers, Trust and Agency Com- 
pany of Australia, limited; area, 44,800 acres; grazing capability, • 4000 sheep. 
The nearest post town is Wentworth. Charges, £160. 

WEST CREEK (Co. Clive) is a small W. tributary of the Timbarra rivulet, flow- 
ing through rugged pastoral country. Sandstone. 

WEST DENIS0N (postal name Russell's) (Co. Cowley) is a small postal 
mining village in the Monaro electoral, and Cooma police district. It lies on the 
Eucumbene river, the Murrumbidgee river being 9 miles E. The district is a pastoral 
and alluvial mining one, forming part of the Kiandra gold field. The township of 
Kiandra lies 9 miles N.W., and Denison East 2 miles S.E. There is no communication 
except by horse or dray. With Sydney, the communication is by horse to Cooma, 
thence by coach to Picton, and thence by rail, this route being 300 miles, or by horse- 
back to Murrunbula, and thence by steamer. The surrounding country is very 
mountainous ; the geological formation is granite and schistose. The population num- 
bers about 20 persons. 

WESTERN GOLD FIELDS electorate returns 1 member to the Legislative 
Assembly, the present representative being S. A. Donnelly, Esq. The estimated 
number of electors in this district is 8400. 

WEST HEAD (native name Warrin-ga) (Co. Cumberland). See Pitt Water. 
WESTIC0MBE STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Watson and 
Hewitt ; area, 3830 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

WEST MEAD STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Hamilton, H. S. ; area, 
19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £28 15s. 

WEST MANDAMAR STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Hume, Andrew 
H.; area, 30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32. 

WESTMORELAND is a county of New South Wales ; it is bounded on the 
N.E. by Cox's river, from its junction with the Wollondilly to the small creek entering; 
the Cox from the W., 1 mile S. of the new road to Bathurst ; on the N. by that 
creek and one descending to Solitary creek, near its junction with Antonio creek, and, 
thence by the Fish river to Campbells' river ; on the W. by Campbells' river to its 
source in the Dividing Range, and by the Dividing Range to the Burra-Burra lagoon ; oa 
the S. by the river Guinecor from Burra-Burra lagoon to its junction with the Wollon- 
dilly ; on the E. by the Wollondilly to the junction of Cox's river, as above mentioned. 
It is 64 miles long and 32 miles broad, and contains 1,018,880 acres. The number of 
freehold landholders in this county is 292, and of leaseholders, 113. The extent o£ 
land in cultivation is 10, 502 1 acres : under wheat there are 55,821 acres; under maize, 
14164 acres ; under barley, 2351 acres ; under oats, 1158^ acres ; and under tobacco, 
£ acre. Live stock : 9574 horses, 18,681 horned cattle, 33,861 sheep, and 4037 pigs. 

WEST PLAINS STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Loomes, John ; area, 
17,000 acres ; grazing capability, 900 head of cattle and 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Forbes. Charges, £17 4s. 8d. 

WEST RTJFUS STATION {Albert district) ; occupiers, Trust and Agency 
company of Australia (limited) ; area, 23,040 acres ; grazing, capability, 4000 sheep. 
Charges, £160. 

WEST THALUNGARIN STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Phelps, J. 
L,; area, 57,600 acres ; grazing capability, 10,000 sheep. Charges, £60. 

WEST WARREGO No. 5 STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Mackintosh,. 
John ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £50. 



Wet — Whe] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



WETALABAR STATION (BUgh district) ; occupier, Bundle, J. B. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

WETHERWANGHA STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Josephson, 
F. J.; area, 750* acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£16 j the recently appraised rental is £16. 

WET LAGOON {Co. Argyle) is a small lagoon, lying to the S. of the Third 
Bredalbane plain, in the parish of Milbang. The surrounding land is cut up into 
email allotments, mostly taken up by settlers. Metamorphic slate. 

WH AL AN RIVER ( Co. Staplyton, Qwydir district), is a chain of water holes, 
connected in wet weather only, flowing from the Macintyre river, near Boggabilla 
township, through extensive open and scrubby plains, arid in summer and swampy 
in winter, into the Boomi river, at Yarouah. The geological formation is lower 
palaeozoic, with pliocene tertiary and alluvial deposit. 

WHALAND STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupiers, Eales and Doyle ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The old charges were £60 ; the: 
recently appraised rental is £100. 

WHAMBEYAN CAVES (Co. Georgiana) are some singular fissures in the 
rock, lying on the Bunnaby creek, about 25 miles t from Laggan, and 60 miles from 
Goulburn. The entrance to these caves is in an amphitheatre, formed by hills. Thia 
entrance is about 200 feet high, and resembles a Gothic window in form. The walla 
are of marble, interspersed with mica, and abounding in stalactites. There are evi- 
dences that a creek once passed through the cave, and in some places the marble is 
quite polished, as if by wild animals passing down to drink. Numerous smaller 
chambers branch off from the main chamber, striking into the hills, some of them are 
of considerable extent, but have not been thoroughly explored. Limestone. 

WHEABAH STATION [Darling district); occupiers, Sweeny, John and 
Daniel ; area 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

WHEELEEREEN BACK STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Parnell, 
Charles ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

WHEELEEREEN STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Jones, Thomas ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £40 10s. 

, WHEENY CREEK (or Kurrajong) {Co. Cook), is a postal village, in the 
parish of Kurrajong, electoral district of the Hawkesbury, and police district of 
Windsor. It is situated on the Wheeny creek. The post office is situate on the 
creek, at a point where Bell's line of road to Bathurst crosses ; it is a fresh water 
creek, and it empties into Colo river, about 12 miles from the intersection of that 
river with the river Hawkesbury. The nearest river is the Hawkesbury, situated 
about 5 miles, by the road, from here. The office is situate at the foot of the first 
range, known as the Blue mountain, and about 400 feet above the level of the sea. 
The distance by the main road to the top of the mountain, is about 2 miles, which, 
place is known as the Big, or Douglass hill, where there are two or three accomoda- 
tion houses kept ; and this place is much frequented in summer by the ladies and 
gentry of Sydney, more particularly invalids, where they receive a much more rarified 
air, than in the city. The height of the mountain is something over 2000 feet ; the 
mean direction of the range is N. and S., or parallel to the coast. The greater por- 
tion of the Kurrajong is pastoral ; the remainder, agricultural. The nearest town- 
ship is Richmond, situate about 7 miles E. ; and is the point of termination of the 
railway, known as the Windsor and Richmond railway. The nearest village is En- 
field, about 4^ miles E., situate on Bell's line of road, on a creek known as Red Bank, 
bo called by the colour of the banks on either side where the road crosses. The com- 
munication with these places is by mail coach ; and with Sydney, 46 miles S.E., by 
rail from Richmond. There is one hotel (Lamrock's), also the post office, in the vil- 
lage. The leading roads of the district are under a local board. To the E. of the 
office, the country is undulating ; and to the W., mountainous. The formation is 
alluvial deposit over clay and sandstone. The population of the Kurrajong is about 
1000. The district is a favourite one with tourists, and persons in search of health 
and change of air. 

WHEE0, 34° 28' S. lat., 149° 12 7 E. long. (Co. King), is a postal township, 



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[Whi-Wu 



in the parish of Wheeo, electoral district of Yass plains, and police district of Yass. 
It is situated on the Wheeo creek, the Grabben Gullen creek flowing to the S.W. 
The district is agricultural, but tracesof gold have been found. The nearest places 
are Goulburn, to the E., distant 40 miles; Binda, N.W., 20 miles^; and Gunning, 
S.E., 20 miles. The communication with these places is by horse or dray ; and with 
Sydney, distant 170 miles, by horse to Goulburn, thence by mail coach to Picton, and 
thence by rail. There are no hotels in Wheeo. The surrounding country is elevated. 
The geological formation is chiefly granite and slate, with occasional beds of limestone. 
At Wheeo and Grabben Gullen, the next village, the population numbers about 500 
persons. 

WHITE BAY {Co. Cumberland) is a small bight, lying on the W. side of John- 
son's bay, and between the Glebe island and the suburb of Balmain. Sandstone. 

WHITE is a county, in the pastoral district of Liverpool plains. It contains 
2233 acres of alienated land, and 1,191,367 acres unalienated. Its present boundaries, 
however, are open to modification. 

WHITE COW HILL (Co. Sandon) is a detached hill, in the parish of Dangars- 
leigh, lying on the E . side of the main Northern road, and on the S. bank of the 
Saumarez creek, about 5 miles S.S.W. of Armidale. Granite. 

WHITE HOUSE POINT ( Co. Cumberland) is a bold promontory, on the E. 
side of the Parramatta river, and on the W. side of Balmain, opposite Cockatoo 
island. Sandstone. 

WHITEMAN'S CREEK {Co. Clarence) is a fine stream, rising in mount Lard- 
ner, and flowing S. through the village of Coalbale into the Clarence river at Mole- 
ville. It is fed by the Fortis and Stockyard creeks. Carbonaceous sandstone. 

WHITE'S CREEK {Co. Camden) is a smaU tributary of the Midway rivulet, 
flowing in Sutton forest. Sandstone. 

WHITE'S CREEK {Co. Cumberland) is a small stream, rising in the suburb of 
Sydenham, and flowing N. into the W. head of Rozelle bay. It crosses the Parra- 
matta road at the suburb of Sydenham. Sandstone and shale. 

WHITINGr BEACH {Co. Cumberland) is a sandy beach, on the N. shore of 
port Jackson, lying to the W. of Bradley's head, and opposite Rushcutter's bay. 
Sandy drift. 

WHITM0RE STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Bloxsome, Oswald ; 
area, 51,200 acres ; grazing capability, 12,000 sheep. The old charges were £120 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £100. 

WHITTANBRA, N., STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Cooper, 
James ; area, 16,800 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

WHITTANBRA STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Cooper, 
James ; estimated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The 
old charges were £26 ; therecently appraised rental is £40. 

WHITUMBAH STATION {Darling district) ; occupiers, Lang, T. and G. ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 Is. 

WHOEY STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Shepherd, Isaac ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

WHOEY BACK RUN STATION {Darling district) ; occupier, Shepherd, 
Isaac ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

WHOEY, OUTER BACK OF, STATION (Lacldan district) ; occupier, Petrie, 
K. ; area, 35,200 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £28. 

WHOEY STATION {Lacldan district) ; occupier, area, and grazing capability, 
uncertain. The old charges were £33 8s. 9d. ; the recently appraised rental is £125. 

WIADERE {Co. Phillip) is a small township in the electoral and police district 
of Mudgee. It is situated on the Cudgegong creek, and on the road from Mudgee to 
Wellington, about 12 miles W. of the former, and 30 miles E. of the latter place, 
there being communication by mail coach, and with Sydney, 165 miles S.E., by 
coach, via Mudgee to Penrith, and thence by rail. The district is a pastoral and 



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605 



agricultural one, the banks of the Gooma, Warribil, Piambong,' Wialdra, and other 
creeks in the neighbourhood tributary to the Cudgegong river, being under cultivation 
by small settlers. The population is small and scattered. Slate and schist. 

WIAGDON CREEK {Co. Roxburgh) is an auriferous stream, flowing from the 
mount Wiagdon range, through land held, by Messrs. Lewis and Suttor, into the 
Gheshire creek. The geological formation is sandstone, limestone, and clay slate. 

WIAGDON MOUNT {Co. Roxburgh) is a lofty peak of the Limekiln spur of the 
Blue mountains, near the village of Wiagdon, and on the Wattle flat gold field. 
Metamorphic slate, granite, and limestone. 

WIALDRA CREEK {Cos. Phillip and Bligh) is a N. tributary of the Cudge- 
gong creek, rising in the W. slope of the Australian Alps, and flowing S.W. through 
pastoral country into the main stream, near Guntawang. It is fed by the Cooyal 
and Slapdash creeks, and divides the counties of Bligh and Phillip. The geological 
formation is ferruginous sandstone at its upper, and metamorphic slate at its lower 
end. 

WIANAMATTA CREEK {Co. Cumberland), the original name of South 
Creek, which see. 

WIAMBENE CREEK {Co. St. Vincent) is a small tributary of the head of the 
Shoalhaven river. The formation of the bed of this creek is highly interesting to geo- 
logists, and is described by the Rev. W. B. Clarke as being of massive quartz porphyry, 
with grey slates with felsparic quartzose schist, all dipping about 48° W., and which 
to the E. are succeeded by granitic slate and hard bands of limestone and quartz, 
and which pass into ferruginous porphyritic flagstones. The limestones and slates 
contain rhynconellan, crinoidal remains, petraia bina, favosites, orthes, and other 
Silurian genera, probably of about the age of the Llandovery beds of Wales. 

WIANGAREE STATION {Clarence district); occupier, Bundock, W. C. ; 
area, 35,200 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 head of cattle. Charges, £61 17s. 6d. 

WIANGAREE STATION \Clarence district) ; occupier, Bundock, W. C. ; area, 
35,840 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. Charges, £123 8s. 9d. 

WTCKETYWEES {Co. Hunter) is a small agricultural settlement, lying about 
12 miles from Singleton. 

WICKHAM {Co. Brisbane) is an agricultural settlement, situated on the Gun- 
gal, or Hall's, creek, about 15 miles from Merriwa. Sandstone. 

WICKLOW BLOCK (A) STATION {Wellington district) ; occupiers, Golds- 
borough and Parker ; area, 64,000 acres : grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£30 12s. 6d. 

WICKLOW BLOCK (B) STATION {Wellington district); occupier, Golds- 
borough and Parker ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£30 12s. 6d. 

WICKLOW BLOCK (C) STATION {Wellington district) ; occupiers, Golds- 
borough and Parker ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£30 12s. 6d. 

WICKLOW BLOCK (D) STATION {Wellington district); occupiers, Golds- 
borough and Parker ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£30 12s. 6d. 

WICKLOW BLOCK (E) STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Golds- 
borough and Parker ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£30 12s. 6d. . 

WICKLOW BLOCK (F) STATION {Wellington district); occupiers, Golds- 
borough and Parker ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£30 12s. 6d. 

WICKLOW BLOCK (H) STATION (Wellington district) ; occupiers, Golds- 
borough and Parker ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 



WICKLOW BLOCK (I) STATION {Wellington district); occupiers, Golds- 



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fWic— WlL 



borough and Parker ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£30 12s. 6d. 

WICKLOW BLOCK (J) STATION {Wellington district); occupiers, Golds- 
borough and Parker ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£30 12s. 6d. 

WICKLOW BLOCK (K) STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Golds- 
borough and Parker ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£30 12s. 6d. 

WICKLOW BLOCK (L) STATION (Wellington district) ; occupiers, Golds- 
borough and Parker ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£30 12s. 6d. 

WIDDIN BROOK (Cos. Phillip and Hunter) is a S. tributary of the Goulburn 
river, rising in the Blue mountains, near mount Corigudgy, and joining the main 
stream about 20 miles above Denman. Sandstone. 

WIDDIN MOUNT ( Co. Monteagle) is a lofty and nearly detached peak, lying 
in the ranges near the junction of the Tragong and Burrangong creeks, about 32 miles 
N.W. of Young. Granite and metamorphic slate. 

WIDGrlARA STATION (MurrumUdgee district) ; occupiers, Cochran and 
Wilson ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Wagga-Wagga. The old charges were £60 ; the recently appraised rental is 
£334 12s. 6d. 

WIGrlLLA STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Acres, E. K. ; area, 64,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

WILANWITAL CREEK (Co. Durham) is a small creek, flowing into the W. 
part of port Stephens. Sandstone and slate. 

WILBERF0RCE (native name Gabramatta) (Co. Cook) is a postal village, 
in the parish of Wilberforce, electoral district of the Hawkesbury, and police district 
of Windsor. It is situated on the Hawkesbury river. There is 1 flour mill (Butter- 
worth's) in the village, which lies in a rich agricultural and pastoral district. The 
nearest township is Windsor, 4 miles distant, the communication being by a two- 
horse coach. With Sydney, 40 miles distant, the communication is by coach to 
Windsor, and thence by railway to Sydney. There are 2 hotels in the village, the 
Old Retreat and the Horse and Jockey. The roads are under the control of a local 
board. The immediate neighbourhood is flat and low, and subject to floods from the 
overflow of the Hawkesbury river. The population numbers about 200 persons. 

WILBERTREE (Co. Phillip) is a postal township, in the electoral and police 
districts of Mudgee. It is situated on the Pipeclay creek, the Mudgee river running 
3 miles W. Wilbertree is in an agricultural, pastoral, and mining district. The 
diggings are alluvial, no quartz reefs having as yet been discovered. The old Pipe- 
clay diggings and new rush are distant 5 miles E. on the Pipeclay creek ; Mudgee is 
5 miles E. from Wilbertree, and is situated on the Mudgee river. The communica- 
tion is by 2-horse coach. With Sydney, 158 miles S. E. , the communication is by 
Cobb's line of coaches to Penrith, and thence by rail. There is 1 hotel in the town- 
ship, called the Albury. Wilbertree is under the control of the Mudgee municipality. 
The surrounding country is hilly, and of a granite and slate formation. The popula- 
tion is about 200, and of the new rush and old Pipeclay diggings about 300 persons. 
Both places are generally termed the Pipeclay diggings, and the ground in the neigh- 
bourhood is mostly taken up by free selectors. 

WILBETROY STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Lee, William ; area, 
25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

WILD CATTLE CREEK (Co. Fitzroy) is a small E. tributary of the Don 

Dorrigo river. Sandstone. 

WILD CATTLE CREEK STATION (New England district); occupiers, 
Mackay and Cobb ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £29. 

WILE'S GULLY (Co. Buclcland) is a deep hollow on the road from Wallabadah 
to Tamworth, about 4 miles N. of the former place. Older volcanic. 

WILGA STATION (Lachlan district); occupiers, O'Sullivan, D. and S.; area, 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



607 



28,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Con- 
dobolin. Charges, £32. 

WILGrA, S., STATION {Lachlan district)) occupiers, O'Sullivan, D. and S.; 
area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
> Condobolin. Charges, £30. 

WILLAAGA STATION {Bligh district); occupiers, McRey and Sheridan \ area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 7000 head of cattle. Old charges, £21 4s. 4d.; new 
appraisement, £100. 

WILLAH (or Gradgery) STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, unknown ; es- 
timated area, 22,400 acres ; grazing capability, uncertain. The nearest post town ia 
Moree. The old charges were £50 ; the recently appraised rental is £150. 

WILLA MARRA CHEEK STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Gar- 
diner, John ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Merri-Merri. Charges, unknown. 

WILLANDRA BILLAB0NG CREEK {Cos. Franklin and Blaxland, Lachlan 
district) is a fine important tributary of the Lachlan river, flowing from the N.W. of 
the lower part of that stream through indifferent pastoral land, liable to great 
droughts and sudden inundations. The country is sandy, poorly grassed, almost des- 
titute of water, and intersected with belts of myall scrub ; the squatters in the district 
lave, however, at vast expense, rendered much of it available by damming up the 
"watercourses and sinking deep wells. The geological formation is silurian and newer 
pliocene tertiary, with alluvial deposit on the banks of the creek and in the low lands. 

WILLANDRA BILLAB0NG STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Brod- 
ribb, F. C. and K. E. ; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The 
nearest post town is Condobolin. Charges, £35. 

WILLANDRA STATION (Wellington district); occupiers, Gardiner, W. and 
Samuel; area, 21,358 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town 
.is Condobolin. Charges, £40. 

WILLARY, E., STATION {Wellington district) ; occupier, Neale, J. T.; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Merri- 
Merri. Charges, £40. 

WILLARY, W., STATION {Warrego district); occupier, Neale, J. T.; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Merri- 
Merri. Charges, £40. 

WILL-BILL-BILL STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Forrester, George ; 
area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £35. 

WILLEDAH and TEM0NIE BACK STATION ( Wellington district) ; occu- 
pier, Cornish, E. B.; area, 17,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 

WILLEE STATION {Wellington district); occupier, Ridge, Richard; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. Charges, £42 16s. 3d. 

WILLERA STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Flynn, John ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Walgett. 
Charges, £30 10s. 

WILLERIE and BL0WMAN STATION (Wellington district); occupier, 
O'Mullen, Bernard ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 900 head of cattle. 
Charges, £60. 

WILLER00 CREEK {Co. Argyle) is a small creek, rising in the parish of Cur- 
rawang, and flowing W.S.W. into lake George, near the hamlet of Kenny's point. 
The waters of this creek are not permanent, drying up in summer. It is about 6 
miles in length, and is fed by a spring of pure water. Trap and sandstone rock. 

WILLEWA STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Flynn, John ; area, 16,000 
acres, grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

WILLIAMS (or Dooribang) RIVER (Cos. Durham and Gloucester) is a fine 
navigable river, rising in the mount Royal range, and flowing S. through the townships of 
Fosterton, Dungog, and Clarencetown, and the rich agricultural land surrounding 
them, into the Hunter river at Raymond terrace. It is fed by the Chichester river, 



608 



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[Wil 



and the Myall, Carowery, Wangi, Wallarobba, Uwarabin, Nolan, Doggrel, and Wattle 
creeks. The navigation of this river extends to Clarencetown. Upper volcanic, 
metamorphic, palaeozoic, and schistose. 

Williams electorate district embraces the N.E. portion of the county of Durham, 
and the N. W. and midland portions of the county of Gloucester ; and is bounded on 
the N. from the sea coast, at the entrance to Wallis' lake, about 4 miles N.W. from 
cape Hawke, by Wallis' lake to the mouth of the Wollomba river, by that river to an 
E. boundary line of the Australian Agricultural company's grant of 464,640 acres, 
and by that boundary, bearing N. , to the corner of that grant, near Millstone hill ; 
thence by a line bearing N.W. to the confluence of the Gloucester river with the 
Manning river, and by the Manning river to its source ; on the W. by the range 
dividing the waters of the Hunter and Manning rivers, and the range dividing 
the waters of the Allyn and Paterson rivers from those of the Williams river, to the 
S. boundary of Hugh Torren's 2000 acres ; on the S. by that boundary to the point 
where it is intersected by the N. continuation of the E. boundary line of Thomas 
Bartie's 2560 acres ; thence by that continuation to the S. W. corner of W. H. Holmes' 
320 acres ; thence by the S. boundaries of that land and D. C. Orpen's 320 acres, the 
N. boundary of A. Fisher's 1500 acres, its E. continuation, and the S. boundary of 
Whitmore's 100 acres to the Williams river ; thence by that river, and the S. and E. 
boundaries of Lowe and Marshall's 640 acres, to the road from Clarencetown to 
Sawyer's point ; by that road, E., to Sawyer's point, port Stephens, and by port 
Stephens to the sea ; and on the E. by the sea to the entrance to Wallis' creek, 
aforesaid. This electorate comprises the town and country districts of Dungog, 
Clarence, and Stroud (port Stephens), and returns 1 member to the Legislative 
Assembly, the present representative being — Manton, Esq. The number of regis- 
tered electors in this district is 995, of whom 578 voted at the last general election, 
1864-1865. 

WILLIBILLIA STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Forrester, George ; 
area, 8320 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 head of cattle. Charges, £37. 

WILLIBILLA STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Roberts, Robert ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £50. 

WILLIE, LOWER E., STATION {Wellington district); occupiers, Ford, 
John and Joseph ; area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Merri-Merri. Charges, £35 5s. 

WILLIE PLOMA STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Stuckey, 
Mrs. Ann ; estimated area, 34,800 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. The old 
charges were £32 10s. ; the recently appraised rental is £15. 

WILLILBAH STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Ross, William ; area, 
7S, 800 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £60. 

WILLI W A CREEK [Co. Roxburgh) is a S. auriferous tributary of the head 
of the Turon river, rising in the Badger brush, and flowing N. through rugged 
scrubby country. It is fed by the Dalhuhty's creek, and flows through the Cullen- 
Bullen diggings. The geological formation is sandstone, limestone, and clay slate, 
with occasional out-cropping quartz ridges. 

WILLIS STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Williams, J. ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 300 head of cattle. Charges, £25. 

WILLIS STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Woodhouse, James ; area, 
15,360 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Charges £43 15s. 

WILL0I, BACK STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, ParneU, Charles ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £52 15s. 

WILL0I STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, ParneU, Thomas ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £2 16s. 
3d. ; the recently appraised rental is £70. 

WILLONDRA STATION (Wellington district) ; occupier, Richardson, A. H. ; 
area, 22,500 acres; grazing capability, 7500 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £50. 

WILL0REE STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Parnell, Mrs. Elizabeth ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 



"Wil — Win] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



609 



WILLOTIA OUTER STATION [Albert district) ; occupier, Pile, James ; area, 
76,800 acres ; erazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. 
Charges, £30 10s. 

WILLOTIA STATION (Albert district); occupier, Pile, James; area, 
40,320 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. 
Charges, £130 10s. 

WILLOUGrHBY CREEK (Co. Cumberland) is a small stream of fine water, 
rising in the high grounds of St. Leonard's, and flowing N.E., about 4 miles, into the 
S. head of Long bay, by a fine waterfall over a perpendicular ledge of rock. This 
fall in wet weather forms a sight which well repays the visitor. It lies about 3 miles 
distant from Sydney, via the North shore ferry. Sandstone. 

WILLOUGrHBY POINT (Co. Northumberland) is a rocky headland, lying be- 
tween Broken bay and the entrance to Tuggerah beach lake. Sandstone. 

WILLOUGrHBY WATERFALL (Co. Cumberland). See Long Cove and St. 
Leonard's and Willoughby Cbeek. 

WILLOW TREE (Co. Buckland) is a small settlement and road side hotel at the 
junction of the main road from Sydney to Armidale and that to Narrabri. 

WILLYBINBONE STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Sullivan, Patrick; 
area, 4000 acres ; grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Bourke. Charges, £43 2s. 

WILLYDAH and TEMOIN STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Walker 
and Cornish ; area, 16.000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£30. 

WILPENDALE MOUNT (Co. Phillip) is a high peak in a N.E. spur of the 
Blue mountain range, lying on the N. bank of the Wilpinjong creek, scrubby and 
covered with gum, stringybark, and honeysuckle. It lies on the E. side of the road 
from Mudgee to Cassilis. Ferruginous sandstone. 

WILPINJONG CREEK (Co. Phillip) is a W. tributary o Wollar creek. 
Sandstone and schist. 

WILSON'S CREEK (Co. Rous) is a small tributary of the N. arm of the Richmond 
river. Sandstone. 

WILSON'S CREEK (Co. Vernon) is a small S. tributary of the Apsley river. 
Granite, trap rock, and sandstone. 

WILSON'S PEAK (or MooMTTNNrjR) (Co. Puller) is a lofty peak in the Mac- 
pherson's range, lying at the head of the Cooreela creek and the Condamine river. 
(Queensland.) Sandstone. 

WILSON'S RIVER (Co. Macquarie) is a fineN. tributary of the Hastings' river, 
flowing past the village of Ballingar, and watering good agricultural country. It is 
fed by Maria's river. Sandstone. 

WILTON ( Co. Camden) is a small hamlet on the Cataract river. It lies about 
16 miles distant from Campbelltown. Sandstone. 

WILWGR.EIL MOUNT ( Co. Phillip) is a peak of the Blue mountain range, in 
the S. E. corner of the county, and near the N. head of the Cudgegong river. Sandstone. 

WINAGNEIB, STATION ( Wellington district) ; area, 16,000 acres. The old 
charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £86. 

WINBAR, BACK OF, STATION (Albert district); occupier, Glass, Hugh; 
area, 32,000 acres • grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Bourke. 
Old charges, £32 ; new appraisement, £30. 

WINBAH STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Glass, Hugh ; area, 32,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. The nearest post town is Bourke. Charges 
£60. 

WINBUBNDALE RIVULET (Co. Roxburgh) is an auriferous stream, rising 
in the swampy country to the N. of the Kirconnell gold field, and flowing N.W? 
into the Macquarie river, after a course of about 60 miles, at the Macquarie gold 
fields. It runs through fine land, well adapted for agriculture, much of it being 
pp 



610 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



[Wm 



taken up in the parishes of Eskdale, Peel, Daramana, and Millah-Murrah, by Messrs. 
Aspinall, Irving, Palmer, Innes, Hughes, Bayley, Stuart, Suttor, Peisley, Terry, and. 
numerous small holders. It is fed by the Kirconnell, St. Anthony's, Clear, Dura- 
mana, Cheshire, Rover's, and Millah-Murrah creeks. This stream flows through a 
rich auriferous country, watering in its course the Kirconnell diggings at its head, 
the new Glanmire workings a short distance S. E. of the village of Peel, the Cheshire 
creek diggings still lower down, and the Wattle flat and Macquarie diggings near and 
at its mouth. A site for a Chinese town has been marked out on this creek. The 
geological formation of the Winburndale valley is wholly schistose, with quartz reefs 
showing themselves in every spur, and porphyritic and trappean rocks cropping out 
at intervals. 

"WTNDANGr ISLAND ( Co. Camden) is a small islet, lying at the mouth of the 
Illawarra lake. Sandstone and raised sand. 

WINBAHO, LEFT, STATION" ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Forlonge, Wm. ; 
area, 10,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 5s. 

WIKDARA STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupiers, Cox and Dowling ; area, 
39,700 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 5s. 

WINDAEA BACK STATION {Warrego district) ; occupier, Forlonge, Wm.; 
area, 50,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

WTNDELLAMA (Co. Argyle) is a postal village, in the parish of Christchurch, 
electoral district of Argyle, and police district of Goulburn. It is situated on the 
Windellama Creek, lake Bathurst is 7 miles from the post office, lying about S. W. The 
district is agricultural and pastoral, the surrounding country being well grassed and 
lightly timbered, and adapted for agricultural and pastoral pursuits. The nearest 
township is Bungonia, 12 miles N., on the road to Sydney; and Marulan, 22 miles 
distant, on the main Southern road, the communication being by horse or dray. With 
Sydney, 132 miles N.E., the communication is by coach from Marulan to Picton, and 
thence by rail. The nearest hotel is at Bungonia. The surrounding country is undu- 
lating, consisting principally of the limestone formation, with alluvial soil ; the lime- 
stone forms excellent road metal. The population of the neighbourhood of Windellama, 
and within the area of the postal district, numbers about 350 persons. The dwellings 
in and about Windellama numbers about 50. 

WINDELLAWA CREEK (Co. Argyle) is a S.W. tributary of the head of the 
Nerrimungo creek, flowing through the E. side of the Goulburn plains, and draining, 
with its tributaries, the Bandalla, Buburba, and Budgong creeks, a large tract of fine 
pastoral and agricultural country. Limestone. See Jerrara Creek. 

WXNDERHEEK.E (Co. Northumberland) is a small agricultural village, lying 
within half a mile of Lochinvar. It contains a large bone mill, and the surrounding 
district is taken up by small agricultural farmers. The population is included in 
that of Lochinvar. Sandstone. 

WDTBEB'S HILL (Co. Northumberland) is a peaked hill, overhanging the 
Hunter river on its S. bank, about 2 miles N.E. of Lochinvar. Sandstone. 

WINDEYER, 32° 50' S. lat., 149° 25' E. long. {Co. Wellington), is a postal 
township, in the electoral and police district of Muclgee. It is situated on the Meroo 
river ; the creeks in the neighbourhood being the Long creek, Campbell's creek, and 
Devil's Hole creek, which debouch into the Meroo, about a quarter of a mile from 
Windeyer. It is surrounded by moderately lofty chains of ranges : the principal are 
Borgia and Meroo mountains. Windeyer is in the centre of a mining district (allu- 
vial and quartz), the diggings being Long, Campbell's, Oaky, Stony, and Devil's 
Hole creeks, and the Meroo. The nearest places are Devil's Hole, 2 miles N., on 
Devil's Hole creek; Avisford, 5 miles S.W. ; and Pyramul, 10 miles N.E. The 
communication is by horse or dray. With Sydney, 173 miles S.E., the communica- 
tion is by spring cart to Mudgee, 20 miles, thence to Penrith by coach, and thence by 
rail. Windeyer has a post office, a National school, police quarters, and a court 
house. There is one hotel, the Good Woman, in the township. The surrounding 
country is mountainous, generally of trap and granitic formation. The population of 
Windeyer, and the villages before referred to, is between 500 and 600. Like many 
other townships situated in the centre of extensive diggings, mostly worked out, 
Windeyer derives considerable support from little settlements, formed in its neigh- 



Win] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 611 



bourhood upon patches of ground available for cultivation, which have been either 
purchased, or taken up under the Free Selection Act. 

WINDEYER is a county in the pastoral district of Murrumbidgee. It contains 
-81 acres of alienated land, and 2,726,319 acres unalienated. Its present boundaries, 
however, are open to modification. 

WINDNELLA MOUNT (Co. King) is a lofty mountain, lying on the S. of the 
Crookwell river, about 2 miles N.W. of Weeho, and at the head of the Burrawinda 
creek. Granite. 

WTNDOOMUL STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Power, H., and 
Davenport, G. H. ; area, 6400 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Balranald. Old charges, £22 ; new appraisement, £10. 

WINDOURAN BLOCK (A) STATION {Murrumbidgee 'district) ■ occupier, 
Moore, John ; area, 48,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £137 10s. 

WBTDOURAN BLOCK (B) STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ■ occupier, 
Moore, John ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, 
£25. 

WINDOURAN BLOCK (C) STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, 
McBean, Lachlan ; area, 12,800 acres; grazing capability, 10,003 sheep. Charges, 
£40. 

WINDOURAN STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Goldsborough 
and Parker ; area, 71,680 acres ; grazing capability, 7000 sheep. Charges, £70. 

WINDSOR, 33° 35' S. lat., 150° 53' E. long. {Co. Cumberland), is a postal town 
and railway station, in the parish of St. Matthew, and electoral and police districts of 
Windsor, It is situated on the Hawkesbury river, South creek, which bounds the 
town on the E. , falling into that river about a mile distant. The Blue mountains lie 
to the W. Windsor is a rich and extensive agricultural district, its soil being exceed- 
ingly fertile, and producing in abundance all kinds of cereals and farm produce. It 
has 3 steam flour mills, and a brewery. The town is built on a hill, 140 miles distant 
from the sea, by the river, which is navigable for vessels of 100 tons burthen to this 
point. A magnificent view of the surrounding country may be had from the higher 
parts of the town. The nearest places are Richmond, 4 miles W. ; Wilberforce, 44 
miles N.W. ; and Pitt Town, 4 miles N. The communication with Richmond is by 
rail, and with the other places by car. With Sydney, 34 miles S. E. , the communica- 
tion is by railway. Windsor has a court of petty sessions, a school of arts, a tele- 
graph office, a post and money order office, a benevolent asylum, branches of the City 
and New South Wales banks, and the Imperial, Colonial, United, Sydney, Northern, 
Liverpool and London and Globe, and Australian Mutual Provident Insurance com- 
panies. There is an Odd Fellows' (the Prince of Wales) lodge in the town, and there 
are 4 places of worship. The hotels are the Dove, Clare, Erin-go-bragh, Sir John 
Young, Hawkesbury, Fitzroy, Barraba, Railway, Commercial, Bell, and Ridge"s 
Family. The roads in the neighbourhood are under the control of a local trust. The 
surrounding country is gently undulating until it reaches the base of the Blue moun- 
tains. It bears probably the richest crops in the colony, but is, unfortunately, sub- 
ject to the devastations of terrific floods, which occur periodically. The geological 
formation is sandstone and shale. The population numbers about 2000 persons. 

Windsor electoral district comprises the divisions of Windsor and Richmond. 
Windsor embraces the town of Windsor, commencing at the point where the W. side 
of Palmer-street meets South creek ; and bounded thence by South creek to a stake 
situated on the bank ' of the creek on Fitzgerald's farm ; from this stake by a line 
bearing W. 91 chains to another stake ; from this by a line passing the N. fence of 
land belonging to the Benevolent asylum, bearing W. 34° N. 52 chains 80 links to a 
marked dead stump on Rickaby's creek^ from this stump by Rickaby's creek to the 
Hawkesbury river, by the Hawkesbury river to the point where the W. side of 
Palmer-street meets that river, and thence by the W. side of Palmer- street to South 
creek, aforesaid. And embracing the town of Richmond, in the county of Cumber- 
land ; commencing at a marked post on the S.W. corner of Wm. Townsend's land, 
from thence along Wilson's fence to the S. corner post, being a line bearing S. 27° W. 
12 chains 12 links ; from thence a line to the S.E. corner of the Catholic burial 
ground allotment, bearing S. 35° 3' W. 29 chains 10 links; from thence to the 



612 The Nev) South Wales Gazetteer. [Wis 



N.E. corner post of the fence of Luttrell's 400 acres, being a line bearing S. 62° & 
W. 19 chains 66 links ; from thenoe along the fence dividing it from the road to 
Penrith, being a line bearing S. 38° 20' AY. 55 chains 27 links ; from thence along 
the fence dividing it from the common to the corner post on the S. side of the road 
to the Kurrajong, being a line bearing W. 40° N. 81 chains 75 links ; from thence 
a line crossing the road and along a fence as far as it goes, and then a continuous line 
to a stake on the W. side of Pugh's lagoon, bearing N. 38° 10' E. 76 chains 30 links ; 
from thence a line across the lagoon to the commencing corner post, bearing E. 16° 
S. 86 chains 70 links. Richmond embraces the town of Richmond, commencing at a 
marked post at the S.W. corner of William Townsend's land, from thence, along 
"Wilson's fence, to the S. corner post, being a line bearing S. 27° W. 12 chains 12 
links ; from thence a line to the S.E. corner of the Catholic burial ground allotment, 
bearing S. 35° 3' W. 29 chains 10 links ; from thence to the N.E. corner post of the 
fence of LuttrelTs 400 acres, being a line bearing S. 62° 9' W. 19 chains 6(5 links ; 
from thence along the fence dividing it from the road to Penrith, being a line bearing 
S. 3S° 20' W. 55 chains 27 links ; from thence along the fence dividing it from the 
common to the corner post on the S. side of the road to the Kurrajong, being a line 
bearing W. 40° N. 81 chains 75 links ; from thence a line crossing the road and along 
a fence as far as it goes, and then a continuous line to a stake on the W. side of 
Pugh's lagoon, bearing N. 3S° 10' E. 76 chains 30 links ; from thence a line across 
the" lagoon to the commencing corner post, bearing E. 16° S. 86 chains 70 links. This 
electorate comprises part of the district of Windsor, and the district of Richmond, and 
returns 1 member to the Legislative Assembly, the present representative being W. 
Walker, Esq. The number of registered electors in this district is 654, of whom 450 
voted at the last general election, 1864-1865: 

Windsor is a police district, embracing the N.W. portion of the county of Cum- 
berland, the N.E. portion of the county of Cook, the S. portion of the county of 
Hunter, and S.W. portion of the county of Northumberland ; and bounded on the N. 
from the S.E. boundary of the parish of Frederick by the Hawkesbury river, upwards, 
to Wiseman's ferry ; thence on the E. by the N. road, from that ferry to mount 
M'Quoid, in the range dividing the waters of the Wollombi brook from those of Mac- 
donald river, Mangrove, and Yengo creeks ; on the N. by that range, and the range 
forming the S. watershed of Yengo creek, S. and W. , to the confluence of that creek 
with the Macdonald river ; thence by the spur range opposite that confluence, W., to 
the Mellong range ; thence by that range, N. , to its intersection with the E. prolong- 
ation of the N. boundary of a measured portion of 40 acres, conditionally purchased 
by R. Ridge, on Tupa or Putty creek, about half a mile, S. of T. W. E. B. Lay- 
cock's 100 acres (Tupa) ; thence by that line, and the N. boundary of that land, 
being the S. boundary of a reserve for access to water, and its continuation, W. , to 
the range dividing Wollemi and Putty creeks; thence by a line, S.W., to mount 
Werraba, and thence by the N. watershed of the Colo river, W. , to the Great Di- 
viding range, at the head of Coorongooba creek ; thence on the W. by that range, 
and the E. watershed of Umbiella creek, to the Colo river, at Sir John mouth ; on 
the S., by that river, downwards to the confluence of Wollunganbe creek, and again 
on the W. by the Wollunganbe creek to its source ; thence again on the S. by a line, 
S.E., to King George's mountain, thence by a line towards mount Hay to the river 
Grose, and by that river to its confluence with the Hawkesbury ; thence by a line, 
bearing S. E. , to Rickaby's creek, at the crossing of the Blacktown road, and by that 
road to Eastern creek; and on the E. by Eastern creek to the N. boundary of the 
parish of Prospect, near the confluence of Breakfast creek, by that boundary, bearing 
E. to the old Windsor road, and by that road, and the Windsor road, to its junction 
with the Pitt town road, at Vinegar hill, thence by a line bearing N.E. to George 
Suttor's grant of 60 acres, on the N. road to Wiseman's ferry, by that road to the 
S.W. angle of the parish of Frederick, and by the S.E. boundary of that parish, to 
the Hawkesbury river, aforesaid. The places of petty sessions are Windsor and St. 
Alban's. 

WINDSOR ( Co. Cumberland) is an incorporated district, containing an area of 
521.689 acres. Its council consists of 7 members. Its boundaries comprise the 
same land as the police district of Windsor. 

WINDSOR {Co. Cumberland) is a hundred, comprising the parishes of St. 
Matthew, Gidley, Nelson, and Pitt town. 



Win] 



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013 



WINDY CORNER STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Harvey, Thomas ; 
area, 3S40 acres ; grazing capability, 300 head of cattle. Old charges, £22 10s. ; new- 
appraisement, 12s. lOd. , 

WINGECARRIBBEE {Co. Camden) is a postal town, in the electoral district 
of Camden, and police district of Berrima. It is situated on the Wingecarribbee 
swamp, and is an agricultural district, lying between Berrima, on the W. , and the 
Illawarra coast range on the E., partly surrounding a large swamp, from which it 
derives its name. There are no rivers in the district, but innumerable small streams 
forming the sources of four large streams, namely : the Wingecarribbee, flowing W. ; 
the Macquarie rivulet eastward, emptying into the Illaw r arra lake ; the Nepean, 
flowing N. W. ; and the Kangaroo river, flowing S. into the Shoalhaven river. Win- 
gecarribbee will no doubt be, before long, a highly flourishing agricultural district ; it 
was only taken up under the Lands Alienation Act of 1861, and, is, consequently, a 
new country. The new township of " Eobertson " has recently been surveyed, and 
has not yet been brought into the market. It lies about midway between Berrima 
and Kiama, each being distant about 20 miles. Owing to the dimensions of the 
scrub, there is no regular communication with either places yet, except by packhorse. 
The Government has, however, placed a sum of money in the hands of local trustees 
for opening up communication with the places referred to. The communication with 
Sydney is by water from Kiama. There will be access by rail, when the Great 
Southern railway reaches Bong-Bong, which is expected to be completed in about 12 
months from this time. There are no carrying offices as yet, but as soon as a road 
practicable for drays is completed, there will be considerable traffic in farm produce, 
as extraordinary crops of vegetables have been raised— potatoes, turnips, cabbages, 
mangolds, beet, carrots, parsnips, &c. ; and and also in timber, of which there is 
abundance. The surrounding country is comparatively rolling or undulating, and 
from 2000 to 2500 feet above the level of the sea. The formation is trap, surrounded 
by sandstone, the extent of trap being about 30, 000 acres. The population numbers 
about 1200 ; the place is divided into four parishes, namely, Yarrawa, Kangaloon, 
BurrawaDg, and Uranga. The country is very heavily timbered with c ucalypta of 
enormous size, some trees of that genus, being from 16 feet to 18 feet in diameter, and 
from 150 to 200 feet high. A great variety of trees, common to the cedar scrubs of 
the colony, principally Doryphora, Aemena, Ceratapetalum Apetalum, Stenocarpus 
Salignus, Euerypata Moordii, &c, &c, all attaining large size. 

WINGECAREIBBEE CREEK {Co. Camden) is a small stream, rising in the 
Wingecarribbee swamp, and flowing W. through heavily timbered but rich country 
into the Wollondilly river. It is fed by the Wanganderry creek. Sandstone and 
schist. 

WINGECARRIBBEE SWAMP {Co. Camden) is a tract of marshy land, 
admirably adapted for agricultural purposes, and lying on the creek of the same name, 
near the townships of Bong-Bong and Kangaloon, 20 miles from Berrima, and 30 
miles from Wollongong. This swamp commences about 1 mile to the E. of wmere the 
old Bong-Bong road runs into the Great Southern road at Martin's public house, on 
the edge of the Bargo brush, and extends about 8 miles from E. to W. The E. end 
is surrounded by the Kangaloon hills, and is taken up by a considerable number of 
free selectors, under the Robertson Land Act. On the N. and N.E. sides of the swamp 
are bold ranges, abounding with fine natural springs. On the E.N.E. and S.E. is a 
belt of forest land covered with fine gum and messmate, some of the trees attaining 
gigantic proportions, and having stems of from 80 to 120 feet, without a branch, and 
as much as 42 feet in circumference. Between these trees is a dense growth of underwood, 
consisting of fern trees and numerous varied and beautiful shrubs and plants, with 
tussocks of thick and heavy grass. Beyond that is a brush of messmate and sassa- 
fras, the latter being largely used by the settlers for building and fencing purposes. 
The land is exceedingly rich, from the mixture of decomposed vegetable matter with 
the soil, and roots and tubers grow abundantly ; it is too rich, however, for cereals, as 
it wants impoverishing and sweetening, and the" wheat crops which have hitherto 
been tried have proved comparative failures for that reason. This swamp lies at an 
elevation of 2058 feet above the level of the sea. Sandstone and trap rock. 

WINGELLQ ( Co. Camden) is a small village in the electoral district of Camden, 
and police district of Berrima. It is situated near the Uringelly creek, and lies 5 
miles S. of the township of Murrumbah, and 6 miles N. of Marulan, with which 



614 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



places there is communication by coach ; and with Sydney, 1 07 miles N. N. E. , by coach* 
to Picton, and thence by rail. There is one hotel, the White Horse inn. The sur- 
rounding country is well grassed, timbered, and the geological formation is ferruginous 
quartz conglomerate (miners' cement). The population is small, and principally 
employed in agricultural pursuits. 

WXNGENBAR STATION {Bligh district) ■ occupier, Friend, Charles ; area,. 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31 10s. 

WINGEN {Co. Brisbane) is a small township in the parish of Wingen, and 
electoral district of upper Hunter. It is situated at the junction of the Petwyn and 
Kingdon Pond's creeks. Although this township has been surveyed and marked out, 
there are but very few buildings erected there as yet, the principal ones being the 
Highland Home hotel, and the Burning Mountain inn. Wingen is situated 7 miles S. 
of Blandford. Sandstone and shale. 

WINGEN, MOUNT, (or the Burning Mountain) {Co. Brisbane), on a range- 
on the E. side of the Great North road, and about 12 miles from Scone, what is known 
as the burning mountain is of sufficient interest to dispose many travellers to stop at 
the Highland Home, or at the Burning Mountain inn to visit the locality from whence, 
in wide fissures of the earth, fumes of smoke and choking vapours are continually 
rising. On examination of the strata, it is sufficiently evident that we are within the 
coal field, and that the smoke and vapour rise from a coal seam, which must be in 
process of slow combustion at some considerable depth from the surface. In the 
gully s and crevices, formed by the falling in of the ground? as the coal is consumed, 
shales can be collected in which abundant impressions of the ferns and flora peculiar to 
the carboniferous deposits of Australia, are to be found. The trees and vegetation are 
seen to be withered over an extensive area ; and it is supposed that this area marks 
the extent and progress of the fire below, but it is not so — it only shows the main 
direction of the winds which carries these vapours, and wither all vegetation with 
which it may come in contact. The heat of the soil will produce a rank vegetation 
in places sheltered from these fumes ; for, notwithstanding it was mid- winter at the 
time of our visit, and ice and snow capped the ranges rotmd, we observed mushrooms 
and fungi growing in sheltered places, under favour of the heat of the soil. Sulphurous 
salts can be collected from the walls of the crevices, and these salts have considerable 
local repute for the cure of sores in horses and cattle. From the quantity of sulphurous: 
vapour emitted, and the fact that the strata are almost on edge, or raised to a high 
angle by the protrusion of a line of basalt peaks which can be seen bordering the coal 
field on the E. side, permitting the easy entry of drainage waters, it is probable that 
heat was thus generated and spontaneous combustion produced ; and, as the fire and 
vapours have easy exit by the same channels, the combustion may continue so long as 
there is coal to feed the fire. Fossil wood and agates are to be found on searching for 
them, as also the fossil shells characteristic of the lower coal seams. The burning 
mountain is about 655 feet above the level of the Highland Home inn, and about a 
couple of hours suffice for the promenade there and back. 

WINGHAM, 31° 56' S. lat., 152° 25' E. long. (Co. Macquarie), is a postal town- 
ship, in the parish of Wingham, electoral district of the Hastings, and police district 
of Manning river. It is situated on the banks of the Manning river. The Cedar Party 
creek, one of the boundary lines of the township, runs to the N., and the Dingo creek 
W. , empties itself into the Manning river, about 7 miles W. of the township. The 
country surrounding Wingham is an agricultural and very poor pastoral district. 
Tinonee is the nearest township, bearing S. W. about 6 miles ; Taree is the next town- 
ship, bearing nearly E. about 8 miles — the most flourishing township on the river. 
The means of communication are on horseback or by water, the whole of the townships 
being situated on the banks of the Manning river. With Sydney, 195 miles S., the 
communication is by steamer from Taree ; there is a very good road from Tinonee to 
Raymond terrace, for persons not wishing to take a long sea voyage, from thence to 
Sydney by steamer. Wingham has a post office, a court house, and a branch of the 
Sydney insurance company. The hotels are the Lamb inn (Stace's) and the Settlers' 
amis (Geiss's). The roads of the district are under the control of a local board. The 
surrounding neighbourhood consists of mountainous and scrubby country, with stony 
ridges, and great quantities of limestone of superior quality in almost any quantity, on 
several of the ridges. Thepopulation numbers about 90 persons. Itwould beof very great 
convenience to the inhabitants if the Government could be induced to have a punt 



Wm — Wis] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



615 



across the Manning at this place, Wingham being the oldest township on the river, 
and the district court being held here twice a year ; it is also the head quarters of the 
police. 

WINGILONGr STATION {Bligh district); occupier, Flood, Edward; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £33. 

WINGI-WINGI BUKT STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Wood 
Brothers and Kirk; area, 18,400 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£44 10s. 

WINIFRED CREEK {Co. Beresford), a small S. tributary of the UmaraUa 
river, crossing the road from Panbula to Nimmitibel, about 3 miles E. of the latter 
place. It flows through rough poor country, with forest intersected by swamps. The 
geological formation is sandstone, with alluvial swampy deposit. 

WINIFRED PEAK ( Co. Beresford) is a high peak in the Monaro range, at the 
head of the Winifred creek, N. E. of Nimmitibel. It attains an altitude of 3709 feet, 
according to the approximate measurement of the Rev. W. B. Clarke. Granitic rocks, 
irregularly interpolating and disturbing quartz-bearing slates, of different colours and 
degrees of hardness, the lower ranges being overflowed by trappean eruptions. 

WINTERBOURNE STATION {New England district); occupier, Morris, 
William ; area, 30, 720 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle and 8000 sheep. 
Charges, £120. 

m WINTER RUN STATION {Murrumbidgee district); occupiers, Pullemy and 
Mein, Augustus G-. ; estimated area, 28, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The 
nearest post town is Moulamein. The old charges were £40 ; the recently appraised 
rental is £80. 

WINTERVALE STATION (Clarence district) ; occupier, Sweeny, James ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £33. 

WIRAGrAI STATION (Bliyh district) ; occupiers, Ryrie and Alexander ; areas 
21,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

WIRKINBIRGAL BLOCK (B) STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, 
Lang, William ; estimated area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The 
nearest post town is Hay. The old charges were £30 ; the recently appraised rental 
is £80. 

WIRKINBIRGAL BLOCK (A) STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, 
Lang, William ; estimated area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The 
nearest post town is Hay. The old charges were £30 ; the recently appraised rental 
is £70. 

WIRRA WARRA STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Hughes, Fred- 
erick; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £27 lis. 

• WIRRAH STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupiers, Cooper, J. and T. ; area, 
64,000 acres; grazing capability, 1920 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Walgett. Charges, £50. 

WIRRIR STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Pearse, Joseph ; area, 32,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old charges, £30 ; new appraise- 
ment, £80. 

WISEMAN'S CREEK {Co. Westmoreland) is a small E. tributary of the Stony 
creek. It is crossed by the road from Bathurst to the village of Irish River creek. 
Palseozoic. 

WISEMAN'S FERRY {Co. Northumberland) is a small postal village, in the 
parish of Nelson, electoral district of the Wollombi, and police district of Brisbane 
Water, situated on the Hawkesbury river, the M 'Donald river being 1 mile N.W. 
The district is an agricultural one, and has 2 mills — one, 10 miles S. ; the other, 4 
miles E. ; both driven by water power. The nearest township is St. Albans, 12 
miles W. ; the communication being by horse or dray. With Sydney, 55 miles S., 
the communication is by horse to Windsor, 21 miles S., and thence by rail. Wise- 
man's ferry lies on the great N. road between Sydney and Maitland, and is the 
crossing place of the Hawkesbury. There is a punt, and 2 hotels — the Hawkesbury 



616 



TJie Xew South Wales Gazetteer. [Woa — Wol 



Eiver inn and the Victoria Arms, in the Tillage. The district is mountainous, the 
geological formation sandstone and schist, and the population about 100 persons, 
chiefly settlers. 

WO AT AL ABA STATION [Bligh district) ; occupiers, M 'Master, D. and J. ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

WOGONGA BACK STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Bamsay, D. ; area, 
16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Booligal. Charges, £30. 

WOGONGOBORAMBY STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Eudd, 
James ; area, 24,320 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were 
i£33 Ss. 9d. ; the recently appraised rental is £37. 

WOGr-WOGr CEEEK (Co. Auckland) is a S. tributary of the Towamba river, 
rising in the E. slope of mount Coolangubra, and flowing in a general E. direction into 
the main stream, near Sturt township. Granite, passing into porphyry, and traversed 
by dykes of quartz. 

WQGr-WOGr STATION [Monaro district) ; occupier, Cummings, Michael James ; 
area, 15,930 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Eden. Charges, £45. 

WOGr-WOGr STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Bradley, William ; area, 
15,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. The nearest post town is Eden. 
Charges, £35. 

WOHIMIN for Tucajjio) MOUNT (Co. Clarence) is a lofty detached hill, lying 
on the E. side of the road from Yamba to Grafton, about 16 miles S S. W. of the former 
place, and 5 miles inland from the coast. This is the Peaked hill of Captain Cook. 
Sandstone. 

WOLG-AN EIVEE ( Co. Cook) is a S. tributary of the Colo river, flowing through 
a deep precipitous ravine, known as the Valley of the Wolgan. Sandstone. 

WOLLADILLY CEEEK (Co. Bland, Lachlan district) is a small W. tributary 
of the Narraburra creek. Lower silurian, with alluvial drift. 

WOLLANGAMBE CEEEK (Co. Cool:) is a S. tributary of the Colo river. 
Sandstone. 

WOLLAE CEEEK (Co. Phidip) is a S. tributary of the head of the Goulburn 
river. Sandstone and schist. 

WQLLAWIGNEE STATION (Wellington district); occupier, Forlonge, W.; 
area, 12,800 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

WOLLEIyll CEEEK (Co. Hunter) is a N. tributary of the Colo river. Sand- 
stone. 

WOLLEN MOUNT (Co. Durham). See Mouxt Patersox. 
WOLLQMBA EIVEE ( Co. Gloucester) is a small stream, flowing from the N. W. 
into Wallis' lake. Sandstone. 

W0LL0M3I BEOOK (or Cockfighter's Creek) ( Cos. Hunter and Northumber- 
land) is a fine stream, rising near mount Simpson, and flowing past the township of 
Wollombi into the Hunter river, about Singleton. It separates the counties of Hunter 
and Northumberland. Sandstone. 

WOLLOMBI, 32° 57' S. lat., 151° 10' E. long. (Co. Northumberland), is a postal 
township, in the parish and electoral and police districts of Wollombi. It is situated 
on the Wollombi creek, near the Cockfighter and Yango creeks. The district is an 
agricultural one, and has 1 flour mill. The nearest places are Laguna, S.W., and 
Millfield, N.E., the communication being by horse or dray. With Sydney, 122 miles 
S.E. , the communication is by horse or dray to Maitland, about 27 miles, thence by 
rail to Newcastle, and thence by steamer. There are 3 hotels in Wollombi, the Wol- 
lombi, Harp of Erin, and Cricketers' Arms. The surrounding country is mountain- 
ous, and of carbonaceous sandstone formation. The population numbers about 200 
persons in the township. There is 1 church of England, and 1 Eoman catholic, church, a 
post office, a telegraph station, 3 stores, a court house and lock-up, and a National 
school. 



Wol] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 617 



Wollombi electoral district embraces the midland and S.E. portions of the county 
of Northumberland ; and is bounded on the N. by a line from Reid's Mistake, at the 
entrance to lake Macquarie, through lake Macquarie westerly, to Doro creek, by 
Doro creek to the range dividing the waters of Wollombi brook from those of lake 
Macquarie, and by that range northerly, to Broken. Back range westerly, the range 
forming the N. watershed of Culawine and Cedar creeks, and a spur range to the 
Wollombi brook, and thence by a spur range, and the range dividing the waters of 
Werong and Drew's creeks, to the range dividing the waters of Wollombi brook and 
the Macdonald river ; on the W. by the range dividing the waters of Wollombi 
brook and the Macdonald river to mount M'Quoid; and thence by the North road, 
southerly, to the Hawkesbury river, at Wiseman's ferry ; on the S. by the Hawkes- 
bury river to the sea ; and on the E. by the sea to Beid's Mistake, aforesaid. This 
electorate comprises the district of Wollombi and Brisbane Water, and returns 1 
member to the Legislative Assembly, the present representative being Joseph Eckf ord, 
Esq. The number of registered electors in this district is 1083, of whom 630 voted 
at the last general election, 1864-1865. 

Wollombi is a police district, embracing parts of the counties of Northumberland 
and Hunter ; and bounded on the N". , from near the head of WalkV creek, by the 
Broken Back range, and by the range forming the N. watershed of Cedar and Cula- 
wine creeks, and a spur range to the Wollombi brook, and thence by a spur range, 
and the range dividing the waters of Werong and Brew's creeks, Barson's creek, 
Doyle's creek, and Greig's creek, from those of the Macdonald river, westerly, to 
Monundilla ; thence by the range dividing the waters of the Widden creek from those 
of James' or Barrami creek, and a spur range to Widden creek, about 3 miles below 
the junction of Blackwater creek ; on the W. by Widden creek to its head at mount 
Coricudgy ; thence by the Great Dividing range to the head of Coorongooba creek ; 
thence on the S. by the range forming the N. watershed of the Colo river, easterly, to 
mount Werraba ; thence by a line, north-easterly, to a point on the range dividing 
the waters of Butty or Tupa creek and Wollemi creek, due W. , from the S.W. 
corner of a measured portion of 40 acres, conditionally purchased by B. Bidge, or 
Tupa or Butty creek, about half a mile, southerly, from T. W. E. B. Laycock's 100 
acres (Tupa) ; thence by a line bearing E. to that corner ; thence by the N. boundary 
of that land, and its easterly prolongation to the Mellong range ; thence, by that 
range, southerly, to a spur range which joins it, terminating opposite the confluence 
of Yengo creek with the Macdonald river ; thence by that spur range, easterly, to 
that confluence, and by the range forming the S. watershed of Yengo creek, easterly 
and northerly, and the range forming the S. watershed of Wollombi brook to mount 
M'Quoid, and the range dividing the waters of the Wollombi brook from those of 
Wyong and Mangrove creeks ; and on the E. by the range dividing the waters of the 
Wollombi brook from those of Dora and Wallis' creeks, to the Broken Back range, 
aforesaid. The places of petty sessions are Wollombi and iEllalong. 

WOLLUMBOOLA LAGOON {Co. St. Vincent) is a small inlet of the sea, 
lying a few miles N. of Jervis' bay. Sandstone. 

W0LL0MGMBX STATION {New England district) ; occupier, Hall, T. S. ; 
area, 115,000 acres ; grazing capability, 20,000 sheep. Charges, £280 18s. 9d. 

W0LL0NABY CBEEK {Co. Wallace) is a small S. tributary of the head of 
the Snowy river, flowing into it at the crossing of the road from Cooma to Gipps 
land. Trap rock. 

W0LL0NAL STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupier, Bettington, J. H.; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£40 ; the recently appraised rental is £60. 

W0LL0NDILLY BIVEB (Cos. Argyle, Camden, and Westmoreland) is a fine 
stream, rising in the Cullarin range, near Grubben Gullen, and, flowing through the 
township of Goulburn in a general N. direction for about 90 miles, joins Cox's river, 
the two forming the Warragamba river. During the lower part of its course the 
Wollondilly flows through the celebrated sunk valley of Burragorang, and waters fine 
scrubby pastoral and agricultural country. Its upper part runs through excellent 
grazing country, watering, amidst other places, the celebrated Goulburn plains. It 
is fed by numerous streams, the principal of which are the Mulwaree ponds, Bulla- 
malita, Be jar, Burmaby, Guinecor, Murrain, Wingecarribee, Joortland, Tinkettle, 



618 The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Wol 



and Bob Higgins' creeks ; and the Cookbundoon, Paddy's, and Nattai rivers. Sand- 
stone ond metamorphic schists, with crystals of quartz, whose form is a double hexa- 
hedral pyramid, lying on porphyry. 

WOLLONGELONG STATION (Wellington district) ; occupier, Read, Nicholas 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £42 16s. 3d. 

WOLLONGONG, 34° 25 S. lat., 150° 58' E. long. (Co. Camden), is a postal and 
seaport town in the parish of Wollongong, electoral district of Illawarra, and police 
district of Wollongong. It is situated on the Macquarie rivulet, on the head of an 
inlet called Wollongong harbour. Wollongong and the entire district is justly cele- 
brated for the beauty of its scenery and the salubrity of its climate. Mounts Keira 
and Kembla are the principal mountains in the district, and overhang the township. 
Lake Illawarra is about 9 miles distant. It is saline, and is one of the most beautiful 
in the colony. There are 2 steam flour mills in operation in the town. The district 
is an agricultural and coal mining one, to which may be added in a few months the 
mining for kerosene shale. Bulli lies about 9 miles N. ; it has a saw mill and one of the 
prettiest Wesleyan churches in the district ; Charcoal and Dapto, 6 miles S. ; Woonona 
about 6 miles N., a promising little village, with a church of England school 
and mechanics' institute. The communication is by mail conveyance every night 
except Saturday night to Woonona and Bulli, and Sunday to Dapto and Charcoal. 
With Sydney, 64 miles N., the communication is by steamer, and by mail conveyance 
every night (probably 65 miles), 33 by rail. Wollongong has a hospital, known as 
the Albert Memorial hospital ; also a post and money order office, telegraph station, 
and branches of the English, Scottish, and Australian, Commercial, City, and Savings 
banks ; and the Victoria, United, Sydney, Liverpool and London and Globe, and 
Australian Mutual Insurance companies ; also a branch of the New South Wales 
Bible society, and a Masonic lodge (lodge Unanimity and Concord, No. 620 E. C. ). 
The Queen's, Eoyal, and Brighton are the principal hotels. There are also the Harp, 
(better known as Mr. Davis's), Cricketers' and Settlers' Arms, and Osborne's Family 
hotel. There is a booking office at the Cricketers' Arms (Ryan's), whence start a 
4-horse coach between Sydney and Wollongong, and a 2-horse double American buggy 
between Wollongong, Dapto, Kiama, and Shoalhav T en. Wollongons has 2 local papers, 
the Illawarra Mercury and the Illawarra Express. The population numbers about 
1500 persons, and the geological formation is carbonaceous sandstone, shale, and lime- 
stone. Wollongong municipality was proclaimed 22nd February, 1859. The estimated 
annual value of rateable property within it is £9138, from which (including Govern- 
ment aid) it derived in 1864 an income of £850 10s. 4d. Its expenditure during that 
year was £857 0s. lOd. The extent of its roads and streets is 11^ miles, and the 
number of registered electors, 166. 

Wollongong is a police district, embracing a N. E. portion of the county of Cam- 
den, and a S.E. portion of the county of Cumberland ; and bounded on the N. by a 
line S.W. from the Coal cliff to the confluence of the Cataract creek with the Cataract 
river, and by that river, downwards, to the confluence of Wallandoola creek ; on the 
W. by that creek, upwards, to a point due N. from the confluence of Cordeaux river 
and Cordeaux creek, thence by a line S. to that confluence, thence by a line S. to 
mount Murray in the IllaAvarra range, and by that range S. to the source of the Mac- 
quarie rivulet ; on the S. by that rivulet to the Illawarra lake, and by that lake to 
the sea, and on the E. by the sea to the Coal cliff, aforesaid. The place of petty 
sessions is Wollongong. 

W0L0G0R0NG LAKE ( Co. Argife) is a small swampy lake, about 2 miles in 
length, lying in the parish of the same name, and to the S. of the Second Bredalbane 
plain. Trap rock. 

W0LST0NCR0FT POINT [Co. Northumberland). See Lake Macquarie. 

WOLUI/ILA {Co. Auckland) is a postal village, in the parish of Wolumla, and 
electoral and police districts of Eden. It is situated on the Wolumla creek, the 
Bemboka river flowing to the N. at a distance of 5 miles. The district is an agricul- 
tural and pastoral one, the nearest townships being Merimbula, distant 8^ miles S., 
and Bega, 13 miles N.E. ; with these places there is no regular communication. With 
Sydney, 267 miles N., the communication is by steamer for Merimbula once a week. 
There is 1 hotel, the Plough, in the village. The surrounding country _is undulating 



"Wol — Won] The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



619 



and scrubby. The geological formation is trappean, and the population small and 
scattered. 

WOLTJMLA CREEK {Co. Auckland) is a S. tributary of the Bega river, rising 
in the N. slope of the Wolumla peak, and flowing 1ST. E. about 14 miles. In its course 
it expands into a large swampy lagoon. Greenstone diorite, felstone, and felspar por- 
phyry. 

WOLTJMLA PEAK ( Co. Auckland) is the highest elevation of a detached group 
of mountains, which lie in the centre of the county, and in the parish of Wolumla. It 
attains an altitude of 2220 feet above the level of the sea, and lies in broken scrubby 
pastoral country, at the head of the Panbula river. The geological formation is trap 
rock and basalt. 

WOM AEG- AM A STATION {Murrumbidgee district); occupier, Mitchell, Thomas; 
estimated area, 39,870 acres; grazing capability, 9000 sheep. The old charges were 
£90 ; the recently appraised rental is £70. 

W0MBALLAWAY MOUNT {Co. St. Vincent) is a lofty peak of the Budawang 
range, presenting a barren and Hat-topped appearance from the sea. It lies on the 
banks of the Clyde river. Sandstone. 

WOMBAT ( Co. MonteagU) is a postal township, in the electoral district of the 
Lachlan, and police district of Binalong. It is situated on the Wombat creek. 
Wombat is both an agricultural and mining district. The soil generally is of a rich 
red loam, peculiarly adapted for the growing of wheat, and on the side of the creek it 
will yield from 30 to 45 bushels per acre. The mining is alluvial. The Lambing 
Elat diggings are distant 10 miles, and the Eurongilly, 55 miles ; the township of 
Young is situated about 10 miles N.; Murrumburrah, 13 miles S.E., upon the main, 
coach road to Sydney. The communication with these places is by coach three times 
per week. With Sydney, 245 miles N.E., the communication is by coach, via Yass 
and Goulburn, thrice a week to Picton, and thence by rail. The hotels are the Aus- 
tralian arms (Lewington's), Albion arms (Nerbury's), and Diggers' rest (Holman's). 
There is a post office and a police barracks in the township. The country surround- 
ing Wombat is very hilly, and of an undulating character, thickly timbered. The 
geological formation is granitic and trappean, with nmch quartziferous slate. The 
population consists of about from 200 to 300 Europeans, and about the same amount 
of Chinese. 

WOMBAT BRUSH [Co. Camden) is a tract of thickly timbered land, lying on 
the road from Berrima to Tarlo. The soil is rich, and suited for tubers and roots. 
It lies at an elevation of 2128 feet above the level of the sea, and is mostly taken up 
by settlers. Trap and sandstone. 

W0MBINE STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Lee, Thomas ; area, 20,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

W0MB0BBY STATION {Bligh district) ; occupiers, Ryrie and Alexander ; 
area 28, 125 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The old charges were £60 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £145. 

W0MB0IN STATION {Wellington district) ; occupier, Richardson, William W. j 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31 Is. 

WOMBKAMARCA CREEK {Co. Parry) is a small auriferous tributary of the 
head of the Peel river, rising in the Australian Alps, near Crawney pass, and flowing 
N. about 7 miles. Upper and middle palaeozoic. 

W0NDALGA CREEK {Co. Wynyard), a smaU tributary of the Adelong creek, 
on the Adelong gold fields. Granite and trap rock. 

W0ND0W0NDA MOUNT ( Co. Hunter) is a peak of the Hunter range, lying 
near the head of the Tupa creek. It is rugged and scrubby, and composed of ferru- 
ginous sandstone. 

W0ND0WYEE CREEK {Co. Wynyard) is an auriferous creek, rising in the 
broken country between Adelong and Tumut, and flowing S. E. into the Gilmore 
creek, about 4 miles S.W. of the latter place. It is crossed by the road between the 
two townships named. It is fed by the Wondalga creek, and has a few small patches 



620 



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of agricultural land upon it, which are taken up in small farms. Granite and trap 
rock. 

WONGAMONGr PLAINS STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, 
Creed, John ; area, 20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £34 ; 
new appraisement, £52 10s. 

WONNQCK STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Goldsborough, K. 
G., and Stettle, A. ; area, 32,400 acres ; grazing capability, 980 head of cattle. The 
old charges were £60 ; the recently appraised rental is £301. 

WONOMXNTA CREEK, E., 1 STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Morgan, 
John ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

WONOMINTA CREEK, E., 2 STATION (Albert district); occupier, Morgan, 
John; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

WONOMINTA CREEK, W., 1 STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Morgan, 
John ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £12 10s. 

WOMOMINTA CREEK, W., 2 STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Morgan, 
John ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

WOODBTJILlf (Co. St. Vincent) is a small agricultural settlement, lying 9 miles 
W. of Ulladulla, and in the midst of fine land, taken up by small farmers. Sand- 
stone and shales, with deep alluvial soil, eminently adapted to cultivation. 

W00DEITB0HG STATION (Clarence district); occupiers, Morehead and 
Young ; area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2500 head of cattle. Old charges, 
£90; new appraisement, £110. 

W00DF0KD BAY {Co. Cumberland) is an indentation on the N. bank of the 
Lane Cove river, near its fall into the Parramatta river. Sandstone. 

WGODHOUSELLE (Co. Argyle) is a postal village, in the parish of Pejar, 
electoral district of Argyle, and police district of Goulburn. It is situated on the 
Pejar creek, about 3 miles N.E. of the Wollondilly river. The district is an agricul- 
tural one, the nearest township being Pejar, 3 miles S.W. The communication is by 
horse or dray ; and with Sydney, by Cobb's coach from Goulburn, and rail from Pic- 
ton, the distance being 142 miles N.E. There is 1 hotel, the Travellers' Rest. The 
surrounding country is undulating, and well adapted for agricultural purposes, the 
formation being of ferruginous sandstone, whinstone, and metamorphic slate. The 
population numbers about 30 persons. 

WOOD MOUNT (Albert district), a peak of the Grey range, which see. 

WOOD No. 1 STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, De Sailly, G. P. ; area, 
16,000 acres; grazing capability, uncertain. Charges, £31. 

WOOD'S FLAT CREEK (Co. Bathurst) is a small tributary of the Wangoola 
creek, falling into it at the crossing of the Cowra and Carcoar road. Lower silurian, 
with alluvial deposit. 

WOOD'S MOUNT (Co. Wellington) is a lofty solitary peak, lying on the W. 
bank of the Macquarie river, between the Stony creek and the Tambaroora gold fields, 
and about 10 miles N. of Ophir, from -which place it forms a prominent landmark. 
Metamorphic slate and granite. 

W00DSREEF (Co. Darling) is a postal mining township, in the elec- 
toral district of Liverpool plains, and police district of Tamworth. It is situated on 
the Nangahra creek, the Manila river being distant 6 miles. There are 2 quartz- 
crushing mills in the district, which is a mining one (both quartz and alluvial), also, 
to some extent, agricultural and pastoral. The nearest place is Barraba, distant 10 
miles, on a marked tree line ; on the main line of road, 15 miles. The communica- 
tion is by horse or dray. With Sydney, 319 miles S., the communication is by horse 
to Tamworth, thence by mail coach to Singleton, thence by rail to Newcastle, and 
thence by steamer. The hotel is the "Our House at Home." The surrounding 
country is mountainous, the population numbering about 120 persons. Granite and 
slate. 

WOODSTOCK STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, De Sadly, G. P. ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 



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621 



WOODVILLE (Co. Durham) is a postal township, in the electoral district of 
the Hunter, and police district of Maitland. It is situated on the Paterson river, 
the river Hunter being situated within 3 miles E. The Dunmore steam Hour-mill is 
situated on the S. bank of the Paterson, immediately opposite Woodville. The dis- 
trict is strictly an agricultural one. The nearest places are Paterson, 6 miles N. W. 
by N. ; Morpeth, 4 miles S.E. ; Hinton, 3 miles E. ; Largs (or Dunmore), 1^ mile 
S. E. by S. ; and West Maitland, S. W. , 6 miles. The communication being by car- 
riage road and river steamer. With Sydney, 115 miles, the communication is by 
raifway from Maitland to Newcastle, and thence by steamer. There are 2 schools in 
the township, 1 IS ational and 1 Denominational. The roads are under the control of a 
local road trust. The country round Woodville is an alluvial flat fully cultivated ; it 
is surrounded by well wooded bush, and from S. E. to N. by hills of sandstone for- 
mation. 

WOOLABRA STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Munroe, Alexan- 
der ; area, 22,400 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £40 ; new ap- 
praisement, £130 15s. 

W09LACHLAN CREEK (Co. Wellington) is an auriferous S. tributary of the 
Meroo creek, rising in the upper Waurdong range, and flowing in a N. W. direction 
through the E. portion of the Louisa creek gold fields. Micaceous schist and claj^ey 
* shale,°with quartz ridges and dykes of trappean rock. 

W00LAG00LA STATION (Wellington district); occupier, Cope, Joseph; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£30 ; the recently appraised rental is £80. 

W0QLAG00LA, W., STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Cope, Joseph ;., 
area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £57 lis. 

WOOLAHRA ( Co. Cumberland) is a suburban municipality, forming part of the 
electoral district of Paddington, and lying to the ff. of the Old South Head road from 
Sydney, and between that and and the New South Head road. It is a favourite place 
of residence for merchants and others having business in Sydney, from which it lies 
distant about 4 miles, the communication being by 'buss. There is an Odd Fellows" 
lodge (Rose of Denmark lodge No. 39) in the locality. Woollahra municipality was pro- 
claimed 17th April, 1860. The estimated annual value of rateable property within it 
is £28,000, from which (including Government aid) it derived, in the year 1864, an 
income of £3444 5s. lOd. Its expenditure during that year was £2730 13s. The ex- 
tent of its streets and roads is 9 miles, and the number of registered electors, 583. 

WOOLBXREA ISLAND (Co. Clarence). See Harwood Islands. 

WOOLENDXBY STATION (Monaw district) ; occupier, McEvoy, James ; area, 
20,000 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Charges, £70. 

WQOLGARLO STATION (Lachlan district) • occupier, Robertson, Thomas ; 
area, 7680 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£33 8s. 9d. ; the recently appraised rental is £40. 

W00LX-W00LI RIVER (Co. Clarence) is a small sandy stream, flowing into 
the sea, in about 29° 52' S. lat. Sandstone. 

W00LLA CREEK (Co. St. Vincent) is a small E. tributary of the Drua or 
upper part of the Moruya river. Granite and slate. 

W0QLLA-W00LLA BACK STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Smith, 
John Thomas ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

W00LLA-W00LLA BACK RUN STATION (Warrego district); occupier, 
Smith, Thomas A. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£30 2s. 

W00LLA-W00LLA BACK OF BACK STATION (Warrego district); 
occupier, Smith, John ; area, 64, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, 
£30. 

W00LLAWIEGREL STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, unknown ; 
area and grazing capability uncertain, Tne old charges were £40 j the recently ap- 
praised rental is £60. 



622 



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[Woo 



WOOLLI CREEK (Co. Cumberland) is a small watercourse, falling into the 
estuary of Cook's river, on the S. side, and near Unwin's bridge. Silurian. 

WOOLLERE LAKE {Co. Walcool). See Coomarooy Lakes. 

WOOLLI {Co. Richmond) is a small postal hamlet on the Clarence river, about 
12 miles S.S.W. of the Clarence river heads. It contains 1 hotel, the Woolli, also the 
post office for an agricultural district inhabited by a number of small settlers. Sand- 
stone. 

WQ0L0M0L STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Jenkins, George ; 
area, 11,520 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

W00L00LA MOUNT {Co. Buchland) is a spur of the Peel ranges, lying to the 
N.E. of the township of Carroll. Ferruginous sandstone. 

W00L00M0M, DUNCAN CEEEK STATION {Liverpool plains district) ; 
occupier, Caldwell, Thomas ; area, 10,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. 
Charges, £40. 

W00L00MBYE STATION [LacJdan district) ; occupier, Cornish, E. B. ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. Charges, £60 10s. 

W00L00M00LENLEY STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Falconer, Jas. 
Boyle ; estimated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2500 sheep. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £35. 

W00LL00M00L00 BAY {Co. Cumberland) is an important indentation on the 
S. side of port Jackson, running about a quarter of a mile into the land from Pott's 
point, its E. head, and three quarters of a mile inland from Lady Macquarie's point, 
its W. head. The two sides of the bay are rocky and- precipitous, the E. side being 
occupied by several boat builders, and also by the sheds of the boat clubs. On this 
side is also the Manly beach and Watson's bay steamer pier, 2 coal wharves, and an 
extensive steam saw mill (R. Nott's). The W. shore of the bay forms part of the E. 
side of the Outer Domain, and the Fig Tree, corporation, and private baths are there 
situated. The head of the bay, formerly a large mudbank, covered only at high 
water, has been recently reclaimed by the Goverament at considerable expense, 
and a fine substantial semicircular wooden wharf constructed from one side of the 
bay to the other. The land thus reclaimed will, there is no doubt, amply reimburse 
the government for the outlay on this spirited undertaking. The average depth of 
Woolloomooloo bay may be set down at about 3 fathoms, the depth being greater on 
the W. than on the E. side. Sandstone. 

WOOLLOOMOOLOO (Co. Cumberland) is an E. suburb of Sydney, lying within 
the city boundary, and in the hollow at the head of Woolloomooloo bay. It is princi- 
pally a place of residence. See Sydney. 

• ~ W00L0ND00L STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier,. McEvoy, James ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Hay. 
The old charges were £61 1 *s. 6d. ; the recently appraised rental is £237. 

WOOLONGOIJGH STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Dick, Thomas ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Charges, £34 7s. 6d. 

W00L0N0KA {Co. Cumberland) is a small hamlet, tying on the creek of the 
same name, and celebrated for the prettiness of its sceneiy, and the abundance and 
excellence of its oysters. It lies 5 miles S. of Kogarah. Sandstone. 

WOOLPAGEKAE STATION (Darling district) ; occupiers, Cunningham and 
Macredie ; area, 86,400 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

WOOLSHED (Co. Tovmsend), the original name of the township of Deniliquin. 

See Deniliquin. 

WOOLSHED CREEK (Co. Goulburn). See Thurgona Creek. 

W00LSHED CREEK {Co. Macjuarie) is a small N. tributary of the Manning 
river, falling into it near mount Khanghat. Sandstone and limestone. 

WOOL WAY STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Hamilton, Alexander ; 
area, 14,628 acres; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. Charges, £82 10s. 



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623 



WOOMARGAMA {Co. Goulburn) is a small Government village, in the parish of 
the same name, electoral district of the Hume, and police district of Albury. It 
lies on the Woomargama creek, and on the main road from Sydney to Albury, 22 miles 
N.N.E. of the latter place, and 9 miles S.W. of the township of Germantra ; the 
communication with both places, and with Sydney, being by mail coach. The popu- 
lation numbers about 25 persons, chiefly engaged in pastoral and agricultural pursuits. 
The soil is of a rich red, and well adapted for the growth of the vine, the cultivation 
of which is receiving considerable attention in the district. The geological formation 
is chiefly schistose, with granite on the upper part of the ranges. 

WOOMARGARMA (or Mountain) CREEK {Co. Goulburn) is a S. tributary of 
the Billabung creek, rising in mount Jergyle, and flowing N.W. about 20 miles. It 
passes through the township of the same name, where it crosses the main road and 
telegraph line from Albury to Sydney. It flows through rough and sometimes swampy 
pastoral country, and is fed by the Native Dog and Boundary creeks. There are 
several patches of good agricultural land on this creek. Schist, with outcropping 
granite and whinstone, and alluvial drift. 

WOOMARGAMA MOUNTAIN {Co. Goulburn) is a range of high schistose 
hills, lying to the S. and E. of the village of Woomargama. The Seven-mile and 
Mullanjandra creeks rise in these ranges. Granite and schist. 

WOOMBUP STATION {Albert district) ; occupiers, Henty and Sampson ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

W00NAMTJRRA STATION {Murrumbidgee district); occupier, Virgoe, W. R.; 
area, 9500 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

WOONONA, 34° 29' S. lat., 151° 4' E. long. (Co. Camden), is a postal township, 
in the parish of Northern Illawarra, electoral district of Illawarra, and police district 
of Wollongong. It lies on no particular river or creek ; it is situated between the 
Illawarra range and the sea, that range running nearly parallel to the sea, and rising 
abruptly to a height of 1300 feet. The difference beeween the climate here and that 
on the top of the range, only three-quarters of a mile distant, being very considerable, 
so much so, that oranges, bananas, Indian corn, &c. , flourish luxuriantly there, but 
apples, pears, and other English fruit, will scarcely grow at all ; whereas, on the top 
of the mountain they grow almost in perfection. There are no other mountains or 
lakes of any consequence in the neighbourhood. There is a steam saw mill in the 
district, which is noted for dairy farming, particularly, butter making. The principal 
business is, however, coal mining. There are 3 mines, 2 of which ship the coal at 
Bellambi, distant 2 miles ; and 1 at Bulli. The mountain abounds in coal and iron ; 
the coal seam now worked is 8 feet deep, and situate 800 feet above the level of the 
sea, so that the coal is let down the face of the mountain on shoots, and runs the 
greater portion of the way to the harbour by its own impetus. The coal shipped from 
1 mine alone, last year, was at the rate of 1600 tons per month. AVollongong is distant 
6 miles S. , the communication being by horse or dray, as is, also, that with Bellambi 
and Bulli. With Sydney, 54 miles N. , the communication is by steamer, or mail car 
from Wollongong. There is a school of arts in Woonona, in which Divine service is 
held 3 Sundays in the month, by the Congregational, Presbyterian, and Primitive metho- 
dists, alternately. A church of England Denominational school, in which there is 
service 1 Sunday in the month ; and a Roman catholic school, service being held 
occasionally ; also, a Wesleyan chapel, a post office, and a police station. The 
hotels are, the Woonona and the Bulli Royal. There are 2 carriers in Woonona, who 
convey goods to neighbouring places by dray and spring cart. The geological forma- 
tion is carboniferous; The only seam of coal at present worked is of superior quality, 
similar to some of the Welsh coal, and also to the Barnsley thick seam, in the South 
Yorkshire coal fields, and is well adapted for steam and smelting purposes. There 
are 5 other seams, some of which are supposed to be of very superior quality, but they 
are not yet thoroughly proved. They vary in thickness from 4 to 20 feet. There is 
1 very extensive bed of iron ore (argillaceous) cropping out along the mountain, from 
the boundaries of the counties of Camden and Cumberland to the Coal cliff, from 30 
to 50 feet in thickness, specimens of which have been assayed, varying from 32 to 38 
per cent, of metal. There are also other beds of spicular iron ore, extending through 
the whole of the district. The district of Illawarra, N. from the Wollongong muni- 
cipality to the Coal cliff at Bulli, has a population of about 3000 persons. 



624 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Woo — Woy 



WQGREBURGA COWELL BACK STATION ( Wellington district) • occupier, 
Brown, Joliu ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges 
£30. 

WQORE'S HILL (Co. Denison) is a lofty solitary mountain, lying on the N. 
bank of the Murray river, about 12 niilfts N.W. of Mulwala. Granite and metanior- 
phic slate. 

WOORQMUR LAKE (Co. Walcool). See Coomarooy Lakes. 

WG0R00MA STATION (Murrumbidyee district) ; occupier, M'Bean, Lachlan ; 
estimated area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 14,000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Moulamein. The old charges were £140 : the recently appraised rental is 
£275. 

WQQRQ0WG0LGAN STATION {Clarence district) ; occupiers, Griffiths and 
Fanning; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 head of cattle. Charges, 
£323 15s. 

WOORUMHE PLAIN STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, M'Gregor, Peter ; 
area, 125,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £40. 

WOYEO STATION {Lachlan district) • occupiers, O'Sullivan, D. and S. ; 
area, 40,960 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. Charges, £37 7s. 6d. 

WOORAITHAH STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Chapman, Wil- 
liam ; area, 24,320 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. Charges, £44. 

WORARO STATION (Albert district); occupier, MiUer, Hon. Henry; area, 
96,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

WGREND9 MOUNT {Co. Rous) is a peak of the Macpherson's range, lying on 
the boundary between New South Wales and Queensland, about 30 miles W. of 
point Danger. Sandstone. 

WORII^DI RIVULET (Co. Brisbane) is a a N. tributary of the Goulburn 
river. Sandstone and schist. 

W0R0MA STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Dickson, James ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31 5s. 

WORONBX MOUNT (Co. Bligh) is a high hill, situated on the N. bank of the 
Goulburn river, about 6 miles S. of Wickham. Carbonaceous sandstone. 

W0R0N0RA CREEK (Co. Cumberland) is a small stream, rising in the coast 
range, and flowing N. into Botany bay, near the estuary of George's river. Sand- 
stone. 

W0R00BQ0MI STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Joshua, F. J. ; area, 
15,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

WQRENGY {Co. Roxburgh) is a village reserve in the Capertee river, near the 
junction of the Umbiella creek, and on the road from Dabee and Rylstone to Bow- 
enfels, via the Capertee river. Sandstone. 

Vv'ORRXGAL CREEK {Co. Baridine, Liverpool plains district) is a small E. tri" 
butary of the Baradine creek, falling into that creek, at the township of Baradine, 
and draining rich flat pastoral country. Basalt, with deep black alluvial deposit. 

WOULEE CREEK STATION {Monaro district) ; occupier, Byrne, Charles J. ; 
area, 5120 acres ; grazing capability, uncertain. Charges, £35. 

WOYTCHAGGA, E., OUTWARD STATION {Albert district); occupier, 
Chad wick, Nicholas ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Perry. Charges, £30 5s. 

WOYTCHAGGA, E., STATION (Albert d'stnct) ; occupier, Chadwick, Nicho- 
las; area, 64,0U0 acres; grazing capability, 4C00 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Perry. Charges, £31. 

WOYTCHUGGA CREEK (Albert district) is a small W. tributary of the Dar- 
ling river. The geological formation is pliocene tertiary. 

WOYTCHUGGA STATION {Albert district) ; occupiers, Perry, Geo. M. and 
A. ; area, 96,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Perry. Charges, £30. 



Woy-~Wyn| The New South Wales Gazetteer. 625 



WOY-WOY BAY {Co. Northumbedand) is the W. arm of Brisbane Water. 
There is abundance of fine timber in the district, much of which is sent to the Sydney 
market. Ferruginous sandstone. 

WREN'S NEST CREEK (Co. Georgiana) is a small W. tributary of the 
Tuena creek, flowing in the scrubby country S.W. of Tuena gold fields. Metamor- 
phic slate and limestone. 

WEIGHT'S CREEK {Co. Brisbane) is a W. tributary of the Dart brook. 
Sandstone. 

WRIGHT'S CREEK {Co. Northumberland) is a small E. tributary of theMac- 
donald river, joining it near St. Albans. Sandstone. 

WUDYONG ( Co. Cumberland) is a point, lying to the 1ST. of Kiribili point, and 
forming the W. head of Careening cove and Neutral harbour. Sandstone. 

WULBON STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Adams, A. A. ; area, 59,520 
acres ; grazing capability, 1500 head of cattle. The old charges were £92 16s. 3d. ; 
the recently appraised rental is £195. 

WULBUNDUNGA STATION {Gwydir district) ; occupier, Strachan, Robert; 
area, 16,640. acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

WULLAK-WULLAS STATION ( Wellington district). See Guningbahole. 

WULLWYE MOUNT {Co. Wallace) is a peak in the low ranges lying to the E. 
of the Wullwye creek, near its fall into the Snowy river, and about 8 miles N. E. of 
Buckley's Crossing place. The surrounding country consists of beautiful bold undulating 
plain country, excellently adapted for grazing purposes. Lower silurian. 

WULLWYE RIVER {Co. Wallace) is a tributary of the upper part of the 
Snowy river, rising in the flats to the W. of the Eucumbene river, and flowing S. 
about 36 miles. It is fed by the Arable creek, and falls into the Snowy river, near 
Buckley's Crossing place. Granite and trap rock, with quartz-bearing slate. 

WUNAWUNTY STATION {Albert district) ; occupiers, King and Keep; area, 
102,400 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32 17s. 6d. 

WYABRAY STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Parnell, Thomas ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1280 head of cattle. The old charges were 
£80 ; the recently appraised rental is £90. 

WYANDAH STATION (Clarence district) ; occupiers, Griffiths and Fanning ; 
area, 40,960 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 head of cattle. Charges, £180 15s. 

WYANGUN STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Tooth, Robert ; area, 
40,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £12 10s. 

WYB0NG CREEK ( Co. Brisbane) is a N. tributary of the Goulburn river, fall- 
ing into it a few miles W. of Denman. It rises in the Liverpool range, and is fed at 
its upper end by the Guangra creek. Sandstone and shale. 

WYEE FLAT ( Co. Northumberland) is a tract of flat alluvial land, in the parish 
of Morrisset, lying at the S. end of lake Macquarie. Sandstone and alluvial drift. 

WYEMO STATION (Gwydir district) ; area, 28, 160 acres. The old charges were 
uncertain ; the recently appraised rental is £60. 

WYHARALLA {Co. Richmond). See Tuckii-Tuckii. 

WYLANDRA CREEK {Co. Gordon) is a S. tributary of the Macquarie river, 
falling into it about 6 miles S.E. of Dubbo. It is formed by the confluence of the 
Meadows, Wambangalong, and Bellowrie creeks, and is fed by the Hyandra creek. 
Metamorphic slate. 

WYLERIE BACK STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Parnell, Charles ; 
area, 16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

WYLERIE STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Parnell, Charles ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

WYLIE'S FLAT (Co. Northumberland) is a small agricultural settlement, 
situated near the township of Singleton. Sandstone and alluvial deposit. 

WYNBHAM {Co. Auckland) is a small agricultural settlement, situated on the 

q q 



626 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



[Wyn — Yah 



main Monaro road, about 15 miles W. of Panbula. It has 2 hotels, the Forest Oak 
and the Scottish Chieftain. The surrounding country consists chiefly of open forest 
land, on which a scattered population of small settlers are located. Sandstone and 
metamorphic slate. 

WYNYARD is a county in the pastoral district of Murmmbidgee. It con" 
tains 33,-815 acres of alienated land, and 910,183 acres unalienated. Its present 
boundaries, however, are open to modification. It is divided into the following 7 
parishes, viz. , E. parishes : South Gundagai, Tarrabandra, Minyang, Willie Ploma ; 
W. parishes : Umutbee, Gumly-Gumly, and Wagga-Wagga South. It is a fine agricul- 
tural and pastoral country, well watered by numerous streams. The chief town is 
Wagga -AYagga. 

WY0L0NG STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Phillips and Besnard ; 
area, 40,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

WY0L0NG UPPER No. 2 STATION {LacMan district) ; occupier, Thomson, 
E. A. ; area, 48,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

WYONG (Co. Northumherland) is a small agricultural settlement in the Brisbane 
water district, lying on the Wyong creek, and on the road from Gosford to Cooruni- 
bong. Sandstone. 

WYONGr CREEK (Co. Northumberland) is a fine stream, rising in mount War- 
rawolong, and flowing S.E. about 36 miles into the Tuggerah Beach lake. It is fed 
by the Terang and Jiniby-Jilliby creeks. Sandstone and shale. 

WYONG HILL (Co. Northumberland) is a high hill, lying on the N. bank of 
the Wyong creek near its fall into the Tuggerah Beach lake. A tract of low swampy 
ground lies to the N. of this hill, which is of ferruginous sandstone. 

WYONG PLACE (Co. Northumberland) is a large tract of swampy land, lying 
to the N. of Wyong hill, and caused by the overflow of the Wyong creek. In wet 
weather it forms a large shallow lagoon. Fluviatile deposit. 

YABTREE STATION (Murrumbidgee district); occupiers, Horsley andWhitaker ; 
area, 45,000 acres ; grazing capability, 12,000 sheep. The nearest post town is Tar- 
catta. The old charges were £120 ; the recently appraised rental is £150. 

YACAABA (or North) HEAD ( Co. Gloucester) is the N. head of the entrance 
to port Stephens. It is a peaked hill, 810 feet in height with a steep and precipitous 
descent to the sea on all sides except at its junction with the main land, to which it 
is connected by a very narrow and low strip of sand clothed with shrubs. On the 
entrance side, the head is fronted by some outlying rocks which are always visible, 
and of which the outermost is of sufficiently bold approach, there being 4 fathoms 
within a quarter of a cabkrs length of it. Sandstone. 

YACC0 PIC (Co. Gordon) is a lofty hill, lying on the Rocky ponds at the head 
of the Little river, about 30 miles S. of Obley. Granite and schist. 

YACLAMA STATION (Monaro district) ; occupiers, Manning, Sir W. M., and 
Mort, Thomas S. ; area, 5600 acres ; grazing capability, 200 head of cattle. Charges, 
£10. 

YADDEM STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, uncertain ; estimated area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, uncertain. The old charges were £40; the recently 
appraised rental is £83 15s. 

YADDRA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Moulder, Joseph ; area, 
16,000 acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The old charges were £40; 
the recently appraised rental is £83 15s. 

YAGGABA STATION [Qwydir district) ; occupier, Hoskinson, John ; area, 
76,800 acres ; grazing capability, 1800 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Moree. The old charges were £192 ; the recently appraised rental is £95. 

YAGGABI STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Andrew, Blake ; area, 38,400 
acres ; grazing capability, 9000 sheep. The nearest post town is Moree. The old 
charges were £80 18s. 9d. ; the recently appraised rental is £85. 

YAHPA (Co. Gloucester) is a small agricultural settlement, hying on the Manning 
river near Wingham. 



Yal] 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



627 



YALCOGKRIN STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Lowe, C. B.; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, uncertain. The old charges were £40 ; the recently ap- 
praised rental is £50. 

YALCOGRXN STATION" (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Laidlaw, Thomas ; area, 
25,800 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

YALERMAN STATION {Liverpool plains district). See Boobala. 

YALG0G0RING MOUNT (Co. Cooper) is a solitary hiU, lying on the vast plain 
between the Lachlan and Murrumbidgee rivers. Granite. 

YALGOGERING, N., STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Besnard and 
Hayes ; area, 34,000 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

YALLINDERIE STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Kerr, Andrew ; 
area, 19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £40 ; the 
recently appraised rental is £90. 

YALL0CK STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, M'Connell, James ; area, 
249,600 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Condobolin. 
Charges, £30. 

YALL0CK BLOCK (A) STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Lang and Brown; 
area, 64, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Condo- 
bolin. Charges, £20. 

YALL0CK BLOCK (C) STATION (Lachlan district) • occupier, Glass, Hugh ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Condo- 
bolin. Charges, £37 12s. 6d. 

YALLQCK, N. , STATION Lachlan district) ; occupier, Lang, Gideon Scott ; 
area, 44,800 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Condo- 
bolin. Charges, £30 lis. 8d. 

YALL0CK, N., BLOCK (B) STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Lang, 
Gideon Scott ; area, 50,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Condobolin. Charges, £30 lis. 8d. 

YALL0CK BLOCK (D) STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Glass, Hugh ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Condo- 
bolin. Charges, £37 12s. 6d. 

YALL0CK, N., No. 2 BLOCK (A) STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, 
Lang, Gideon Scott ; area, 50,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Condobolin. Charges, £30 lis. 8d. 

YALL0CK, N., No. 2 BLOCK (B) STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, 
Lang and Brown ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Condobolin. Charges, £20. 

YALL0CK, W. STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Lang, Gideon Scott ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Condo- 
bolin. Charges, £30 lis. 8d. 

YALLAR0I STATION (Gicydir district) • occupier, Dangar, Henry ; area, 
49,920 acres ; grazing [capability, 1440 head of cattle. The old charges were £90 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £275. 

YALTOLKA OUTER STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Pile, James ; 
area, 140, 800 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. 
Charges, £20 10s. 

YALTOLKA, OUT SOUTHERN, STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, 
Pile, James ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Perry. Charges, £30 10s. 

YALTOLKA STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Pile, James ; area 49,280 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. Charges, 
£135. 

YALWAL CREEK (Co. St. Vincent) is a fine large stream, rising by many 
heads in the broken and occasionally auriferous country between Narriga and Tian- 
jara, and flowing N. into the Shoalhaven river, about 20 miles W. of Nowra. It is fed 



628 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



[Yam — Yan 



by the EUrema creek. The geological formation of the district is chiefly of rocks 
oi' the carboniferous formation, overlying porphyries, the more recent igneous rocks 
having, in many places, broken through the upper formation. There is much granite, 
which is coarse pale pinkish rock of loose texture, and having little or no horn- 
blende, with a small amount of mica, and bi-hexahedral crystals of quartz. In the 
year 1S49 a lode of argentiferous galena was found on this creek, the result gave a 
very high per centage of silver, but the analyst did not consider it likely to be pay- 
able. Gold and platina have also been found in the bed of this creek. 

YAMBA HEAD (Co. Clarence). See Clarence River Heads. 

YAMBA YAMBA STATION" ( Wellington district) ■ occupier, O'Mullen, Bernard; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

YAMBERA STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Hall, Charles ; area, 16,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £40. 

YAMB0QR STATION (Warreuo district); occupier, Thorald, E. H.; area, 
10,4S0 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 5s. 

YAMBY RUN BLOCK, No. 1 STATION ( Warrego district ; occupier, Lord, 
G. W.; area, 14,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 5s. 

YAMBY, W., STATION ( Warrego district); occupier, Lord, G. W.; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 5s. 

YAMINGINBAH STATION [Liverpool jylains district) ; occupiers, Orr, James 
and Ebenezer ; estimated area, 19,200 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old 
charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £65. 

YAMMA STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, De Sailly and Francis ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Forbes. 
Charges, £30 15s. 

YAMMA BACK STATION {Wellington district); occupier, unknown ; estimated 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest town is Forbes. The 
old charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £70. 

YAMMA STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Cropper, Charles ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Forbes. 
Charges, £50. 

YAMMIM MOUNT {Co. Wellmyton) is apeak on the S. bank of the Cudgegong 
river, in the rugged country N". of the Merinda gold field. Trap rock. 

YANC0RRINNA CREEK, N., STATION {Albert district); occupier, Manton 
Charles ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

YANC0RRINNA CREEK, S., STATION {Albert district) ; occupier, Manton, 
Charles; area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

YANC0EEXKA GLEN CREEK {Albert district) is a stream rising in the Barrier- 
range, and ho wing in an E. direction. 

YANDYGAITULLA CREEK (Co. Hurray) is a tributary of the upper portion 
of the Molonglo river, flowing W. from the "W. slope of the Australian Alps, across 
the S.E. part of the Molonglo plains. 

YANGQ CREEK {Co. Northumberland) is a small W. tributary of the Wol- 
lombi brook. Sandstone. 

YANKERBGGN STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, Peate and Reid 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31. 

YANKO (Co. Mitchell). See Gillenbah. 

YANK0 (or Cudgel) CREEK (Murrumbidgee district) is a watercourse, dhading 
the counties of Boyd and Mitchell, and flowing through the county of Urana. It has 
a course of about 80 miles, through flat, swampy, and moderately good pastoral land, 
and connects the Murrumbidgee river with the Billabung creek, of which latter it may 
be called a N. branch. It leaves the Murrumbidgee river at the village of Yanko, 
near Narrandera township, and flows S.W. through the village of Cudgel into the 
Billabung creek at Conargo. The Colombo creek takes of a portion off its water at its 



Yan — Yah] The Xew South Wales Gazetteer. 



629 



upper end The lower end of the Yanko creek has also received the name of the 
Coates river. Granite and tertiary deposit. 

YANKO STATION" (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, De Sailly and Francis ; area, 
32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. 

YANKO STATION" (Lachlan district); occupier, Peter, John; area, 102.400 
acres ; grazing capapility, 12S0 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Narrandera. 
The old charges were £S0 ; the recently appraised rental is £225. 

YANKO BLOCK (A) STATION (Murrumbidgee district]; occupiers, Wren and 
De Sailly ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Narrandera. Old charges, £32 10s. ; new appraisement, £152 7s. 

YANKO BLOCK (B) STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Wilson, 
C. and S. John ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £23 12s. ; the 
recently appraised rental is £159 7s. 6cL 

YANKO BLOCK (C) STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Wilson, C. 
and S. John ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges 
were £2S 6s. ; the recently appraised rental is £125. 

YANKO (D] STATION [Murrumbidgee district); occupiers, "Wilson, John C. 
and S. ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Narrandera. Charges, £28 8s. 

YANKO BLOCK (E) STATION [Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Mate, F. 
H. ; area, 32, 000 acres ; gra zin g capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £44 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £100. 

YANKO, E., PART OF B. E. AT F. STATION^ {Murrumbidgee district); 
occupiers, Campbell and Wildash ; area, 29,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. 
The nearest post town is N~arrandera. Charges, £34. 

YANKO BLOCK (G) STATION [Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, De Sailly, 
F. W. and G. P. ; area, 33,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Narrandera. Charges, £35. 

YANKO BLOCK (H) STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, De Sailly, 
F. W. and G. P. ; area, 24,500 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. The nearest 
post town is Xarrandera. Charges, £26 10s. 

YANKO, W., PART of B. E. at F. STATION [Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, 
Peter, John; area, 30,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Narrandera. Charges, £51. 

YANKO STATION (Murrumbidgee district): occupiers, Jenkins. John and 
Francis ; area, 57,600 acres ; grazing capability, 1200 head, of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Narrandera. Old charges, £35 ; new appraisement, £220. 

YANKO No. 2 STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Wilson, John 
C. and S. ; area, 118,400 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Narrandera. The old charges were £90 ; the recentlv appraised rental is 
£220 10s. 

YANTAEALLA STATION Darling district > occupiers, Trust and Agency 
company ; area, 51,200 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town 
is Wentworth. Charges, £52. 

YANTARA STATION* (Albert district) ; occupiers, Clarke, Far Ci uharson, and 
Co. ; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £31. 

YA0UK BILL'S PEAK (Co. Cowley) is a high peak of the S. part of the Mur- 
rumbidgee range, lying about 12 miles N. of Bolairo. Metamorphic slate. 

YA0TJK CKEEK (Co. Cowley) is a small tributary creek to the head of the 
Murrumbidgee river, rising in the broken country between Gudjenby hill and mount 
Murray, and flowing S.W. about S miles past Yaouk Bill's peak. There is a branch 
creek unnamed, rising in mount Murray, and flowing into it near its mouth. This 
creek flows through rugged, but rich country. Metamorphic slate. 

YAEA BLOCK (B) STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Filson, John ; area, 
5S,030 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Con- 
dobolin. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 



630 The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Yar 



YAEA STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Boyd, William; area, 64,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Condobolin. 
Charges, £30. 

YARAWA (or Yarrowa) STATION {Givydir district) is a station, and the 
post office for the district. It is occupied by the Messrs. Bucknell, and is situated on 
the Boomi creek, an Ana branch of the Barwon. The Barwon, or Upper Darling, is 6 
miles distant ; Moree is 60 miles distant S.E. ; and Walgett is 100 miles S.W. The 
means of communication are by horse or private conveyance, and with Sydney, 486 
miles S.E., by horse to Tamworth, and thence by coach, rail, and steamer. The 
nearest hotel is the Mungendie on the Barwon, 6 miles distant. The neighbourhood 
is level salt bush country, the nearest hill being 80 miles distant ; there is good 
alluvial soil generally, with sandy ridges at intervals. In sinking wells, saltwater is 
nearly always got at a depth of about 100 feet. This country is liable to devastating 
floods. Last year nine-tenths of the whole district was under water ; many thousand 
sheep were destroyed. The droughts with which it is also frequently visited are even 
more destructive. 

YAEAWA, BACK BLOCK STATION [Gwydir district); occupiers, Bucknell, 
C. W., A. W., and E. N. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. 
The nearest'post town is Moree. Charges, £35. 

YARBALLA, W., STATION (Barling district); occupier, Eicketson, Henry ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

YARDOWINBIBJA CREEK {Albert district) is a small creek, rising in the 
Monolon mountains, and flowing into the swamps lying to the E. Pliocene tertiary. 

YAREE (or Yadchon) STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Ferguson, 
Donald ; estimated area, 24, 600 acres ; grazing capability, 320 head of cattle. The 
nearest post town is Moulamein. The old charges were £25 ; the recently appraised 
rental is £35. 

YARENAXGH CREEK {Co. Wellington) is a smaU auriferous W. tributary of 
the Molong river. Sandstone, shale, and limestone. 

YARGAI ISLAND {Co. Clarence). See Hardwood Islands. 

YARXGAHD STATION {Bligh district) occupier, Cheetham, J. L. ; area, 
16,000 acres; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Old charges, £15 10s. ; new appraisement, 
£20. 

YARIMBA CREEK (Co. Baradine, Liverpool plains district) is the W. head or 
tributary of the Brigalow creek. It rises in the Warabungle range (the Arbuthnot ranges 
of Oxley, 1818), near Coonabarabran, and flows N. about 50 miles, to its junction with 
the Borah creek, through a fertile plain, with excellent grass and occasional patches of 
open box forest and brigalow scrub. The geological formation is basalt, with swampy 
alluvial deposit. 

YARRABANDXNE STATION {Macleay district) ; vacant ; area, 23,040 acres ; 
grazing capability, 600 head of cattle. Charges, £18. 

YARRABEEN STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Peter, John ; 
area, 30, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. The nearest post town is Nar- 
randera. Old charges, £50 ; new appraisement, £262. 

YARRABUNDI STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Forlonge, "William ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post town is 
Condobolin. Charges, £32. 

3 r ARRAGRXN STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Walker, Mrs. Robina R, ; 
estimated area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The old charges 
were £60 ; the recently appraised rental is £60. 

YARRAHAPINNI MOUNT (Co. Dudley) is a solitary hill on the sea 
coast, about 4 miles N.W. of Trial bay, at the mouth of the Macleay river. Sand- 
stone "and limestone. ( 

YARRAL0ME0RNI STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupiers, Christie and 
Wentworth ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £42 16s. 3d. ; the recently appraised rental is £75. 



YarJ 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



631 



YARRALOW CREEK (Co. Argyle) is a fine stream, rising in the E. part of 
the Goulburn plains, and flowing in an E. direction into the Merrimungo creek, about 
12 miles S.E. of Bungonia. Limestone, abounding in calcareous spar. 

YARRALDOOL STATION [Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Richards, Ben- 
jamin ; estimated area, 32,000 acres; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £50 ; the recently appraised rental is £225. 

YARRAM0N STATION [Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Fitzgerald, 
Robert ; area, 71,680 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The old charges were 
£60 ; the recently appraised rental is £276 16s. 

YAREA MUNDA (or Yellow Mundy) (Co. Cool) is a postal village, in the 
electoral district of the Nepean, and police district of Penrith, situated on the 
Hawkesbury river, about 2 miles S.W. of Richmond. Sandstone and alluvial drift. 

YARRANUNG MOUNT (Co. Phillij)) is a peak in a N. spur of the Blue moun- 
tain range, lying about 2 miles to the E. of the township of Barigan. Ferruginous 
sandstone. 

YARRANBAH, N. , STATION {Warrego district) ; occupier, Hill, Frederick M.; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £31. 

YARRANBAR STATION (Liverpool plains district) ; occupier, Brown, John; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 10s. 

YARRAN CREEK ( Co. Wahool) is a small watercourse, connecting the Edward 
river with the Neimur creek. Pliocene tertiary. 

YARRANDIDGEN STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Martel, Florent; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £60. 

YARRANGAL, W., STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, M'Kenzie, Colin; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

YARRANGOBILLY (Co. Sehcyn) is an agricultural village, lying on the Yar- 
rangobilly creek, 22 miles S. of Tumut. 

YARRANGOBILLY CREEK ( Co. Bucdeugh) is a stream rising in the N. of 
the Snowy, or Bald mountains, near the village of Yarrangobilly, and flowing S.S.W. 
through a rugged country, about 18 miles, into the upper part of the Tumut river, at 
Lob's hole. At the upper end of the creek is some good agricultural land, divided off 
into small farms. Granite and trap rock. 

YARRANGOBILLY, N., STATION {Murrumbidgee district) • occupier, Man- 
delson, Lavi ; area, 38, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 5000 sheep. The nearest post 
town is Tumut. Charges, £16. 

YARRANGOBILLY STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupier, Adams, 
George ; area, 38,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. The nearest post 
town is Tumut. Old charges, £41 lis. ; new appraisement, £40. 

YARRARA CREEK ( Co. Goulburn). See Marara Creek. 

YARRARA STATION {Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Robinson and Arm- 
strong ; estimated area, 15,292 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. The 
nearest post town is Billabung. The old charges were £33 8s. 9d. ; the recently ap- 
praised rental is £26. 

YARRA STATION (Monaro district) ; occupiers, Ryan and Conlan ; area, 
8640 acres ; grazing capability, 550 head of cattle. Charges, £56 2s. 6d. 

YARRA WAH BRUSH (Co. Camden) is a large tract of fine agricultural 
land, comprising the parishes of Burrawang, Tarrunga, Yarra Wah, and Kangaloon. 
It is a well watered, thickly scrubbed, and heavily timbered table land, being situated 
on the W. slope of the range dividing the Illawarra district from that of Berrima and 
Sutton Forest. This tract of country, though known for some time, was not occupied 
to any extent until after the passing of Mr. Robertson's Land Act, when above 30,000 
acres were taken up within 12 months. The geological formation is principally trap- 
pean, with patches of freestone and sandstone. The soil is very rich, with tracts of 
barren land, interspersed here and there. 

YARRAWELL STATION (Bligli district) • occupier, Peberdy, William ; 



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estimated area, 17,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 head of cattle. The old 
charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is i?80. 

YARRAWELL STATION {Macleay district) ; occupier, Ferrier, John ; area, 
14,300 acres ; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. Charges, £11. 

YARRAWXTCH, E., STATION (New England district) ■ occupiers, executors 
of G. K. Ingelow, ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. Charges, £80. 

YARRAV/ITCH STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Dangar, Henry ; 
area, 51,200 acres; grazing capability, 2500 head of cattle. Old charges, £154 13s. 
9d. ; new appraisement, £208 lis. 9d. 

YARRAWXTCH, W., STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Ingelow, 
Geo. K. ; area, 30,400 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle and 4000 sheep. 
Charges, £80. 

YARRA-YARRA CREEK (Co. Goulburn) is a small S. tributary of the Bil- 
labung creek, rising in the scrubby country to the N. E. of mount Jergyle, and flow- 
ing N. , about 14 miles, into the main stream at the township of Billabung, where it 
is crossed by the main road and telegraph line from Albury to Sydney. The country 
through which it flows is pastoral, and but little known. The geological formation is 
mica schist, with outcropping granite and whinstone. 

YARRA-YARRA STATION (Murrumbidgee district) • occupier, unknown ; 
area and grazing capability, uncertain. The nearest post town is Billabung. The 
old charges were £160 ; the recently appraised rental is £157 10s. 

YARREN-YARREN CREEK (Co. Wynyard) is a fine stream, rising in the 
N. of Mane's range, and flowing N. , about 35 miles, into the Murrumbidgee river, 
through good undulating and occasionally swampy pastoral country. It is fed by the 
Black spring and Darlow's creeks. Granite and slate. 

YARREWAH STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupiers, BuckneU,FC. W., A. W., 
and F. N. ; area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1120 head of cattle. The nearest 
post town is Moree. The old charges were £70 ; the recently appraised rental is £90. 

YARRXGrTJAN (Co. Leichhardt) is a peak of the Warrabungle range, lying at the 
head of the Baradine creek, and about 7 miles N.W. of Coonabarabran. Granite and 
schist. 

YARRXMANBAH CREEK (Co. BucHand) is an E. tributary of the Conadilly 
river, rising in mount Palmer, and flowing N. through the Australian Agricultural 
company's grant of 249,600 acres of pastoral land. It is fed by Taylor's creek. 
Upper and middle pakeozoic. 

YARRIMAN STATION" (Bligh district) ; occupier, Brown, Andrew ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £80. 

YARRXMGA CREEK ( Co. Camden) is a tributary of the Kangaroo river, rising 
in a S. branch of the Wingecarribbee swamp, and flowing S.W. about 20 miles. Sand- 
stone and trap rock. 

YARRXNGrARRY STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Barnes, Joseph ; 
area, 18,000 acres ; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

YARRABXL (or Sandy) CREEK (Co. Bligh) is a small N. tributary of the 
Cudgegong river. Metamorphic slate. 

YARROW A (Gwydir district). See Yarawa. 

YARROW AL BACK RUN, STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Mayne, 
William C. ; area, 208,640 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges 
were £94 10s. ; the recently appraised rental is £234. 

YARR0WAL STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Mayne, William C. ; area, 
22,400 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The old charges were £120 10s. ; the 
recently appraised rental is £625. 

YARROW CREEK (Co. Murray), a small tributary of the Molonglo river, rising 
in Yarrow peak, and flowing 10 miles N. in the Molonglo plains. Limestone and 

YARROW CREEK STATION" (Bligh district) ; occupier, Blakemore, John ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 



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YARROW CREEK STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Dickson, 
James; area, 64,000 acres; grazing capability, 20,000 sheep. The old charges were 
£81 ; the recently appraised rental is £200. 

YARR0WF0RD STATION (New England district) ; occupier, Bloxsome, Os- 
wald ; area, 80,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The old charges were £60 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £72 10s. 

YARR0WICK MOUNT (Co. Hardinge) is a lofty peak of the New England 
range, on the N. bank of the Rocky river, and on the road from Armidale to Bingara, 
about 16 miles W.N. W. of the former place. Hornblendic granite. 

YARR0WITCH CREEK (Co. Vernon) is a smaU S. tributary of the Apsley 
river. Sandstone and slate. 

YARROW PEAK {Co. Murray) is a high solitary peak, lying to the S.W. of 
the Molonglo plains, and between the Molonglo and Queanbeyan rivers. Granite and 
limestone. 

YARROW RIVER (Co. Gough) is a S. tributary of the Mitchell river. Sand- 
stone. 

YARROW STATION {Bligh district) ; occupier, Richardson, M. ; area, 16,000 
-acres; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle . Charges, £35. 

YARTALLA STATION {Albert district) ■ occupier, Brown, C. D. ; area, 64,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. Charges, 
£161 lis. 6d. 

YARTLA STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, M 'Lean, William; area, 44,800 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Perry. Charges, 
£131 5s. 

YASS, 34° 51' S. lat., 148° 57' E. long. {Co. King), is a postal township, in the 
electoral district of Yass plains, and police district of Yass. It is situated on the N. and S. 
banks of the river of the same name, the Murrumbidgee flowing about 10 miles distant 
S. There are 2 steam flour mills and 2 tanneries in the township, which lies in an 
agricultural and pastoral district. No mining, as yet, has been carried on, although 
the district has been proved to be rich in copper, lead, and iron. The nearest town- 
ships are Boorowa, distant 32 miles N.W. ; Gunning, 24 miles N.E. ; and Bowning, 9 
miles N. W. Yass being on the main Southern road from Sydney to Albury, there is 
communication with the former, 180 miles N. E. , by mail coach to Picton, and thence by 
rail, and with the latter by coach. Mail coaches also run from here to Young, by way 
of Boorowa, and also by way of Binalong and Murrumburrah. Yass has branches of 
the Oriental, City, Australian Joint Stock, and Commercial banks, and of the Colonial, 
United, Sydney, Northern, Liverpool and London and Globe, and Australian Mutual 
Provident insurance companies. It has a newspaper, the Yass Courier, a Masonic lodge 
(lodge Concord, No. 980 E. C), and an Odd Fellows' lodge (Prince of Wales lodge, 
No. 4691). There is an hospital, a mechanics' institute, a post and money order office, 
telegraph station, and court house. The hotels are the Commercial, Royal, Yass, 
Globe, and several public houses. There are several fine public buildings and places 
of business in the township. There is a booking office at Coil's Commercial hotel for 
Cobb and Co. ; and for the Albury and Young coach, at Hilly's (the Globe hotel) ; and 
for Fox's express vans at Woodman's Salutation inn. Yass is on the W. edge of a 
long series of gently undulated plains, or downs, but beyond these the country is ex- 
ceedingly mountainous. The town is built at the W. extremity of the Yass plains, and 
on the E. bank of the Yass river, the course of which at this place is nearly from N. 
to S. It is sheltered on 3 sides by heavy ranges, the round bold elevation of mount 
Bowning being particularly remarkable. Yass may be said to consist of 1 main street, 
broad and capacious, although there are many others rumiing parallel to and at right 
angles with it. All round the township there are large tracts of fine agricultural land, 
most of which have been taken up by free selectors ; the immediate vicinity of the town 
is, however, taken up on every side by alienated lands, the large estates of Mr. O'Brien 
and Mr. Hume nearly completely enclosing it. Many of the settlers in the district 
have recently turned their attention to the cultivation of tobacco, the richness of the 
soil, the mildness of the climate, the [early springs, and the late period at which the 
spring sets in, being all favourable to this species of cultivation. The population numbers 
about 1200 persons. The geological formation is limestone and metamorphic slate. 



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The quantity of gold received by escort from the gold fields round Yass during the 
year 1864 was 116 ozs., which, at £3 16s. 5d. per oz., was of the total value of £446 
3s. lid. 

Yass is a police district, embracing a S. portion of the county of King, a N. 
portion of the county of Murray, and portions of the pastoral districts of Murrum- 
bidgee and Lachlan ; and bounded on part of the W. by the range forming the E. 
watershed of J eremiah creek, commencing at the confluence of that creek with the 
Murrumbidgee river, until it joins the range between the Goodradigbee and Tumut 
rivers, and by that range to the point where the spur branches from it, which termi- 
nates on the Goodradigbee, exactly opposite the confluence of Flea creek ; on the S. 
by that spur to the Goodradigbee river, thence by the leading range between Flea 
creek and the waters falling into the Goodradigbee, above that creek, until that range 
joins the dividing range between the Goodradigbee and Cotter rivers ; on the E. by 
that range 1ST. , until it reaches the sources of Cavan mountain creek, thence by the di- 
viding range between Cavan mountain creek and the Murrumbidgee, until the spur range 
branches, which terminates on the Murrumbidgee, about half a mile below Yeumbera 
house (and which forms the boundary between the Cavan and Yeumbera runs), by 
that spur to the Murrumbidgee, and by the Murrumbidgee, upwards, to a point due 
W. of One-tree hill ; thence on the S. by a direct line to that hill, thence by a range 
N. about 3 miles, thence by a line, N. E. , to the confluence of Gundaroo creek with 
the Yass river, and by that creek to its source at the foot of the Cullarin range ; 
again on the E. by that range and the Great Dividing range to the source of the 
Crookwell river ; thence on the N. by that river to the Lachlan river ; thence again 
on the W. by the Lachlan, upwards, to the confluence of Old Man creek, at Wallah- 
Wallah, thence by that creek to its head in the range dividing the waters of the 
Boorowa and Lachlan rivers, and thence by that range S. ; again on the N. by the S. 
watershed of Pudman creek, and the range dividing the waters of Kangearoo and 
Laing's creeks, to a point on the Boorowa river, 1 mile below the N.W. corner of N. 
B. Besnard's 326 acres ; thence on the remainder of the W. by the Boorowa river, 
upwards, to the confluence of HassaU's creek, thence by Hassall's creek to its source 
in the range dividing the waters of the Yass river and Jugiong creek, thence by that 
range S. to the point where the spur branches which terminates on the Murrumbidgee 
at the confluence of the Yass river, by that spur to the said confluence, and thence by 
the Murrumbidgee river, downwards, to the confluence of Jeremiah creek, aforesaid. 
The places of petty sessions are Yass and Gunning. 

YASS PLAINS {Cos. Murray and King) is the name given to a fine tract of un- 
dulating pastoral land, lying on the E. and S. of the Yass river, and to the S. of the 
township of Yass. They are well grassed and watered, and afford excellent grazing 
for cattle. These plains are lightly timbered, but are surrounded on all sides by 
dense forest of gum and iron and stringy bark. They were discovered in 1828 by 
Messrs. Hovell and Hume, and are about 10 miles long by 6 in breadth. They con- 
sist of long swelling undulations of the ground, amounting, in some places, to what 
may almost be termed hills. The plain is bounded on three sides by lofty mountains, 
whose descending ridges are clothed with timber, and which push out a belt of 
trees here and there into the otherwise untimbered area of the plains. On the S. side 
the plain stretches out to its greatest extent, and is only limited by the ranges which 
mark the course of the Murrumbidgee. The town of Yass stands at the W. extremity 
of the plains. Granite and slate. The N. bank of the Murrumbidgee, toward and 
including these plains, is very rich in mineral and metals. Native lead (galena) has 
been frequently picked up upon the hills and upon the open plains, whilst quartz 
reefs, thickly impregnated with lead, or having veins of the metal running through 
them, are frequently met with. 

Yass plains electoral district embraces a S. portion of the county of King, a N~. 
portion of the county of Murray, and portions of the pastoral districts of Murrum- 
bidgee and Lachlan ; and is bounded on part of the W. by the range forming the 
E. watershed of J eremiah creek, commencing at the confluence of that creek with 
the Murrumbidgee river, until it joins the range between the Goodradigbee and 
Tumut rivers, and by that range to the point where the spur branches from it, which 
terminates on the Goodradigbee, exactly opposite the confluence of Flea creek ; on 
the S. by that spur to the Goodradigbee river, thence by the leading range between 
Flea creek and the waters falling into the Goodradigbee, above that creek, until that 
range joins the dividing range between the Goodradigbee and Cotter rivers ; on the 



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E. by that range northerly, until it reaches the sources of Cavan Mountain creek, 
thence by the dividing range between Cavan Mountain creek and the Murrumbidgee, 
until the spur range branches, which terminates on the Murrumbidgee, about half a 
mile below Yeumbera House (and which forms the boundary between the Cavan and 
Yeumbera runs), by that spur to the Murrumbidgee, and by the Murrumbidgee, up- 
wards, to a point due W. of One-tree hill ; thence on the S. by a direct line to that 
hill, thence by a range northerly about 3 miles, thence by a line, north-easterly, to 
the confluence of Gundaroo creek with the Yass river, and by that creek to its source 
at the foot of the Cullarin range ; again on the E. by that range, and the Great 
Dividing range to the source of Crookwell river ; thence on the N. by that river to 
the Lachlan river ; thence again on the W. by the Lachlan, upwards, to the conflu- 
ence of Old Man creek, at Wallah-Wallah, thence by that creek to its head in the 
range dividing the waters of the Boorowa and Lachlan rivers, and thence by that range 
southerly ; again on the N. by the S. watershed of Pudman's creek, and the range 
dividing the waters of Kiangaroo and Laing's creeks, to a point on the Boorowa river, 
1 mile below the N. W. corner of N. R. Besnard's 326 acres ; thence on the remainder 
of the W. by the Boorowa river, upwards, to the confluence of Hassall's creek, then 
by Hassall's creek to its source in the rarige dividing the waters of the Yass river and 
Jugiong creek, then by that range, southerly, to the point where the spur branches 
which terminates on the Murrumbidgee, at the confluence of the Yass river, by that 
spur to the said confluence, and thence by the Murrumbidgee river, downwards, to 
the confluence of Jeremiah creek, aforesaid. This electorate comprises the districts 
of Yass, Limestone creek, Morrumbateman, Grabben-Gullen, and Gunning, and returns 
1 member to the Legislative Assembly, the present representative being R. M . Isaacs, 
Esq. The number of registered electors in this district is 1218, of whom 676 voted at 
the last general election, 1865-65. 

YASS ELVER, (Cos. Harden, King, Murray) is a large and important stream, 
which rises in the rugged country E. of moxint Ainslie, in the IS", of the Molonglo 
plains, about 7 miles N.W. of Bungendore. The upper part of the river is in the 
N.E. of the county of Murray, and after flowing about 18 miles N. in that county, it 
passes through the township of Gundaroo, and turns off to the jST.W., in the county 
of King. From Gundaroo to Yass, which latter town it also passes through, it flows 
over a tortuous N.W. course of about 40 miles, and then turns off to the S.W., 
forming the boundary between the counties Harden and Murray, for about 18 miles, 
through the fertile Yass plains. It is fed in its course by the following streams, viz., 
M'Laughlan's, Shinglehouse, Gundaroo, Nelsonglade, Five-mile, Morumbateman, 
Manton's, Bango, Derringellan, and Bowning creeks. On the banks of the river, 
about 9 miles S. from Yass, and 2 miles from its junction with the Murrumbidgee, 
the existence of a lode of copper was proved some years back. 'Captain M'Cullum. 
discovered an outcrop of red oxide of copper on his purchased land, but in the wild 
rush of the gold producing days, the discovery was made light of. Lately, however, 
Messrs. Manton and Lamb, the proprietors of the Currawong mine, have taken a lease 
of a plot of Government land, on the 1ST. bank of the river, under the clause for work- 
ing mineral lands, and have put a drive into the side of the steep hill that bounds the 
stream. They have opened up a lode of black ore, running nearly horizontally into 
the hill, and encased in a thick vein of red oxide. The vein is very extensive, and 
may be traced in the bare rocks for several hundred yards. About three-quarters of 
a mile from this spot, on the opposite side of the river, a valuable and extensive lode 
of black ore, with grey and red oxides overlying it, has been reached at a depth of 18 
feet. Nickel has also been found. The Yass river, flowing into the Murrumbidgee, 
it may naturally be expected that the cod of the W. waters are found in it, and some 
very good fish of the species are caught in some of the deeper holes of the stream. 
The platypus is also found in large numbers on its banks. The geological formation 
of the bed of the stream is chiefly limestone and metamorphic slate, with occasional 
dykes of granite and trap rock. 

YATHONG STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupiers, De Sailly and Francis ; 
area, 56,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30 10s. 

YATHONGr STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Bear and M'Mahon ; 
area, 12,960 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 head of cattle and sheep. The old 
charges were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £64 16s. 

YATHONGr S., STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Rollins and 



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Murckinson ; area, 25,000 acres ; grazing capability, 8000 sheep. The old charges 
were £40 ; the recently appraised rental is £114 5s. 6d. 

YAVEN GAP (Co. Wynyard) is a passage between two hills, lying 1ST. of the 
Yaven-Yaven reserve, through which the Yaven-Yaven creek flows in aN. direction. 
Metainorphic slate and granite. 

YAVEN-YAVEN CREEK (Co. Wynyard) is a smaU tributary of the Nacka- 
Nacka creek, flowing N. through the village of Yaven. T. Griffiths has a section of 
land on this creek, some of which is under cultivation. Granite, slate, and schist. 

YELKEER STATION [Darling district) • occupier, Tyson, Peter ; area, 64,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Booligal. Charges, 
£30 5s. 

YELLOW BANK CREEK (Co. Fitzroy. See Cloud's Creek. 
YELLOW CLAY CREEK {Co. Buccleugh) is a tributary of the Oak creek, rising 
in the S. slope of Crowpal hill. Slate and trap rock. 

YELLOWIN STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, James and John 
Wilkinson ; estimated area, 17,000 acres ; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. The 
old charges were £28 15s. ; the recently appraised rental is £30. 

YELLOW JACKET CREEK {Co. Gough) is a small S. tributary of the Mitchell 
river. Sandstone. 

YELLOW MUNDY (Co. Cook). See Yarra Munda. 

YELLOW ROCK MOUNT ( Co. Northumberland) is a high rocky hill, in the 
Hunter range of mountains, lying about 4 miles S. E. of the township of Broke, and on 
the E. bank of the Wollombi brook. Sandstone and shale. Salt has been found in 
considerable cpiantities on this mountain, 

YENG0 CREEK (Co. Northumberland) is the name of the E. head of the Mac- 
donald river. Sandstone. 

YENGO MOUNT (Co. Northumberland) is a peak of the Hunter range of moun- 
tains, lying on the E. bank of the Macdonald river, and 16 miles W. of Wollombi. 
The Yengo creek rises in this mountain. Sandstone. 

YE0-YE0 CREEK {Cos. Bland and Gipps, Lachlan district) is a stream which 
rises in the rough country S. of the township of Yeo-Yeo, and flows N.W. through 
swampy and broken country into the Cowal lake and a series of swampy lagoons, 
whose overflow drains into the Lachlan river near Condobolin. It is fed by the 
Yuglo, Burrangong, and Narraburra creeks. Granite and pliocene tertiary, with 
alluvial and fluviatele drift. 

YEPPIN-YEPPIN CREEK (Co. Macquarie) is a small S. tributary of the 
lower end of the Hastings river. Sandstone. 

YERANBAH BACK STATION (Warrego district); occupiers, HiU, T. H. ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £27 12s. 

YERANBAH STATION (Gwydir district) ; occupier, Hill, Thomas H. ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30. 

YERANBAH, W., STATION (Warrego district) ; occupier, Hill, Augustus; 
area, 2560 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 5s. 

YERING {Co. Northumberland). See Tuggerah Beach Lake. 
YERNDAMB00L STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Brougham, Patrick; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £20. 

YER0NG CREEK {Co. Mitchell, Murrumbidgee district), a small E. tributary of 
the Bullenbung creek, rising in the S. slope of mount Yerong. The telegraph line 
from Wagga-Wagga crosses near the junction of the two creeks. Granite and schist. 

YERONG MOUNT {Co. Mitchell) is a lofty range of mountains, lying near the 
Tiead of Pulletop creek, and extending in a S.E. direction. These mountains lie 
about 40 miles to the S. of Wagga-Wagga, and form a prominent landmark for the 
surrounding country. Granite and schists. 

YER0NERA MOUNT {Co. Wellington) is a detached mountain, lying at the 
head^of the Grattai creek, about 5 mile3 S. W. of the township of Mudgee. Trap rock. 



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YERRABANDINI STATION {Macleay district) ; occupier, Searle, E.; area, 
19,220 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £10. 

YERRA-YERRA STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Strickland, Josiah y 
area, 15,300 acres ; grazing capability, 960 head of cattle. Charges, £32 10s. 

YERRIR0NG CREEK (Co. St. Vincent) is a small S. tributary of the lower end 
of the Shoalhaven river, rising near the road from Braidwood to Sydney, via Nowra. 
Sandstone and ironstone conglomerate. 

YASSABA BROOK (Co. Dudley) is a small S. tributary of the Macleay river. 
Sandstone. 

YAYPO BRUSH (Co. Macquarie) is a small agricultural settlement on the 
Manning River. 

YESABBA STATION (Macleay district) ; occupier, Salway, Herbert ; area, 
7680 acres ; grazing capability, 400 head of cattle. The nearest post town is Kemp - 
sey. Charges, £12. 

YETH0LME (Co. Roxburgh) is a village reserve on the Kirconnell gold fields. 
See Kircoxnell. 

YETMAN (Co. Arravjatta) is a small pastoral hamlet, lying on the Macintyre 
river. The population is small and scattered. Pliocene tertiary, with occasional 
alluvial beds. 

YETMAN STATION (Gwydir district); occupiers, Dight, S. B., and Miss 
Eliza M. ; area, 76,800 acres ; grazing capability, 1120 head of cattle. The nearest post 
town is Ashford. The old charges were £140 9s. 5d. ; the recently appraised rental 
is £325. 

YHABARB0NG STATION ( Wellington district) ; occupier, Brown, John - r 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £36. 

YHOTJL STATION (Darling district) ; occupier, Tyson, Peter ; area, 64,400 
acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Booligal. Charges, 
£30 5s. 

YIARRANBENE CREEK [Co. Murray) is a W. tributary of the head of the 
Shoalhaven river. Metamorphic slate and trap rock. 

YXMMANG RIVER (Co. Durham) (the native name of the Paterson River) 
which see. 

Y0AUK STATION (Monaro district) ; occupier, Cochrane, Lachlan ; area, 
37,000 acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. Charges, £50. 

Y0NGA LAKE (Co. Caira) is a lagoon, lying on the E. bank of the Murrum- 
bidgee river, about 8 miles S.E. of Balranald, and on the road from Victoria (via 
Swan hill) to Oxley, Booligal, &c. Older pliocene tertiary. 

Y00LANQRY STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Walker, Mrs. R. R. ; 
area, 32,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1280 head of cattle. The old charges were £80 ; 
the recently appraised rental is £125. 

Y00L00M0GA STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Neale, Henry Thomas ; 
area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £32 10s. 

Y00NGNULGRA STATION (Albert district) ; occupier, Brougham, Patrick; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

YORKIE'S CREEK (Co. Clarence) is a small W. tributary of the Esk river. 
Sandstone. 

YORK MOUNT (Co. Cook) is a lofty peak of the Blue mountain range, situated 
on the Great Western road, 72 miles from Sydney. Its summit is 3442 feet above sea 
level, and is named in honour of the Duke of York. This mountain was first reached 
by Messrs. Lawson, Wentworth, and Blaxland in 1813. Sandstone. 

YORK STATION (Clarence district) ; occupiers, Griffiths and Fanning ; area, 
64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 6500 head of cattle. Charges, £273 15s. 

YORRIE STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Richardson, A. H. ; estimated 
area, 23,000 acres ; grazing capability, 3000 sheep. The old charges were £57 2s. 6d. ; 
the recently appraised rental is £110. 



638 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



[You 



YOULANGRA STATION (Bligh district) ; occupier, Walker, Mrs. E. R; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 2000 sheep. The old charges were £25 ; the recently- 
appraised rental is £35. 

YOUNANGLUL STATION {Wellington district) ■ occupiers, Walker and 
Cornish ; area, 30,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £42 16s. 3d. 

YGUNGAL CREEK {Co. Selwyn), a small W. tributary of the East Branch 
(Murray) river, rising in mount Youngal, and flowing E. about 5 miles through a 
rugged scrubby country. The geological formation of its course is metamorphic, con- 
sisting of mica, chlorite, and talc. 

YOUNGARA CREEK STATION {Lachlan district) • occupier, Atkins, Wil- 
liam A.; area, 44,800 acres; grazing capability, 700 head of cattle. Charges, £31 
17s. 6d. 

YOUNG, 34° 42' S. lat., 148° 18' E. long. {Co. Monteagle), is a postal town, in 
the electoral district of the Lachlan, and police district of Young. It is situated on 
the Burrangong creek, on the main line of road from Yass to Forbes. The Lachlan 
river, at Cowra, is the nearest ; being 35 miles distant. The Weddin mountain lies 
in a N.W. direction, distant 25 miles. In the township is the Protestant memorial 
church of St. John, erected by Mrs. J. L. Wilkie, in memory of her late husband, 
Capt. Wilkie, of the 12th regiment ; a Roman catholic chapel ; and a Wesleyan 
chapel ; the latter in course of erection. There is also a Congregational chapel-house. 
The district of Young is agricultural, pastoral, and gold mining. The Burrangong 
gold fields, which are alluvial, are 30 miles in extent, running N.E. and S.W., and 
vary in width from 1 to 3 miles. The workings consist of Wombat, Spring creek, 
Stony creek, Back creek, Burrangong creek, Tipperary gully ; 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 14, 16, 
and 17 Mile rushes ; and Bathurst road rush diggings. The nearest places are Marengo, 
E., 15 miles ; Wombat, S., 10 miles ; Murrumburrah, 20 miles S.E. ; Binalong, S.E., 
35 miles ; Morangerell, 45 miles, W. ; Cowra, 35 miles, N.E. ; and Coramundra, 40 miles 
S.W. The communication with Marengo is by horse or dray ; with Wombat by coach 
thrice a week ; with Cowra, via Marengo, and with Coramundra, via Murrumburrah and 
Morangarell, by horse or dray. With Sydney, the communication is by mail coach, 
or Roberts' passenger coach, the former thrice a week, the latter twice. The distance, 
via Yass, is 255 miles. There is an hospital in Young, the masons of the lodge of St. 
John, S. C.j have a lodge, and the I. O. M. U. of Odd Fellows have their club. The 
hotels are the Empire, the Commercial, the Great Eastern, the Albion, the Camp Inn, 
the Criterion, the White Horse, the Star, the Shamrock, and the Imperial. Roberts' 
coach office is at the Great Eastern hotel ; the mail coach office at the Commercial 
hotel ; Henry Lyle's van office at Hall's and Allen's stores ; George Wilson's van office at 
the Criterion ; also the Forbes mail office for parcels at the Criterion ; Parker's van 
office at Great Eastern, and the Gundagai coach office at the White Horse hotel. 
The coaches run to Yass, Goulburn, and Sydney, and the vans the same. The gold 
fields are in charge of Mr. Commissioner Shadforth. There is a police magistrate and 
•a sub-inspector of police. The surrounding country is elevated, with open ridges of 
rich red loam, suited for the growth of grain of all kinds. Vines, tobacco, and cotton 
grow well, the district being one of the richest in the colony. Its geological formation 
is granite. The population of Young and its suburbs numbers about 1200, and 
that of the adjoining gold fields 800. The Burrangong gold fields are now nearly 
abandoned by European miners, a large body of Chinese, some 10 to 20,000, are 
anxiously waiting permission to work them, but the government withhold the sought 
for boon. Young has a newspaper, the Burrangong Argus, and branches of the 
Oriental, Commercial, and City banks, and a branch of the Australian Mutual Provi- 
dent society. 

Young is a police district, embracing part of the pastoral district of Lachlan ; 
and bounded on the E. by the W. watershed of Crowther creek, S. , from the head of 
Tyagong creek, to the range dividing the waters falling to the Murrumbidgee river 
from those falling to the Lachlan river, and by that range, and the range forming the 
E. watershed of Douglass creek, S., to a point due E. from the S.E. corner of J. C. 
Welman's 320 acres, on Barwang creek, by the S. boundary of that land and its W. 
prolongation to the N.W. corner of the Galong Reserve from lease No. 90, notified 
28th December, 1861, by the E. boundary of that reserve, S., 5 miles, thence by the 
S. boundary of the Cunningar Reserve from lease, W., to the E. boundary of the 
reserve on account of the population of the town of Murrimboola, thence by that 



You— Yun] 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



639 



boundary and the S . boundary of that reserve, S. , and W. to the road from Muttama, 
via Beggan-Beggan, to Murrimboola, and thence by that road, S. , to the range dividing 
the waters of Jugiong, Kittiacarrara, and Mutta-Muttaina creeks ; thence on the S. 
by that range and the range dividing the waters of the Murrumbidgee and Lachlan 
rivers, W., to its W extremity, at a point bearing S.W. from the creek which joins 
the Lachlan river within the Booabungril Reserve ; thence on the W. by a line bearing 
N.W. to the N. boundary of the Wyolong run ; thence on the N. by the N. boundary 
of that run, E., to its N.E. corner, and the E. boundary of that run, S., and the S. 
boundaries of Mugga swamp and Back creeks run, E., and the N. and the E. boun- 
daries of Bland run, E. and S. , to Burrangong creek, thence by that creek, upwards, 
to its confluence with Tyagong creek, and that creek, upwards, to its source in the 
range dividing that creek from Crowther creek at the point of commencement. The 
places of petty sessions are Young and Murrumboola. 

YOUNGrEE PLAIN STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Jameison, Wm, ; 
area, 23,200 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

YOTJRIE STATION (Monaro district) ■ occupier, Lintott, Henry George ; area, 
29,400 acres ; grazing capability, 500 head of cattle. Charges, £55. 

Y0UYANG BLOCK (C) STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Glass, Hugh ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Con- 
dobolin. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

Y0TJYANG BLOCK (D) STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Glass, Hugh; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Con- 
dobolin. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

YOTJYANG BLOCK (F) STATION {Lachlan district) ; occupier, Glass, Hugh ; 
area, 64, 000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Con- 
dobolin. Charges, £30 12s. 6d. 

YOTJYANG BLOCK (G) STATION (Lachlan district) ; occupier, Glass, Hugh ; 
area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 4000 sheep. The nearest post town is Con- 
dobolin, Charges, £3C 12s. 6d. 

YOWACA (or Towaca) (Co. Auckland) is a small agricultural settlement, lying 
near Panbula. There is 1 hotel, the Roan Horse, in the settlement. Sandstone and 
alluvial drift. 

YOWACKA CREEK (Co. Auckland) is a smaU S. tributary of the Panbula 
river, falling into it at the township of Panbula. Sandstone and granite, with quartz 
bars. 

YO WEND AH STATION (Bligh district) ■ occupier, Keys, Henry ■ area, 32,000 
acres ; grazing capability, 800 head of cattle. Charges, £50. 

YTJELINDAH CRKEK (Bligh district) ; occupier, unknown ; estimated area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, uncertain. The old charges were £40 ; the re- 
cently appraised rental is £37. 

YUGGLAMAH ( Co. Auckland) is a village reserve, lying onjthe Towamba river, 
12 miles S.E. of Cathcart. Granite and sandstone. 

YUGLO CREEK ( Co. Gipps, Lachlan district) is a stream formed by the overflow 
of a swamp, called Morris' lagoon. It flows N.E. into the swamps at the lower end 
of the Yeo-Yeo creek. Granite and schist. 

YULGIBAR, E., STATION (Clarence district) ; occupier, Ogilvie, Mrs. M., and 
E. W. D. ; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £165. 

YULGIBAR, W., STATION (Clarence district); occupier, Ogilvie, Mrs. M., 
and E. W. D.; area, 16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Old charges 
£364 4s. 5d. ; new appraisement, £475. 

YUNDAROO STATION ( Warrego district) ; occupier, Forlonge, William ; area, 
16,000 acres ; grazing capability, 640 head of cattle. Charges, £30 10s. 

YUNGNULGKA PLAINS, N., STATION (Albert district) ; occupiers, Smith 
and Reid; area, 64,000 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 sheep. Charges, £30. 



640 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. [Yun — Zar 



YUNGNTJLGRA PLAINS STATION {Albert district) ; occupiers, Smith and 
Reid ; area, 64,440 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

YUNGNULGRA PLAINS, S., STATION (Albert district) • occupiers, Smith and 
Reid ; area, 61,440 acres ; grazing capability, 1000 sheep. Charges, £30. 

ZARA STATION (Murrumbidgee district) ; occupiers, Dalgetty and Co. ; es- 
timated area, 57,600 acres; grazing capability, 6000 sheep. The nearest post town is 
Balranald. The old charges were £50; the recently appraised rental is £220. 



ALPHABETICAL LIST 

OF 

PASTORAL TENANTS OF THE CROWN 

With the Stations occupied by them as shown in the body 
of the work. 



A. 



Aarons, Joseph, jun., 



Acres, E. H. A., 



Adams, A. A., 



Adams, George, 
Adams, Henry, 



Adams, Henry, jun. 



Bodongarie 
Bogan, W. 
Glengariff, (A to D) 
Gunbothoo ! 
Nimbia I 
Quilbone 
Bntba-Butba, 2 
Mary-Mary, back 
Mullawoolka ; 

Wigilla i 
Warramatty 
Barraba ' 
Carrennga 
Generai 
Wulbon 
Yarrangobilly 
Booganderra 
Brenda 
Coblinda 
Minna 
Bimble 
Minna 
Turidgerie 
Warren's Corner 
Bowra 



Agnew, Henry, 
Alexander, H. D., 
Alexander, H. Richardson, Bangheet 

Alexander, I. and S., Molong Nyrang 

Alison, Jas. M., Dahomey 

,, Gungalina 

,, Mariopa 

,, Meriotsey (U) 

,, Oakey creek 



Allan, Henry, 

Allan, Street, and Norton, 



Allen and Hancock, 
Allen, George, 
»> 

Allen, John, 
Allinson, B. A., 
Allman and Laidlaw, 
Allman and Murray, 
Anderson, Alex., 
Anderson, Eustace, 
Anderson, Mary 



Pier-Pier 
Burindi 
Bone 
Premer 
Tiara 
Waterloo 
Goba creek 



Manuanga 
Watamondera 
Baan-Baan 
Boorowa 
Dunderaligo 
Langboyde, Back, 1 
Wallah, 2 to 4 
Newstead 



Anderson, R. S., Corongo peak 

, , Emerald, 3 and 4 

Andrew, G. , and Loder, J. , Merah 

Andrews, John, Terrebunalah 

Angus, Neil, Murrabuga 

Armour, Matthew, Bogalong 

Arndell, John, Rocky creek 

Ashbee, Edward, Frazer's creek 

Ashcroft, Edward, Tootle 

Ashcroft, J., Cannonbar (L) 
Aspinall, Mrs. S. A. H., Kangarooby 

Atkins, Thos. J., Bland 

,, Cowal 

Atkins, William A. , Youngara creek 

Atkins, William, Back creek 

Atkinson and M'Kellar, Ellerby 

,, Fairy mount 
Runnymede 

, , Virginia 

Atkinson, Jas., Spicer's creek 

,, Bald ridge 

Atkinson, W., Goberagandara 

Australian Agricultural Co., Warrah 

E. 

Bagnatt, W. P., Coolah 

Bagot and Bagot, Burrawandool 

,, Cambo-Cambo 

,, Llangothlen 

,, Mongeroo 

,, Towndry 

Bagot, Christopher, Cagellico 

Bagot, John C, Millincoroba 

Bagot, N. C, Tooringabby 

Baird, T. D., Bloods worth plain 

Bald, Geo. T., Alma 

,, Coonbaralla 

Baldwin, Otto, Dinwarindi 

, , Margebunda 

Balfe, John, Muddall 

Band, Bobert, Mahonga 

,, Mahonga forest 

Bank of N. S. Wales, Haradon 

,, Kimo 

, , Stonehenge 

, , Umbry 

Barber and Moore, Gunambill 
,, Priory plains, (A to H) 

Barnes, Joseph, Yarringarry 

Barber, Samuel, Bogalaro 



642 



The Nev) South Wales Gazetteer. 



[Index 



Barber, Samuel, 
Barker, John, 
Barrick, William, 
Barry, Lawrence, 
Bartholomew, William, 



Benduck 
Mount Mitchell 
Bolero 
Bangalal 
Burra 



Bartlett, Arthur Charles, Brigalow 
Barton, Robert J., Boree Myrang 

,, Mendadgery (Bald Hills) 

Bather, George, Buggabadda I 

Upper „ I 

Bayley, N. Paget, Mianguillia 
Bear and McMahon, Grangle 
,, Yathong 
Beit, Henry, Camira 
Bell, David, Geogola 
Spring flat 

Bell and Hay, Minderoo 
Bell, Henry, Polly Brown 

Bennett, John Edward, Bummyumla 
Bennett, Robert, Carlingoingoing 

Barnard, M. R., Hiawatha 

Besnard and!? Hays, Yalgogering, N. 

Betiiington, J. H., Tycannah 

, , Wollonal 

Beveridge, Andrew, Beveridge's island 

Beveridge, James, Narabura creek 

Bigge and Palgrave, Molroy 

Binney, John, Glen Elgin 

Bishop, Chistina, and others, Collie 

Bishop, James, Balladoran 

Blackman, John, Newgali 

Blackman, S. and A., Gungaluea 

,, Pier-Pier 

Blackman, W. R., Bulgah 

, , Byllorora 

,, Coeyalwarrah 

,, Combogalong 

,, Gidginbilla 

Blackstone, J. , New Towrable 
Blackwood, J. and R., Clare, (A., B., C) 

Blackwood, Jas., Papatoitoi, E. 

,, Wangara 

,, Wangnron 

Blake, Andrew, Adgoman plains 

, , Gowrable 

,, Musquito creek 

,, Meliabling 

,, Yaggobri 

Blakemore, John, Codra (or Marlin) 

,, Yarrow creek 

Blackland, C, Beverly 
Blaxland, C. , and Cooper, J. , Toryburn 

Bloxham, E. and J., Barrona, W. 

,, Talowla 

,, Darling, N. 

,, Dunlop, outer, 3 

,, Pera, back 
Bloxham, Edward, Darling, N. 2 to 5 

,, To or ale 

Bloxham, H, D., Aripiles 

„ Byong 



Bloxham, H. D., Dunlop 
Gongolgon, 1 and 2 
,, Mere 

Pera 

, , Perka 

Polo 

Bloxsome, Oswald, Dundee 
,, Ranger's valley 

,, Whitmore 
, , Yarrowf ord 

Boland, Thomas, Bald hills 

Booth, Charles, Wangagory 
Booth, Francis, Bumbleberria 
Booth, James, Demandering 
Borthwick & Bull, Courangoura, Big fiver 
Borthwick, Mrs. Anne, Auburn vale 
Borthwick, T. P., Menedebrie 
Bouchart, K. , and Dogherty, Booborowie 
Boucher, John, Buckelong 
Boulton and Bell, Bergen-op-Zoom 
Bowman, George, Aitken's flat 

Guerydah 

„ Maidenhead 
Terry-Hi-Hi 

Boyd, Thos., Gilmore creek 

Boyd, Wm., Mardie 
,, Moonee 
,, North Whoey 

,, North Elballong 

,, Yara 
Boyle, Geo. and J., Gibbigan 
Bradley, William, Bibbenluke 
,, Boco rock 

,, Coobundong 
,, Cooma 
,, Cootatandra 
„ Dangelong 
,, Doodle 
, , Gennong 
, , Gillhnatong 
,, Island lake 

, , Mount Pleasant 

, , Maff a 

Myalla 
Peak 
Rock flat 

, , Wangellack 
, , Wog- Wog 

Brady, Chajles, Nymgun, W. 

Bray and Palmer, Caradgery 
Bray, John, Brungle 
Brebner, George H. G. , Toorookoo 
Brennan, Patrick, Myall plain 

Bricknell, C. W. and W. W., Booraro 
Briggs, C. W. and F. B., Sherwood 
Britton, Thos., Bogenong, E. & W., back 
Britten, C. and Bernard, T. , Bogewon 
Broadbent, E., Manwango 
Broadhurst, E., Banga 
Brocklehurst, W. W. and E. , Burway 
, , Dundullamal 
,, Enniogandry 



Index] 



The New South 



Wales Gazetteer. 



643 



Brocklehurst, W. W. and E., Euroka 
,, Gunninga 

Kent 

,, Sussex 
Brocklehurst, W. W., Buggabudda (U) 
Mulingundry 

Brodie, Mrs. Margaret, Wangarah creek 
Broderibb, Wm. Adam, Aotea 
Darling (D) 
Dry plains 

,, Miparo (B) 

Papakura, 4 
Sebastopol, Al, A4, B2, C2 
3rodribb, F. C. & R. E., Wanganella, N. 
,, Willandra Billabong 

WanganeUa, (B & D) 
Brougham, John, Alma, 1 & 8 

Coye 

, , Hartwood 
Hokianga 

, , Kirindi 
,, Popakura 
,, Ticehurst 
,, Pest down 

, , Rookery 

Brougham, Patrick, Carrabungamu, S. 
,, Kandie 
,, Kerndombie 
,, Bed plains 

,, Wertago 
,, Yoongnulgra 
,, Yerndambool 

Broughton, T., Gundagai or Jones' creek 
,, Muttama 
,, Gadara 

Brown, Alexander, Dubbo 

Brown, Andrew, Beery 
,, Caigan 
,, Carrool 
,, Cuttaballo 
,, Moge Millan 

,, Toolaman's flats 

, , Tonderburn 
, , Yarriman 

Brown, Charles, Nungo 
, , Hanging rock 

, , Kootooloomondoo 

Brown, C. D., Yartalla 

Brown, E. G., & Johnson, D. F., Uoka 

(Weogo) 

Brown, John, Boomagril 
,, Belar Co well 

„ Bogan, 1 

,, Brigalow 
, , Bugobillah 
,, Bunna-Bunna 
, , Cannonbar 
, , Coppymurrumbillah 
,, Lower Cannonbar 

MiUe, S. 
Mulloh 
Muddal 



Brown, John, 



Brown, Joseph, 
Brown, Mrs. Charlotte, 
Brownlow, Richard 
Bruce, J. V. A., 
Bryant, Matthew, 
Buchanan, William, 
Buchanan, W. F., 



Nyingan 
Pullaming 
Ruby 

Wooreburga Cowell 
Yarranbar 
Yhabarbong 
Warge rock 
Marengo 
Blowering, W. 
, Marthauguy 
Bruce's plains, 1 to 3 
Baalpool 
Tara 
Warrina 



Buckland and Buckland, 
Buckland, C. W., 



Gingham 
Burrilda 
Bulyervi New 
,, Doorabeeba 
, , Mungyer 
, , Nowley 
Bucknell Bros., Caranga 
Direlmabildy 
, , Deeriman 
, , Mungyer, 1 and 2, back 

Werrith, S. 

, , Gorrotha 

Pialy 
Yarrewah 

Bucknell, F. K, Gurrotta 
Budd, Mrs. Grace, Hyandra, E. 

Bundock, Barnes, Dyraaba 
,, Dome mountain 

Bundock, Barnes, & Smith, Gordonbrook 

Tempe 



Bundock, W. C, 

Burchards, Frerichs, 
Burdekin, Bossley, 
Burritt, Thomas, 
Bushby, Michael, 
Butchard, James, 

Button, Charles, 



Button, John Charles, 
Byrne Brothers, 
Byrne, Charles J., 



Byrne, Thomas, 



CadelL James, 
Cadell, J. J., 
CadelL Thomas, 



Stratheden 
Keelgyrah 
Wiangaree 
Wambrook 
Attunga 
Rossi creek 
Spring creek 
Boonook 
Old Man's plains 
Burran 
Dealwarnildi 
Cobbanthana 
Baan Baa, S. 
Jerra-Jerra 
Belowrie 
Cadjee 
Wadbilliga 
Woulee creek 
Careginda 



Tatala 
Dungowan 
Coobung 
Langboyde 
Menedebine 
Wooloomoin 
Duncan creek 



644 



The New South 



Wales Gazetteer. 



[Index 



Caird, Paterson, & Co. 
Caldwell, Gavin 



Caldwell, S., 

Callaghan, James, 
Cameron, Alexander, 

Campbell and Hay, 



Campbell and Co. , 



Garoolgan, E. 
Cobram 
Tantonan 
Thule 
Balabla 
Moonbnca 
Loombah 
Chowar 
Pibbon 
Buggillone 
Bolgera 
Berryabar 
Jereel, 5 
Tareela plains 
Toggolo 
Ulah 

Campbell and M 'Gregor, Morrangoral 
Campbell and Mackeachie, Jnttlebah 
,, Mount Cooper 

Campbell & Wildash, Bingagong B. plain 
,, Yanko, E. 

Campbell, George, Bong-Bong 
, , Cota 
,, Cowra rocks 

,, Warrangong 
Warrowrie 
Bald hills 
Coblamatong 
Nanima 
Tragaree 
Jinden 
Wambagaga 
Eltnsmore 
Inverell 
Bombala 
Cambalong 
Campbell, Sophia Jane, Delegete 
Campbell, Telford J., Thoulconna, W. 
Campbell, W. D., Annovate 
Campbell, William, Coonargo, A. B. & C. 

Creegingulla 



Campbell, John B., 
Campbell, John, 
Campbell, J. S., 

Campbell, Mary Ann, 

Campbell, Mrs. Catherine, 

Campbell, Ronald, 



Capel, Daniel, 
Capel, John, 

Capp, Charles, 



Carberry, J. and W. 
Carfrae, John, 



Carlow, Mrs. Catherine 
Carroll, Edward, ; 
Cassells, Mrs. H., 



Castle and Calvert, 



Punpanpa 
Piedmont 
Gorm 
Mooroomgatta 
Coghill 
Cummoo-Coomoo 
Mollieroi 
Cot way 
Candilla 
Minindel 
Nalvira 
Nara 
Paringi Gara 
Pamameroo 
Silistria 
Dandry 
Chidowly 
Biggam 
Carratt 
Island lake 
Cavan 



Chadwick, Nicholas, Bonongle 
. Culparlin 
, , Currangable 
, , Currangall 
Culpaulin 

,, Kenngaie 
Kenugair plains 
Loocalle 

,, M'Culloch's range 

, , Meroma 
,, Marrie 
, , Turlee back 

,, Woytehagga, E. 

Chalker, Joseph Henry, Bumbalong 
Chambers, J. and J., Boundary 
Chapman, Ann, Bellimlopine 
, , Calatine 
,, Currungala 
,, Innes' creek 

, , Tanban 

Tait's 

Chapman, G. J., Cullatin 
Chapman, William, Oura 

, , Worannah 
Chauvel, C. G. T., Tabulam 

,, Wanganella, S. 

Chave, T. A., Marago 
Chave and Smith, Neribone 
Cheeke, Alfred, Blakebrook 

,, Gramin 
Gragan 

,, Gonmama 
Cheers, John, Dananbilla 
Cheetham, J. L., Bogeria 
, , Bongeabong new 

,, Mobella 
,, Yarigand 
Cheetham, Leonard, Milpulling 
Chippendale, Thomas, 1 Bolero, 2 

Chisholm, Andrew S., Mt. M 'Pherson (A) 
Chisholm, F., Gragan 
Chisholm, James, East Bland plains 
,, Kenu 
Myali 

,, Mount M 'Pherson 

Chisholm, John, Bland, No. 2 

Bishop, Christina, and others, Cullingilli 
Christian and Skinner, Gunnadilly 
, , Piallaway 
Christie & Wentworth, Ballabow, back 
,, Ban-Ban 
,, Belgoreen 
,, Bogie plains, N. and S. 

,, Boomagril, W. 

,, Colemberawang 
„ Collybarrell 
,, Colemberewang 
,, Englegah New, 1 to 3 

Gum swamp 
, , Haddonriggs 
Inglega 

, , Mergabone 



Index] 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



CA5 



Chrystal, David, 

Clarke and Macleay, 

Clark, Charles, 

Clarke, Henry, 

Clarke, Farquharson, & Co. 



Clarke, B. N., 
Clarke, Walter, 
Clements, Charles, 



Christie & Wentworth, Mt. Foster New 
Morembone 
New Tenandra, 1 to 5 
Narraniine 
New Myreyald 
Tenandra 
Yarralamborni 
Mulnrula 
Uratta 
North Bolero 
Gundary 
Terawinda 
Tongowoko 
Yantara 
Aberfoil 
Moothumbool 
Cobong, W. 
,, Coobang, W. 

Clerk, E. G., Clerkness 
Clements, Hanbury, Eugowra 
Clifford, Patrick, Bredbo, N. and S. 
Clifford, Patrick, J. and Jos., Greenland 
Clift, Wm. J. J. S. and G. , Doonoo range 
,, Mooki river 

Weia-Weia 
Bastobrick 
Kilpara 
Bernard river 
Watt agar 
Waock 
Widgiara 
Youak 
Emerald, 2 
Emerald, 1 
Jingerra j 
Mandoe ! 
Tilga ' 
Gyra 
Turrawan j 
Boloco, 2 i 
Boloco creek i 
Bogabogil | 
Guriwara 
Come by chance 
Gurriwarra 
Billeroy 
Combaing 
Murraman 
Dural 
Ingleba 
Tugland 
Stony creek 
Bangalal 
Barry's 
Nemingo 
Serpentine river . 
Meriwynebone, back 
,, S. Oreel, back 

Cooper, and Blaxland, Nuandle 
, , Toryburn 
Cooper, Sir D.&Buckland,B.T., Botheroe 
,. Curry Flat 



Clogher and McLeod, 
Clough and Bogg, 
Cobb, A. , & Mackay, J. , 
Cobcroft, John, 
Cochrane and Wilson, 
>) 

Cochrane, Lachlan, 
Cockburn, Nesbitt, 
Cockburn, William, 
Codie, Simon, 
'Codrington, C. J. and A., 
*€ody, Edward, 
Cohen and Levy, 



Coleman, Charles, 
> j 

Colletts, Joseph, 
Colless, H. and G., 
Colless, William, 



jun. 



Colville, Charles, 
Comans, James Michael, 
Comerford and Kearley, 
»> 

Connell, J. and Mrs. A. D. 
Connolly, Eugene, 
Conroy, John, 
Conway, Matthew, 
Cook and Stephens, 
,Cook, S. W., 



Cook, Thomas, 



Cooper, Sir D. & Buckland, B. T. Mumbadah 
, , Warraderry 

Cooper, Jas., Whittanbra 

Cooper, Jos. & Theophilus, Caidmurry 
, , Caidmurry, E. , 1 to 4 

, , Wirrah 

Cooper, H. S., Curra 
, , Murrinlimba 

Cope, Joseph, Beriarh 
,, Goola-Goola 
,, Lower Grawhey 

,, Maillee 
, , Marbella 

Mole 

,, Mara creek 

, , Wanghandry 
,, Woolagoola, W. 

Corcoran, Roger, Burrowa 
Cornish and Cruikshank, Bulger aga 

, , * Cooky down 

, , Geranher 
,, Upper Geramby 

Cornish, E. B., Bogan, W., 12 

Bogan, E., 9 to 12 
, , Belbula 
, , Barbige 
, , Mundadoo 
. , Namoon 
Pay era 
Police j)oint 

, , Eocky 
,, S. Thononga 

. , Staffa 
Wallaby (B) 
Willedah and Temonie 
,, Wooloombye 
Corse, J. W., Bugabuda 
,, Engaldry 
Cosgrove, John, Adaniindamy 
,, Bullanaming 
,, Bililingera 
,. Quorangallery 
Costello, Michael, Warro 
Cousins, R, Y., Wardry 
Cox and Bell, Vale of Sighs 

Cox and Crisp, Mangoplah 
Cox and Dowlnig, Coonbilly 
, , Moco Barunga W. , 1 to 3 

, , Windara 
Cox, Edward, Urabriblele 
, , Ullamambri 
Cox, George Henry, Billyeena 
,, Nomeby 
Cox and Kearne, Pullitop 
Cox, E. W. and J. C, Goangra 
,, Goangra Eetro 

, , Giriwillie 
,, Mount Foster 

,, Ellengerah, back 

Cox, Sloper, Derra-Derra 
, , Gunniwarrildi 
Craven and McAuliffe, Glenroy 



646 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



[Index 



Crawford, A. F., Moona plains 

Crawford and Brayshaw, Boboyan 
Crawley, Andrew, Hanging Rock 

Creed, John, Wongamong plains 

Crichton, Robert, Moonbria 
Croaker, J. W. and P. H., Bueramunda 

Troy 

Cropper, Chas., Yamma 
Crosse, George R. and H. B., Dry Forest 
Crowe and CawbeiTy, Gobberalong 
,, Golgillan 
Crozier and Perry, Mulgoa, 1 to 3 

Crozier, John, Ana Branch 

Bullow Keena 
Bundawingee 
Boulay, outer 
,, Culparlhi, outer 

,, EuriLLa 
Moorpa 

.,, • Moorna 

,, Netallie, outer 

„ Tooran 
Wallar 

Cruikshank, Alex. & J. , ^ Grawhey, back 
Cullen, Thomas, Tarcilari 
Cummins, Mich. Jas., Naradhan 
Cummins, M. J., Warrego, W., 10 to 12 
Cummings, Michael, Wog-Wog 
Cummings, William, Billabong 
Troff's, The 

Cunningham, Andrew, Congewarrah 
, , Freshf ord 

, , Naremerramany 
,, Urana 

Cunningham & Macredie, Burrumbuttock 
,, Inkermann 
,, Malakoff 
Mount Gipps 
, , Woolpagerae 

Curtis, Peter, Rock forest 



Dacey, Mrs. Catherine, 
Dallas, John, 



Grogan creek 
Brawlin 
' Gogeldrie 

Dalgetty and Co. , Zara 
Dalziel, David, Tarrangan, E. 

Dangar, Gilchrist, & Dangar Therabone 
Dangar & Gilchrist, Terembone, N. & S. 
Dangar, Henry Booraba 
, , Gostwyck 
,, Murgo 
,, North Murgo 

,, Paradise creek 

, , Yalleroi 
, , Yarrawitch 
Dangar, Thos. Gordon, Cooramor 
Dangar, T. , Keinreebeere back 

Dangar, William, Cubbaroo 
Dead Bullock 
,, Warrambool back 

Drilldool 



Dangar, William, Merryabynbone 
,, North and South. Oreel 

Dangar, W. J., Dabingera 

,, Keingobaldi 

,, Myall creek 

Dangar, Mrs. Grace, Forest, The 

Darby, Arthur, Wanscombie 

Darby, C. Bardwell, Oberne 

Darby, Sydney H. f Tiengah 

Darchy, Thomas, Gegablalong 

,, Gregora 

,, Pimpara plains 

, , Yupra plains 

Dargin, John, Genarin 

,, Mungare 

Darling, Ramsay, Kendal 

Darlott, Henry, Bundylumla 

,, Miranda (A) 

Darlow, Thomas, . Moombooldool 

Davenport and Power, Contarlo, 2 

,, Urambee 
Davenport, Power, & Kornhardt, Uabla 

Davidson, Alexander, Bullenbong 

Davis, Alfred, Moogarnoola 
New Geralgambone 
,, Upper Merry -Merry 

Davis, G. A., Toomoorooma 

Day and Hore, Little Billabong 

Day, Geo. & Jas. , Talmalmo 

Deans, Thomas, Bungelar 

Delves, David, Nimmitibel 

Delvin, James, jiin., Duladhulahderry 

Denne, William, St. Leonard's 

Denne, W. and R. H. , Mumble water 

,, Nowendoc lower 

„ River, 2 

Denne, R. H., Brangen park 

Tira 

De Sailly, F. and G. P., Abbotsford 

, , Alma 

,, Alma 

, , Belowra 

, , Bundure 

, , Cobram 

, , Cockenwonga 

,, Cooree 

,, Ellislan 

, , Tarcombe 

, , Strathaven 
, , Rankin's hill, 5 and 6 

,, Papatoitoi, 

,, Papakura, 3 

,, Mosgeil. 

Yanko(G&H) 

De Sailly, Francis, Bundure 

, , Gonn 

, , Govan 

,, Killeen 

, , Palmyra 

,, Werlong, 

, , Wagga 
Warbreecem 



Index] 



The New South 



Wales Gazetteer. 



647 



De Sailly, Francis, Urolea 
„ ' Yamma 
„ Yathong 
Yanko 

De Sailly, G. P., Ardennes 
,, Kiamba 
Mipora (Manfred) 
., Peveril 
Rowena 

,, Tara, 4 and 5 

,, Saladin 
., Ticehurst 
, , Waverley 
,, Weejagada 
Wood, 1 

,, Woodstock 
De Salis, Leopold F. , Cupperacumbalong 
Devlin, James, Ganmain 
„ Glenonigi 
, , Kalketoo 
Dickson and Darlott, Carroonboon, N. 
Dickson, D. Barney downs 

, , Frochester 
Dickson, James, Cartland 
„ Eumniare 
, , Kingsgate 
„ Leamington 
,, Lincheden 
,, Mihi, 1 and 2 

,, Oban 
, , Pepperton 
, , Woroma 
„ Torwood 
,, Yarrow creek 

Dickson, John, Carroonboon, 2 

Dick, Thomas, Woolongough 
Dight and Hay, Maragle 
Dight, John, Bungonanna 
Dight, J. B., Boonal 
Dight, S. B. and Miss E. M. , Yetman 
Dight, S. B., Carroll 
Dines and Howe, Tulloona 
Dines, Richard, Lay green 

Tulloona 

Dodds, Alexander, Bomba 

, , Cobram 
Donald and Baird, Cremorne 
Cullenburrawong 
Garule-Garule 

„ Nevertire plains back 

Donaldson, S. and A., Clifton 

„ Tenterfield 
Donaldson, Setter T., Bogan (E) 16 & 17 
Donnelly, John, O'Brien's creek 

Douglas, Walter, Booda 
Dowling, Vincent, Barrawarra, (TJ & W) 

,, Goonery 
Downey, Robert, Mannus creek 

Downing and Mara, Rosebank 
Dows, John, Croot 
Doyle, Andrew, Bundebulla back 

Doyle Brothers, Ulimbawn 



Doyle, Francis M., Ulimbie 

Doyle, John F. , Coorah 

, , Werrana 

, , Werrina 
Doyle, T. J. and Alfred J. , Nurrabry 

Doyle, J. R., Wamell 

Doyle, Thomas, Narybaba 

Draper, James, Weiragandria 

Driscoll, John, Curry flat, Head of 



Drummond, Thomas, 

Drynan, P., 

Ducot, W. G., 
Duffield, Walter, 



Duffy 



C. G., 



Duggan, W., 



Bogalong 
Five-mile creek 
Dramny 
Dinumga 
Moonaba 
Cor ego 
Mulca Gaari 
Mulgenery 
Nelia Gaari 
Weinterraga 
t Booroomugga 
Coronga peak back 
Dry river 



Duguid, McPhee, and Carter, Mila Boggy 

[creek 

Dumaresq Brothers, Blair hills 

Dumaresq Brs. , & M 'Innes, Glen Innes 
Mole river 



Dumaresq, William, 
Dunn, Andrew, 

5 5 

Dunn, Joseph, 

J 5 

Durham, Willam, 
Dwyer, Timothy, 



Tilbuster 
Bungerang 
Erugalla, S. 
Coonalhugga 
Mitta 
Bannockburn 
Benangrooa 



E. 



Eager, Geoffrey, 



Ballimbinyid 
Bogeria, (A to C) 
Eagar, Bryant, Thuara 
Eales, Jdhn, Bundabulla, W. , 1 to 4 
Bundabulla, E., 3 to 4 
, , Currububla 
,, Cooma 

Dury 

, , Jacob and J oseph 

Long point 
Milrea 

, , Minna-Mini] anee 

,, Milrea Minor 

,, Moorabie 
Naverna (Neliomby) 
,, Nepokalena (Combadella) 

,, Sand holes 

,, Tarrien, (L. andU.) 

Wallhalla 

Eales and Doyle, Coolobong 
, , Whaland 
Eather, Charles, Ballinbillian, back 
Gumanaldy 

,, Heuryandi 
,, , Moongoonoola, back 

, , Pinegobla 



648 



Tlie Neio South Wales Gazetteer. 



[Index 



Eaton and Crawley, Binniguy 
, , Cabbidar 
Eaton, John, Slaughterhouse plain 

Eccleston, Henry John, Snowy river 
Eckford, John, Burren-Burren 
., Carrabilina, 1 and 2 

, , Malaraway 
Edrop, James, Tunder 
Edwards, C. , Torowoto swamp, W. , 1 & 2 
Edwards, Frank, Warrego, W. , 6 to 9 
Egan, Bryan, Bebrue Biabendo 

Elford, Isabella, Mooki spring 

Elliot, James, Embie 
Elliot, Samuel, Bokemar 
Ellis and Barsback, Jumble plains, (H) 
Essy, Charles, Molly 
Evans, James, Kumrebern 
,, Myall Lowry 

Everett, G. J. and Edwin, Ollera 
,, Tenterden 

F. 

Falconer, Jas. Boyle, Wooloomoolenly 
Farlington, W. Duggan, Cobargo 
Farmer and Painter, Geary 
, , Minore 
Farrand, John, Burra-Burra, N. and S. 
Fanks, B. C, Hermitage plains (A) 
Fanning, Major F., Claremont 
Fanning, W. and F. , Mongogary 
Fairbairn, George, Elieliva (A and B) 
Faithful, W. P., Broworana 
Feehilly, John, Merringreen 
Feehilly, Boger, Pinnacle 
, , Ungaree 
Fenn, William, Uar 
Ferguson, Alex., Mundar 
, , Mullingudgery 
Ferguson, D., Donald's plain* (A to L) 
,, Kialat (Luna) 

,, Qual Quata 

,, Yaree (Yadchor) 

Ferrier, John, Yarrawell 
Fitzpatrick, James, Cuenunba 
Fitzgerald, Pobert, Bigleather 
, , Corore 
, , Meekin 
,, Noonah 
,, Yarramon 
Filson, John, Greenhough's hill (A to D) 
,, Keiler (C and D) 

,, Prunella back (A and B) 

,, Dunlop's range, lower 

Yara block (B) 
Field, William, Nandi 
Fletcher, Dugald, Bulmung 
, , Ilia wla 

,, Nelipo (Grand) Junction 

,, N. Ana branch 

, , Rainding 
' Tiltas 
Tapao 



Fletcher, G. B., 



Fletcher & Scott, 
Fletcher, John, 



Flood, Edward, 



Fletcher, Dugald, Tapion 

Tittalulta 
Waltragile 
Eckerboon, E. 
IUanla, E. 
Palinoa 
Parnolingoy 
Tilson, outer 
Sturt's Billibong run 
Brangen plain 
Keutucky 
Walcha 
Baltimore 
Bidara 

, , Bourbeen 
,, Brogan (Bralgan) plains 

, , Bundoberring 
, , Bundegool 
,, Car bin 

, , Carabear 
, , Carrawabbitty 
,, Darrindury 
,, Guinquingulla 
, , Kedgar 
, , Marthaguy 
, , Mungranby 
, , Narrabone 
, , Narrandera 
, , Nimbea 
Pose hill 

,, Spicer's creek 

, , Tacklebong 
, , Treilwon 
, , Tunstall 
Walla- Walla & Carnyntia 
, , Warran back 

Wingilong 

Flood, Edward, jun., Bengamby 
Flood, E. W., Wattle creek 

Flood, J ames, Twoprang back plains 
Flood, Jas. & Jos., Horlong 
Flood & Tyson, Chadwick & Phelps, 2 & 3 



Flood, Walter, 



Flynn, Jeremiah, 
» ? 

Flynn, John, 
Forbes & Lockart, 
Forbes, Fred. Augustus 

Ford',' J. & J., 
Foiionge, William, 



Borgasa 
Bolaro, 2 & 3 
Warren creek 2 
Countigany 
Willewa 
Willera 
Tarcoola, E. 
Mungle 
Wallah 
Willie lower, E. 
Bulbuogera 
Buajarribong 
Borde 
Booraran 
Booral (Ten-mile creek) 
Bogan, E., 20 to 30 
Bogan, W., 23 to 28 
Dalhuntey 
Guwagia 
Gunnowlia, W. 



Index] 



The Few South Wales Gazetteer. 



649 



.Forlonge, William, Irrara, back, 3 & 4 
„ Moco Barungha, W., 4 to 7 

Moco Barungha, 1 to 7 
, , Mountain run 

„ Muttagoona 
,, Maryland, 1 & 2 

Warrego, W., 13 to 16 
,, Wallanora Billabong, 1 to 11 

, , Windaro 
, , Wollawignee 
Yarrabundi 

, , Yandaroo 
Forrester, George, Bankeet 
, , Cumblecubinbah 
,, Grawin, back & W. 

,, Go Gurrilly 

, , Humomby 
, , Imbergee 
,, Jimbergee 
WillBiU 
Willibillia 
Unmunbah, W. 

Binga 
Cocopar 
Bramina 
Bando plains 
Popiga, W. 
Glen Fearnaigh 
Greenwich 
Middlingbank 
Gundyale Cowell 
Marthaguy 
Wingenbar 
Tooreel 
Baker's swamp 



Forsyth, George, 

Franklin, Thomas, 
Francis and White, 
Frazer, A. W., 
Freeman & M'Lennon, 
Freeman, William, 
Freebody, John, 
Friend, Charles, 



Frost, S. and J., 
Furguson, Alexander, 



G. 



Gabbett, R. S., 
Galvin, George 
Gardiner, Andrew, 
Gardiner, J. A., 



Jingallic 
Obere 
Weeli, E., upper 

. Cudde11 
Dirri-Dirri 

„, Duck creek, 12 

Gunningbaholes 

.,, Mundrabah, New 

Pillagowarina, Lower 

,, Tualgara 

-,, Weele 

,, Wagoo, 2 

Gardiner, J., Willa Marra creek 

Gardiner, W. and S., Cumbuglecumbang 

,, • Willandra 

Garnock, George, Mount Pleasant 

Garry, John L., Mylora 
Gayer and Crosse, Sandy Ridges 

Gemmell, John, Billabong forest 

,, Coreen 
Gibbs and Ronald, Tuppal, S. 

,, ' Tuppal creek 

Gibson, G. L., Longford 
Gibson, George, Conn 

„ Mynia 



Gibson, George, Wanangambone 
Gibson, Mrs. Alice, Bogi Bogalong 

„ Bland, E. 

tJ Caragabel 

w Tregalana 
Gibson, Thomas J., Burgunderu 
Gilchrist, Watt, and Co., Naas 
Giles, Thomas, Medoway 
Gillies, John, Bogala 

, , Murrungundry 
GiU, D. G., Weimbutto 
Gill, John, Balabla 

, , Falconer W. 

„ Moonbi 
Moore creek 

, , Piallamore 

,, Swamp Oak creek 

J5 Sugar Loaf 

, Tuckeraman 
WaUhaUa E. 

J} Wandoobar 
Gilmore, John, Bulgundramine 
Tomingley 

Gilmore and Southon, Coldstream 

Gilmore, John N., Myall camp 

,, Genanagy 
Reedy waterhole, The 
n Wallenbillen 
J? Waterloo plains 

Glass and Corrigan, Collewaroy back 
ti Gooraway 
, , Kigwigil 
}) Rainigatabah back 

Glass, Hugh, BiUabong forest, (A.) 

i} Cambedore 
, , Campadore back 

„ Crowl creek, 2 and 6 

„ Cockibjidong 
,, Dootheboy, N. and S. 

Kerie 

„ Milparo, N. (A,) 

Noweronie 

, , Winbar 
Yallock, (C. andD.) 
Youyang, (C. to G.) D. 
Glass and Ligar, Mahurangi 
,, Outer back Roto, 1ST. 

,, Outer Wangaron 

Glennie, James, Richmond, head of the 
Goldsborough and Parker, Windouran 
Wicklow ( A to L) 
Goldsborough and Strettle, Wonnock 
Goodall, Youl, & Parker, Dulhunty upper 
,, Gunningbland (B) 

,, Mozormhne plains 

Trundle 
Trnndle 

Goodwin, Mrs. C, Mandry 
Gordon, Hugh, Rocky creek 

,, Rock vale 

, j ,' Strathbogie 
Gordon, John, Burrabong 



650 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



[Index 



Graham, William, 



Grant, E. and D. , 
Grant, John, 

Graves, J. B., 
Gravin, R. Caldwin, 
Gray, Basil, 



Gordon, John, Barambola 
,, Garoolgan, E. 

,, North Barellan 

Toolo creek 
Dry plain 
Fryingpan creek 
Gunengarah 
Kolkibertoo (A) 
Belubula 
Merriganoury 
Wakool creek 
Gotha 
Indi 
Welaregang 
Gray, Neil, and Aitken, Brocklesby 
Gray, Sam. W., Walumban tipper 

Green and Massie, Bundidgery 
Green, John, Doolondoondo 
Grieve, James, Langwell 
Griffiths and Fanning, Camden valley 
, , Roseberry 
, , Wooroowoolgan 
, , Wyandah 

York 

Griffiths, Thomas, Dutjohn 
Grogan, William, Sawyer's flat 

Gnrney, Thomas, Carobina 
Gwynne and Hammond, Jnnee 
Gwynne, F. A., Murga 
Gwynne, Henry, Cochran 

Werai 

H. 

Tin-pot Alley 
Sawyer's creek 
Yambera 
Bingara 
Bullane 

,, Cwrindi 
, , Stony batter 

Wabollabolla 

Hall, James, TJrawilkeo 
Hall, Henry, Mullion 
Hall, M. R., Hermitage plains, (K to M) 
Hall, T. S., Mount Mitchell (HaU's) 
Mundoway 

, f Wollomombi 
Hamilton, Alexander. Arable 
,, Woolway 
Hamilton, Edward, Black creek 

Cattle creek 
Collyblue 

Hamilton, H. S., Llanillo 
West Head 

Hamilton, William, Goombargana 
Hangar, Grace, Bulgeori, N. 

Hangar, Henry, Bulgeori, S. , 1 and 2 
,, Buleori 
Hanks, R. C. , Hermitage plains 

Block (V) 

Hanley, Susan, Mingay 
Hannan, John, Cowradigbee 



Hadcroft, Wm., 
Haggarty, George, 
Hall, Charles, 
Hall, George, 



Hanrahan, James, Wentworth gully 

Hargreaves, Richard, Broadmeadows 

,, Hernani 

,, Hillgrove 

,, Kangaroo creek 

Harme, A. H., West Nandamar 

Harmon, Quondary 

Harnett, Maurice, Anembo 

,, Cowra 

,, Rosebrook 

Harnett and Cullen, Cucumbene 

Harris, Thomas, Middle field 

Hars-ey, Mrs. Jane, Illamurgulla, E. 

Harvey and Cockburn, Khancoban 

Harvey, Thomas, Windy corner 

Haslington, Edward, Big Badger 
Hassell, J. L. , Bibbigibbery back 

„ Peter Duffetty 

,, Parmidman 

Haughton Brothers, Potacingoga 

Hayden, Henry, Delegete 

Hay and Campbell, Bambah 

,, Keepit 

,, Weelwally 

Hay and Dight, Tooma 

Hay, John, Beremagad 

,, Coocup 
Jeegur 

, , Wangaradgery 

Haylock, T. C, Palisthan, 2 

Healy and McEwan, Breelong Old 
Healey, James, Marthauguy creek 

Healy, Michael, Bowobah. 

,, Bonorah upper 

, , Boorandah 

Henderson, E., Bogan, W., 27 

Hennessey, Maurice, Mumblebone 

Hennessey, P., Belubula 

,, Murray 

Hennell, Stephen, Murrill creek 

Henry, J. A., Werrai 

Henty, Edward, Paldrumatta 

,, Torowoto, S. 

, , Torowoto 

Henty, Hon. J., Buriyjaa 

Henty and ISTeill, Round hill 

Henty and Sampson, m _ Boomah 

,, Bunjah 

, , Buona 

,, Kooltoo 
Miltra 

,, Passima 

,, Questa 

, , Woombup 

Henty, S. Stephen, Walla- Walla 

Herbert, M., Naas 

Herriott, Elliott, Carabobala 

Hervey and Cockburn, Bringenbong 

Hibbard, William, Bibbenluke 

Higgins, Robert, Ullonga 

Hill, Augustus, Milldool 
Yeranbah, W. 



Ikdex] 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



651 



Hill, F. M., Yarranbah, N. 

Hill, Rowley, & Richard, Cunderang 
Hill, Thos. H., Burba, 1 & 2 

„ Bucklebow 
ti West bend 

5J Yeranbah 
Hood, William, Broula 
Hogg, James Ed., Albermarle, E. 

n Coonbaralba 
5 , Eckerboon 
, , ' Leuwin Klip 

, , Nadbuck 

Sturt 
Topar 

Holland, H. Edward, Bogan, W. 5 

Holt, Thomas, Borengo 
„ •' Pallanang 

, , Cuninabla 
Hood and Twaddle, Keginni 
Hood and Torrence, Thoulconna, E. 
Hook, Augustus, Currieaback 
Hope, Abraham, Bombaldery 
Hopwood, Henry, Sturt's Depdt glen 
Hore, Andrew, Mugmugung 
Hore, John, Cumbaroona 
,, Wagra 
Horsley and Whittaker, Buddigouer 
, , Yabtree 
Hoskinson, John, Carara 
, , Barraba 
, , Coora 
Yaggaba 

Hoskisson, J., jun., Quambone 
Howe and Doyle, Bogan, E., 13 

,, Bundabulla, 2 

Howe, James and John, Merrawa 

, , Mobinbry 
Howe and Thompson, Bogan, W., 17 

,, Bogan, E., 14 

Howitt, Alfred Wm., Noonthorangee, W. 

,, Teltawongee 
Wanominta, S. 
Howell, Walter, Bribera creek, head of 
Howitt, P. and 0., Wartago 
How, Mrs. Leah, Gunongjingerah 
How, Walker, & Co. , Jyndabyne, W. 
Hughes, Charles W., Bogan, E., 22 

,, Bundabulla, 1 

Hughes and Macgregor, Goocup 
Hughes, Esther, Barraba 
Hughes, Fred., Bundabulla 

, , Wirra-Warra 
Hughes, J. jr., Hermitage plains, H. & J. 
Hughes, Robert M., Darling, N., 6 

Hughes, William, Bogan, E., 21 

Humphries, S. H., Goriagella 
Humphrey, Charles H., Waree 
Hume, John K., Kolkibertoo, S. (A.) 
Hungerford & Belfield, Eversleigh 
Hungerford, T., Byerawerong, K & S. 

, , Cawwell 
Towtowra 



Hurley, John, 

Huon, D. A., 
Huskisson, J., 
Hyeronimus, N. 
Hyland, M., 



Cootamondra 
Houlahan's 
Gerogery 
Gwabothoo 
Goonoo 
Grosses 



Icely, Thomas, Bangaroo 
Bengerallijong 

Ingelow, G. K. (executors of) Glen Righ 
, , Giergovrow 
,, Gullendaday 
,, Namoi Hut 

, , Nyembdie 
, , Sevenstrath 
, , Yarrawiteh 

Irby, Edward, BoHvia 

Irving, Clarke, (executors of) Ashby 
,, Casino 
,, Doubleduke 
, , Ellengowan 
Lagan 

;, Myrtle creek (Bungwanblin) 

,, Travellers' Best 

Isaacs, Clement, Mogong 

J. 



Jackson, John, 
Jackson, Richard, 
Jamieson, H. and B., 



Jamieson, William, 
Jardine. William, 



Boree creek 
Bobrah (Morlie) 
Analarra 
Cabrilla outer 
Cobrilla 
Dolora 
Kambula 
Mallambray 
Moorabin 
Parkingi 
Perry 
Redan 
Youngee plain 
Biggam 

,, Bullimbalong 
Jeffrey, Julius, Newfoundland, 1 and 2 
Jeffries, Herbert C, Boonarnooman 

, , Killenyana 
Jeffreys, William, Boolooree 
Jenkins, Francis, Gall- Gall 

,, Little swamp 

Morundah 

, , South Thononga 

Jenkins, George, Woolomol 
Jenkins, J. &F., Buckenbongfc Gillingbah 

,, Jellingbar 
ISTangus 

, , Yanko 
Jenkins, Richard L. , Carbuckly 
Jirid, John, Orraba 
Johnson, John, Gunnedah 
Johnston, David, Adelong 

Argalong 

, , Billy bong 



652 



The New South 



Wales Gazetteer. 



[Index 



Jolinston, David, 
Jones, A. G., 
Jones, Alfred T. , 

5 5 

J ones and Brookes, 
Jones and Gorman, 
Jones and Street, 
»> 

Jones, B. A., 
Jones, Edward, 



Jones, John, 



Jones, J. P., 
Jones, Lloyd, 

Jones, Richard, 

55 

Jones, Thos., 
Josephson, J. T., 



Joshua, F. J., 
Jude,'P., 
Julian, Richard, 



Waterholes 
Marar 
Black stumps 
Queensborough flats 
Toomoorooma 
Tachina's 
Hermaden 
Mondado 
Large Oakey creek 
Bend 
Cadow 
East Manna 
Four-bob camp 
Boxtree hole 
Boebong swamp 
Gewah Co well 
Gunnylong 
Buggill, W. 
Mourguong 
Pernanga 
Carwell, 3 
Ningear lower 
Wheeleren 
Enmore 
Jandra 
Little river 
Wetherwarigha 
Murrumbidgerie 
Woorooboomi 
Armytree 
Illamurgullia, W. 

Bogolong 
North Bolero 



K 

Kaye, Butchart, & Dougharty, Mount 
[M'Pherson, E. 
Kaye, W. & Butchart, G., Nap-Nap 
, , Quiamong 
JCeenan, James, Booree Bagan 

,, Cheeseman's creek 

Glencoe 
The plains 

Keenan, Mary, Weera 
Keeve, Andrew, trustee for Mrs. Setts 

[Molong 

Keighran, Michael H., 
Kelly and Parkman, 



Kelly, Martin, 
Kemp, Brothers, 

5 5 

Kennedy, Edward, 

55 

Kennedy, James, 

5 5 
55 

Kennedy, Robert H., 



Kennedy, R. H., 
Kennedy, W., 



Mount Misery 
Calabash 
Stony creek 
Booningii 
Tooranbee 
Billabong 
Forest, 2 
Ellerslie 
Jerildery, N. 
Tongaboo 
Hyandra 
Myall forest 
Roto, N. 
Roto 
Wallandra, N. 
Barigan 



Kent, Charles, 

5 5 

Kerr, Andrew, 



Kerr and Panton, 
Keys and Etherington, 
Keys, Henry, 
Keys, J. H., 
Kidston, T. and Wm, , 
King and Haywood, 
King and Keep, 
King, Richard, 
Kirk & Goldsborough, 



Kirwan, Thomas & J., 
Knight, John 
Kyte, Thomas W., 



Cooplacurrapa upper 
Mumble upper 
Derribong 
Doonside 
Murrundery 
Nymgum, E. 
Opposite Derribong 
Wellwood 
Yallinderi 
. Wabbra 
Bonshaw 
Yowendah 
Mandowey creek 
Walbundir 
Bulgar creek 
Wunawanty 
Boolooroo 
Ballingerambil 
Greenbar 
Honnuna (A to C) 
Mea-Mia 
Perricootta 
Tallaila 
Tarawonga 
Mowenbah 
Gidgier 
Burie 
Bogan, W., 18 
Molong swamp 



Labelliere, Charles C. 



Bogan, W., 1 
Hermitage (U) 
Numeralla 
Copperbella 
Ariah 
Bungumbill 
Black range 
Warry 
Yalcogrin 
Tannabar 
Breeza 
Talbringo 
Mickabill 
Yallock (A) 
Miparo (Manfred) 
Waiko, E. 

YaUock 
Langsland 
Mungadi^gabel 
Pevensey i?.ack 
Whitumbai* 
Wirkinbirgal 
Junction 
Newindoc 
Kangaroo flat 
Craigie 
Quinn Barra 
Pindari 
Wellingrove 
Lawson, Mrs. (executors of) Pekobutta 
Lawson, Nelson, Bowana rock 



Lacy, D., 
Lahane, Jeremiah, 
Laidlaw, Thomas, 



Lakeman and Knight, 
Lamb and Clift, 
Lampe, Ottman, 
Lane, James B., 
Lang and Brown, 
Lang, Gideon Scott, 



Lang, Thos. and G. S. 



Lang, William, 
Langhorn, John, 
Lawrie, J. Th. and A 
Lawrie, R. and Alex. 
Lawson, Charles, 

55 

Lawson, J. W., 



Index] 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



653 



Lawson, Nelson, Buggill 
,, Gotta rock 

Lawson, W. , jun. , Canowindra (Woolshed) 
Davy's plains 



Lay cock, M., 
Learmonth, Thomas. 
Ledger, J., 
Lee and Sutherland, 
Lee, Benjamin, jun.. 



Lee, 
Lee, 

Lee, 



John, 
Thomas, 



William, 



Lee, 



William, jun 



Lehane, Jeremiah, 
Lester, William, 
Lethbridge, J. & G. L 
Lewis, S. H., 
Ligar and Brown, 

Ligar, C. W., 



Ligar, H. W., 
Ligar, W. G., 
Lintott, H. G 



Lloyd, Charles William 
Lloyd, Edward, 
Lloyd, J. C., 
Lloyd, J. C. and C. W. 



Marydale 
Nyang 
Mallion forest 
Barham 
Mogal Mogil 
Little river 
Sherwood 
Mickabill 
Billabong 
Clear ridges 
Wombine 
Talrotong, Adjoining 
Bonar 
Condonblin 
Jemalong 
Tabratong 
Terangan, Back of 
Moora-Moora 
Kyargather 
Wilbetroy 
Warry 
Gorman's hill 
Gungillah 
Tyrone 
Narraba 
Morbringer 
Currangandi 
Moira 
Calytria (A to D) 
Miparo, N. (B) 
Booroondara 
Curraweena 
Gundabook back (A and B) 
Keirangundah 
Rankin's hill, 17 blocks 
Old boundary 
Dunlop's range back 
Marrivarre 
Cunningdroo 
Yourie 
Dripping rock 
Arraramie 



Lloyd, Jones, 
Loder and Capp, 



Loder, Andrew, 



Loder, George, 



Cowmore 
, Bondobolla 
Collygrah 
Gundermaine 
Galathra 
Wee-Waa 
Cawnalmurtie 
Cunellic 
Booranibirra 
Goono, back 
Hospital 
Bundalla 
Bundullah 
Doughboy hollow 
South Quirindi 
Billeboo 



Loder, George, 



Loder, James M., 
Logan, Robert J. , 



Longmore, R. P. 
Loomes, John, 



Callaghan swamp 
Dead Bullock creek 
Dunwalderdi 
Goonoo, N. and S. 

Millie 
Mothenia 
Quantambone 
Quirindi, N. 
Bundori 
Kunopia 
Mongola 



Sheep station creek 
,, West plains 

Lord, Francis, Burrawang 
,, Enrimbola 
Lord, George, Bukhara, upper 

, , Kumreberu, E. 

Lord, G. W. , Burrawong, (A and B) 
,, Cockelbereena, back 

,, Darling, 1 (Bonny) 

Darling, 2 (Talaa) 
Georgy 

, , Loondy 
,, Lower Beringerambil 

Neo, W. 

,, Talao and Bonny, back 

Ticco 

, , Towry 
,, Turee, back 

, , Waranary 
, , Wellington 
, , Yamby 
Lotze and Larnach, South Gate 

Lovet and Possy. Mandamar 
Lowe, C. B., Burrun 
„ Moolangan 
„ Sandy creek 

,, Yalcogrin 
Lowe, Major, Bundemar creek 

Lowe, Robert, Geralgambone 
Pretty plains 

Lowe, William, Bolaro 
Lowther and Griffiths, Shaking bog 

Lucas, Samuel, Countigany 
Lunn, G., Bundy 
Lupton, John, Berrembeel 
Lynch, Andrew, Cucumgilliga 
,, Cocomingla 
Lynch, John, Mogemul 
Lynch, Robert, Mungiligimila 



Macanish, W., 
M'Bain and Ronald, 
M'Bean, Alexander, 
M'Bean, Lachlan, 



Jugeyong 
Toogoombie 
Wee jasper 
Woorooma 
Windouran (C) 
M'Carthy, Rev. Timothy, Tiara 
M'Connel, James, Yallock 
M'Cormack, Henry 0., Stony hills 

M'Culloch, A. H., Duck creek 



654 



Tlie New South Wales Gazetteer. 



[Index 



M'Cullocli, A. H., 
M'Cullocli and Sellar, 



M'Cullum, A., 
M'Cullocli, Thomas, 
M 'Donald, Angus, 

M 'Donald, Colin, 
M 'Donald and Campbell, 
McDonald and Smith, 

Macdonald, J. W. J., 

M 'Donald, Bawdon, 

M 'Donald, Robert, 



M'Donnell, George, 

M'Dougall, J. F., 
M'Evoy, James, 



Triangle, 1 
* Collingully 
Minitawa 
Narrowa 
Uranguinty 
Turlee 
Obilla 
Cryon 
Mohawk 
Cowradigby 
Burrangandra 
Emu creek 
Enropambela 
Bogan, E. back 
Urogaro 
Endowrie 
Ulumbarella 
Bulgaria 
Cumbil 
Dunwarian 
Murrumbough 
Sandy creek 
Upper Dunwarian 
Gooroomyragong 
Murglebale 
Tucka-Tucka 
Moonanooncuma 
Woolendiby 
Woolondool 
M'Farlane and McDonald, Mallee cliffs 
M'Farlane, Peter, Poringi 
M'Gregor, Alexander, Brogo 
, , Bundilla 
,, Bundilla, New 

,, Cowl Muroryan 

, , Corrodgery 
,, Merrigal 
, , Merygal Marthawguy 

M'Gregor, Peter, Weinterya 
,, Woorugie plain 

M'Guffin, John, Mowless gully 

M'Guiggan, George, New Kirban 

M'Guigan, John, Norongo 
M'Guigan, Mrs. E., Biddi 
M'Guigan, Patrick, Stockyard flat 

Machardy, M. C, Frazer's creek 

M'Innes, Finlay, Narrowan 
M'Intosh and Oakes, Mugga swamp 
West Bland 

Mackintosh, John, Dunlop outer 

,, Dunlop's, S.W. back 

,, Mere outer 

Warrego, 4 to 16 
,, Warrego, W., 1 to 5 

M'Intyre, Mary, Byron plains 

Gyra 

,, Waterloo 
Mackay and Cobb, Wild cattle creek 
M'Kay, Alexander, Marool creek 

M'Kay, Donald, Wallendaby 
M'Kay, G. E., Bogerie, E. (A) 

,, Doradilla 



M'Kay, John, 
M'Keachnie, Charles, 
» j 

M'Kenzie, Colin, 



M'Kenzie, Donald, 



M'Kay, G. E., Marona 
,, Mialora 
,, Nangunia 
,, Triangular plain 

Warmatta 
Curracabundi 
• Booroomba 
Gudgengil 
Booranibirra, W. 
Burrandown 
Erinbri 
Kiengal 
Wangen 
Yarrangal, W. 

Araal 
Bungollow, 1 
,, Mount Dispersion, N.E. 

M 'Kenzie, J ames, Cope's creek 

M'Killop, Duncan, Geary 
, , Wambangalong 
M'Laurin and sons, Billabong 
, , Connallo 
, , Derrulamein 
, , Morocco 
M'Lean, A. and W., jun., Pooliee 
M'Lean and Cowan, Comblebung 
M'Lean, J., Bucker, 1 

,, Gerilambone 
,, Gerwa 
, , Mungabumbone 
M'Lean, John Donald, Merrinba 
,, Merry 
,, New Bundilla 

, , New Thedadgen 

,, Noonbah 
M'Lean, William, Bungalong 
,, Burrawonna 
,, Mulloljana 
,, Urutah 
Yartla 

M'Leay and Clarke, Ugoble 
Macleay and Cobb, Giro flat 

Macleay, G. , Singorambah (Longanmain) 
Macleay and Taylor, Birie, 1 

,, Bogeria 

„ Clear Water, W. 

Kelly, 1 to 4 

, , Pelican ponds 

, , Stony ridge, 1 to 4 

Macleay, Taylor, and Co., Bogeria, E. 

, , Stony ridge, outer, W. and E. 
Macleay, Little, and Co., Bend 

,, Papperton, back 

M'LeocL J., Barrara 

,, Gumpanoola, E. 

Mythes 

M 'Linen, John, Cardington 
M 'Master, D. and J., Binna 
,, Greenbar creek 

,, Honeysuckle 
TJlindar creek 
Woatalaba 



Index] 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



655 



M'Micking, Robert, Manners 
M 'Millan, Franklin, Thononga, lower, N. 
M'Millan, John, Oregong 
M'Maugh, J., Elsineur 
M'MuUen, J. F., Booligal 
Jereelrnmbie, 6, 7, and 10 
-M'Namara, Brian, Meroomerootherie 
M'Namara, Thomas, Carinda 
,, Head of Gilmore creek 

M'Naugh, C, Peedee creek 

M'Nevin, John, Myall, Cowal 

M'Phail, Donald, Buckinguy 
M'Phillamy, Charles, Beckernbeenie 
,, Billarbigal 
„ Terramangamie 

Troy 

,, Tunberry Bungan 

M'Phillamy, John, Draggy 
Forest Camp 
Outlet 
The Oaks 

M'Phillamy, Robert, Bunbundaloo 
,, Nooary (Nurea) 

,, Wamerawa 
, , Weribiddle 
.,, Werrigal 
M'Rae, Donald, Calparlin 
,, Netallie 
,, Bonley 
M'Rae and Sheridan, Mowlurah 
,, Willaaga 
M'Reahim, Charles, Orrorall 
M'Viccars, Archibald, Boomley 
Maguire and Hall, Sandy creek 

Maboney and Smith, Big Badger 

Mallon, John, Mericombene 
Maley, A., (executors of) Nimmo 
Mandelson, Levi, Jeremiah 
,, Yarrangobilly, N. 

Manifie, Wm., Effluence, 4 

Maloney, P. , Stony creek 

Manning, Sir W. M. & Mort, T. S., 

[Stockyard 

,, Tuamba 
,, Yaclama 

Manton, C, Yancorinna creek, N. & S. 

Marina, Carlo, Benduck Murrel 

Mapperty 

Martel, F., Camp Hole on Boburdanell 
,, Dandaloo 
Nine-mile Waterhole 
,, Tabratong, W., back 

Tyrie 

,, Yarrandidgen 
Marsden, James R., Billabong, 2 

, , Mungo 
Marsh, M. H., Bowrolong 

Maryland 

,, Salisbury 
Mason, John, Grogan creek 

Mason, R. B., Moama (M to V) 

Mate, F. H., Yanko, E. 



Mate, H. T., Tumbarumba 
,, Umutbee and Tongu 

Mathieson, Sir Jas., Aston 
,, Cotalinyong 
,, Menagong 
,, Wallendbeen 
Matthews, Pearce, Howlong 
Mayne, Robert, Rankin's hill, E. 3 and 4 
Majoie, William C, Paika 
, , Yarrowal 
Maxwell, John, Narragal 
Mendelson, N., Camblowdonga 
Mein, G. A. and P., Burrawang 
,, Moolpa 
,, Moulamein (A and B) 

MehofFey, James, Salmagundra 
Millar and Dickson, Holmwood 
Miller, Hon. Henry, Bringeree 
Currabungamu, N. 
, , Mootwingee 
,, Noonthorangee 
,, Tom's lake 

,, Woraro 
Miller, Joseph, Brogandillon 
,, Direngabal 
Giggingholes 
,, Manna 
Mineham, Daniel, Bowning 
Mitchell, Th., Womargama 
Mitchell, Zeal, & Martin, Mowramba, 1 

[and 2 

Moffitt, Thomas, Bunna-Bunna 
MofFatt, Thos. Dr. S., Marule springs 
Montague, A., Numeralla 
Montefiore and Graham, Bungania 
Montefiore, Jacob L., Coonabarabran 
Moore, E. L. , Overall plains 

,, Wallaby 
Moore, John, Windooran (A and B) 
Moore, William, Wallaby (A) 

Morehead and Young, Arrarownie 
,, Babinda 
,, Bogan, E., 2 

Bogan, W., 4 
,, Boru 
, , Bumble and Gurley 

, , Bullumbulla 
,, Cookamunboin 
,, Enlagilma 
Duck creek, 16 
, , Geveroo 
, , Lismore 
More Devil 

,, North Millie 

,, Pange, N. 

,, Texas 
, , Woodenbong 
Morgan, John, Wonominta creek 

Morrice, John, Mullangandra 
Morris and Blackman, Giginbilla, New 
Morris, John, Goralyanbeth 
Morris, Thomas L., Bundaburra, New 



656 



The New South 



Wales Gazetteer. 



[Index 



Morris, William, Ashantee 
, , Culmier 
,, Winterbourne 
Morse and Brothers, Abingdon 
Morse and Towle, Balabla 
Mort, Cameron, & Buchanan, 

[Berewomainia 
Bull 

, , Buroburgate 
,, Burro wnga 

Byong 
Byong, S. 
Charley's yard 
Derriwong 

,, Gillintine and Gabondry 

, , Gobagomlin 
,, Kurrajong hill 

,, Menwonga 
,, Moonbill, 9 

, , Mulguthrie 
, , Sebastopol 
,, Tibirenah 
, , The island 

Tooyal 
Wallah 

Mort, Thomas S., Boggibrie 
Moses, Joseph, Bald hills 

, , Maharatta 
Moulder, Joseph, Dundoo 
,, Euebolong 
„ . Guyong 

, , Moulamain 
,, Yaddra 
Mould, J. Younge, Buckenderry 
Mulholland, William, Stony creek 

Munroe, Alexander, Tariaro 
,, Woolabra 
Munro, Donald, Croppa creek 

, , Keera 
Munro, G., Denman 
Murphy, John, Kybean 
Murphy, Miles, Arramagong 



Murray, Andrew, 
Murray, Mrs. M., 
Murray, Peter, 



Murray, Bobert, 
Murrell and M'Allum, 
Myers, James Crawford, 



N. 



Napier, Bobert, 



Canowly 
Currianga 
Bygoloree 
Gulgo 
Milbey 
Harming 
Pound, The 
Ulloiie 



Battery, The 
Boonaldoon 
Boyde 
Bullerawa 
Cumbadello 
Ginenbuen 
Koreelah 
Matong 
Moree 



Napier, Bobert, 



Nash, William, 



Numbla 
Pallal 
Tyreel 
Warrigal 
Gall-Gall, S. 
Mythis (B) 
Paringi, W., (A) 
Panban, W., (A & B) 
Turlee 

Neale, John Thomas, Budgeong 
, , Broken plains 

,, Bucker, 2 

,, Coonamble, opposite 

, , Coombara 
Carwell, 2 

, , Carwell 
, , Kileerar 
, , Marthauguy 
, , New Wallanine 

, , Quonmoona 
, , Willary 
Neale, Henry Thos., Tooloomogo 
,, Wallanani 
, , Yooloomoga 
Neale, Thos., jun., Tooloom 
Neil, Angus, Meadows 
Newcombe, Mrs. E. Jane, Muggarieback 
Newcofmen, H., Birben 
,, Barungeel 
,, Muggarie back 

Newell, James, Bandon 
Newly, Bickard, & Sons, Paddy's Land 
Newman, Henry B. , Milihomi 

Piliga 

Newtome and M'Evoy, Archer's flat 
Newton, Kent, and Bulman, Cooplacupla 

, , Trinkey 
Neville, Thomas, Mickey Gunegal 

Nicholson, John, Dundundera 
Nicholson, J. and H. A., M'Leay's flat 
Nicholson, John, jun., Boggy creek 

,, Little plain 

Nicoll, Thomas, Kangaroo hills 

Nevison, Abraham, Cougi 

, , Ohio 
Nixon, Bobert, Gredadoo (Tyrong) 

Nowland, William, Ward's Mistake 
Nowlan, John Bobinson, Boonang 



Oakes and Josephson, Ban-Ban (Canalga) 

, , Killawarreenah 

,, Mullar 

,, Warran 

O'Brien, Cornelius, Bendinne 

O'Brien, William, Bygoo 

, , Gundibendal 

O'Donohue, Patrick, Gandymungydell 

,, Tamarybundy 

Officer, H. S., Malool 

,, Murray downs 

Officer, Wm., North Morago 



657 



Officer, Wm. , 
Ogilvie, E. D. and S., 
Ogilvie, Mrs. Mary, 
Ogilvie, Mrs. M. & E. W. 

Ogilvie, W. and E. D., 
O'Grady, M., 
O'Hare, James, 



Salt plains 
Fairfield 
Tariela 
D., Yulgibar, 
[E. 
Cattle 
Booroomugga 
Currowong 
Tombong 

O'Mara, Timothy, Bobunclara 
O'Mullen, B. , Willerie and Blowman 
, , Yamba-Yamba 
O'Neill and Edgehill, M mdenaddery 
O'Neill, Patrick, ikickenderry 
Onus, Benson, & Onus, Kannarbra, S. 
Onus, Joseph, Therilbry 
Onus, Thomas, Ballanbillan 
O'Rourke, David, Coolooman 
Orr, Ebenezer, Birie, 2 

, , Boree 
Keinrebeere, E. 
Orr, James and Ebenezer, Douaboli 
,, Yaminginbah 
Osborne & Leitch, Arojel (Old Man's ck.) 

,, Berry Jerry 

Osborne, Benjamin M., Long point 

Osborne Brothers, Brookong 
, , Weegarabibily 
,, Urana (Burroogong) 

,, Urangeline 
Osborne, J. and H., Bnckahinga 
,, Butt plain 

,, Oowpasture 
. , Gereldery 
,, Coin mbo creek 

, , Lalatte 
, , Mom a 1 ong plains 

,, Moomalong plains, S. 

,, Sawyer s mistake 

,, Warrangobogra 
O' Sullivan, D. and S., Bogago 
,, Boorambil 
,, Boorcebil 
,, Brinbalingal 
,, Cargelligo 
,, Gormau's hill, N. 

,, i Maria's lake 

,, Naradhan, E. and N. 

Wilga 

,, Wooyeo 
,, Ubbalong 
Owens, Edwards, Hyandra, W. 



P. 



Page, Jude, 
Palgrave and Bigge, 

55 

Palmer, G. and J. 



Corah 
Bogan, 15 
Collarendie 
Limestone plains 
,, Trundle lagoon 

Palmer, Geo., Weridgera 
Palmer, Murphy, & Henty, 

[Thilungarin, E. 



Palmer, Murphy, & Henty, Matanong 

plains 

,, Waljeers plains 

Panton and Otway, Burrurangel 
,, Byngnano plains 

,, Fort Otway 

,, Mount Dawberry 

, , Panpara 
Pappin and Sons, Red plains 

Parbury, C. and G. W., Sandilands' 
Parbury and Lamb, Callerinoi 
, , Narrowin 
Pardy and Lyons, Collnoey lagoon 

Park, Edward, Guy Fawkes 

Parker, Hugh, Melrose plains, (A to G) 
Parker, L. and. J. A., Gunning 
Parnell, Charles, Bundinbarima 

Giggen 

,, Ginge 
, , Wylerie 
, , Wheeleereen 
, , Willoi back 

,, Ulowrie back 

Parnell, James W., Wallabadah 
Parnell, Mrs. E., Willoree 
Parnell, Thos., Burrell 
,, Wyabray 
,, Tulcumbah 
,, Ulowrie 
Willoi 

Parry and Moroney, Coolegong 
Paterson, John and A. B., Buckinban 

,, Carra creek 

,, Tirinee (or Gasthong) 

Patterson, J. J., and A., Illalong 

, , Kuriong 
Patterson, Robert, Billybong back 

,, Puckaiwidgee 
Pearce, J., Gorian 

,, Pockataroo 
Pearse, Joseph, Birroo 

,, Colymmagool 

Kelo 

, , Wirrir 
Pearson, Chas., Sandy creek 

Pearson, E. and Charles, Wagga-Wagga 
Peate and Reid, Gillagunia 

, , Yankerboon 
Peberdy, Wm., Drumdelang 

, , Rainigatabah 

, , Yarrawell 
Pendergast & Barry, J., Moonbar 
Pendergast, John, Cottage creek 

Penser and Gardiner, Bogan 
Pension, William, Oakwood 
Perks, Charles, Talbratong lower 

Perrott, J., Tyingham 
Perry, G. M. and A. , Cuthowarra 

, , Woytchugga 
Perry, Mary, Back creek 

,, Marebone 

,, Tongamba 



G58 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



[Index 



Perry, Thomas 
Peter, John, 



Bendeineer j 
Bungerra j 

Bowna 
Binagong I 
Colkamimiiiiman 
Culpataro 
Banandra 
Gumby-Gumby 
Goree 
Lake Wal jeers 
Margaro 
Ten-Mile plains 
Nattue 
Yanko 
Yarrabeen 
Waljeers, N. 
Uroly 
Ugobbitt 
Baylit's 
Bungarby 
Back plain 
Brown's springs 
Koto, N.E. 
Whoey, outer back 
Eastern Tarcoola 
Letheroe 
Pooncaree 
Tarcoola 
Panban 
W. Thalungarin 
Albemarle 
Henley 

, , Talyawalka 
,, Tarcoola, out, back (A & B) 

Phillips and Besnard, Wyolong 
Phillips, Hngh Miles, Gnapa, 1 & 2 
Phillips, Thomas, Berchen lagoons 

Picketson, Henry, Manee 
Pierce, John, Gri-Grik 
Pile, James, Cuthroe, onter 

, , Kilon 
WiUotia 

,, Wallara, outer 

,, Yaltolka 
Pinnock, George, Dulkuntj'' back 

Pitt and Sullivan, Gunningbate 
,, Gangary 
,, Nelson 
,, Salisbury plains (D) 

, , Wanimerawah 
Pittman and Stonesheet, Burdenda 
, , Cuddaldary 
Pittman, W. J., Albert waterhole 

Post, John, Cookardinia 
Powell, G. R., Matildadale 
Power and Davenport, Bald hill 

,, Burthong, 1 

JoUingyong 

, , Munimbla 
,, Tararie 
,, Wallindale 
,, Windoomul 1 



Peters, Joseph, 

Peterson and Sargood, 
Petrie, Keith, 



Phelps and Leckey, 
»> 

5 ? 
? » 

Phelps, Joseph, 
Phelps, Joseph, jun., 



Power, Power, & Ainslee, N. Wardry 

Power, Thomas, Gulgo 

Pring, John, Crowther creek 

, , Illunie 

,, Narra Allen 

,, Wedgagullong 
Pringle, Robert, Bubbogullian, N. & S. 

, , Retreat 

Prisk, P., Glen Barnett 

Pritchard, William, Tomarah 

Purtell and Dalton, Mountain creek 

,, Ten-mile creek 

Pullemy and Mein Winter run 



Quin, Patrick, 



Burgaroll 
Glen Quin 
Toloduna 
Wee-Waa 



Radford, John, Cattle waterhole 

Raine, B. J., Hermitage (W) 

Ramsay, D., Bellingeramble (Duckama) 
, , Lucaboo 
,, Malagadery springs 

, , Merrimerrwia 
,, Moral, lower 

,, Thollolaboy and Tellalaboy 

,, Wogonga, back 

, , Wagonga 
Ramsay, David, jun., Breelong, New 
,, Gidginboyne 
Ramsay, R. and J., Boreegery 
Rand, Robert, Triangle 
Rankin, Angus, Native Dog flat 

Rankin, J. G. R. and A., Ballandry 
,, Bingar, 1 

, , Bumbowlee 
,, Tubbeta 
Rawsthorne, James, Brogan, back 

,, Melpose 
Ray and Angel, Uardry 
Ray, William, Bullamong, back 

,, Scrub 
Readford, Jas., Bogan, W., 7, 19, and 20 

Tolma 

, , Gunnengadra 

,, Lankey's plains (Duck holes) 

Readford, J. E. J. & J., Cattle waterhole, S. 
Read, Nicholas, Cowell 

, , Wollongelong 
Real and Watson, A., Green hills 

Reane, Patrick, Moony-Moony 
Reardon, Jeremiah, Ballagalar 

,, Bimble 
Reeves, R. and J., Narran 
Reid and Curtis, Clear hill 

Reid and Marsh, Acacia creek 

Reid and Richards, Ugalong 
Reid Brothers, Wanibah 

,, Tyndiam 



Index] The New South 



Wales Gazetteer. 



659 



Reighlan, T. and J. , 
Reynolds, George, 
Reynolds, Mrs. Amelia B. , 
Rhodes, William, 
Riall, William, 
Richards, Benjamin, 



Richards, Mary, 
Richards, William, 
Richardson, A. A., 
Richardson, A. H., 



Reid Brothers, Tuprong back plains 
,, Underthee 
Reid, David, Menderie 
, , Uncanna' 
Reid, W. L. & T., Bogan, W. (21, 22, & 30) 
, , Boliva 
, , Gunpanoola 
, , Huco 
, , Gunpougulla 
,, Gall-Gall range 

,, Malingah (Yenda) 

, , Mourte 
, , Prenlla 
, , Porcupine 
Toorincaca 
Dudal Cooma 
Tooloor 
Mooki 
Curldural 
Four-mile creek 
Burgon, 4 
Collewaray 
Thoolo, 3 
Yaraldool 
Opossum point 
Ugolo 
Tourable 
Centre brook, 1 to 3 
Galwary 
Frazer's creek 
Walgett 
Hobbingrah (Mangwell) 
Goimbla 
King's plains 
Manila minor 
Willondra 
New valley 
Popilta 
Pagan plains 
Pine scrub 
Singapore 
Thalaba 
Yorrie 

Richardson and Wrench, Barraneal 
Boomangabah, S. 
Coonghan 
Narran water 
Spring's 
Tory Wee-Waa 
N. , Bookookoorara 
R. , Degilah 
R. M. , Bundy Bundally 
Mandoran 
Yarrow 

T. L., Ballaree 
William W., Bogan, W., 6 
, , Womboin 
Ricketson, H. , Kirrabiri 
Yarballa, W. 

Ridge, Richard, Bumba 
Hermitage, E. 
, , Coper 



Richardson, 
Richardson, 
Richardson, 



Richardson, 
Richardson, 



Ridge, Richard, 
Rigney, James, 
Robb, W. S., 
Roberts, James, 
Roberts, Robert, 
Robertson and Landale, 

Robertson, James, 
Robertson, Robert, 
Robertson, R. R. C., 
Robertson, Thomas, 
Robertson, William, 



Robinson and Armstrong, 
Robinson, T. L. and Sons, 
Robinson, W. J., 
Roche, John, 
Roche, Patrick, 
Rodgers, William, 
Rolfe, Joseph, 



Willee 
Guy Fawkes 
Bogan, W., 13 
Currawang 
Willibilla 
Moulamein 
Oak forest 
Bunalbo 
Neebel 
Wellington vale 
Woolgarlo 
Lanark lodge 



Yarrara 
Hungandra 
Coppabella 
Meadows 
Chidowla, 2 
Morven 
Dog kennel 

, , Janmongee 
Rollins and Murchinson, Yathong, S. 
Ronald and M'Bain, Toogoombie, (A& B) 
Rossiter, Thomas B., Gunnee 
Ross and M'Cullen, Lette, Upper 

Ross and Ramsay, James, Narrow plain 
Ross, William, Bidura 

Caringy 
Dilga 

,, Lette, Lower 

, , Meilwan 
Willilbar 

, , Toylambool 
Rotton, Henry, Gungalman 
Rourke and Delaney, Adicumbene 
Rourke, Henry, Dungalier 
Rourke, Thomas, Bolero, 3 

, , Currangorambla 
Rouse, Edward, Murkadool 
, , Tarraconangadgello 
Rouse, Edwin, Wambandry 
,, Urobuerah 
Rouse, E. and G., Manila 
Rouse, George, Bearbong 
, , Bone-Bone 
,, Bone creek 

, , Ganbee-Ganbee 
, , Gilendoon 
Gillinghall 

, , Kerbin 
,, Molyan Manning 

, , Narraway 
,, Tenandri 
,, Uronbong 
Rudd and Jackson, Piney range 

,, Piney sand hills 

Rudd, James, Wogongoboramby 
Rudd, William, Carrep 
, , Howlong 
Rundle and Parsons, Ningear 
Rundle, J. B., Bulgogar 
, , Bungaldi 
,, Bullerawa 



6 GO 



Wales Gazetteer. 



[Index 



Rusden, Francis, 
Rusden, F. T., 
Rusden, T. G., 
Rush, Arthur, 
Russell, W. and J. W. 



Run die, J. B., Bullulivi 
, , Belar 
,, Berry abar, S. 

, , Coonamoona 
, , Derringulla 
',, Coomanoona back 

, , Cooanirnan 
,, East Cumble 

, , Gerawa 
,, Eato 
, , Keppit 
, , Wambadale 
, , Milchomi 
Walla-Walla 
, , Wetalabar 
Talluba 

,, Upper Cumble 

Wan gen, N. 
Berrary 
Lindesay 
Shannon vale 
Geekle 
Blue nobby 

, , Eena 
,, Wallangra 
Russell, William, Cubmura 
Russell, Mary, Long plain 

Rutherford, William, Marinumbla 
Ryan and Conlan, Yarra 
Ryan & Hammond, Growl creek, 8, 9, & 10 
,, Walker's 22 camp 

Ryan, Charles, Kilfera block (A to 2) 
Ryan, Edward, Bunthon 
, , Geraldra 
' , , Jallong 
, , Mibba 
Ryan, James, Glenroy 
,, Little Tindery 

, , Spring mount 

Ryan, Jeremiah, Junction 
Ryan, John Nagle, Gun gew alia 

Ryan, Michael, Breakfast creek 

Ryan, Mrs., Reedy creek 

Ryan, Thomas, Taloumba 
Ryan, Edward, Nubba 
Ryne, J. C. and David, Burnima 
Ryrie and Alexander, Boro 
,, Cowell Mary ami 

, , Centrebit 
, , Cookandoon 
, , Cookermudgerin 
. , Daroble 
, , Dooran 
, , Gobabla 
, , Eromedah 
, , Enawoona 
, , Euronedah 
, , Mount park 

, , Nevertire 
,, Onebobly, new 

Walla- Walla 
Wemobah 



Ryrie and Alexander, Wiragai 

, , Wombobby 

Ryrie Brothers, Hermitage plains (Y) 

* ,, Micilago Maneroo 

Ryrie, Donald, Kalkite 

,, Snow vale 

,, Tindery's 

Ryrie, J. C, Cathandrill 



Salomon, Emanuel, Spring creek 

Salting, S. K. Bonyeo 
, , Cullingo 
, , Cunbawarra 
,, Cunningham creek 

,, Demondrille 
Salway, Herbert, Yesabba 
Salway, Wauch, and Wauch, Dungee 
Saner, Henry, Nulla-Nulla creek 

Sawyer and Armour, Ironbong 
Sawyer and Deane, Mount Adra 

Scarr, Mrs. Ann, Marengo 
Scholes, Joseph, jun., Guyra, W. 

Scott, James H., Tooloom 
Scott, James, Arumpo 

Birrie 

, , Bullamong 
,, Buragy 
, , Bulabula 
,, Glenmorrison 
,, Salt Lake run 

, , Surveyor ' s creek 

, , Tarangara 
,, Tubrigo 
Scott, James, jun., Jelliogerry 
, , Parra 
Scott, John, Aberbaldie 
Searle, R., Yerrabandini 
Seymour, Denman, Tucalan creek 

Shanahan, Martin, Warbrecan 
Shanley, James, Guddygat creek 

Shannon and Ryan, Slieve-na-mon 
Sharp, J. B. , Green hills 

Sheahan, John P., Bendarlo 
Sheahan, J. P. and Mrs. A. , Nanangro 
Shea, Peter, St. Cloud 

Shelly, Mrs. Amelia M., Tumut 
Shepherd, Isaac, Beanport 
, , Boberoy 
, , Colleroy 
Enabulong, outer 
,, Guagong 
Whoey 

Shepherd, Isaac, jun., Enabalong (A) 
5 , Erebindery 
Meldior 

Silk, Joseph Walpole, Square range 

Silk, Mrs. M. , Boco creek 

Simmons and Murphy, Piney range 

Simmons, W., Barmedman 
Simms and Knox, Tungo, N. and S. 
Simpson, J. M., Lay green, N. 



Index] 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



661 



Simpson, P. P., 
Single, John, 



Trigamon 
Curraweenar 
Merrere back, E. 
Muckerawea 
Cagildool 
Tillarago 
Summer hill 
Boobadil 
Glenken 



Single, Joseph, 

Single, Joseph D., 

Single, Mrs. Sarah, 

Sivil, James, 

Sloane and Spiro, 

Sloane, Spiro, and Jeffrey, Golgaloor 
„ Kentucky 
,, Mulwhaley 

Sloman, Thomas M. , Cagildry, Back E. 

Keenan's corner 
,, Flanagan's swamp 

Small, Thomas, jun., Maryville 

Smith and Baker, Laura 

Smith and Beid East Pori 

,, Dilkoosa 
,, Tallandra 
,, Yungnulgra plains 

, , Waltragalda 

Smith, George, Cart well (Co well) 

Narraba 

,, Narama back 

Smith, Henry, Callaghan 
Cheviot Hills, N. 
, , Pilligawarma 

Molle 

Smith, John, Boree Carbonne 

,, Gwyra, E. 

,, Gamboola. 
,, Woolla-Woolla back 

, , Toogong 

Smith, John Thos. , Boorandara, 2 

,, Gumhall 
,, Woolla-Woolla back 

,, Tindayery (Merrere back) 

, , Waallawalla 

Smith, Joseph, Barenose 
, , Chance 
, , Burramagaa 
, , Caltigema 
, , Calcoo 
, , Dunoon 
,, Gurroogaa 
, , Merriwa 
, , Burramagaa 
, , Goonalgaa 
, , Kilmum 
,, Keiss 
,, Uanunoo 
, , . Wangalaroo 

Warragoodiana 
,, Warranary, S. and W. 

Smith, J. S., Bullock creek 

, , Merrere 
, , Moquilaniba 

Smith, Norton, Cheviot hills, S. 

Smith, T. A., Gumhall back 

,, Iandra back 

,, Man wane a back 



Smith, T. A., Moodana 

Smith, Thomas, Woolla-Woolla back 

Smith, William, Long fiat 

Smith, W. K., Darbalara 

, , Jeremiah 

Smith, W. P., Adjenbilly (Bogong) 

Smith, W. and C, Mumbedbone 

Small, John Frederick, Sommerville 

Small, W. , Quiarigo 

Smellie, Thomas, Burrowa 

Solomon, Emanuel, Bago 
Southern Ins. Co., Melbourne, Headford 

Sparke, Ed. G., Extremely 1 back 

Sparke, Edward, Plumbolah, 1 & 2 

Spencer, Charles, Klybucca 

Spencer, Messrs. Ironbark creek 

Sproule and Harris, The Pock 

Staughton, Brothers, Minden 

Manara 

, , Terryaweynya 

, , Werimbela 

Stephens, Ann, Numerella 

Stevenson, John, Bondi 

,, Dunnykynine 

Stewart, Andrew, Taylor's flat 

, , Tervine 

Stewart and Zett, Gulthul 

, , Mundonah 

Stewart, J., Maipora (Manfred) 

Stewart, Pyrie, jun., Jyndabyne, E. 

Stinson, John, Keandra creek 

Stitt, Mrs. James, Pimbanda 

Stokes, F. M., Fryingpan creek 

Stone, Thomas, Gorman's hill, W. 

Strachan, James, Berambah 

Strachan, John, Maracket 

Strachan, Pobert, Coubal 

, , Cowmerton 

, , Cunnycudlong 

,, Wulbundunga 

Strathorne, John, Barradadean 

,, Durouble 

, , Gradell 
,, Fifteen-mile water hole 

,, Wando Wandong 

Stratford, F. A., Bald hills 

Street, P. and A. , Condoobolin 
,, Emu plains (Murdoa) 

Strettle, A., Effluence, 3 
Strettle, W. , Hermitage plains, block (S) 

Strickland, Josiah, Bunbaburra 

,, Weelong 

, , Yerra- Yerra 

Stuckey, J. Peter, Methonna 

Stuckey, Mrs. A., Willie Ploura 

Sullivan, Patrick, Billebungbone back 

, , Willy bingbone 

Sullivan, Philip, Milbera 

,, Pocky river 

Sullivan, Thomas, Barradoon 

,, Culdgiloric, lower 

Suttor, Andrew, Butha-Butha, 4 



662 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



[Index 



Suttor, Andrew, 
Suttor and Bowler, 

Suttor, J. B., 



Suttor, W. H. 



Swain, S. and G., 
Sweeny Brothers, 
Sweeny, James, 
Sweeny, J. and D. 



Warramatty, W. 

Enoch's 
Walla-Walla 
Boy Beyan 
Cainbigingi 
Thonoga outer 
Wealbah (D) 
Toonianbill 
Boranibel 
Bolamble 
Budda 

Butha-Butha, 1 and 3 
Cain 

Effluence, 1 and 2 
Merry 
Merry, outer 
Mary-Mary 
Wallandra 
Outer, Walendra 
Wallandra 
Wallaniundry 
Wallaroy 
Weelong 
Banger's valley 
Blowclear, 2 
Wintervale 
Ganowlia 
Mungolia 
Wealba, (A, B, C) 
Wheabah 



Taber, Chapman, ami Huon, Butherwah 
Tailby, George, Eringannering 
,, Gullaragambean 
,, Merry- Merry creek 

Tandall, C. J. and F., Bamornie 
Tarlington, W. D., Bredbatowra 
, , Narira 
,, Katchencarry and Brogan 

,, Wandella 
Burrabogid, (A and B) 
Wulberygong, (A and B) 



Taylor, F., 
Taylor, William, 



Boomiaricool 
Garnpong 
North Abbotsford 
Mundonah 
Tarcoolo, (A) 
Terrible vale 
Duggem's Carilla 
Merry - Merrigal 
Clerwa 
Lindsay 
Saumarez 
Bartley's creek 
Myall, back camp 
Wallaba 

Thompson, James, Cobbon 
Thompson, Bald George, Kars 
Thomson, F. A. , Wyolong upper 

Thorald and Tisdall, Bungindear plains 
,, Cowga 



Taylor, W. T., 
Tertius and West, 
Tertius, J., 
Thomas, Eliz. and James, 
Thomas, H. A., 

Thomas, Tom., 
Thompson & Stewart, 



Thorald and Tisdall, 
Thorald, R. H., 



Thornton, Morgan, 
Thorsby and Lewis, 
Thurban and Parker, 
TindaU, C. G., 
Tindall, James, 
Tivey, Samuel, 
Tom, William, 



Tom, William, jun., 
Tooth, Edw., 

5 J 

Tooth, Bobert and Edwin, 
Tooth, Bobert, 



Town, John, 



Towns, Stewart, 



Teriaboba back 
Teriabola 
Yamboor 
Square range 
Rushy Glass flat 
Good-Good 
Newton Boyd 
Nimmitibel 
Moles' 
Gummall 
Narrawah 
Weere 
Wallandra 
Gogeldric, N. 
Aunlong, N. 
Kameruka 
Bega 
Cuba 
Double creek 
Wyangun 
Ulong 
Bigleather, W. 
Bumarba, N. 
Milkengowrie 
Mungi waterhole 
Turawa (Dendeerma) 
Warren 
Forlonge, Brymedura 
[and Manildra 
,, Garra-Garra Myrang 

, , Manildra 
Towns, W. and Andrew, Bald hills 

, , Bomera 
,, Boobala creek (Yalerman) 

, , Tarrawinda 
Tracy, T. and J., Kyder 
Trail, Clive and Hamilton, Phillip's creek 
Trudgett, Robert, Colonal 
,, Weeli, W., lower 

Trust and Agency Co., Kirabare 
, , Murrumma 
, , Mulberygong 
Nyingay 
Rufus, E. 
Scrub. 2 to 10 
Tara 

,, Puon Buon 

, , Tamudgerie 
, , Yantaralla 
, , Westbrook 
West Rufus 

, , Wanna- Wanna 

Trust and Agricultural Co. of Australia, 

[Bald hill 

„ Billabong, 2 

, , Boratha 
5 , Burrobogie 
Telwalka 

Tuck, J. W. , Kiamba 
Turner and Chistian, Gil-Gil 
Twaddell, James, Darowbalgie 
Tyrrell, Rt. Rev. W., Bourah-Bourah creek 



Index] 



The New South Wales Gazetteer. 



663 



Tyrrell, Eight Bev. W 



Tyson, J. and W. 
Tyson, James, 



Tyson, Peter, 



Edgerton 
Bivertree 
Undercliff 
Geramy 
Coree 
Deniliquin 
Juanbong 
Koocombera 
Sahara 
Singoranibah (A) 
Tyson's 
Toopruck (Towpruck) 
Benilky 
Boomartbong 
Bulgarbrigerygara 
Cbonwa 
Culpaterong 
Culparlin 
Deniliquin, N. 
Dolmorere 
Kitcbo 
Til-Til 
Tarwonga 
Yelkeer 
Yhoul 



V. 



Valiant, Frederick, 

Veech, Micbael, 
Vincent and Morton, 
Vincent, Elizabeth, 

5 J 

Virgoe, W. Bichard, 



Cha Sing 
Upper junction 
Upper Quilbone 
Grubbin 
Mittagong 
Tollendool 
Booroobanilly 
Jerildery, S. 
Woonamurra 



w. 



Walker, Alexander, 
Walker and Cornish, 



WagstafF, T., Warraberry and St. Giles 
Walford and Sparke, Cumberderry 
,, Cumborab springs 

,, Gingi, back 

, , Ginger 
Goawin, The 
Bunglegumbie 
Coolie 
Tomanghill 
Trangi and Gowan 
Triangle 
Temoin 
Weemoobah 
Willydah and Temoin 
Younanglul 
Cangi 

,, Newbold grange 

Walker, Mrs. Bobina B., Baradine 
, , Biambil 
, , Coonamble 
Dilly-Dilly 

,, Curianawa 
,, Molembong 
,, Morambilla 



Walker, C. J. 



Walker, Mrs. Bobina B. , Monga Meton 
OldBiamble 
Bound Hills 

, , Wallangolong 

, , Wallambrawny 

, , Yarragrin 

,, Youlangra 

, , Yoolanory 

Walker, Thomas, Bangus 

, , Hamula 

, , Kyeamba 

, , Jillingroo 

Walker, W. G. Morella 

, , Mowen 

Wallace and King Cowaby 

, , Eurongoreena 

Wallace, Wm. , Kolkibitoo back 

Walbs, William, Conapaira 

,, Cooleman holes 
Kolkibertoo, S & W. 

, , Kitegora 

,, Merool creek 

,, Scrubby range 

Wallis, Bichard, Binbeyan 

Wall, Charles, Cacoparra, N. 

,, Euratha 
Walsh, Michael, Huaba 
, , Narrandarry. 
Walsh, Patrick, Kikemah 
Ward and Williams, Burrow- 
Ward, Charles, Cunningham creek 
Warden, Mrs. Elizabeth, Wambromurra 
Warren, Gilbert, Greenland 
Warne, John, Five-day creek 
, , Honnuna 
,, Stockyard creek 
, , Towgal 
Watkins, James, Blowclear 
Watson and Hewitt, Booroobanilly, E. 
,, Stranger's Betreat 
, , Westicombe 
Watt and Walker, Bunnawanna 
,, Milroy, N. 
, , Turee 
Watt and Young, Derra 
„ Goonel (Meroo) 
, , Weeweeharynga 
Watt and M 'Master, Kidgarback, (EtoW) 
Watt, J. B., BaUindean 
,, Erirah back, 1 & 2 
, , Erirah 2 back block 
,, Graham's valley 
, , Stonehenge 
,, Thully spring 
Watt, W. B., Bumbaldry 
,, Jumble plains (A to F) 
,, Mallyan 
Talbeatong, W. 
Watt, David, Carobingle 
,, Mowbla 
,, Mrangarill 
Wauchope, A., Moredun 



664 



The Neiv South Wales Gazetteer. 



[Index 



Weatkerhead, Alexander, 
Weaver, Blaxland, 
Webb, George, 
Webb, T. Gr. and E., 
Webb, Win., Fisher, 
Webster, William, 



Nangutta 
Kickerbill 
Tidbinbilla 

Billabong 
Brindabilla 

Savernaki 



Weiss, William, Nobby's lagoon 

Wellman, John C. , Barwarring 
,, Brundah 
, , Douglas 
Wentworth and Christie, see Christie 
[Wentworth 

West and Wells, Milong 
West, Henry, Gabramatta 
West, Joseph T., Bogia 

,, Geelong (Pine camp) 

West, J. T. M., jun., and J., Golagong 
West, Major J., Nanima 
West, T. H., Paddy's plains (Cudgolong) 
Weston, Mrs. Blanche, Gojarrick 
Wheatley, George, Bundigo 

, , Boorook 
White, E. and S., Merrj^bindinah 
White, James, Big bend 

,, Burrangong 

, , Cooraberrima 
Kigwigil, N. 

,, Narran, Back run, E. & W. 

, , Warrambool 
White, James H. & C, Tarridgory 

, , Bucklenbaa 

,, Turawindie 
White, F. H. C. and E. Bogeria 
White, J, F., H. C. and E., Booroomba 

Colly go 
Gillgi 

, , Ninmecotti 
,, Mureabun 
White, J. F. and H. C, Kigwigil 
,, Merijala 
,, Ulomogo 
White, J. and T., Bologamy Gullman 
White, Rev. Wm. Ed., Brewon 
,, Grandool 
Whitney, W. F., Hermitage plains, (A&Z) 
Whitty, John Charles Blowering, E. 
Wild and Wood, Geradjusee (Wheelah) 
Wilding, Thomas, Spring creek 

Wilkinson, James and John, Yellowin 
Willams, G. E. and W. , Bald hills (the 

[Gullen) 



Williams and Bootes, 
Williams, J. 



Carrabost 
Kuthi 
Willis 

Williams, J. G. S., . Cowradigby 

Wilson Brothers, Thurrowa 
Wilson, David, Glengariff, (E. to H.) 
Wilson, James, Burrangong 
,, Dora-Dora 
Wilson, J. C. and S., Coonong 
, , Yanko 
Windeyer, A., Deepwater 
Windeyer, John and W. C, Currajong 
,, Ironbark 
,, Mimosa 
,, Pine Tree 

, , Wantabadgery 
Wills, John Joseph, Ungleonde 
,, Upper Neinby 

Wood, John B., Cudgeguny country 
,, Native Dog creek 

Wood Bros. & Kirk, Wingi-Wingi Burt 
Wood Brothers, Wallandry 
Wood, George, New Gradgery 

Wood, Wild, and Kateen, Esperance 
Woodhouse, James, Popong 

Willis 

Woodhouse, Mrs. Ellen, Inchbyra 
Wren and De Sailly, Yanko, block A 
Wright, Charles, Bobudara 
,, Glenbog 
Wright, J. S., Boggi plains 

Thoco 

Wright, Wm. Henry, Kayrimnera 
, , Koorninbirry 
, , Minaley 
,, Wanaminta 

Wyndham, George, Bukulla 
,, Nullamanara 

Y. 

Brook 
Cobrannagy 
Elong-Elong 
Youl and Capel, Cowrallie, Far E. & W. 
Youl, Richard, Cowrallie 
„ Far West 

,, Kallara outer 

, , Ularara 
Young, George, Mallara 
Young and Morehead, Tala 
Yuille, William, Blake's creek 



Yabsley, William, 
Yeo, James, 



GIBBS, SHALLARD AND CO., PRINTERS, PITT STREET, SYDNEY. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



mine LISSET 




WHOLESALE, RETAIL, & EXPORT 

Begs to call attention to the following outline of the different 
departments of his business : 

MATERIALS FOR BLACKSMITHS AND WHEELWRIGHTS. 

Bar, rud, and sheet iron ; boiler plate, steel blocks, boxes, patent axles, springs, bolts, and nuts 

chains, traces, haimes, &c. 

MATERIALS FOR BUILDERS. 

■Galvanised tiles, corrugated iron and zinc for roofs, nails, wire, wrought, Ewbank's patent, <fec. ; 
locks, latches, bolts, hinges ; brass foundry in great variety ; a large assortment of handsome 
fitlii.gs, for superior houses, as well as for economical work. Parties building will find themselves 
compensated for time, spent in a visit to this department. 

MATERIALS FOR PAINTERS. 

"Colours in oil, white lead, oils, turps, varnishes, painters' and plasterers' brushes, window glass in 

boxes, putty, &c. 

MATERIALS FOR TINSMITHS. 

Tin, in sheet and block ; solder, kettle ears, wire, &c. 

ALL KINDS OF TOOLS. 

For Blacksmiths, Tinsmiths, Joiners, Coopers, Millwrights, Shipwrights, Saddlers, Engineers, 

Plumbers, Diggers, &c. 

FARM, GARDEN, AND VINEYARD IMPLEMENTS. 

Patent iron ploughs for bullocks or horses, grubbers, horse-hoes, harrows; all descriptions of spades, 
forks, rakes, hoes, harvest tools, corn-shellers, churns, corn-mills, chaff-cutting machines for hand 
or power, horse-works, &c. 

STATION SUPPLIES, 

"Sorby's sheep-shears, superior Scotch seaming twine, ruddle, bells, cattle brands made to order ; 
. . every article of ironmongery wanted on a station. 

FIREARMS, &c. 

Sportsmen and purchasers of firearms will do well to inspect the largest stock in the colonies of 
single and double barrel guns, duck guns, revolvers, carbines, and repeating rifles ; gunpowder, 
shot, caps, cartridges ; sportsmen's appliances, &c. ; blasting powder, fuze. 

SADDLERY. 

English and colonial saddles and bridles, buckles, stirrups, spurs, bits, girths, whips, and 
saddlers' fittings. 

PUMPS, 

Suction, force, deep well, engine, &c, with pipes fitted complete, if desired 

AMERICAN IMPORTS. 

A monthly shipment of axes, shovels, picks, lamps, stoves, and other articles in which American 
manufacturers excel, and selections of the most ingenious "Yankee Not'ons " 

FURNISHING IRONMONGERY, 

Englisn, American, and Scotch cooking stoves; superior Sheffield cutlery, spoons, forks, dish- 
covers, cruets, tea and breakfast services, tea-trays, urns, lamps, bedsteads, baths, toilet sets, &c, &c, 
and a really beautiful selection of statuettes, lastres, vases, Bohemian Glass, and general 

ornamental ware. 

FOR HOTELS, 

A class of goods is specially imported of extra strength and good appearance, and proprietors will 
find it to their interest to sort up or furnish from my stock. 



FREOEHi© LASSETTER, 

21 GEORGE STUBEST, 
NEAR THE MARKETS, SYDNEY. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



THE CITY BANK, 

SYDNEY. 

Incorporated by Act of the Legislature of New South Wales, and confirtned by 
Her Majesty in Council. 

PAID-UP CAPITAL, £200,000, 
WITH POWER TO INCREASE TO £500,000. 



girwtors : 

J. L. MONTEFIORE, Esq., Chairman. 
F. H. DANGAR, Esq. [ S. A. JOSEPH, Esq., M.L.A. 

W. HARBOTTLE, Esq. | T. C. BREILLAT, Esq. 

Debitors : 

O. B. EBSWORTH, Esq. | HENRY T. FOX, Esq. 

tamper: J. THOS. FORD, Esq. ^cwmttant: W. WOOLLEY, Esq. 

Solicitors : 
Messrs. BILLYARD & CURTIS. 
Agents for the Australian Colonies, New Zealand, and Tasmania : 

The Bank of New South Wales and the Commercial Banking 
Company of Sydney. 



This Bank issues Drafts on London, and 071 the following places in this and the neighbouring 

Colo flies, viz. : 

INT IB N*^ SOUTH WALES. 

Adelong, Albury, Armidale, Bathurst, Bourke, Burrangong, Carcoar, Cooma, Deni- 
liquin, Dubbo, Goulburrr, Gundagai, Kiama, Maitland, Morpeth, Mudgee, Mus well- 
brook, Newcastle, Orange, Parramatta, Penrith, Queanbeyan, Richmond, Tamworth, 
Wagga Wagga, Wellington, Wentworth, Windsor, Wollongong, Yass. . 
VICTORIA. 

Melbourne, Geelong, Kyneton, Ballaarat, Castlemaine, Maldon, Beechworth, Sandhurst, 
Wangaratta, Ararat, Chiltern, Creswiek, Linton, Inglewood, Echuca, Tarrangower. 

Bowen, Brisbane, Dalby, Gayndah, Ipswich, Maryborough, Rockhampton, Toowomba. 

NEW ZEALANTD. 
Auckland, Christchurch, Dunedin, Invercargill, Nelson, Lyttelton, Wanganui, 

Wellington. 

The Bank also negotiates approved Bills, drawn on any part of the United Kingdom, the Continent of 
Europe, and on any of the Australian Colonies, including New Zealand and Tasmania, and affords 
every facility for the transaction of Banking and Exchange Business between these Colonies and the 

United Kingdom. 

FIXED DEPOSITS. 

The following rates of Interest are allowed on Sums deposited as under, viz. : 
i$ BAYS 3 per CENT., per ANNUM. 

3 MONTHS 4 . do. do. 

4 Do. 5 do. do. 

6 Do. 6 do. do. 

On Sums of ^2000 and upwards, Interest according to special arrangement. 

/ THOS. FORD, 

MANAGEE. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



» 



JOINT STOCK BANK 

INCORPORATED BY ACT OF COUNCIL, 1853. 
CAPITAL, PAID UP - - - - .£600,000. 

In 60,000 Snares of £10 each. 

RESERVE FUND - - - ,£80,000. 



BOARD OF MANAGEMENT. 
WILLIAM MOFFITT, Esq., Chairman. 



J. F. JOSEPHSON, Esq., M.L.A. 
Hon. JOHN BLAXLAND, Esq., 
ML.C. 



J. B. DARVALL, Esq, 
EDWARD LORD, Esq. 
GEORGE STABLER, Esq. 



A. H. RICHARDSON, Esq., General Manager. 

GEORGE FERGUSON, Esq. RICHARD BINNIE, Esq. 

^olhxtan. 

Messrs. MCCARTHY, SON, and DONOVAN. 
Head Office : — Sydney. ■ 

A. H. RICHARDSON, Esq., General Manager. 
♦ HENRY CUTHBERT, Esq., Assistant Manager. 

Branches. 

FRANCIS ADAMS, Esq., Branch Inspector. 
0 

%xwat\m m flekr Smttlj Widm. 

Weft Maitland, Armidale, Btaidwood, Goulburn, Wagga Wagga, 
Bathairft, Grafton, Tenterfield, Mudgee, Singleton, Yass, Newcaftle, 
Muswellbrook, Murrurundi, Hay, Deniliqniri, Ar allien, Forbes. 

§ranr^s for Qutmdnvfo. 

Brisbane, ' Ipswich, Rockhampton, Warwick, Bowen, Clerjnont, Mary- 
borough, Gladftone. 

The Bank has Agents in the neighbouring Colonies of Victoria, South Australia, 
Tasmania, and New Zealand ; also, in London, Edinburgh, and Dublin, for tran- 
sacting business in any part of England, Scotland, and Ireland. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



THE 



LONDON CHARTERED BANK 



INCORPORATED BY ROYAL CHARTER, 1852. 
CAPITAL PAID-UP, ^1,000,000. RESERVE FUND, ^80,000*. 



Anselmo De Arroyave, Esq 
Charles George Barnett, Esq, 
Richard Henry Browne, Esq 
James Denis De Vitre, Esq. 



WILLIAM FANE De SALIS, Esq., Chairman. 
JAMES FRASER, Esq., Deputy-Chairman. 



Thomas Dyer Edwards, Esq. 
Charles Falconer, Esq. 
Patrick Douglas Hadow, Esq. 
Alexander Hoyes, Esq. . 
Fowler Newsam, Esq. 
Wm. M. Young, Esq., Secretary. 



Thomas Chapman, Esq. 



John Gurney Hoare, Esq. 



§mkm : 

Messrs. Barnett, Hoares, & Co. 
Messrs. C. H. & W. Freshfield & Newman. 



INSPECTOR— JOHN BR AM WELL, Esq. 



Local Director HENRY MOORE, Esq. 

Manager - - . - - M. C. MACHARDY, Esq. 

«&>B@TOM21 BEAM©!!. 
Manager.— JOHN BRAMWELL, Esq. 



Geelong — John Galletly, Esq., Manager. 
Ballaa?-at — George G. Mackay, Esq., Manager. 
Maryborough — James Anderson, Esq., Manager. 
Landsborough — Mr. John S. Trew, Acting 
Manager. 

Redbank — Mr.] J. Sutherland, Acting Manager. 



Ararat — J. B. Littlejohn, Esq., Manager. 
Dunolly — John A. Eddie, Esq., Manager. 
Inglewood — Mr. J. R. Gardner, Acting Manager. 
Majorca — Mr. Jas. Mackenzie, Acting Manager. 
Talbot— Mr. James Fowler, Acting Manager. 



Adelaide — South Australian Banking Company. 
Calcutta— Chartered Bank of India, Australia, 

and China. 
Colombo — Messrs. A. & R. Crowe and Co. 
Madras — Agra and Masterman's Bank. 
Shanghai — Agra and Masterman's Bank. 
Singapore — Messrs. Maclaine, Fraser, and Co. 



Bombay — Chartered Bank of India, Australia 

and China. 
Cape Town — Messrs. Dickson and Co. 
Hongko?ig — Chartered Bank of India, Australia, 

and China. 

New York — Messrs. Barclay and Livingstone. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 




(LIMITED.) 

ESTABLISHED IN 1833. 



INCORPORATED BY ROYAL CHARTER. 



Subscribed Capital ^S,©Otl©00. 

Paid-up Capital ... <£l,&00,000. 
• Kesme Fund ... d£dOO,000. 




BRANCHES 

In Edinburgh, Paris, Sydney, Melbourne, Calcutta, Bombay, Madras, 
Kurrachee, Agra, Lahore, Hongkong, and Shanghai. 



SYDNEY BRANCH. 

Hon. E. DEAS THOMSON, Esq., C.B.,.M.L.C. 
CHRISTOPHER ROLLESTON, Esq., Auditor General. 

Hon. ALEXANDER CAMPBELL, Esq. 

%tmxnimxt. 

C. G. D'ALBEDYHLL, Esq. 
Messrs. SPAIN & ROXBURGH. 

Itopr H. HUGHES, Esq. 

Qtcmmimt . H. A. MEDLICOTT, Esq. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



INC OR FOR A TED BY ACT OF COUNCIL, i! 



Capital £400,000, 

Reserve Fund . . . £104,000. 



DIRECTORS : 

EDWARD KNOX, Esq Chairman. 

WALTER LAMB, 'Esq.— Deputy- Chairman. 

JOHN BREWSTER, Esq. | GEO. W. LORD, Esq. 

RICHARD JONES, Esq. 

AUDITORS: 

H. H. BEAUCHAMP, Esq. | JOHN FRAZER, Esq. 

SOLICITORS : . 

Messrs. WANT & WANT. 



||ea» |rnc]e — ^eokge Qtreet, iJybney^ 

ROBERT NAPIER, Esq. . . . Manager. 
THOMAS A. DIBBS, Esq., Assistant Manager. 
WILLIAM NEILL, Esq., Secretary. 

gnurfas at ITagmarlicf, fercpe %tmt %tmfy, ^oixib §txb §0^, 
i&Jmam, ana ^tfotofon. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



fpoNDON #}mcE — 33 ^ornhxxx, 

DIRECTORS: 

JOHN GILCHRIST, Esq. | CHARLES PARBURY, Esq. 

MANAGER: 

EDWIN BRETT, Esq. 



The Bank has Branches at Albury, Bathurst, Bourke, Burrangong, 
Carcoar, Cooma, Dubbo, Goulburn, Kiama, Maitland, Morpeth,- Mus- 
wellbrook, Armidale, Orange, Parramatta, Queanbeyan, Wollongong, 
Wentworth, and Yass, in New South Wales ; and at Brisbane, Mary- 
borough, Dalby, and Gayndah, in Queensland ; with the following 

AGENCIES IN THE COLONIES: 

Victoria. — The Bank of Victoria, National Bank of Australasia, 
and Colonial Bank of Australasia. 

South Australia. — The South Australian Banking Company, 
and the National Bank of Australasia. 

Tasmania. — The Bank of Van Diemen's Land. 

IN GREAT BRITAIN AND ELSEWHERE: 

London. — The London Joint Stock Bank, the South Australian Banking Com- 
pany, and the London and County Bank. 

Liverpool. — The Liverpool Union Bank. 

Manchester. — The Manchester and Salford Bank. 

Ireland. — The Belfast Banking Company, and the National Bank. 

Scotland. — The Commercial Bank of Scotland. 

Valparaiso, Chili. — George R. Dibbs & Co. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



SYDNEY 
INSURANCE COMPANY, 

FOE 

W'm aitir Marine InnnmntL 



Incorporated by Act of Council, 18 Vic, 1855. 



Subscribed Capital . . . ^250,000. 
-Paid-up . . ^50,000. 

WITH Uf LIMITED LIABILITY CP SHAREHOLDERS. 

AA4^AAi 

Directors : 

M. E. MURNIN, Esq.. Chair- J. F. JOSEPHSON, Esq., M.LA. 

man. JAMES R. FAIRFAX, Esq. 

T. C. BREILLAT, Esq., Deputy- WILLIAM WOLFEN, Esq. 

Chairman. JOHN BREWSTER, Esq. 

Surveyor— JAMES HUME, Esq. 

Marine Surveyor Captain JAMES MALCOLM. 

Secretary Mr. JOSEPH DYER. 

This Company, which has been established for ten years, is a strictly Colonial 
Institution, and has a large and wealthy Proprietary. Policies for both FIRE and 
MARINE INSURANCE are issued at the Current Rates of Premium adopted by 
the various Offices in the Colony. Forms of Proposal and Tables of Rates, with all 
necessary information, will be furnished on application to the Secretary, Mr. JOSEPH 
Dyer, at the Offices at the corner of Hunter and Pitt Streets, Sydney, and at 
the various Agencies established in every considerable Township in the Colonies of 
New South Wales and Queensland. 

By order of the Board. 



JOSEPH DYER, Secretary. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 




INSURANCE COMPANY, 
FiRSg life, Ann MARirrs,, 



Head Office — Collins-street, Melbourne. 



Subscribed Capital £500,000. 

Paid-up Capital— Fire & Marine, £100,000. 
Life— £25,000. 
Reserve Fund £70,000. 



Fire Risks taken at Lowest Current Rates. 

Mari?ie Risks accepted at Current Rates, and losses ?nade payable at 
the Head Office, i?i Sydney, or at any of the Agencies of the Company in 
Great Britai?i, India, Chi?ia, or the Colonies. 

Life Policies issued on very favourable conditions. 

Particular attention is directed to the fact that the fiends belonging' 
to the Life Branch are.protected by special Act of Parliament against any 
claim arising out of the Fire and Marine Branch. 



Medical Referee: Dr. J. C. COX. 

MONTE FX ORES & TE KLOOT, Agents, 

EXCHANGE CORNER. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



UNIVERSAL 



I!§ffl|i 

LIMITED. 



Established 1860. Capital, One Million. 



HEAD OFFICE: 35 CORNHILL, LONDON, E.C. 

Chairman: HARVEY LEWIS, Esq., M P, 
Deputy Chairman: A. D. DE PASS, Esq. (De Pass & Sons.) 



Directors . 



CHAS, BELL, Esq. (J.- Thomson, T. Bonar, 
&Co.) 

PETER BELL, Esq. (Scott, Bell, & Co.) 
JOHN FLEMING, Esq. (Smith, Fleming, & 
Co.) 

SAMUEL HARPER, Esq. (Lloyd's.) 
J. LUBBOCK, Esq., F.R.S. (Robarts, Lubbock, 
&Co.) 

I. LEON I NO, Esq. (J. Leonino & Co.) 

S. PINTO LEITE, Esq. (Pinto Leite, & Brs.) 



WM. MACKINNON, Esq. (W. Mackinnon & 

Co.) 

THOS. D. NEAVE, Esq. (Robert Smith &Co.) 
BRICE H. PEARCE. Esq. (Alexander, Son, 
& Co. 

ALBERT R1CARD0, Esq. (A. &W. Ricardo.) 
MAJOR USBORNE, Esq. (Usborne & Son.) 
ROBERT GLADSTONE, Esq. 
SASSOON DAVID SASSOON, Esq. 



Superintendent of the Underwriting Department : SAMUEL HARPER, Esq. 
Underwriter: H. K. RUTHERFORD, Esq. Secretary: ALFRED TOZER, Esq, 



AGENTS : 

CALCUTTA— Messrs. Mackinnon, Mackenzie, & Co. 
BOMBAY— Messrs. W. Nicol & Co. ... MADRAS— Messrs. Binny & Co. 
KURRACHEE— Messrs. Fleming & Co. 
SHANGHAI— Messrs. Dow &.Co. 
HONG KONG— Messrs. Smith, Kennedy, & Co. 

SINGAPORE Messrs. Paterson, Simons, & Co. 

CAPE TOWN— Messrs. De Pass, Spence, & Co. 
MELBOURNE— De Pass Brothers, & Co. 



Policies issued at the current Rates of Premium to all parts of the world, the claims on which can 
be made payable at any of tJie Compa?!y's*Agencies. 



COLONIAL AGENCIES : 

ADELAIDE E. W. Wright, Esq. 

LAUNCESTON Ronald T. Gunn, Esq. 

PORTLAND Messrs. Lord, Croaker, & Co. 

GEELONG Messrs. M'.Callum, Neill, & Co. 

Sydney — W* H* Mackenzie, 2mx* 5 DTew Pitt Si 

Marine Surveyor, Sydney : W. F. NORIE, Esq. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



Jibe $ ITtfc |nsnratta Cnmpmts, 



£1,000,000, 
With power to Increase. 



£100,000, 

With power to Increase. 



CHIEF OFFICES. 

LONDON— 73 and 74 KING WILLIAM STREET, E.C. 
LIVERPOOL.— BROWN'S BUILDINGS, EXCHANGE. 
MANCHESTER.— 24A PRINCESS STREET. 

€ahnmh 

NEW SOUTH WALES BRANCH. 

SYDNEY.— NEW PITT STREET. 

VICTORIA BRANCH. 

MELBOURNE.— 82 COLLINS STREET, WEST. 



82SW MW WMcES 8BiH€H. 

DIRECTORS. 

The Hon. A. M'Arthur I George Wigram Allen, Esq. 

George Alfred Lloyd, Esq. | John Frazer, Esq. 

A. H. C. Macafee. 

MEDICAL OFFICER, SURVEYOR. 

P. Sydney Jones, Esq., M.D. I G. A. Mansfield, Esq. 
F.R.C.S. 

BANKERS. — BANK OF NEW SOUTH WALES. 

Fire Rates only on.application at Office. 

Life Policies subject to special advantages. 

Claims promptly settled in Colony. 

W. H. MACKENZIE, Jumvj, 

AGENT FOR NEW SOUTH WALES. 

OFFICES : NE W PITT STREET, S YDNF. Y. 

Fire and Life Insurances (with the advantages peculiar to these Companies) 
granted in all parts of the Colony. 

Fire. — Proposals can be completed immediately at current rates. 
Losses paid in Sydney. 

BRANCHES and AGENCIES of the Companies are established in VICTORIA, QUEENS- 
LAND, SOUTH AUSTRALIA, TASMANIA, AUCKLAND, CHRISTCHURCH, CANTER- 
BURY, OTAGO. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



HEAD OFFICE : — 2 Waterloo Place, Pall Mall, London. 

Empowered by Special Act of Parliament. 
FIRE, LIFE, J^lsTD GUAEANTEE. 
The Annual General Meeting of the Shareholders of the Company was held June ist, H. WICKHAM 
WICKHAM, Esq., M.P., in the Chair. 

EXTRACTS FROM THE REPORT. 
Premiums on the New Life, and Guarantee Policies issued during the year. 1864, 

amounted to .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ^23,149 16 6 

Premiums on Fire Insurance from June last, (Six Months.) .. .. .. .. 13,25917 11 

The Gross Amount actually received in Premiums during the year was .» .. 169,658 12 7 
The Life and Guarantee Claims paid during the year 1864 .. .. .. .. 86,717 410 

Increase in the Assets of the Society .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 52,925 18 io 

By the Union of this Society and the British Nation Life Assurance Association 
Tl\p Subscribed Capital is raised to upwards of . . . . . . . . . . . . ,£700,000 o o 

The Annual Income to upwards of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330,000 o o 

The Premium Income from new business during the last two months, is at the rate 

of more than per year .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 50,000 o o 

NEW SOUTH WALES BRANCH. 
EMPOWERED BY SPECIAL ACT OF THE NEW SOUTH WALES LEGISLATURE. 
OFFICES— 34 HUNTER STREET, SYDNEY. 
LOCAL DIRECTORS:— C. Rolleston, Esq., Auditor General; G. O. Allan, Esq., Managing 
Trustee, Savings' Bank ; Hon. E. W. Ward, M.L.C., Deputy Master, Royal Mint ; John Young, 
Esq., Messrs. Gilchrist, Watt, & Co.; Walter Lamb, Esq., Hon. John Hay, Esq., late Speaker 
Legislative Assembly. 

LIFE ASSURANCE DEPARTMENT, 

Life Assurance at English rates. Policies protected by the Legislature against seizure under the 
Insolvency Laws, and can be held by married women and minors in their own rights. ASSURANCES 
by a limited number of annual premiums; ASSURANCES payable at certain ages or at previous 
death ; JOINT LIVES ASSURANCES, and Assurances upon the half credit Premium system can 
be effected. Life policies indisputable, except in cases of fraud. 

FSDEL6TY GUARANTEE DEPARTMENT. 

All the Colonial Governments and principal Banks, and Mercantile Firms, accept this Society's 
guarantee policies in lieu of bonds of private sureties. The Premium charged on first-class Guarantees 
for Government and Bank Officials is now reduced to 15s. per cent., with periodical reductions. By 
combination of life assurance with fidelity guarantee, a further very material reduction may be effected. 
Table of Rates, and every information can be obtained from any of the numerous agents, or from 

FREDK. J. JACKSON, Resident Secretary. 

f 11 if it isi 1 rrasHft 

MARINE INSURANCE COMPANY, 

(LIMITED.) 

CAPITAL - ;£ 1, 000,000, 

In 50,000 Shares of £20 each." 
With Power to Increase to £2, 000,000. 

MANCHESTER BUILDINGS, LIVERPOOL. 
25 CORNHILL, LONDON. 

The undersigned, as agents for this Company, are prepared to undertake all classes 
of Marine Risks, Hulls excepted, at the lowest current rates. 

Losses can be made payable abroad, or at the port of shipment. 

LORIMER, MAEWOOD, & ROME, ' 

141 PITT STREET, SYDNEY. 

Agents for New South Wales. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 




CAPITAL, ,£1,600,000. INCOME, ,£230,000. 

RESERVE FUND, ,£240,000. 

Insura?ices effected on buildings, merchandise, and ships. 
Losses from fire by lightning made good, and all claims on adjustment paid 
in Sydney. 

FANNING, GRIFFITHS, & CO., 

AGENTS, 
SPUING STREET, SYDNEY. 



Wu Interpol anli bonbon anb (ilok 

INSURANCE COMPANY. 

FOR FIRE, LIF HE, -A- 1ST ID ANNUITIES. 

BOARD OF DIRE C TORS IN S YDNE Y :— 

J. S. WILLIS, Esq., Chairman. 
G. K. Holden, Esq. B. Buchanan, Esq. 

Hon. J. B. Watt, Esq., M.L.C. Edward Knox, Esq. 

Hon. E. Deas Thomson, Esq., C.B., M.L.C. 
Medical Referees. — Hon John Macfarlane, Esq., M.D., M.L.C. ; Alfred Roberts, Esq. 
Bankers. — The Bank of Australasia. Solicitors. — Messrs. Norton and Barker. 

•Surveyor. — Francis H. Grundy, Esq., C.E. 
Auditors. — Archibald Campbell, Esq. ; O. B. Ebsworth, Esq. 
Resident Secretary. — A. Stanger Leathes. Offices. — Margaret Street, Wynyard Square. 

THE 



OP SYDNEY. 

(Incorporated by Act of Parliament of New South Wales.) 
CAPITAL £500,000, UNLBSVISTED LB ABB LB FY. 

DIRECTORS : 

J. B. RUNDLE, Esq.; JOHN BINNY, Esq.; Hon. E. C. WEEKES, Esq. M.L.C. 
W. D. STEWART, Esq. MORITZ BAAR, Esq. R. T. MOODIE, Esq. 

IN NEW SOUTH WALES : 



Armidale W. H. Mutlow. 

Bathurst ...H. Butterworth. 

Grafton Hy. Maurice. 

Glen Innes L. J. Smith & Co. 

Goulburn ... Davies, Alexander, & Co. 

Maitland ... John Levien. 

Mudgee S. H. Barnes. 

Murrurundi Joseph Cohen. 

Newcastle Thomas Williamson. 

Yass 



Orange J. Parker, Junr. 

Parramatta J. W. Pass. 

Penrith? W. D. Matthews. 

Queanbeyan T. & E. Walsh. 

Richmond W. H. Holborow. 

Singleton '. W. Kingston. 

Wagga Wagga W. Whitehand. 

Windsor J. D. G. Caddan. 

Wollongong John Bright. 

.T. M. Pane. 

IN QUEENSLAND: 

Brisbane John Markwell. J Port Denison Brodziak & Rogers 

Maryborough Joseph'Rankin & Co. 

WILLIAM RAE, Manager. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



FIRE AND LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY. 

CAPITAL— TWO MILLIONS STERLING. 



FIRE RISKS are taken at the rates adopted by the various 
Insurance Companies, and all Claims are settled in the Colony. 

Life Policies are issued and Claims paid by the undersigned, with- 
out reference to England. 

MEDIC Alt -REFEREE :-DR. O'BRIEN, m.d. 
SURVEYOR :— J- J. DAVEY, ESQ. 



LAIDLEY, IRELAND, & Co., Agents, 

LLOYD'S CHAMBERS, GEORGE STREET. 

JOSEPH WARD & CO., 

SYDNEY & NEWCASTLE. 



AGENTS FOR 

Metcalfe's Marine Insurance Company, Sydney. 
Victoria Fire Insurance Company, Sydney. 
European Assurance Society, Sydney. 
Queensland Steam Navigation Company. 
Australasian Steam Navigation Company, Sydney. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 




The undersigned most respectfully begs to inform his very numerous 
patrons, that he has purchased from ]\Ir. John Hampton the above 
Hotel, where all who may be pleased to favour him again with their, 
patronage may rely upon the same Comforts and Civility they have so 
often borne testimony to in his former Establishments. 



VMM W1LLIAHS. 



•5 



FORMERLY OF 
AND LATE OF 

imiak 9 f ami it mm 

PARR AM AT T A. 

Sydney, September 1, 1865. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



BUET & CO., 

BOBSH Ml IJA11IMI 141 



PITT A1TD CASTLEREAGH STREETS, 

OTDSW, ST.6.W.. 

For the Sale and Disposal of 

ALL' DESCRIPTIONS OF LIVE STOCK. 



REGULAR SALES AT THE BAZAAR 
MONDAY, WEDNESDAY, AND FRIDAY, 
AT 11 O'CLOCK, 



AND 



OF FAT CATTLE AND SHEEP, 



AT the 



YtCVOWUL YARDS, 
MOISTDAY & WEDNESDAY, 



PACIFIC 

FIRE AND MARINE 

INSURANCE company; 

Incorporated by Act of Parliament (N.S.W. 26 Vict.) 

CAPITAL: ,£500,000. 

LIABILITY OF SHAREHOLDERS UNLIMITED. 

Head Office. 
PITT STREET, SYDNEY. 

Directors. 

J. L. MONTEFIORE, Chairman. 
HENRY PRINCE, Esq. JOHN W ATKINS, Esq. 

A. B. SMITH, Esq. J. R. YOUNG, Esq. 

C. M. SMITH, Manager. 



PACIFIC 

INSURANCE COMPANY. 



Fire Department. 

In THIS DEPARTMENT all classes of Mercantile Risks will be taken at 
the current rates. 

Marine Department. 

MaRINE INSURANCE, of every description, effected. 

T OSSES may be made payable at the Head Office, or at any of the Agencies or 
Offices of the Company, ( as annexed ) at the option of the assured. 

The attention of Importers of manufactured goods from England is drawn to 
the following, advantages and facilities this Company offers them. Losses can be made 
payable either in London or at any port in these Colonies. To avoid the trouble and 
expense of Marine Surveys on damaged Goods, it is only required that the Consignee 
should give notice to the Company, who will at once inspect the Goods, and grant 
certificate of Survey; or should the Consignee prefer retaining the damaged Goods at 
an equitable valuation, the Company will make such reasonable compensation as for 
damage as may be mutually agreed between themselves and the assured . 

ThE POLICIES issued by the Foreign Agents of the Company may be made 
payable either at the port of shipment, at the port or ports of destination in these 
Colonies, or at the London Office. 



C. M. Smith, 

MANAGER. 



AGENCIES 

OF THE 

Pacific Fire and Marine 

Insurance Company. 



Marine Department, 



LONDON OFFICES: 29, Gresham Street, E.C 
Messrs. YOUNG, LARK, & BENNETT, Agents. 

CALCUTTA: 

Messrs. B ORRA DAILE, SCHILLER, &> Co., Agents. 

MAURITIUS: 

Messrs. IRELAND, ERASER, &» Co., Agents. 

MELBOURNE: 

Messrs. SMITH, STRACHAN, d- Co., Agents. 



AUCKLAND Messrs. HARRIS 6- LAURIE. 

BRISBANE Messrs. BRIGHT BROS., &» Co. 

CHRISTCHURCH J. T. PEACOCK, Esq. 

DUNE DIN ..." Messrs. BRIGHT BROS., d- Co. 

NAPIER Messrs. KINROSS & Co. 

NEWCASTLE ..' Messrs. C. F. STOKERS d- Co. 

ROCKHAMPTON Messrs. HEAD0CK, LIVERMORE, &> Co. 

WELLINGTON Messrs. JOHNSTON dr= Co. 



AGENCIES 



OF THE 



Pacific Fire and Marine 



Ins urance Company 



Fire Department. 



MELBOURNE: 

Messrs. SMITH, STRA CHAN, dr= Co. 

BRISBANE: 

G. D. WEBB, Esq. 



BATHURST 

BRAIDWOOD 

IPSWICH 

MAITLAND (WEST) 

PARRAMATTA 

ROCKHAMPTON ... . 

WAGGA WAGGA 

YASS 



G. POWNALL, Esq. 
M. W. KELLY, Esq. 
Messrs. HASSELL &> OGG. 
Messrs. SOLOMON VINDIN & Co. 
JOHN TA YLOR, Esq. 
Messrs. HE A DRICK, LIVERMORE, 
THOMAS HEA TH, Esq. * 
Messrs. J. C. TAYLOR & Co. 



Co. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



CHARTERED BANK. 

INCORPORATED BY ROYAL CHARTER, 1852. 

Paid-up Capital - ,£600,000. 

WITH POWER TO INCREASE TO ONE MILLION. 

CHIEF OFFICE — 73 CORNHILL, LONDON. 



Directors* 

WILLIAM BORRADAILE, Esq. 
•GEORGE H. DONALDSON, Esq. 
ALEXANDER L. ELDER, Esq. 
ROBERT HOW, Esq. 
STEPHEN P. KENNARD, Esq. 



JOHN S. RIGGE, Esq. 
JAMES C. ROBERTSON, Esq. 
JOHN R. THOMSON, Esq. 
THOMAS W. WATSON, Esq. 
PHILIP J. VANDERBYL, Esq. 



NEW SOUTH WALES.— Sydney Branch. 

Local Directors. — Henry Prince, Esq.; Hon. S. D. Gordon, Esq., M.L.C.; Joshua 
R. Young, Esq. : John Young, Esq. 
Manager — F. A. Stratford, Esq. Accountant — Hen.ry Craig, Esq. 
Solicitors — Messrs. M'Carthy, Son, & Donovan. 

WOLLONGONG BRANCH. KlAMA BRANCH. 

Manager— George Hewlet, Esq. Manager— Thomas J. Fuller, Esq. 

INTEREST ON DEPOSITS. 

At the Bank's Branches in New South Wales Interest is allowed on Fixed 
Deposits, according to the following scale : — 

On Sums repayable on Fifteen days' notice ... ... 3 per cent. 

Three months' notice .. ... 4- 

„ „ Six months' notice ... .... 5 

Twelve months' notice ... ... 6 ,, 

VICTORIA.— Melbourne Branch. 

Local Director — James Graham, Esq. 
Manager — Accountant — George Walker, Esq. 
Solicitors — Messrs. Vaughan, Moule, & Seddon. 

Williamstown Sub-Branch. Collingwood Sub-Branch. 

Sub-Manager — W. Dempster, Esq. Sub-Manager — John Dowling, Esq. 

Castlemaine Agency. 

— Butterworth, Esq. 

SOUTH AUSTRALIA.— Adelaide Branch. 

Local Directors — Hon. Thomas Elder, M.L.C. ; Hon. John Morphett, M.L.C.; 
George Young, Esq. 
Manager — John B. Spence, Esq. Accountant — W. H. Stratford, Esq. 
Solicitors — Messrs. Stow & Bruce. 

AGENCIES.— England and Wales. 
Southampton — Hampshire Banking Company. | Bristol — West of England and South Waits 
Plymouth — Harris, Bulteel, & Co. I District Bank. 



Manchester — Heywood Brothers & Co. Cardiff — Ditto ditto 

Birmingham — Lloyds & Co. Newport (Monmouth) — Ditto ditto 

Liverpool — Royal Bank. 

Scotland — The British Linen Company's Bank, the National Bank of Scotland, all the- Branches 
of the Edinburgh and Glasgow Bank, and the North of Scotland Bank. 

Ireland— -The following "Branches of the Bank of Ireland, viz.: — Dublin, Cork, Belfast, Galway, 
Limerick, and Sligo. 

Foreign — India, China, Ceylon, and Mauritius — The Oriental Bank Corporation, and the Agra and 
; United Service Bank. 

Cape of Good Hope — Messrs. Thomson, Watson, & Co. 

B 1 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 




GENERAL ASSURANCE COMPANY, 

yi^® ®FF3(g(£s 
lSl PITT STREET, SYDNEY. 



DIRECTORS : 

ALEXANDER STUART, Esq., Chairman, 
W. H. ELDRED, Esq., Deputy-Chairman, 

ALEXANDER CAMPBELL, Esq., 

J. GRAFTON ROSS, Esq., 

CHARLES SMITH, Esq., 

EDWARD WYLD, Esq. 

s-=»S€gH=* 

MARINE INSURANCES 

Effected at lowest current rates of Premium, particulars of 
which can be obtained at the Head Office, or from any 

of the undermentioned Agents : 
LONDON ----- Messrs. Brown & Co., 

62 Moorgate Street. 
ADELAIDE - - - - Alfred Spence, Esq. 
BRISBANE- - - - - Messrs. Geo. Raff & Co. 
MARYBOROUGH - - Messrs. R. Travis & Co. 
NEWCASTLE-- - - - Chas. Clarke, Esq. 
ROCKHAMPTON - - Messrs. Morgan & Allen. 
CLEVELAND BAY- - J. M. Black, Esq. 

Policies to Great Britain granted in triplicate, and made 
payable in London if required. 

henry t. fox, 

Manager. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



BRUSH & MAC DONNELL, 



OPTICIANS & WATCHMAKERS, 

326 GEORGE STREET, SYDNEY, 

• IMPOETEES OF 

London-made Jewellery of the finest quality and the most modern and 
elegant designs. 

Gold and Silver Watches for ladies or gentlemen. Patent keyless 
watches, in cases richly enamelled and set with diamonds; Automaton Race 
Watches ; Hunting Watches for bush use, of the very best London manufacture. 

Elegant Wedding and Birthday Presents 

Sterling Silver and Electro Plate. Presentation Tea and Coffee Services, 
Salvers, Claret J ugs, Race and Yachting Prizes, Centre Pieces, Mugs, Goblets, 
&c. Spoons and Forks, various patterns. 

Drawing Room Clocks, also Hall, Office, and Chamber Clocks. 

Optical and Scientific Instruments. Spectacles in Brazilian Pebble 
and Crystal Glasses. Binocular Field and Marine Glasses, Astronomical Tel- 
escopes, Stereoscopes, Microscopes, by superior makers, Pocket Magnifiers, 
Hand Glasses, Dissolving "View Lanterns, Magic Lanterns, Views, &c. 

Galvanic and Magnetic Instruments, Batteries for medical purposes 
and for scientific experiments, Pulvermacher's Chain Bands, Sax's Office 
Telegraph, Electric Machines, and Working Models. 

Surveying Instruments. Theodolites, Levels, Circumferenters, Prismatic 
Compasses, Gregory Compasses,' &c. 

Sundries. Guaging Rods, Sikes's Hydrometers, Saccharometers, Oilometers, 
Patent Pocket Carbon Filters, Swords, Rifles, Revolvers, Ammunition, 
. and many other articles. 

Messrs. Brush & Mac Donnell are the sole importers of 

TANN'S PATENT RELIANCE SAFES 

Now extensively used by Banks and Merchants, throughout 
New South Wales, Queensland, and New Zealand. 
Patent Bank Locks for Strong Rooms, Drawers, &c. , by Bramah, Hobbs, 
Tann, Puckeridge, Hamilton, &c. 

Illustrated Lists sent free on application; 



HUSH & MAO DOHHIW, 
326 GEORGE STREET, SYDNEY, 

AND 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 




WHOLESALE AND RETAIL 




CLOTHIERS, TAILORS, &c. 

406 & 408 GEORGE STREET, 

AND 

BAH&-COVRT, 

D. E. & Co. are in receipt of regular shipments of Goods selected by their 
own buyer from the best London, Manchester, Glasgow, and other Manufacturing 
Houses, and are able to supply their numerous Customers with everything they 
sell on the very best terms. 

The Newest and best styles of Season Goods may always be found at their 
Establishment, and a large stock of Silks, Dress Fabrics, Prints, Muslins, Merinos, 
Umbrellas, Parachutes, Hats, Bonnets, Ribbons, Shawls, Mantles, Gloves, Stays, 
Collars, &c, &c. 

Manchester and Plain Goods in Sheetings, Shirtings, Ticks, Huckabacks, 
Towellings, Diapers, Table-linens, Toilets, Quilts, Counterpanes, &c, &c. 

Bradford and Stuff Goods of all kinds, Blankets and Flannels from the very 
best makers, which need only be inspected to be approved of. 

D. E. & Co. , in calling attention to their extensive Clothing Department, need 
only say that .it is one of the oldest, and has hitherto been one of the most successful 
in the City of Sydney, and that nothing shall be wanting on their part still to give 
it the very best claim upon the patronage of a discerning Public. 

Men's, Boys', and Youths' Clothing of all kinds ; Hats, Caps, White Shirts, 
Crimean ditto, Collars, Ties, Hosiery, Silk and Cambric Pocket Scarfs, Braces, 
&c, &c. 

Broad Cloths, Blue Diagonal, Doeskins, Tweeds, &c, &c, &c. 

€&&HMfg ISAM tiili 

ON THE SHOETEST NOTICE. 



ftamtxg ©rta toil! alto^s umbit X\z most cmM %ttmtion* 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



COLONIAL 

twige t e^ra i&iof ASTON? 

STEAM MILLS, 




EVERY DESCRIPTION OF COLONIAL TWEED IN PLAIN AND 
FANCY WEAVING. 

Volunteer Cloth, Flannel, &c., made to order. 

0OHOR <OTTO© BY TMM WQ>WS JJ*3PM@Y21B 

TERMS FOR GINNING AS PER ARRANGEMENT. 

0. B. EBSWORTH. 

WAREHOUSE, 

Circular Quay, Sydney. 

WOOL, TALLOWY 

The undersigned receives the above for sale 
by auction or privately, or will make liberal 
advances on shipments consigned to his 
friends in London. 

0. B. EBSWOETH. 

SYDNEY. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



TATTERSALL'S FAMILY HOTEL, 

PITT STEEET, SYDNEY. 



THE HEAD QUAETEES 

OF THE 




During their visit to the Colony, the above Hotel called 
forth the warmest encomiums ; while, still later, the 
Proprietor has had the honor of entertaining 

HIS IXiiilllOT 1 SI 60YB2H0B, 
THE MINISTERS OF THE CROWN, 

AND 

Spheral gbfwpbfrtfcr |$tembocrs of i\t %z%i%hskmt f 

AT THE 

JOCKEY CLUB BANQUET, 

YacM Sijuadraxi, and Rifls Association, 

THESE GRAND FESTIVITIES HAVING BEEN HELD IN 

til isum mm m mmmmm% 




ADVERTISEMENTS. 



BY APPOINTMENT, 

UPHOISTEKEKS, CABINET, F100R~£10TH, 



AND 



CARPET MANUFACTURERS, 



WRIGHT & SMITH, 

WHOLESALE & FOR EXPORTATION, 

mm SSOBSS SYBBSY 9 SYBH8Y* 

NEAR THE ROYAL HOTEL. 
COUNTRY STOREKEEPERS SUPPLIED WITH CONFECTIONERY OF EVERY DESCRIPTION 
AT THE LOWEST POSSIBLE PRICES FOR FIRST-CLASS ARTICLES. 

Goods packed in tin canisters of various designs, with glnss fronts, or otherwise, as may be desired. 
Manufacturers of medicated lozenges, syrups, and every other article connected with the trade. 
COUNTRY AND SHIPPING ORDERS PROMPTLY DESPATCHED. 

WRIGHT & SMITH, Confectioners, 

436 GEORGE STREET, SYDNEY. 

Near the Royal Hotel. 



GL H. SMITH, 

316 GEORGE STREET, 

muss B@@ms mmm m wswwm, §10, 



iI€Illil#S I WlIICIj 

AUCTIONEERS, VALUERS, AND BROKERS, 

&&«®, mmm>& mmmw &«s$v8, 

GENERAL SALE ROOMS, 142 PITT STREET, SYDNEY. 

Liberal advances on deposit of Deeds of Properties for sale; also on Wool 

and Froduce. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



(LATE JONES AND SIMPSON.) 

IMPORTER AND MANUFACTURER 

OF EVERY DESCRIPTION OF 

SADDLERY, HARNESS, &C., 

&m mmwMi orassnr. mmm 0 

NEAELi" OPPOSITE THE EOYAL HOTEL. 

A large assortment of colonial-made Bush Saddles, Bridles, Pack Saddles, Buggy Harness, and 
all station requisites always on hand, 

mw» §QMMM» i 00. t 

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL SEEDSMEN, 

ft*9 PITT ITESIT S©¥TS, 

Opposite " Tattersall's " Hotel, Sydney. 

gtfcr uxib White Clote, ©afograss, feikrl, gvutmt, I^wjibss, *ic f , 
and all kinds of 

AG KI C UI/FTJ A. I. .AND GARDEN SEEDS. 



(DATAMSTOS MAY 3B3 MAID) OT AFmCATITOH. 

WHOLESALE JEWELLERS & GENERAL IMPORTERS, 

©B TORE. STBJEKT, 8YDXKY. 

91 SMALLBROOK ST., BIRMINGHAM, 

AND 

STEPHEN'S PLACE, BUNDLE ST., 

ABEJUAISE, SOTITII AUSTRALIA, 



AUCTIONEERS, 

Hath, station, £ <$mtx%l€oimm$$xmx%$tnt& 
tSi mV STREET. S¥SHIT, 

OPPOSITE MORTS PASSAGE. 

N.B.— SALES AND PURCHASES OF STATIONS, STORE STOCK, &c, EFFECTED AT 
THE LOWEST RATES OF COMMISSION. 

♦Agencies and Correspondents Inland, and in all the Sister Colonies. 

FATTORINI & Co. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



JOHN CAUJWELl, 
WHOLESALE & IMPORT GROCER, 

if € Mm if % aravr stout. 

^^J^^f^S^S^ 

JOHN CALDWELL, 

278 PITT STREET. 

WATCH AND CLOCK MAKER, 

40nnR&&SB & Jill, 
370 GEORGE STREET, SYDNEY, 

CABINETMAKER & UPHOLSTERER, 

Furniture, Iron Bedstead & Bedding Warehouse,. 
337 & 339 PITT STEEET, SYDNEY. 

m- ORDERS PROMPTLY ATTENDED TO, 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



MB, THOMAS PATTERSON, 



Author of the " Universal Herbal, or Botanic Guide to Health," 

mat m ^smvsm mmmmmihu 

ON ALL CLASSES OF 

DISEASES INCIDENTAL TO BOTH SEXES, 

B3PE<MMXY ATO CHHMm, 

T. PATTERSON'S extensive and long Practical Ex- 
perience in the science of medicine, together with his 
having the largest and best collection of Medicinal 
Plants in the colonies, for which he has alwavs obtained 
Eirst-class Prizes, is in itself a sufficient guarantee to 
ensure satisfactory results. 

V 

CONSULTATIONS from 9 to 11 a.m., and from 7 to 9 in the evening, at 

No. 247 ELIZABETH STREET, 

0~R, TF BY LETTER, 

Will be faithfully attended to, when accompanied by a remittance. ■ 

El, WMTIM MOSS. . 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



GUILFOYLE & SON, 



DOUBLE BAY, SYDNEY, 

Beg to remind those desirous of procuring large or small quantities of Plants, 
that they have the most extensive collection of all sorts of 

Ornamental Trees, Flowering Shrubs, Climbers, &c, 

and also of Fruit Trees (including Tropical), which was ever offered to the 
public to select from since gardening was known in the colonies. An inspection of 
the Nursery is especially invited. Orders per post immediately attended to. None 
but well established Plants leave the Nursery. The most strict attention paid to 
packing (a slight charge for which is made), and where the selection is left to 
the above, parties may rely upon good plants, and best sorts. Native and other 
Flower-Seeds gathered annually, correctly named, and always ready, in collec- 
tions or otherwise. A constant succession of new varieties of Roses, Camellias, 
Azaleas, Fuchsias, Dahlias, and Verbenas, &c. 

FERNS.— Six Hundred Varieties. 

Prices exceedingly moderate. Catalogues forwarded upon application. 

N.B. — All communications to be addressed as above, the proprietors having no 
other place of business, nor any authorized agents. 



1181 ttlMIii 



(TRADING AS JOHN CAMPBELL 8c CO.) PROPRIETORS OF THE 

O O ISO: ME3RCIAL ^%7- JEX. .A. H. 3E?% 

KING STREET, SYDNEY, 

Jflour mxb (Srain Sfftw^atrta, Sljipnfoners, 

Have unrivalled accommodation for Ships of any tonnage, with extensive sheds, 
enabling steamers and other vessels to discharge in any weather. Flour, Wheat, 
and other grain received from Adelaide and other parts for sale. Indents of 
Flour and Grain undertaken. Agents for the sale of Maize, &c, &c. 



sBY, 

(LATE FOREMAN TO Messes. F. GILES & Co.) 

m ~ 



Mm, MMMM » m mmmm waBm 

295 GEOEGE STREET, 

OPPOSITE Messrs. BRUSH & MacDONNELL'S. 

HEW ®mm BECEltVISB BY Pill MAHL 0 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



A. G. WILKINSON, 

WAmtm & atsssivstsfe erasing*, 

7 HUNTER STREET, SYDNEY. 

Prescriptions faithfully prepared, copied, and registered, so that they may be repeated at any time*- 

by sending the number. 
WILKINSON'S SPECIFIC FOR GOUT, RHEUMATISM, SCIATICA, &c. 

WILKINSON'S SUGAR-COATED PILLS. 

RjUiiil LIBSSS'S Mil* 

PREPARED BY A. G. WILKINSON. 
Wilkinson's Insect Destroying Powder, for the destruction of Mcrcquitos, Fleas, Bmgs, &c. 
Horse and Cattle Medicines supplied. Medicine Chests |old and re-fitted. 
Wilkinson's Worm Powders for Children. 



TO MR. ARMSTRONG, VETERINARY SURGEON. 
Sir, — I have much pleasure in certifying that your GRIPE DRAUGHTS 
have been invariably used in the Mounted Police of this colony for a lengthened 
period, and they have been found a perfect specific in all cases of spasmodic colic. 

Yours obediently, 

JOHN M'LERIE, 

October 8th, 1864. Inspector- General of Police. 
Other Testimonials, far too numerous for publication, can be seen at 
260 PITT STREET, SYDNEY. 

F. E. RISHWORTH, 
AUCTIONEER, 

&0VS1, a mmmBBwrn ASiif • 

Sales of Land, Houses, Hotels, &c, effected privately or by Auction. Properties Let. Out-door 
Sales of General Merchandise, Stook, Produce, Timber, Household Furniture, &c, punctually attended 
on the most liberal terms. Inventories and Valuations taken with accuracy and dispatch. 

MORTGAGES & LOANS EFFECTED. RENTS & DEBTS COLLECTED, 



©Mies § mo. mi gsobgb sjrassir, 

OPPOSITE THE ROYAL HOTEL. 



$EEt>$. $EEU$, $EEJl$. 

HILTON BROWNE & CO., 

Mljolesale # Retail Seebsmw antr l^xobna glmljanb, 

Have always on sale seed and feed Oats, Barley, Lucerne Seed, Clovers, Rye Grass, Prairie Grasses 
choice English Grasses (for permanent pasture), Lawn Grass, (for lawns, cricket grounds, &c.,) Garden 
and Farm Seeds of every description, Tobacco seed, &c. 

Our Seeds being selected in England and on the Continent by personal friends, enables us to 
supply our customers with the very best samples at reasonable prices. 

STORES : 239 PITT STREET, SYDNEY, 

DOWN THE GATEWAY NEXT THE THEATRE. 
ORDERS PER POST WILL RECEIVE PROMPT ATTENTION. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 




AUSTRALIAN WINES, 



/ PRIZE MEDAL AWARDED AT INTERNATIONAL 
EXHIBITION OF 1862. 

Ctftifetes afoarbtfc at ^slnMitmt Igtlh in QmxtMn, 3foJfo gtzlzxib, 1865. 




CELEBRATED 

CAWARRA, HOCK, AND CLARET DAL WOOD, WHITE AND RED 
BUKKULLA, WHITE IRRAWANG, WHITE 

and YAmom of h^e wrams. 

For Prices and fall particulars, apply to 

J. D. LANKESTER, Jun., 

MANAGER, 

EXCHANGE CELLAES, 

PITT STREET NORTH, SYDNEY. 



ESTABLI 



X85X. 



P. FMxK & €0., 

Are regular Importers of Watclies, Clocks, Jewellery, Electro-plated and Metal 
Goods ; Stationery, Cigars, Matches, Tobacconists' Ware all descriptions of 
Musical Instruments ; Cutlery, Perfumery, Combs, and Brush. Ware ; Cabinet 
Goods ; Pictures, Optical Goods, Purses, Ladies' Bags, and other Leather Goods, 
Ornaments, &c. 

All the newest patterns in General Fancy Goods received monthly. 
Country Orders promptly executed at lowest rates. 

HAZELAND & CO., 

Wtm & 8PXBXT MiaosAwm 

PHCENIX WHARF, 
STBBSTi 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



RICHARD REILLY, 

Mjjfllcsalt ft jfcl-atl ft famttul frowmmipr, 

im mwmm, sir© hit, 

Begs to call the attention of Squatters, Storekeepers, and heads of Families, 
to the following selection, which forms a portion of the leading articles 
on sale. 

BUILDING MATERIALS. 

Ewbank's patent and wrought nails, from 1 to 6 in. ; French wire nails of all sizes ; 
iron rim drawback and mortice locks, with porcelain and brass furniture ; bolts, 
hinges, screws, latches, and brass foundry of every variety ; galvanized corru- 
gated iron for roofing, with nails, screws, and bolts, for fixing ; Curved iron for 
verandahs, half-round and 0. G. guttering, down piping, and ridge coping. * 

PAINTS, OILS, VARNISHES, & TURPENTINE. 
SUPERIOR WHITE LEAD. 
CARPENTERS', JOINERS', COOPERS', & SMITHS' TOOLS 

Imported specially from the best makers, including the best American tools, so 

famed for quality. 

GARDEN AND FARMING- IMPLEMENTS. 

Superior pruning, budding, and grafting knives; hedging and pruning shears; 
spades, hoes, rakes, digging and manure forks, forks, hoes, and grafting tools. 
Ploughs, harrows, scythes, sickles, hay knives, chaff machines, hay forks and rakes. 

STATION ARTICLES. 

Sorby's warranted sheep shears, wool-packs, superior twine, packing and sail 
needles ; tar, ruddle, blue stone, sheep and cattle bells, foot shears and sheep foot 
knives, ear pliers, turkey and rag stones, with every requisite in ironmongery for 
a sheep station, lift and force pumps, with piping as required. 
IN THE HOUSE FURNISHING- DEPARTMENT 
Will be found single and double four post tubular and solid iron bedsteads in great 
variety, half-tester, French, and stump bedsteads ; children's cots and cribs of all 
sizes. 

JAPANNED AND TIN-WARE 

Of the best description, including toilet sets, water cans, wash stands, hip, slipper, 
sponge, and shower baths, in every design ; tea trays, bread baskets, dish covers ; 
Britannia metal tea and coffee sets. 

CUTLERY. 

Superior ivory, stag, and bone handled knives ; steels and knife sharpeners ; bread 

knives and platters. 

ELECTRO-PLATED WARE. 

Tea and coffee sets, cruet, egg, pickle, and liqueur frames ; forks, spoons, ladles, 

&c, &c. 

C£tEGa®©[!K][i [LA»© QKJ-^KllAT WffllWo 

BROOMS AND BRUSHES OF ALL KINDS. 

Black lead, blacking, stove varnish, polishing paste, and knife powder. 
The attention of parties furnishing is particularly called to this department, where 
every article will be found in price and quality to suit the means. 
ORDER'S FOR THE INTERIOR SELECTED AND PACKED WITH THE 
GREATEST CARE. 
GOODS DELIVERED TO ALL PARTS OF THE CITY AND SUBURBS. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



AUSTRALIAN TEA MART. 




1T° MAM <% 




THOMAS METCALFE 

(Late Metcalfe & Lloyd), 

GROCER 



478 GEORGE STREET, 

ttPPOSITR THE H^ERSTB^ 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



fctUGHT $KOTBER$ * 00*, 

MERCHANTS, 

Agents for the Royal Fire & Life Insurance Company. 

Agents for the Pacific Insurance Company (Marine 
Branch.) 

Agents for the Trust and Agency Company of Aus- 
tralasia (Limited.) 

Agents for the Black Ball Line of Ships from 
Liverpool. 



DICKSON & DUNCAN, 

iffifliSBESS, 




AND 



COMMISSTOUST A-G-EISTTS, 

OPPOSITE POST OETIOB, 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



ARTHUR MARTIN, 

AUCTIONEER, VALUATOR, 

if@iS a 81411®!, i@W4ffIll% 



AND 



COMMISSIOISr AGENT, 
CORNER QUEEN AND EDWARD STREETS, 

BRISBAIsTS- 
igsg 3 ALL THE GOVERNMENT LAND SALES IN THE BRISBANE DISTRICT 
ARE HELD AT THIS MART. 



I0YIHIK! W 

ELIZABETH STREET, BRISBANE, 



!0; 



PRIVATE APARTMENTS. 

mi Exmtmwf MLimm table ©h the mmses, 

GOOD STABLING. 

n© AM® WOZ^Kl®© ®[F THl ©[EOT ©^©aoiOTc 

VINS de CHAMPAGNE. IRISH WHISKY. SCOTCH WHISKY. 



SO VERISIGN HORSE BAZAAR. 



AND 



ELIZABETH STREET, BRISBANE. 

Saddle Horses, Buggies, Carriages, &c* 5 for Hire* 

M'LENNAN & DUNCAN, Proprietors. 



BANK OF QUEENSLAND. 

gnrngoxutiix uxibtx i\t gomt %tttt\ iawMwg €om^nnm f &tfx t 1857 & 1858. 
CAPITAL £1,000,000 

In 10,000 Shares of £100 each, of which not more than £250,000 or, 
£25 per Share will be called up. 

[WITH POWER TO INCREASE,] 

Head Office — London, 26 Old Broad Street, E.C. Secretary— Hugh Muir, Esq, Colonial Inspector 
and Chief Manager in the Colonies — Alexander Anderson, Esq. 

Colonial Branches at — Brisbane, Ipswich, Rockhampton, Dalby, 
Toowoomba, Roma. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



STOCK AND STATION AGENT, 

ah© coacMissxoa mist, 

ASD AVCTIOMEE R, • 

KtiifiiM etiiiv, iPiwiis, 

QUEENSLAND. 

JOHN & GEORGE HARRIS, 

SHIPPING, COMMISSION, 

AND GENEEAL AGENTS, 

Brisbane, <Q«&««asl«a'd. 

T. H. JONES & Co., 

IRON MERCHANTS 

AND 

w mmtmmm nosnaomiH& 

BELL STREET, IPSWICH, 
QUEENSLAND. 

FLAVELLE BROTHERS & Co., 

QUEEN ST., BRISBANE. 

London-Made Jewellery, Gold and Silver Watches, Surveying 
Instruments, Plated Ware, Spectacles of all kinds, Race Glasses, 
Optical Instruments, Telescopes, Microscopes, Meteorological 
Instruments, Pianofortes & Harmoniums, English, French, & American 
Clocks, Photographic Materials. 

FERE-PROOF^AND THIEF-PROOF SAFES, made by J. Tann, London, and Milner, Liverpool. 

FLAVELLE BROTHERS & CO., 

QUEEN STREET, BRISBANE, AND GEORGE STREET, SYDNEY. 

B 2 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



JOHN FENWICK & CO., 

COMMISSION MERCHANTS, 

BRISBANE. 



&ty%ttskcalx&m firsmraira Co. — Jftre, %iit, & |Uur'uu\ 

ESTABLISHED 18*8. 

A. J. HOCKINGS, 



RiSSRT 



mmm 



WHOLESALE & RETAIL. 

NURSERIES : 
SEED & GARDEN TOOL WAREHOUSE : 

1IK1 A52® ABJSSISfir ©YKSSTSs ESBOgEAKlg, 

QUEENSLAND. 



SCANLAN'S 



EDWARD STREET, NORTH BRISBANE, 

NEAR THE A. S. N. CO.'S WHARF. 

Superior Accommodation for Visitors from the Interior and the Colonies. 

TABLE D'HOTE DAILY, FEOM 1 TO 2 r.l\L. 
WINES, SPIRITS, ALES, &c, OF THE BEST QUALITY. 



MEJRC^iLKrTS 

mmmmsmm .mm. 

BRISBANE, QUEENSLAND. 

AGENTS IN LONDON : 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



NOTICE. 

AUCTIONEERS, STOCK, STATION, & GENERAL COMMISSION AGENTS, 

BRXSBAHK ST. , SFSWICH, 

NEXT TO THE TELEGRAPH AND POST OFFICES. 



Q. S. N. HOTEL, 

ON THE Q. S. N. COMPANY'S WHARF, 

R. BVGGIHS, PROPRIETOR. 
W&mB anb Spirit jof % §est <$ualifm 

REMEMBER THE 11 Q.S.N. HOTEL," NOT THE " QUEENSLAND." 



WHOLESALE & RETAIL 



BELL STREET, IPSWICH, 



isjte Ho mm% & cffl.*sj 

Every Description of "Work done at the Lowest Price, and the Best Workmanship guaranteed. 

TATTERSALL'S HOTEL, 

AND 

^ribate Jfamilg §ranx^ (lab #'SxtIIibim's) gtt&cfyeb, 

EAST & SOUTH STREETS, IPSWICH, 

An OMNIBUS in attendance on STEAMERS and TRAINS, for the conveyance of Luggage and 
Parties staying at the Hotel, free of charge. 

BILLIARDS, BATHS, Extensive Stabling, Loose Boxes. Two large weU-watered and grassed 
paddocks. 

The Corporation Sale Yards are also leased by the Proprietor, for sale of Cattle, Horses, Sheep, &<?. 

JOHN J. LENNOE, Proprietor. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



HASSELL, OGG, & CO., 

STOCK AND COMMISSION AGENTS. 

BRISBANE STREET, 



the mm&mMM 

FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY. 

(lifABMiiiB mm.) 
HEAD OFFICE— HO BART TOWN. 

BRANCH OFFICE AT MELBOURNE. No. 82 COLLINS STREET, WEST. 

DIRECTORS AT MELBOURNE. 



The Hon. J. G. Francis, M.L.A. 
Peter Langwill, Esq. 



William Crosby, Jun., Esq. 
Arthur Devlin, Esq. 



$'m gxtwxmm are tfftttta hr th k Cktirpttg at cntxmt raf*s of gmmmtn 

WILLIAM k INT, 

SECRETARY. 



mm & ssiwi a c§« 

STOCK AND SHARE BROKERS, 

— 1 and 2 — 

U/kLL ©F <g@[Rfl](M][£R©[£p 

MELBOURNE. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



BANK OF VICTORIA 

IN CORPORA TED BY ACT OF COUNCIL. 

Capital, 1,000,000, in 20,000 Shares of £^0 each. 
RESERVE FUND ^100,000. 

Established Oclober, 1852. 



THE HON. HENRY MILLER, M.L.C., Chairman. 

THE HON. WM. HIGHETT, M.L.C., Deputy -Chair man. 
GERMAIN NICHOLSON, Esq., J. P. I E. B. WIGHT, Esq. 

JOSEPH SUTHERLAND, Esq.' * E. P. S. STURT, Esq. 

J. D. PINNOCK, Esq. I H. N. HULL, Esq. 

General Manager— JOHN MATHESON, Esq. 
Solicitors— Messrs. VAUGHAN, MOULE, & SEDDON. 

HEAD OFFICE-MELBOURNE. 

JOHN MATHESON, General Manager. % | RICHARD SHANN, Accountant. 

E. G. HARRISON, Branch Inspector. 

LONDON OFFICE. 

Directors. 

EDMUND WESTBY, Esq. | RICHARD GIBBS, Esq. | ROBT. SUTHERLAND, Esq. 
H. L. TAYLOR, Manager. 

GEELONG BRANCH. 

. Local Directors: The Hon. J. F. STRACHAN. M.L.C. ; ANDREW B. WHITE, Esq. ; 

R. B. RONALD, Esq. VINCENT W. GIBLIN, Manager. 

Echucha Branch. — E. F. Gilles, Manager. Belfast Branch. — Local Director: George 

Sandhurst Branch (with Agencies at Epsom, > Stewart, Esq. , P.M. Wm. Young, Manager. 

Raywood, and Eaglehawk,. — George Val- Warrnambool Branch. — Robert B. Patterson, 

lentine, Manager. Manager. 
Rush-worth Branch.— T. W. Benbow. Acting Port Albert Branch.— W. H. Parr, Manager. 



Manager. 

Castlemaine Branch [with Agencies at 
Yaughan and Malmsbury). — Thomas Young, 
Manager. 

Maldon Branch. — W. P. Smith, Manager. 

Maryborough Branch .with Agencies at Ingle- 
wood, Talbot, and Dunolly). — Murdoch 
McLeod, Manager. 



Sale Branch with Agencies at Bairnsdale and 
Stringer's Creek 1 . — C. R. Sibbald, Manager. 
}Voodsj>oint Branch [with Agencies at Don- 
nelly's Creek and Jericho;. — Gerard Pendle- 
bury, Manager. 
Beechworth Bra?ich. — A. K. Sheppard, Man- 
ager. 

Daylesford Branch. - John Jamieson, Manager. 



Raglan Branch with Agency at Ararat.) — Heathcote Branch. — J. R. McEwen, Acting 

William Meudell, Acting Manager. Manager. 
Avoca Branch with Agency at St. Arnaud;.^- Stawell Branch. — W. B. Lucas, Acting Man- 
Leslie Ogilby, Manager. ager. 
Ballaarat Branch with Agency at Sebastopol). Wahgunyah Branch. — A. Williamson, Acting 

William Robertson, Manager. Manager. 

Hamilton Branch. — D. Williamson, Manager. Yachandandah Branch. — W. E. Longuchaye, 

Portland Branch. — Local Director: James Junr., Acting Manager. 

Blair, Esq., P.M. F. C. Oswald, Manager. Grant Branch. — A. R. Mackenzie, Acting 

Mortlake Branch. — H. G. Soilleux, Manager. , Manager. 



AGENCIES : 

New South Wales — The Australian Joint Stock Bank and Commercial Banking Company ; Queens- 
land — The Australian Joint Stock Bank and Commercial Banking Company ; South Australia — 
The South Australian Banking Company ; Tasmania — The Bank of Van Dieman's Land and Bank 
of Tasmania; India — Chartered Mercantile Bank of India, London, and China; Mauritius — 
Chartered Mercantile Bank of India. London, and China ; New Zealand— The Bank of New Zealand. 



ADVERTISEMENTS, 



Oc Rational §mtfe of Australasia. 

Incorporated by Acts of the Victorian and South Australian Parliaments. 

CAPITAL, ;£i,ooo,oop, in 200,000 SHARES of ^5 EACH. 



DIRECTORS. 

The Hon. SIR FRANCIS MURPHY (Speaker of the Legislative Assembly), Chairman. 
THOMAS H. POWER, Esq. ANDREW SUTHERLAND, Esq. 

The Hon. SIR JAMES FREDK. PALMER, (President of the Legislative Council.) 

AUDITORS. 

The Hon. H. M. MURPHY, M.L.C. HENRY HENTY, Esq. 

SOLICITORS. 

Messrs. MALLESON & ENGLAND. 

ALEXANDER CUNNINGHAM, Manager. ALFRED PRIESTLEY, Accountant. 



NOVEMBER, I860. 



BRANCHES AND AGENCIES IN VICTORIA. 



Bacchus Marsh. — Manager, Thomas N. Binney. 



SUBURBAN BRANCHES. 



Ballaarat. — Acting Manager, A. J. Greville. Collingzuood. — Manager, F. W. Thomas. 

Chines. — Manager, Alexander G. Davidson. Emerald Hill. — Manager, James M. Campbell. 

Colac. — Manager, Fredk. J. Hickling. Prakran. — Manager, Geo. E. Tolhurst. 

Daylesford. — Manager, William M. Alexander. \ Richmond. — Manager, Chas. Baeyertz. 

r 7 t 1 t\- * I James Simson, Esq. I — — — ■ 

Geclone-UxxL Directory John L Currie) £sq ^ rt/Wrt/t ,_ Alex . W . Cunningham, Agent. 

Manager, T. M. Harrington. j Bnninyong.— Robert Gillespie, Agent. 

Hamilton. — Manager, D. Macpherson. Camgham. — W. L. A. Elston, Agent. 

Sale. — Manager, Charles F. T. Farren. j Scarsdale. — Edward F. Longley, Agent. 

Taradale.— Manager, W. J. Budd. ] Steiglitz.—T. Walters, Agent. 

BRANCHES IN SOUTH AUSTRALIA. 

ADELAIDE. | Koom^GX.— Manager, R. G. Wilkinson. 
LOCAL Dl R ECTORS 
Hon. A. Blyth, Esq., 
MP. 

Thomas Graves, Esq 



Mount Barker.' — Manager, William Gray. 
Mount Gambier. — Manager, A. W. McGregor. 
J. Peacock, Esq., M. P. j Nuriootpa.— Acting-Manager, F. Karuth. 
Hon. A. Scott, M.L.C. I P ENO la.— Ma?iager, W. F. Remington. 

Port Adelaide. — Manager, H. D. O'Halloran. 



Edmund Mackenzie Young, Manager. Port Augusta.— Manager, W. Liston 

Richard G. Prole, Accoimtant. j Robe— Manager, John F. Law. 
Auburn.— Manager, T. G. Pleydell. StrathaCbyn.— Manager, T. Evans. _ 
Gawler.— Manager, J. T. Williams. WallAroo.— Acting-Manager, C. Furniss. 
Kadina. — Manager, W '. Fisher. t-, Ar t-. ™, . P ,~, . 

Kapunda.-J/^V, Robert Nairne. Port McDonnell. Thos. Must&Co., Agents. 

FOREIGN AGENCIES. 

Xezo South Wales — The Commercial Banking Company of Sydney ; Tasmania — The 
Commercial Bank ; New Zealand — The Bank of New Zealand ; Qiteenfland — The 
Commercial Banking Company of Sydney ; India and China — The Agra and Mafter- 
man's Bank (Limited) ; Cape of Good Hope — The London and South African Bank ; 
Scotland — The National Bank of Scotland ; Ireland— The Provincial Bank of Ireland, 
The National Bank of Ireland, The Ulfter Banking Company. 



LONDON OFFICE: IO CORNHILL, E.C. 

DIRECTORS. 

J. W. MUTTLEBURY, Esq. | F. J. SARGOOD, Esq. | G. S. WALTERS, Esq. 

SOLICITORS— Messrs. MAYNARD & SON. 
FREDERICK WRIGHT, Manager. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



?%e Colonial §attfe of ^Mmim 

IX CORPORA TED BY ACT OF COUNCIL. 



Capital, £1, 000, 000, in 100, 000 Shares of £10 each 

§irfrtorfi. 

The Hon. JOHN O'SHANASSY, M.L.A.. Governor. 
The Hon. W. T. T. CLARKE. M.L.C., Deputy- Governor. 



EDWARD COHEN, Esq., M.L.A. 
GEORGE BUTCHART, Eso. 



JAMES F. MAGUIRE, .Esq.. 
A. HALLE V KNIGHT, Esq.. 



S. THORP, Esq: | JAMES M-BAIN, Esq. 

F. G. MOULE, Esq. 

ffab me*. 

ADAM BURNES, General Manager. 
WILLIAM GREENLAW. Accountant. 



BEANCHES. 



Geelong.— « A. S. Park, Manager. 
Ballaarat. — J. Henderson, Manager. 
Sandhurst. — M. Tolmie, Manager. 
CASTLEMAINE. — J". Ball, Manager. 
KlLMORE. — Matthew Hayes, Manager. 
KYNETON. — W. G. Blair, Manager. 

Drvmmond's Point Agency. — E. F. Lusignan, Agent. 

Matlock Agency. — W. H. Watkeys, Agent. 



Tarnagulla — A. H.Willis, Manager, 
DAYLESFORD--J. J. Renwick, Manager. 
C AMPERDO^YN . — J. Paton, Manager. 
Woodspoint. — J.' M'Coy, Manager. 
Crooked Riyer-J. M'Coy, Manager. 



A.OE]SrCTES. 

England The Alliance Bank (limited). 

A^ezv South Wales The Australian Joint-Stock Bank, and Commercial' 

Banking Company. 

South Australia The South Australian Banking Company. 

Tasmania :. ... The Commercial Bank. 

New Zealand Bank of New South Wales. 

Scotland The National Bank of Scotland. 

Ireland The National Bank. 

India and China Bank of Hindustan, China, and Japan. 

Batavia Messrs. Hunter, Houghton, & Co. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



ADVANCES ON WOOL. 

wipii sejmi k m« 

ARE PREPARED TO MAKE 

LIBERAL CASH ADVANCES 

ON THE ENSUING 

CLIP O F 1 WOOL, 

AND ON OTHER 

115 COLLINS STREET EAST, 



on ffiool Station^ Moth 

&c. &c. 



E. GOLDSBROUGH & CO. 

ARE PREPARED TO MAKE 

LIBERAL CL^SIES! V-A.M"CES 

OX THE MOST FAVORABLE TERMS, OX THE 
WHETHER FOR SALE OR SHIPMENT ; ALSO, 

On STOCK, STATIONS, and all descriptions of 
Squatting Securities. 

Station Accounts, and all departments of Financial Business in connection with 
the Pastoral Interest, promptly attended to. 

ADVANCES ON WOOL FOR SHIPMENT. 

E. GOLDSBKOUGH & Co. 

ARE PREPARED TO MAKE LIBERAL 

m wmk mm mmmmt 

WITHOUT CHARGE FOR COMMISSION. 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



W. P. WHITE & CO., 



(HENRY BOWDEN & WILLIAM SIDDERLY, TRADING AS) 

ili^itlf 9 & t^f Iff 5 

10 ELIZABETH STREET SOUTH, 



-A-G-ZEXSTTS FOR 



The Australasian Steam Navigation Company, 
Messrs. Money, Wigram, & Sons' Line of Steam and 

Sailing Ships, 
The Black wall Line of Packets, &c., &c. 



AUSTRALASIAN WOOL STORES, 



pains gram w. 

MELBOURNE. 



IMliKlil 



mm 



And all other Pastoral Produce, sold Privately 
and by Public Auction. 

ADVANCES MADE 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 



STAINED GLASS WINDOWS 

FOR 

Churches, Public Buildings, Hall Lights, 

AND OTHER PURPOSES, EXECUTED 

*T TSS ffiffl OTKGH STEHT. 



Designs in any style required, made and submitted with 
Estimate of Cost. 

Jgeafc Sights in Catlubral, &nrjfo», Sfrwi, a.ttb teaWfltfal ©lass, 
ANY PATTERN. 



sb o i sr s "l; eb es 

NORTH MELBOURNE. 



Ai?iie« ©if wool. 



AND 



si mimi yi'O'fiifus^ #c?» 

MORTGAGE, LAND AND FINANCE COMPANY 

(LIMITED,; 

Make liberal CASH ADVANCES 
On the Ensuing Clip of Wool 
(Whether For Sale in the Colony or in London), 
On Freehold Station Lands, 
On Stations and Stock, 
And on Station Bills. 
And generally transact the business of Squatting 

Agents. 

MELBOTJENE AJNJD GEELONa 



ADVERTISEMENTS. 




A NEVER-FAILING REMEDY FOR 
Hard or Soft Corns, Warts, Ringworms, Excrescences of the Skin, &c. 

This preparation effects a cnre in a few days, and produces permanent ease by its extraordinary 
virtue in destroying the sensibility and dissolving the com. It is a simple vegetable preparation, 
and contains no caustic, corrosive, or injurious substance, and a CURE IS CERTAIN if the direc- 
tions accompanying each bottle are followed. It is reqiisite TO CAUTION all persons suffering 
from Corns to avoid applying violent remedies, such as nitric acid, aromatic vinegar, &c, as they 
may do themselves serious injury. 

AGENT FOR NEW SOUTH WALES. 
MR. E. H. O'NEILL, 178 PITT STREET, SYDNEY. 
TESTIMONIALS : 

WONDERFUL CURE OF A FORTY YEARS' CORN. 

Richmond, May, 1864. 

Dear Sirs — Being severely tried by a large and most troublesome corn on the top of one of my 
toes, for more than forty years, and having had it twice pretended to be taken out, and I have 
of ten tried other means to dissolve our union, but all in vain, I was at length induced, by your 
recommendation, to try "Hood's Com Solvent," which, lam happy to say, in five days from its 
being first applied, enabled me most successfully to triumph over my unwelcome companion, to get 
rid of which I have several times had serious thought of having the toe amputated. I am now, 
after waiting ten or twelve months to see if it wovdd return, entirely free from all pain it occasioned, 
as well as any ajypearance of its return. I have recommended it to some of my family and friends, 
who have been equally successful in removing these old and troublesome intruders. You have my 
full sanction to use this as you please, for I consider the Solvent to be a great boon, and a sure and 
safe remedy for corns, if properly applied the full time in the manner prescribed. I remain, yours re- 
spectfully, H. W. MORTIMER. 

To Messrs. Hood & Co. Sold by all Chemists, 

HOOD & CO.'S SOLUBLE SHEEP-DIPPING COMPOSITION. — Since 1st January, 1864— a 
period of only 24 months — we have sold upwards of 100 tons, sufficient to dip once four and a-half 
millions of sheep ! ! ! We commend this fact to the notice of the Flockowners of Australia, 
Evidently the above quantity could not have been sold if it did not answer the purpose. 

HOOD & CO., 160 Elizabeth-street, Melbourne. 



iiiii iff it 

AND 




BOUEKE STREET, 
Situated in the most Central Part of 




THE LARGEST AND MOST COMMODIOUS 

. BIHIM Hj&X.L 

IN THE COLONIES. 




ADVERTISEMENTS. 






l 9 



99 BOURKE ST. EAST, 



19 



The proprietors of the above establishment refer the readers of the 



" New South Wales Gazetteer " to the Melbourne press, which will tend to 
show them that their exertions in making the Hotel and Casino the 
most recherche establishment in the Colonies have been eminently 
successful. 

In thanking the sporting community of Melbourne, they also beg 
to include that of the neighbouring Colonies for the very extensive 
patronage they have enjoyed from them, and that nothing shall be found 
wanting on their part to sustain the character of their establishment 
as the most popular in the Colonies. 



N.B. — The "Wines and Spirits are selected from choicest Brands. 



JOSEPH THOMPSON, 
ISAAC COLEMAN, 



PROPRIETORS. 




ADVERTISEMENTS 



C. J. HAM, 

EJJjb AIT® ilfifl A®EW$ 9 

45, SWANSTON STREET, MELBOURNE. 

LOANS NEGOTIATED. 

gents (ToHettcir. gm anij pfe Insurances (EffcrfctL 

Established 1853. 



MUE.ETMBIDGEE POTT HOTEL 

5tt AT, 

BEST ACCOMMODATION IN] THE DISTRICT. 

HENBY SOLASHEN, 

DENILiQUIN. 

AGENT FOE COBB & COMPANY'S COACHES. 



J. KILFOIL, Proprietor, 

BEGS to inform the general Public and Travellers, Squatters, and others, from Sydney, Melbourne, 
and Adelaide, that the very best accommodation will be found at the above Hotel. Cleanliness and 
Comfort guaranteed. 

PRIVATE ROOMS FOR FAMILIES. 

STARLING and LIVERY DEPARTMENT will be suppled with the best Forage, 



iiiiii^ ft w« 

( Late Thos. Norton & Co. ), 

%km\\ Citg ^Iroprictorcs mxis §%|tatttt, 

83 FLINDERS STREET WEST. 
% D . a o ™ ~ 

TO'VTME performed on the shortest notice, and at the lowest rates, by their 
Tugs "SOPHIA " 70-horse power, and "HERCULES " 60-horse power. 
t SIGNAL No. 8 (Marryat's), under Rendezvous Flag, will receive prompt 
attention. 



ADVERTISEMENTS* 




ADVERTISEMENTS. 



SELECT 



BOARDING SCHOOL 



MZELBOTTIELItTIE, VICTOBIA. 



<i£ 0 



The success attending this Establishment, as evidenced by the increasing number 
of Pupils, has induced Mr. Walker to considerably extend, his premises, in conse- 
quence of which it gives him pleasure to announce that an additional number of 
young gentlemen can be accommodated. 

One great advantage secured to Pupils through the selectness of this Estab- 
lishment, is the fact that no Day Scholars are allowed to enter, it being strictly 
confined to Boarding Pupils, and to this cause, in a great measure, may be 
attributed, under Divine Providence, the excellent health pervading the whole 
School during the past year, and the entire exemption from such contagious 
diseases as are incident to Pupils attending promiscuous Day Schools. 

To young men whose early education may have been neglected, Woodland 
House offers special opportunities for improving themselves (and several during 
the past year availed themselves of it), a class having been formed, and conducted 
with marked success. 

A most efficient course of study is pursued, under the superintendence of the 
Principal, assisted by masters of high attainments. 

Young gentlemen are prepared for the University Matriculation, and the Civil 
Service Examination, while those intended for Commercial life receive a sound 
practical English Education. 



TERMS : 

(payable quarterly in advance) 



Pupils, under 12 years 

„ between 12 and 15 years 
„ between 15 and 17 years 
„ between 17 and 20 years 
above 20 years 



12 guineas. 

14 

16 

18 

20 



© 32 8;1 



